施工现场英语概述.

工程施工常用英语1. Construction Site1.1 Construction site: a piece of ground where construction work is taking place.1.2 Site layout: The arrangement of structures, utilities, and equipment on a construction site.1.3 Temporary facilities: Temporary structures set up on a construction site to facilitate the construction process, such as temporary offices, restrooms, and storage areas.1.4 Safety signs: Signs placed around a construction site to warn workers and visitors of potential hazards.1.5 Site amenities: Facilities provided on a construction site for the comfort and convenience of workers, such as break areas, water coolers, and restrooms.2. Construction Equipment2.1 Excavator: A large machine used for digging and moving earth and rocks.2.2 Bulldozer: A heavy-duty machine equipped with a wide metal blade used for pushing earth and rocks.2.3 Crane: A tall, long-armed machine used for lifting heavy materials and equipment on a construction site.2.4 Concrete mixer: A machine used to mix and transport concrete on a construction site.2.5 Forklift: A small vehicle equipped with a lifting mechanism used for moving heavy materials and equipment.3. Construction Materials3.1 Concrete: A mixture of cement, water, and aggregate used as a building material.3.2 Steel: A strong and durable metal commonly used in construction for structural elements.3.3 Wood: A versatile material used for framing, finishing, and other construction purposes.3.4 Bricks: Small rectangular blocks made of clay or concrete used for building walls, pavements, and other structures.3.5 Asphalt: A black, sticky substance used for surfacing roads and pavements.4. Construction Processes4.1 Excavation: The process of digging and removing earth and rocks from a construction site.4.2 Foundation: The base of a building that supports the structure and distributes its weight to the ground.4.3 Framing: The process of constructing the basic structure of a building using wood or steel beams.4.4 Roofing: The process of installing a protective covering over a building to prevent water infiltration.4.5 Finishing: The final stage of construction that involves painting, flooring, and other cosmetic touches.5. Construction Safety5.1 Personal protective equipment (PPE): Clothing and equipment worn by workers to protect them from workplace hazards.5.2 Fall protection: Measures taken to prevent workers from falling from elevated surfaces, such as guardrails and safety harnesses.5.3 Hazard communication: The process of informing workers about potential hazards in the workplace and how to avoid them.5.4 Emergency response: Procedures put in place to respond to accidents, injuries, and other emergencies on a construction site.5.5 OSHA regulations: Safety guidelines set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to protect workers on construction sites.6. Construction Management6.1 Project manager: The person responsible for overseeing a construction project from start to finish.6.2 Scheduling: The process of creating a timeline for a construction project and assigning tasks to workers to ensure it is completed on time.6.3 Budgeting: The process of estimating and tracking the costs of a construction project to ensure it stays within budget.6.4 Quality control: Measures taken to ensure that construction work meets industry standards and client expectations.6.5 Subcontractors: Workers hired by the main contractor to perform specific tasks on a construction project.7. Construction Communication7.1 Daily reports: Written reports submitted by workers at the end of each workday detailing progress, issues, and other relevant information.7.2 Meetings: Scheduled gatherings of project stakeholders to discuss progress, address issues, and make decisions about a construction project.7.3 Email: Electronic messages sent between project stakeholders to communicate important information about a construction project.7.4 Phone calls: Conversations held between project stakeholders over the phone to discuss urgent matters related to a construction project.7.5 Documentation: Written records of important information related to a construction project, such as contracts, permits, and plans.8. Construction Challenges8.1 Weather: Adverse weather conditions, such as rain, snow, and extreme temperatures, can delay construction work and impact worker safety.8.2 Supply chain disruptions: Issues with the timely delivery of construction materials and equipment can cause delays and increase costs.8.3 Regulatory compliance: Meeting government regulations and building codes can be challenging and time-consuming for construction projects.8.4 Labor shortages: Shortages of skilled workers in the construction industry can make it difficult to complete projects on time and within budget.8.5 Design changes: Changes to the original plans and specifications of a construction project can lead to delays, cost overruns, and conflicts among stakeholders.In conclusion, construction projects involve a wide range of processes, materials, equipment, and challenges that require effective management, communication, and safety measures to ensure successful completion. By understanding and addressing these common aspects of engineering construction, project stakeholders can work together to achieve their goals and deliver high-quality, safe, and cost-effective projects.。

英语作文工地施工Construction sites are bustling hubs of activity where the transformation of ideas into tangible structures takes place. These dynamic environments are the backbone of urban development, responsible for shaping the landscapes that we inhabit and the infrastructure that supports our daily lives. From the initial groundbreaking to the final touches, the construction process is a symphony of precision, coordination, and relentless hard work.At the heart of every construction site lies a diverse workforce composed of skilled tradespeople each contributing their unique expertise. Architects meticulously design the blueprints, engineers analyze the structural integrity, and project managers oversee the intricate coordination of tasks. Masons lay bricks with unwavering precision, carpenters construct the framing with practiced hands, and electricians carefully weave the intricate web of wiring that will power the building. Each individual plays a crucial role in bringing the vision to life.The sheer scale and complexity of construction projects can be awe-inspiring. Towering cranes lift heavy materials with effortless grace, while excavators