自考-国际商务英语(复习资料).docx

国际商务英语学科考试复习要点Lesson 1 International Business商务术语：FDI GDP BOT patent copyright value chain franchising (紫色书10-11页)考点：国际商务贸易的主要类型（major types of international business）A．Trade（贸易）：a. commodity trade (商品贸易,也叫有形贸易visible trade )b. service trade (服务贸易, 也叫无形贸易invisible trade)B. Investment (投资): a. foreign direct investment (FDI 外国直接投资)b. portfolio investment (证券投资)C. Other types (其他类型): a. licensing and franchising (国际许可与特许经营)b. management contract and contract manufacturing (管理合同和承包生产)翻译练习:1.随着经济全球化的发展,无形贸易即使在发展中国家的国际贸易中所占的比例也逐渐增大With the development of economic globalization, invisible trade accounts for an increasing proportion of the world trade even in the developing countries2.BOT是“交钥匙”工程的一种流行的变通形式BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey projectLesson 2 Income Level and the World Market商务术语:GNP PPP ( purchasing power parity 购买力平价) Staple goods (大路货)creditor country ( 债权国) (紫色书25页)考点:国民生产总值和国内生产总值(GNP 和GDP)GNP: refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economyGDP: refers to the market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.Per capita income (人均收入): It is calculated by dividing its national income by its population Triad and Quad (三方组合和四方组合): A. United StatesB. Western EuropeC. JapanD. Canada翻译练习:1.国民生产总值和国内生产总值体现了一个国家的全部收入,在衡量国民收入方面可以互换使用。

商务英语05844总复习资料月高等教育自学考试国际商务英语及答案年4全国2011课程代码：05844Ⅰ. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese. (10%)1. in a detour 迂回竞争性贬值 2. competitive devaluation寄售人 3. consignor客户流动性 4. customer mobility豁免条款 5. escape clauses股东 6. share holders潜在损失7. potential loss运载船只8. carrying vessel粗心大意9. negligent从量税10. specific dutyⅡ. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English. (10%)11.债权国The credit countryInternational contract 国际合同12.Term payment /分阶段付款13.定期付款The insured 被保险人14.The population plan 15.人口计划The preferential duty16.特惠税Infrastructure construction project 17.基础设施项目Shipping list 18.装箱单Disrupted19.破产Land and labor force20.土地和劳动力Ⅲ. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right. (10%)21. facilities( d )a. the price or cost of transportation22. premises( g ) b. easily to go bad23. middleman( f ) c. not to do something that has been arranged or decided upon24. perishable ( b ) d. something designed, built or installed to serve a specificfunction or perform a particular service25. access( j ) e. the act of paying a bill, debt, charge, etc.26. controversy( i ) f. trader through whom goods pass between the producer andthe customer27. carriage( a ) g. a tract of land including its buildings28. settlement( e ) h. an official group of persons who direct or supervise someactivities of a firm29. board( h ) i. public argument about something which many peopledisagree with30. cancel( c ) j. a way by which a place, esp. property can be reached orentered or usedⅣ. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English. (10%)31. term draft 远期汇票A draft which requires to pay after sight or in a given period of time after representation of relevant documents.32. transferable credit可转让信用证Credit which can be transferred to other parties during the transportation of goods.33. direct quote直接报价A certain amount of foreign currency, usually oneunit or one hundred unit, is marked with equivalent amount of homecurrency.34. acquisition收购Buying existing facilities35. GATT关税和贸易总协定The General Agreement of Tariff and Trade.V. Answer the following questions in English. (20%)36. What are the five major modes of the modern freight transportation system?Water, air, road, rail, pipeline37. What do “valued”policies mean?Valued policies mean that a country provide investors with preferential policies for insured return in order to attract foreign investment.38. What is the purpose to establish GSP(the Generalized System of Preference)?The purpose of GSP is to help development of developing countries by provide tariff concession to them.39. What is the relationship between MNEs and their host countries?The relationship of MNEs and their host countries is interdependable and interactive.Ⅵ. Translate the following into Chinese. (15%)40. The Bank for International Settlement (BIS) is a unique institution. Many of its operations are of types normally performed by a commercial bank, but it is owned principally by central banks, and managed by central banks and its principal customers are central banks. The objects of BIS are to promote the cooperation among central banks and toprovide additional facilities for international operations.国际结算银行是一个独特的机构。

