2020年职称英语综合类C级概括大意历年真题及解析

2020年职称英语综合类C级词汇选项历年真题及解析2020年真题1. Railways are the most important mode of transport for the economy.A. wayB. factorC. objectiveD. source2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A. messageB. punishmentC. guiltD. obligation3. He said some harsh words about his brother.A. unkindB. properC. normalD. unclear4. I am going as a favor to Ann because I have to.A. partnerB. helpC. driveD. guide5. We need to identify the potential problem.A. mainB. possibleC. immediateD. common6. When did you first encounter these difficulties?A.createB. experienceC. presentD. resolve7. Don't tempt thieves by leaving valuable clearly visible.A. attractB. alarmC. catchD. spot8. There is a need for radical changes in education.A. long-termB. short-termC. revolutionaryD. systematic9. Under the terms of the contract, you must give 3 months' notice before you leave.A. rulesB. subjectsC. expressionsD. words10. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A. limitB. fearC. powerD. fool11. It frustrates me that I'm not able to put any of my ideas into practical.A. showsB. surprisesC. frightensD. discourages12. The weather last summer was awful.A. fairB. dryC. badD. hot13. The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.A. hideB. handleC. discloseD. establish14. My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher.A. definitelyB. generallyC. certainlyD. greatly15. He tried to assemble his thoughts. "A. clearB. shareC. gatherD. spare2020年真题1. Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down.A. excitementB. angerC. calmD. disappointment2. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation,A. copyB. furnishC. publishD. summarize3. The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.A. hiddenB. inflexibleC. traditionalD. official4. He led a very moral life.A. honorableB. humanC. intelligentD. natural5. The majority of, people around here are decent.A. realB. honestC. normalD. wealthy6. His knowledge of French is fair.A. very usefulB. very limitedC. quite goodD. rather special7. The group does not advocate the use of violence.A. limitB. regulateC. supportD. oppose8. The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.A. painsB. partsC. aspectsD. results9. It was a magic night until the spell was broken.B. charmC. spaceD. opportunity10. They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.A. proveB. discoverC. considerD. imagine11. Several windows had been smashed.A. cleanedB. replacedC. brokenD. fixed12. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.A. homeworkB. actC. justiceD. model13. London quickly became a flourishing port.B. largeC. successfulD. commercial14. His professional career spanned 16 years.A. startedB. changedC. movedD. lasted15. His stomach felt hollow with fear.A. emptyB. sincereC. respectfulD. terrible2020年真题1. Come out, or I'll burst the door down.A. shutB. setC. breakD. beat2. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this areaof town.A. nakedB. cautiousC. blindD. private3. The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.A. generalB. complexC. directD. inflexible4. It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.A. rightB. unbelievableC. obviousD. unclear5. These animals migrate south annually in search of food.A. exploreB. travelC. inlaidD. prefer6. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A. spreadB. sendC. hearD. confirm7. She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.A. passed byB. took a notice ofC. woke upD. found by chance8. I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.A. atB. withC. aboutD. from9. As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion.A. influenceB. expressC. divideD. voice10. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.A. taughtB. attractedC. keptD. changed11. He paused waiting for her to digest the information.A. understandB. withholdC. exchangeD. contact12. Make sure the table is securely anchored.A. repairedB. clearedC. bookedD. fixed13. She gets aggressive when she is drunk.A. wordedB. sleepyC. offensiveD. anxious14. There was something peculiar in the way the smiles.A. strangeB. differentC. wrongD. funny15. The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A. shortenB. startC. resumeD. end答案与解析2020年真题1． A。

