杨立民《现代大学英语精读(3)》(第2版)【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(Unit 3)

Unit4一、词汇短语Text Abeard[]vt.公然反对；抓…的胡须n.胡须；颌毛vi.充当掩护；充当男随员【例句】He razors his beard every morning.他每天早晨刮胡子。

scratch[]v.抓，搔；乱写，划n.抓，搔；起跑线【例句】He scratched the insect bite on his leg(with his nails).他（用指甲）挠他腿上被虫咬的地方。

【词组】start from scratch从头做起，从零开始from scratch白手起家；从头做起on scratch准时，正点【助记】sc（谐音：撕）+rat（老鼠）+ch（拼音：吃）→老鼠撕东西吃→发出刮擦声【派生】scratchy adj.潦草的；草率的；发刮擦声的fountain[]n.泉水；喷泉，喷水池【例句】In the center of the garden，there is a fountain.花园中央有一个喷泉。

olive[]n.橄榄树，橄榄色；（象征和平的）橄榄枝adj.橄榄的，橄榄色的【例句】The olive leaf is a badge of peace.橄榄叶是和平的象征。

scoop[]n.铲子；勺子；独家新闻v.用勺子舀，用铲子铲；抢先获得；抢先报道【例句】She scooped all the national newspapers to get the story.她抢在全国各报之前发表了这一消息。

【词组】scoop out舀出，挖出；接应scoop up用铲子取；兜接，舀上来one scoop of coffee一勺咖啡scoop in筹集，赚钱stroll[]n.散步，闲逛v.散步，遛达【例句】The boy was strolling in the street.男孩在街上闲逛。

【词组】take/have/go for a stroll闲逛，散步，漫步【助记】st（联想：街道）+roll（滚动）→在大街上缓缓滚动→散步。

Unit 1 Your college years1你可曾考虑过作为一个大学生你生活中正在发生和即将发生的变化？你可曾想到过大学时代教授们以及其他教职工为了你的成长和发展制定了目标？你可曾注意过你在从青少年渐渐成人的过程中会发生某些变化？尽管大学生很少想这些，但是在大学生时代很可能会发生一些主要的变化。

2在这段时期，学生们正经受自我认同危机，他们努力要了解自己的身份，掌握自身的优缺点。

当然，优缺点他们兼而有之，且两者都为数不少。

重要的是人们如何看待自己，其他人又如何看待他们。

皮尔斯和兰多曾在一篇文章中探讨了爱立信在《国际社会百科全书》中有关理论，根据他们的观点，性格特征是由先天基因（即父母的遗传物质）所决定，由外部环境而形成，并受偶然事件的影响的。

人们受环境的影响，反过来也影响他们的环境。

人们如何看待自己扮演的这两个角色无疑正是他们性格特征的部分表现。

3学生们经历自我认同危机的时候，他们也开始渐渐独立，但是可能仍然非常依赖父母。

这种介于独立与依赖之间的冲突常常发生在青少年末期。

事实上，这种冲突很可能因为他们选择继续接受大学教育而愈发激烈。

高中一毕业，一些学生便会立即走入社会开始工作。

这种选择的结果就是他们可能他们在经济上获得独立。

但是大学生已经选择了用几年的时间继续掌握新知并且发展自我，因此他们在一定程度上还要依赖父母。

41984年4月杰利弗·A·霍夫曼在《心理咨询杂志》上发表了《即将成人的青年与父母的心理距离》，文章中他提及了人与父母产生心理距离的四个不同方面。

第一，独立处理日常生活的能力，它包括个人独立处理实际事物和自身事务的能力，如理财的能力、选购服装的能力和决定每天工作日程的能力。

第二，态度独立，即个人学会正确看待和接受自己与父母的态度、价值和信仰上的差异。

第三个心理分离过程是情感独立，霍夫曼将这一过程定义为“摆脱父母的认可、亲近、陪伴和情感支持的过分依赖”。

例如，大学生们会随自己所愿自由选择专业，而且并不认为必须征得父母的认同。

杨立民《现代大学英语精读（3）》（第2版）【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】（Unit1）Unit1一、词汇短语Text Acrisis[]n.危机；危险期；决定性时刻adj.危机的；用于处理危机的【例句】Affair have reached a crisis.事情已经发展到了紧要关头。

endeavor[]n.&v.努力，尽力，力图【例句】We must always endeavour to improve our work.我们任何时候都要努力改进自己的工作。