本科毕业论文设计题目：小故事，大作为--小学英语教学中的故事教学Stories,make a deference--Stories Teaching works in Primary English Teaching学院：继续教育学院姓名： xxxxxxxxxx专业：英语教育年级： 2013级_指导教师： xxxxxxxxxxx时间： 2015年11月14日致谢这篇论文是在我的论文导师谢枝龙博士的悉心指导下完成的。

成文之际我向他给予的细心指导和帮助表示由衷感谢。

感谢所有教过我的老师们，在老师们的悉心教导和严格要求下，我的知识不断的积累和丰富，为今后的工作和生活做好了更充足的准备。

感谢我的父母，感谢他们对我的养育之恩。

他们给我的不但是物质上的养育，更有精神上的教育。

他们朴实的品格和吃苦耐劳的精神深深地扎根于我的思想中，激励我勇往直前!小故事，大作为--小学英语教学中的故事教学学科专业：英语教育指导教师：xxxxxxxxxx论文作者：xxxxxxx 毕业学校：江西师范大学[摘要]：故事是儿童成长过程中不可缺少的一部分，故事对儿童具有一种普遍的吸引力，生动、有趣的故事不但能够唤起学生学习的兴趣，为学生提供各方面的语言训练，还能培养学生的想象能力、思维能力、理解能力以及写作能力。

本文从以故事为载体，通过听故事、讲故事、演故事、编故事等多种方式，进行生动活泼的英语教学，阐述故事教学的魅力。

Stories, make a deference--Stories Teaching worksin Primary English TeachingMajor: English TeachingSupervisor: xxxxxxxxxxxAuthor: xxxxxxxxxxSchool Graduated: Jiangxi Normal University[Abstract]: Children's growth story is an indispensable part of the process, the story of the children to have a universal appeal, lively, interesting stories not only to arouse students 'interest in learning, to provide students with various aspects of language training, but also to cultivate students' imagination ability, thinking ability, comprehension and writing skills. In this paper, as the carrier from a story by listening to stories, telling stories, my story, stories and other means, lively teaching English to explain the story of teaching charm.[关键词]：英语教学故事趣味快乐[Key words]: English Teaching. Stories. Fun. Happy目录内容摘要 (2)Abstract (2)第一章绪论1.1引言 (4)1.2研究故事教学的意义 (4)1.3故事教学的重要性 (5)1.3.1激发学习兴趣，活跃课堂气氛 (5)1.3.2 形成健康人格，培养合作精神 (5)第二章如何运用英语小故事进行教学 (7)2.1故事教学法在词汇教学中的运 (7)2.2故事教学法在会话教学中的运用 (7)2.3故事教学法在语法教学中的运用 (8)第三章故事教学过程中的活动设计 (9)第四章故事教学的延伸——话题与故事 (10)第五章应用故事表演需要注意的问题 (11)5.1故事的选择：改编与创作 (11)5.2表演活动的设计.... .. (11)第六章结论 (13)[参考文献] ..... ...... ................... (14)第一章绪论1.1引言故事教学法是教师在课堂上根据所讲授的内容穿插些相关的简明、短小故事、以说明注解强调所讲内容，或者干脆就用故事内容代替讲课内容，吸引学生注意、激发学生听课兴趣、启发学生思考、直接从故事中悟到蕴涵的道理、掌握其中的知识技术等的一种深入浅出、化繁为简、寓教于乐、喜闻乐见的教学方法。

