课时作业二

课时分层作业二文化与经济、政治(20分钟50分)一、选择题(每小题5分,共35分)1.(2019·遵义高二检测)随着文化产业的兴起,精神文化生产日益走上社会经济生活的舞台,在思想文化和经济生活两个方面都构成国家和社会的“核心竞争力”。

这一事实说明( )A.文化在综合国力竞争中发挥越来越突出的作用B.文化产业是人类社会存在和发展的基础C.文化的力量是综合国力的唯一标志D.文化是人类创造的全部财富的总和【解析】选A。

材料强调文化形成国家和社会的“核心竞争力”,说明文化在综合国力竞争中发挥越来越突出的作用,A符合题意;物质资料的生产是人类社会存在和发展的基础,B错误;C错在“唯一”;财富包括物质财富和精神财富,D错误。

【补偿训练】(2019·青岛高二检测)习近平同志指出,实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦,文艺的作用不可替代。

“文艺的作用不可替代”是因为 ( )A.文化越来越成为综合国力竞争的决定因素B.文化能够给予政治、经济以重大影响C.文化是经济社会发展的基础和决定因素D.文化对经济和政治发展起巨大的促进作用【解析】选B。

本题考查文化的作用。

经济力和科技力是综合国力的基础,是综合国力竞争的决定因素,A说法错误;实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦,要重视文艺的作用,重视文化对经济、政治的反作用,B说法正确;经济是文化社会发展的基础和决定因素,C说法错误;不同性质的文化所起的作用不同,优秀的文化起促进作用,而落后的文化起阻碍作用,D说法错误。

2.山东省从深处挖掘齐鲁文化的丰富内涵,创意策划的“好客山东”文化旅游品牌叫响全国。

它以突出的地域特征、浓郁的文化底蕴、庞大的产业规模,成为山东经济转方式调结构的新亮点,推动全省旅游业跨越发展。

上述事实说明( )A.文化与经济相互交融、相互影响B.文化旅游是文化发展的重点C.创新齐鲁文化的实质是突出区域特征D.充分发挥文化在经济社会发展中的基础性作用【解析】选A。

课时作业(二) Reading and Thinking必备知识根底练进阶训练第一层1．He should be ________ (负责) for his own actions.2．I've been learning English for ten years and I speak ________ (流利) English.3．Martha ________ (毕业) from senior high school two years ago.4．She signed up for ________ (高等) maths last term.5．There is no simple ________ (解决方法) to this problem.6．He has read many of the major works of ________ (文学)．7．I asked for an ________ (额外的) day to finish the work because it can't be finished in a day.8．It's not easy to ________ (停止，戒掉) smoking cigarettes.9．The first part of the project was completed two months ahead of ________ (工作计划)．10．All copy must be printed and sent to the ________ (编辑) by Friday morning.11．I'm totally ________ (糊涂的). Could you explain that again?12．I have been ________ (建议) to go to a big city to find a better job.13．The students began to discuss the ________ (话题) of travelling.14．________ (显而易见), the students should get well prepared for their future.15．I like to ________ (挑战) myself.Ⅱ.选词填空be responsible for， prefer...to...， clean up， suitable for， sign up for，be good at， hand out， keep up with， get prepared for， graduate from 1．I ________ not much ________ this sort of work.2．You know that I ________ chemistry ________ physics.3．You'll ________________ anything wrong.4．The room is dirty; please help me to ________，5．We must ________ the new term.6．The nurse ________ biscuits to the children.7．How many of your old school friends do you ________？8．Which modes ________ students of physics.9．Almost ten years have passed since I ________ ShandongUniversity.10．In order to enrich her knowledge, my sister ________ a distance－learning course.Ⅲ.课文语法填空It is a really big challenge for Adam to go from junior high school to senior high school. The first week was a little 1.________ (confuse). He had to think carefully about which courses 2.________ (take). He believes that Chinese is a very difficult language, but he hopes to speak it 3.________ (fluent) when he 4.________ (graduate). His adviser recommended that he 5.________ (sign) up for advanced literature because he likes English and is good at it. He took an active part in extra －curricular activities. He not only joined the school football team but also joined a volunteer club. 6.________ his coach told him that he didn't play well enough, he didn't quit. He will find a way to improve 7.________ his own to make the team next year. He will study harder as a high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. He is a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in his 8.________ (advance) course. 9.________ (study) hard isn't always fun, but he will be well prepared for 10.________ else comes in the future.关键能力综合练进阶训练第二层Ⅰ.阅读Can you imagine a world without music? Studies show that public schools across the country are cutting back on music classes to save money. Worse, some schools have never had music classes to begin with. But without them, students' academic growth and emotional health could suffer. In fact, music classes are necessary for all students in schools.Recent studies by BrownUniversity have shown that students who received musiceducation classes were better in maths and reading skills than those without music classes. Another study by the College Board found that students taking music and art classes got higher points. Students' academic success seems to depend on their taking part in music education.Music programmes in public schools also help to add to a student's sense of pride and self－confidence. Teens today have too many learning tasks. Besides, they have family problems, self－confidence problems, relationship troubles, and other troubles. All of these can stop academic success, but music education can help. A study by the Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse found that students who took part in school music programmes were less likely to turn to drugs. Music programmes encourage students to work together to produce an excellent performance.Music crosses language, class, cultural and political boundaries (界限). Music allows students from different countries to connect. For example, at a school talent show, a new Japanese student played a piano duet (二重奏) with an American classmate. Although they could not communicate verbally (口头上) , they were able to read the music in order to play the duet. Two students from different cultures worked as a team with self－confidence and common purpose through music.The gift of music is priceless. We need to be sure to have necessary music classes for all students. The world is losing its music, and putting music into schools is the first step to get it back.1．What can we learn about education with music classes?A．It allows schools to make more profits.B．It leads to a lot of emotional problems easily.C．It helps students to improve their schoolwork.D．It has a great influence on the culture of the country.2．What do the two studies seem to show?A．Not all students take part in music lessons.B．Students with great success like to attend music lessons.C．Music plays an important role in students' success.D．Students having music classes are better in all lessons.3．The example in Paragraph 4 mainly suggests that ________.A．different cultures have different styles of musicB．music makes cross－country communication possibleC．Japan has a good international relationship with AmericaD．Japanese and American students are good at playing the piano4．What is the best title for the text?A．How to Get Music BackB．Music Education in SchoolsC．Music—a Bridge to UnderstandingD．The Importance of Listening to MusicⅡ.七选五How to write an email?While many people are accessible by email, sometimes it is difficult to determine how exactly to write an email to them. Here are some tips for you to follow.Write an appropriate subject line. The subject line should tell the recipient (接收者) immediately what the email is about. __1__ Remember that your wording also has to be brief.__2__ It is best to be more formal rather than informal, so when writing to someone you have never met or written to before, a “Dear Jane Smith〞 is appropriate. When addressing someone whom you are a little familiar with, a “Dr. Smith〞 is okay until they tell you to address them by their first name, in which case a simple “Jane〞will be okay.__3__ Within the first two sentences of your email, your recipient should know exactly why you are writing to him. Sometimes an introduction may have to precede (先于) the sentence that states why you are writing, and sometimes it has to follow.Use appropriate language. You may be used to using informal language in certain social settings. __4__ Even when dealing with colleagues or friends you are familiar with, do not immediately fall back on informal language.Keep it simple. People may get dozens and even hundreds of emails a day. __5__ In that way, they can save much of their time when reading emails.A．Use proper greetings.B．Express your ideas clearly.C．State your purpose at the beginning.D．Be as specific as possible when writing the subject.E．However, an email may not be the best place to use such language.F．It is important to check the language to avoid spelling and grammar mistakes.G．It is always easier for them if you keep your email as short and brief as possible.Ⅲ.完形填空Different things usually stand for different feelings. Red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood and life. People say red is an exciting and active color. They associate (使发生联系) red with a strong feeling like __1__. Red is used for signs of __2__， such as STOP signs and fire engines. Orange is the bright, warm color of __3__ in autumn. People say orange is a __4__ color. They associate orange with happiness. Yellow is the color of __5__. People say it is a cheerful color. They associate yellow too, with happiness. Green is the cool color of grass in __6__. People say it is a refreshing color. In general, people __7__ two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. The warm colors are red, orange and __8__. Where there are warm color and a lot of light, people usually want to be __9__. Those who like to be with __10__ like red. The cool colors are __11__ and blue. Where are these colors, people are usually worried. Some scientists say that time seems to __12__ more slowly in a room with warm colors. They suggest that a warm color is a good __13__ for a living room or a __14__. People who are having a rest or are eating do not want time to pass quickly. __15__ colors are better for some offices if the people working there want time to pass quickly.1．A.sadness B．angerC．anxiety D．smile2．A.roads B．waysC．danger D．places3．nd B．leavesC．grass D．mountains4．A.lively B．darkC．noisy D．frightening5．A.moonlight B．lightC．sunlight D．stars6．A.summer B．springC．autumn D．winter7．A.speak B．sayC．talk about D．tell8．A.green B．yellowC．white D．gray9．A.calm B．sleepyC．active D．helpful10．A.the other B．anotherC．other one D．others11．A.black B．greenC．golden D．yellow12．A.go round B．go byC．go off D．go along13．A.one B．wayC．fact D．matter14．A.factory B．classroomC．restaurant D．hospital15．A.Different B．CoolC．Warm D．AllⅣ.语法填空Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school? You will 1.________ (probable) say that they go to learn languages, history, science and some other knowledge. That's quite true, but do you know why they learn these 2.________ (thing)?We send our children to school to prepare them 3.________ the future when they grow up and have to work for 4.________ (they). Nearly everything they study at school has some practical use in their life. But is that 5.________ only reason why they go to school?Actually, there is more in education than just 6.________ (learn) facts. We go to school to learn how to learn, so that when we graduate we can continue to learn.A man 7.________ really knows how to learn will always be 8.________ (success), because when he has to do something new, he will not only be able 9.________ (do) it well himself, but he will also be able to teach others how to do it in the 10.________ (good) way. So the purpose of schools is not to teach languages, history, science, etc., but to teach students the way to learn.课时作业(二) Reading and Thinking必备知识根底练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．responsible 2.fluent 3.graduated 4.advanced 5.solution6．literature7.extra8.quit9.schedule10.editor11.confused 12.recommended 13.topic 14.Obviously 15.challengeⅡ.选词填空1．am good at 2.prefer to 3.be responsible for 4.clean up5．get prepared for 6.handed out7.keep up with8.are suitable for 9.graduated from 10.signs up forⅢ.课文语法填空1．confusing 2.to take 3.fluently 4.graduates 5.(should) sign 6.Although/Though/While 7.on 8.advanced 9.Studying 10.whatever关键能力综合练Ⅰ.阅读【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。