carve out the foundations with brute force. The cacophony of power tools, the rumble of machinery, and the rhythmic clanging of metal on metal create a symphony of progress that echoes through the site. The air is thick with the scent of fresh concrete and the dust kicked up by relentless activity.Navigating a construction site requires a heightened sense of awareness and safety protocols. Hard hats, steel-toed boots, and high-visibility vests are the uniform of the day, as workers must be vigilant against the numerous hazards present. Falling objects, uneven terrain, and heavy machinery pose constant threats, and the team must work in perfect coordination to mitigate these risks.Despite the inherent challenges, the construction industry is a testament to human ingenuity and resilience. When faced with obstacles, workers adapt and innovate, finding creative solutions to overcome them. Whether it's devising a new method for lifting a heavy load or designing a specialized tool to streamline a task, the problem-solving skills of construction professionals are truly remarkable.Beyond the physical labor, construction sites also require a deep understanding of project management and logistics. Coordinating the delivery of materials, scheduling subcontractors, and ensuringthat each phase of the project is completed on time and within budget are all crucial elements that contribute to the success of a construction endeavor.The impact of construction projects extends far beyond the immediate site. The buildings, roads, and infrastructure that emerge from these hubs of activity shape the way we live, work, and interact with our surroundings. A well-designed and constructed hospital can improve the quality of healthcare, while a sturdy bridge can facilitate the flow of commerce and transportation. The ripple effects of construction projects are felt throughout the community, and the importance of this industry cannot be overstated.Despite the challenges and risks, the construction industry remains a vital and dynamic field that attracts individuals with a strong work ethic, problem-solving skills, and a passion for creating tangible change. From the groundbreaking to the final ribbon-cutting, the construction process is a testament to the human spirit – a testament to our ability to transform ideas into reality, to overcome obstacles, and to leave an indelible mark on the world around us.。

现场英语常见词汇表．．．．．．．．．Owner/Client/Customer/Company 业主Buyer 买方Seller/vendor 卖方Licensor 专利商Licensee 专利受让方Third party 第三方Patent 专利Property/proprietory technology 专利技术Know-how 专有技术/知识Contractor 承包商Subcontractor分包商Supplier 供货商Sub-supplier 分供商Manufacturer 制造厂家Limited liability 有限责任Joint venture 合资企业Foreign-funded enterprise 外商独资企业Chairman 董事长Board of director 董事会President/ General manager 总经理Legal representative 法人Authorized representative 授权代表Power of attorney 委托书Signature 签字Official seal公章SEI-Sinopec Engineering Incorporated 中国石化工程建设公司SSEC-Sinopec Shanghai Engineering Company 中国石化上海工程公司SNEC-Sinopec Ningbo Engineering Company 中国石化宁波工程公司TCC-Tianchen Chemical Engineering Company 中国天辰化学工程公司HQCEC- Huanqiu Contracting & Engineering Corp.中国寰球化学工程公司LPEC-Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Company 洛阳石油化工工程公司LDI-Sinopec Lanzhou Design Institute 中国石化兰州设计院Chengda Chemical Engineering Company 中国成达化学工程公司Hualu Engineering Company中国华陆工程公司Aker Kvaerner 克瓦纳（英）Bechtel 柏克德（美）AMEC 阿美科（英）Fluor 福陆（美）Foster Wheeler 福斯特惠勒（美）Technip 德西尼布（法）TR-Técnicas Reunidas联合技术公司（西班牙）JGC 日晖（日）Toyo 东洋（日）ABB Lummus ABB鲁玛斯（美）SINOPEC 中石化CNOOC中海油PETROCHINA 中石油EXXONMOBIL 埃克森美孚（美）SHELL 英荷壳牌BP 英国石油（英）BASF 巴斯夫（德）Chevron 雪佛龙（美）Dow Chemical 陶氏化学（美）Sumitomo 住友（日）Saudi Aramco 沙特阿美（沙特）UOP 环球油品公司（美）Project/Work项目/工程Rabigh Development Project 拉比格炼油项目Location 位置/地点Onshore/domestic 国内、国产Offshore/overseas 国外、进口Plant 装置Facility 设施Unit 装置/单元Permanent/temporary work 永久工程/临时工程Project/Plant/Job/ConstructionSite现场Battery limit 界区/红线Fence 围墙Embankment/bund 围堤Containment 围护Retaining wall 挡土墙Onsite/ISBL-Inside Battery Limit场内Offsite/OSBL-Outside BatteryLimit 场外Contract/agreement 合同/协议Memorandum of Understanding谅解备忘录Letter of Intent意向书Original 原件/正本Copy 复印件/副本Duplicate 一式两份Triplicate一式三份Quadruplicate一式四份Quintuplicate一式五份Sextuplicate一式六份Septuplicate一式七份Octuplicate一式八份Nonuplicate一式九份Decuplicate一式十份Blueprint 蓝图Distribution 分发Holder 持有人Transmittal 文件传送单Controlled copy 受控版本Uncontrolled copy 非受控版本Edition 版本Revision 版次、修订版Terms and conditions 条款General conditions 通用条款Special conditions 特殊条款Sign/Execute/Enter into 签署Come into force/effect生效Effective Date 生效日期Contract term 和同期Expiration 届满、到期Termination 提前终止Obligation 义务Liability（债务）责任Performance 执行、业绩Breach 违约Default 失职Negligence 疏怠职责Remedy 救济、补救Compensation 补偿Performance guarantee 性能保证Waiver 放弃/弃权Severability 可分割性Modification/Change/Variation/Change Order 变更/变更单Amendment 修订Supplement/Addition/Addendum增加/增补Deletion删除Governing law 管辖法律Assignment/transfer 转让Insurance 保险Worker’s compensation 工伤责任险Employer’s liability 雇主责任险All-loss liability 一切损失险Policy保单Insurance certificate 保险证书/凭证QA-Quality Assurance质保QC/Quality Control 质控Procurement and supply 采购供应Schedule and progress control 工期与进度控制Reporting 报告Acceptance 验收Spare part 备件Rework 返工Repair 修补/修复/修理Replacement 更换Substitute 替换/代用Warranty Period 保质期Claim 索赔HSE-Health, Safety andEnvironmental 健康、安全与环境HSSE- Health, Safety, Security &Environmental 健康、安全与环境Taxes 税款Liquidated damages 违约赔偿Invoicing 发票Payment 付款Intellectual property right 知识产权Confidentiality 保密Disclosure 披露Prior oral/written consent 事先口头/书面同意Publication 公开/宣传Suspension 停工Take-over/hand-over 交工Force Majeure 不可抗力Lien 留置（权）Withhold/retention 扣缴款Dispute resolution 争议解决Arbitration 仲裁Notice 通知Courier 快递DHL/FedExpress/ UPS/TNT 敦豪（德）/联邦快递（美）/环球快递（美）/荷兰邮政快递（荷兰）/EMS中国邮政特快专递Subcontract 分包/分包合同Specification 标准、规范Code/norm 规范Standard/criterion 标准Reference 参考文件Definition （术语）定义Manuf acturer’s Instruction/ Recommendations 制造厂家说明/建议Operation & Maintenance Manual 操作维修手册ISO-国际标准化组织GB-中国国标ANSI-American National Standard Institute 美国国家标准BS-英国国家标准AFNOR-法国标准JIS-日本工业标准DIN-德国工业标准ASME-美国机械工程师学会ASTM-美国材料试验学会API-美国石油学会EPC-Engineering, Procurement and Construction工程设计、采购与施工EP-Engineering and Procurement 工程设计与采购PMC-Project Management Contractor 项目管理承包商CM-Construction Management 施工管理CS-Construction Supervision监理C-Construction 施工Turnkey 交钥匙Contract price 合同价款Settlement/Accounting结算Lump sum price 总包价Fixed price 固定价Reimbursable price 补偿价Unit rate 单价ITB-Invitation to Bid 招标文件RFP-Request for Proposal 招标文件RFQ-Request for Quotation 询价文件Appendix/Annex/Attachment/Exhibit/Schedule 