中英合作自考国际商务金融复习资料总结第一章国际商务概述1、国际商务的禽义：国际商务是指跨越国界的交易活动，包括货物、服务、资本等形式的国际转移。

2、国际商务的主要形式：国际商务活动最主要的形式是国际贸易与国际投资。

前者包括货物贸易与服务贸易，后者包括直接投资与间接投资。

3、跨国界交易是国际商务与国内商务活动的最人区别。

4、国际贸易的含义：是指世界各国（地区）Z间货物〈商品）和服务的交换活动，是世界各国在国际分工基础上相互联系的主要形式。

国际贸易按其交易对象町分为货物贸易和服务贸易。

5、G ATS （服务贸易总协定）对服务贸易的分类:过境支付、境外消费、商业存在和自然人流动。

6、过境交付：指自一成员境内向任何其他成员境内捉供服务，如通过电信、邮电、计算机网络实现的视听、金融、信息等服务。

7、境外消费：指在一成员境内向任何其他成员的服务消费者提供服务，如接待外国游客，提供旅游服务，为国外病人提供医疗服务，接收外国附学牛等。

8、商业存在：指一成员的服务提供者在任何其他成员编内通过商业存在哥供殴务，如外国公司到中国开办商店，设立金融机构，会计、律师事务所等。

9、自然人滚动：指一成员的服务提供者在任何其他成员境内通过自然人提供服务，如一国的医生、教授、艺术家到另一国从事个体服务等。

10、国际服务贸易具有的特点：（1）国际服务贸易的标的具有无形性。

（2）国际服务贸易标的的生产和消费过程具有同步性。

（3）国际服务贸易的标的是难以储存和反复转讣的。

（4）国际服务贸易一般不经过海关，也不显示在海关统计上；而国际货物贸易必须经过一国的海关，货物的进岀口反映在一国的海关统计中。

11、对外贸易：是指一国（地区）与其他国家（地区〉Z间货物和服务的交换活动。

一国对外贸易额包括出口额和进口额。

12、国际投资的含义：是指一国的投资者将其拥有的货币、实物及其他形式的资产或生产要素，经跨国界流动与配置形成实物资产、无形资产或金融资产，并通过跨国运营以实现价值增值的经济行为。

国际商务英语学科考试复习要点Lesson 1 International Business商务术语：FDI GDP BOT patent copyright value chain franchising (紫色书10-11页)考点：国际商务贸易的主要类型（major types of international business）A．Trade（贸易）：a. commodity trade (商品贸易,也叫有形贸易visible trade )b. trade (服务贸易, 也叫无形贸易invisible trade)B. Investment (投资): a. foreign direct investment (FDI 外国直接投资)b. portfolio investment (证券投资)C. Other types (其他类型): a. licensing and franchising (国际许可与特许经营)b. management contract and contract manufacturing (管理合同和承包生产)翻译练习:1.随着经济全球化的发展,无形贸易即使在发展中国家的国际贸易中所占的比例也逐渐增大With the development of economic globalization, invisible trade accounts for an increasing proportion of the world trade even in the developing countries2.BOT是“交钥匙”工程的一种流行的变通形式BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey projectLesson 2 Income Level and the World Market商务术语:GNP PPP ( purchasing power parity 购买力平价) Staple goods (大路货)creditor country ( 债权国) (紫色书25页)考点:国民生产总值和国生产总值(GNP 和GDP)GNP: refers to the market value of goods ands produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economyGDP:refers to the market value of all goods ands produced within the geographic area of an economy.Per capita income (人均收入): It is calculated by dividing its national income by its population Triad and Quad (三方组合和四方组合): A. United StatesB. Western EuropeC. JapanD. Canada翻译练习:1.国民生产总值和国生产总值体现了一个国家的全部收入,在衡量国民收入方面可以互换使用。