2020年职称英语综合类C级阅读理解历年真题及解析2020年真题第一篇Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they're usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under thecanopy ( 树冠) of taller indigenous ( 土生土长的 ) trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America aredeforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can beplanted if there aren't any trees. With increased production come increased profits.Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat.Native birdsnest and hide from predators ( 捕食者 ) in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicalskill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and"bird friendly."Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we're paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it's worth it.31. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.B. Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.C. Shade-grow coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee.D. People should buy shade-grown coffee.32. The function of the word "Traditionally" in Paragraph 2 is to show __________.A. the positive effects of coffeeB. a change of coffee growthC. something that is the most importantD. how coffee production used to be33. What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?A. More insects.B. Better quality coffee.C. Larger farms.D. Higher profits.34. How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?A. They buy more land from other farmers.B. They cut down trees.C. They move to another country.D. They turn grassland into farmland.35. The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT __________.A. insectsB. airC. birdsD. humans.第二篇Across the DesertThe Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world. It stretches across Africa from Senegal to Egypt. The Sahara Desert is an unfriendly environment. During the day it's very hot, and at night it's sometimes very cold. It is also difficult to find water in the Sahara.In 2006, Kevin Lin, Ray Zahab, and Charlie Engle decided to do something very difficult.They made the decision to run across the Sahara Desert 4,300 miles (6,920 kin). It seemedimpossible to do, but they wanted to try. The three men liked to test themselves, and this would be a very big test.On the morning of November 2, Kevin, Ray, and Charlie started their trip across the Sahara.Every morning they began running at 5：00. At 11 am they stopped and rested until 5 pm. Then they ran again until 9：30 in the evening. Each day they ran about 40 miles (64 kin) .Every day it was the same thing. They got up and ran. They listened to music on their iPods, and they ran and ran.Kevin, Ray, and Charlie needed to eat a lot of foodduring their trip. Most people need about 2,000 calories of food each day. Kevin, Ray, and Charlie needed between 6,000 and 9,000 calories every day. That's a lot of food! They also needed to drink a lot of water.The three men had some problems on their trip, and many times they wanted to quit and go home. It was often very hot during the day, and the heat made them sick. Their legs and feet hurt.Sometimes it was very windy, and they couldn't see. One time they got lost. But they didn't quit.After 111 days, Kevin, Ray, and Charlie successfully finished their trip across the Sahara Desert.They hugged each other and put their hands in the waterof the Red Sea. Then they ran to a hotel to take a long shower.36. The Sahara Desert is not fit for people to live in because of its __________.A. extreme weatherB. remotenessC. vastnessD. salty water37. What does"a very big test" in Paragraph 2 mean?A. A competitive examination.B. A wise decision.C. A real challenge.D. A time-saving task.38. Kevin, Ray and Charlie __________.A. rested at 5 p.m. every dayB. took a short break at noonC. started their trip every momingD. didn't run in the evening39. The three men realized that their trip was finished when they __________.A. saw the Red SeaB. found a hotelC. ate up all the foodD. drank all the water40. What's the reason for the success of their trip?A. They prepared sufficient food.B. They never got lost.C. They developed a good plan.D. They never gave up.第三篇The Value of TearsTears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. They can leave you embarrassed and without energy. However, crying is a fact of life, and tears are very useful. Even when you're not crying, your eyes produce tears. These create a film over the eye's surface. This film contains a substance that protects your eyes against infection.Tears relieve stress, but we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons. "People worry about showing their emotions. They're afraid that once they lose control, they'll never get it back."explains psychologist Dorothy Rowe. "As children we were sometimes punished for shedding tears or expressing anger. As adults we still fear the consequences of showing emotions."Almost any emotion--good or bad, happy or sad--can cause tears. Crying is a way that we release built-up emotions. Tears help you when you feel you are ready to explode because of very strong feelings. It may explain why people who are afraid to cry often suffer more heart attacks than people who cry more freely.When some people become very stressed, however, theycan't cry. They may be feeling shock,angel fear, or grief, but they repress (抑制) the emotion. "Everyone has the need to cry," says psychotherapist(精神治疗师)Vera Diamond. Sometimes in therapy sessions, patients participate in crying exercises. They practice crying so that they can get used to expressing emotion. Diamond says it's best to cry in safe, private places, like under the bedcovers or in the car.That's because many people get uncomfortable when others cry in front of them. In fact, they may be repressingtheir own need to cry.In certain situations, such as at work, tears are not appropriate. It's good to hold back tears during a tense business discussion. "But once you are safely behind closed doors, don't just cry,"Diamond says. She suggests that you act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you feel better. "And, "she adds," once our tears have released the stress, you can begin to think of logical ways to deal problem."Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. You should never be afraid to cry.41. The word "film" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________.A. doorB. pointC. coatD. level42. Crying is useful in that itA. helps you not to exploreB. eases heart attacksC. makes others comfortableD. cleans your eyes43. According to Vera Diamond, crying should be__________.A. practicedB. repressedC. punishedD. done in public44. What are you expected to do in a tense business discussion?A. Hold back your tears.B. Cry in private.C. Release your stress with tears.D. Find out the problems.45. What is the main idea of this passage?A. How to release your stress.B. Ways to repress your emotion in public.C. How to fight tears in a business situation.D. Importance and necessity of crying.。

职称英语等级综合类(C级)试题考试试题、答案及题解9第4部分：阅读理解31 A该题问的是：在两次渡船失事中已发现多少人死了?第一段第一个句子说到“救援人员已经找到了在孟加拉国的两次渡船失事中的130多人的尸体”。

