人教版选修六unit5语言知识点精讲

-人教版选修六-unit 5【基础词汇】1.diagram n.图解;图表;示意图2.volcano n.火山3.ash n.灰;灰末4.hurricane n.飓风;风暴5.questionnaire n.问卷;调查表6.helmet n.头盔7.boot n.靴子8.bungalow n.平房;小屋9.typhoon n.台风10.thunderstorm n.雷暴【高频单词】1.alongside adv.在旁边;沿着边prep.在……旁边;沿着……的边2.database n.数据库;资料库3.evaluate vt.评估;评价;估计4.wave n.波浪;波涛vi.波动;起伏;挥手5.fountain vi.& vt.泉水般地喷出或涌出n.喷泉;源泉6.suit n.一套外衣;套装vt.适合;使适宜7.potential n.潜在性;可能性;潜能adj.可能的;潜在的8.candidate n.候选人;候补者9.precious adj.贵重的;珍贵的10.document n.文件;证件11.rainbow n.彩虹12.uncomfortable adj.不舒服的;不舒适的13.balcony n.阳台14.unconscious adj.失去知觉的;未察觉的15.tremble vi.摇晃;摇动;颤抖16.sweat n.汗vi.出汗17.panic vi.& vt.惊慌n.惊慌;恐慌18.guarantee vt.保证;担保【核心词汇】1.erupt vi.(火山)爆发;突然发生→eruption n.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发2.equipment n.设备;装备→equip v.为……装备3.appoint vt.任命;委派→appointment n.任命;约会4.evaluate vt.评估;评价;估计→evaluation n.评价5.absolute adj.绝对的;完全的→absolutely adv.绝对地;完全地6.actual adj.实在的;实际的→actually adv.实际上7.novelist n.小说家→novel n.小说8.fog n.雾→foggy adj.有雾的9.shoot vt.射中;射伤→shot n.射击;枪炮声10.anxious adj.忧虑的;不安的→anxiety n.担心;焦虑;渴望11.diverse adj.多种多样的;不同的→diversity n.多种多样;多样性12.bathe vi.洗澡;游泳→bath n.洗澡13.appreciation n.欣赏;感激;感谢→appreciate v.欣赏;感激【词汇拓展】1.以“-ity”结尾的高频名词荟萃diversity多样性necessity必需品;需要possibility可能性security安全similarity相似(性)2.anxious及其派生词的用法大全be anxious to do sth.急于做某事be anxious for/about为……担心/担忧be anxious for sb.to do sth.急于让某人做某事with anxiety焦虑地anxiously adv.焦虑地3.“-rupt”团队interrupt打搅erupt爆发corrupt腐败abrupt唐突的4.“图表”家族graph n.图表;曲线图table n.表格;一览表diagram n.图解;图表;示意图chart n.图表5.suit用法小结suit sb.适合某人suit one’s needs适合某人的需要suitable adj.适当的;相配的be suitable for sb./sth.适合于某人/某物be suitable to do sth.适合做某事6.appoint用法小结appoint sb.as/to be任命某人为appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事appointment n.任命;约会make an appointment with sb.与某人约会have an appointment with sb.与某人有约keep an appointment守约break an appointment违约【短语】1.burn to the ground 全部焚毁2.glance through 匆匆看一遍3.in the path of 在……的路径上4.be home to 为……的所在地5.wind one’s way 蜿蜒前行1.前往make one’s way2.由……到……不等vary from...to...3.不遗余力;尽力spare no effort to do4.处在恐慌中be in a panic【短语拓展】through短语荟萃go through通过;经历;检查look through浏览;翻阅;仔细查看come through经历(疾病、危机)仍活着;(消息或信息)传来glance through匆匆看一遍break through突破pass through穿过;通过;经历【句式】1.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study,but this being my first experience,I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆,我是第一次经历这样的事,所以留在山顶上观察他们。

Unit5 单元语法详解动词-ing形式1. 构成形式一般式：doing被动式：being done完成式：having done（表示发生在谓语之前的动作）被动完成式:having been done否定式：都是在动词-ing形式前面加not，包括独立主格结构。

2. 语法作用（1）动名词作主语：Swimming is my favorite sport. 游泳是我最喜欢的运动。

Learning new words is very useful to me. 学新单词对我很有用。

有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句尾。

It's nice meeting you. 很高兴见到了你。

（2）动名词作宾语：The teacher suggested making a plan. 这位老师建议制订计划。

①接动名词作宾语的常用动词有：admit; appreciate; avoid; delay; enjoy; escape; finish; imagine; mind; miss; practise; risk; suggest; keep; advise; forbid; allow; consider; dislike; resist等。

例如：I'm considering making a plan. 我在考虑制订一个计划。

He admitted having stolen the cat. 他承认偷了那只猫。

②接动名词作宾语的常见短语有：get down to; stick to; pay attention to; look forward to; object to; lead to; be/get used to; be/get accustomed to; adjust to; devote…to… ; feel like; insist on; put off; give up等。