《国际商务英语》串讲Aabroad adv. 在国外，出国，广泛流传absence n. 缺席，离开absent adj. 不在，不参与absenteeism n. （经常性）旷工，旷职absorb v. 吸收，减轻（冲击、困难等）作用或影响abstract n. 摘要access n. 接近（或进入）的机会，享用权v. 获得使用计算机数据库的权利accommodation n. 设施，住宿account n. 会计帐目accountancy n. 会计工作accountant n. 会计accounts n. 往来帐目account for 解释，说明account executive n. （广告公司）客户经理*accruals n. 增值，应计achieve v. 获得或达到，实现，完成acknowledge v. 承认，告知已收到（某物），承认某人acquire v. 获得，得到*acquisition n. 收购，被收购的公司或股份acting adj. 代理的activity n. 业务类型actual adj. 实在的，实际的，确实的adapt v. 修改，适应adjust v. 整理，使适应administration n. 实施，经营，行政administer v. 管理，实施adopt v. 采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人advertise v. 公布，做广告ad n. 做广告，登广告advertisement n. 出公告，做广告advertising n. 广告业after-sales service n. 售后服务agenda n. 议事日程agent n. 代理人，经纪人allocate v. 分配，配给amalgamation n. 合并，重组ambition n. 强烈的欲望，野心*amortise v. 摊还analyse v 分析，研究analysis n. 分析，分析结果的报告analyst n. 分析家，化验员annual adj. 每年的，按年度计算的annual general meeting （AGM）股东年会anticipate v. 期望anticipated adj. 期待的appeal n. 吸引力apply v. 申请，请求；应用，运用applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请，施用，实施appointee n. 被任命人appraisal n. 估量，估价appreciate v. 赏识，体谅，增值*appropriate v. 拨出（款项）approve v. 赞成，同意，批准aptitude n. 天资，才能*arbitrage n. 套利arbitration n. 仲裁*arrears n. 欠帐assemble v. 收集，集合assembly-line n. 装配线，流水作业线assess v. 评定，估价asset n. 资产current asset n. 流动资产fixed asset n. 固定资产frozen asset n. 冻结资产intangible assets n. 无形资产liquid assets n. 速动资产tangible assets n. 有形资产assist v. 援助，协助，出席audit n. 查账，审计automate v. 使某事物自动操作average n. 平均，平均水准awareness n. 意识；警觉Bbacking n. 财务支持，赞助backhander n. 贿赂*backlog n. 积压（工作或订货）bad debt 死账（无法收回的欠款）balance n. 收支差额，余额balance of payments n. 贸易支付差额balance sheet n. 资产负债表bankrupt adj. 破产的bankruptcy n. 破产bank statement n. 银行结算清单（给帐户的），银行对账单bar chart n. 条形图，柱状图bargain v. 谈判，讲价base n. 基地，根据地batch n. 一批，一组，一群batch production 批量生产bear market n. 熊市beat v. 超过，胜过behave v. 表现，运转behaviour n. 举止，行为，运转情况below-the-line advertising 线下广告，尚未被付款的广告benchmark n. 衡量标准benefit n. 利益，补助金，保险金得益fringe benefits n. 附加福利sickness benefit n. 疾病补助费bid n. 出价，投标takeover bid n. 盘进（一个公司）的出价bill n. 账单，票据billboard n. （路边）广告牌，招贴板black adj. 违法的in the black 有盈余，贷方black list 黑名单，禁止贸易的（货物、公司及个人）名单black Monday n. 黑色星期一，指1987年10月国际股票市场崩溃的日子blue chips n. 蓝筹股，绩优股blue-collar adj. 蓝领（工人）的Board of Directors n. 董事会Bond n. 债券bonus n. 津贴，红利books n. 公司帐目book value n. 账面价值，（公司或股票）净值bookkeeper n. 簿记员，记帐人boom n. 繁荣，暴涨boost v. 提高，增加，宣扬bottleneck n. 瓶颈，窄路，阻碍bottom adj. 最后的，根本的v. 到达底部，建立基础bounce v. 支票因签发人无钱而遭拒付并退回brainstorm n./v. 点子会议，献计献策，头脑风暴branch n. 分支，分部brand n. 商标，品牌brand leader n. 占市场最大份额的品牌，名牌brand loyalty n. （消费者）对品牌的忠实break even v. 收支相抵，不亏不盈break even point 收支相抵点，盈亏平衡点breakthrough n. 突破brief n. 摘要brochure n. 小册子broker n. 经纪人，代理人bull market 牛市budget n. 预算bulk n. 大量（货物）adj. 大量的bust adj. 破了产的buyout n. 买下全部产权CCAD（=Computer Aided Design）n. 