日语中级口译笔试 日译中

2014年3月中级口译笔试考试真题SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (45 minutes)Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the bla nks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write youranswer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Good after noon, folks. Today ' s topic is “ Try Jogg ing for Fit ness ” . When we run for fitn ess, exercise, and pleasure, it is com monly called jogg ing. Joggi ng (1) in recent years. The popularity of joggi ng today stems from (2). First, joggi ng is one of the most efficie nt forms of exercise. As a rule, a pers on joggi ng (3) more calories per minute tha n in most other sports. Runnin g, like bik ing, swimming and (4), is an aerobic exercise. Such an exercise uses a great deal of oxygen. In additi on, it in creases (5).Aerobic exercise strengthens the heart muscle so that it (6). This kind of exercise is also one of the best ways to improve our general health and (7) of our lungs. Jogging is also popular because almost every one of us (8). Jogging is an activity that doesn ' require (9) or special coord in ati on. Joggi ng is (10). Fin ally, it can be done alone, with ano ther pers on, or in a group.For anyone who runs more than (11) a week, it is important to have good running shoes. Tennis shoes or sneakers won ' t do. Running produces stress that is (12) than the stress of walking.With this added stress to (13), we n eed good shoes. The shoes should be replaced whe n they (14) or worn unevenly. Cold weather poses few problems for us joggers. The main hazard in (15) is slipp ing on ice or snow. There is no dan ger of freez ing our lun gs, because our body (16) before it reaches our lun gs. In win ter we should be sure to (17) and keep our feet as dry and warm as possible. It ' s best to wear (18). In summer, we must be careful not to dry out. So it is important for us to (19) on hot, humid days. The best summer wear is loose fitting and (20).Part B: Listening Comprehension1. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short stateme nts. These stateme nts will be spokenONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the correspo ndi ng space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1. (A) Let ' s call it a day ancbictinue our talk tomorrow.(B) I ' m hungry now. Can we discuss it after the dinner?(C) I wish we could reach an agreeme nt tomorrow morni ng.(D) Let me remind you that we should sig n it as soon as possible.2. (A) Weather is difficult to forecast.(B) The heat wave is about to end.(C) I didn ' t hear the weather forecast for today.(D) It ' s going to be quite hot these days.3. (A) Peter barely un dersta nds what he hears.(B) Peter seldom thinks about his own acti ons.(C) Peter usually does n' t finish what he starts.(D) Peter gen erally does n ' t tolerate others ' ideas.4. (A) Many city cen ters in Europe are accessible to pedestria ns only.(B) Many cities in Europe are too crowded with people to allow access for cars.(C) Many tourists visit ing Europe find it difficult to rent a sec on d-ha nd car.(D) Many local reside nts in Europea n cities support a ban on cars in city cen ters5. (A) Lawyers are the most afflue nt of all professi on als.(B) Lawyers are always awkward and come to no avail in a suicidal case.(C) Lawyers are more likely to become depressed and commit suicide.(D) Lawyers are like actors or actresses who have to put up a show on the stage.6. (A) Most people take medicine when they have a pain in their brain.(B) Most headaches are symptoms of ailme nts outside the brai n.(C) It is found that storytelling can make your headaches less painful.(D) If you hurt other parts of your body, you will feel the pain in your brain.7. (A) For Ian guage learners, the Internet environment lacks real-life social factors.(B) Lear ning a Ian guage through the Internet may produce remarkable effects.(C) Lan guage lear ners can use the Ian guage appropriately in the Internet environment.(D) Lear ning to protect our en viro nment is beco ming an intern ati onal issue for mankind.8. A) Recent statistics show that America n wome n spe nd one third of their in come on food.(B) America n wome n are more likely to go and dine in restaura nts or fast-food shops.(C) Nowadays one in every three America ns prefers to eat in restaura nts or fast-food(D) Today more America ns dine out because they have more jobs and more mon ey.9. (A) Primary school pupils are likely to become good friends for life.(B) Roommate arrangements often don ' t work out even for intimate friends.(C) Liv ing un der one roof for a Ion ger period of time brings about a close frien dship.(D) Most people don ' t believe in “ A friend in n eed is a friend in deed ”.10. (A) Work has now become a major socializi ng in flue nce for wome n.(B) Wome n can enjoy their new lifestyles by tak ing care of small childre n.(C) Most mothers with childre n quit their jobs to become full-time housewives.(D) There is little cha nce for wome n to be prese nted fairly in this com muni ty.2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. Aftereach of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk orconversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best an swer to that questi on. Then write the letter of the an swer you have chosen in the correspo ndi ng space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11—1411. (A) A gift.(B) A picture.(C) A file.(D) Some mon ey.12. (A) The acco un ti ng office.(B) The vice- preside nt ' s office.(C) Jack.(D) Mrs Carter.13. (A) It is to be sig ned by the preside nt himself.(B) It is from the executive vice- preside nt ' s office.(C) It is about changes in the accounting procedures.(D) It is to be tran sferred to the acco unting office at on ce.14. (A) Go to the executive ' s office.(B) Hand in his resig natio n.(C) Look through the woman ' s files.(D) Ask some one for help.Questions 15—1815. (A) Work ing in a travel age ncy.(B) Organizing a BBQ party.(C) Teach ing En glish to Chin ese stude nts.(D) Lear ning Chin ese.16. (A) Cats.(B) Dogs(C) Cows.(D) Birds.17. (A) Because they could get some food.(B) Because they are frien dly.(C) Because they n eed compa ny.(D) Because they want to be protected.18. (A) Sacred ibis.(B) Black crows.(C) White parrots.(D) Colorful parakeets.Questions 19— 2219. (A) Physics.(B) Calculus.(C) Compositi on.(D) Biology.20. (A) He is lazy.(B) He is bori ng.(C) He is won derful.(D) He is humorous.21. (A) He is able to save a lot of money from it.(B) It pays well and the hours are flexible.(C) It is interesting and the pay is good.(D) His co-workers are congenial and cooperative.22. (A) To attempt to transfer to Professor Atkins ' class.(B) To cut back on his classes.(C) To get a job at the library shelvi ng books.(D) To drop his Acco un ti ng course.Questions 23— 2623. (A) Bow and keep your eye on the bus in ess card.(B) Take it on e-ha ndedly and stuff it in a pocket.