2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：42

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Parents often fall into the trap of offering other food in order to（） the child to eat. 问题1选项A.temptB.manipulateC.incenseD.escort【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。

tempt “吸引，诱使”；manipulate “操作，操控”；incense “使激怒”；escort“护送，陪同”。

句意：家长们常常陷入困境，通过别的食物来吸引孩子好好吃饭。

选项A符合句意。

2.翻译题Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on your Answer Sheet.In the U.S., citizens tend to rely on electronic media such as TV rather than print media. TV news tends to provide numerous visuals and abbreviated textual information. (1) Although TV news stories pitch “on-the-scene reporting”, and other eye-catching images to viewers, the actual stories are generally so brief that were the reports transcribed into newspaper copy, no single story would have enough text to cover a third of a page. It is remarkable to consider how little information is conveyed between all the exciting visuals. (2) It is also remarkable to stop and think about how inadequately informed citizens may be if their primary source of political knowledge is the picture-rich and data-poor TV evening news. Moreover, because U.S. media companies are primarily privately owned, (3) media professionals are under pressure to present news in an entertaining way in order to expand their audiences and corresponding advertising revenues. Large audiences create higher profits from advertising sales. With a few exceptions, U.S. TV and radio stations are like other businesses: They need to generate money to cover operating costs and make profits. If media professionals are convinced that viewers want entertaining news rather than in-depth details, this assumption affects the kind of news they produce. Not surprisingly, political scientists have found that news coverage of election campaigns tends to focus on the personal lives of candidates rather than on issues, and (4) when issues are reported the emphasis is often on the immediate and most dramatic implications of the issues, not on the historical, long-term, or global dimensions of those issues.At the same time, insofar as television and Internet-based news must be generated quickly, time pressures impede extensive independent investigations. Because U.S. citizens conceptualize news as something occurring by the hour or minute, U.S. media professionals are often putting together news stories under severe time restraints. (5) Some analysts believe that this increases the tendency of reporters to get information from official sources rather than from the reporters’ own independent investigations of newsworthy events. Think about this issue from the standpoint of reporters and editors. If you are a reporter assigned the task of doing a story on a state’s new prison system, for example, you will find it is quicker and easier to get a governor’s press release on the new prison than it is to go to libraries, data banks, and university research centers to investigate the topic on your own. This does not suggest that investigative journalism never occurs; rather, many scholars believe that time pressures tend to encourage the use of information provided by official sources (for example, political leaders and their press secretaries) rather than the collection of facts through ongoing independent research.【答案】【参考译文】（1）虽然电视新闻故事多推崇“现场报道”或者其他吸人眼球的形象，但是实际上这些故事通常都很简短，要是把这些报道转写成报纸版面的话，它们任何一个都占不了三分之一的版面。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Green plants or other photosynthesizing organisms use light energy from the sun to manufacture carbohydrates for their own needs. Most of this chemical energy is processed in metabolism and dissipated as heat in respiration.问题1选项A.emergedB.convertedC.evolvedD.consumed【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. emerged （从隐蔽处或暗处）出现，浮现B. converted （使）转变，转换C. evolved （使）逐渐形成，逐步发展D. consumed 消耗，耗费（燃料、能量、时间等）【答案】D【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】dissipated的意思为“（使）消散，消失”，指的是大部分能量在呼吸过程中散失，结合语境，consumed与之词义相近，因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项词义与之不符。