计算机辅助设计call n. 打电话call on v. 呼吁，约请，拜访campaign n. 战役，运动candidate n. 求职者，候选人canteen n. 食堂canvass v. 征求意见，劝说capacity n. 生产额，（最大）产量caption n. 照片或图片下的简短说明capital n. 资本，资金capture v. 赢得cash n. 现金，现付款v. 兑现cash flow n. 现金流量case study n. 案例分析catalogue n. 目录，产品目录catastrophe n. 大灾难，大祸CEO n. Chief Executive Officer（美）总经理chain n. 连锁店challenger n. 挑战者channel n. （商品流通的）渠道charge n. 使承担，要（价），把……记入（账册等）chart n. 图表checkout n. 付款台chief adj. 主要的，首席的，总的CIF， c.i.f. 成本保险费加运费circular n. 传阅的小册子（传单等）circulate v. 传阅claim n./v. 要求，索赔client n. 委托人，顾客cold adj. 没人找上门来的，生意清淡的commercialise v. 使商品化commission n. 佣金*commitment n. 承诺commodity n. 商品，货物company n. 公司limited （liability）company （ltd.）股份有限公司public limited company （plc）n. 股票上市公司compensate v. 补偿，酬报compensation n. 补偿，酬金compete v. 比赛，竞争competition n. 比赛，竞争competitor n. 竞争者，对手competitive adj. 竞争性的component n. 机器元件、组件、部件，部分concentrated marketing n. 集中营销策略condition n. 条件，状况*configuration n. 设备的结构、组合conflict n. 冲突，争论*conglomerate n. 综合商社，多元化集团公司*consolidate v. 帐目合并*consortium n. 财团constant adj. 恒定的，不断的，经常的consultant n. 咨询人员，顾问，会诊医生consumables n. 消耗品consumer durables n. 耐用消费品（如：洗衣机）consumer goods n. 消费品，生活资料*contingency n. 意外事件continuum n. 连续时间contract n. 合同，契约contractor n. 承办商，承建人contribute v. 提供，捐献contribution n. 贡献，捐献，税conversion n. 改装，改造conveyor n. 运送，传递，转让core time n. （弹性工作制的）基本上班时间（员工于此段时间必须上班，弹性只对除此以外的时间有效）cost n. 成本fixed costs 固定成本running costs 日常管理费用variable costs 可变成本cost-effective adj. 合算的，有效益的costing n. 成本计算，成本会计credit n. 赊购，赊购制度credit control 赊销管理（检查顾客及时付款的体系）letter of credit 信用证credit limit 赊销限额credit rating 信贷的信用等级，信誉评价creditor n. 债权人，贷方*creditworthiness n. 信贷价值，信贷信用crisis n. 危机，转折点critical adj. 关键的*critical path analysis n. 关键途径分析法currency n. 货币，流通current adj. 通用的，现行的Current account 往来帐户，活期（存款）户current assets n. 流动资产current liabilities n. 流动负债customise v. 按顾客的具体要求制造（或改造等）；顾客化cut-throat adj. 残酷的，激烈的cut-price a. 削价（出售）的CV（=curriculum vitae）n. 简历，履历*cycle time n. 循环时间Ddamages n. 损害，损失deadline n. 最后期限deal n. 营业协议，数量v. 交易dealer n. 商人debit n. 借方，欠的钱v. 记入帐户的借方debt n. 欠款，债务to get into debt 负债to be out of debt 不欠债to pay off a debt 还清债务debtor n. 债务人aged debtors 长期债务人declare v. 申报，声明decline n./v. 衰退，缓慢，下降decrease v. 减少deduct v. 扣除，减去default n. 违约，未履行defect n. 缺陷defective adj. 有缺点的defer v. 推迟deferred payments n. 延期支付deficit n. 赤字delivery cycle n. 交货周期*demand management n. 需求规化demotivated adj. 消极的，冷谈的deposit n. 储蓄，预付（定金）depot n. 仓库depreciate v. 贬值，（对资产）折旧depressing adj. 令人沮丧的deputy n. 代理人，副职，代理devalue v. 货币贬值（相对于其它货币）diet n. 饮食，食物，特种饮食differentiation n. 区分，鉴别dimensions n. 尺寸，面积，规模direct v 管理，指导director n. 经理，主管Managing Director n. 总经理direct cost n. 直接成本direct mail n. （商店为招揽生意而向人们投寄的）直接邮件direct selling n. 直销，直接销售directory n. 指南，号码簿discount n. 折扣，贴现dismiss v. 让……离开，打发走dismissal n. 打发走dispatch n./v. 调遣display n./v. 展出，显示dispose v. 