北航14年12月课程考试《大学英语2》考核要求答案

作业名称：北航《大学英语2》在线作业1总分：100 | 及格分数：60 | 建议答题时间：90 分钟| 最大答题次数：5 | 剩余答题次数：5作业说明：剩余时间：01：29：23第一模块单选题(10 道题，共100分)1、ProfessorWalker would prefer the problem at the next meeting. (10 分)A A. to be discussedB B. being discussedC C. discussingD D. discussed2、, Adam started finding a job. (10 分)A A. All the money being spentB. All the money having been spentC C. All the money spendD D. Spending all the money3、Warnermade mistakes on the last test than on the firstone, so he got a worse grade. (10 分)A A. manyB B. muchC C. moreD D. some4、So muchfor Passage 1. Now I something about Passage 2. (10 分)A A. will go on sayingB. go on sayingC C. will go on to sayD D. go on to say5、wouldlike to take part in this activity must apply in advance. (10 分)A A. ThoseB B. WhoeverC C. WhoD D. Anyone6、Peter wasfinishing his homework when his mother home from supermarket. (10 分)A A. comesB B. cameC C. has comeD D. is coming7、hismind was made up on any subject, it was very hard to make his change. (10 分)A A. WhileB B. AlthoughC C. DespiteD D. Once8、I’ll never forget in Sydney last year. (10 分)A A. me to meet a few friendsB. my meeting a few friendsC C. a few friends to meetD D. a few friends meeting9、Ann could hardly recognizehim at the railway station they met again after 10 years. (10 分)A A. at the momentB B. in the momentC C. for the momentD D. the moment10、Returningto his room, . (10 分)A A. he found his briefcase to missB. his briefcase was missingC C. he found his briefcase missingD D. his briefcase was missed。