Can you come to my party？Section A Grammar Focus-3c课时作业Ⅰ. 词汇运用(Ⅰ)根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。

1. We are going to have an English e next Monday, so we must study for it.2. —I’m not feeling well and I have a fever.—Maybe you have the f. You’d better see a doctor.3. —Can you play basketball with us on Friday?—Sure! C you on Friday!4. Tom is not a this weekend. He has to look after his little cousin.5. Bob doesn’t play games on w. He only plays them on weekends. (Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空。

6. The boy had a cold, but he refused(take)the medicine.7. Thanks a lot for(invite)me to your house.8. The girl enjoys(hang)out with friends in her spare time.9. —Can you(come)and meet my friends?—Sure. That sounds great.10. He’s pl anning(have)a surprise party for his mum.Ⅱ. 单项选择1. I don’t like the shirt’s color. Can you show me one?A. anotherB. otherC. the otherD. others2.—Would you like to climb mountains with me this Sunday?—I’d love to. But I play table tennis against Class Three.A. am goingB. am going toC. amD. going to3. Will you please invite him in a writing competition?A. joinsB. to joiningC. to joinD. joining4. —Let’s go to the concert tonight, Michael!—Sorry, I. I have to help my mother with the housework.A. mustn’tB. may notC. needn’tD. can’t5. —Can you come to my house for supper?—A. No, I can.B. I think so.C. Sure, I’d love to.D. I hope I can.Ⅲ. 完成句子1. 昨天晚上直到十一点我才去睡觉。

Section ⅡThe Language Points of Reading课时作业(二)对应学生用书P5[基础题]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．It is Mary rather than you who is to b________ for the accident.答案：blame2．[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]But at the moment, school comes first. I don't want to get too a________ in modeling.答案：absorbed3．Has the government a________ that they will build a new highway to the mountain?答案：announced4．If a doctor c________ someone's illness, he makes the person well again.答案：cures5．We'd better not p________ the air by driving cars.答案：pollute6．[2017·江苏高考]Only five years after Steve Jobs' death, smart­phones ________ (打败) PCs in sales.答案：defeated7．[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the ________ (挑战) of her new A­level course.答案：challenge8．You have ________(暴露) the soldiers to risks in fact.答案：exposed9．There was no one to ________ (照顾) him but Tina.答案：attend10．The ________(嫌疑人) is being kept under observation.答案：suspectⅡ.选词填空be exposed to; link ... to ...; be absorbed in; put forward; look into; every time; so that; know about; draw a conclusion; neither ... nor ...1．Heart disease can be ________ smoking.答案：linked to2．We will have a further discussion before we ________.答案：draw a conclusion3．The cat was ________ in the room ________ on the roof.答案：neither; nor4．Those who ________ the deadly virus were separated and treated without delay.答案：were exposed to5．We must study harder ________ we could realize our dreams earlier.答案：so that6．________ I catch a cold, I have pains in my back.答案：Every time7．Since everybody ________ it, I don't want to talk any more.答案：knows about8．I wrote a letter of complaint, and the company has promised to ________ the matter.答案：look into9．He ________ his proposal at the meeting the day before yesterday.答案：put forward10．She ________ so ________ the book that she didn't realize it had been 12 o'clock.答案：was; absorbed inⅢ.单句语法填空1．[2017·北京高考]The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.答案：that 设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词The little problems并在从句中作动词meet的宾语，且先行词前有不定代词little修饰，所以应用关系代词that引导该从句。

课时分层作业(二) 科学社会主义的理论与实践(建议用时：45分钟)[达标必做]1．空想社会主义的发展经历了三个阶段。

19世纪的空想社会主义是最高阶段，这一阶段代表人物是( )A．托马斯·莫尔、托马斯·闵采儿B．摩莱里、马布利C．圣西门、傅立叶、欧文D．托马斯·康帕内拉C[16世纪初17世纪末，早期空想社会主义代表人物是托马斯·莫尔、托马斯·闵采儿和托马斯·康帕内拉；18世纪空想社会主义代表人物是摩莱里、马布利；19世纪的空想社会主义是最高阶段，代表人物是圣西门、傅立叶、欧文。

C项正确。

]2．空想社会主义之所以是空想，其原因在于空想社会主义者( )①仅从理性、正义等原则出发，揭露资本主义的弊端和设计未来社会的美好蓝图②没有看到资本主义的本质③主张阶级斗争与社会革命④看到了人民群众的力量A．①②B．②③C．②④ D．③④A[空想社会主义之所以是空想，其原因在于空想社会主义者反对阶级斗争与社会革命，没有看到人民群众特别是广大无产阶级的力量，③④错误；①②符合题意。