【词组】make one’s(best)endeavor(s)尽全力，竭力【助记】end（最后）+eavor（联想favor）→最后，缘分使努力成为现实。

perceive[]v.感知，察觉；理解，领悟，意识到【例句】Did you perceive a red colour or a green one?你看出来是红颜色还是绿颜色？【词组】perceive sth.as sth.理解或领悟某事物；认为【助记】per（透过）+ceive（取）→透过感觉来拿→察觉。

【派生】perception n.知觉；[生理]感觉；看法；洞察力；获取encyclopedia/encyclopaedia[]n.百科全书【例句】A dictionary deals with words and an encyclopedia deals with facts.词典讲解单词，而百科全书讲解事实。

genetic[]adj.遗传的，起源的【例句】Genetic engineering will have revolutionaryconsequences for mankind.遗传工程将对人类产生深远的影响。

【词组】genetic material遗传物质；基因材料genetic information遗传信息【派生】genetical adj.遗传的；起源的；创始的genetics n.遗传学【助记】gene（基因）+ticendow[]v.资助，捐赠；（with）给予，赋予【例句】Nature endowed her with a beautiful singing voice.大自然赋予她一副美妙的歌喉。

Unit2一、词汇短语Text Asaint[]n.圣人，基督教徒；道德崇高的人adj.神圣的【例句】His silly chatter would vex a saint.他说的话很无聊，多有涵养的人也得气得发火。

convent[]n.女修道会，女修道院【例句】On the way to the station he stopped at Shemardino convent to see his sister.路途中，他在舍马尔基诺修道院下站，去看望他的妹妹。

prance[]v.昂首阔步；欢呼雀跃【例句】The children were prancing about with delight.孩子们高兴得蹦蹦跳跳。

【派生】prancer n.腾跃前进的人；舞蹈者；欢跃者【助记】原指：马后足立地的腾跃。

literacy[]n.有文化，有教养；有读写能力【例句】Literacy is an essential foundation for development and prosperity.识字是发展和繁荣必不可少的基础。

curl[]v.（使）卷曲；卷曲，扭曲n.卷发；卷曲状；卷曲物【例句】The wave curled over the surfer.波浪从冲浪运动员头上盘旋而过。

【词组】curl up蜷缩【派生】curly adj.卷曲的；卷毛的barrel[]n.桶；枪管，炮管vt.把…装入桶内vi.快速移动【例句】The cement is barreled.水泥已经装桶了。

【派生】barreled adj.桶装的；有管的sling[]n.绷带；责难v.扔，甩；投进，投掷；悬挂【例句】The line of flags was slung up between two trees.一排旗帜悬挂在两棵树之间。

【搭配】sling someone out赶走某人，驱逐某人lure[]n.吸引力，魅力；诱惑物vt.引诱，吸引【例句】The enticement of the big city lure her away from her home.大城市的种种诱惑吸引了她离家出走。

Unit 1一、词汇短语Text Astatuette [] n. 小雕像【词组】a china statuette瓷雕【例句】A china statuette of a shepherdess stood on the table. 桌上有一个牧羊女的小瓷像。

eternal [] adj. 永恒的，不朽的；无穷的，无限的【例句】①She felt eternal gratitude to him for saving her life. 她终生感激他的救命之恩。

②I am tired of your eternal arguments. 我讨厌你那没完没了的争论。

【助记】外部(external)世界是永恒的(eternal)诱惑【派生】eternally adv. 永恒地；不朽地eternity n. 来世，来生；不朽；永世lest [] conj. 惟恐，免得【例句】He took a flashlight lest it should get dark before he returned.为了预防回来以前天就黑了，所以他带着手电筒。

leopard [] n. 豹；美洲豹【词组】snow leopard 雪豹spring [] n. 春天；弹簧，发条，弹性；根源，源泉；泉水v. 跳，跃，使跳跃【例句】She sprang out of her chair to greet her father. 她从椅子上跳起来迎接她父亲。

【词组】in spring 在春天spring up 涌现，发生，出现spring from 起源于，出身于spring sth. on sb. 向某人突然说出或提出某事物（令人惊奇或猝不及防）muscular [] adj. 肌肉的；肌肉发达的；强健的【例句】Like most female athletes, she was lean and muscular.像大多数女运动员一样，她精瘦而健壮。

