北欧全踝关节置换(S.T.A.R.)
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踝关节置换的历史和Scandinavian 全踝关节置换(STAR) 系统的分析生物力学和解剖学的思考背景全踝关节置换(TAR) 系统的出现为外科手术治疗踝关节病理性病变的传统关节融合术提供了一个选择。
∙本文回顾了TAR 的历史并思考Scandinavian TAR (STAR) 系统是否满足踝关节的应力分布等生物动力学方面的需求。
∙与膝盖和臀部相比,踝关节的负荷承载面积相对较大,导致整个关节的应力较小。
∙尽管踝关节融合术已基本上可以看作是一项成功的干预措施,但是诸如融合失败和关节炎进展加快等并发症表明踝关节成形术可能只适用于某些患者。
∙第一代TAR 系统是指二件式假肢系统,其组成包括:受限关节(未考虑踝关节生物力学和解剖学特征),或非限制系统(由于内翻/外翻和外部/内部的旋转不稳定无法通过关节融合术得到改善)。
∙作为第二代半限制性踝关节置换术的一种方式,STAR 系统是一个含有自由滑动核心的非骨水泥固定型三件式假肢,并具有羟基磷灰石涂层。
∙有报道称,STAR 系统的设计,融合了适当的踝关节应力分布,但是自由滑动设计可能会引发非生理性关节生物力学。
结论作者总结道,“Scand inavian 全踝关节置换术(STAR) 是一个三件式假肢系统,而这份综述总结道:它的尺寸、形状和手术插入技术能产生足够的应力分布,尤其能满足踝关节的生物力学需求。
”Seth A. A review of the STAR prosthetic system and the biomechanicalconsiderations in total ankle replacements. Foot Ankle Surg. 2011;17:64–7.Purchase full-text article at PubMedPurchase full-text article at PubMed© 2011 Excerpta Medica BV. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, through negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, the Publisher recommends that independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. Opinions expressed in this publications are those of the original authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Published, thesponsor, or the editors. Excerpta Medica assumes no liability for any material published herein. Just Published has been made possible by univadis, a service offered by MSD.The translation has been undertaken by SDL PLC at its sole responsibility. No responsibility is assumed by Excerpta Medica in relation to the translation or for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made.。
全踝关节置换术围手术期的护理体会
王文燕
【期刊名称】《国际护理学杂志》
【年(卷),期】2012(031)004
【摘要】目的评估全裸关节置换手术围手术期的治疗效果.方法 2003年5月至2010年5月共实施人工裸关节置换术18例,男2例,女16例;年龄52至66岁,平均61岁;病程9个月至18年.患者均经过保守治疗未取得疗效,踝关节疼痛,影响活动.术后对患者定期随访,并进行临床及影像学评估.结果取得患者随访,时间为2~9年,平均5.4年;18例患者中16例对疗效满意.根据美国矫形足踝协会(AOFAS)评分标准评分,从手术前27~53分,平均(41.5±6.8)分,提高到手术后60~91分,平均(74.6±9.7)分,视觉模拟评分(VAS)从手术前5-10分,平均(8.4±2.1)分提高到手术后1~4分,平均(2.3±0.9)分.无患者需行踝关节融合术或踝关节翻修术.根据影像学评估,16例假体位置稳定且没有下沉迹象,2例胫骨假体和骨质接触发生气球状骨溶解,但无症状.结论采用TAR术进行踝关节置换是治疗踝关节炎的有效手段,疗效满意.