] 3．无产阶级反对资产阶级的斗争有三种基本形式。

这三种基本形式是( )A．经济斗争、政治斗争和思想斗争B．经济斗争、政治斗争和文化斗争C．经济斗争、组织斗争和思想斗争D．政权斗争、政治斗争和思想斗争A[无产阶级反对资产阶级的斗争有三种基本形式，即经济斗争、政治斗争和思想斗争，A项正确。

]4．十九世纪三四十年代，以资本主义世界爆发的三大工人运动为标志，工人阶级开始作为独立的政治力量登上历史舞台。

这三大工人运动是( )①法国里昂工人运动②英国“宪章运动”③德意志西里西亚纺织工人运动④“十月革命”A．①②③ B．②③④C．①②④D．①③④A[三大工人运动分别是法国里昂工人运动、英国“宪章运动”和德意志西里西亚纺织工人运动，①②③正确。

]5．标志着将马克思主义关于无产阶级革命理论变为现实，建立世界上第一个社会主义国家的是( )A．巴黎公社B．“十月革命”C．《共产党宣言》的发表D．科学社会主义的创立B[“十月革命”将马克思主义关于无产阶级革命理论变为现实，建立了世界上第一个社会主义国家，实现了科学社会主义从理论到现实的历史性飞跃，B项正确。

Why don’t you talk to your parents?Section A (3a-4c)一．用词的适当形式填空：1. Last year he usually felt bored with his study and his grades ____________(drop).2. Do you mind __________(open) the window?3. I want to do it in a p_________way. But I don’t know how to do it.4. Alice ________ (厌恶)to do the dishes, but she likes sweeping the floor.5. Playing computer games too much is a ________(浪费) of your time.6. My bike is broken. Could you ________ (借给)me yours, please?7. His parents are very busy. They have little time to c ________with their children.8. He is ready to help others, and he always o money to the people in the poor villages.9. If you borrow books from the library, you should r ___them on time.10. I feel really n _____(紧张的)before the final examination.11. P ______(也许)he will come for afternoon tea,but I’m not sure.12.When I came in, I found him _________(write) something on his seat..13.A Malaysia airplane was missing on March 8th, can you i what happened to thisplane? Was it exploded （爆炸）or being hijacked (劫持了)?14. We should tell them ____________(not wear) the unusual clothes.15. We must study hard and be a ______________(success)person.16. There parents aren’t here,so they look after ________________(they).17. This is a _______________(type) farmer family.18. China is improving(改善)___________(关系)with other countries.19. I don’t know when he will come tomorrow. I will call you as soon as he _______(arrive)20. W_________I said, he didn’t agree with me.二．单项选择：1. I had a hard time with math and I wasn’t ______ to get the bad report from my math teacher.A. sureB. surprisedC. excitedD. interested2. I’m going to take a vacation. Could you please _____me _____some information aboutinteresting places to travel?A. offer, toB. offer, forC. provide, withD. provide, for3. Few people think about what they can do _______others.A. helpB. to helpC. helpingD. helped4---Do you mind _________your room?---No, I’l l do that after finishing _________this article.A. clean, writeB. clean, writingC. cleaning, writeD. cleaning, writing5. Mr. Black asks the kids ________ in the river, because it’s too dangerous.A. swimB. to swimC. not to swimD. swims6. Mr.Li asks us to remember that ____careful we are,_____mistakes we will make.A. the more,the lessB.the more, the moreC. the more, the fewerD. the less, the fewer7. Mary’s grandpa is always ______ in the mountain village.He tells her he feels very______. So she’s going to visit him next week.A. alone; aloneB. lonely; lonelyC. lonely; aloneD. alone; lonely8. Thank you for your help, Linda. You made ________ possible for us to finish the work in time.A. thisB. itC. themD. that9. My sister ______ go to bed _______ my mother came back last night.A. not untilB. doesn't; untilC. didn't; untilD. aren't; until10. Can you _______ me your bike?---With pl easure. But you mustn’t ____ it to others.A. lend, borrowB. borrow, lendC. lend, lendD. borrow, borrow11. ---I am not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.----_____. I have to clean up my bedroom.A. So am IB. Neither am IC. neither I amD. so I am12. Could you please_____ the piano so loudly? Your brother is having a rest now.A. not to playB. not playC. don’t playD. to not play13. This math question is too difficult. Can you help me ?A.work on itB.work out itC.work it outD.work for it14.—What’s wrong?—I can’t do my homework now. I my homework in the classroom this morning.A.leaveB.forgetC.forgotD.left15. He is very angry with his mother, because his mother always him with the best student.paresplainsC.tellsD.makes16. He should the teacher.A.explainB.explain toC.explainedD.explained to17. —— Hurry up. The bus is coming!——Oh, no, we mustn’t cross the street ______ the traffic lights are green.A. afterB. sinceC. whenD. before18. ---Could I watch TV? ---No, you ___. You ____finish your homework first.A. can’t, mustB. can’t, canC. couldn’t, mustD. couldn’t, can19. ---Could I _____your bicycle? ---Sure, and you can ______for a week.A. borrow, borrowB. borrow, keepC. lend, lendD. lend, borrow20. Mary will make a plan as soon as she ____________her homework.A. finishesB. finishC. will finishD. finished参考答案一. 1dropped, 2 open 3. proper 4. hates 5waste 6. lend 7. communicate8. offers 9. return 10. nervous 11. perhaps 12. writing 13. imagine 14. not to wear 15. successful 16. themselves 17. typical 18. relations 19. arrives 20. whatever二．单项选择：1---5. BCBDC 6---10. CDBCC 11---15. BBCDA 16---20. BDABA。