(C) Use two hands and study the card carefully.(D) Read it aloud to show your attention and respect.24. (A) Because he prese nted gifts in sets of fours to the Japa nese bus in essme n.(B) Because he failed to pay due atte nti on to the Japa nese bus in essme n ' s cards.(C) Because his bus in ess card was not treated respectfully by the Japa nese bus in essme n.(D) Because his bus in ess card had some errors which were discovered by the Japa nese bus in essme n.25. (A) Chi na.(B) America.(C) Ho nduras.(D) In dia.26. (A) Native pottery.(B) Maple syrup.(C) Toy clocks.(D) Amish han dicrafts.Questions 27—3027. (A) Light Engin eer.(B) Pers onnel Man ager.(C) Chemistry An alyst.(D) News Editor.28. (A) In a Lon don firm.(B) In a chemical compa ny.(C) At Leeds Lighti ng Factory.(D) At Yorkshire Engin eeri ng.29. (A) He is the Perso nnel Man ager.(B) He is slow to resp ond to new ideas.(C) He gets along well with his colleagues.(D) He moves with the times.30. (A) He ' d like more scope for putting new ideas into practice.(B) He ' d love to work for some one who is un dersta nding.(C) He longs for work and en terta inment in the capital.(D) He is offered a much higher pay for the job.Part C: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in En glish. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, tran slate it into Chin ese and write your version in the corresp onding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)2. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresp onding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take no tes while you are liste ning.(1)(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLSDirections: In this sect ion, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each questio n. An swer all the questi ons follow ing each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the an swer you have chose n in the corresp onding space in yourANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1—5The first permanent shelters were probably built twenty or forty thousand years ago by fish-eating people who lived in the places as long as the fish supply lasted. Fish-eaters could stay in one place for several years. However, once man lear ned to farm, he could live Ion ger in one place. Thus, he was able to build a permanent home. Once again, he built his home with the materials he found at hand. In Egypt, for example, wood was scarce, so most houses were built of bricks made of dried mud, with a roof supported by tree trun ks.When the Norseme n came from Scandin avia to n orther n Europe, they found many forests, so they built homes with a framework of heavy tree trunks and then filled the space between the trunks with clay. The Eskimos, on the other han d, lived in a land where there was little or no wood. They learned to adapt their homes perfectly to theirsurroundings. In the wintertime, when everything was covered with snow and ice, the Eskimos built their homes with blocks of ice. When the warm weather came and melted the ice, the Eskimos lived in a tent made of animal ski ns.The weather is man ' s worst natural enemy. He has to protect himself from extremes of heat and cold and from storms, wind and rain. Where there are torre ntial rains, houses are either built on piles to keep them off the ground, or they have steep thatched roofs to drain off the rain. People living in the Congo River region have found that steep, heavily-thatched roofs drain off the jungle rains more quickly.Protect ion from dan ger has also in flue need the type of house man builds. When en emies threate ned him, man made his house as in accessible as possible. The tree-dwellers of the Philipp ines protect themselves by livi ng high above the ground. Whe n dan ger threate ns, they remove the ladders leading to their homes. The cliff dwellers of the American Southwest built their homes high up on the sides of cliffs, where access was very difficult.Nomad tribes must move from place to place, tak ing care of flocks of sheep that are always in n eed of fresh grass. Their houses must be simple and easy to tran sport. The no mads of cen tral Asia have developed a house made of a framework of poles covered with felt. The house is round because the framework is curved, and there is a hole at the top to let the smoke out.1. Accord ing to the passage, the Norseme n who came to n orther n Europe built their houseswith _________ .(A) rocks and wood(B) wood and clay(C) woode n roofs and stone walls(D) woode n walls and thatched roofs2. Man ' s mosu rgent n eed in buildi ng a house is protect ion from ______ .(A) en emies(B) floods(C) earthquakes(D) the weather3. The passage suggests that a house with a steep sloping roof is more likely to befound _________ .(A) in a wi ndy country(B) in a rainy country(C) n ear the coast(D) in the desert4. Whe n dan ger threate ns, the tree-dwellers of the Philipp ines ______ .(A) take away their ladders(B) bombard the en emy from above(C) pull up the bridge over their moat(D) wind up the ropes leadi ng to their homes5. Accord ing to the passage, the no mad tribes of cen tral Asia live in _______ .(A) ten ts(B) tree houses(C) small houses of clay(D) round houses of felt【参考答案】1.B 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.DQuestions 6—10Emma Way did not become a figure of con tempt for British cyclists because she nu dged Toby Hockley off his bicycle and into a hedge as she drove past him on a country lane on May 19. No, she achieved that in famy by con fess ing to her crime on li ne. cked “(DEf i sttef knohis bike earlier, ” Way, 22, tweeted after the collisi on that left Hockley, 29, with a bruised bodyand the status of a martyr for Britain ' s cyclists. " Ihavteeiglnt of wayen pay ro—tax! ” She ended with a hashtag popuwrth tweeting British motorists: #bloodycyclists.It was the tweet heard around the roads of Britain and it resulted in Way ' s being convicted in November of drivi ng offen ses, los ing her job as a trainee acco untant and ack no wledg ing in court that the comme nt rated "11 out of 10 ” on the stupidity scale. In an in terview on n ati onal televisi on after her conviction, she no ted that since the story broke, she had bee n cyberbullied and had received "malicious com muni cati ons. ” What she did not say was thaorhefwialsnock ingHockley, a chef, off his bike. " I was quite angry at the mannerism of the cyclist on the roadsaid. " My point of view is that he was on my side of the road that ' s not the wa—you drive. ”Way to stoke the fire, Ms. Way. By continuing to pin the blame for the incident on the cyclist, the young driver fell further into an already con siderable chasm that divides moder n Brita in. The BBC last year featured an hourl ong docume ntary —with lots of footage of ragi ng cyclists and cab drivers ——whose title explained the situation succinctly: War on Britain ' s Roads.It wasn' tentirely an exaggeration: people are dying in this conflict