附录/附件/附表BOQ-Bill of Quantity 工程量表MTO-Material Takeoff 料表Tender/Bidder 招标人/投标人Inquiry 询价Proposal 标书Technical proposal 技术标Commercial proposal 商务标Total 合计Subtotal 小计Grand total 总计Deviation/Exception 偏差/例外Closing date 截标日期Evaluation 评标Contract award 合同授予Successful bidder 中标人Negotiation 谈判Site visit 现场参观/勘查Visitor 来访人员Pass/badge/ID Card通行证/胸牌/身份证FEED-Front End EngineeringDesign 前端工程设计FEL-Front End Loading 扩初设计Basic design 基本设计Detail design 详细设计PDP-Process Design Package 工艺设计包BDP-Basic Design Package 基础设计包General layout/arrangement/Plotplan总平面布置Title block标题栏Scale比例尺/刻度/地磅Legend 图例Plan 平面图Elevation 立视图/标高Section 剖面图View 视图Detail 详图Typical 标准图Sketch 草图、简图Shop drawing 车间制造详图P&ID-Piping & InstrumentDiagram 管道仪表流程图Isometric drawing （管道）单线图Hook-up 接线图Flow sheet/diagram/chart 流程图Issued for ITB 用于招标Issued for Review/Approval 用于审核/批准Issued for Comments 用于征求意见Approved for construction 批准用于施工Temporary facilities/utilities 临时设施/公用设施Deliverable交付文件/交付项Organization 组织机构Organization chart 组织机构图Responsibility matrix 责任矩阵Key personnel 关键人员Resume/CV 简历Proposed position 拟推荐职位Name 姓名Sex 性别Nationality国籍/民族Date of birth 出生日期Place of birth 出生地Address地址Education 教育/学历Work experience 工作经历FCC-No.4 construction companySINOPEC/Fluid CatalyticCracking 中国石化集团第四建设公司/流化催化裂化Project management team 项目部IPMT-Integrated ProjectManagement Team 一体化项目管理部Functional department 职能部门Project Manager/Director 项目经理/主任Deputy Project Manager 项目副经理Chief Engineer总工程师AdministrativeDepartment/division 行政部Construction Department/Division施工部Project ControlDepartment/Division 项目控制部Supply & ProcurementDepartment/Division 采购供应部Quality Department 质量部HSE Department 安全部Financial Department 财务部HR-Human resources 人力资源Job team 施工队Foreman 工长/班长Technical title 技术职称Senior engineer 高工Engineer 工程师Assistant engineer 助工Trainee 实习生Employee/Staff member 员工Technical supervisor 施工员Direct manpower 直接人工Indirect manpower 间接人工Manhour人工时Craftsman 技工Craft/trade 工种Skilled worker 熟练工人Helper 力工Carpenter 木工Rebar fitter 钢筋工Pipe fitter 管工Bricklayer 瓦工Concrete worker 混凝土工Surveyor 测量员Scaffolder 架子工Welder 焊工Mechanical operator 机械操作人员Iron worker 铆工Rigger 起重工Locksmith/riveter/mechanic 钳工NDT worker 探伤工Painter 油漆工Insulator 保温工Material handler 材料搬运工Electrician 电工Instrument worker仪表工Overhead 一般管理费用Profit 利润Income tax 所得税Work Execution Plan 施工组织设计/项目执行计划Statement of Methodology 施工方案Procedure 规程、程序Plan 计划、方案Submittal 递交（文件）Review 审核Approval 批准Preparation/development 编制Index / Table of Contents 目录Commencement 开工Kick-off meeting 开工会Groundbreaking ceremony 动工仪式Survey 勘查Bench marks 基准点Mobilization 进场Demobilization 出场Construction equipment 施工设备Manpower Histogram人工直方图Construction schedule 施工进度计划Barchart schedule 横道图Network schedule 网络图Critical path 关键路径、统筹法Milestone dates 里程碑/关键控制点日期Activities 作业活动Early start 开工日期Early finish 完工日期Duration 工期Target/objective 目标Primavera Project Planer---P3 Monthly/weekly report 月报/日报Statistics 统计数据Float 浮点、时间差Master/Level 1,2,3,4 schedule 总体/一、二、三、四级进度计划Look-ahead schedule 滚动计划Progress 进度S curve 进度曲线Planned/Actual/Forecast 计划/实际/预计Cut-off date 截止日期Weighting point 加权点Status 状态Update 更新WBS-Work Breakdown System工程分解系统CBS-Cost Breakdown System 费用分解系统Progress measurement 进度测量Coordination 协调/调度Liaison/Contact 联系人Recovery 赶工Acceleration 加快进度Shift work 倒班Daytime shift 白班Nighttime shift夜班Shift leader 值班长Off duty歇班DST-Daylight saving time 夏时制Mechanical completion 机械完工Interim completion 中间完工Substantial completion 大致完工Final acceptance certificate 最终验收证书Punchlist/outstanding/Punch-off/closing尾项/收尾System handover 系统交工Beneficial occupancy 提前占用Handover documentation 交工资料Dossier/archives 档案As-built drawing with marks-up 竣工图Prefabrication 预制Installation/erection 安装Mechanical completion 机械完工System handover 系统交工Final acceptance 最终验收Checklist 检查清单Release 放行Precommissioning 预试车Commissioning 投料试车Commissioning guarantee 保镖Start-up 开车RFSU—Ready for Startup作好开车装备Put into operation 投运Discipline/specialty 专业Civil 土建Structural Steel 钢结构Piping 管道Long haul piping长输管道Mechanical 机械Rotating equipment 动设备Static equipment 静设备Electrical 电气Instrumentation 仪表Lifting 吊装Heavy lifting 大型吊装Painting 油漆Lining 衬里Insulation 保温Utility 公用设施Tie-in 接点Fluid 流体介质/物料Plant air 装置/工厂风Instrument air 仪表风Compressed air 压缩空气ASU-Air Separation Unit空分装置Inert gas惰性气体Argon 氩气Oxygen 氧气Hydrogen氢气Nitrogen 氮气Natural gas 天然气LNG 液化天然气Petroleum gas 石油气LPG 液化石油气LIN 液氮LOX液氧LAR液氩PSA 变压吸附装置Cooling water冷却水make-up water补充水Potable/drinkable water饮用水fresh water 新鲜水Demineralized/soften water 脱盐/软化水Fire water消防水Steam 蒸气Fuel 燃料Power 电、动力Power supply 供电Grid 电网Overhead cable 架空电缆Generator 发电机IGCC-integrated gasificationcombined cycle/ cogeneration ofsteam and power 汽电联产Blowdown排污Lube oil润滑油Vent 排气Drain 排水/液Petrochemical 石油化工A/V distillation unit 常压/减压蒸馏装置Hydrotreater 加氢精制装置Hydrocracker 加氢裂化装置Cracker 裂解装置LOP乙烯裂解装置/低烯烃装置Delay Coker 延迟焦化装置Desulphurization unit 脱硫装置Sulphur recovery unit 硫磺回收装置Sour water stripping unit 酸水汽提装置PX/Aromatics plant芳烃装置Ethylene 乙烯装置EO/EG环氧乙烷/乙二醇PE/PP/PS聚乙烯/聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯Polyester聚酯Crude oil 原油Naphtha 石脑油Gasoline 汽油Diesel 柴油Kerosene 煤油Jet kerosene 航空煤油Residue 渣油Slop 污油Terminal 接收站Jetty 码头Tank farm罐区Storage tank 储罐Loading arm 鹤臂Berth 泊位Mooring 停泊处Dolphin 系船桩PPE-Personal Protective Equipment劳保用品/设备Hard hat 安全帽Safety glasses/goggles 安全眼镜/护目镜Safety boots 安全鞋Hearing protection 听力保护Safety belt/harness 安全带/安全肩带Potential hazard 隐患Hazard identification 危害识别Risk assessment 风险评估Mitigation 降低Elimination 消除HAZOP 危害与可操作性分析Tripping hazard 绊倒危害Falling hazard 坠落危害Safetyinduction/education/training 入场教育/培训Toolbox meeting 工前安全会Briefing 交底Lost-time accident 损失工时事故Reportable accident可上报事故Nearmiss 未遂事件Accident investigation 事故原因调查Major accident 重大事故Death/injury/casualty/fatality 死亡/伤害/伤亡/死亡Act of God 天灾Disciplinary action 处罚Emergency response 应急响应Evacuation 疏散Muster point 集合点Permit to work 作业许可证Confined space entry 受限空间进入Work at heights 高空作业Scaffolding 架设Lifeline 救生绳/索Free-issued material 甲供材料Material requisition请购单Purchase specification 采购说明书Place an order定购Transportation/transfer/shipment 运输Handling倒运/搬运Transfer tank farm 中转油库Tank truck 槽车Railway car铁路货车/车皮Vessel/carrier 运输船Loading装车/装船Unloading 卸车/卸船Packing list 装箱单Bill of Lading 提单Delivery 到货Receiving inspection 到货验收Unpacking inspection开箱检查Commodity inspection 商检Ex-factory inspection 出厂检查Appearance inspection 外观检查PMT-Positive MaterialIdentification材料合金鉴定Mechanical properties 机械性能Chemical composition 化学组分Content 含量/内容Tolerance /Allowable deviation 公差/允许偏差Geometric dimensions 几何尺寸Nonconformity 不一致品/处Reject 拒收、不合格品Acceptable 合格Unacceptable 不合格Hold 待定Use as it 回用Shortage 短缺Overage 溢出Damage/loss 损害/损失Inventory 存货Warehouse-in 入库Warehouse-out 出库Heat No.