6.4.3 第2课时正弦定理A 级 基础达标一、选择题1．从A 处望B 处的俯角为α，从B 处望A 处的仰角为β，则α，β的关系为( )A ．α>βB ．α＝βC ．α＋β＝90°D ．α＋β＝180° 2．如图所示，飞机的航线和山顶在同一个铅垂面内，若飞机的高度为海拔18 km ，速度为1 000 km/h ，飞行员先看到山顶的俯角为30°，经过1 min 后又看到山顶的俯角为75°，则山顶的海拔高度为(精确到0.1 km ，参考数据：3≈1.732)( )A ．11.4 kmB ．6.6 kmC ．6.5 kmD ．5.6 km3．在静水中划船的速度是每分钟40 m ，水流的速度是每分钟20 m ，如果船从岸边A 处出发，沿着与水流垂直的航线到达对岸，那么船前进的方向指向河流的上游并与河岸垂直的方向所成的角为( )A.π4B.π3C.π6D.512π 4．要测量底部不能到达的东方明珠电视塔的高度，在黄浦江西岸选择甲、乙两观测点，在甲、乙两点测得塔顶的仰角分别为45°，30°，在水平面上测得电视塔与甲地连线及甲、乙两地连线所成的角为120°，甲、乙两地相距500米，则电视塔在这次测量中的高度是( )A ．1002米B ．400米C ．2003米D ．500米5．如图所示，两座相距60 m 的建筑物AB ，CD 的高度分别为20 m ，50 m ，BD 为水平面，则从建筑物AB 的顶端A 看建筑物CD 的张角∠CAD 等于( )A．30°B．45°C．60°D．75°二、填空题6．如图，为测量山高MN，选择A和另一座山的山顶C为测量观测点．从A点测得M点的仰角∠MAN＝60°，C点的仰角∠CAB＝45°以及∠MAC＝75°；从C点测得∠MCA＝60°.已知山高BC＝100 m，则山高MN＝________m.7．如图，小明同学在山顶A处观测到，一辆汽车在一条水平的公路上沿直线匀速行驶，小明在A处测得公路上B，C两点的俯角分别为30°，45°，且∠BAC＝135°.若山高AD＝100 m，汽车从C点到B点历时14 s，则这辆汽车的速度为________m/s(精确到0.1，参考数据：2≈1.414，5≈2.236)．8．如图所示，一船在海上自西向东航行，在A处测得某岛M位于北偏东α，前进m海里后在B处测得该岛位于北偏东β，已知该岛周围n海里范围内(包括边界)有暗礁，现该船继续东行，当α与β满足条件__________时，该船没有触礁危险．三、解答题9．为测量某塔的高度，在A，B两点进行测量的数据如图所示，求塔的高度．10．如下图所示，一辆汽车在一条水平的公路上向正西行驶，到A处时测得公路北侧远处一山顶D在西偏北15°的方向上，行驶5 km后到达B处，测得此山顶在西偏北25°的方向上，仰角为8°，求此山的高度CD(精确到1 m)．B级能力提升1．在某个位置测得某山峰仰角为θ，对着山峰在地面上前进600 m后测得仰角为2θ，继续在地面上前进200 3 m以后测得山峰的仰角为4θ，则该山峰的高度为()A．200 m B．300 m C．400 m D．100 3 m2．如图所示，一船自西向东匀速航行，上午10时到达一座灯塔P的南偏西75°距塔68海里的M处，下午2时到达这座灯塔的东南方向的N处，则这只船航行的速度为________海里/时．3.如图，A，B是海面上位于东西方向相距5(3＋3)海里的两个观测点．现位于A点北偏东45°，B点北偏西60°的D点有一艘轮船发出求救信号，位于B点南偏西60°且与B点相距203海里的C点的救援船立即前往营救，其航行速度为30海里/时，该救援船到达D点需要多长时间？——★ 参*考*答*案 ★——A 级 基础达标一、选择题1．『『解 析』』由仰角和俯角的概念得α＝β.『『答 案』』B2．『『解 析』』因为AB ＝1 000×160＝503，C ＝75°－30°＝45°， 所以BC ＝AB sin 45°·sin 30°＝5032. 所以航线离山顶h ＝5032×sin 75°＝5032×sin(45°＋30°)≈11.4. 所以山高为18－11.4＝6.6(km)．『『答 案』』B3．『『解 析』』设水流速度与船速的合速度为v ，方向指向对岸．则由题意知，sin α＝v 水v 船＝2040＝12，又α∈⎝⎛⎭⎫0，π2，所以α＝π6.『『答 案』』C4．『『解 析』』由题可得下图，其中AS 为塔高，设为h ，甲、乙分别在B 、C 处．则∠ABS ＝45°，∠ACS ＝30°，BC ＝500，∠ABC ＝120°，所以在△ABS 中，AB ＝AS ＝h ，在△ACS 中，AC ＝3h ，在△ABC 中，AB ＝h ，AC ＝3h ，BC ＝500，∠ABC ＝120°.由余弦定理(3h )2＝5002＋h 2－2·500·h ·cos 120°，所以h ＝500(米)．『『答 案』』D5．『『解 析』』依题意可得AD ＝2010 m ，AC ＝30 5 m ，又CD ＝50 m ，所以在△ACD 中，由余弦定理得，cos ∠CAD ＝AC 2＋AD 2－CD 22AC ·AD ＝（305）2＋（2010）2－5022×305×2010＝ 6 0006 0002＝22， 又0°<∠CAD <180°，所以∠CAD ＝45°，所以从顶端A 看建筑物CD 的张角为45°.『『答 案』』B二、填空题 6．『『解 析』』根据图示，AC ＝100 2.在△MAC 中，∠CMA ＝180°－75°－60°＝45°.由正弦定理得AC sin 45°＝AM sin 60°⇒AM ＝100 3. 在Rt △AMN 中，MN AM＝sin 60°， 所以MN ＝1003×32＝150 (m)． 『『答 案』』1507．『『解 析』』由题意，AB ＝200 m ，AC ＝100 2 m ，由余弦定理可得BC ＝40 000＋20 000－2×200×1002×⎝⎛⎭⎫－22≈316.23 m ， 所以这辆汽车的速度为316.23÷14≈22.6 m/s.『『答 案』』22.68．『『解 析』』在△ABM 中，由正弦定理得BM sin （90°－α）＝m sin （α－β）， 故BM ＝m cos αsin （α－β）， 要使该船没有触礁危险需满足BM sin(90°－β)＝m cos αcos βsin （α－β）>n . 所以当α与β满足m cos αcos β>n sin(α－β)时，该船没有触礁危险．『『答 案』』m cos αcos β>n sin(α－β)三、解答题9．解：在△ABT 中，∠ATB ＝21.4°－18.6°＝2.8°，∠ABT ＝90°＋18.6°，AB ＝15.根据正弦定理，15sin 2.8°＝AT cos 18.6°，AT ＝15×cos 18.6°sin 2.8°. 塔的高度为AT ×sin 21.4°＝15×cos 18.6°sin 2.8°×sin 21.4°≈106.19(m)．10．解：在△ABC 中，∠A ＝15°，∠C ＝25°－15°＝10°，根据正弦定理，BC sin A ＝AB sin C ，BC ＝AB sin A sin C ＝5sin 15°sin 10°≈7.452 4(km)． CD ＝BC ·tan ∠DBC ≈BC ·tan 8°≈1 047(m)．B 级 能力提升1．『『解 析』』如下图所示，△BED ，△BDC 为等腰三角形，BD ＝ED ＝600，BC ＝DC ＝200 3.在△BCD 中，由余弦定理可得cos 2θ＝6002＋（2003）2－（2003）22×600×2003＝32，所以2θ＝30°，4θ＝60°. 在Rt △ABC 中，AB ＝BC ·sin 4θ＝2003×32＝300(m)． 『『答 案』』B2．『『解 析』』由题可知PM ＝68，∠MPN ＝120°，N ＝45°， 由正弦定理MP sin 45°＝MN sin 120°得MN ＝68×32×2＝34 6. 所以速度v ＝3464＝1726(海里/时)． 『『答 案』』1726 3.解：由题意知AB ＝5(3＋3)海里，因为∠DBA ＝90°－60°＝30°，∠DAB ＝90°－45°＝45°， 所以∠ADB ＝180°－(45°＋30°)＝105°.在△DAB 中，由正弦定理得BD ＝AB ·sin ∠DAB sin ∠ADB＝5（3＋3）·sin 45°sin 105° ＝5（3＋3）·sin 45°sin 45°cos 60°＋cos 45°sin 60°＝53（3＋1）3＋12＝103(海里)． 又∠DBC ＝∠DBA ＋∠ABC ＝30°＋(90°－60°)＝60°，BC ＝203海里，在△DBC 中，由余弦定理得 CD 2＝BD 2＋BC 2－2BD ·BC cos ∠DBC ＝300＋1 200－2×103×203×12＝900， 所以CD ＝30(海里)，所以需要的时间t ＝3030＝1(小时)．。

Unit 4 History and Traditions课时作业(二) Reading and Thinking必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层基础知识Ⅰ.单词拼写1．What ________ (迷惑) me is why he left the country without telling anyone.2．Though they all live ________ (在附近), I lost contact with them really quickly.3．The attack has caused severe damage to American naval and ________ (军事的) forces.4．Her son was killed in ________ (战役)．5．Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to ________(征服) other parts of the world.6．The ship was back in ________ (港口) after a week.7．You can exchange your ________ (货币) for dollars in the hotel.8．The immune system is our main ________ (防御) against disease.9．There is no ________ (证据) to support this theory.10．She knew the exact ________ (位置) of the college.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．When I was walking on the street, I saw two travelers were reading a map, looking ________ (puzzle)．2．The teacher, as well as his students, ____________ (sing) a song when I passed the classroom.3．It was ________ (evidence) that she had once been a beauty.4．He sought ________ (legally) advice from us on this matter.5．Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for her great ____________ (achieve)．6．The professor ________ (refer) to yesterday will come here tomorrow.7．The first thing he looked at was his office's ________ (locate)．8．All of the villagers were fighting against the flood in ________ (defend) of their own homes.9．________ (surround) by rows of trees, our school stands out from all the other buildings.10．All the things in this room belong ________ him.Ⅲ.完成句子1．我爷爷住在一个三面环水的小村庄。