between cyclists and drivers. London in November seemed like a particularly dangerous place for the two-wheeled combatants. Six cyclists were killed in less than two weeks, a mounting toll chronicled in increasingly mournful headlines. Six in a few days is a lot; the total killed this year in Britain capital is 14. The deaths sparked a bout of public recrim in atio n. When London ' Mayor Boris Johnson, himself a cyclist, appeared less than sympathetic after the fifth death — he told a radio host that some of the dead cyclists " have take n decisi ons that really did put their lives in dan ger —he was tran sformed from cycli ng champi on to heartless pro-car politicia n and joined Way as a target of the particularly passi on ate fury that cyclists can muster.s bicyclistsThe an ger has become political in Brita in, as it has in many coun tries whose gover nmentsencourage citizens to cycle rather than drive to work, to lessen the impact on the environment and on traffic. Johnson has arguably done more than any previous politician for London cyclists, establishing a $1.6 billion fund to makecycling safer in the city and appointing London ' first cycli ng commissi oner. Even though the nu mber of cyclist deaths in London has bee n dropp ing steadily in the past two decades, the dema nd from cyclists for the city to adapt grows as the nu mber of bikes on the road grows. As does the particularly passi on ate fury that cyclists can muster.Whether or not Johnson is right that some of the cyclists who died recently were breaking the law, all of us makea very personal decision about risking our lives by getting on our bikes. And we should know that when we ignore red lights to get ahead of the traffic, or get too close to trucks or buses because we feel it 'our right to be there, then we are making a mistake even dumber than Emma Way 'tweet. In the war of the cyclist vs. the driver, the driver will nearly always come out alive. Less so the cyclist.6. According to the passage, who had been cyberbullied and had received malicious com muni cati ons?(A) Toby Hockley.(B) Boris Joh nson.(C) Emma Way.(D) A cycli ng commissi oner.7. Which of the following statements is NOT true in the conflict between cyclists and drivers?(A) London seemed like a particularly dan gerous place for the cyclists.(B) 14 cyclists were killed in less than two weeks in London.(C) The deaths of cyclists sparked a bout of public recrim in ati on.(D) People are dying in this conflict between cyclists and drivers.8. London ' s Mayor has established a $1.6 billion fund ________ .(A) to en courage citize ns to cycle to work(B) to build more bike lanes in London(C) to lessen the impact on the environment(D) to make cycli ng safer in London9. Accord ing to the passage, a rash of accide nts in volvi ng cars has made London (A) outraged(B) alarmed(C) cautious(D) cyberbullied10. What would be the best title for this passage?(A) Cycle rather than Drive to Work(B) Watch your Cycli ng Manners(C) Pedal at Your Own Peril(D) Lesse n the Impact on Traffic【参考答案】6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.CQuestions 11—15Educators have known for 30 years that students perform better when given one-on-one tutoring and mastery learning — working on a subject until it is mastered, not just until a test is scheduled. Success also requires motivatio n, whether from an inner drive or from pare nts, men tors or peers.Will the rise of massive ope n on li ne courses (MOOCs) quash these success factors? Not at all. In fact, digital tools offer our best path to cost-effective, pers on alized lear nin g. I know because I have taught both ways. For years Sebastian Thrun and I have given artificial-intelligence courses at Sta nford Uni versity and other schools; we lectured, assig ned homework and gave every one the same exam at the same time. Each semester just 5 to 10 perce nt of stude nts regularly en gaged in deep discussi ons in class or office hours; the rest were more passive. We felt there had to be a better way.So, in the fall of 2011, we tried something new. In addition to our traditional classroom, we created a free online course open to anyone. On our first try, we attracted a city 'worth of participa nts —about 100,000 en gaged with the course, and 23,000 fini shed.In spired by Nobel laureate Herbert Simon' scomme nt that “ learnin gresults from what the student does and thinks and only from what the student does and thinks, we created a course centered on the students doing things and getting frequent feedback. Our a lectures were short (two- to six-minute) videos designed to prime the attendees for doing the next exercise. Some problems required the applicati on of mathematical tech niq ues described in the videos. Others were ope n-en ded questio ns that gave stude nts a cha nce to thi nk on their own and the n to hash out ideas in on li ne discussi on forums.Our scheme to help make learning happen actively, rather than passively, created many ben efits akin to tutori ng — and helped to in crease motivatio n. First, as show n in a 2013 study in the Proceedi ngs of the Nati onal Academy of Scie nces USA, freque nt in teract ions keep atte ntio n from wandering. Second, as William B. Wood and Kimberly D. Tanner describe in a 2012 Life Scien ces Educati on paper, lear ning is enhan ced whe n stude nts work to con struct their own explanations, rather than passively listening to the teacher ' That is why a properly designed automated in tellige nt tutori ng system can foster lear ning outcomes as well as huma n in structors can, as Kurt van Leh n found in a 2011 meta-a nalysis in Educati onal Psychologist.A final key advantage was the rapid improvement of the course itself. We analyzed the jun ctures where our thousa nds of stude nts succeeded or failed and found where our course n eeded fine-tuning. Better still, we could capture this information on an hour-by-hour basis. For our class, huma n teachers an alyzed the data, but an artificial-in tellige nce system could perform this fun ctio n and the n make recomme ndatio ns for what a pupil could try next to improve —as on li ne shopp ing 精品文档sites today make automated recomme ndati ons for what book or movie you might enjoy. On li ne learning is a tool, just as the textbook is a tool. The way the teacher and the stude nt use the tool is what really coun ts.11. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Different sources of motivation for students ' success.(B) Effective one-on-one tutori ng and mastery lear ning.(C) Person alized massive ope n on li ne courses for stude nts.(D) Con siderable improveme nt of the college courses.12. The word “quash” ( para. 2) is closest in meaning to _____ .(A) inten sify(B) in spire(C) cancel(D) disco unt13. When the author and his colleague offered their first on li ne course ____ .