【句意】绿色植物或其他进行光合作用的生物利用来自太阳的光能制造碳水化合物来满足自己的需要。

大部分化学能量在新陈代谢过程中被处理，在呼吸过程中以热的形式消散。

2.单选题As we passed over the dark bridge her wan face fell lazily against my coat’s shoulder.问题1选项A.charmingB.cheerfulC.paleD.uneasy【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. charming 令人着迷的，迷人的B. cheerful 快乐的，高兴的C. pale 灰白的，苍白的D. uneasy 担心的，忧虑的【答案】C【考查点】形容词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The years following the publication of Darwin’s work have seen a fabulous development of general and human paleontology.问题1选项A.distinctiveB.parallelC.marvelousD.unique【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. distinctive 独特的，特别的B. parallel 极相似的，同时发生的C. marvelous 极好的，非凡的D. unique 独特的，罕见的【答案】C【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】fabulous的意思为“极好的，绝妙的；很大的，巨大的”，用来形容development，指的是古生物学和人类古生物学发展得特别好，非常迅速，marvelous与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】在达尔文发表著作几年后，古生物学和人类古生物学都取得了惊人的进展。

2.填空题Those Asian Americans whose families have been living in the United States for several generations resent to be singled out and stereotyped as part of a supermajority. They feel that their achievements are only comparable to what otherABCDimmigrant groups have done in the past.【答案】B to be singled out改为being singled out【解析】【考查点】动词。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题As the intelligence of robots increases to match humans and as their cost declines through economies of scale we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environments, harmful to ourselves.ABC D【答案】A humans改为that of humans【解析】【考查点】代词指代。

【解题思路】根据语境，A部分指的是机器智能和人工智能相当，the intelligence of robots和A部分意思对应，结构也应对应，用that指代the intelligence，因此A部分应为that of humans。

【句意】随着机器人的智能达到与人类相当的水平，以及它们的成本通过规模经济降低，我们可以利用它们来拓展我们的疆域，首先是在地球上，借用它们抵御对我们有害的环境的能力。

2.填空题The effort to clarify the bewildering number of interrelated observations ________ by psychoanalytic exploration led to the development of a model of the structure of the psychic system. (cover)【答案】uncovered【解析】【考查点】动词。

【解题思路】根据关键词by，可知横线所在内容为动词的过去分词，uncover的意思为“发现，揭露”，符合语境，其过去分词为uncovered。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Clinton denied the more serious allegations that he had lied under oath about the relationship and had entreated Lewinsky to do the same.问题1选项A.pleadedB.flatteredC.deceivedD.scared【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. pleaded 乞求，恳求B. flattered 奉承，讨好C. deceived 欺骗，蒙骗D. scared 惊吓，使害怕【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】entreated的意思为“恳求，乞求”，指的是克林顿恳求莱温斯基同他一起在两人的关系上撒谎，pleaded与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】克林顿否认了更严重的指控，即他在宣誓后就两人的关系撒了谎，并恳求莱温斯基也这样做。

2.填空题Too often we believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky break. But rarely success is so mysterious.A B CD 【答案】D success is改为is success【解析】【考查点】倒装。

【解题思路】表示否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时，用部分倒装，句子的一般陈述句语序为success is so mysterious，此时is应该提前，因此D部分应为is success。

【句意】我们常常相信别人的成功是某种特殊的秘密或幸运的突破。

但成功很少如此神秘。

3.单选题Facing-port industry has become the basic pillar of economic strength in developed countries and promoted the formation of international production.问题1选项A.circumstanceB.motivationC.backboneD.initiative【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. circumstance 条件，环境B. motivation 动力C. backbone 支柱，骨干，基础D. initiative 主动性，积极性【答案】C【考查点】名词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国社会科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题He doesn’t know much about politics,but he’s always shooting off his mouth about how good he is. He is somewhat of a/an（）.问题1选项A.dogmatistB.adventurerC.braggartD.humbler【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项dogmatist“教条主义者；独断家”；B选项adventurer“冒险家”；C选项braggart“吹牛者；好自夸者”；D选项humbler“谦虚的人”。

句意：他不了解政治，但他总脱口而出夸赞自己有多好。

他多少是个……。

C选项符合题意。

2.单选题The truth about alliances and their merit probably lies somewhere between the travel utopia presented by the players and the evil empires portrayed by their critics.问题1选项A.collaborationB.worthC.triumphD.defect【答案】B【解析】merit“优点，价值，功绩”。