第12课石钟山记Ⅰ语言素养专练1．下列句子中，加点词语的解释不正确的一项是()A．微风鼓．浪，水石相搏鼓：激荡，掀动B．桴止响腾．，余韵徐歇腾：传播C．余自齐安舟行适．临汝适：往、到D．汝识．之乎识：认识答案D解析识：知道。

2．下列句子中，加点词的古今意义相同的一项是()A．郦元以为．．而多窍．．下临深潭B．空中C．此世所以．．．．不传也D．自以为得其实答案A解析B项古义：中间是空的。

今义：天空中；属性词，指通过无线电信号传播而形成的。

C项古义：特殊的指示代词“所”与介词“以”的结合，相当于“……的原因”。

今义：表示因果关系的连词。

D项古义：其，代词，那；实，名词，事情的真相。

今义：副词，表示所说的是实际情况(承上文，多含转折意)。

3．下列句子中，“焉”用作兼词的一项是()A．彭蠡之口有石钟山焉．B．于乱石间择其一二扣之，硿硿焉．C．微波入焉．，涵澹澎湃而为此也D．与向之噌吰者相应，如乐作焉．答案C解析A、D两项均为语气助词；B项相当于“然”，拟声词词尾。

4．下列对加点词意义的归类，正确的一项是()①自以为得．其实②因得．观所谓石钟者③自以为得．之矣④得．双石于潭上⑤不入虎穴，焉得．虎子⑥古人之观于天地、山川、草木、虫鱼、鸟兽，往往有得．A．①⑤⑥/②/③④B．①②③⑤/④/⑥C．①③④⑤/②/⑥D．①②③④/⑤/⑥答案C解析①③④⑤得到；②能够；⑥心得。

5．下列句子中，加点词的用法不同于其他三项的一项是()A．余自齐安舟．行适临汝B．虽大风浪不能鸣．也C．事不目．见耳．闻，而臆断其有无，可乎D．士大夫终不肯以小舟夜．泊绝壁之下答案B解析A项舟：名词作状语，乘船。

B项鸣：动词的使动用法，使……发出声响。

C项目、耳：名词作状语，用眼睛；用耳朵。

D项夜：名词作状语，在夜里。

6．下列句子中，句式不同于其他三项的一项是()A．噌吰者，周景王之无射也B．此世所以不传也C．古之人不余欺也D．此余之所得也答案C解析C项为宾语前置句。

Period 2 Understanding ideas课时作业(二)[基础训练]Ⅰ单词拼写1．I am going to buy a ________ (数字的) camera for my friend who likes taking photos.答案：digital2．Leaflets have been ________ (递送) to every household.答案：delivered3．I would ________ (更喜欢) it if you didn't tell anyone.答案：prefer4．My old friend Jack and I have always ________ (保持，维持) close relations.答案：maintained5．I have a good command of oral English, which ________ (使能够) me to hold the position.答案：enablesⅡ单句语法填空1．It's cheaper if you book the tickets ________ advance.答案：in in advance固定短语，意为“提前，预先”。

2．It must be kept ________ mind that there is no secret of success but hard work.答案：in keep ... in mind固定短语，意为“牢记”。

3．The number of local people now supporting him has increased ________ (significant)．答案：significantly 所填词修饰句子的谓语动词has increased，应用副词，故填significantly。

⾼⾼政治课时作业（⾼）积极维护⾼⾼权利⼀、基础过关(共12题，共36分)1.（3分）2022年2月10日，国务院港澳办发言人就香港抗击第五波疫情指出：“中央政府将继续全力支持香港特别行政区政府坚守人民至上、生命至上的理念，按照‘动态清零”的目标和策略，共同做好防控新冠肺炎疫情蔓延的工作。

”这是因为①生命权、身体权和健康权是一个人最基础的权利②生命权、身体权和健康权是享受其他权利的基本保障③生命是自然人最高的人身利益④身体是承载生命健康的精神载体A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④2.（3分）12岁女孩小敏遭受养母古某的虐待，致其面部、手部、脚部等多处受伤。

此案中古某侵犯了小敏的A.生命权B.生存权C.肖像权D.身体权3.（3分）在我国，自然人享有生命权、身体权、健康权，侵犯自然人的生命权、身体权、健康权要承担相应的法律责任，哪怕是大义灭亲，也是不允许的。

这是因为A.大义灭亲是侵害健康权的行为B.大义灭亲是侵害生命权的行为C.漠视生命权是一个全球性问题D.生命一旦诞生就具有社会责任4.（3分）下列行为属于侵犯公民生命健康权的是①杀人②家养的动物咬伤他人③教室里的日光灯自然脱落砸伤了学生④装鬼吓人导致他人精神分裂⑤当众辱骂他人⑥故意把公民的照片当靶子射击⑦捏造事实中伤他人⑧排污使人中毒致残A.①②③④③B.①②③④⑥C.①③⑤⑦⑧D.①④⑤⑥⑦5.（3分）下列不属于侵犯他人姓名权的行为是A.假冒他人姓名B.盗用他人姓名C.与他人同名D.禁止他人使用某个姓名6.（3分）下列行为中，属于侵犯自然人姓名权的是A.同学甲给同学乙取侮辱性的绰号B.同学甲将同学乙的照片作为投飞镖的靶子C.同学甲上学迟到，在门卫登记册上签了同学乙的名字D.同学甲玩玩具，碰伤了过路的行人张某7.（3分）小明用某Al换脸软件将一段恶搞视频里男主角的脸换成了自己同事小王的脸，并在社交媒体平台上进行传播，这对小王造成了许多困扰。

在这一案例中A.小明侵犯了小王的肖像权B.小明侵犯了小王的姓名权C.小明侵犯了小王的荣誉权D.小明没有侵犯小王的合法权益8.（3分）李某和张某系同班同学，均为7岁。

Unit 2 Cloning Grammar课时作业第一节完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I was a self-employed writer. But I had been in a bad 1 since my new neighbor moved in. Whenever I became 2 to write, I could hear a girl singing next door. She didn’t sing well at all, even3 -it was absolutely a headache for me.4 , it became a daily routine for me to5 . How couldI keep up my 6 and go on writing?One day, it was too noisy and my thoughts were entirely 7 . I had my husband go to 8 her about the matter. Minutes later, he returned. “That girl is only 17,” he9 with a sad look, “but she has bone cancer.” My mind suddenly went10 . “Her mother said tha t the more 11 it is, the louder her daughter sings. It helps her 12 the pain. The poor mother begs our pardon for interrupting us.” In a flash, I felt guilty about my thoughtless13 .From that day on, I no longer felt anything 14 , and even got used to her singing-I felt as if15 by the smell of flowers. Afterwards I was on business and happened to know the girl had been16 into a hospital. When I returned home in late summer, I 17 felt that something was 18 . I couldn’t hear the girl next door sing anymore.“However hard the winds blow, you will stray(走失) no more from my 19 …You shall believe that I am brave only with you…” Her singing always20 in my mind. I hope the voice is everlasting for you, me, and everyone.1. A. appetite B. condition C. mood D. state2. A. bored B. inspired C. safe D. afraid3. A. out of place B. out of fashion C. out of order D. out of tune4. A. Gradually B. Suddenly C. Surprisingly D. Particularly5. A. understand B. explain C. tolerate D. follow6. A. interests B. head C. hope D. spirits7. A. disturbed B. lifted C. buried D. touched8. A. indicate B. approach C. complain D. scold9. A. cried B. yelled C. sighed D. declared10. A. cold B. silent C. calm D. blank11. A. hurtful B. wonderful C. effortless D. difficult12. A. accelerate B. gather C. ease D. cover13. A. manners B. step C. movement D. action14. A. personal B. wrong C. complicated D. stubborn15. A. blown B. absorbed C. greeted D. moved16. A. admitted B. laid C. transformed D. suspended17. A. instead B. somehow C. otherwise D. anymore18. A. explicit B. abstract C. complex D. missing19. A. company B. distinction C. prejudice D. reputation20. A. develops B. rises C. flows D. changes第二节语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