(A) it attracted about 100,000 city reside nts to study(B) it created a climate of passivity for in troverted stude nts(C) it was desig ned for both stude nts and work ing adults(D) it was atte nded by a great nu mber of stude nts14. The “lectures ” in the MOOCs are meant for the students to _______ .(A) do and think actively on their own(B) make up for what they miss in classrooms(C) get freque nt feedback from men tors and peers(D) focus on what they n eed most15. One way on li ne courses are similar to on li ne shopp ing sites is that __ .(A) they make recomme ndati ons for what users do n ext(B) they function automatically for thousa nds of young stude nts(C) they are a boon to computer-savvy stude nts and shoppers(D) they update their contents on an hour-by-hour basis【参考答案】11.C 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.AQuestions 16— 20Most people have see n bullies in acti on, mak ing life miserable for others. Their targets ofte n escape the intimidation relatively unharmed, but sometimes it is too much to bear. That can be true whether the victim is a 12-year-old girl or a 136-kilogram American football player.A member of the Miami Dolph ins left the Nati onal Football League team recen tly because hewas repeatedly in sulted and threate ned by a teammate, Richie In cog nito. Many fans were disgusted by details of In cog nito's expletive-filled voice mail and text messages, while others defe nded his behavior as a n atural part of a rough-a nd-tumble sport.Some people are ast oni shed that Jon atha n Martin, who is 1.95 meters tall, “ could actually be the colu mnist Timothy Egan wrote recen tly in emoti on ally damaged by taunts from a teammate,The Times. “ Can you possibly hurt a hulk with words? ” Based on his own experie nee play ing football in high school, Mr. Egan argues that you can. He was smaller than the other guys and had a big, unruly head of hair that made him stand out. His teammates taunted him. “ Did it hurt?did, ” he wrote. "I knew very well what it felt like to give so much to a game and have people who were part of it, his teammates, hurt him. ”Bullies aren' all men. The Times reported recently that scientists had made big strides in understanding aggression by young women. “Theexistenee of female competition may seem obvious to anyone who has bee n in a high school cafeteria or sin gles bar, ” Joh n Tierney wro' “ but an alyz ing it has bee n difficult because it tends to be more subtle and in direct (a nd a lot lessviole n t) tha n the male variety. ”Researchers found that women were more likely to make mean comments about otherwomen if they saw them as competition for male attention. In an experiment, a group of female college students reacted negatively when a woman wearing a low-cut blouse and a short skirt entered the room, while they barely noticed the same woman dressed in a T-shirt and jeans.?But in perhaps one differe nee betwee n the sexes, in stead of confron ti ng the woma n directly, the others made fun of her once s he left the room.? ” Wome n are in deed very capable of aggress ing aga inst others, especially wome n they perceive as rivals, ” said Dr. Tracy Vailla ncourt, a psychologist atthe Uni versity of Ottawa.For those on the receivi ng end who are young or otherwise vuln erable, the damage can betragic. In September, a 12-year-old girl in Florida named Rebecca Ann Sedwick killed herself after other girls bullied her online. She went to an abandoned cement plant, climbed to a platform and jumped.“ Rebecca became oneof the youn gest members of a grow ing list of childre n and tee nagers apparently driven to suicide, at least in part, after being maligned, threatened and taunted online, The Times reported. And teenagers aren ' t just using Facebook or InstagranotiepiQbtoier.New applications appear constantly, making it difficult for parents to keep tabs on their children activity. Rebecca ' s mother, Tricia Norman, didn ' t know her daughter was receiving messages that said: “You' re ugly ” and “Can u die please? ”“You hear about this all the time, ” Ms. Norman said of cyberbullying. “ I never, ever thoughtit would happe n to me or my daughter. ”16. How did Jon atha n Martin react whe n taun ted and in sulted by his teammate?(A) He remained silent at first and then challenged the bully to a fight.(B) He took no notice of the taunts and insults from his teammate.(C) He could no Ion ger put up with the bully ing and left the team.(D) He accepted the bully ing as a n atural part of a rough-a nd-tumble sport.17. Which of the following is typical of female bullying?(A) Confron ti ng the victim in directly.(B) Caus ing the victim to die in the end.(C) Making fun of the victim with n asty words.(D) Maki ng mea n comme nts about the victim ' s clothes.18. Accord in g to the passage, Tricia Norma n ' s daughter ________ .(A) is a pretty, lovely girl(B) uses Facebook or In stagram a lot(C) committed suicide because of cyberbully ing(D) used to isolate herself from her classmates19. Parents are often kept in the dark about their children being bullied because _____ .(A) their children have no courage to tell them about it(B) parents are not involved in their children ' s activities(C) bully ing is too com mon to catch pare nts ' atte nti on(D) bully ing is in direct and is usually con ducted on li ne20. Which of the follow ing best summarizes the main idea of the passage?(A) In timidati on can damage the victim emotio nally and physically.(B) Bully ing can come in all shapes and sizes.(C) Taun ti ng is limited to physically small and weak people.(D) Female in sult ing is harder to bear tha n male bully ing.【参考答案】11.C 12.A 13.C 14.D 15.BQuestions 21—25Questions 26— 30SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)Directions: Tran slate the followi ng passage in to Chin ese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.In the near future, professors will run their courses over digital platforms capable of collecting data on each student' Tipeseressforms were initially developed for massiveope n on li ne courses. However, uni versities are now foldi ng these platforms back in to their traditi onal classes because they make it easier to share content, host discussi ons and keep track of stude nt work.Soon, these platforms will be able to mon itor which stude nts are spe nding 15 minu tes on a calculus problem and which ones slog away for an hour. This can raise red flags for professors about who might n eed extra help.As more classes move partially or en tirely on li ne, the requireme nts of havi ng a uniform start and end date diminish. It means some students could sail through a semester ' s worth of classe a few weeks and the n start aga in with new courses.It used to be that getting accepted to a prestigious university was how you accessed the best professors and could hang out with the smartest students. That ' s because universities were, for the most part, closed in formati on systems that distributed out their content among a select few. That cha nging.。