【总页数】2页(P656-657)
【作者】王文燕
【作者单位】445000 湖北省恩施州中心医院西医部骨外一科
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】R473.6
【相关文献】
1.晚期踝关节骨性关节炎行人工踝关节置换术围手术期的护理
2.人工全髋表面置换术围手术期及术后护理体会
3.全膝关节表面置换术围手术期的护理体会
4.全踝关节置换术与踝关节融合术对踝关节炎患者疼痛及关节功能的影响
5.人工全踝关节置换术围手术期并发症
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应用全踝关节置换术治疗晚期踝关节炎疗效分析目的探讨应用STAR活动负重型假体进行踝关节置换治疗晚期踝关节炎的方法及临床疗效。
方法对2009年2月~2013年4月应用STAR活动负重型假体进行踝关节置换9例患者的临床资料进行分析。
结果随访3~24个月,平均14.4个月,按kofoed评分均得到显著提升。
结论应用STAR活动负重型假体进行踝关节置换术可有效缓解踝关节疼痛,改善踝关节活动度,并矫正踝关节畸形,是治疗终末期踝关节病变一种理想的治疗方法。
标签:晚期踝关节炎;STAR活动负重型假体;全踝关节置换随着我国人口不断增加,骨性关节炎,大骨节病,类风湿性关节炎以及踝关节严重创伤后遗症,患者踝关节疼痛率,致残率也不断增加[1]。
一般的用药,对症治疗对于晚期踝关节骨性关节炎疗效不佳;我院采用STAR活动负重型假体进行全踝关节置换治疗晚期踝关节炎取得了满意的疗效。
本文对我院患者资料进行分析研究,報道如下。
1临床资料1.1一般资料我院2009年1月~2011年12月间收治晚期踝关节炎患者9例,男5例,女4例;年龄38~59岁,平均43.4岁;创伤性关节炎6例,骨性关节炎1例,大骨节病1例,类风湿性关节炎1例;病程8~42个月。
1.2手术方法患者采用硬膜外或全麻成功后,取仰卧位下肢气囊止血带,踝关节前方纵形弧切口,手术方法见图1~图3。
1.3术后处理患者术后常规应用抗生素预防感染,术后用行走石膏固定;抬高患肢。
2d后间断负重行走10min;3~4w后(非骨水泥固定)去除石膏。
注意练习足部肌肉和小腿后部肌肉;手术后3~6个月踝关节可能肿胀,可用弹力绷带间断固定或间断抬高患肢[2],术后12个月疗效基本稳定。
2结果本组病例手术时间124~180min,平均144min。
出血90~250ml,平均150ml,输血4例,压积红细胞2U。
9例患者获3~24个月随访,按Kofoed[3]踝关节评分系统分别对术前、术后患者疼痛程度、踝关节功能、踝关节活动度进行综合评分。
TAR total ankle replacement TAA total ankle arthroplasty 全踝关节置换术(PLUS 适应症禁忌症及手术步骤)[原创2010-11-30 12:59:59]患者信息:M/66术前诊断:OA ankle Rt.治疗方案:TARA, Rt.手术医师:professor Chu In Tak(St. Mary's hospital)手术日期: 2010-11-30手术体会:chu教授做踝关节置换手术非常熟练,术中几乎不要截骨定位器。
入路是标准的前入路,他建议从胫前肌腱内侧入路,骨膜分离用手术刀而非骨膜剥离器,他认为这样损伤小。
先在流行的踝关节假体有11种,他所用的假体是法国的Hintegra Sensitive假体,而在教科书上大部分都是讲解利用PE 假体,组件不同手术方式也有不同。
以上3图为术前X线表现手术选择前正中切口胫骨截骨定位器截骨完成后安装试模安装试模后透视胫骨假体组件标签距骨假体组件标签PE垫标签术后拍片所见术后到Catholic University图书馆查阅有关踝关节置换的内容,摘录如下:假体组件Hintegra Sensitive Prosthesistibial component(CoCr)talar component(CoCr)Fixation screws(Titanium alloy)intermediary sliding core(UHMW Polyethylene)适应症Indications:systemic caused arthritis of the ankle(eg. rheumatoid arthritis,hemochromatosis); primary arthritis(eg. degenerative disease);secondary arthritis(eg. posttraumatic,infection,avascular necrosis);salvage for failed total ankle replacement;salvage for non-union and malunion of ankle arthrodesis.禁忌症Contraindications:relative controindications:severe osteoporosis;immunosuppressive therapy;high demanding sport activities(eg.contact sports,jumping);patients with a poor soft tissue envelope;absolute contraindications:active infection;charcot neuroarthropathy;neurologic disease of the lower extremities;advanced peripheral vascular disease;absence of distal leg muscular functionsuspected or documented metal allery or intolerance;avascular necrosis of the talus/tiba of more than1/2;evere malalignment(if not surgically correctale);severe instability;diabetic syndrom最常用的3种假体although there are currently 11 different ankle implants being used throughout the world,attention in the united states has been focused on three second-generation ankle implant devices:Buechel Pappas total ankle repalcement(Endotec, South Orange,NJ,USA)Agility total ankle system (DePuy,Warsaw,IN,USA)scandinavian total ankle replacement(STAR Waldemar-Link,Hamburg,Germany)术前准备preoperative considerations:instability of the ankle often accompanies hindfoot or tibiotalar deformity that necessitates repair or reconstruction of the lateral ligaments during implantation.the condition of the soft tissues envelope is an important preoperative consideration that may influence complications.preoperative evaluation of plain films,MRI, and CT scan can be used for evaluation of ankle deformity.