安排，处理（事务）dispose of 去掉，清除distribution n. 分配，分发，分送产品*diversify v. 从事多种经营；多样化divest v. 剥夺dividend n. 股息，红利，年息division n. 部门*dog n. 滞销品down-market a./ad. 低档商品的*down-time/downtime n. 设备闲置期DP（=Data Processing）n. 计算机数据处理，计算机数据处理部门dramatic adj. 戏剧性的drive n. 积极性，能动性due adj. 应付的，预期的dynamic adj. 有活力的Eearnings n. 工资efficiency n. 效率endorse v. 背书，接受engage v. 雇用entitle v. 授权entitlement n. 应得的权利holiday entitlement n. 休假权equity n. 股东权益equity capital n. 股本equities 普通股，股票estimated demand n. 估计需求evaluate v. 估价，评价eventual adj. 最终的exaggerate v. 夸张exceed v. 超过exhibit n. 展览，表现expenditure n. 花费，支出额expense n. 费用，支出expense account n. 费用帐户expenses n. 费用，业务津贴expertise n. 专长，专门知识和技能*exposure n. 公众对某一产品或公司的知悉；广告所达到的观众总数Ffacilities n. 用于生产的设备、器材facilities layout n. 设备的布局规化、计划facilities location n. 设备安置*factoring n. 折价购买债券*fail-safe system n. 安全系统feasibility study n. 可行性研究feedback n. 反馈，反馈的信息field n. 办公室外边，具体业务file n. 文件集，卷宗，档案，文件v. 把文件（或资料）归档fill v. 充任finance n. 资金，财政v. 提供资金financial adj. 财政的financing n. 提供资金，筹借资金finished goods n. 制成品firm n. 公司fire v. 解雇fix v. 确定，使固定在fix up v. 解决，商妥fiscal adj. 国库的，财政的*flagship n. 同类中最成功的商品，佼佼者flexible adj. 有弹性的，灵活的flextime n. 弹性工作时间制flier（=flyer）n. 促销传单float v. 发行股票flop n. 失败flow shop n. 车间fluctuate v. 波动，涨落，起伏FOB， f.o.b n. 离岸价*follow-up n. 细节落实，接连要做的事forecast v. 预测four P's 指产品PRODUCT、价格PRICE、地点PLACE、促销PROMOTIONframework n. 框架，结构*franchise n. 特许经销权v. 特许经销，给予特许经销权franchisee n. 特许经营人franchiser n. 授予特许经营权者fraud n. 欺骗*freebie n. （非正式的）赠品，免费促销的商品freelance n.& adj. 自由职业者（的）funds n. 资金，基金futures n. 期货交易Ggap n. 缺口，空隙*gearing n. 配称（即定息债务与股份资本之间的比率）*gimmick n. 好主意，好点子goal n. 目标going adj. 进行的，运转中的going rate n. 产品的市场价格goods n. 货物，商品goodwill n. 声誉*go public v. 首次公开发行股票grapple with v. 与……搏斗，尽力解决grievance n. 申诉，抱怨gross adj. 总的，毛的gross margin n. 毛利率gross profit n. 毛利gross yield n. 毛收益gradually adv. 逐渐地group n. （由若干公司联合而成的）集团grow v. 增长，扩大growth n. 增长，发展guarantee n. 保证，保单guidelines n. 指导方针，准则Hhand in v. 呈送hand in one's notice 递交辞呈handle v. 经营*hands on adj. 有直接经验的hard sell n. 强行推销hazard n. 危险，危害行为head n. 主管，负责health and safety n. 健康和安全*hedge n. 套期保值hidden adj. 隐藏的，不明显的hierarchy n. 等级制度，统治集团，领导层hire v. 雇用hire purchase n. 分期付款购物法hit v. 击中，到达holder n. 持有者holding company n. 控股公司hostile adj. 不友好的，恶意的HRD n. 人力资源发展部human resources n. 人力资源Iimpact n. 冲击，强烈影响implement v. 实施，执行implication n 隐含意义incentive n. 刺激；鼓励income n. 工资或薪金收入，经营或投资的收入earned income 劳动收入，劳动所得unearned income 非劳动收入，投资所得increment v. 定期增加incur v 招致，承担*indemnity n. 偿还，赔偿index n. 指数，索引retail price index 零售价格指数indirect costs n. 间接成本induction n. 就职industrial adj. 工业的industrial action n. （罢工、怠工等）劳工行动industrial relations n. 劳资关系inefficiency n. 低效率，不称职inflate v. 抬高（物价），使通货等）膨胀inflation n. 通货膨胀*infringe v. 违法，违章initial adj. 初步的innovate v. 革新input n. 投入insolvent adj. 无清偿力的installment n. 部分，分期付款insure v. 