第一课太郎是大学教授克拉克夫妇心爱的宠物狗的名字。

由于太郎自一生下来就被克拉克家收养，两年中每天听着英语长大。

因此，太郎虽然被起了个日本名字，并且生活在日本，却一点也听不懂日语。

在日本的大学教了两年书的克拉克先生要回美国去了，由于带狗回去很困难，所以想找一个能替他疼爱太郎的日本人来收养它。

我受克拉克先生所托，于是挨个给喜欢狗的朋友们打电话，问问他们是否愿意收养太郎。

结果有好几个人对我说非常想收养太郎。

这其中全家都很喜欢狗，并且最积极申请的是我的高中同学中川。

于是第二个周日的下午，中川去了克拉克家，见到了克拉克夫妇和太郎。

这是中川和太郎的“第一次亲密接触”。

知道中川非常喜欢狗，克拉克先生就非常放心地决定把太郎交给中川饲养了。

但是，就在太郎刚“搬”到中川家的那个晚上，中川慌慌张张地给我打来电话，说：“不好了，快点教我英语会话吧。

你知道的，我在高中时没怎么学英语，现在英语口语也很糟糕。

但是为了和太郎交流，不得不用英语啊。

我想快点和太郎亲近起来，那英语口语就是必须的了！我说了‘吃饭了’呀、‘握握手’呀、‘等一等’呀、‘过来’呀之类的日语，但它一副完全不知所云的表情，愁得我都快要哭了。