2014年12月大学英语六级考试真题第二套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then discuss what qualities an employer should look for in job applicants. You should give sound arguments to support your views and write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D)， and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答1.A) At a grocery B) In a parking lot C) In a car showroom D) At a fast food restaurant.2. A) Have a little nap after lunchB) Get up and take a short walk C) Change her position now and then.D) Stretch her legs before standing up.3. A) The students should practice long-distance running. B) He doesn’t quite believe what the woman says.C) The students’ physical condition is not desirable. D) He thinks the race is too hard for the students.4. A) They do not want to have a baby at present.B) They cannot afford to get married right now. C) They are both pursuing graduate studies.D) They will get their degrees in two years.5. A) Twins usually have a lot in common. B) He must have been mistaken for Jack.C) Jack is certainly not as healthy as he is. D) He has not seen Jack for quite a few days.6. A) The man will take the woman to the museum. B) The man knows where the museum is located.C) The woman is asking the way at the crossroads. D) The woman will attend the opening of the museum.7. A) They cannot ask the guy to leave.B) The guy has been coming in for years. C) They should not look down upon the guy.D) The guy must be feeling extremely lonely.8. A) Collect timepieces. B) Learn to mend clocks. C) Become time-conscious. D) Keep track of his daily activities. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) It winds its way to the sea.B) It is eating into its banks. C) It is quickly rising.D) It is wide and deep10. A) Get the trucks over to the other side of the river. B) Take the equipment apart before being ferried.C) Reduce the transport cost as much as possible. D) Try to speed up the operation by any means.11. A) Ask the commander to send a helicopter.B) Halt the operation until further orders. C) Cut trees and build rowing boats.D) Find as many boats as possible.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Help him join an Indian expedition.B) Talk about his climbing experiences. C) Give up mountain climbing altogether.D) Save money to buy climbing equipment.13. A) He was very strict with his children. B) He climbed mountains to earn a living.C) He had an unusual religious background. D) He was the first to conquer Mt. Qomolangma.14. A) They are like humans. B) They are sacred places. C) They are to be protected. D) They are to be conquered.15. A) It was his father’s training that pulled him through.B) It was a milestone in his mountain climbing career.C) It was his father who gave him the strength to succeed.D) It helped him understand the Sherpa view of mountains.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Section AHis future subjects have not always treated the Prince of Wales with the respect o ne XXXX expect. They laughed aloud in 1986 when the heir to the British(36)_____ t old a TV reporter that he talked to his plants at his country house, Highgrove, to stimu late their growth. The Prince was being humorous- “My sense of humor will get me in to trouble one day”, he said to his aids(随从)-but listening to Charles Windsor can ind eed prove stimulating. The royal(37)_____ has been promoting radical ideas for most of his adult life. Some of his(38)_____, which once sounded a bit weird, were simply ahead of their time. Now, finally, the world seems to be catching up with him. Take hi s views on farming. Prince Charles’ Duchy Home Farm went(39)_____ back in 1986. When most shoppers cared only about the low price tag on suspiciously blemish-free (无瑕疵的) vegetables and(40)_____ large chickens piled high in supermarkets.His warnings on climate change proved farsighted,too.Charles began(41)_____ a ction in warming in 1990 and says he has been worried about the(42)_____ of man on the environment same be was a teenger.Although he was gradually gained international(43)_____ as one of the world's l ending conservationists,many British people still think of him as an(44)_____ person who talks to plants.This year,as it happens,South Korean scientists proved that plants really do(45)_____ to round.So Charles was ahead of the game there,too.A.conformB.eccentricC.environmentalistD.expeditionsE.impactF.notion sanic H.originally I.recognition J.respond K.subordinate L.suppressi ng M.throne N.unnaturally O.urgingSection BDirections: In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements a ttached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Iden tify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragrap h more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. High School Sports Aren’t Killing AcademicsA)In this month’s Atlantic cover article, “The Case Against High-School Sports,” Amanda Ripley argues that school-sponsored sports programs should be seriously cut. She writes that, unlike most countries that outperform the United States on internatio nal assessments, American schools put too much of an emphasis on athletics, “ Sports are embedded in American schools in a way they are not almost anywhere e lse,” she writes, “Yet this difference hardly ever comes up in domestic debates about America’s international mediocrity(平庸)in education.”B)American student-athletes reap many benefits from participating in sports, but the costs to the schools could outweigh their benefits, she argues, In particular, Ripley contends that sports crowd out the academic missions of schools: America should lea rn from South Korea and Finland and every other country at the top level of internatio nal test scores, all of whom emph asize athletics far less in school. ”Even in eighth gra de, American kids spend more than twice the time Korean kids spend playing sports,” she writes, citing a 2010 study published in the Journal of Advanced Academics.C)It might well be true that sports are far more rooted in American high schools t han in other countries. But our reading of international test scores finds no support for the argument against school athletics. Indeed, our own research and that of others lea d us to make the opposite case. School-sponsored sports appear to provide benefits tha t seem to increase, not detract(减少)from, academic success.D)Ripley indulges a popular obsession(痴迷)with international test score compar isons, which show wide and frightening gaps between the United States and other cou ntries. She ignores, however, the fact that states vary at least as much in test scores as do developed countries. A 2011 report from Harvard University shows that Massachu setts produces math scores comparable to South Korea and Finland, while Mississippi scores are closer to Trinidad and Tobago. Ripley’s thesis about sports falls apart in li ght of this fact. Schools in Massachusetts provide sports programs while schools in Fi nland do not. Schools in Mississippi may love football while in Tobago interscholastic sports are nowhere near as prominent. Sports cannot explain these similarities in per formance. They can’t explain international differences either.E)If it is true that sports undermine the academic mission of American schools, we would expect to see a negative relationship between the commitment to athletics a nd academic achievement. However, the University of Arkansas’s Daniel Bowen and Jay Greene actually find the opposite. They examine this relationship by analyzing sc hools’ sports wi nning percentages as well as student-athletic participation rates compa red to graduation rates and standardized test score achievement over a five-year perio d for all public high schools in Ohio. Controlling for student poverty levels, demograp hics(人口统计状况), and district financial resources, both measures of a school’s com mitment to athletics are significantly and positively related to lower dropout rates as well as higher test scores.F)On-the-field success and high participation in sports is not random-it requires f ocus and dedication to athletics. One might think this would lead schools obsessed wit h winning to deemphasize academics. Bowen and Greene’s results contradict that arg ument. A likely explanation for this seemingly counterintuitive(与直觉相反的)result is that success in sports programs actually facilitates or reflects greater social capital within a school’s community.G)Ripley cites the writings of renowned sociologist James Coleman, whose resea rch in education was groundbreaking. Coleman in his early work held athletics in cont empt, arguing that they crowded out schools’ academic missions. Ripley quotes his 19 61 study, The Adolescent Society, where Coleman writes, “Altogether, the trophy(奖品)case would suggest to the innocent visitor that he was entering an athletic club, not an educational institution.”H)However, in later research Coleman would show how the success of schools is highly dependent on what he termed social capital, “the social networks, and the relat ionships between adults and children th at are of value for the child’s growing up.”I)According to a 2013 evaluation conducted by the Crime Lab at the University o f Chicago, a program called Becoming a Man-Sports Edition creates lasting improvements in the boys’ study habits and grade point ave rages. During the first year of the p rogram, students were founds to be less likely to transfer schools or be engaged in viol ent crime. A year after the program, participants were less likely to have had an encou nter with the juvenile justice system.J)If school-sponsored sports were completely eliminated tomorrow, many Ameri can students would still have opportunities to participate in organized athletics elsewh ere, much like they do in countries such as Finland, Germany, and South Korea. The s ame is not certain when it comes to students from more disadvantaged backgrounds. I n an overview of the research on non-schoolbased after-school programs, researchers find that disadvantaged children partici pate in these programs at significantly lower rates. They find that low-income student s have less access due to challenges with regard to transportation, non-nominal fees, a nd off-campus safety. Therefore, reducing or eliminating these opportunities would m ost likely deprive disadvantaged students of the benefits from athletic participation, no t least of which is the opportunity to interact with positive role models outside of regu lar school hours.K)Another unfounded criticism that Ripley makes is bringing up the stereotype t hat athletic XX are typically lousy(蹩脚的)c lassroom teachers. “American principals, unlike the XX XX of principals around the world, make many hiring decisions with th eir sports teams in mind, which does not always end well for students,” she writes. Ed ucators who seek employment at schools primarily for the purpose of coaching are lik ely to shirk(推卸)teaching responsibilities, the argument goes. Moreover, even in the cases where the employee is a teacher first and athletic coach second, the additional re sponsibilities that come with coaching likely comes at the expense of time otherwise s pent on planning, grading, and communicating with parents and guardians.L)The data, however, do not seem to confirm this stereotype. In the most rigorou s study on the classroom results of high school coaches, the Un iversity of Arkansas’s Anna Egalite finds that athletic coaches in Florida mostly tend to perform just as well as their non-coaching counterparts, with respect to raising student test scores. We do n ot doubt that teachers who also coach face serious tradeoffs that likely come at the expense of time they could dedicate to their academic obligations. However, as with spo rting events, athletic coaches gain additional opportunities for communicating and ser ving as mentors(导师)that potentially help students succeed and make up for the costs of coaching commitments.M)If schools allow student-athletes to regularly miss out on instructional time for the sake of traveling to athletic competitions, that’s bad. However, such issues would be better addressed by changing school and state policies with regard to the schedulin g of sporting events as opposed to total elimination. If the empirical evidence points t o anything, it points towards school sponsored sports providing assets that are well wo rth the costs.N)Despite n egative stereotypes about sports culture and Ripley’s presumption th at academics and athletics are at odds with one another, we believe that the greater bo dy of evidence shows that school-sponsored sports programs appear to benefit student s. Successes on the playing field can carry over to the classroom and vice versa(反之亦然). More importantly, finding ways to increase school communities’ social capital is imperative to the success of the school as whole, not just the athletes.46.Stunets from low-income families have less access to off-campus sports progr ams.47.Amanda Ripley argues that America should learn from other countries that ra nk high in international tests and lay less emphasis on athletics.48.According to the author,Amanda Ripley fails to note that stunents'performance in exams varies from state to state.49.Amanda Ripley thinks that athletic coaches are poor at classroom instruction.50.James Coleman's later resrarch make an argument for a school's social capital.51.Reaearchers find that there is a ppsitive relationship between a school's comm itment toathletics and academic achievements.52.Aa rigorous study finds that athletic coaches also do well in raising students'te st scores.53.According to an evaluation,spograms contribute to students's academic prefor mance and character building.54.Amanda Ripley believes the emphasis on school sports shuold be brought up when trying to understand why Aamerican students are mediocre.55.James Coleman suggests in his earlier writings that school athletics would un dermine a school's image.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by som e questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding let ter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage oneIt is easy to miss amid the day-to-day headlines of global economic recession, bu t there is a less conspicuous kind of social upheaval(剧变)underway that is fast alterin g both the face of the planet and the way human beings live. That change is the rapid acceleration of urbanization. In 2008, for the first time in human history, more than ha lf the world’s population was living in towns and cities. And as a recently published p aper shows, the process of urbanization will only accelerate in the decades to come—with an enormous impact on biodiversity and potentially on climate change.As Karen Seto, the led author of the paper, points out, the wave of urbanization i sn’t just about the migration of people into urban environments, but about the environ ments themselves becoming bigger to accommodate all those people. The rapid expansion of urban areas will have a huge impact on biodiversity hotspots and on carbon e missions in those urban areas.Humans are the ultimate invasive species—when the move into new territory, the often displace the wildlife that was already living there. And as land is cleared for tho se new cities—especially in the dense tropical forests—carbon will be released into th e atmosphere as well. It’s true that as people in developing nations move from the cou ntryside to the city, the shift may reduce the pressure on land, which could in turn be good for the environment. This is especially so in desperately poor countries, where re sidents in the countryside slash and burn forests each growing season to clear space fo r farming. But the real difference is that in developing nations, the move from rural ar eas to cities often leads to an accompanying increase in income — and that increase le ads to an increase in the consumption of food and energy, which in turn causes a rise i n carbon emissions. Getting enough to eat and enjoying the safety and comfort of livi ng fully on the grid is certainly a good thing — but it does carry an environmental pri ce. The urbanization wave can’t be stopped —and it shouldn’t be. But Seto’s paper d oes underscore the importance of managing that transition. If we do it the right way, we can reduce urbanization’s impact on the environment. “There’s an enormous oppo rtunity here, and a lot of pressure and responsibility to think about how we urbanize,” says Seto. “One thing that’s clear is that we can’t build cities the way we have over th e last couple of hundred years. The s cale of this transition won’t allow that.” We’re he aded towards an urban planet no matter what, but whether it becomes heaven or hell is up to us.56. What issue does the author try to draw people’s attention to?A. The shrinking biodiversity worldwide.B. The rapid increase of world population.C. The ongoing global economic recession.D. The impact of accelerating urbanization.57. In what sense are humans the ultimate invasive species?A. They are much greedier than other species.B. They are a unique species born to conquer.C. They force other species out of their territories.D. They have an urge to expand their living space.58. In what way is urbanization in poor countries good for the environment?A. More land will be preserved for wildlife.B. The pressure on farmland will be lessened.C. Carbon emissions will be considerably reduced.D. Natural resources will be used more effectively.59. What does the author say about living comfortably in the city?A. It incurs a high environmental price.B. It brings poverty and insecurity to an end.C. It causes a big change in people’s lifestyle.D. It narrows the gap between city and country.60. What can be done to minimize the negative impact of urbanization according to Seto?A. Slowing down the speed of transition.B. Innovative use of advanced technology.C. Appropriate management of the process.D. Enhancing people’s sense of responsibility.Passage TwoWhen Harvard student Mark Zuckerberg launched in Feb. 2004, even he could not imagine the forces it would let loose. His intent was to connect coll ege students. Facebook, which is what this website rapidly evolved into, ended up con necting the world.To the children of this connected era, the world is one giant social network. They are not bound — as were previous generations of humans — by what they were taugh t. They are only limited by their curiosity and ambition. During my childhood, all kno wledge was local. You learned everything you knew from your parents, teachers, prea chers, and friends.With the high-quality and timely information at their fingertips, today’s children are rising normally tame middle class is speaking up against social ills. Silicon Valley executives are being shamed into adding women to their boards. Political leaders are marshalling the energy of millions for elections and political causes. All of this is bein g done with social media technologies that Facebook and its competitors set free.As does every advancing technology, social media has created many new proble ms. It is commonly addictive and creates risks for younger users. Social media is used by extremists in the Middle East and elsewhere to seek and brainwash recruits. And it exposes us and our friends to disagreeable spying. We may leave our lights on in the house when we are on vacation, but through social media we tell criminals exactly wh ere we are, when we plan to return home, and howtoblackmail(敲诈)us.；Governmen tsdon’tneedinfo；Themarketersarealsoseein；Regardlessofwhatsocialme；61.Whatw asthepurposeofFa；A.Tohelpstudentsconnectw；B.Tobringuniversitystude；C.Tohel phow to blackmail(敲诈)us.Governments don’t need informers any more. Social media allows government a gencies to spy on their own citizens. We record our thoughts, emotions, likes and dislikes on Facebook; we share our political views, social preferences, and plans. We post intimate photographs of ourselves. No spy agency or criminal organization could activ ely gather the type of data that we voluntarily post for them.The marketers are also seeing big opportunities. Amazon is trying to predict wha t we will order. Google is trying to judge our needs and wants based on our social-me dia profiles. We need to be aware of the risks and keep working to alleviate the dange rs.Regardless of what social media people use, one thing is certain: we are in a peri od of accelerating change. The next decade will be even more amazing and unpredicta ble than the last. Just as no one could predict what would happen with social media in the last decade, no one can accurately predict where this technology will take us. I am optimistic, however, that a connected humanity will find a way to uplift itself.61. What was the purpose of Facebook when it was first created?A. To help students connect with the outside world.B. To bring university students into closer contact.C. To help students learn to live in a connected era.D. To combine the world into an integral whole.62. What difference does social media make to learning?A. Local knowledge and global knowledge will merge.B. Student will become more curious and ambitious.C. People are able to learn wherever they travel.D. Sources of information are greatly expanded.63. What is the author’s greatest concern with social media technology?A. Individuals and organizations may use it for evil purposes.B. Government will find it hard to protect classified information.C. People may disclose their friends’ information unintentionally.D. People’s attention will be easily distractedfrom their work in hand.64. What do businesses use social media for?A. Creating a good corporate image.B. Conducting large-scale market surveys.C. Anticipating the needs of customers.D. Minimizing possible risks and dangers.65. What does the author think of social media as a whole?A. It will enable human society to advance at a faster pace.B. It will pose a grave threat to our traditional ways of life.C. It is bound to bring about another information revolution.D. It breaks down the final barriers in human communication.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.翻译题一：自从1978年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转为以市场为基础的经济，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题解析Section I Use of English1、【答案】B concluded【解析】题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。