A选项collaboration“合作，勾结”；B选项worth“价值，财产”；C选项triumph“生理，凯旋”；D选项defect“缺点，不足之处”。

B选项与merit“价值”这一意思相近，因此B选项符合题意。

3.单选题Cultural continuities with Africa were not dependent on importation and （）of specific folktales in their pristine form.问题1选项A.perpetuationB.perceptibilityC.perpetrationD.perplexity【答案】A【解析】考查形近名词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-国防科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The tale is based on the ______ idea of a man who remains young while his portrait on the wall grows old.问题1选项A.tentativeB.whimsicalC.querulousD.cynical【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A项tentative“试验性的，暂定的，踌躇的”，B项whimsical“古怪的，异想天开的”，C项querulous“易怒的，暴躁的，爱发牢骚的”，D项cynical“愤世嫉俗的，冷嘲的”。

根据后面的定语从句“挂在墙上的肖像会变老，而他却依然年轻”可知，四个选项中“异想天开的”符合。

句意：这个故事是基于一个人的异想天开的想法，他仍然年轻，而他的肖像在墙上变老。

因此，该题选择B项。

2.单选题Lodger: I’m terribly sorry that I broke your precious vase. I’ll pay for it.Landlady: ____________________问题1选项A.Can’t complain.B.Never mind.C.Relax yourself.D.Take care.【答案】B【解析】考查语义。

句意：对不起，我打碎了你珍贵的花瓶，我会赔的。

别人因损害了自己的利益或冒犯了自己而道歉时，客气的应答为never mind“没关系”，所以B符合；A项“(生活/工作)还行”，C项“放松点”，D项“保重”，都不符合对话场景。

3.单选题We rarely perceive more than a minute ______ of the sights and sounds that fall upon our sense organs; the great majority pass us by.问题1选项A.frictionB.functionC.fractionD.fiction【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Patients usually describe the feeling as _______ and in some cases it can trigger depression.问题1选项A.distractingB.distortingC.distressingD.disabling【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. distracting 使人分心的B. distorting （v.）使变形，扭曲，使失真C. distressing 使人痛苦的，令人苦恼的D. disabling （v.）使丧失能力，使伤残【答案】C【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】横线处形容the feeling，结合it can trigger depression，可知这种感觉让人感到极其不适，distressing符合语境，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合语境。

【句意】患者通常描述这种感觉很痛苦，在某些情况下，这种感觉会引发抑郁。

2.单选题The chief drawback of the adeno-associated virus is that it is small, carrying only two genes in its natural state.问题1选项A.featureB.concernC.defectD.barrier【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. feature 特色，特征B. concern （尤指许多人共同的）担心，忧虑C. defect 缺点，缺陷，毛病（某事物或其制造方式上的错误，意味着不完美）D. barrier 屏障，障碍物【答案】C【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】drawback的意思为“缺点，不利条件（使某事物失去吸引力的缺点或问题）”，这里指的是腺病毒群的缺点，defect与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Toyota said on Tuesday that it will（） its annual year-end sales event early.问题1选项A.give awayB.fix onC.kick offD.bring up【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。

give away “放弃，分发”；fix on “确定，固定”；kick off “开始”；bring up“提出，养育”。

句意：星期二，丰田汽车公司宣布将提前开展其一年一度的年终促销活动。

选项C符合句意。

2.单选题I looked at Mum and thought（） she was as nice as she looked maybe all our lives would have been better.问题1选项A.only ifB.if onlyC.even ifD.even though【答案】B【解析】考察固定搭配。

only if只有；even if = even though即使；if only “要是……就”；句意为：我注视着母亲，心想：要是她像看上去那么和蔼可亲就好了，这样我们的生活也许会变得更好。