炉号Lot No. 批次Warehouse keeper 保管员Storage 存储Desiccants干燥剂Preservatives 防腐剂Corrosion inhibitor 缓蚀剂Maintenance 维护Laydown 堆放场Prefabrication yard/shop预制场/厂Withdrawal领料Issue 发放Return 退库Identification marks 标识Cutting切割Transfer 移植Traceability 可追踪性Surplus 剩余材料Bulk material大宗材料Ignition source点火源Inflammable material可燃材料Combustible material易燃材料Hazardous chemical 有害化学品Flash point 闪点Open flames 明火Flame/spark arrester 阻火塞Civil works 土建工程Site preparation 现场处理Leveling 平整Earthwork土方工程Excavation 开挖Trench/pit/sump 沟/井Spoil废土Backfill 回填Compaction 夯实Slope 边坡Slope protection 护坡Shoring 支护Dewatering 排水Water Supply and Drainagesystem供排水系统underground services 地下公用设施Concrete 混凝土Coarse/fine aggregate 粗/细骨料Portland cement 普通硅酸盐水泥Sand 沙子Flash ash 粉煤灰Admixture 混合物Mix ratio 配合比Ready mix 商品混凝土Batch plant 搅拌站Agitator 搅拌机Vibrator 振捣机Reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土Rebar 钢筋Construction joint 施工缝Expansion joint 膨胀缝/节Water stop 止水带Vapor barrier/ Damp proof course防潮层Pouring/Casting 浇注Curing 养护Finishing抹面Setting 硬化Slump 塌落度Compressive strength 抗压强度Crushing strength 耐压强度Tensile strength 拉伸强度Formwork 模板Stripping脱膜Embedded items 预埋件Wire mesh 钢丝网Foundation/Footing 基础Anchor bolt 地脚螺栓High strength bolt 高强螺栓Nut 螺母Stud 双头螺柱Tighten 紧固Torque wrench 转矩扳手Pile 桩Pile cap 桩帽/承台Prestressed pile 预应力桩Bored pile 钻孔桩Precast pile 预制桩Cast-in-situ pile 现场浇注桩Pile driver 打桩机Pile tip桩头Carrying/bearing capability 承载能力Settlement 沉降Reinforcing cage 钢筋笼Base plate 底板Gravel fill 砾石垫层Floor slab 底板Saddle 鞍座Grout 灌浆Mortar 砂浆Non-shrink motar不收缩砂浆Shim 垫铁Wedge 斜垫铁Flat strap 扁平钢Tack weld 点焊Waterproof layer 防水层Road 道路Pavement 铺面Vertical arrangement 竖向Bed course 基层Subgrade 路基Curb 路缘石Hard/clay shoulder 硬/软路肩Side ditch 边沟Catch basin 雨水口Side slope 边坡Greening 绿化Sidewalk 人行道Motor vehicle lane 机动车道Non-motor vehicle lane 非机动车道Speed limit 限速Crushed stone 碎石Gravel 砾石Parking lot 停车场Building 建筑Control room 中控室MCC-Motor Control Center马达控制中心Substation 变电站Standby diesel generator 备用柴油发电机Transformer 变压器Compressor house压缩机房Pump station 泵站FAR-Field Auxiliary Room现场辅助间Warehouse 库房Administrative building 行政楼Laboratory 实验室Fire station 消防站Guard room 门卫室Roof 顶Wall 墙、壁板Floor 地板Apron 散水Plaster 抹灰Mastic 玛蹄脂、胶泥Door 门Window窗Parapet wall 女儿墙Skylight 天窗Downspout 雨水管Floor drain地漏Emission 排放Environmental pollution 环境污染Foreign matters 异物Contaminated water 污染水Industrial wastewater 工业废水Sanitary sewage 生活污水HVAC 暖通空调Waste water treatment plant污水处理站Oily sewer 含油污水Clean sewer 清洁污水Rainwater/Stormwater sewer 雨水排污Septic tank化粪池Fire hydrant 消防栓Fire water monitor 消防水炮Fire alarm 火警Warning sign 警示标牌Barricade/barrier 隔离Danger, Keep out 危险，请勿入内No smoking 禁止吸烟Mind your step 注意脚下No admittance /No entry禁止入内Authorized personnel only/staffonly 无关人员，不得入内Keep off the grass/lawn 请勿践踏草坪Fire extinguisher 灭火器Structural steel 钢结构Carbon steel 碳钢Stainless steel 不锈钢Killed steel 镇静钢Alloy steel 合金钢H-beam H型钢Shape/profile 型钢Angle 角钢Channel 槽钢I-beam 工字钢Hot-rolled 热轧Cold formed冷成形Beam 梁Column柱Purlin檩Truss 桁架Gusset plate 角接板Member元件Stiffener 筋板Bracket托架Girt圈梁Girder 梁Vent stack 烟囱Stack shaft 烟囱筒体Flue duct 烟道Air duct 风道Lightning arrester避雷针Platform 平台Stair梯子/斜梯Ladder直/爬梯Grating格子板Checked plate花纹板Handrail扶栏Toeboard踢脚板Deformation 变形Deflection 挠度Stability稳定性Buckling 弯曲Levelness水平度Straightness 平直性Out-of-roundness 椭圆度Coaxiality 同轴度Cleanliness清洁度Piping 管道Pipeline 管线Underground piping 地下管线Aboveground piping 地上管线Piperack 管廊、管架Pipe sleeper/track管墩Main/Header 主管/总管Manifold 集合管Branch 支管Riser 上升管Downcomer 下降管Upstream上游Downstream 下游Spool 管段Bundle 管束Hose 软管Bend 弯管Coil盘管Cap 管帽Plug 丝堵Tracer 伴热管Safety Shower 安全淋浴Eyewash Station 洗眼点Elbow 弯头Tee 三通Cross 四通Return 回弯头Reducer 大小头Nipple 短节Union 活接头Coupling 管接头Gasket 垫片Spiral wound gasket 缠绕式垫片Washer 垫圈Flange 法兰Blind 盲板Roughness 粗糙度Thread 螺纹NPT 美国国家锥形管螺纹Bolt 螺栓Nut 螺母Stud 双头螺栓Valve 阀门Check valve止回阀Globe valve 截止阀Gate valve 闸阀Ball valve 球阀Foot valve 底阀/根部阀Plug valve 柱塞阀Butterfly valve 蝶阀Control valve 调节/控制阀Safety valve 安全阀Pressure Relief Valve 卸压阀Trap 疏水器Strainer 粗滤器Silencer 消音器Sight Glass 视镜Rupture Disc 爆破片Packing 填料Butt-Welded 对接焊Socket-Welded 承插焊Flanged 法兰连接Threaded 螺纹连接Expansion Joint 膨胀节Support 支架Hanger 吊架Spring hanger弹簧吊架Shoe 管托Hydrotesting 水压试验Pneumatic testing 气压试验Leak test 试漏Blowing off/purging 吹扫NDE/NDT-Nondestructive Examination/T est 无损探伤RT-Radiographic Test 射线探伤PT-Dye Penetrant Test 着色渗透探伤UT-Ultrasonic Test 超声波探伤MT-Magnetic Powder T est 磁粉探伤Visual Examination外观检查Defect 缺陷Welding 焊接WPS- Welding Procedure Specification 焊接工艺说明书PQR- Procedure Qualification Record焊接工艺评定记录WPQ-Welder’s Performance Qualification 焊工技能评定Weld map 焊缝布置图Welder’s stamp 焊工钢印Interval 间距/间隔Base metal 母材Weld metal 焊缝金属Welding material/consumable 焊材Welding rod/electrode 焊条Flux焊剂Welding Wire 焊丝Drying oven （焊条）烘干箱Holding oven （焊条）恒温箱Quiver （焊条）保温筒Cylinder 气瓶Torch 焊炬Weldability 可焊性End preparation 开坡口Groove 坡口Heat-affected zone 热影响区Root pass打底焊Cover pass 盖面焊Fillet joint填角接头Butt joint 对接接头Socket joint承插接头Lap joint搭接接头Longitudinal seam 纵缝Circumferential seam 环缝transverse seam 横缝Flat 平焊Horizontal 横焊Vertical 立焊Overhead 仰焊Surfacing 堆焊Stringer bead直线焊道Weave bead摆动焊道Preheat 预热PWHT-Post Weld Heat Treatment焊后热处理Temper 回火Anneal 退火Normalize 正火Interpass temperature 程/层间温度Root opening 根部间隙Welding parameter 焊接参数Weldment / Workpiece 焊件Traveling speed 送丝/移动速度Weld reinforcement 焊缝余高Deformation变形Crack 裂纹Undercut 咬边Slag inclusion夹渣Overlap 焊瘤Lack of fusion/penetration未熔透/未焊透Porosity 气孔Mismatch错位Fish eye白点/鱼眼Backgouging 清根Grinder砂轮机GMAW-Gas Metal Arc Welding 气体保护电弧焊GTAW-Gas Tungsten Arc Welding钨极惰性气体保护焊SAW-Submerged Arc Welding 埋弧焊TIG-Tungsten Inert Gas Welding氩弧焊SMAW-Shielded Metal ArcWelding 手工电弧焊Uphill 向上Downhill 向下Striking 引弧Sampling取样Test piece/coupon/specimen 试件/试样Random/spot test 抽检Hold point 停止点Witness point 见证点Review point 审核点Check/inspection/examination 检查Supervision/monitoring 监督/监控Equipment 设备Rotating equipment 动设备Static equipment 静设备Horizontal/Vertical Vessel 卧式/立式容器Tag No. /Item No. 