现代大学英语精读3_第二版_unit1、2课文翻译Unit 1 The Power of Music Music is a powerful art form that can bring up emotions, inspire motivation and alter your mood. Studies have shown that music can improve the quality of your life. Listening to music can reduce stress and anxiety, help you sleep better and even increase your memory.音乐的力量音乐是一种强大的艺术形式，可以带来情绪、激发动力，并改变你的情绪。

研究表明，音乐可以提高生活质量。

听音乐可以减轻压力和焦虑，帮助你更好地入睡，甚至增强记忆力。

Unit 2 Healthy Eating Habits Eating healthy foods is important for everyone. Eating a balanced diet of fruits, vegetables, grains and proteins helps us maintain a healthy weight, get enough energy and keep our bodies strong. It's also important to limit unhealthy foods like processed snacks and sugary drinks. Making small changes inyour diet can lead to big improvements in your health.健康的饮食习惯对每个人来说，吃健康的食物都很重要。

现代大学英语英语精读3（第二版）翻译一单元1 他对他的研究如此专心致志，从来没有过很快就要退休的念头。

He is so devotedto his research that it never occurs to him that he will soon have to retire.2 很多人都曾说过，如果没有有效的制约，我们都有滥用权力的倾向。

Many people have observed that without effective checks we all have a tendency to abuse our power.3 有些国家拒绝卷入这一争端，而且他们对外国的干涉非常反感。

some countries refuse to get involved in this dispute and they resent any foreign interference.4 控制沙尘暴需要大量的工作和资金。

The control of sand storms will involve a tremendous amount of work and money.5 你们用这些技术的时候，必须考虑到当地的条件。

You have to take the local conditions into consideration when you apply these technologies.6 所有的申请者都必须填好这些表格，然后邮寄50美元的报名费。

All applicantswill have to fill out these forms and mail in an application fee of 50 dollars.7 他根据对孩子们行为的观察得出结论：学习是一种自然的乐观。

Based on his observation of children’s behavior, he came to the conclusion that learning is a natural pleasure.8 在一个多民族的国家里，各民族之间的和谐需要小心处理。

Unit9一、词汇短语Text Asword[]n.剑，刀；武力【例句】The pen is mightier than the sword.（谚）笔比剑更有力量；文胜于武。

【词组】put to the sword屠杀；杀死cross swords with sb.（与某人）交锋，争论【助记】s（蛇）+word（字）→蛇一说话就吐信子，信子如同蛇的刀controversial[]adj.争论的，引起争论的，可疑的【例句】A controversial film that set the entertainment world on its ear.一部有争议的电影使得娱乐界一片哗然【助记】contro（相反）+vers（转）+ial【派生】controversy n.争论；论战；辩论sovereignty[]n.完全的自主；主权，主权国家【例句】China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity must not be infringed.中国的主权和领土完整决不允许侵犯。

【搭配】territorial sovereignty领土主权【助记】Soviet苏联以前是个主权国家；super+reign超级统治。

upheaval[]n.剧变；动乱【例句】The French Revolution was a volcanic upheaval in European history.法国大革命是欧洲历史上的一次剧变。

【搭配】political,social upheavals政治的、社会的动乱【助记】upheav＝upheave（v.举起，鼓起），al：举起consist[]vi.（in）在于，存在于；（of）由…组成，由…构成；（常与with连用）一致，符合【例句】His job consists of helping old people who live alone.他的工作包括帮助无人照顾的独居老人。

Unit 1Text A课文内容全解1. Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? (L.3, Para.1)adulthood/ˈædʌlthʊd/n. the state of being an adult成年：Many people are able to maintainfriendships into adulthood.很多人能够把友谊维持到成年。

2. During this time, students are going through an identity crisis and are endeavoring to find out who they are and what their strengths and weaknesses are. (L.1, Para.2) 【英释】During this period, students are experiencing an identity crisis and are trying to find out who they are and what their strong and weak points are.3. First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. (L.3, Para.4) 【英释】First, there is functional independence, which includes how an individual can handle his or her practical and personal affairs, such as learning how to spend money wisely, choosing his or her own clothes, and deciding what he or she is going to do every day.4.Fourth is freedom from “excessive guilt, anxiety, mistr ust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father.” (L.12, Para.4) 【英释】Children often feel very guilty in relation to their parents because they think they have done something wrong; they are also anxious because they are eager to please their parents; they sometimes feel unhappy because they think that their parents have not been fair to them; they feel that they are responsible to their parents for everything they do; they are always afraid of not saying the right thing or not behaving properly; all these may make them angry with their parents or make them feel resentful. These feelings reflect their emotional dependence on their parents. When they grow up, they usually strive for freedom from this.5. At the same time, these young adults are learning how to give and receive affection in the adult world. (L.1, Para.6)affection/əˈfekʃn/n.①a gentle feeling of caring and loving喜爱；钟爱：She has great affectionfor her little brother.她很疼爱她的弟弟。