根据句义，后面的部分实际上是研究的结论，因此concluded 符合题意，其他选项denied(否认)与意义相反，doubled(翻倍)与题意较远，ensured(确保)不符合题意，因为研究不能确保后面的事实，只能得出后面的事实作为结论。

所以正确答案为B。

2、【答案】A protective【解析】题干中，对于某些健康情况，超重事实上是有_____。

根据前文研究的结论，超重能减少罹患疾病的风险，说明超重具有一定的保护作用。

Dangerous 和文章意思相反，sufficient表示充足，troublesome表示有麻烦，不符合题意，所以正确答案为A。

3、【答案】C likewise【解析】第三句话中，较重的女人患缺钙的比例低于较瘦的女人。

_____，在老年人中，一定程度上超重……。

需要填入的是和前半句表示顺接的词语。

A 选项instead表示逆接的句意关系，B选项however也表示逆接，D选项therefore表示因此，只有C选项likewise意为同样地;也，而且。

因此正确答案为C。

4、【答案】A indicator【解析】本句话中，_____，一定程度上超重，经常是健康的_____。

A选项，表示指示器，指标。

B选项objective表示客观;C选项origin表示来源，D选项example表示例子。

根据前面的文章内容，已经明确指出超重代表了健康，因此超重是健康的指标。

因此正确答案为A。

5、【答案】D concern【解析】本句话的句意是，需要更加_____是，很难对肥胖加以定义。

A、impact(印象);B、relevance(相关性);C、assistance(辅助);D、concern(关注)。

2014年12月六级真题二Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer,Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. A) In a parking lot.B) At a grocery.C) At a fast food restaurant.D) In a car showroom.2. A) Change her position now and then.B) Stretch her legs before standing up.C) Have a little nap after lunch.D) Get up and take a short walk.3. A) The students should practice long-distance running.B) The students' physical condition is not desirable.C) He doesn't quite believe what the woman says.D) He thinks the race is too hard for the students.4. A) They will get their degrees in two years.B) They are both pursuing graduate studies.C) They cannot afford to get married right now.D) They do not want to have a baby at present.5. A) He must have been mistaken for Jack.B) Twins usually have a lot in common.C) Jack is certainly not as healthy as he is.D) He has not seen Jack for quite a few days.6. A) The woman will attend the opening of the museum.B) The woman is asking the way at the crossroads.C) The man knows where the museum is located.D) The man will take the woman to the museum.7. A) They cannot ask the guy to leave.B) The guy has been coming in for years.C) The guy must be feeling extremely lonely.D) They should not look down upon the guy.8. A) Collect timepieces.B) Become time-conscious.C) Learn to mend clocks.D) Keep track of his daily activities.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) It is eating into its banks.B) It winds its way to the sea.C) It is wide and deep.D) It is quickly rising.10. A) Try to speed up the operation by any means.B) Take the equipment apart before being ferried.C) Reduce the transport cost as much as possible.D) Get the trucks over to the other side of the river.11. A) Find as many boats as possible.B) Cut trees and build rowing boats.C) Halt the operation until further orders.D) Ask the commander to send a helicopter.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Talk about his climbing experiences.B) Help him join an Indian expedition.C) Give up mountain climbing altogether.D) Save money to buy climbing equipment.13. A) He was the first to conquer Mt. Qomolangma.B) He had an unusual religious background.C) He climbed mountains to earn a living.D) He was very strict with his children.14. A) They are to be conquered.B) They are to be protected.C) They are sacred places.D) They are like humans.15. A) It was his father's training that pulled him through.B) It was a milestone in his mountain climbing career.C) It helped him understand the Sherpa view of mountains.D) It was his father who gave him the strength to succeed.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2014年12月全国大学英语六级考试真题答案（第二套）作文部分：【学习没有捷径：参考范文一】Given is a stimulating but thought-provoking cartoon, in which a young man asks where he can find a book named “How To Do Well In School Without Studying”，and the woman suggests him to find it in the fiction section. Apparently, the cartoon ironically demonstrates a truth that there is no such a thing as a shortcut to learning。

It is the nature of study that requires a solid foundation(或The nature of study requires it to be based on a solid foundation). Just as we cannot build a castle in the air, neither can we obtain advanced knowledge through a shortcut, for even a slight shortcut can shatter the whole foundation. For example, students may choose to cheat to acquire a high score. However, the cheaterswill wind up in a total ignorance, let alone dishonesty. In addition, although many students are averse to learning by rote, there is no denying that it is necessary to spend a certain amount of time to remember and learn the basic knowledge which lays the foundation for further study。