位号Nameplate铭牌Code stamp 规范钢印Self-tapping screw 自攻螺丝Place of origin 原产地Alignment找正、对中Turbine 汽轮机Refrigerator 制冷机Expander 膨胀机Cooling Tower 冷却/循环水塔Filter 过滤器Heat Exchanger 换热器KO drum 气液分离器Boiler 锅炉Waste heat boiler余热锅炉Column/T ower 塔Tray 塔盘Internal 内件Reactor 反应器Regenerator 再生器Reboiler 重沸器Absorber 吸收塔Stripper 汽提塔Scrubber 洗涤塔Evaporator 蒸发器Cooler 冷却器Condenser 冷凝器Storage Tank 储罐Silo/Bin 料仓Mixer 混合器Cyclone 旋风分离器Separator 分离器Dryer干燥器Demister 除雾器Furnace 炉子Heater 加热炉Flare 火炬Pump 机泵Compressor 压缩机Air compressor 空压机Centrifugal 离心式Reciprocating 往复式Blower 鼓风机Fan风机Induced draft fan 引风机Conveyor 输送机Elevator 提升机Coupling 联轴节Shaft alignment 轴对中Oil flushing 油洗Manhole 人孔/检查井Package unit/equipment 快装/撬块设备Skid 撬块Long-lead equipment 长周期设备Machine train 机组E/I-Electrical/Instrument 电仪DC-Direct Current直流AC-Alternating Current 交流Induction Motor 感应电动机Oil immersed transformer 油浸式变压器Rectifier 整流器Battery 电池UPS-Uninterrupted Power Supply 不间断电源Switchgear开关柜Circuit breaker 断路器Fuse熔断器Pushbutton 按钮Relay 继电器Explosion-proof防爆Power plant 电厂Gland格兰Electrostatic precipitator静电除尘器Cabling/Wiring 布线/接线Cable laying 电缆敷设Cable tray 电缆槽架/桥架Armored cable 铠装电缆Sheath保护套Optic fiber cable光缆Coaxial cable 同轴电缆Lighting照明Lighting fixture灯具illumination levels 照度Flood light 泛光灯Energizing 送电Lighting tower and pole 照明塔架、灯杆Terminal 端子Conduit 导线管Distribution box 配电箱Socket outlet/plug 插座/插头Junction box 接线箱Grounding/earthing 接地Dielectric tests 绝缘试验SCADA-Supervision Control and Data Acquiring监测控制与数据采集Telecommunication 电信Cable TV有线电视Local/field instrument 现场仪表Cabinet 柜Panel mounted instrument 盘装仪表Safety barrier 安全栅Annunciator报警器Smoke detector 感烟探测器Isolator 隔离器DCS-Distributed Control System 分散控制系统Siemens 西门子公司Honeywell 霍尼维尔公司Yokogawa 横河公司FCS-Fieldbus Control System现场总线控制系统Busbar 母线排PMR-Plant Resource Management System工厂资源管理系统PLC-Programmable Logic Controller 可编程控制器Local/Field instrument 就地仪表Console 操作台Local control station 就地操作站ESD-Emergency Shut-down 紧急停车Transmitter变送器Level gage液位计Pressure gage压力计Bimetallic thermometer双金属温度计Thermocouple热电偶Thermowell热电偶套管Flow meter流量计Restrict orifice 限流孔板Analyzer 分析仪Control valve 调节阀Solenoid valve 电磁阀Positioner 定位器Limit switch限位开关Calibration 校验/调试Loop test 回路试验Test run 试运Solo test run 单机试运Anticorrosion 防腐Cathodic protection 阴极保护Painting 油漆Enamel磁漆Epoxy resin 环氧树脂Zinc rich 富锌Red lead primer红丹底漆Polyurethane 聚氨酯Surface preparation 表面处理/除锈Sandblasting/shot blasting 喷砂/喷丸Pickling 酸洗Grinding 打磨Wire brush钢丝刷Primer 底漆Intermediate coat/tie coat 中间漆Finish/top coat 面漆Touchup 补漆Holiday test 油漆试漏Brushing 刷涂Spraying 喷涂Application 涂装Color coding色标DFT-Dry Film Thickness 干膜厚度Magnetic thickness gage 磁性测厚仪Fireproofing 防火Hot insulation 保温Cold insulation 保冷Jacket 外保护层Cladding 覆层Glass fabric/fiber glass 玻璃布Pipe shell管壳Perlite 珍珠岩Mineral wool岩棉In-situ foaming 现场发泡Spacer 支撑环Band 箍带Lap sealer 搭接密封Clip保温卡Staggered joint 错开接缝Heat loss 热损失Ingress of water 水侵入Capillary action 毛细作用Thermal conductivity 导热性Expansion/contraction 膨胀/收缩Cryogenic 低温Cellular glass 泡沫玻璃Acoustic insulation 隔音Removal 拆除/驱逐出场Disposal of处理Personal protection人员防护Access walkway通道Working area工作区Construction equipment施工机具Hand tool手动工具Power tool电动工具Precision 精度Break down 损坏Failure故障Trouble shooting 排除故障Hacksaw钢锯File锉刀Scraper刮刀Chisel凿子Socket wrench套筒扳手Hook spanner钩扳手Adjustable wrench活动扳手Pipe wrench管钳Ratchet wrench棘轮扳手Open end wrench开口扳手Screw driver螺丝刀Hand vice手钳Pliers扁嘴钳Pocket knife小刀Square rule角尺Slide gauge游标卡尺Inside and outside micrometer内径和外径千分尺Steel tape钢卷尺Feeler塞尺Dial gauge千分表Depth micrometer深度千分尺Wire gage线规Radius gage半径规Thread pitch gage螺距规Tachometer转速表Universal meter 万用表Spirit level水平仪Transit theodolite 经纬仪Drill钻机Hydraulic press 液压机Pipe bender 弯管机Shear 剪板机Rolling machine 滚圆机Bulldozer 推土机Loader 装载机Roller 压路机Excavator 挖掘机Pile driver 打桩机Rammer 夯实机Tipcart 翻斗车Forklift 叉车Concrete truck mixer 混凝土搅拌运输车Steel bar cutter 钢筋切割机Steel bar straightening machine 钢筋调直机Steel bar bender 钢筋弯曲机Crane 吊车Hoist / Chain block 倒链Winch 卷扬机Sling 吊索Jack 千斤顶Load 荷载/重物Operating radius 操作半径Site access 现场道路Crane sitting 吊车站位Out-of-level 不平度Wind force 风力Counterweight 配重Luffing 变幅Setting up 安装Dismantling 拆卸Component 部件Jib 吊臂Boom 吊杆Gin pole 抱杆/把杆Mast 桅杆Hook 吊钩Driving mechanism 行车机构Outrigger 外伸支腿/挂架Turntable转台Chassis 底盘Guy wire 拖拉绳Tag line 牵引绳Topping lift 背绳Load line 起重绳Fall line 走绳/跑绳Tailing crane 遛尾吊车Safe load indicator 安全荷载指示器Limit switch 限位开关Safety device 安全装置Abnormal noise 异常噪声Crane operator 吊车司机Signaler, banksman, flagman 指挥人员Whistle 哨子High visibility vest 反光背心Telecommunication system 通讯系统Walkie-talkie/radio 步话机/对讲机Weather conditions 天气状况Weatherproof measures 防风雨措施Suspended load/weight 悬空重物Lightning protection 避雷Multiple crane lifting 多台吊车吊庄作业Crawler crane 履带吊Truck/mobile crane 汽车吊Overhead traveling crane 天车Trolley beam 天车梁Head room净空Clearance/Distance/Interval间距Unit 单位Night operations 晚间作业Housekeeping 文明施工Rags 抹布Trash 垃圾Oil spill 溢油Scrap /Debris 废料Code of conduct 行为准则Business ethics 商业道德Conformity/Compliance 一致性Incentive and penalty 奖惩Corrective action 纠偏措施Preventive action 预防措施Precaution 注意事项Follow-up跟进Audit 审查/审计Fire prevention and fighting 防火、消防Security 保安2.0.1自动化仪表automation instrumentation对被测变量和被控变量进行测量和控制的仪表装置和仪表系统的总称。

施工现场英语常用单词1、土建部分场平施工：Field flat construction推土机：bulldozer挖掘机：excavator基础开挖：Foundation excavation基础浇筑：Foundation casting钢筋：reinforced steel混凝土：concrete模板：template水泥：cement砂：sand骨料：aggregate振捣器：vibrator搅拌机：mixer梁：beam柱：column联系梁：Connecting grider水泥砂浆地面：Cement mortar floors地砖：Floor tile防火门：Fire doors独立基础：Independent foundation电焊机：welding machine钢筋弯曲机：Reinforced bending machine切割机：Cutting machine铁锹：shovels钢钎：Steel chisel空压机：air compressor镐：pickaxe散水：apron放坡：Put slope檩条：purline屋面：roofing装修：fitment;Decoration2、线路部分铁塔：Tower导线：wire; conductor绝缘子：insulator耐张线夹：tension clamp悬垂线夹：suspension clamp横担：cross arm; pole arm架空地线：Overhead ground架空导线：Overhead conductor接地线：Earth wire接地极：Grounding wire; earth electrode; earthing pole接地电阻：Earth resistance线路通道：Transmission line passage way分坑复测：retest in separate pits全站仪：total station经纬仪：theodolite塔尺：sliding staff钢卷尺：steel measure tape3、电气安装部分高压开关柜：High-voltage switchgear低压开关柜：Low-voltage switchgear断路器：Breaker; Disconnector熔断器：Fuse plug隔离开关：Isolating switch一次接线：Once circuit二次接线：Secondary circuit接线端子：Wire connecting terminal号牌机：Paddle before machine槽钢：Channel steelCT、PT：Current Transformer; Potential Transformer避雷器：Lighting arrester额定电流：Rated current额定电压：Rated voltage。