Unit11. 他对他的研究如此专心致志，从来没有过很快就要退休的念头。

He is so devoted to his research that it never occurs to him that he will soon have to retire. 2. 很多人都曾说过，如果没有有效的制约，我们都有滥用权力的倾向。

Many people have observed that, without effective checks, we all have a tendency to abuse our power.3. 有些国家拒绝卷入这一争端，而且他们对外国的干涉非常反感。

Some countries refuse to get involved in this dispute and they resent any foreign interference.4. 控制沙城暴需要大量的工作和资金。

The control of sandstorm will involve a lot of work and money.5. 你们用这些技术的时候，必须考虑到当地的条件。

You must take the local conditions into consideration when you apply these technologies. 6. 所有的申请者都必须填好这些表格，然后邮寄50美元的报名费。

All applicants will have to fill out these forms and mail in an application fee of 50 dollars 7. 他根据对孩子们行为的观察得出结论：学习是一种自然的乐趣。

Based on his (careful) observation of children’s behavior, he came to the conclusion that learning is a natural pleasure.8. 在一个多民族的国家里，各民族之间的和谐需要小心处理。

杨⽴民《现代⼤学英语精读（3）》（第2版）【练习答案】（Unit14）【圣才出品】Unit14⼀、练习答案Answers to Test PaperI.Spelling1.confiscate property2.interrogate the suspect3.current account deficit4.crony capitalism5.tripartite negotiation6.transition mechanism7.national reconciliation8.ultimate concern9.mount a propaganda campaign10.blunder into the swamp11.repeal the Prohibition Law12.repressive measures13.extravagant life/doc/1488604becfdc8d376eeaeaad1f34693dbef107a.html mit treason15.guerrilla warfare/doc/1488604becfdc8d376eeaeaad1f34693dbef107a.html itary fortifications17.sharp conflict18.attempted assassination19.intercept the message20.spontaneous reactionII.Word-Formation1.强制性的；喜欢操纵⼈的2.权威性的；有问题的3.反智主义的；反⽂化；反映4.⽆政府主义者；⼗分糟糕的；⼀⽚混乱的5.说教；（政府全⼒）财政救助；⾮国有化6.多边的；单边地7.防⽔的；防⽕的；防弹的；万⽆⼀失的8.先见之明；偏袒9.⼈死后地；⾮常；冒犯⼈的l0.从统计数字看；⽹民III.Cloze(1)leading(2)whoever(3)either(4)in(5)seen(6)wore(7)but(8)stopped(9)accent(10)rememberIV.TranslationChinese→English1.We cannot go after high GDP regardless of social justice,which is a matter of great importance.If part of the nation’s population is in sharp conflict with all the rest,there will be no social harmony.2.It rests with the younger generation how to handle the problems they have inherited from the past.One of those problems is the choice as to which energy resource we should put the first priority on.Right now,we must particularly be on guard against the temptation of relying on nuclear power.3.Today many of those reservoirs are under severe criticism because they may easily give way in the event of a serious flood.If we dig deep into the cause we may have to trace it back to the50s of the last century when many things were done ina great hurry after a fashion.4.Neither side should try to change the map to its own advantage.This will reduce border conflicts to a minimum and pave the way for the ultimate peacefulsettlement of the border issue between the two nations.5.I think we should now take stock of our economy.Some economists seem to think that the inflation is such that we are heading for a hard landing.But others believe we can export and invest to fight our way out of the economic problems.I don’t know what to make of these arguments.English→Chinese我⽗母已经在退休后移居佛罗⾥达州，我现在患上了空巢综合征。

Unit15一、词汇短语Text Asensation[]n.感觉，知觉；激动，轰动；引起轰动的事件或人【例句】The scandal caused a great sensation in Paris.这件丑闻在巴黎引起了轰动。

【助记】sense感觉，指对感官有很大震撼的，耸人听闻的【派生】sensational adj.轰动的；耸人听闻的；非常好的；使人感动的sculpture[]n.雕刻（术），雕塑（术）；雕刻作品；[地理]刻蚀v.雕刻，雕塑；刻蚀【例句】There are many famous sculptures in this city.这座城市里有许多著名的雕像。