当然，实际的死亡数字还要高。

32 C该题问的是：这两次渡船失事发生在什么时候?这是一道推理题。

文章中没有一个句子直接提供了这方面的信息。

但是第三段间接地传递了这方面的信息：政府自此后禁止所有的渡船和其他船只在四五月的暴风季节夜航。

33 D该题问的是：渡船：MV Mitali设计载客量是多少?答案在第四段的第二句：警察说：把大约400个旅客装进了只能容纳：300个旅客的空间。

34 C该题问的是：哪一种原因文章没有提到?第三段提到了政府自此禁止渡船和其他船只在四五月暴风雨季节夜航。

也就是说，A和B提到了。

倒数第三段说到了缺乏安全措施，即D。

35 C该题问的是：下面是有关这两次渡船失事的说法，哪一种是错的?第五段有这样一句话：没有人真正能知道当时有多少人在船上?也不知道多少人还活着? 第六段是这么说的：孟加拉国的渡船不是总能留下顾客的名单的，使得确定船上确切的人数很困难。

36 D该题问的是：哪一种方式能使你的钱越滚越多?把钱放在你的房间里、猪形储蓄罐里或你的口袋里显然都不会使你的钱变得更多。

37 C该题问的是：利息是什么样的钱?A说的是：银行借出的钱。

B说的是：银行贷款给工商企业的。

D说的是：银行使用的钱。

这么都不对。

第四段有这样一句话：Interest is the amount 0f money a bank pays you to use your money。

利息是因为银行用了你的钱付给你的。

因此C才是正确的答案。

38 A该题问的是：银行结算单告诉你什么?A说的是：你在银行中有多少钱。

B说的是：当前的利率。

C说的是：当前的兑换率。

D说的是：存钱的办法。

A是正确的，答案在第五段。

39 D该题问的是：你提前取钱会怎么样?答案在倒数第二段的最后一句。

2020年职称英语卫生类C级概括大意专项练习及答案解析第一篇Music Used as a Healing Therapy1 Music has long been used to treat patients suffering from different problems. In 400BC, its healing properties were documented by the ancient Greeks. More recently, in both world wars in the last century, medical workers used music therapy (疗法) with people suffering from trauma (外伤). Currently, it is used as a treatment for many diseases, such as cancer, and it has also been used by patients with long-term pain and learning disabilities.2 There is growing evidence that music can cause physical changes to the body which can improve our health. In the Welcome Trust Study, which took place over three years at the Chelsea and Westminster hospital in London, patients were asked to listen to musical performances. As a result, it was found that stress levels were significantly reduced, recovery times were improved, and fewer drugs were needed.3 These very positive results are partly due to general well-being (良好的健康状况). It is already accepted that when people feel happy and have a positive approach to life. They are more likely to feel better and recover from disease quickly. Music increases this feeling of joy and adds to the recovery process.4 However, not all these benefits can be attributed to an increase in general well-being. Music has other effects which have not yet been understood. According to Professor Robertson, a scientist and musician, some effects of musicare mysterious and are, therefore, being investigated further. It has been suggested that the sounds and rhythms of musichelp stimulate the brain and send electrical messages to the muscles.5 Science, however, demands facts and hard evidence. Many in the medical profession have not yet recognized the healing benefits of music, since reports have been based mainly on various stories of evidence. These new studies could provide proof to doctors that music is a suitable treatment for many conditions. One day doctors may even "prescribe" (开处方) music, but that could be a long time in the future.1. Paragraph 1 __________2. Paragraph 2__________3. Paragraph 3 __________4. Paragraph 4 __________A. Potential dangers of music therapyB. Increase in general well-beingC. History of music therapyD. Other mysterious effects of musicE. Positive physical changes caused by musicF. Music and your body5. Researchers have found that patients' stress levels decrease when they __________.6. Music can treat patients partly because __________.7. Those who always look on the bright side of life are more likely to __________.8. Many doctors don't believe that music can treat diseases because __________.A. recover from disease quicklyB. there is not enough hard evidenceC. use their minds activelyD. it improves general well-beingE. listen to musical performancesF. it brings many other benefits第二篇Anti-Aging Secrets： Four Ways to Stay Young1 The aging process is not easy for anyone. While some people accept getting older and do everything within their power to keep the mind and body active, others adopt a negative attitude and give in to the effects of aging. However, the key to feeling young is maintaining a young mental state. Moreover, simple lifestyle changes can make you feel years younger.2 Keeping the mind active is the best medicine against aging. Studies have shown that persons who remain activefollowing retirement live longer. Brainpower and physical fitness go hand-in-hand. When minds are sharpened or active, we are more likely to be physically active.Even if aging results in slight memory loss or a little confusion, brain exercises such as crossword puzzles (填字字谜) can improve memory.3 Some persons are naturally introverted (内倾性格的) or shy, which can result in isolation. If you want to live a long life, avoid isolation. Maintaining healthy relationships has lasting benefits. Establishing strong relationships could lower blood pressure, promote relaxation,ease pain, and may even strengthen the immune system (免疫系统).4 Too much stress can quickly age people. Completely ridding (使摆脱) our lives of stress is impossible. On the other hand, we can adopt simple techniques for better coping with life's problems, including reducing chaos, setting realistic goals, and relaxing.5 If you think that you are old, you feel old. Try to be cheerful and avoid developing a negative attitude towards life. Sometimes, this involves changing our association.Surrounding yourself with complainers will start to influence your attitude to life. We all experience hardships. Rather than focusing on the unpleasant, reflect on the positive things about life.1. Paragraph 2__________2. Paragraph 3__________3. Paragraph 4 __________4. Paragraph 5 __________A. Avoid IsolationB. Adopt a Positive Attitude to LifeC. Keep Your Mind ActiveD. Maintain BalanceE. Accept FailureF. Reduce Stress5. There is no better medicine against aging than __________.6. Isolation may keep a person from __________.7. Relaxation is one of the techniques for better __________.8. It is wise of us to avoidA. dealing with life's problemsB. keeping the mind activeC. changing our associationD. living a long lifeE. setting realistic goalsF. focusing on the unpleasant第三篇The Drink Your Body Needs Most1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60% to 70% water. Blood is mostly water and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物)to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.2 We lose water through urination (排尿), respiration (呼吸), and by sweating. If you are very active, you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise. Symptoms of mild dehydration (脱水) include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches,and constipation (便秘) A strong smell to your urine, along with a yellow colorindicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst isall obvious sign of dehydration and in fact, you need water long before you feel thirsty.3 A good rule of thumb (好的做法) is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half. That gives you the number of ounces (盎司) of water per day that you need.For example, if you weigh 160 pounds, you should drinkat least 80 ounces of water per day.If you exercise youshould drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcohol, you should add at least an equal amount of water.When you are traveling on an airplane, it is good to have 8 ounces ofwater for every hour you are on board the plane.4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working, traveling, or exercising. If you get bored with plain water, add a bit oflemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of flavored water available, but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don't need.1. Paragraph 1 __________2. Paragraph 2 __________3. Paragraph 3 __________4. Paragraph 4 __________A. Ounces of water needed per dayB. Importance of waterC. Composition of waterD. Signs of dehydrationE. Supply of waterF. Necessity for bringing a bottle for water5. You can't live6. Dehydration may occur if there is a shortage ofwater__________.7. The amount of water your body needs per day is closely related __________.8. Don't forget to drink enough water evenA. in your bodyB. without waterC. before longD. for a changeE. on a busy dayF. to your weight答案与解析第一篇1． C。