取竖直向下为正方向)()要依据平抛运动在竖直方向上的分速度v y的大小及方向随时间的变化规律，结合图象的特点进行分析，作出推断．平抛运动的竖直分运动是自由落体运动，竖直竖直方向上的分速度v y随时间变化的图线应是过原点的一条倾斜直线，MN的左侧某点则所有抛出的小球在碰到墙壁前瞬间向延长线必交于水平位移OA 的中点，选项A 正确．答案：A5．以v 0的速度水平抛出一物体，当其水平分位移与竖直分位移相等时，下列说法错误的是( )A ．速度的大小是5v 0B ．运动时间是2v 0gC ．竖直分速度大小等于水平分速度大小D ．运动的位移是22v 20g解析：当其水平分位移与竖直分位移相等时，v 0t ＝12gt 2，可得运动时间t ＝2v 0g ，水平分速度v x ＝v 0，竖直分速度v y ＝gt ＝2v 0，合速度v ＝v 2x ＋v 2y ＝5v 0，合位移s ＝x 2＋y 2＝22v 2g ，对比各选项可知说法错误的是选项C.答案：C二、多项选择题6．关于平抛运动，下面的几种说法不．正确的是( ) A ．平抛运动是一种不受任何外力作用的运动B ．平抛运动是曲线运动，它的速度方向不断改变，不可能是匀变速运动C ．平抛运动可以分解为水平方向的匀速直线运动和竖直方向的自由落体运动D ．所有只受重力作用的物体都做平抛运动解析：平抛运动的物体只受重力，加速度为重力加速度，所以为匀变速曲线运动，A 错误、B 错误；由于水平方向速度不变，所以选项C 正确．答案：ABD7．关于平抛运动，下列说法正确的是( )A ．由t ＝xv 0可知，做平抛运动的物体的初速度越大，飞行的时间越短B ．由t ＝2hg 可知，做平抛运动的物体下落的高度越大，飞行的时间越长C ．任意连续相等的时间内，做平抛运动的物体下落的高度之比为135……D ．任意连续相等的时间内，做平抛运动的物体运动速度的改变量相等解析：由t ＝xv 0来计算时间，因x 不确定，故不能说v 0越大则t 越小，选项A 错误；物体做平抛运动的时间t ＝2hg ，因g 一定，故t ∝h ，选项B 正确；C 选项中没有说明从什么时间开始计时，故下落高度之比未必是135……，选项C 错误；因平抛运动的加速度恒定，故选项D 正确．答案：BD8．某人向放在水平地面的正前方小桶中水平抛球，结果球划着一条弧线飞到小桶的右侧(如图所示)．不计空气阻力，为了能把小球抛进小桶中，则下次再水平抛球时，他可能做出的调整为( )A ．减小初速度，抛出点高度不变在距地面高度一定的空中，一架战斗机由东向西沿水平方向匀速飞开始瞄准并投掷炸弹，炸弹恰好击中目标的斜面上的某点先后将同一小球以不同初速度水平抛出v1时，小球到达斜面时的速度方向与斜面的夹角小球到达斜面时的速度方向与斜面的夹角为＝tanφ，φ＝θ＋α，无论＝α2，故A、B错误，一质点做平抛运动先后经过A、B两点点时速度方向与水平方向的夹角为位置的竖直分速度大小之比．与水平方向的夹角为θ，求tan(1)13一小球从平台上水平抛出，恰好落在平台前一倾角为已知平台到斜面顶端的高度为h＝斜面顶端与平台边缘的水平距离x.(sin53°＝0.8，。