”“欸？！你要从现在开始学英语会话吗？”我问中川。

“我也是临时抱佛脚啊，想与太郎交流，除此之外别无他法，没办法啊。

但是只要达到能和太郎交流的程度就行了。

”被中川这么认真地反复哀求，于是我答应道：“那么，就来我家一起学习2、3个小时吧。

”“Shakehands”就是“握握手”，“wait”就是“等一等”，“come here”就是“过来”。

我在卡片上写了大约20个我认为与狗交流所必须的表达方式，对中川进行了特训。

中川花了2个小时左右，总算是说得有点英语的样子了，便高高兴兴地回家去了。

令人吃惊的是第二天早上，电话铃声再次急促的想起。

我赶紧接了电话，一听果然是中川打来的。

“喂，听着！我的英语发音看起来还不错。

今天早上，我一说‘Shakehands’,太郎就立刻将手伸给了我。

catti三笔日汉词汇手册CATTI（China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters）是一个重要的翻译和口译资格考试，对于想要从事翻译和口译工作的人来说，掌握词汇是至关重要的。

其中，日汉词汇是CATTI考试的一部分，所以熟练掌握相关词汇对于顺利通过考试至关重要。

为了帮助考生更好地备考，本手册将详细介绍CATTI三笔日汉词汇的内容，以及一些备考技巧和学习方法。

通过系统学习并掌握这些词汇，考生将能够更好地应对考试，提升自己的翻译和口译能力。

第一部分：基本词汇在CATTI三笔日汉词汇中，基本词汇是考生必备的核心内容。

这些词汇包括日常生活中常见的词语以及一些简单的句子。

考生需要掌握这些词汇的中文意思，并能够正确地将其翻译成日文。

第二部分：专业词汇除了基本词汇外，CATTI三笔日汉词汇手册还包括一部分专业词汇。

这些词汇主要涉及到一些特定领域的名词和术语，如经济、法律、医学等。

在备考过程中，考生需要根据自己的专业领域选择适合的专业词汇，并进行有针对性地学习。

第三部分：阅读理解词汇阅读理解是CATTI考试的一个重要环节，而掌握相关阅读理解词汇对于答题过程至关重要。

这部分词汇主要包括文章中常见的词语、短语以及一些固定搭配。

考生需要能够准确理解文章的意思，并将其翻译成准确的中文表达。

在备考过程中，考生可以参考以下几点来提高自己的学习效果：1. 词汇纸条法：将重要的词汇写在纸条上，可以随时翻看，加深记忆。

2. 组织学习小组：与其他考生一起学习，互相讨论和提问，相互促进。

3. 制定学习计划：合理安排学习时间，每天坚持一定的学习量，避免临时抱佛脚。

4. 多做模拟题：通过做一些CATTI模拟题，熟悉考试的题型和形式，熟练掌握应对策略。

除了以上几点外，考生还需要保持积极的学习态度和持久的学习动力。

备考CATTI三笔日汉词汇并不是一件容易的事情，需要考生付出大量的时间和精力，但只要坚持不懈，相信考生一定能够通过考试。

日语口译考试日语口译考试大全目前国内比较权威日语口译考试有两类：一个是上海市外语口译岗位资格证书考试委员会办公室推出的日语口译，一个是人事部推出的日语笔译口译二级、三级考试。