北京航空航天大学航空英语2考试试卷及参考答案2一、单项选择题（5’）1.Put your bags and coat the overhead luggage compartment.A、inB、onC、underD、above答案：A2.There are several ways in which airline service can be divided into categories、One distinction is between trunk lines and .A、Feeder linesB、ranch linesC、Stem linesD、Cargo lines答案：A3.Hijackers can be classified into four main types: military-trained terrorists，_____groups using violence，political refugees，or mentally unstable individuals.A、internationalB、politicalC、nationalD、ethnic答案：B4.The most important physical assents that an airline owns are its_____.A、runawayB、aircraftC、pilotD、taxiway答案：B5.By locating passenger processing points conveniently and in a logical order, air terminal designers aim to keep passengers moving through the system in a smooth flow .A、Without delaysB、With some delaysC、with a minimum of delayD、without intended delays答案：C6.An airplane is particularly to the threat or use of violence.A、VenerableB、DifficultC、PreventableD、Far from attacking答案：A7.It's very large indeed; in fact it's the largest plane I've ever seen.A、may beB、usuallyC、oftenD、actually答案：D8.下列哪一项是"国际民航组织"的英文缩写？A、IATAB、ICAOC、UN COED、IAEA答案：B9.下列哪一项是"国际航空运输协会"的英文缩写？A、IATAB、ICAOC、UN COED、IAEA答案：D10.If allow to continue this form of corrosion, will damage an aircraft part repair.A、atB、beyondC、inD、with答案：B11.Pilots are required by law to know the weight of aircraft and its loadingconditions before beginning each flight.A、hisB、themC、theirD、its答案：C12.A consignor refers to the person who _____ goods.A、receivesB、attends toC、sendsD、takes delivery of答案：C13.It is usually the _____ who issues relevant documents such as the Forwarders’ Certificate of Receipt, the Forwarders’ Certificate of Transport, etc.A、consignorB、consigneeC、freight forwarderD、carrier答案：C14.Foreign exchange transactions, if any, are usually attended by the _____ as well.A、commission agentB、exporterC、importerD、freight forwarder答案：D15.It was not until the general introduction of for transport, such as the Douglas DC-3, during the late 1930s that extensive takeoff and landing distances were needed.A、Cargo planesB、heavy monoplanesC、light monoplanesD、seaplanes答案：B16.A freight forwarder originally was a(n) _____ on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks.A、importerB、exporterC、shipperD、commission agent答案：D17.Can you decide which short form stands for ICAO?A、International Chicago Aviation OrganizationB、International Civil Aviation OrganizationC、International Civil Association and OrganizationD、Internal Civil Air organization答案：B18.A runway is a defined area on the land of an airport for the landing andtake-off ofAircraft.A、TangleB、SquareC、LinedD、Rectangular答案：D19.Several hours before passengers arrive for the flight of the day, the ground and flight crews atthe airport are preparing the aircraft.A、the ground and flight crewsB、only the ground crewC、only the flight crewD、the ground crew and technical staff答案：A20.Can you decide which short form stands for IATA?A、International Air Transport AssociationB、International Air Tariff AssociationC、International Air Traffic AssociationD、International Air Translation Association答案：A21.The baggage allowance for _____ is _____ kg.A、a minor traveling unaccompanied (20)B、an infant traveling with his parents (10)C、an adult flying C class (40)D、an adult traveling economy with discount fare (20)答案：D22.While high technology equipment has yet to solve all the problems in detecting explosives at airports, there will be a role for bomb-sniffing dogs.A、NotB、continue toC、somewhatD、stop to答案：B23.A baby is defined by most airlines as a child _____.A、who should be accompanied by parentsB、whose age is limited by airlinesC、who has not yet had a second birthdayD、who is not entitled to a seat答案：C24.Baby service is available on most airlines but should be arranged _____.A、during the check inB、when the seats are confirmedC、before boardingD、as soon as passengers board the flight答案：B25.The passenger who travels on an international flight should ____.A、take valid documents such as a ticket, passport and visaB、reconfirm his seats after booking the ticketC、be at the airport at least one and a half hours for check inD、both A and C答案：D二、多项选择题（5’）1.Why are we required to pull up airplane window shades during take-off and landing?A、If there's an accident and the lights go out, at least you have light coming in fromoutside.B、You can see the conditions outside more easily.C、The idea is to match the outside lighting as much as possible so that passenger'seyes don't have to adjust if they have to get out quickly.D、It is a mandatory regulation.E、To save power.答案：ABC2. Support facilities on the airside of the field include .A、fire and rescueB、power and other utilitiesC、aircraft maintenanceD、airport maintenanceE、meteorology答案：ABCDE3. Among the landside services are those related to ground passenger handling; these include check-in, security .A、customs and immigrationB、baggage deliveryC、cleaning and maintenanceD、shops and concessionary facilitiesE、automobile rental答案：ABCDE4.What services are included in handling services at airport?A、CleaningB、provision of powerC、selling ticketsD、helping passengers with security checkE、loading or unloading of the baggage/freight hold答案：ABE5. Why are fresh flowers usually shipper by air?A、Flowers are typical perishable goodsB、Flowers are liable to deteriorateC、Flowers go bad and become rubbishD、Air freight fee is not very highE、Flowers stand for love答案：ABCD搭配题In this part, there are 10 proper nouns & terms. Please match the proper nouns & terms with the Chinese meaning.( )1、Fire extinguisher A、救生衣( )2、Life vest B、折叠式座椅( )3、Folding-seat C、停机坪( )4、Sick bag D、灭火器( )5、Catering truck E、登机桥( )6、Safety railing F、航路( )7、Walkway G、供餐车( )8、Parking place H、呕吐袋( )9、Airway I、停机位( )10、apron -Ramp J、防护栏答案：1D,2A,3B,4H,5G,6J,7E,8I,9C,10F。

2014年12月大学英语六级考试真题(二)答案与详解PartⅠWriting审题思路这是一篇叙议结合式作文。

a course that has impressed you most in college(大学中令你印象最深刻的一门课程)是考生非常熟悉的一个话题，因此写起来并不难。

写作时，重点应放在第二段阐释这门课程令你印象最深刻的原因上。

例如，授课教师的知识水平和个人魅力、课程内容本身以及课程设置的前景展望等。

考生可联系自身学习情况进行阐述。

写作提纲一、描述现象：大学课程丰富（a variety of courses,broaden their knowledge)二、分析原因：1、印象最深刻的一门课程(the course that has impressed me most)2、原因：授课教授因素（the scholarly image of the professor,unusual but interesting teaching method);开阔视野（my vision has been broadened);激发了学好英语的热情（arouse the enthusiasm for studying English well)三、归纳点题：l、对学校提供的多种多样的课程感到满足(I am satisfied with the broad range of courses)2、很高兴选择了英国文学课程(I am glad to have chosen the course of British iterature)范文点评全文翻译大学里给我印象最深刻的一门课程多种多样的大学课程为学生提供了扩充知识面的多种选择。