选项B符合句意。

3.单选题Mist steals silently in, turns familiar landscapes strange, dampens sounds, ________ vision—then clears suddenly and without warning.问题1选项A.spoilsB.blowsC.tearsD.blurs【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. spoils 破坏，糟蹋B. blows 吹，刮C. tears 撕裂，撕开D. blurs 视线模糊，看不清【考查点】动词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题What is good is thought to be ________ and what is evil is thought to be harmful, but defining good and evil remains a central question of ethics. (benefit)【答案】beneficial【解析】【考查点】形容词。

【解题思路】根据横线前面的be，以及表示并列结构的and，可知横线所在内容为形容词，beneficial“有益的”符合语境，指的是善被认为是有益的。

【句意】善被认为是有益的，恶被认为是有害的，但定义善恶仍然是伦理学的中心问题。

2.单选题Had spring ever been gentle, so endearing before? Had every little scene, every shop window, every face he passed ever been so wonderfully interesting?问题1选项A.attractiveB.favorableC.inspiringD.peaceful【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. attractive 吸引人的，令人愉快的B. favorable 给人好印象的（有好感）C. inspiring 鼓舞人心的，激励的，启发灵感的D. peaceful 安静的，平静的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】endearing的意思为“惹人喜爱的，讨人喜欢的”，这里问春天是否曾经惹人喜爱，让人不自觉地被他吸引，attractive与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】春天曾经如此惹人喜爱吗？他走过的每一处、每一个商店橱窗、每一张面孔，都曾经是那么奇妙而有趣吗？3.单选题The many rivers of Chile are relatively short, generally rising in the Andes and flowing west to the Pacific. In the northern and central regions the rivers are fed primarily by the perpetual snow cover of the Andes.问题1选项A.everlastingB.expansiveC.outwardD.movable【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. everlasting 永久的，永恒的，经久不变的B. expansive 广阔的，辽阔的C. outward 表面的，外表的D. movable 可移动的，活动的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题But as the winter went on, I found it harder and harder to withdraw—either from the events we read and heard about, or from the zeal that seized the students in the seminar.问题1选项A.enthusiasmB.motivationC.evidenceD.process【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. enthusiasm 热情，热忱B. motivation 动力C. evidence 证明，证据D. process （为达到某一目标的）过程，进程【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】zeal的意思为“热情，激情”，指的是研讨会上学生们的热情，enthusiasm与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】但随着冬天的到来，我发现自己越来越难以从我们读到和听到的事件中抽身，也越来越难以从研讨会上学生们的热情中抽身。

2.单选题Despite the recession in Brazil, many job hunters are taking their last savings and investing in English lessons because so many _______ employers want workers with a knowledge of English.问题1选项A.prevalentB.proficientC.prospectiveD.prominent【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. prevalent 普遍存在的，盛行的B. proficient 熟练的，娴熟的，精通的C. prospective可能的，潜在的D. prominent 著名的，杰出的【答案】C【考查点】形容词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Violence in teenage relationships is much more prevalent than previously thought, with those from disadvantaged backgrounds twice as likely to be abused by violent partners.问题1选项A.criticalB.widespreadC.fierceD.brutal【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. critical 批评的，批判性的B. widespread 普遍的，广泛的C. fierce 凶猛的，凶狠的D. brutal 残暴的，兽性的【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】prevalent的意思为“普遍存在的，盛行的”，这里用来形容violence，指的是暴力行为比想象中普遍，widespread与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】青少年关系中的暴力比之前想象的要普遍得多，那些来自弱势背景的人被同伴暴力相对的可能性是其他人的两倍。