2020年职称英语卫生类C级概括大意历年真题及解析2020年真题Ebola Outbreak1 You are likely aware that several countries in West Africa are batting an Ebola Outbreak.Ebola is a dangerous and often lethal viral infection. Scientists believe that humans contacted the virus by eating the meat of rare animals. It is now believed that bats are the primary carriers of the virus.2 To date, there are only three major countries in West Africa experiencing a major outbreak：Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea. However, other countries such as Nigeria have reported confirmed cases of Ebola within their borders.3 Unless you recently visited one of the three affected West countries, your risk of contacting the virus isvirtually zero. Unlike other recent airborne virus outbreaks like SARS, the Ebola virus can only be spread through direct contact with an infected person. Spbcifically, Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids. Though, the virus is transmittable, only an infected person exhibiting symptoms is communicable.4 The signs and symptoms of Ebola are non-specific and patients typically exhibit them after a week of contacting the virus. Symptoms may appear as early as two days or aslate as three weeks after initial infection. Symptoms includedisgust, weakness and stomach pain. More uncommon symptoms include chest pain, bleeding and sore throat.5 Ebola is devastating because of its ability to attack and replicate in every organ of the body.This causes an over-stimulation of the body's inflammatory response, causing the flu-like symptoms. The virus also causes bleeding and impairs the body's normal clotting mechanism(凝血机制), making bleeding even more severe. Loss of blood volume and decreased organ perfusion (器官灌注), ultimately lead to organ failure and death.6 The current outbreak is the deadliest viral outbreak in over 35 years. While diseases such as the malaria (疟疾) are far more communicable, Ebola is one of the world's most fatal viral infections. Ebola's fatality rate exceeds that of SARS.23. Paragraph 2 __________24. Paragraph 3 __________25. Paragraph 4 __________26. Paragraph 5 __________A. Am I at risk of contacting the virus?B. Is the current outbreak the deadlines?C. How do I know ifI have contacted the virus?D. What areas are currently affected?E. What exactly does Ebola do to the body?F. What caused the Ebola outbreak?27. The initial Ebola outbreak was found in28. The difference between SARS and Ebola viruses liesin__________.29. The symptoms of the patients after being infected may first appear __________.30. The Ebola virus transmits by contact with __________.A. infected body fluidsB. against the outbreak severityC. the mode of transmissionD. the initial days of being infectedE. three countries in West AfricaF. within a wide range of days2020年真题Eye Problems1 Our eyes are under a great deal of strain these days as computer work, television viewing, night driving, and even sunshine are making exceptional demands. Sunlight, especially in the summer,is now regarded as one cause of cataracts ( 白内障).2 The thinning of the ozone (臭氧) layer means moreshort-wave ultraviolet (UV) rays (紫外线)are reaching the earth, and these are the biggest risk factor for clouding the lens of the eye.Ultraviolet rays increase the risk of changes to the cornea (角膜) causing clouded vision andeventually cataracts. The rays can be shielded only by anti-UV lenses. However, our eyes are not sufficiently protected by fashion sunglasses.3 “Poor night vision and eye fatigue are noticeably more common, and there has been a big increase in minor eye complaints in the over-40s," says Dr. M/re/lle Bonnet, who took part in recent research. She says that the six muscles controlling each eye move more than100,000 times a day and that everyone should learn to exercise their eye muscles and allow them to rest.4 It was traditionally thought that near-or far-sightedness were inherited from our parents and could not be influenced by environmental factors, but new research is challenging this assumption.5 Recent studies suggest that up to 80 percent of schoolchildren in the United States and western Europe are nearsighted. Years of focusing on close, two-dimensional work causes most children to become at least slightly nearsighted by the age of 10, say the researchers.6 Problems with night vision, which affect around 25 percent of people, are also on the increase because of computer use. Using computer screens means the eye must operate in electromagnetic fields (电磁场) that make it work harder. It is estimated that 25 to 30 percent of people have eye conditions, such as difficulty with night vision, which results from staring at a screen.23. Paragraph 2 __________24. Paragraph 3 __________25. Paragraph 5 __________26. Paragraph 6 __________A. The development of poor night visionB. The greatest threat to the eyesC. The function of sunglassesD. The reason for children's nearsightednessE. The effects of computer on the eyesF. The ways to reduce eve comolaints27. Sunlight in the summer is believed to be one cause of__________.28. We can wear anti-UV glasses to protect ___________.29. We used to believe that near-or far-sightedness were inherited from __________.30. Over 25% of people are estimated to have difficulty with night vision due to __________.A. our parentsB. clouded visionC. eye musclesD. our eyesE. computer useF. eye move2020年真题Traffic Jams--No End in Sight1 Traffic congestion (拥堵) affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities acrossboth the developed and developing world. In the U. S., commuters (通勤人员) spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available,most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.2 The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seemsto work： Singapore, London and Stockholm have reducedtraffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.3 Another way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staffto telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars offthe road altogether.4 Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded "citystreets. But such techniques do not really keep cars offthe road; they only accommodate more of them.Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the$50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.23. Paragraph 1 __________24. Paragraph 2__________25. Paragraph 3 ___________26. Paragraph 4 __________A. Paying to get inB. Changing work practiceC. Not doing enoughD. A solution which is no solutionE. Closing city centres to trafficF. A global problem27. Most American drivers think it convenient to__________.28. If charged high enough, some drivers may __________to enter certain parts of town.29. Building more roads is not an effective way to__________.30. The U. S. government has planned to__________updating public-transport systems.A. reduce traffic jamsB. drive aroundC. go by busD. spend more moneyE. travel regularlyF. encourage more private cars答案与解析2020年真题23．D。

2020年职称英语考试真题及答案(综合类C级)US Signs Global Tobacco Treaty1 The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC)this week at the United Nations. (46)2 The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly，including the United States，last year. (47)3 For instance, cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack. (48)It also requires bans on tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States, where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.4 (49) The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly5 million people worldwide every year. In the US alone, about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the US are caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.5 The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect. (50)A Tobacco stocks also perked up as investions discouried fears ** of from the US.B So far，109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.C The impact of the treaty could be huge.D Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.E The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.F The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.参考答案：FDECB。

2020年职称英语综合类C级真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项 (第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词语或短语画有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 Railways are the most important mode of transport for the economy.A wayB factorC objectiveD source2 The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A messageB punishmentC guiltD obligation3 He said some harsh words about his brother.A properB normalC unclearD unkind4 I am going as a favor to Ann because I have to.A partnerB helpC driveD guide5 We need to identify the potential problem.A manB possibleC immediateD common6 When did you first encounter these difficulties?A createB experienceC presentD resolve7 Don’t tempt thieves by leaving valuable clearlyvisible.A attractB alarmC catchD spot8 There is a need for radical changes in education.A long-termB short-termC revolutionaryD systematic9 Under the terms of the contract, y ou must give 3 months’ notice before you leave.A rulesB subjectsC expressionsD words10 I realize to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A limitB fearC powerD fool11 It frustrates me that I’m not able to put any of my ideas into practical.A showsB surprisesC frightensD discourages12 The weather last summer was awful.A fairB dryC badD hot13 The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.A discloseB hideC handleD establish14 My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher.A definitelyB generallyC certainlyD greatly15 He tries to assemble his thoughts.。

2020 年职称英语综合类 C 级真题及答案第1 部分：词汇选项( 第1-15 题，每题 1 分，共15 分)下面每个句子中均有 1 个词语或短语画有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项。