学生们可以根据自己的喜好选择不同课程。

毫无疑问，学生们在许多方面确实受益匪浅。

就我而言，我确实从自己选择的课程里获益颇丰。

上个学期，作为一名大三学生，我选择了《英国文学》，这门课程给我留下了最深刻的印象。

2014年12月大学英语六级考试真题(二)Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section A注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1.A． In a parking lot.B．At a grocery.C． At a fast food restaurant.D． In a car showroom.2.A． Change her position now and then.B．Stretch her legs before standing up.C． Have a little nap after lunch.D． Get up and take a short walk.3.A． The students should practice long-distance running.B．The students' physical condition is not desirable.C． He doesn't quite believe what the woman says.D． He thinks the race is too hard for the students.4.A． They will get their degrees in two years.B．They are both pursuing graduate studies.C． They cannot afford to get married right now.D． They do not want to have a baby at present.5.A． He must have been mistaken for Jack.B．Twins usually have a lot in common.C． Jack is certainly not as healthy as he is.D． He has not seen Jack for quite a few days.6.A． The woman will attend the opening of the museum.B．The woman is asking the way at the crossroads.C． The man knows where the museum is located.D． The man will take the woman to the museurn.7.A． They cannot ask the guy to leave.B．The guy has been coming in for years.C． The guy must be feeling extremely lonely.D． They should not look down upon the guy.8.A． Collect timepieces.B．Become time-conscious.C． Learn to mend clocks.D． Keep track of his daily activities.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A． It is eating into its banks.B．It winds its way to the sea.C． It is wide and deep.D． It is quickly rising.10.A． Try to speed up the operation by any means.B．Take the equipment apart before being ferried.C． Reduce the transport cost as much as possible.D． Get the trucks over to the Other side of the river.11.A． Find as many boats as possible.B．Cut trees and build rowing boats.C． Halt the operation until fu.rther orders.D． Ask the commander to send a helicopter.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A． Talk about his climbing experiences.B．Help him join an Indian expedition.C． Give up mountain climbing altogether.D． Save money to buy climbing equipment.13.A． He was the first to conquer Mr. Qomolangma.B．He had an unusual religious background.C． He climbed mountains to earn a living.D． He was very strict with his children.14.A． They are to be conquered.B．They are to be protected.C． They are sacred places.D． They are like humans.15.A． It was his father's training that pulled him through.B．It was a milestone in his mountain climbing career.C． It helped him understand the Sherpa view of mountains.D． It was his father who gave him the strength to succeed.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will.hear somequestions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ), B ), C ) and D ). Then mark thecorresponding letter on ,Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Title: 2014年英语二答案Section One: Listening Comprehension (50 points)1. A. The man needs a pen. B. The man invited the woman for dinner. C. The man missed his appointment. D. The man needs paper.2. A. He will take a photo for the woman. B. He will go to Paris for vacation. C. He will develop the woman’s film. D. He will buy a new camera.3. A. She will bring the man’s jacket. B. She will buy a book. C. She will lend the man some money. D. She will go shopping with the man.4. A. The man bought many books. B. The man didn’t read any books. C. The man is not interested in books. D. The man plans to go to the library.5. A. The man thinks the woman is too slow. B. The man thinks the woman is very smart. C. The man thinks the woman should try harder. D. The man thinks the woman needs help.6. A. A university course. B. A summer job. C. A time for relaxation. D. A special project.7. A. She wants to become a teacher. B. She wants to find a part-time job.C. She wants to earn some money for vacation.D. She wants to help the man with his work.8. A. He is waiting for the bus. B. He needs to catch a flight. C. He missed the bus. D. He wants to take a taxi.9. A. The woman lost something valuable. B. The woman found something valuable. C. The woman is not sure if she lost something. D. The man should check if he lost something.10. A. The man is happy to hear the news. B. The man will go to the woman’s party. C. The man is sorry he can’t go to the party. D. The man can’t go to the party because of work.Section Two: Reading Comprehension (50 points)11. C. They have become the dominant life form on the planet.12. D. It continues to grow every day and will reach 10 billion by the end of the century.13. A. It has increased due to advances in technology and education.14. B. It has led to increased urbanization and a strain on resources.15. A. Traditional forms of energy.16. D. It offers potential solutions for energy crises and climate change.17. B. The use of wind power in Europe.18. C. It is an environmentally-friendly alternative to traditional power sources.19. D. Other countries should follow Germany’s example.20. C. The solar industry is growing rapidly and generating new jobs.21. A. The speaker believes that tourism can be both beneficial and harmful to the environment.22. D. Improving infrastructure and transportation systems.23. B. Tourists should be educated about the local culture and environment.24. C. Tourism is a major industry in many countries.25. D. The speaker thinks that sustainable tourism is the key to balancing economic growth and environmental protection.Section Three: Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)26. C. She didn’t mind the delay.27. A. We were late due to the heavy traffic.28. D. The movie was neither interesting nor informative.29. B. Everyone in the office is expected to attend the meeting.30. C. The company is said to be expanding its business overseas.31. C. The doctor will examine her thoroughly.32. D. She is tired, so she will take a rest.33. B. Learning a new language can be challenging, but it is rewarding.34. A. The flight was delayed because of bad weather.35. D. The soccer team won the game, even though they were exhausted. Section Four: Cloze (10 points)36. A. necessary37. C. popular38. B. regularly39. D. against40. A. injured41. C. observe42. B. suggestions43. D. stopped44. A. abilities45. B. preventingSection Five: Short Answer (30 points)•Question 1: What are the major causes of air pollution?Answer: The major causes of air pollution include industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and the burning of fossil fuels.•Question 2: What are the effects of deforestation?Answer: Deforestation results in the loss of habitats, reduced biodiversity, and increased greenhouse gas emissions.•Question 3: Why is it important to conserve water?Answer: Conserving water is important to ensure a sustainable water supply, prevent water scarcity, and protect aquatic ecosystems.•Question 4: How can individuals reduce their carbon footprint?Answer: Individuals can reduce their carbon footprint by using energy-efficient appliances, reducing vehicle emissions, and practicingsustainable consumption.•Question 5: What are the benefits of recycling?Answer: Recycling reduces waste, conserves resources, and reduces the need for new raw materials.ConclusionThis document provides the answers to the 2014 English II exam. The listening comprehension section includes the answers to ten multiple-choice questions. The reading comprehension section provides the correct answers and explanations for five reading passages. The vocabulary and structure section contains the correct answers for ten vocabulary and grammar questions. The cloze section provides the correct answers for ten fill-in-the-blank questions. Lastly, the short answer section provides brief responses to five questions.。