English for construction施工英语Unit 11 Process第十一单元施工过程11.1、 setting out is basically the process of putting what was on the plan onto the ground, we use various tools and techniques to do this, ranging from simple pegs and ranging poles to sophisticated electronic equipment, depending on the job, it is all about math, the simplest thing just set out is a straight line, as an example, let’s imagine we setting out straight line for a new road, let’s me explain the process step by step; first, we make sure we have plans and drawings we need, next, we get the equipment, the simplest way to set out straight line is to use 3 ranging poles and 3 plumb lines, you also need two people, an observer, and an assistant; let’s say the straight line is to go from point A to point B, the observer and his assistant place the ranging poles at point A and B, it is important to use the plumb lines to make sure that the rods are vertical; next, the observer stands at point A, the assistant placed the third pole at point C, close it to A, then to B, and move it until the observer is satisfied that it is in the correct place,finally, the line is marked with series of pegs, say 10 meters apart, for longer distances, more rods can be used;放线基本上就是把平面图上的东西放置在地面上的过程，我们使用各种工具和技术来做到这一点，从简单的标记桩，测距杆到复杂的电子设备，视工作而定，这全都与数学有关，最简单的是放一条直线，例如，假设我们为一条新路放一条直线，让我一步一步地解释该过程：首先，我们需要平面图和图纸，其次，我们需要获得备，放一条直线的最简单方法是使用3个测距杆和3条垂直线，还需要两个人，一个观察员和一个助理;假设直线是从A点到B点，观察者和他的助手将测距杆放在A和B点，使用铅垂线确保杆的垂直是很重要的；接下来，观察者站在A点，助手将第三个杆放置在C点，将其靠近A，然后靠近B，然后移动它直到观察者对它的位置感到满意，最后，用一系列的标记桩标记出该线，例如相距10米，对于更长的距离，可以使用更多的杆；MP311.1.mp311.2、 Ajor, Sathan Kue is speaking; Hi, Sathan, is peter, how is it going? Fine, thanks, easy as ever; you left me a message to call you; Oh, yes, did you heard the news about Silly; what news? She is pregnant; So? So you need an new structure engineer for your team; Oh, yes, of course, when is she planning to leave?She said mid-July; Ok, is she coming back after she has the baby? She will decide it later on, but she may take a couple of years off; we are better think about finding a replacement then, we cannot cover for that long; yes, and even if she does come back, we need extra people in the team anyway, there is a lot to do; Ok, so, what is the procedure? Well, first all, you need to identify the key skills you want a replacement to have, and then we need to prepare, or probably just update, the job description; Ok, that is easy enough; then, we need to advertise, first internally, then externally ; Ok; then, it is the much of the looking at people CVs, producing a short list, and carrying out the interviews; that is it? Well, we are also need to check references before we make our final decision, then we inform the successful applicant and organize the induction; Ok, look, why don’t we meet next Monday to talk about the key skills you mentioned; just a second, let me check my diary, yes, ok, that sounds good, 3 o’clock? Perfect, see you then;Ajor，Sathan Kue在讲话；嗨，萨森（Sathan），我是彼得，一切都好吧？很好，谢谢，一如既往；你留言，要我给你打电话；哦，是的，您听到有关Silly的消息了吗？什么新消息？她怀孕了;然后…？因此，您需要为团队配备一名新的结构工程师；哦，是的，当然，她打算什么时候离开？她说七月中旬；好吧，生完孩子后她会回来吗？这个，她会在稍后决定，但可能她要休息几年时间，我们最好考虑寻找替补的人，我们就顶替她那么久；是的，即使她以后回来了，无论如何我们团队还是需要额外的人，有很多事情要做；好了，那么程序是什么？好吧，首先，您需要确定您想要的替代人员需要具备的关键技能，然后我们需要准备或可能只是更新职位描述；好的，这很容易；然后，我们需要在打广告，先在内部广告，然后在外部广告；好;然后，这就是看很多简历，制作短名单，以及进行面试；就这些？嗯，在做出最终决定之前，我们还需要进行背景调查，然后通知成功的申请人，并组织入职培训；好吧，你看，我们为什么不在下周一见个面，讨论您提到的关键技能；请稍等一会，让我检查一下日程表，好的，三点钟怎么样？太好了，再见；MP311.2.mp311.3、 this is what we use to do, every day, we get hundreds of invoices from different suppliers, these went straight to the account department. Let’s imagine the invoice was for some materials, say a load of sand, the first thing they did was matching the invoice with the purchase order, to check we had ordered the sand, and the delivery note to check that the sand have been received; if the documents did not match, the invoice was sent back to supplier, if they did match, the accountdepartment send the invoice together with the purchase order and the delivery note to the project manager for approval; once the invoice was approved, the account department enter the details into the books and file the invoices in account payable file, the payment was then dealt with, normally by bank transfer, within 30 days of the receipt of invoice, the invoices then went into the paid invoice file, these files were kept for 10 years；这就是我们经常要做的事情，每天，我们从不同的供应商那里收到数百张发票，这些发票直接转到了会计部门；设想发票是用于某些物料的，例如一堆沙子，他们所做的第一件事就是将发票与采购订单进行匹配，以检查我们是否订购沙子，以及交货单来检查是否已收到沙子；如果单据不匹配，则将发票退回给供应商；如果单据匹配，则会计部门将发票以及采购订单和交货单一起发送给项目经理，以供批准；发票获得批准后，会计部门将详细信息输入帐簿，并将发票归档到应付帐文件中，然后通常在收到发票后的30天内通过银行转帐的方式进行付款，然后将发票转入已支付文件，这些文件将保存十年；MP311.3.mp311.4、that is the way we use to do it, nowadays, the system is all on computer, when the invoice comes in, it goes to accountdepartment as before, they type the process order number into the system and scan in the invoice , they also type in date of payment, the invoice number and the amount to be paid; the system checks whether or not the invoice is for the right amount, and if it has been approved, if everything is ok, the authorization is given for payment to be made, it is much easier, much faster, and there are few mistakes;这就是我们过去使用的方式，如今，系统全部在计算机里，当发票进来时，它像以前一样进入会计部门，他们将流程订单号输入系统并扫描发票，然后输入付款日期，发票编号和付款金额；系统会检查发票是否为正确的金额，如果发票已被批准，如果一切正常，则给出了付款授权书，它更容易，更快，而且几乎没有错误 ;MP311.4.mp3。

建筑工程管理专业英语概述建筑工程管理是一个涉及规划、设计、施工和运营建筑项目的综合学科。

在这个领域，专业英语是必不可少的工具。

本文将介绍一些在建筑工程管理中常见的专业英语词汇和表达，以帮助学习者更好地理解和运用这些术语。

建筑工程管理职责项目规划•Project planning：项目规划•Feasibility study：可行性研究•Project objectives：项目目标•Project budget：项目预算•Time schedule：时间进度表•Risk assessment：风险评估设计和工程图纸•Architectural design：建筑设计•Structural design：结构设计•MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing) design：机电管道设计•Working drawings：施工图纸•Blueprints：蓝图•Specifications：技术规范施工过程•Construction site：施工现场•Construction materials：建筑材料•Excavation：挖掘•Foundation：基础•Concrete pouring：浇筑混凝土•Steel reinforcement：钢筋加固•Framing：框架施工•Plumbing and electrical installation：管道和电气安装•Finishing work：装修工作•Quality control：质量控制•Safety measures：安全措施项目管理•Project management：项目管理•Project manager：项目经理•Stakeholders：利益相关者•Team collaboration：团队协作•Resource allocation：资源分配•Progress monitoring：进度监控•Change management：变更管理•Problem-solving：问题解决运营和维护•Operation and maintenance：运营和维护•Facility management：设施管理•Energy efficiency：能源效率•Preventive maintenance：预防性维护•Emergency repairs：紧急维修•Life cycle cost analysis：寿命周期成本分析建筑工程管理实例为了更好地理解这些专业英语词汇的运用，让我们看一下一个建筑工程管理实例。