1 Railways are the most important mode of transport forthe economy.A wayB factorC objectiveD source2 The law carries a penalty of up to three years inprison.A messageB punishmentC guiltD obligation3 He said some harsh words about his brother.A properB normalC unclearD unkind4 I am going as a favor to Ann because I have to.A partnerB helpC driveD guide5 We need to identify the potential problem.A manB possibleC immediateD common6 When did you first encounter these difficulties?A createB experienceC presentD resolve7 Don’t tempt thieves by leaving valuable clearlyvisible.A attractB alarmC catchD spot8 There is a need for radical changes in education.A long-termB short-termC revolutionaryD systematic9 Under the terms of the contract, y ou must give 3 months ’notice before you leave.A rulesB subjectsC expressionsD words10 I realize to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A limitB fearC powerD fool11 It frustrates me that I ’m not able to put any of my ideas into practical.A showsB surprisesC frightensD discourages12 The weather last summer was awful.A fairB dryC badD hot13 The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.A discloseB hideC handleD establish14 My piano playing has improved significantly since Ihad a new teacher.A definitelyB generallyC certainlyD greatly15 He tries to assemble his thoughts.A gatherB clearC shareD spare第2 部分：阅读判断( 第16~22题, 每题1 分, 共7 分)下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择A：如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B; 如果该句的信息问中没有提及，请选择C。

职称英语等级综合类(C级)试题考试试题、答案及题解8第2部分：阅读判断16 BIreland is the best place in the world to live in for 2005…．爱尔兰是2005年世界上最适合居住的地方，……这是文章中的第一句话。

题干说的是：在长达2005年里，爱尔兰一直是世界上最适合于人类居住的地方。

因此，不对。

17 C题干说的是：工作稳定是生活质量中最不重要的衡量标准。

文章第三段提到了工作稳定(job security)，但是没有说工作稳定是生活质量中最不重要的衡量标准。

18 A题干说的是：在爱尔兰生活费用相当高。

这一信息可以从第四段中的词组“the high cost of living”(很高的生活费用)中找到。

19 C题干说的是：在津巴布韦，家庭生活不稳定。

文章没有提到。

20 A题干说的是：爱尔兰名居榜首是因为它把新时期的的成分和一些好的传统结合在一起。

这一信息可以从第七段中找到。

21 B题干说的是：评价生活质量很容易。

第八段是这么说的：The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do．该杂志承认评价生活质量不是一件简单的事。

因此，不对。

22 B题干说的是：美国在前十名。

事实是它排在第十三名。

有关此信息可以在最后一段找到。

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子23 F Birth(出生)。

第二段是这么说的：Lauder 1908年出生在纽约的昆斯区，她的母亲是匈牙利人，父亲是捷克人。

24 AEarly Career(早年生涯)。

第三段是这么说的：Lander卖给美容院和宾馆她叔叔John Schotz开发的护肤产品开始了她的从商生涯。

25 CProducts(产品)。

第四段讲的都是化妆品。

26 ECosmetics Empress(化妆品皇后)。

2020年职称英语综合类C级完形填空历年真题及解析2020年真题Spoilt for ChoiceSome research which was recently carried out in Britain has confirmed what many ordinary shoppers have suspected for quite a long time. Having a__________(51) election of goods to choose from is not necessarily a__________(52) to consumers. The average supermarket in Britain has around40,000 different products on sale at any one time and ifyou're__________(53) of buying a car, then there are actually around 1,600 different__________(54) on the market.In one sense, choice is a good thing because it__________ (55) us to buy those products which best suit our needs. But choice can also __________ (56) something of a problem. With over 400 brands of shampoo on the market, how does the consumer__________ (57) hold of the information necessary to choose between them?For some people, the solution is to buy only well-known brands, whilst others are happy to be__________(58) by advertising. There is evidence,__________(59), that for some people the__________ (60) of choice available to them in Britain's consumer society is actually a __________ (61)of anxiety and stress. One man interviewed by the researchers admitted that he had__________(62) out to buy his girlfriend a mobile phone for her birthday, but was so__________(63) by the number of different types on offer in the shop that he__________ (64) up and decided to buy her a bundle( 束 )of flowers__________(65)!51. A. deepB. wideC. longD. tall52. A. favorB. profitC. gainD. value53. A. consideringB. planningC. hopingD. thinking54. A. stylesB. patternsC. labelsD. models55. A. letsB. allowsC. makesD. leaves56. A. reportB. respectC. representD. review57. A. comeB. haveC. getD. put58. A. suggestedB. proposedC. signaledD. persuaded59. A. thereforeB. moreoverC. howeverD. whether60. A. rankB. heightC. amountD. volume61. A. spring。

2020年职称英语真题及答案综合类C概括大意第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23——30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23——26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2——5 段每段选择1个标题；（2）第27——30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个选项。

Feed the World with Potatoes1. As food prices continue to rise rapidly,there is growing concern about the effect it will have among the world’s poor.2. Increasingly, experts are looking to thepotato as a possible low-cost solution to feeding the hungry. To emphasize the issue, the United Nations has called the potato “a hidden treasure” and named 2008 the International Yearof the Potato. Here’s how potatoes could end the food crisis.3. The potato matures more quickly, on less land and in harsher climate than most other major crops. Up to 85 percent of the plant is eatable, compared with around 50 percent of cereals. Its broad adaptability to a wide variety of farming systems is also note worthy.4. Potatoes are an excellent source of complex carbohydrates, which is release their energy slowly, and have only 5 percent of wheat’ s fat content. They contain only a quarter of the calories of bread and,according to the Potato Center, when boiled, potatoes have more protein and nearly twice the calcium as corn. Additionally, they are good source of vitamin C, iron, potassium（钾）and zinc(锌).5. The food and Agriculture Organization recently surveyed food price inflation in over 70 of the poor countries. Cereal price inflation was much higher and far more widespread than for potatoes. A significant factor behind the potato’ s affordability is the fact that unlike other agriculture products, the potato is not yet a global commodity, and has therefore not attracted speculative investors. Raw potatoes are heavy and carrot during transmit, so global trade has been show to take off. Also, potatoes are susceptible（易受影响的） to infection with disease, hindering(防碍) export. According to analysts’ estimates, less than 5 percent of potatoes are traded internationally, with prices driven primarily by local tastes instead of international demand.23. Paragraph 2__B___24. Paragraph 3__D___25. Paragraph 4__C___26. Paragraph 5__A___A. Potatoes’ Lower InflationB. Major Food CropsC. Healthy FoodD. Higher OutputE. Growing Importance of PotatoesF. High Price27. The potato is cheap because E28. The whole world is concerned about food prices because B29. Many peopleeat potatoes because C30. The potato isnot yet a global commodity because FA. it has remained a controversial issueB. they are rising rapidlyC. they are very nourishingD. nobody eats itE. its yield is highF. raw potatoes can decay easily during transit。