2.单选题In her long, but ultimately triumphant career, she has been forced to smuggle birth control supplies under her clothing.问题1选项A.forcefulB.insightfulC.successfulD.influential【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. forceful 强有力的，坚强的B. insightful 有深刻了解的，富有洞察力的C. successful 获得成功的，有成就的D. influential 有很大影响的，有支配力的【答案】C【考查点】形容词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题As more and more African Americans moved away from segregated housing, they had less connection to the vernacular and more occasion to speak standard American English.问题1选项A.restrictedB.isolatedC.outdatedD.exhausted【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. restricted 限制，限定（数量、范围等）B. isolated （使）隔离，孤立C. outdated （新东西）使过时D. exhausted 使筋疲力尽【答案】B【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】segregated的意思为“隔离并区别对待（不同种族、宗教或性别的人）”，这里指的是这些房屋和其他地方是隔离开的，非裔美国人就住在这片区域，isolated与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】随着越来越多的非裔美国人搬离被隔开的住房，他们与当地方言的联系越来越少，在更多场合中说标准的美式英语。

2.填空题A community which collective interests the terrorist organization claims to serve may be terrorized so that their cooperation, loyalty, and support are ensured. Groups that come to power by this means usually continue to rule by terror.ABC D【答案】A which改为whose【解析】【考查点】定语从句。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题Austrian physician Alfred Adler theorized that people are primarily motivated to overcome inherent feelings of ________. (inferior)【答案】inferiority【解析】【考查点】名词。

【解题思路】feelings of ________是名词所有格结构，所以横线处应为名词。

根据关键词inherent feelings，可知这里讲的和感受相关，feeling of inferiority的意思为“自卑感”，inferiority符合语境。

【句意】奥地利医生阿尔弗雷德•阿德勒提出理论，即人们的动机主要是克服内在的自卑感。

2.单选题If you reinstate old-fashioned values about money and work, you can give your children a precious gift: the key to self-sufficiency.问题1选项A.resolveB.restoreC.redressD.resort【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. resolve 解决（问题或困难）B. restore 恢复（某种情况或感受）C. redress 纠正，矫正D. resort 诉诸，求助于【答案】B【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】reinstate的意思为“使恢复原职，使重返岗位”，在这里指的是恢复对传统价值观的信任，让传统价值观再次发挥作用，restore与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】如果你恢复关于金钱和工作的传统价值观，你就可以给你的孩子一份珍贵的礼物，也就是自给自足的关键。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题At the height of the war, more than a million people were displaced and confined to squalid camps.问题1选项A.wetB.tinyC.crowdedD.dirty【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. wet 潮湿的B. tiny 极小的，微小的C. crowded 拥挤的D. dirty 肮脏的，污秽的【答案】D【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】squalid的意思为“肮脏的”，表示难民营很脏，dirty与之词义相近，因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项词义与之不符。

【句意】在战争最激烈的时候，有一百多万人流离失所，被关在肮脏的难民营里。

2.单选题As we passed over the dark bridge her wan face fell lazily against my coat’s shoulde r.问题1选项A.charmingB.cheerfulC.paleD.uneasy【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. charming 令人着迷的，迷人的B. cheerful 快乐的，高兴的C. pale 灰白的，苍白的D. uneasy 担心的，忧虑的【答案】C【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】wan的意思为“苍白无力的，无血色的”，这里形容她脸色苍白，pale与之词义相近，因此C选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】当我们走过漆黑的桥时，她苍白的脸懒洋洋地贴在我的外套上。

3.填空题The family is a cooperative enterprise which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.A BCD【答案】A which改为where或for which【解析】【考查点】从句。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题Contraction of front and side parts of the brain—as cells die off—was observed in some subjects in their thirty, but it was still not evident in some sixty—and seventy-year-olds.AB CD【答案】C thirty改为thirties【解析】【考查点】固定表达。