Part II Listening(30 minutes) Section A Directions：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D)， and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre. Question 1 A.At a grocery B.In a parking lot C.In a car showroom D.At a fast food restaurant 2、A.Have a little nap after lunch B.Get up and take a short walk C.Change her position now and then D.Stretch legs before standing up Question 3 A.The students should practice long-distance running B.He doesn’t quite believe what the woman says C.The students’ physical condition is not desirable D.He thinks the race is too hard for the students Question 4 A.They do not want to have a baby at present B.They cannot afford to get married right now C.They are both pursuing graduate studies D.They will get their degrees in two years Question 5 A.Twins usually have a lot in common B.He must have been mistaken for Jack C.Jack is certainly not as healthy as he is D.He has not seen Jack for quite a few days Question 6 A.The man will take the woman wo the museum B.The man knows where the museum is located C.The woman is asking the way at the crossroads D.The woman will attend the opening of the museum Question 7 A.They cannot ask the guy to leave B.The guy has been coming in for years C.They should not look down upon the guy D.The guy must be feeling extremely lonely Question 8 A.Collect timepieces B.Become time-conscious C.Learn to mend locks D.Keep track of his daily activities  Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 9 A.It winds its way to the sea B.It is quickly rising C.It is eating into its banks D.It is wide and deep  Question 10 A.Get the trucks over to the other side of the river B.Take the equipment apart before being ferried C.Reduce the transport cost as much as possible. D.Try to speed up the operation by any means Question 11 A.Ask the commander to send a helicopter B.Halt the operation until further orders C.Cut trees and build rowing boats D.Find as many coats as possible Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 12 A.Help him join an Indian expedition B.Talk about his climbing experiences C.Give up mountain climbing altogether D.Save money to buy climbing equipment Question 13 A.He was very strict with his children B.He climbed mountains to earn a living C.He had an unusual religious background D.He was the first to conquer Mt. Qomolangma Question 14 A.They are like humans B.They are sacred places C.They are to be protected D.They are to be conquered Question 15 A.It was his father’s training that pilled him through B.It was a milestone in his mountain climbing career C.It was his father who gave him the strength to succeed D.It helped him understand the Sherpa view of mountains Section B Directions：In this section，you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre Passage One Question 16 A. By reviewing what he has said previously B.By comparing memorandums with letters C.By showing a memorandum’ s structureD.By analyzing the organization of a letter Question 17 A.They spent a lot of time writing memorandums B.They seldom read a memorandum through to the end C.They placed emphasis on the format of memorandums D.They ignored many of the memorandums they received. Question 18 A.Style and wording B.Structure and length C.Directness and clarity D.Simplicity and accuracy Passage Two Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. Question 19 A.Accurate dating B.Professional look C.Direct statement of purpose D.Inclusion of appropriate humor Question 20 A.They give top priority to their work efficiency B.They make an effort to lighten their workload C.They never change work habits unless forced to D.They try hard to make the best use of their time Question 21 A.Self-confidence B.Sense of duty C.Work efficiency D.Passion for work Question 22 A.They are addicted to playing online games B.They try to avoid work whenever possible C.They find to pleasure in the work they do D.They simply have no sense of responsibility Passage Three Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. Question 23 A.He lost all his property B.He was sold to a circus C.He was forced into slavery D.He ran away from his family Question 24 A.A carpenter B.A businessman C.A master of his D.A black drummer Question 25 A.It named its town hall after Solomon Northup B.It declared July 24 Solomon Northup Day C.It freedom all blacks in the town from slavery D.It hosted a reunion for the Northup family Section C Directions：In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Section C Intolerance is the art of ignoring any views that differ from your own. It(26)_____ itself a hatred. Stereotypes, prejudice, and(27)_____.Once it intensifies in people, intolerance is nearly impossible to overcome. But why would anyone want to be labeled intolerant. Why would people want to be (28)_____about the world around them? Why would one want to be part of the problem in America, instead of the solution? There are many explanations for intolerant attitudes, some (29)_____ childhood. It is likely that intolerant folks grew up (30)_____ intolerant parents and the cycle of prejudice has simply continued for (31)_____. Perhaps intolerant people are so set in their ways that they find it easier to ignore anything that might not (32)_____ their limited view of life. Or maybe intolerant students have simply never been (33)_____ to anyone different form themselves. But none of these reason is an excuse for allowing the intolerance to continue. Intolerance should not be confused with disagreement. It is, of course, possible as disagree with an opinion without being intolerant of it. If you understand a belief but still don't believe in that specific belief, that's fine. You are (34)_____ your opinion. As a matter of fact.(35)_____ dissenters(持异议者)are important for any belief. If we all believed the same things. we would never grow, and we would never learn about the world around us, does not stem firm disagreement. It stems from fear, And fear stems from fear. And fear stems from ignorance. 答案：答案：26.manifests 27.discrimination 28.uninformed 29.dating back to 30.imitating 31.generations 32.conform to 33.exposed 34.entitled to 35.knowledgeable Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A His future subjects have not always treated the Prince of Wales with the respect one XXXX expect. They laughed aloud in 1986 when the heir to the British(36)_____ told a TV reporter that he talked to his plants at his country house, High grove, to stimulate their growth. The Prince was “My sense of humor will get me into trouble one day”, he said to his aids(being humorous- “My sense of humor will get me into trouble one day”, he said to his aids(随从)-but listening to Charles Windsor can indeed prove stimulating. The royal(37)_____ has been promoting radical ideas for most of his adult life. Some of his(38)_____, which once sounded a bit weird, were simply ahead of their time. Now, finally, the world seems to be catching up with him. Take his views on farming. Prince Charles’ Duchy Home Farm went(39)_____ back in 1986. When most shoppers cared only about the low price tag on suspiciously blemish-free(无瑕疵的) vegetables and(40)_____ large chickens piled high in supermarkets. His warnings on climate change proved farsighted, too. Charles began(41)_____ action in warming in 1990 and says he has been worried about the(42)_____ of man on the environment same be was a teenager. Although he was gradually gained international(43)_____ as one of the world's lending conservationists, many British people still think of him as an(44)_____ person who talks to plants. This year, as it happens, South Korean scientists proved that plants really do(45)_____ to round. So Charles was ahead of the game there, too. A.conform B.eccentric C.environmentalist D.expeditions E.impact F.notions anic H.originally I.recognition J.respond K.subordinate L.suppressing M.throne N.unnaturally O.urging Section B Directions: In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. High School Sports Aren’t Kil ling Academics -School Sports,” Amanda A)In this month’s Atlantic cover article, “The Case Against HighRipley argues that school-sponsored sports programs should be seriously cut. She writes that, unlike most countries that outperform the United States on international assessments, American schools put too much of an emphasis on athletics, “ Sports are embedded in American schools in a way they are not almost anywhere else,” she writes, “Yet this difference hardly ever comes up in domestic debates about Ame rica’s international mediocrity(平庸平庸)in education.”B)American student-athletes reap many benefits from participating in sports, but the costs to the schools could outweigh their benefits, she argues, In particular, Ripley contends that sports crowd out the academic missions of schools: America should learn from South Korea and Finland and every other country at the top level of international test scores, all of whom emphasize twice the time athletics far less in school. ”Even in eighth grade, American kids spend more than Korean kids spend playing sports,” she writes, citing a 2010 study published in the Journal of Advanced Academics. C)It might well be true that sports are far more rooted in American high schools than in other countries. But our reading of international test scores finds no support for the argument against school athletics. Indeed, our own research and that of others lead us to make the opposite case. School-sponsored sports appear to provide benefits that seem to increase, not detract(减少)from, academic success. D)Ripley indulges a popular obsession(痴迷)with international test score comparisons, which show wide and frightening gaps between the United States and other countries. She ignores, however, the fact that states vary at least as much in test scores as do developed countries. A 2011 report from Harvard University shows that Massachusetts produces math scores comparable to South Korea and Finland, while Mississippi scores are closer to Trinidad and Tobago. Ripley’s thesis about sports falls apart in light of this fact. Schools in Massachusetts provide sports programs while schools in Finland do not. Schools in Mississippi may love football while in Tobago interscholastic sports are nowhere near as prominent. Sports cannot explain these simi similarities in performance. They can’t explain international differences rities in performance. They can’t explain international differences either. E)If it is true that sports undermine the academic mission of American schools, we would expect to see a negative relationship between the commitment to athletics and academic ac achievement. However, the University of Arkansas’s Daniel Bowen and Jay Greene actually find hievement. However, the University of Arkansas’s Daniel Bowen and Jay Greene actually find the opposite. They examine this relationship by analyzing schools’ sports winning percentages as well as student-athletic participation rates compared to graduation rates and standardized test score achievement over a five-year period for all public high schools in Ohio. Controlling for student poverty levels, demographics(人口统计状况人口统计状况), and district financial resources, both measures of a school’s commitment to athletics a re significantly and positively related to lower dropout rates as well as higher test scores. F)On-the-field success and high participation in sports is not random-it requires focus and dedication to athletics. One might think this would lead schools obsessed with winning to deemphasize academics. Bowen and Greene’s results contradict that argument. A likely explanation for this seemingly counterintuitive(与直觉相反的)result is that success in sports programs actually facilitates or reflects greater social c apital within a school’s community.G)Ripley cites the writings of renowned sociologist James Coleman, whose research in education was groundbreaking. Coleman in his early work held athletics in contempt, arguing that they crowded out schools’ academic mis sions. Ripley quotes his 1961 study, The Adolescent Society, where Coleman writes, “Altogether, the trophy(奖品)case would suggest to the innocent visitor that he was entering an athletic club, not an educational institution.”H)However, in later research Coleman would show how the success of schools is highly dependent on what he termed social capital, “the social networks, and the relationships between adults and children that are of value for the child’s growing up.”I)According to a 2013 evaluation conducted by the Crime Lab at the University of Chicago, a program called Becoming a Man-Sports Edition creates lasting improvements in the boys’ study habits and grade point averages. During the first year of the program, students were founds to be