英文写作1-11 unit写作ppt整理

Unit 2 Supporting Details Narration 2012
1.1 Understanding the nature of narration
• Narration is the writing pattern the writers choose when they want to tell the readers how something has happened. In its most common form, narration is the telling of a story, the purpose of which is to illustrate something, persuade or even entertain the readers. Narration is basically composed of three interrelated sections: the introduction, the development, and the conclusion in an essay. The introduction presents an overall theme for the story. With the development, the story generally unfolds in chronological order. The conclusion puts a satisfying end to the story. The focus of a good narration lies in the connection between successive events and actions.
features of English topic sentences
An effective topic sentence is a focused one
with a controlling idea, limited enough to be supported in one paragraph. A too general statement leads to vague generalities, carrying little substantial information. A too specific one leaves little room for further development.
1.1 Topic Sentence
The topic sentence is a general statement that states the main point of a paragraph. In English a paragraph is defined as a logical unit, a collection of sentences centering upon one idea. Therefore, there arises a guiding sentence indicating and controlling the development of this single idea. A wellconstructed topic sentence helps the writer stay focused on what they are going to write about. Also, a paragraph with a clear and direct topic sentence is easier and more comfortable to read. The topic sentence is a basic element of a united paragraph, but it is not compulsory in all writings. Although in modern essays the convention of developing a paragraph under a topic sentence has been challenged in practice, linguists or scholars still regard this structure as the model to be followed in writing. The topic sentence is commonly used in argumentative paragraphs or descriptive ones, but less common in narration.
Unit One Topic Sentence
Question
What makes a good essay? In the previous units, we are taught that a good essay is one free of grammatical or idiomatical mistakes, one polished with certain figures of speech. We pay special attention to the choice of words and phrases, sentence structure and even punctuations. In this term, we will examine a good essay from another aspect, organization. A good essay is well organized and developed with unity. This part focuses on the organization at paragraph level. Three most important aspects involving organization will be dealt with in detail: topic sentence, supporting details and unity ，and coherence at paragraph level.
1.significance： The relationship between
the topic sentence and the rest of the paragraph is much looser in Chinese than that in English. The function of the topic sentence in Chinese is much weaker than that in English in controlling the paragraph development.
1.at the beginning
2.near the beginning or in the middle 3.at the end 4.between the lines
2.3 Chinese topic sentence
the topic sentence in Chinese writing is
I. English Conventions
The traditional English essay generally consists of
three parts: an introductory paragraph, body paragraphs and a concluding paragraph. These paragraphs may be organized in different patterns, but there exists a general feature: each paragraph develops with a topic sentence, followed by a series of supporting sentences. The topic sentence is a principal part contributing to the unity of paragraphs in English writing.
Differences of topic sentence between Chinese and English articles
2.Location：The topic sentence is more
likely to be delayed to the end of the Chinese paragraph instead of the beginning in English. 3.Frequency：Chinese paragraphs display higher frequency of the implied topic sentence than English ones.
1.2 Strategies for writing a narrative paragraph
I. English Conventions
• As a matter of fact, the information in each paragraph should function adequately and reasonably to explain, exemplify, illustrate, define, or in some other way support the topic sentence. Therefore, writers must utilize enough supporting information or details in the paragraph to enable readers to understand the topic sentence. Moreover, writers must make the information clear and specific enough for readers to accept their ideas.