给……保险，投保insurance n. 保险interest n. 利息，兴趣interest rate n. 利率interim n. 中期，过渡期间intermittent production n. 阶段性生产interview n./v. 面试interviewee n. 被面试的人interviewer n. 主持面试的人，招聘者introduce v. 介绍，提出*inventory n. 库存buffer inventory n. 用于应付突发性需求的存货capacity inventory n. 用于将来某时使用的存货cycle inventory n. 循环盘存decoupling inventory n. 保险性存货（以应付万一）finished goods inventory n. 制成品存货（盘存）pipeline inventory n. 在途存货raw materials inventory n. 原材料存货work-in-progress inventory n. 在制品盘存（存货）invest v. 投资investment n. 投资investor n. 投资者invoice n. 发票v. 给（某人）开发票irrevocable adj. 不可撤消的，不能改变的issue n. 发行股票* rights issue n. 优先认股权IT=Information Technology 信息技术item n. 货物，条目，条款Jjob n. 工作job description 工作说明，职务说明*job lot n. 一次生产的部分或少数产品job mobility 工作流动job rotation 工作轮换job satisfaction 工作的满意感（自豪感）*job shop n. 专门车间jobbing n. 为一次性的或小的订货需求而特设的生产制度joint adj. 联合的joint bank account （几个人的）联合银行存款帐户journal n. 专业杂志*jurisdiction n. 管辖（权）junk bonds n. 低档（风险）债券，垃圾债券junk mail n. （未经收信人要求的）直接邮寄的广告宣传*just-in-time n. 无库存制度Kkey adj. 主要的，关键的knockdown adj. （价格）很低的know-how n. 专门技术Llabel n. 标签，标牌v. 加标签，加上标牌labour n. 劳动，工作，劳动力labour market 劳动力市场labour relations 劳资关系labour shortage 劳动力短缺*launch v. 在市场推出一种新产品n. 新产品的推出lay-off/layoff n./v. 临时解雇layout n. 工厂的布局lead v. 领先，领导lead time n. 完成某项活动所需的时间leaflet n. 广告印刷传单lease n. 租借，租赁物legal adj. 合法的lend v. 出借，贷款lessee n. 承租人lessor n. 出租人*ledger n. 分类帐nominal ledger n. 记名帐purchase ledger n. 进货sales ledger n. 销货帐*leverage n. 杠杆比率liability n. 负债liabilities n. 债务licence（US：license）n. 许可证license v. 许可，批准life cycle n. 寿命周期likely adj. 可能的*line process 流水线（组装）link n. 关系，联系，环liquid adj. 易转换成现款的liquidate v. 清算*liquidity n. 拥有变现力liquidation n. 清理（关闭公司），清算liquidator n. 清算人，公司资产清理人listed adj. 登记注册的listing n. 上市公司名录literature n. （产品说明书之类的）印刷品，宣传品litigate v. 提出诉讼loan n./v. 贷款，暂借logo n. 企业的特有标记lose v. 亏损loser n. 失败者loss n. 损失lot n. 批，量loyalty n. 忠诚，忠实Mmagazine n. 杂志，期刊mailshot n. 邮购maintain v. 维持，保持maintenance n. 维持，坚持major adj. 重大的，主要的，较大的majority shareholding 绝对控股make n. 产品的牌子或型号make-to-order adj. 根据订货而生产的产品make-to-stock adj. 指那些在未收到订货时就已生产了的产品management n. 管理，管理部门middle management n. 中层管理人员senior management n. 高层管理人员managerial adj. 管理人员的，管理方面的manager n. 经理plant manager n. 工厂负责人line manager n. 基层负责人staff manager n. 部门经理助理management accounts n. 管理帐目matrix management n. 矩阵管理*management information system（MIS）n. 管理信息系统manning n. 人员配备manpower n. 劳动力manpower resources n. 劳动力资源manual adj. 体力的，人工的，蓝领的manufacture v. （用机器）制造manufacturer n. 制造者（厂、商、公司）manufacturing adj. 制造的manufacturing industry 制造业margin n. 利润gross margin n. 毛利率net margin n. 净利润mark-up v. 标高售价，加价market n. 市场；产品可能的销量down market adv./adj. 低档商品/地的up market adj./adv. 高档商品的/地marketing mix n. 综合营销策略，指定价、促销、产品等策略的配合market leader n. 市场上的主导公司*market niche n. 小摊位，专业市场的一个小部分1、国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而此国内贸易要复杂得多。