上海市日语中高级口译考试考试时间：每年开考两次。

3月中旬和9月中旬的一个周日为综合笔试，合格者可参加口试。

每期笔试3周后，网上公布笔试查分时间的同时告知口试报名的具体事项。

考试内容及参考用书：中级口译：分为综合笔试和口试。

笔试合格者方能参加口试。

综合笔试包括听力、阅读理解、日译汉、汉译日四部分，考试时间为150分钟。

口试包括口语和口译两部分，时间约15分钟。

培训教材为上海紧缺人才培训工程教学系列丛书《日语中级口译证书考试教程(2007年版,全套共五册)》:包括听力教程、阅读教程、翻译教程、口语教程、口译教程。

考试大纲为上海市日语口译岗位资格证书考试大纲(2006年版)中的日语中级考纲部分。

高级口译：不设笔试，只考口试。

口试分两个部分：视译和听译，时间约30分钟。

培训教材为上海紧缺人才培训工程教学系列丛书《日语高级口译教程》(2007年版，单册)。

考试大纲为上海市日语口译岗位资格证书考试大纲(2006年版)中的日语高级考纲部分。

优点：全方位考察考生的日语实际应用水平能力缺点：地域性限制太大，认知度和权威性都会受一些影响，在江浙沪一带是比较有权威性的，在日企认知度比较高。

在别的地方，例如北京，可能知道的人比较少，有些企业不会把这个作为判断应聘者能力的`一个标准。

很多考生都觉得这个考试很难。

可能一定要自己的日语能力考水平达到了一级才会去考。

而且很多考生是抱着先把笔试考下来，再在2年的时间内把口语练上去再考口试，也有很多的考生估计到它地域性的限制而选择去考JTEST。

全国翻译资格考试(CATTI)考试时间：每年举办两次，时间分别是5月和12月的最后一个周末。

考试内容：考试分为四个等级：资深翻译;一级口译、笔译翻译;二级口译、笔译翻译;三级口译、笔译翻译;两大类别，即：笔译、口译，口译又分交替传译和同声传译两个专业类别。

日语中级口译通过的感想和经验口译笔译考试
●听力：课文的练习一定要认真做，理出生词，吃透到书中的每一道题目，因
为考试中有一部分题目来自书中。

特别需要注意：加强‘手写’日语，特别是日语汉字的能力，训练归纳能力，听力部分的最后一道题是把听到的对话进行记叙文归纳，所以要好好利用听力书上的这一类题，加强总结能力。

达到要求字数，用词不一定要能，重要的是抓住中心，不偏题，不要有错别字，破句等。

●阅读基本上考的都是课外的内容，但是阅读教程上的“阅读基础与技巧”
的讲座一定要好好研究，这些技巧对很多考试都有帮助。

●翻译没有必要把书里面的每一句例句都背下来，而是要在理解的基础上学
习技巧以及翻译方法。

考试中的句子都很长，平时多动笔写写，加强语言组织能力，不会的单词可以用一些一致的词语或者近义词代替，另外还要注意中日文化在语体以及文化上的差异而产生的翻译的不同。

（注意字迹工整，卷面整洁）。

文の翻訳答案【練習１】次の特殊成分を訳しなさい。

1.コップのなかに新鮮なお茶――種類は何でもいい――を入れて、次の実験をしてみる。

插入语2.「さあ、早く起きなさい。

」独立语3.ちょっとお尋ねしたいですが、天安門へはどう行きますか。

引用语4.民主と自由、われわれが長期にわたって求めたのはこれだ。

提示语5.さっき掲示板を見たんですが、今日の田中先生の授業が休講です。

引用语6.「お前たちよ。

」彼女はそう呟きながらぽろぽろ涙を落とした。

独立语7. この方は営業部長山下さんです。

同位语【練習2】一、次の文を訳しなさい。

（主語の翻訳）1. 笑要有分寸。

笑うのはいい加減にしろ。

2．哭多难看，别哭了。

泣くのはみっともないから、止めなさい。

3．方才来的是谁？さっき来たのは誰ですか。

4．当场死掉的也不尐。

その場で死んだもの（即死したもの）もたくさんいる。

5．远是远，可交通方便。

遠いことは遠いが、交通が便利だ。

二、次の文を訳しなさい。

（述語の翻訳）1．他富有经验。

○1かれは豊かな経験を持っている（がある）（に富んでいる）。

2．这种工作要靠经验。

この仕事は経験に頼らなければならない（がものをいう）。

3．百货店的顾客像煮饺子一样。

百貨店のお客さんがまるで芋の子を洗うようだ。

4．请保佑我考上大学。

どうか大学に受かりますように。

5．不像说的那么容易。

口で言うほどには易しくない。

6．我恨他。

あいつが憎い。

7．怀念愉快的学生时代。

楽しかった学生時代が懐かしい。

8．耳朵背。

耳が遠い。

9．别吓唬我。

脅かさないでよ。

10．真急死人了。

じれったいったらありゃしない。

（参ってしまうよ。

）11．鞋带开了。

靴紐が解けた。

12．别的就可想而知了。

ほかは押して知るべし。

13．他利用政府工作人员的地位谋私。

かれは公務員の地位を利用して、私腹を肥やしている。

14．应该说的话要说清楚。

言うべきことははっきり言いなさい。

15．没料到我居然能被选上。

こともあろうに私選ばれるなんて。

日本語通訳上級コース第１回（9:00～12:00）一、クイック•リスポンス(quick response)日本語から中国語、中国語から日本語に素早く頭を切り替え、反応できるようにする。