English for constructionUnit 8 Design8.1、right, so,let’s look at the floor plan, as you can see, the house is 28 feet long, and 20 feet wide, this gives a total area of 560 square feet, the main room with the kitchen, is 16 by 20 feet, the bedroom is 12 by 14 feet, and the bathroom is 6 by 14 feet, you note that all these dimensions are within a tolerance of plus or minus 1 inch, the room’s started height is 8 feet, the door was all of the same, 32 inch wide and 6 feet at high; please note this drawings are not to skill, so the dimensions are for guidance only;，对，那么，让我们看一下平面图，正如您所看到的，房子长28英尺，宽20英尺，这总面积为560平方英尺，带厨房的主房间是16英尺乘20 英尺，卧室为12英尺乘14英尺，浴室为6英尺乘14英尺，请注意，所有这些尺寸均在正负1英寸的公差范围内，房间的起始高度为8英尺，门都是一样的，宽32英寸，高6英尺；请注意，此图并不是为技术性工作使用的，因此尺寸仅供参考；MP38.1.mp38.2、first, we look at various documents, such as preliminary specifications, drawings, utility requirements and so on,anything which can give us relevant information, we then calculate our initial estimate, as the design moves on into specific details, for example, floor plans, fittings, we get more accurate, this means we include cost of labor, materials and plant, subcontractor quotes and overheads, that things like legal fees, building permits, on site temporary construction, transporting sound, we even allow for stoppage due to weather, for example, if it snows, we cannot work on roofs, and then we add the profit we expect. Finally, we produce an estimate, that can be sent to you, the client, this is the bid price; 首先，我们查看各种文档，例如初步规格，图纸，公共设施要求等，任何可以提供给我们相关信息的资料，然后记性初步的估算，在设计进入细节，例如平面图、配件时，我们的估算就变得更加准确，这意味着我们包括了人工，材料和设备的成本，分包商的报价和间接费用，例如律师费，建筑许可费，现场临时施设费，甚至包括由于天气原因导致的停工，例如，如果下雪了，我们将无法在屋顶上工作，然后再增加我们所期望的利润，最后，我们产生一个估算价格，可以将其发送给您，我们的客户，这是投标价；MP38.2.mp38.3、Solid Arlee; Martini Booth, Jorwaly Martini is speaking,you send us an Email; Oh, yes, Mr. Martini, I like to build a swimming pool, an outdoor pool in my garden, Herten Kidle, how much will it cost? Come on, just ask you a couple of questions, first all, what size of the swimming pool would you like? About 20 by 10; is that meters? Yes; so, rectangular, no curves? Yes, exactly; what about depth? Say, 2 meters at the depends, and then the slope to the shallow end with 3 steps at the shallow end; No problem; have you thought about the type of the swimming pool, gone-light, which is very long lasting, is more expensive than, say, fiberglass, or maybe you want an above-ground pool; what is gone-light? A type of concrete; ok, yes, that sounds great; ok, you are also needed to think about tiles and coping, coping is what we have on the edge of the pool, there are a lot of options, stone, poured concrete, precast concrete, tiles; of course; well, the price will depend on which you choose, and then, there are things like plumbing and electrical equipment to install; can you explain? Well, you need to think about pumps and filtration systems and so on; I see; can you tell me something about the location, excavation costs depend on the type of ground; we are on the edge of the city, there is desert behind us, so, it is mostly stone and sand; there is one or two trees; ok, is it flat？ No, we are on a hill;ok, one last question, how long will it take? Around 2 to 3 months, once we have a building permit, again it depends on exactly what do you want; yes, I understand; ok, well, I have an idea of what do you like now, but I need to see the site and discuss a few more details with you, can I visit sometime? Touch you just send me an estimate; well, not really, to do this, I need to have more information, I can only give you a very rough estimate, very rough; that is ok, so, how much? Can I call you back in 10 minutes? I need to do some calculations; yes, that is fine, thank you, good by; by;我是Solid Arlee;我是马蒂尼·布斯（Jorwaly Martini），您给我们发送电子邮件；哦，是的，马蒂尼先生，我想在我的花园中建一个游泳池，一个室外游泳池，这要花多少钱？问您几个问题，首先，您想要多大的游泳池？大约20乘10；那是米吗？是;那么，矩形的，没有曲线？对，就是这样;深度呢？大概2米，是具体情况而定，然后向浅水端倾斜，3步台阶，到浅端；没问题;您是否考虑过游泳池的类型，gone-light混凝土的，很耐用，比玻璃纤维昂贵，或者您想要一个地上游泳池？什么是gone-light？一种混凝土；好，是的，听起来很棒；好的，您还需要考虑瓷砖和泳池边缘，泳池边缘就是我们在泳池边缘所拥有的，有很多选择，例如石材，浇筑混凝土，预制混凝土，瓷砖；当然;好吧，价格将取决于您的选择，然后，需要安装管道和电气设备之类的东西；你可以解释吗？好吧，您需要考虑泵和过滤系统等。

acceptable quality 合格质量acceptance lot 验收批量aciera 钢材admixture 外加剂anchorage 锚具anchorage length of steel bar 钢筋锚固长度arch 拱arch with tie rod 拉捍拱arch—shaped roof truss 拱形屋架auxiliary steel bar 架立钢筋backfilling plate 垫板bar splice 钢筋接头bark pocket 夹皮beam 次梁bearing plate 支承板(52)bearing stiffener 支承加劲肋(52)bent-up steel bar 弯起钢筋(35)block 砌块(43)block masonry 砌块砌体(44)block masonry structure 砌块砌体结构(41)blow hole 气孔(62)board 板材(65)bolt 螺栓(54)bow 顺弯(71)breadth of wall between windows 窗间墙宽度(46)brick masonry 砖砌体(44)brick masonry column 砖砌体柱(42)brick masonry structure 砖砌体结构(41)brick masonry wall 砖砌体墙(42)building structural materials 建筑结构材料(17)building structural unit 建筑结构单元(building structure 建筑结构(2butt connection 对接(59butt joint 对接(70)butt weld 对接焊缝(60)camber of structural member 结构构件起拱(22)cantilever beam 挑梁(42)cap of reinforced concrete column 钢筋混凝土柱帽(27) carbonation of concrete 混凝土碳化(30)cast-in—situ concrete slab column structure 现浇板柱结构cast-in—situ concrete structure 现浇混凝土结构(25) cavitation 孔洞(39)cavity wall 空斗墙(42)cement 水泥(27)cement mortar 水泥砂浆(43)clear height 净高(21)clincher 扒钉(?0)cold drawn bar 冷拉钢筋(28)cold—rolled deformed bar 冷轧带肋钢筋(28)column bracing 柱间支撑(7)compliance control 合格控制(23)composite mortar 混合砂浆(43)compound stirrup 复合箍筋(36)concrete 混凝土(17)concrete column 混凝土柱(26)concrete consistence 混凝土稠度(37)concrete floded—plate structure 混凝土折板结构(26)concrete foundation 混凝土基础(27)concrete mix ratio 混凝土配合比(38)concrete wall 混凝土墙(27)connecting plate 连接板(52)connection 连接(21)connections of steel structure 钢结构连接(59)connections of timber structure 木结构连接(68)consistency of mortar 砂浆稠度(48)constant cross—section column 等截面柱(7)corrosion of steel bar 钢筋锈蚀(39)coupled wall 连肢墙(12)coupler 连接器(37)coupling wall—beam 连梁(12)coupling wall—column…… 墙肢(12)cover plate 盖板(52)covered electrode 焊条(54)crack 裂缝(?0)crack resistance 抗裂度(31)crack width 裂缝宽度(31)creep of concrete 混凝土徐变(30)crook 横弯(71)cross beam 井字梁(6)cup 翘弯curved support 弧形支座(51)decay 腐朽(71)degree of gravity vertical for structure or structural member·结构构件垂直度(40) degree of gravity vertical forwall surface 墙面垂直度(49)degree of plainness for structural member 构件平整度(40)degree of plainness for wall surface 墙面平整度(49)design of building structures 建筑结构设计(8)designations 0f steel 钢材牌号(53detailing reintorcement 构造配筋(35detailing requirements 构造要求(22dimensional errors 尺寸偏差(39)dogspike 扒钉(70)double component concrete column 双肢柱(26)down-stayed composite beam 下撑式组合粱(8)effective depth of section 截面有效高度(33)embeded parts 预埋件(30)excessive penetration 塌陷(62)final setting time 终凝时间()fired common brick 烧结普通砖(43)fissure 裂缝(?0)floor plate 楼板(6)floor system 楼盖(6)four sides(edges)supported plate 四边支承板(12) frame structure 框架结构(2)frame tube structure 单框筒结构(3)frame tube structure 框架—简体结构(2)frame with sidesway 有侧移框架(12)frame without sidesway 无侧移框架(12)frange plate 翼缘板(52)full degree of mortar at bed joint 砂浆饱满度(48) gang nail plate joint 钉板连接()glued laminated timber 层板胶合木(¨)grider 主梁((㈠grip 夹具grith weld 环形焊缝(6÷))groove 坡口gusset plate 节点板(52)hanger 吊环hanging steel bar 吊筋hollow brick 空心砖(43)honeycomb 蜂窝(39)hook 弯钩(37)hoop 箍筋(36)inclined stirrup 斜向箍筋(36)一. 综合类2.foundation engineering基础工程3.soil, earth土unloading卸载reloading再加载shear modulus剪切模量二. 土的分类ndslides滑坡8.boulder漂石9.cobble卵石10.gravel砂石11.gravelly sand砾砂12.coarse sand粗砂13.medium sand中砂14.fine sand细砂17.clay粘土24.fill (soil)填土18.strip footing条基19.square spread footing方形独立基础26.settlement沉降27.deformation变形32.subgrade路基六. 