课时作业(二)1．将5名大学毕业生全部分配给3所不同的学校，不同的分配方式的种数有( ) A．8种B．15种C．125种 D．243种答案 D解析每名大学生有三种不同的分配方式，所以共有35种不同的分配方式．2．从集合A＝{0,1,2,3,4}中任取三个数作为二次函数y＝ax2＋bx＋c的系数a，b，c.则可构成不同的二次函数的个数是( )A．48 B．59C．60 D．100答案 A解析由于是二次函数，需分三步确定系数a，b，c，a有除0之外的四种选法，b有四种选法，c有三种选法，故有4×4×3＝48种．3．从黄瓜、白菜、油菜、扁豆4种蔬菜品种中选出3种，分别种在不同土质的三块土地上，其中黄瓜必须种植，不同的种植方法共有( )A．24种 B．18种C．12种 D．6种答案 B解析(直接法)：黄瓜种在第一块土地上有3×2×1＝6种．同样，黄瓜可种在第二块、第三块土地上，共有不同的种法有6×3＝18种．(间接法)：4种选3种，种在三块地上有4×3×2＝24种，其中不种黄瓜有3×2×1＝6种，共有不同种法24－6＝18种．4．已知异面直线a，b上分别有5个点和8个点，则经过这13个点可以确定不同的平面个数为( )A．40 B．13C．10 D．16答案 B解析根据一条直线与直线外一点可确定一个平面，因此可分为两类；第一类，直线a与直线b上的点所确定的平面有8个平面；第二类，直线b与直线a上的点所确定的平面有5个，根据分类加法计数原理，共有8＋5＝13个不同平面．5．书架上原来并排放着5本不同的书，现要再插入3本不同的书，那么不同的插法共有( )A．336种 B．120种C．24种 D．18种答案 A解析我们可以一本一本的插入，先插一本，可在原来5本书形成的6个空当中插入，共有6种插入的方法；然后再插第二本，这时书架上有6本书形成7个空当，有7种插入方法；再插最后一本，有8种插法，所以共有6×7×8＝336种不同的插法．6．有5个不同的棱柱、3个不同的棱锥、4个不同的圆台、2个不同的球，若从中取出2个几何体，使多面体和旋转体各一个，则不同的取法种数是( )A．14 B．23C．48 D．120答案 C解析分两步：第一步，取多面体，有5＋3＝8种不同的取法，第二步，取旋转体，有4＋2＝6种不同的取法．所以不同的取法种数是8×6＝48种．7．如图所示，用不同的五种颜色分别为A，B，C，D，E五部分着色，相邻部分不能用同一种颜色，但同一种颜色可以反复使用，也可不使用，则符合这些要求的不同着色的方法共有( )A.500种 B．520种C．540种 D．560种答案 C解析按照分步计数原理，先为A着色共有5种，再为B着色共有4种(不能与A相同)，接着为C着色有3种(不与A，B相同)，同理依次为D，E着色各有3种，所以不同着色的方法共有N＝5×4×33＝540(种)．8．已知集合M＝{1，－2,3}，N＝{－4,5,6，－7}，从两个集合中各取一个元素作为点的坐标，则在直角坐标系第一、第二象限中的不同点的个数有( )A．18个 B．16个C．14个 D．10个答案 C解析此问题可分两类：①以集合M中的元素作为横坐标，集合N中的元素作为纵坐标，集合M中任取一个元素的方法有3种，要使点在第一、第二象限内，则集合N中只能取5,6两个元素中的一个，有2种方法，根据分步乘法计数原理有3×2＝6个；②以集合N中的元素作为横坐标，集合M中的元素为纵坐标，集合N中任取一个元素的方法有4种，要使点在第一、第二象限内，则集合M中只能取1,3两个元素中的一个，有2种方法，根据分步乘法计数原理，有4×2＝8个．综合以上两类，利用分类加法计数原理，共有6＋8＝14个．故选C.9．从数字1,2,3,4,5,6中取两个数相加，其和是偶数，共得________个偶数．答案 4解析分两类，3个奇数两两相加，3个偶数两两相加，都得偶数，又1＋5＝2＋4,3＋5＝2＋6，所以可得不同的偶数有3＋3－2＝4个．10．从正方体的6个表面中取3个面，使其中两个面没有公共点，则共有________种不同的取法．答案12解析分两步完成这件事，第一步取两个平行平面，有3种取法；第二步再取另外一个平面，有4种取法，由分步计数原理共有3×4＝12种取法．11．动物园的一个大笼子里，有4只老虎，3只羊，同一只羊不能被不同的老虎分食，问老虎将羊吃光的情况有多少种？解析因为3只羊都被吃掉，故应分为三步，逐一考虑．每只羊都可能被4只老虎中的一只吃掉，故有4种可能，按照分步乘法计数原理，故有4×4×4＝43＝64种．12．(2015·石家庄高二检测)某校高二年级一班有优秀团员8人，二班有优秀团员10人，三班有优秀团员6人，学校组织他们去旅游．(1)推选1人为总负责人，有多少种不同的选法？(2)每班选1人带队，有多少种不同的选法？(3)从他们中选出2个人管理生活，要求这2个人不同班，有多少种不同的选法？解析(1)分三类．第一类：从一班的8名优秀团员中产生，有8种不同选法；第二类：从二班的10名优秀团员中产生，有10种不同选法；第三类：从三班的6名优秀团员中产生，有6种不同选法．由分类加法计数原理得N＝8＋10＋6＝24种不同的选法．(2)分三步：第一步：从一班的8名优秀团员中选1人带队，有8种不同选法；第二步：从二班的10名优秀团员中选1人带队，有10种不同选法；第三步：从三班的6名优秀团员中选1人带队，有6种不同选法．由分步乘法计数原理得N＝8×10×6＝480种不同的选法．(3)分三类，每一类可分为两步．第一类：从一班、二班的优秀团员中各选1人，有8×10＝80种不同选法；第二类：从二班、三班的优秀团员中各选1人，有10×6＝60种不同选法；第三类：从一班、三班的优秀团员中各选1人，有8×6＝48种不同选法．由分类加法计数原理得N＝80＋60＋48＝188种不同的选法．13．用五种不同的颜色给图中的四个区域涂色，每个区域涂一种颜色．(1)共有多少种不同的涂色方法？(2)若要求相邻(有公共边)的区域不同色，则共有多少种不同的涂色方法？解析(1)由于1至4号区域各有5色方法有54＝625种．(2)第一类，1号区域与3号区域同色时，有5×4×4＝80种涂法，第二类，1号区域与3号区域异色时，有5×4×3×3＝180种涂法．依据分类加法计数原理知，不同的涂色方法有80＋180＝260(种)．14．用0,1，…，9这十个数字，可以组成多少个．(1)三位整数？(2)无重复数字的三位整数？(3)小于500的无重复数字的三位整数？(4)小于500，且末位数字是8或9的无重复数字的三位整数？(5)小于100的无重复数字的自然数？解析由于0不可在最高位，因此应对它进行单独考虑．(1)百位的数字有9种选择，十位和个位的数字都各有10种选择，由分步乘法计数原理知，符合题意的三位数共有9×10×10＝900(个)．(2)由于数字不可重复，可知百位数字有9种选择，十位数字也有9种选择，但个位数字仅有8种选择，由分步乘法计数原理知，符合题意的三位数共有9×9×8＝648(个)．(3)百位数字只有4种选择，十位数字可有9种选择，个位数字有8种选择，由分步乘法计数原理知，符合题意的三位数共有4×9×8＝288(个)．(4)百位数字只有4种选择，个位数字只有2种选择，十位数字可有8种选择，由分步乘法计数原理知，符合题意的三位数共有4×2×8＝64(个)．(5)小于100的自然数可以分为一位和两位自然数两类．一位自然数：10个．两位自然数：十位数字有9种选择，个位数字也有9种选择，由分步乘法计数原理知，符合题意的两位数共有9×9＝81(个)．由分类加法计数原理知，符合题意的自然数共有10＋81＝91(个)．►重点班选做题15．如图，某电子器件是由三个电阻组成的回路，其中共有6个焊接点A 、B 、C 、D 、E 、F ，如果某个焊接点脱落，整个电路就会不通，现在电路不通了，那么焊接点脱落可能性共有( )A ．6种B ．36种C ．63种D ．64种答案 C解析 每个焊点都有正常与脱落两种情况，共有26种情况，但其中有一种情况是各焊点都正常的情况，所以共有26－1种电路不通的情况．16．已知互不相同的集合A 、B 满足A ∪B ＝{a ，b }，则符合条件的A ，B 的组数共有________种．答案 9解析 当A ＝∅时，集合B ＝{a ，b }；当A 只有1个元素时，B 可以有2种情况，此时有2×2＝4种情况；当A ＝{a ，b }时，集合B ＝∅，{a }，{b }或{a ，b }，此时有4种情况，综上可知，符合条件的A 、B 共有1＋4＋4＝9种． 17．设椭圆x 2m ＋y 2n＝1的焦点在y 轴上，m ∈{1,2,3,4,5}，n ∈{1,2,3,4,5,6,7}，则这样的椭圆个数为________．答案 201．已知a ，b ∈{0,1,2，…，9}，若满足|a －b |≤1，则称a ，b “心有灵犀”．则a ，b “心有灵犀”的情形共有( )A ．9种B ．16种C ．20种D ．28种答案 D解析 当a 为0时，b 只能取0,1两个数；当a 为9时，b 只能取8,9两个数；当a 为其他数时，b 都可以取3个数．故共有28种情形．2．从个位数与十位数之和为奇数的两位数中任取一个，其个位数为0的概率是( )A.49 B.13C.29 D.19答案 D3．把10个苹果分成三堆，要求每堆至少有1个，最多5个，则不同的分法共有( ) A．4种 B．5种C．6种 D．7种答案 A4．从集合{1,2,3，…，10}中任意选出三个不同的数，使这三个数成等比数列，这样的等比数列的个数为( )A．3 B．4C．6 D．8答案 D5．若5名学生争夺3项比赛冠军(每一名学生参赛项目不限)，则冠军获得者有________种不同情况(没有并列冠军)?答案125思路本题关键在于搞清楚要以谁为主来研究问题．本题中完成的事件是5名学生争夺3项比赛冠军，这里，每名学生能获几项比赛冠军不确定，但这每一项比赛的冠军都可以由5个运动员中的1人获得，故应以“冠军”为主，即“冠军”作为位置，由5名运动员去占3个位置．解析每个冠军皆有可能被5名学生中任1人获得，3个冠军依次被获得的不同情况有53种．6．有1元、2元、5元、10元、50元、100元人民币各一张，则由这6张人民币可组成________种不同的币值．答案63解析对于每一张人民币来说，都有两种选择，用或不用，而都不用则形不成币值，由分步计数原理，可得N＝2×2×2×2×2×2－1＝26－1＝63(种)．7．三边长均为整数，且最大边长为11的三角形共有________个．答案36解析另两边长用x、y表示，且设1≤x≤y≤11，要构成三角形，必须x＋y≥12.当y取值11时，x＝1,2,3，…，11，可有11个三角形；当y取值10时，x＝2,3，…，10，可有9个三角形，……当y取值6时，x只能取6，只有一个三角形．∴所求三角形的个数为11＋9＋7＋5＋3＋1＝36.8．有A，B，C型高级电脑各一台，甲、乙、丙、丁4个操作人员的技术等级不同，甲、乙会操作三种型号的电脑，丙不会操作C型电脑，而丁只会操作A型电脑．从这4个操作人员中选3人分别去操作这三种型号的电脑，则不同的选派方法有________种(用数字作答)．答案8解析第1类，选甲、乙、丙3人，由于丙不会操作C型电脑，分2步安排这3人操作的电脑的型号有2×2＝4(种)方法；第2类，选甲、乙、丁3人，由于丁只会操作A型电脑，这时安排3人操作的电脑的型号有2种方法；第3类，选甲、丙、丁3人，这时安排3人操作的电脑的型号只有1种方法；第4类，选乙、丙、丁3人，同样也只有1种方法．根据分类加法计数原理，共有4＋2＋1＋1＝8(种)选派方法．9.如图所示，在连接正八边形的三个顶点而成的三角形中与正八边形有公共边的三角形有________个．答案40解析满足条件的有两类：第一类：与正八边形有两条公共边的三角形有m1＝8(个)；第二类：与正八边形有一条公共边的三角形有m2＝8×4＝32(个)，所以满足条件的三角形共有8＋32＝40(个)．10．在一块并排10垄的田地中，选择2垄分别种植A、B两种作物，每种作物种植一垄．为有利于作物生长，要求A、B两种作物的间隔不小于6垄，则不同的种植方法共有________种．答案12解析分两步：第一步，先选垄，如图，共有6种选法；第二步，种植A、B两种作物，有2种选法；因此，由分步乘法计数原理，不同的选垄种植方法有6×2＝12(种).。