Unit5 The power of nature-语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.理解非谓语动词的含义和用法；2.能够正确运用非谓语动词进行造句，并做对相关题目。

一、定义：非谓语动词是在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式在句中可起名词,形容词,副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,补语,定语或状语.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分3种形式：不定式，分词（现在分词、过去分词），动名词二、非谓语动词用法：（一）动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。

1. 不定式的形式：（以动词write为例）否定式：not + (to) do（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，例如：I'm glad to meet you.He seems to know a lot.We plan to pay a visit.He wants to be an artist.The patient asked to be operated on at once.The teacher ordered the work to be done.（2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如：The boy pretended to be working hard.He seems to be reading in his room.（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：I regretted to have told a lie.I happened to have seen the film.He is pleased to have met his friend.2. 不定式的句法功能：（1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.To lose your heart means failure.动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面两句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.It means failure to lose your heart.常用句式有：1. It+be+名词+to do2. It takes sb. +some time +to do3. It+be+形容词+for sb. +to do常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。

高二课本知识点详解及练习：选修6Unit5（人教版）Unit5 The power of nature知识点详解Ⅰ. 常考单词必背1．appoint vt.①任命；委派②指定；约定Committee members recently appointed me their chairman.委员会最近任命我为主席。

[快速闪记](1)appoint sb as/to be...任命某人担任……appoint sb to ＋职位任命某人担任……职位appoint sb to do...指定某人做……(2)appointment n．[C]约会；约定；预约；[C] & [U]任命；任职；职位by appointment通过预约make an appointment(with)(与……)约定appointed adj.指定的；约定的；受指派的2．evaluate vt.评估；评价；对……评价；鉴定We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.我们需要对这一政策产生的效果做出评估。

3．wave n．波浪；波涛vt.波动；挥手She waved a friendly greeting.她友好地挥手致意。

4．absolute adj.完全的；肯定的；确实的；无条件的It was nearly an absolute agreement.这差不多是一个完美的协议。

absolutely/'æbsəluːtlI/adv.①绝对地；完全地②无条件地It is absolutely the best building in town.这无疑是城里最好的建筑物。

5．suit n．[C](一套)衣服；套vt.(服装、颜色等)相配；合身；中……的意；合乎……的要求To students，you'd better choose the activities which interest you and suit you.对学生来说，你最好选择那些感兴趣适合自己的活动。

Unit 5The power of nature重难点讲解一、重点词汇、短语与句式重点词汇1．vi.&vt.泉水般地喷出或涌出n. 喷泉；源泉fountain2．n. 候选人；候补者candidate3．n. 平房；小屋bungalow4．n．地质学geology5．n. 信服；说服persuasion6．adv. 在旁边；沿着边prep. 沿着……的边alongside 7．vt. 任命；委派appoint8．vt. 评估；评价；估计evaluate9．adj. 绝对的；完全的absolute10．n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj. 可能的；潜在的potential 11．adj. 多种多样的；不同的diverse12．vt. 激发；唤醒arouse重点短语1．________________前往2．________________ 匆匆看一遍3．________________ 由……到……不等4．________________ 生产；产生5．________________ 不遗余力，尽力6．________________ 被委派为……7．________________ 查阅，参考，指的是8．________________ 全部焚毁9．________________ 使某人铭记某事10．________________ 保护……免受……伤害1. make one’s way2.glance through3.vary from...to...4.give birth to5.spare no effort6.be appointed as7.refer to8.burn to the ground9.impress sb. with sth. 10.protect...from...重点句式1．________________this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。

U6(选修六)1 volcano n. pl. volcanoesan active volcano活火山an extinct volcano死火山a dormant volcano休眠火山volcanology火山学volcanologist火山学家pianistphysicistnovelist2. erupt1)（火山）爆发，喷发Mount Vesuvius hasn’t erupted for a good many years.维苏威火山已经多年没有爆发了。

2)（搏斗，暴力事务，噪音等）突然发生，爆发Violence in street can erupt for no apparent reason.街头暴力可以在没有明显缘由的状况下爆发。

erupt into laughter/shouting/crying, etc.突然大笑/叫喊/大哭He erupted into laughter without any reason. 他毫无理由地大笑起来。

3. alongsidealongside: with “与”It’s a pleasure to work alongside such men. 与这样的人一起工作是一件乐事。

beside “在...旁边”The boat pulled up alongside the dock.adv. 在旁边;沿着;靠拢着;并排地The police car pulled up alongside. 那辆警车在旁边停下4 equipment n.装备,装备The complete equipment of the new hospital will take a year. 把这个新医院的设备配齐要化一年时间。

equip v.装备,使有打算使可以做某事Equip ourselves with knowledgeEquip the army with modern weapons5. Sometimes working indoors…, I’m never bored.bored (人)厌烦的boring （物）令人厌烦的I am bored with the same old routine day after day.The book is boring.bore v. (尤指无聊的长话)使(人)厌烦I am sorry I spoke for so long很愧疚说了这么长时间；---I hope I didn’t bore you.渴望你没有厌烦。