基坑开挖与降水1 excavation开挖（挖方）2 dewatering（基坑）降水4 bracing of foundation pit基坑围护5 bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起6 retaining wall挡土墙12 braced cuts支撑围护13 braced excavation支撑开挖14 braced sheeting支撑挡板七. 深基础--deep foundation1.pile foundation桩基础1)cast –in-place灌注桩 diving casting cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩bored pile钻孔桩special-shaped cast-in-place pile机控异型灌注桩piles set into rock嵌岩灌注桩rammed bulb pile夯扩桩2)belled pier foundation钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foundation钻孔扩底墩under-reamed bored pier 3)precast concrete pile预制混凝土桩4)steel pile钢桩steel pipe pile钢管桩steel sheet pile钢板桩5)prestressed concrete pile预应力混凝土桩prestressed concrete pipe pile预应力混凝土管桩2.caisson foundation沉井（箱）3.diaphragm wall地下连续墙截水墙4.friction pile摩擦桩5.end-bearing pile端承桩6.shaft竖井；桩身7.wave equation analysis波动方程分析8.pile caps承台（桩帽）14.low pile cap低桩承台15.high-rise pile cap高桩承台20.pile groups群桩24.final set最后贯入度27.pile head=butt桩头28.pile tip=pile point=pile toe桩端（头）29.pile spacing桩距30.pile plan桩位布置图31.arrangement of piles =pile layout桩的布置35.pile cushion桩垫40.pile rig打桩机十五. 挡土墙--retaining wall2.foundation wall基础墙3.counter retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙4.cantilever retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙5.cantilever sheet pile wall悬臂式板桩墙6.gravity retaining wall重力式挡土墙7.anchored plate retaining wall锚定板挡土墙8.anchored sheet pile wall锚定板板桩墙十六. 板桩结构物--sheet pile structure1.steel sheet pile钢板桩2.reinforced concrete sheet pile钢筋混凝土板桩3.steel piles钢桩4.wooden sheet pile木板桩5.timber piles木桩十七. 浅基础--shallow foundation1.box foundation箱型基础2.mat(raft) foundation片筏基础3.strip foundation条形基础4.spread footing扩展基础pensated foundation补偿性基础6.bearing stratum持力层7.rigid foundation刚性基础8.flexible foundation柔性基础9.embedded depth of foundation基础埋置深度1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称。

工程施工现场英语作文{z}Title: Construction Site SceneIntroduction:The construction site is a bustling and dynamic place where numerous activities take place simultaneously.It is a common sight in urban areas, where skyscrapers and infrastructure projects are constantly emerging.This essay aims to provide a vivid description of a typical construction site, highlighting the various elements that contribute to its vibrant atmosphere.Body:As one approaches the construction site, the sound of machinery and loud conversations can be heard from afar.The site is bustling with activity, as workers in safety helmets and high-visibility vests go about their tasks with precision and urgency.Bulldozers, excavators, and cranes are busy at work, moving earth, concrete, and steel with ease.The site is divided into different areas, each with its specific purpose.One area is dedicated to the storage of construction materials, such as bricks, steel bars, and concrete blocks.Another area is reserved for the temporary offices and trailers that serve as administrative centers for the project.The construction site is a hive of activity, with workers moving back and forth, carrying out their respective responsibilities.Some areoperating heavy machinery, while others are involved in manual labor, such as bricklaying or concrete pouring.The atmosphere is one of cooperation and teamwork, as everyone works towards a common goal.Safety is a paramount concern on the construction site.Flags and signage are prominently displayed, reminding workers and visitors to exercise caution.Barricades and fences are set up to prevent unauthorized access to hazardous areas.Regular safety briefings and training sessions are conducted to ensure that everyone is aware of the necessary precautions to take.The construction site is not just a workplace; it is also a temporary home for many workers.Temporary housing facilities, such as dormitories and mess halls, are set up to accommodate the workforce.These facilities provide a place for workers to rest, relax, and socialize after a long day of work.Conclusion:The construction site is a dynamic and bustling place where numerous activities come together to create a vibrant atmosphere.It is a testament to human ingenuity and perseverance, as workers tirelessly contribute to the development and progress of society.The construction site serves as a reminder of the importance of teamwork, safety, and hard work in achieving common goals.。

Construction sites are bustling with activity as workers busily go about their tasks. The sounds of machinery and the shouted conversations create a cacophony that fills the air. The site is a hive of activity, with workers moving around, carrying tools and materials, and working on various projects.In order to ensure that the construction site runs smoothly and efficiently, there are a number of key factors that need to be considered. One of the most important aspects of any constructionproject is safety. This is why there are always safety officers present on site, ensuring that all workers are following the correct safety procedures and wearing the appropriate safety gear.Another key aspect of running a construction site is organization. There are a number of different projects taking place at the same time, and it is important that everything is well-coordinated. This is where the site manager comes in, overseeing the entire operation and making sure that everything is running on schedule.In addition to safety and organization, communication is also vital on a construction site. With so many different workers and tradespeople involved in the project, it is important that everyone is on the same page. This is why there are regular meetings and briefings, where the site manager will update everyone on the progress of the project and any changes to the plan.Construction sites are also a hub of activity when it comes to language. With workers coming from all over the world, there is a diverse range of languages being spoken. However, English is the most common language used on site, as it is the international language of construction. This is why it is important for all workers to have a basic understanding of English, or to at least be able to communicate in a common language.Overall, construction sites are a bustling and vibrant place, with a diverse range of people and activities taking place. With the right organization, communication, and safety measures in place, they can be a productive and efficient environment for workers to carry out their tasks.。