less likely to transfer schools or be engaged in violent crime. A year after the program, participants were less likely to have had an encounter with the juvenile justice system. J)If school-sponsored sports were completely eliminated tomorrow, many American students would still have opportunities to participate in organized athletics elsewhere, much like they do in countries such as Finland, Germany, and South Korea. The same is not certain when it comes to students from more disadvantaged backgrounds. In an overview of the research on non-school based after-school programs, researchers find that disadvantaged children participate in these programs at significantly lower rates. They find that low-income students have less access due to challenges with regard to transportation, non-nominal fees, and off-campus safety. Therefore, reducing or eliminating these opportunities would most likely deprive disadvantaged students of the benefits from athletic participation, not least of which is the opportunity to interact with positive role models outside of regular school hours. K)Another unfounded criticism that Ripley makes is bringing up the stereotype that athletic XX are typically lousy(蹩脚的)classroom teachers. “American principals, unlike the XX XX of principals around the world, make many hiring decisions with their sports teams in mind, which does not always end well for students,” she writes. Educators who seek employment at schools primarily for the purpose of coaching are likely to shirk(推卸)teaching responsibilities, the argument goes. Moreover, even in the cases where the employee is a teacher first and athletic coach second, the additional responsibilities that come with coaching likely comes at the expense of time otherwise spent on planning, grading, and communicating with parents and guardians. L)The data, however, do not seem to confirm this stereotype. In the most rigorous study on the classroom results of high school coaches, the University of Arkansas’s Anna Egalite finds that athletic coaches in Florida mostly tend to perform just as well as their non-coaching counterparts, with respect to raising student test scores. We do not doubt that teachers who also coach face serious tradeoffs that likely come at the expense of time they could dedicate to their academic obligations. However, as with sporting events, athletic coaches gain additional opportunities for communicating and serving as mentors(导师)that potentially help students succeed and make up for the costs of coaching commitments. M)If schools allow student-athletes to regularly miss out on instructional time for the sake of traveling to athletic competitions, that’s bad. However, such issues would be better addressed by changing school and state policies with regard to the scheduling of sporting events as opposed to total elimination. If the empirical evidence points to anything, it points towards school sponsored sports providing assets that are well worth the costs. N)Despite negative stereotypes about sports culture and Ripley’s presumption that academics and athletics are at odds with one another, we believe that the greater body of evidence shows that school-sponsored sports programs appear to benefit students. Successes on the playing field can carry over to the classroom and vice versa(反之亦然). More importantly, finding ways to increase school communities’ social capital is imperative to the success of the school as whole, not just the athletes. 46.Stunets from low-income families have less access to off-campus sports programs. 47.Amanda Ripley argues that America should learn from other countries that rank high in international tests and lay less emphasis on athletics. 48.According to the author, Amanda Ripley fails to note that students’students’' performance in exams ' performance in exams varies from state to state. 49.Amanda Ripley thinks that athletic coaches are poor at classroom instruction. 50.James Coleman's later research make an argument for a school's social capital. 51.Reaearchers find that there is a positive relationship between a school's commitment to athletics and academic achievements. 52.Aa rigorous study finds that athletic coaches also do well in raising students' test scores. 53.According to an evaluation, programs contribute to students' academic performance and character building. 54.Amanda Ripley believes the emphasis on school sports should be brought up when trying to understand why American students are mediocre. 55.James Coleman suggests in his earlier writings that school athletics would undermine a school's image. Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. Passage one It is easy to miss amid the day-to-day headlines of global economic recession, but there is a less conspicuous kind of social upheaval(剧变)underway that is fast altering both the face of the planet and the way human beings live. That change is the rapid acceleration of urbanization. In 2008, for the first time in human history, more than half the world’s population was living in towns and cities. And as a recently published paper shows, the process of urbanization will only accelerate in the decades to come —with an enormous impact on biodiversity and potentially on climate change. As Karen Seto, the led author of the paper, points out, the wave of urbanization isn’t just about the migration of people into urban environments, but about the environments themselves becoming bigger to accommodate all those people. The rapid expansion of urban areas will have a huge impact on biodiversity hotspots and on carbon emissions in those urban areas. Humans are the ultimate invasive species —when the move into new territory, the often displace the wildlife that was already living there. And as land is cleared for those new cities —especially in the dense tropical forests —carbon will be released into the atmosphere as well. It’s true that as people in developing nations move from the countryside to the city, the shift may reduce the pressure on land, which could in turn be good for the environment. This is especially so in desperately poor countries, where residents in the countryside slash and burn forests each growing season to clear space for farming. But the real difference is that in developing nations, the move from rural areas to cities often leads to an accompanying increase in income — and that increase leads to an increase in the consumption of food and energy, which in turn causes a rise in carbon emissions. Getting enough to eat and enjoying the safety and comfort of living fully on the — but it does carry an environmental price. The urbanization wave grid is certainly a good thing can’t be stopped —and it shouldn’t be. But Seto’s paper does underscore the importance of managing that transition. If we do it the right way, we can reduce urbanization’s impact on the  pressure and responsibility to environment. “There’s an enormous opportunity here, and a lot ofthink about how we urbanize,” says Seto. “One thing that’s clear is that we can’t build cities the way we have over the last couple of hundred years. The scale of this transition won’t allow that.” We’re headed towards an ur ban planet no matter what, but whether it becomes heaven or hell is up to us. 56. What issue does the author try to draw people’s attention to?A. The shrinking biodiversity worldwide. B. The rapid increase of world population. C. The ongoing global economic recession. D. The impact of accelerating urbanization. 57. In what sense are humans the ultimate invasive species? A. They are much greedier than other species. B. They are a unique species born to conquer. C. They force other species out of their territories. D. They have an urge to expand their living space. 58. In what way is urbanization in poor countries good for the environment? A. More land will be preserved for wildlife. B. The pressure on farmland will be lessened. C. Carbon emissions will be considerably reduced. D. Natural resources will be used more effectively. 59. What does the author say about living comfortably in the city? A. It incurs a high environmental price. B. It brings poverty and insecurity to an end. ge in people’s lifestyle.C. It causes a big chanD. It narrows the gap between city and country. 60. What can be done to minimize the negative impact of urbanization according to Seto? A. Slowing down the speed of transition. B. Innovative use of advanced technology. C. Appropriate management of the process. D. Enhancing people’s sense of responsibility.Passage Two When Harvard student Mark Zuckerberg launched  in Feb. 2004, even he could not imagine the forces it would let loose. His intent was to connect college students. Facebook, which is what this website rapidly evolved into, ended up connecting the world. To the children of this connected era, the world is one giant social network. They are not — by what they were taught. They are only bound — as were previous generations of humans limited by their curiosity and ambition. During my childhood, all knowledge was local. You learned everything you knew from your parents, teachers, preachers, and friends. quality and timely information at their fingertips, today’s children are rising With the high-q uality and timely information at their fingertips, today’s children are rising normally tame middle class is speaking up against social ills. Silicon Valley executives are being shamed into adding women to their boards. Political leaders are marshalling the energy of millions for elections and political causes. All of this is being done with social media technologies that Facebook and its competitors set free. As does every advancing technology, social media has created many new problems. It is commonly addictive and creates risks for younger users. Social media is used by extremists in the Middle East and elsewhere to seek and brainwash recruits. And it exposes us and our friends to disagreeable spying. We may leave our lights on in the house when we are on vacation, but through social media we tell criminals exactly where we are, when we plan to return home, and how to blackmail(敲诈) us. Governments don’t need informers any more. Social media allows government agencies to spy on their own citizens. We record our thoughts, emotions, likes and dislikes on Facebook; we share our political views, social preferences, and plans. We post intimate photographs of ourselves. No spy agency or criminal organization could actively gather the type of data that we voluntarily post for them. The marketers are also seeing big opportunities. Amazon is trying to predict what we will order. Google is trying to judge our needs and wants based on our social-media profiles. We need to be aware of the risks and keep working to alleviate the dangers. Regardless of what social media people use, one thing is certain: we are in a period of accelerating change. The next decade will be even more amazing and unpredictable than the last. Just as no one could predict what would happen with social media in the last decade, no one can accurately predict where this technology will take us. I am optimistic, however, that a connected humanity will find a way to uplift itself. 61. What was the purpose of Facebook when it was first created? A. To help students connect with the outside world. B. To bring university students into closer contact. C. To help students learn to live in a connected era. D. To combine the world into an integral whole. 62. What difference does social media make to learning? A. Local knowledge and global knowledge will merge. B. Student will become more curious and ambitious. C. People are able to learn wherever they travel. D. Sources of information are greatly expanded. 63. What is the author’s greatest concern with social media technology?A. Individuals and organizations may use it for evil purposes. B. Government will find it hard to protect classified information. C. People may disclose their friends’ information unintentionally.D. People’s attention will be easily distractedfrom their work in hand. 64. What do businesses use social media for? A. Creating a good corporate image. B. Conducting large-scale market surveys. C. Anticipating the needs of customers. D. Minimizing possible risks and dangers. 65. What does the author think of social media as a whole? A. It will enable human society to advance at a faster pace. B. It will pose a grave threat to our traditional ways of life. C. It is bound to bring about another information revolution. D. It breaks down the final barriers in human communication. Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 翻译题一：自从1978年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转为以市场为基础的经济，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标Ⅱ卷英语本试卷分第I卷〔选择题〕和第II卷〔非选择题〕两局部。