课时作业(二)[基础题]Ⅰ单词拼写1．Sarah lives with her husband and children in a flat in ________(中心的) London.【答案】central2．He has no ________(吸引力) for Mary, for she doesn't like him at all.【答案】attraction3．His heroic ________ (行为) were celebrated in every corner of India.【答案】deeds4．There are ________ (不同的) ways to answer your question.【答案】various5．People had very few ________ (娱乐活动) to choose from. There was no radio, or television.【答案】amusements6．The Disneyland built in Shanghai is a t________ park in China.【答案】theme7．As we all know, an e________ is the heart of a machine, a plane or a car.【答案】engine8．It is difficult to p________ meat in summer in the past.【答案】preserve9．The width of the street is 15 meters and the l________ is over 200 meters.【答案】length10．A c________ is a person who can make wood into chairs, tables and other furniture.【答案】carpenterⅡ选词填空1．In some countries, it is now possible for people to buy ________ foods transported from all over the world.【答案】a variety of2．The food must ________ going bad in hot weather.【答案】be preserved from3．I feel ________ his face but I can't remember where I met him.【答案】familiar with4．I called at a wrong address. ________ I failed to find her.【答案】No wonder5．Daddy didn't mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, ________.【答案】having fun6．He has suffered a lot in the past 20 years. Fortunately, his dream ________ finally.【答案】came true7．Switzerland ________ its watchmaking and beautiful scenery.【答案】is famous for8．It is not hard to ________，but it's hard to do good deeds all the time.【答案】do a good deed9．The program will ________ a popular BBC series called The Archers.【答案】be modelled after10．They addressed the conference briefly or ________.【答案】at lengthⅢ单句语法填空1．The view is very beautiful as if we were in a world of ________ (fantastic)．【答案】fantasy2．For ________ (amuse), we go to the movies once a week.【答案】amusement3．The television has little ________ (attract) for me.【答案】attraction4．He tried to keep the door from ________ (swing)．【答案】swinging5．The judge used ________ (variety) cases in support of his opinion.【答案】various6．The country depends on ________ (tour) for much of its income.【答案】tourism7．I think these interesting old customs should ________ (preserve)．【答案】be preserved8．This river is ten times the ________ (long) of that river.【答案】length9．He spent his whole life doing good ________ (deed)．【答案】deeds10．The problem which makes you worried is not unique ________ your son.【答案】to[能力题]阅读理解AAs the first national park in the world, Yellowstone National Park was established w1in 1872. Since then its natural wonders have attracted explorers and tourists. Yellowstone is best known for its famous geyser (间歇泉), Old Faithful. The park has over 500 geysers, numerous hot springs, lakes, waterfalls and even its own Grand Canyon (大峡谷)．Yellowstone National Park covers 3,648 square miles in Wyoming, Montana and Idaho. It is the largest national park in the continental US and is the country's largestwildlife preserve.A part of the park containing Yellowstone Lake is centered over the Yellowstone Caldera, the largest super volcano in North America. The magma (岩浆) layer under the caldera feeds the geysers and hot springs in Yellowstone National Park. The park is surrounded by p1the Rocky Mountains, which made a visit to the park difficultbefore the age of modern transportation w2.The Old Faithful is the most well-known wonder of Yellowstone's natural attractions. Old Faithful is a cone (圆锥形) geyser that shoots from 3,000 to over 8,000 gallons of boiling water over 100 feet in the air. Old Faithful is popular w ith p2 park visitors, who gather in anticipation of the eruptions w3that occur about 90 minutes apart.In addition to its geysers and hot springs, Yellowstone has a number of lakes and waterfalls that draw park visitors. Yellowstone Lake, the largest freshwater lake in the United States above 7,000 feet, is home to a large number of wild fishes in North America. The lake is too cold for swimming but is a favorite with the fishing and boating enthusiasts w4.The Grand Canyon of Yellowstone National Park is 1,000 feet deep and 2,500 feet wide at its widest point. The canyon is made up of P3red and orange volcanic rocks. Numerous trails surround the Grand Canyon area, enabling visitors to get a close look at the canyon walls and waterfalls.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。

细胞的基本结构一、选择题1.下列关于细胞膜的流动性和选择透过性的叙述不正确的是( )A.流动性的基础是组成细胞膜的磷脂分子和蛋白质分子大多是流动的B.选择透过性的基础是细胞膜上的载体蛋白和磷脂分子具有特异性C.细胞的胞吞和胞吐体现了细胞膜的流动性D.钾离子通过主动运输的形式进入细胞体现了细胞膜的选择透过性答案 B解析细胞膜选择透过性的基础是细胞膜上的载体蛋白具有特异性，而磷脂分子没有特异性。

2.糖脂普遍存在于细胞膜上，不同的细胞中糖脂的种类不同，下图是人红细胞表面的ABO血型糖脂的结构示意图，判断下列有关叙述错误的是( )A.糖脂是由糖类和脂质分子结合而成的B.红细胞ABO血型的不同在于组成糖脂中的糖的种类和排列顺序C.糖脂和糖蛋白都具有识别作用D.糖脂位于细胞膜内表面答案 D解析由图可知，决定ABO血型的物质为糖脂中的糖的种类和排列顺序。

糖脂具有识别作用，应位于细胞膜的外表面。

3.人体细胞之间的通讯多数是通过信号分子传递的。

有些信号分子作用于细胞表面的受体，有些则作用于胞内受体。

生物学上将细胞外与膜受体结合的信息分子称为第一信使，由其转换而来的细胞内信号则称为第二信使，如下图所示。

下列有关叙述错误的是( )A.细胞表面膜受体的化学本质为糖蛋白B.神经递质和绝大多数激素都是第一信使C.第二信使通过调控细胞核内基因的翻译过程发挥作用D.第一信使与膜受体结合体现了细胞膜的信息交流功能答案 C解析受体为糖蛋白，与膜受体结合的第一信使有递质、大多数激素等，体现了细胞膜的信息交流功能。

翻译过程在细胞质中进行，而不是在细胞核内进行。

4.图中①-④表示某细胞的部分细胞器，下列有关叙述正确的是( )A.结构①是细胞中合成ATP的唯一场所B.结构②和④均不具有生物膜结构C.结构③是脂质合成和加工的车间D.此细胞不可能是原核细胞，只能是动物细胞答案 B解析本题考查真核细胞的亚显微结构和细胞器功能，意在考查考生的识图与分析能力，难度中等。