【解题思路】in one’s thirties意思为“在某人三十多岁时”，这里指的年龄是概数。

【句意】有的人大脑前部和侧部的收缩——随着细胞的死亡——在三十多岁时就能被观察到了，但是也有些人直到六七十岁依然不明显。

2.单选题The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreemen t when he said, “High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.” He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established.My topic is not standards nor its decline. What the speaker was really saying is that he is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generations of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate.Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today’s young people, it naturally follows that today’s English teachers can not be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not commit offenses against the language.1. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that ________.2. In the author’s opinion, the speaker ________.3. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.4. The author’s attitude towards the speaker’s remarks is ________.问题1选项A.the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that of the older generationB.the students had a poor command of English because they didn’t work hard enoughC.the was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen yearsD.English teachers should be held responsible for the students’ poor command of English问题2选项A.gave a correct judgment of the English level of the studentsB.had exaggerated the language problems of the studentsC.was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobsD.could think and speak intelligently问题3选项A.it is justifiable to include English as a school subjectB.the author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 levelC.English language teaching is by no means an easy jobnguage improvement needs time and effort问题4选项A.neutralB.positiveC.criticalpromising【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C【解析】第1题:【选项释义】The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that ________. 作者在文中提到的演讲者认为________。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题At Buffalo Creek, West Virginia, a makeshift dam at a coal mine site collapsed with a loss of more than 100 lives.问题1选项A.fragileB.massiveC.crudeD.temporary【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. fragile 易碎的，易损的B. massive 巨大的，大而重的C. crude 粗略的，简略的D. temporary 暂时的，临时的【答案】D【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】makeshift的意思为“临时替代的，权宜的”，用来形容dam，指的是煤矿工地的临时大坝，temporary与之词义相近，因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项词义与之不符。

【句意】在西弗吉尼亚州的布法罗溪，某个煤矿工地的临时大坝倒塌，造成100多人死亡。

2.填空题The subject of food, like all topics in which the human race has a large and inescapable interest, is something but a simple piece of business. Cooking and eating give rise to a great many horror tales and strange behavior.ABC D【答案】B something but改为anything but【解析】【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】anything but意思为“根本不，绝不”，这里指的是食物不是一件简单的事情。

【句意】食物这个话题，就像所有人类有宏大而不可回避的兴趣话题一样，绝不是一件简单的事情。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The Romans were hardworking and frugal, self-reliant, serious about their responsibilities and steadfast in the face of adversity.问题1选项A.economicalB.cautiousC.courageousD.righteous【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. economical 节俭的，节约的B. cautious 小心的，谨慎的C. courageous 勇敢的，无畏的D. righteous 公正的，正直的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】frugal的意思为“（对金钱、食物等）节约的，节俭的”，用来形容the Romans，指的是罗马人很勤俭节约，economical与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】罗马人勤劳节俭，自力更生，认真履行他们的责任，面对逆境也坚定不移。

2.单选题He has admitted to making a blunder by loading up on this stock during the 2008 oil boom, and just before the stock-market crash.问题1选项A.errorB.riskC.fortuneD.deal【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. error 错误，差错B. risk 危险，风险C. fortune 机会，运气D. deal 协议，（尤指）交易【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】blunder的意思为“愚蠢（或粗心）的错误”，指的是在不恰当的时间囤积了股票，这是一个错误，error与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Long-term water availability is largely determined by the average conditions in a river basin, but it is often extreme events that cause acute water insecurity.问题1选项A.occasionalB.constantC.urgentD.serious【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. occasional 偶尔的，偶然的B. constant 连续发生的，不断的C. urgent 紧急的，紧迫的D. serious 严重的，有危险的【答案】D【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】acute的意思为“十分严重的”，这里指极端事件让水变得非常不安全，有严重的安全问题，serious与之词义相近，因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项词义与之不符。

【句意】长期来说，水资源的可用性在很大程度上取决于流域的平均条件，但往往是极端事件导致严重的在水安全方面的问题。

2.单选题The brick-and-mortar museum that exists in the real world is unlikely to become obsolete, but “visiting” museums in cyberspace is now a common pastime.问题1选项A.hobbyB.fashionC.modeD.pattern【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. hobby 业余爱好（活动）B. fashion （衣服、发式等的）流行款式，时兴式样C. mode 风格，样式D. pattern 模式【答案】A【考查点】名词辨析。