2020年职称英语理工类C级概括大意专项练习及答案第一篇Washoe Learned American Sign Language(1) An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research centerin the American state of Washington. Washoe had become knownin the scientific community and around the world for herability to use American Sign Language. She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language. Her skills alsoled to debate3 about primates and their ability to understand language.(2) Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966. In 1969, the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. Thepeople who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example, Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas. She also asked questions like, "Whois coming to play?"Once the news about Washoe spread, many languagescientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed.(3) However, critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers. They said she had never developed true language skills. Even now thereare some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree. Roger Fours is a formerstudent of the Gardners. He took Washoe to a research centerin Ellensburg,Washington. There, Washoe taught sign languageto three younger chimpanzees, which are still alive.(4) Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodallbelieve Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today, there are not as manyscientists studying language skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.(5) Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet, one thing is sure--Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.23. Paragraph 1 __________24. Paragraph 2 __________25. Paragraph 3 __________26. Paragraph 4 __________A. Reason why not many scientists carry out this research nowadaysB. Report about Washoe's progress in leaming signlanguageC. General information about WashoeD. The Gardeners' contributions recognizedE. Debate on chimps' intelligenceF. Washoe's love for three young chimps27. Washoe could make signs to communicate __________.28. Some scientists doubted29. Washoe taught three younger chimps sign language30. The experimenters thought Washoe was intelligent__________A. if the Gardeners' argument was soundB. because she was cleverer than other chimpsC. when she wanted to eatD. while she was at a research center in EllensburgE. because she could use sign language to ask for fruitsF. while Washoe was learning sign language第二篇Hurricanes (龙卷风)(1) Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, female names were given because of the unpredictability ( 不可预知 )factor of the storms. In 1979,realizing the sexist (性别歧视的)nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.(2) Hurricanes and typhoons ( 台风 ) are the same things. If they form in the Atlantic, we call these strong storms hurricanes, from the West Indian word hurricane, meaning "bigwind". And if they are Pacific storms, they are called typhoons from the Chinese taifun, meaning "great wind". To be classified as a hurricane, the storm must have maximum winds of at least 75 mph.These storms are big, many hundreds of miles in diameter.(3) Hurricanes get their power from water vapor as it gives out its stored-up energy. All water vapor gives out heat as it condenses (凝结) from a gaseous state to a liquid state over fixed points on the equator(赤道). To make a hurricane, you must have extremely wet, warm air, the kind of air that can only be found in tropical region.(4)Scientists have determined that the heat given out in the process of water condensation can be as high as 95billion kilowatts per hour. In just one day alone, the storm can produce more energy than many industrialized nations need in an entire year! The problem is that we don't know how to make sure such great energy works for us.5.Predicting the path of a hurricane is one of the most difficult tasks for forecasters. It moves at a typical speed of 15 mph. But not always. Some storms may race at twice this speed, then suddenly stop and remain in the same location for several days. It can be maddening ( 发疯的 )if you live in a coastal area that may be hit.6.The biggest advance in early detection is continuous watch from weather satellites. With these,we can see the storms form and track them fully, from birth to death. While they can still kill people and destroy property, hurricanes will never surprise any nation again.23. Paragraph 1 __________24. Paragraph 2 __________25. Paragraph 4 __________26. Paragraph 5 __________A. Short history of naming hurricanesB. Harnessing the hurricane energyC. Difficulty in forecasting the course of a hurricaneD. Huge energy stored in a hurricaneE. Forecasting a hurricane through satellite watchingF. Different names for the same things27. Both male and female names are used for hurricanes in consideration of__________28. Using weather satellites can ensureof hurricanes.29. Energy specialists may be interested inof hurricanes.30. Scientists cannot accurately predict the course of a hurricane due to__________A. the timely (即时的) discoveryB. convenienceC. sex equalityD. its connection with humansE. the huge powerF. its uncertainty答案与解析第一篇23．C。