考试完毕后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。

考前须知：1．答第I卷前考生务必将自己的、号填写在答题卡上。

2．选出每题答案前，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号框,不能答在本试卷上，否那么无效。

第I卷第一局部：听力〔共两节，总分值30分〕第二局部阅读理解〔共两节，总分值40分〕第一节(共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最正确选项。

并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

AArriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was tryin g to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can〔垃圾桶〕that had been left out on the footpath.My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.1.What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?A. Go shoppingB. Find a houseC. Join his familyD. Take a vacation2.The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from.A. a friend of his familyB. a Sydney policemanC. a letter in his papersD. a stranger in Sydney3.What does the underlined word “restored〞in the last paragraph mean?A. ShowedB. Sent outC. DeliveredD. Gave back4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. From India to Australia.B. Living in a New Country.C. Turning Trash to Treasure.D. In Search of New Friends.BSince the first Earth Day in 1970, American have gotten a lot “greener〞toward the environment. “We didn’t know at that time that there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,〞says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many, many times,〞says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day.According to US government reports, emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 million tons. The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and health ier place. A kind of “green thinking〞has become part of practices.Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twenty–five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, it’s hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program.〞Until we do that, nothing else will change! 〞say Bruce Anderson.5.According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about .A. the social movementB. recycling techniquesC. environmental problemsD. the importance of Earth Day6.Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A. The grass–roots levelB. The business circleC. Government officialsD. University professors7.What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?A. They have cut car emissions to the lowestB. They have settled their environmental problemsC. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D. They have reduced pollution through effective measures.8.What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?A. EducationB. PlanningC. Green livingD. CO reductionCOne of the latest trend〔趋势〕in American childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stanford, for example, has got increasing numbers of requests for Chinese au pairs from zero to around 4,000 since 2004. An d that’s true all across the country.“I thought it would be useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age〞Joseph Stocke, the managing director of a company, says of his 2-year old son. “I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language i n the future,〞After only six months of being cared by a 25-year-old woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says.Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband, had another reason for looking for an au pair from China. She didn’t want her children to miss out on their roots. “Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to (接触) the language and culture.〞she says.“Staying with a native s peaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom,〞says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of children. “But parents must understand that just one year with au pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.〞The popularity of au pairs from China has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.9.What does that term “au pair〞in the text mean?A. A mother raising her children on her own.B. A child learning a foreign language at home.C. A professor in language education of children.D. A young foreign woman taking care of children.10.Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them .A. to live in China some day.B. to speak the language at home.C. to catch up with other children.D. to learn about the Chinese culture.11.What can we infer from the text?A. Learning Chinese is becoming popular in America.B. Educated woman do better in looking after children.C. Chinese au pairs need to improve their English skills.D. Children can learn a foreign language well in six months.DMetro Pocket GuideMetrorail (地铁)Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.Farecard machines are in every station. Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $5 in change.Get one ticket of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.Hours of serviceOpen: 5 a.m. Mon.-Fri. 7 a.m. Sat.-Sun.Close: midnight Sun.-Thurs. 3a.m.Fri-Sat.nightsLast train times vary, To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations.MetrobusWhen paying with exact change, the fare is $1.35. When paying with a SmarTrip○R card, the fare is $1.25.Fares for senior/disabled customersSenior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/ disabled farecard or SmarTrip○R card. For more information about buying senior/ disabled farecards, SmarTrip○R cards and passes, please visit MetroOpensDoors. or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100.Travel tips (提示)·Avoid riding during weekday rush periods – before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m.·If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195.12.What should you know about farecard machines?A. They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m.B. They are connected to change machines.C. They offer special service to the elderly.D. They make change for no more than $5.13.At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?A. At midnight.B. At 3 a.m.C. At 5 a.m.D. At 7 p.m.14.What is good about a SmarTrip○R card?A. It is convenient for old people.B. It serves money for its users.C. It can be bought at any time.D. It is sold on the Internet.15.Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?A. 202-962-1195B. 202-962-1100C. 202-637-7000D. 202-637-8000第二节〔共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分〕根据短文容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。

北航14年12月课程考试《大学英语2》考核要求一、单选题（共20 道试题，共40 分。

）1. I’d have come with you（）I am so busy.A. but forB. provided thatC. except thatD. so long as正确答案：C 满分：2 分2. （）to work, I met my old friend.A. By the wayB. On the wayC. Using the wayD. In my way正确答案：B 满分：2 分3. As a result of careless washing, the jacket（）to a child’s size.A. contractedB. compressedC. shrankD. decreased正确答案：C 满分：2 分4. For the good of both parties, the discussion soon struck the real（）.A. dificultyB. questionC. issueD. consideration正确答案：C 满分：2 分5. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on （）.A. consciousnessB. impulseC. instinctD. response正确答案：C 满分：2 分6. Franklin’s ability to learn from observations and experience（）greatly to his success in public life.A. contributedB. owedC. attributedD. related正确答案：A 满分：2 分7. I think the chief thing that（）me about Mr.Bush was his kindness and humor.A. hitB. stuck。

2014年12月四级真题(第2套)Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a course that has impressed you most in college.You should state the reasons and write at least 120words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part II Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 longconversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions willbe asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions willbe spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During thepause,you must read the four choices marked A,B,C and D,and decidewhich is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the center.（扫码在考试栏下载英语四级听力app收听语音）注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

北京城市学院学位英语考试题库2014级本科大学英语2卷答案及评分标准-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Part I Listening Comprehension（共35分）Section A: Pronunciation and Intonation（每小题0.5分，共5分）1-5 BBABA 6-10 ABAAASection B: Listening Strategy（每小题1分，共10分）11.grammar 12. native 13. confused 14. worthwhile 15. end16. solutions 17. popular 18. economic 19. best 20. rescued Section C: Long Conversations（每小题1分，共10分）Conversation 121-25 ACCBAConversation 226-30 TFTTFSection D: Spot Dictation（每空1分，共10分）31. means 32. easier 33. known 34. offers 35. major36. information 37. viewed 38. especially 39. focus 40. successPart II Vocabulary（共15分）Section A: Multiple Choice（每小题0.5分，共10分）41-45 ABACD 46-50 CAABB 51-55 BCDDB 56-60 CADDA Section B: Banked Cloze（每小题0.5分，共5分）61-65 CBJHI 66-70 DEAFGPart III Reading Comprehension（共30分）Section A: Timed Reading（每小题1分，共10分）71-75 CDACA 76-80 BCCDBSection B: Reading in Depth（每小题2分，共20分）81-85 BACDA 86-90 CBACAPart IV Translation（每小题1分，共10分）91.增加体重to gain weight92.达到我的目标to accomplish my goal93.有天赋的音乐家 a gifted musician94.同卵双胞胎identical twins95.一项值得的投资 a worthwhile investment96.追求事业to pursue careers97.把手伸进口袋里to reach into one’s pocket98.照顾患病的孩子to care for sick children99.在当今社会in today’s society100. 应邀去用餐to be invited to dinePart V Writing（共10分）Open Answer。