【助记】sculpt（雕刻）+ure（名词后缀）segregate[]v.将…隔离，分开；歧视，不公平对待【例句】Why should I restrict myself，segregate myself?我何必限制自己，孤立自己呢?【助记】se（分开）+greg（团体）+ate→团体分开→隔离，分开【派生】segregation n.隔离，分离；种族隔离omit[]v.省略，删去；遗漏，忽略【例句】Minor points may be omitted.次要点可以删去。

【词组】omit…from…从…漏掉【助记】o（形似）o+mit（送）→全送出去，没有了→省略，忽略personage[]n.人，个人；要人，名人【例句】He was a great and historical personage.他是一位伟大的历史人物。

award[]n.奖，奖品；仲裁vt.授予，奖给；判定【例句】He was awarded a gold cup in acknowledgment of his creative achievements for the development of the company.公司奖给他一个金杯，以感谢他为公司发展所做出的创造性成就。

Unit11一、词汇短语Text Aimmerse[]vt.将…浸入液体；使沉浸在；专心于【例句】He immersed himself totally in his work.他埋头于工作。

【词组】immerse oneself(in)专心于，全神贯注于【助记】im（进入）+merse（联想merge）。

【派生】immersion n.沉浸；陷入；专心statistics[]n.统计学，统计表【例句】Get me a printout of the statistics.给我一份打印出来的统计资料。

data[]n.数据（datum的复数）；资料【例句】We gather up from various sources a great amount of first hand data.我们从各种来源收集了大量第一手资料。

memory[]n.记忆，记忆力；回忆；存储【例句】His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother.他最好的乐曲创作灵感来自怀念他的母亲。

【搭配】in memory of纪念…cherish the memory of怀念（某人）short-term memory短期记忆，短时记忆【派生】memorial adj.记忆的；纪念的，追悼的memorial n.纪念碑，纪念馆；纪念仪式；纪念物memorize vt.记住，背熟；记忆position[]n.（可数）位置；职位；姿势；见解，立场，形势【例句】The troops took up positions along the main road.部队在主要沿线布置阵地。

【词组】be in a position to能够；有做…的机会in position就位；在适当的位置；在原位put oneself in someone’s position设身处地地为…着想【助记】pos（放）+i+tion（名词后缀）→方位，位置denote[]v.指示，表示【例句】A quick pulse often denotes fever.脉搏跳得快常表示发烧。

Unit1一、词汇短语Text Acrisis[]n.危机；危险期；决定性时刻adj.危机的；用于处理危机的【例句】Affair have reached a crisis.事情已经发展到了紧要关头。

endeavor[]n.&v.努力，尽力，力图【例句】We must always endeavour to improve our work.我们任何时候都要努力改进自己的工作。

【词组】make one’s(best)endeavor(s)尽全力，竭力【助记】end（最后）+eavor（联想favor）→最后，缘分使努力成为现实。

perceive[]v.感知，察觉；理解，领悟，意识到【例句】Did you perceive a red colour or a green one?你看出来是红颜色还是绿颜色？【词组】perceive sth.as sth.理解或领悟某事物；认为【助记】per（透过）+ceive（取）→透过感觉来拿→察觉。

【派生】perception n.知觉；[生理]感觉；看法；洞察力；获取encyclopedia/encyclopaedia[]n.百科全书【例句】A dictionary deals with words and an encyclopedia deals with facts.词典讲解单词，而百科全书讲解事实。

genetic[]adj.遗传的，起源的【例句】Genetic engineering will have revolutionary consequences for mankind.遗传工程将对人类产生深远的影响。

【词组】genetic material遗传物质；基因材料genetic information遗传信息【派生】genetical adj.遗传的；起源的；创始的genetics n.遗传学【助记】gene（基因）+ticendow[]v.资助，捐赠；（with）给予，赋予【例句】Nature endowed her with a beautiful singing voice.大自然赋予她一副美妙的歌喉。

Unit1一、词汇短语Text Acrisis[]n.危机；危险期；决定性时刻adj.危机的；用于处理危机的【例句】Affair have reached a crisis.事情已经发展到了紧要关头。

endeavor[]n.&v.努力，尽力，力图【例句】We must always endeavour to improve our work.我们任何时候都要努力改进自己的工作。