2020 年职称英语综合类 C 级完形填空历年真题及解析2020 年真题Spoilt for ChoiceSome research which was recently carried out in Britainhas confirmed what many ordinary shoppers have suspected forquite a long time. Having a__________(51) election of goodsto choose from is not necessarily a__________(52) toconsumers. The average supermarket in Britain has around40,000 different products on sale at any one time and ifyou're__________(53) of buying a car, then there are actuallyaround 1,600 different__________(54) on the market.In one sense, choice is a good thing because it__________ (55) us to buy those products which best suit our needs. But choice can also __________ (56) something of a problem. With over 400 brands of shampoo on the market,how does the consumer__________ (57) hold of theinformation necessary to choose between them?For some people, the solution is to buy only well-known brands, whilst others are happy to be__________(58) by advertising. There is evidence,__________(59), that for somepeople the__________ (60) of choice available to them inBritain's consumer society is actually a __________ (61)ofanxiety and stress. One man interviewed by the researchers admitted that he had__________(62) out to buy his girlfrienda mobile phone for her birthday, but was so__________(63) bythe number of different types on offer in the shop that he__________ (64) up and decided to buy her a bundle( 束)of flowers__________(65)!51.A. deepB. wideC.longD.tall52. A. favorB.profitC.gainD.value53.A. consideringB. planningC. hopingD. thinking54.A. stylesB.patternsbelsD.models55. A. letsB.allowsC.makesD.leaves56.A. reportB. respectC. representD.review57. A. comeB. haveC.getD.put58.A. suggestedB. proposedC. signaledD. persuaded59.A. thereforeB. moreoverC. howeverD. whether60.A. rankB.heightC.amountD.volume61. A. springB.sourceC.reasonD.motive62.A. foundB. workedC. turned63.A. confusedB. complicatedC. disorganizedD. misunderstood64.A. hungB.heldC.gaveD.kept65. A. tooB.insteadC.likewiseD.yet2020 年真题Public RelationsPublic relations is a broad set of planned communications about the company, including publicity releases, designed to promote goodwill and a favorable image.Publicity then is part of public relations when it isinitiated by the firm, usually in the__________ (51 )of press releases or press conferences. Since public relations involves communications with stockholders, financial analysts, government officials, and other non-customer groups, it is usually__________(52) outside the marketing department, perhaps as a staff department or outside consulting firm reporting to top management. This organizational placementcan be a__________ (53) because the public relations department or consultant will likely not be in tune with marketing efforts. Poor communication and no coordination may be the__________ (54). Although the basic purpose of public relations is to provide positive influence__________(55) the public image, this influence generally may be less than__________ (56) provided by the other components of the public image mix.Publicity may be in the form of news releases that have__________ (57) overtones for the company initiated by the public relations department. Publicity on the other__________ (58)should not be divorced from the department marketing asit can__________(59) a useful adjunct to theregu__________lar advertising.__________ (60), not all publicity is initiated by the firm; some can__________ (61) from an unfavorable press as a reaction to certain actionsor lack of __________ (62)that are controversial or even downright ill-advised.The__________(63) we wish to emphasize is that a firm is deluding itself if it thinks its public relations function,whether within the company or an outside firm, can take__________ (64)of public image problems and opportunities. Many factors impact on the public image. Many of these have to do with the way the__________(65) does business, such asits product quality, the servicing and handling of complaints, etc.51.A. matterB. formC. systemD. direction52.A. placedB. approvedC. developedD.changed53. A. desireB. qualityC.limitationD.feature 54.A. imagesB.methodsC.consequencesD.conclusions55. A. inB. forC.onD.at 56.A. allB.thatC.whatD.which57.A. seriousB. negativeC. favorableD. unlikely58.A. sideB. partC. handD.area59.A. produceB. connectC. involveD. provide60.A. Yet B. Otherwise C. FurthermoreD.Rather61. A. makeB. resultC.tellD.keep62.A. activitiesB. actionsC. performancesD. relations63.A. traditionB. contrastC. natureD. point64.A. chargeB.overC.careD.not65. A. managerB.publicC.departmentD.firm2020 年真题Teaching and LearningMany teachers believe that the responsibilities forlearning lie with the student. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be __________ (51)with the information in the reading even if they do notdiscuss it in class or __________ (52) an examination. The ideal student is__________(53) to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of learning, not the one interested onlyin getting high__________ (54). Sometimes homework is returned with brief written__________(55) but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is __________ (56)for learning the material assigned. When research is__________ (57), the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum __________ (58). Itis the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to__________ (59)how a university library works; they expect, students, particularly graduate students, to exhaustthe__________(60) sources in the library. Professors willhelp students who need it,__________ (61)prefer that their students should not be too__________ (62) on them. In the united states professors have many other __________ (63) besides teaching, such as administrative or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend __________ (64)a student outside of class is limited. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either __________ (65)a professor during office hours or make an appointment.51.A. careful B. happyC. familiarD. pleased52.A. needB.takeC.developD.finish53.A. testedB. recognizedC. consideredD.assessed54. A. levelsB. degreesC.gradesD.hopes55. A. tasksmentsC.declarationsD.questions56. A. anxiousB.concernedC.eagerD.responsible57.A. completedB. designedC. assigned58.A. requirementB. guidanceC. effortD. evidence59.A. wonderB.inquireC.speculateD.explain60. A. innerB.personalC.referenceD.natural61. A. butB.evenC.thusD.and62. A. keenB.dependentC.energeticD.active63.A. opportunitiesB. dutiesC. preferencesD. points64.A. withB.forC.overD.along65.A. approachB. troubleC. selectD. catch答案与解析2020 年真题51．B。

第3章概括大意和完成句子◆社会生活类Passage1The Paper Chase1“Running a house is a lot like running a business.”says Stephanie Denton,a professional organizer based in Cincinnati,Ohio,who specializes in both residential and commercial paperwork and record keeping.To get a successful grip on organizing documents,bills,and other materials,Denton suggests the following tips:2Create a space in which you can always do your paperwork.This is perhaps the most important element of a successful system.If you can’t devote an entire desk to the task,at least invest in a rolling file cart to store active paperwork and a two-drawer file cabinet for family records.Store the rolling file cart wherever it is most convenient and comfortable to do your work,whether that is the kitchen,office,or family room.3When in doubt,throw it out.The first step to implementing a workable filing system is to eliminate paper you don’t use,don’t need,or that you could easily access again elsewhere. Throw out duplicate statements,old catalogs,and all of the coupons,mailings,or offerings you’ll never have an opportunity to use or even read.4Set aside two days a month to pay bills.If a monthly due date doesn’t fit into your cycle, call up the creditor and suggest a more convenient date.Keep two manila folders at the front of your system for current bills—one to correspond with each bill-paying day—and file all incoming bills.Keep a list in the front of each folder of what needs to be paid in case the invoice never arrives or gets misplaced.5Think of your filing system not as a rigid tool,but as a living,breathing system that can accommodate your changing needs.A good filing system is both mentally and physically flexible. Everyone’s needs are different,says Denton,but when devising a filling system,ask yourself:“Where would I look for this?”Create main headings for your filing system,such as Investments, Taxes,Children,and so forth,and file individual folders under the main headings.Never overstuff your files.23.Paragraph2______24.Paragraph3______25.Paragraph4______26.Paragraph5______A.Find a Place to Work onB.Implementing a Workable Filing SystemC.What Is a Good Filing SystemD.How to Invest in a Rolling File CartE.Get Rid of Unimportant ThingsF.Dealing with Bills27.Stephanie Denton is expert______.28.You can put your file cart anywhere you like,on condition______.29.Coupons should be thrown away because______.30.“Mentally flexible”indicates the fact______.A.they are uselessB.in paper chaseC.that it is easily reachedD.that different people have different requirementsE.they are not comfortableF.in investing in coupons【参考答案及解析】23.A解析本段的主题句是第一句，意思是说你要为整理文件找到工作的空间，所以选A。