手术步骤Surgical technique1.the patient is operated with spinal or general anesthesia;2.the patient is placed on the operating table in the supine position with a sandbag placed under the ipsilateral hip;3.a well-padded thigh tourniquet is used for hemostatic control;4.the leg is surgically prepped and draped above the knee;5.an anterior midline incision is centered over the ankle joint extending 10-13cm in length between the anterior tibial and extensor hallucis longus tendons;6.the incision is carried through to the subcutaneous tissues, being careful to identify and protect the superficial peroneal nerve;7.the extensor retinaculum is incised between the tendons of the anterior tibialis and the extensor hallucis longus;it is advisable to place a suture tag along the retinaculum on either side;8.a deep incision is made through this space incising the ankle capsule down to the the tibial periosteum;9.the osteophytes must be removed with bone cutters and rongeurs to expose the joint,next medial and lateral subperiosteal elevation provides exposure of the anterior ankle joint and the neck of the talus.the surgeon must be able to visualize the medial and lateralgutter and proximal tibial surface approximately 4.0 cm above the level of the joint.distally exposure must provide visualization of the talar body and neck;10.tibial preparation11.preparation of the talus.ponent sizing.13.final component implantaton14.closure:a final radiographic exam is performed to ensure proper size and placement of the components.motion of the ankle joint is evaluated again to assure adequate dorsiflexion.the wound is closed over a hemovac drain using nonabsorbable ethibond suture to close the ankle joint capsule and the extensor retinaculum.absorbable sutures are used to close the subcutaneous layers and the skin is closed with 4-0 nylon sutures;15. the surgical site is infiltrated with plain, long acting local anesthesia;16.after a sterile surgical dressing is placed, a well padded below the kness fiberglass splint is placed to maintain the ankle joint at 90 degrees.17. the tourniquet is released and vascular status evaluated, the tourniquet time should not exceed two hours.术后处理:石膏固定4周第五周:双拐部分负重,活动踝关节第六周:单拐部分负重第七周:不用拐杖负重。
全踝关节置换术后康复计划设计及效果评价全踝关节置换术(total ankle arthroplasty,TAA)是治疗严重关节退行性疾病所致的严重踝关节疼痛和功能障碍的有效手段之一。
随着人们对著名TAA性能和功能的认识不断提高,该手术的数量和质量也在不断增加。
然而,TAA术后的康复计划对术后患者的功能恢复和术后效果起着重要的作用。
本文将重点讨论全踝关节置换术后的康复计划设计及效果评价。
一、全踝关节置换术后康复计划设计1. 术后康复目标的确定全踝关节置换术后康复的目标是恢复患者的踝关节功能,减轻疼痛,改善步态和生活质量。
术后康复计划应根据每位患者的具体情况进行个性化设计,确保合理的康复进展。
2. 康复计划的时间线和阶段全踝关节置换术后的康复计划可以分为三个阶段:早期康复阶段、中期康复阶段和晚期康复阶段。
早期康复阶段主要是控制术后疼痛、消肿和保护关节;中期康复阶段主要是增加关节活动范围、加强肌力和平衡能力;晚期康复阶段主要是强化康复训练以提高功能水平和日常生活能力。
3. 康复措施的选择康复计划应包括以下方面的治疗:物理治疗、功能锻炼和生活指导。
物理治疗主要包括冷热敷、电疗、超声治疗等,用于缓解术后疼痛和促进伤口愈合。
功能锻炼主要包括关节活动、肌力训练和平衡训练等,用于恢复关节功能和稳定性。
生活指导主要包括饮食、睡眠、心理疏导等,用于提高患者的生活质量和心理状态。
二、全踝关节置换术后康复效果评价1. 功能评估功能评估是全踝关节置换术后康复效果评价的重要指标,常用的评估工具有踝关节功能评估表(AAEFAS)、AOFAS踝关节随访评分表等。
通过评估患者的关节活动范围、步态和功能状况,可以评估术后康复效果的好坏。
2. 疼痛评估疼痛评估是全踝关节置换术后康复效果评价的重要指标,常用的评估工具有视觉模拟评分(VAS)和McGill疼痛问卷等。
通过评估患者的疼痛程度和疼痛对生活质量的影响,可以评估术后康复效果的好坏。