【词组】make one’s(best)endeavor(s)尽全力，竭力【助记】end（最后）+eavor（联想favor）→最后，缘分使努力成为现实。

perceive[]v.感知，察觉；理解，领悟，意识到【例句】Did you perceive a red colour or a green one?你看出来是红颜色还是绿颜色？【词组】perceive sth.as sth.理解或领悟某事物；认为【助记】per（透过）+ceive（取）→透过感觉来拿→察觉。

【派生】perception n.知觉；[生理]感觉；看法；洞察力；获取encyclopedia/encyclopaedia[]n.百科全书【例句】A dictionary deals with words and an encyclopedia deals with facts.词典讲解单词，而百科全书讲解事实。

genetic[]adj.遗传的，起源的【例句】Genetic engineering will have revolutionary consequences for mankind.遗传工程将对人类产生深远的影响。

【词组】genetic material遗传物质；基因材料genetic information遗传信息【派生】genetical adj.遗传的；起源的；创始的genetics n.遗传学【助记】gene（基因）+ticendow[]v.资助，捐赠；（with）给予，赋予【例句】Nature endowed her with a beautiful singing voice.大自然赋予她一副美妙的歌喉。

Unit12一、词汇短语Text Aventure[]n.冒险事业，风险项目；冒昧v.冒险；敢于；大胆行事【例句】He ventured more than he could afford on speculative stocks.他冒着承担不起的风险进行股票投机。

【词组】venture on/upon sth.敢于尝试做某事at a venture随便地；碰运气地【助记】发音记忆：“玩车”→玩车一族追求的就是冒险。

【派生】venturous adj.不顾一切的；好冒险的；大胆的enthusiastically[]adv.热心地，满腔热情地；起劲【例句】The announcement was greeted enthusiastically.公告受到人们的热烈欢迎。

acknowledge[]vt.答谢；承认，接受；告知（信件等的）收到【例句】She is acknowledged as the best player of the year.她被公认为是今年最佳选手。

【词组】acknowledge…as认为是【助记】ac（表强调）+knowledge（知道）→已经知道的→承认【派生】acknowledged adj.公认的；被普遍认可的acknowledgement n.承认；确认；感谢mainland[]n.大陆；本土adj.大陆的；本土的【例句】They have relatives on the mainland.他们在大陆有亲戚。

【助记】main主要的land陆地，是主要的陆地。

sip[]v.吸吮，小口喝n.一小口，浅尝【例句】He took another sip of beer.他又抿了一口啤酒。

【词组】take a sip尝一口；小啜；喝一小口sip away一口口喝掉；去掉【助记】音：吸噗，吸啤（酒），吸葡（萄洒），吸品，吸一口茶品一品；soup吮吸汤swamp[]n.沼泽，湿地；煤层聚水v.陷入沼泽；淹没，覆没；使…应接不暇【例句】The soldiers became bogged in the swamp.士兵们陷在沼泽中。

Unit8一、词汇短语Text Afuneral[]n.葬礼，出殡adj.葬礼的，丧葬的【例句】I didn’t see how the committee could handle it,but it wasn’t my funeral.我不知道委员会如何处理这个问题，但这可不是我的事儿。

palm[]n.手掌，掌状物；棕榈树；胜利v.将…置于掌中；欺骗【例句】①Growing along the river are tall palm trees.沿着这条河生长的是高大的棕树。

②He palmed off the fake Swiss watches on the shop keeper.他把假瑞士表骗卖给那家店主。

【词组】grease sb’s palm贿赂某人；打点have sb.in the palm of one’s hand完全掌握某人；完全控制某人grease/oil sb’s palm with买通；向…行贿orchard[]n.果园【例句】After the storm she gathered a basketful of windfalls in the apple orchard.风暴过后，她从苹果园地上拣了满满一篮子苹果。

【助记】看作orange+yard或garden；orchestra管弦乐队在果园里演奏。

brisk[]adj.兴隆的；轻快的，活泼的；凛冽的v.使活泼，活跃起来【例句】He was a vigorous,brisk person.他是一个强壮的，活泼有力的人。

【助记】不risk。

不冒险就难受－充满生机的和有活力的【派生】briskness n.活泼；轻快；敏捷briskly adv.轻快地；活泼地；伶俐地；迅速地fierce[]adj.凶猛的；强烈的，狂热的【例句】The fierce sun parched the bare earth.灼热的阳光炙烤着光秃秃的大地。