2020年职称英语综合C级概括大意练习题(1)概括大意与完成句子题阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第1－4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2－5段每段选择1个准确的小标题；（2）第5－8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个准确选项，分别完成每个句子。

Estee Lauder Died考试大论坛1 The child of Central European immigrants who created an international cosmetics（化妆品） empire and became one ofthe most influential women in US, has died on Saturday. Estee Lauder died at her home in Manhattan, New York City, a company spokesman said. She was 97.2 Born in Queens, New York in 1908, Lauder was the daughter of a Hungarian mother and a Czech father.3 Lauder began her business career by selling skincare products developed by her uncle John Schotz, a chemist, to beauty salons（美容院） and hotels. In 1930, she married Joseph Lauder who became her partner. The company, which became known as Estee Lauder, took off after World War II.4 In 1953, the company introduced its first perfume（香水）, Youth Dew, the first of a range of fragrances that has now grown to more than 70. they include： Aramis, a line of products for men, launched in 1964; and Clinique, a range of odorless （无嗅的）cosmetics, which followed in 1968.5 By the time she retired in 1995, Lauder was presiding over a multibillion-dollar enterprise, which now ranks number349 in the Fortune 500 list of largest US companies. In 1998, she was the only woman to feature in Time magazine'sselection of the 20 most important business geniuses of the last century. There were two secrets to her success： hergift for selling things and her tireless energy and determination never to accept second best.6 Even after her retirement at the age of 89, Lauder remained closely involved. Beauty, Lauder believed, was the most important thing in life.7 She wrote in her 1985 autobiography, "Estee, a Success Story"： "In a perfect world, we'd all be judged on the sweetness of our souls. But in our less than perfect world, the woman who looks pretty has a distinct advantage and, usually, the last word."1 Paragraph 2__________.2 Paragraph 3__________.3 Paragraph 4__________.4 Paragraph 5__________.A Early careerB ChildhoodC ProductsD RetirementE Cosmetics EmpressF Birth5 Lauder regarded beauty__________.6 Lauder died__________.7 Before marriage, she sold products formulated__________.8 After retirement, she continued to show herinterest__________.A at the age of 97B as the most important thing in lifeC by John SchotzD in 1908E in cosmeticsF on the sweetness of our souls【参考答案】1. F2. A3. C4. E5. B6. A7. C8. E。

2020年职称英语综合C级概括大意练习题(3)概括大意与完成句子题Robots1 The most sophisticated （先进的） Japanese robots, which have vision systems and work at very high speeds, are still based on American designs. Studies of robots, particularly computer control software, are considered to be generally less advanced in Japan than in America or Europe.2 Although industrial robots were originally developed as devices for simply handling objects, today their commonest uses are for more skilled work like welding （焊接）, spray-painting and assembling components.3 In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.来源：考试大4 It has been calculated that a robot uses on average about 100 times more energy than a human to do an equivalent job.5 It is estimated that 20% of all comic book heroes in Japan are robots. This is an enormous number because comics are so popular that they make up a third of all material published in Japan.6 The reliability of robots is measured in their M.T.B.F. or mean time between failures. This has risen from about 250 hours in the mid-1970s to about 10,000 hours today （equivalent to working 18 hours a day for two years）. One way robot manufacturers have increased reliability is to test every single component they buy, instead of the normal procedure of just testing a small sample.7 The biggest single benefit of introducing robots claimed by Japanese companies is that they increase quality control. Once programmed, the robots can work more accurately and consistently than humans, who can get tired and bored.1 Paragraph 2__________.2 Paragraph 3__________.3 Paragraph 5__________.4 Paragraph 6__________.A Ongoing ResearchB Extension of UseC Robot HeroesD Greater ReliabilityE Falling DemandF Hidden Danger5 Even the most sophisticated Japanese robotsare__________.6 Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because__________.7 One disadvantage of using robots is that they consume__________.8 It is claimed that introducing robots is__________.A too much energyB based on American designsC they are too costlyD they are not reliableE good to quality controlF free of charge【参考答案】1. B2. E3. C4. D5. B6. C7. A8. E。

2015年职称英语综合类C级考试真题及答案目录词汇选项 (2)阅读判断 (6)概括大意与完成句子 (10)阅读理解 (15)补全短文 (23)完形填空 (28)词汇选项下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有下划线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）1(单项选择题)Railways are the most important mode of transport for the economy.A.wayB.factorC.objectiveD.source2(单项选择题)The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A.messageB.guiltC.obligationD.punishment3(单项选择题)He said some harsh words about his brother.A.properB.unkindC.normalD.unclear4(单项选择题)I am going as a favor to Ann because I have to.A.partnerB.driveC.guideD.help5(单项选择题)We need to identify the potential problems.A.possibleB.mainC.immediatemon6(单项选择题)When did you first encounter these difficulties?A.createB.presentC.experienceD.resolve7(单项选择题)Don't tempt thieves by leaving valuables clearly visible.A.alarmB.catchC.spotD.attract8(单项选择题)There is a need for radical changes in education.A.revolutionaryB.long-termC.short-termD.systematic9(单项选择题)Under the terms of the contract, you must give 3 months' notice before you leave.A.subjectsB.expressionsC.wordsD.rules10(单项选择题)I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A.limitB.fearC.powerD.fool11(单项选择题)It frustrates me that I'm not able to put any of my ideas into practice.A.discouragesB.showsC.surprisesD.frightens12(单项选择题)The weather last summer was awful.A.badB.fairC.dryD.hot13(单项选择题)The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish14(单项选择题)My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher.A.definitelyB.generallyC.certainlyD.greatly15(单项选择题)He tried to assemble his thoughts.A.gatherB.clearC.shareD.spare阅读判断下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。