通訳者の基本的な反応の素早さを養うのと同時に、語彙力の強化、正しい発音の定着も期待できる。

音声テープ、或いは読み上げられたり、カードなどに書かれていたりする単語、語句の訳を口頭で即座に行う。

①花吹雪、②忘れ形見、③信心深い、④笑い草、⑤お門違い、⑥思い出話、⑦流れ星、⑧身代金、⑨酸素ボンベ、⑩無農薬栽培、⑪物ぐさな男、⑫負け惜しみ、⑬人質、⑭総選挙、⑮広州見本市、⑯銀杏、⑰走り幅跳び/走り高跳び/棒高跳び、⑱磁石（マグネット）、⑲トヨタ自動車、⑳養殖場/養豚場/養鶏場、①一目瞭然、②電子手帳、③筆頭株主、④生鮮市場、⑤業界再編、⑥取捨選択、⑦武力挑発、⑧不渡手形、⑨累進課税、⑩裁定取引、⑪実効支配、⑫社会規範、⑬優先順位、⑭緊急着陸、⑮外交折衝、⑯風評被害、⑰仮設住宅、⑱人員配置、⑲以心伝心、⑳貿易黒字/貿易赤字、①ハイブリッドカー、②スペース•シャトル、③プロジェクター、④LANケーブル、⑤ビニール•、⑦プレハブ住宅、⑧イベント、⑨シミレーション•モデル、⑩シャトル•バス、ハウス、⑥CO2⑪スクリーン、⑫WTO、⑬コンセンサス、⑭スマートフォン、⑮NASA、⑯アクセスランキング、⑰ステータスシンボル、⑱ウェブサイト/公式サイト/オフィシャルサイト、⑲マジック（ペン軸に仕込んだ芯しんの先端に浸み出させて用いる速乾性のインク）、⑳ストーカー（面識もないのに、後を追ったり、待ちぶせをしたりして、しつこくつきまとう偏執狂的な人）、①真実を言う勇気、②創造力溢れる人材、③使用済み核燃料、④値崩れの激しい製品、⑤図太い神経の持ち主、⑥持ち回りの優勝カップ、⑦世界を股にかけて活動する企業、⑧処分に至る一連の手続、⑨誤植（ミスプリント）の尐ない本、⑩お金がものを言う世の中、①のらりくらりと言い逃れをしている部下、②寒さがひしひしと身にしみる山小屋、③台風でずたずたに寸断された鉄道網、④試合に負けてすごすごと引き下がった選手、⑤どやどやと教室から出てきた受講生たち、⑥模様替えでがらりと変わったラウンジの雰囲気、⑦がやがやと騒がしい隣の教室、⑧そわそわして仕事が手につかない場合、⑨もたもたしてチャンスを見逃したバイヤー、⑩子供の入学式で晴れ着を着ていそいそしている母親、①選挙への不出馬を宣言する、②時間稼ぎに明け暮れる、③いち速く対案を出す、④首相の退陣を求める、⑤事態の収拾を図る、⑥読書に余念が無い、⑦戦火/膝を交える、⑧危機の瀬戸際に立たされる、⑨段階的に関税が撤廃される、⑩目の遣り場に困る、①水をあける（〔競争相手を目立って引き離す）、②かぶとをぬぐ（降伏の意思表示で、降参する）、③釘をさす（違約のないようにあらかじめ念を押す）、④目の敵にする（何かにつけて憎く思う｡敵視する）、⑤首になる（免官･免職･解雇､または除名される）、⑥ひと肌脱ぐ（その人の立場に同情して力添えをする）、⑦横車を押す（理屈に合わないことを無理やりにおし通す）、⑧太刀打ちする（互角の勝負をする。

標準日本語（中級上）ユニット１のテスト満点（１００点・一時間）1、日翻汉。

（10×1点）1)控え目（）2)暢気（）3)気立てがいい（）4))器用（）5)素直（）6)顔が広い（）7）我慢強い（）8）しつこい（）9）見栄っ張り（）10）家族への思いを込めて手紙を書きました。

（）2、中翻日（５×２点）1）掉小算盘，吝啬（）2）无漏洞，处事精明，精于算计（）3）邋遢，吊儿郎当，不检点（）4）任性，放肆，随心所欲（）5）上年纪，年岁增大（）3、给下列单词标注假名。

（20×1点）1)半年（）2）長年（）3）国家（）4）可哀相（）5)育児休暇（）6)学科（）7)推薦（）8)挑戦（）9)氷（）10）喫煙（）11)諦める（）12）人数（）13）燕（）14）離れる（）15)真心（）16)消毒済（）17)左右確認()18)上下関係（）19)年寄り（）20）抽象（）４、填写假名找规律。

（12×１点+3×3点=2１点）P27をご参照ください。

「大」という字は三つの発音があります。

「だい」「たい」「おお」★★1)大事件（）２)大地震（）３)大成功（）４)大規模（）５)大変（）６)大切（）７)大使館（）８)大金持ち（）９)大雨（）１０）大汗（）１１)大風（）１２)大笑い（）★★用「だい」、「たい」、「おお」填空。

规律1：后续词一般为两个字的汉语词常常读作（）；规律2：后续词一般已经成了词语的一部分、不能分离常常读作（）；规律2：后续词一般为日语固有的词常常读作（）；5、请翻译，日语中加、减、乘、除怎么表达？（4×2.5=10点）日本語で翻訳してください。

★1）3+2=5日本語で翻訳してください。

（）★2）８－５＝３（）★3）５×3=15（）★4）１０÷５＝２（）6、日期的日语说法（请用假名标出）。

（10×1点）1)一月一号（）2)一月二号（）3)一月三号（）4)一月四号（）5)一月五号（）6)一月六号（）7)一月七号（）8)一月八号（）9)一月九号（）10)一月十号（）７、翻訳と平仮名をつけてください。