国际商务英语复习题库unit one International businessI .Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese.commercial risk 贸易风险opportunity cost 机会成本absolute advantage 绝对优势intellectual property 人才资源1.visible trade有形贸易2. credit inquiry信用调查3. letter of credit信用证4.balance of trade贸易顺差5.sales contract销售合同 6.bill of lading提单7.consular invoice领事发票8. draft汇票1.counter-offer 还盘2.firm-offer 实盘3.enquiry 询盘4.offeror 发盘人5. cooperative negotiation 合作谈判6.offer without engagement 虚盘7.acceptance 承兑1.insurance premium 保险费2.certificate of origin 原产地证书3.metric ton 公吨4. inland freight 内陆运费5. FOB Under T ackle FOB 吊钩下交货1. cost structure 费用结构2. cost of production 生产成本3.profit margin 利润率4. selling cost 销售费用1.liner transport 班轮运输2. sea waybill 海运提单3. shipper 托运人4. shipping marks 运输标志5. war risks 战争险6. natural calamity 自然灾害7.total loss 全损8. sue and labor expenses 施救费用1. promotion 促销2.international marketing 国内营销3.product differentiation 产品差异化4. sociocultural factors 社会文化因素5. market structure 市场结构1. financial instruments 金融工具2. crossing cheque 划线支票3. sight bill 即期票据4. commercial invoice 商业发票5. shipping documents 船运单据6. consular invoice 领事发票7. insurance policy 保单1.remitting bank 汇出行2. consignment 寄售3.D/P 即期付款交单4. D/A 承兑交单5. credit assessment 信用评估6. performance guarantee 履行合同保证金7. overdraft guarantee 账号透支保函1.export commodities fairs 出口商品交易会II. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English.国际商务international business 商业借贷commercial credit 双重征税double taxation 世贸组9.trade barrier贸易壁垒10.tariff关税11.export trade出口贸易12.letter of credit信用证13. transit trade过境贸易14.entrepot trade转口贸易15.certificate of origin原产地证书8.询盘enquiry 9. 还盘counter-offer 10.受盘人offered 11.发盘人offeror 12.虚盘offer without engagement 13. 实盘firm-offer6. 技术转让technological transfer7.内河航运inland water transportation8. 贸易协定trade agreement5.支付货币money of payment6. 硬货币hard 6. 市场细分market segmentation7.营销战略marketing strategy8. 消费者行为customer behavior9. 营销组合marketing mix 10.营销环境marketing environment 11. 目标市场target market12.营销研究market research currency 7.汇率exchange rate 8. 折扣discount9.期货/现货市场spot market9. 物权凭证document of title 10. 清洁提单clean bill of lading 11. 投保人policy-holder 12. 共同海损general average 13. 水渍险WPA ( with particular average)8. 价格术语term of price 9. 本票promissory note 10. 背书endorsement 11. 承兑人acceptor12. 受票人drawee 13. 商业单据commercial documents 14.提单bill of lading 15. 原产地证明certificate of origin 16.海关发票customs invoice10. 保兑行confirming bank 11. 议付行negotiating bank 12. 国际保理international factoring13. 银行保函bank guarantee 14. 光票托收clean collection 15规格、明细单specificationIV. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English.31.AQSIQ is abbreviation for The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局（简称国家质检总局）p29（卷一）32. international trade, also known as world trade or overseas trade, is the fair and deliberate exchange of goods and services across national boundaries.P1733 Balance of trade indicates the balance between the export value and the import value in a given period.P20（卷四）34.Incoterms is abbreviation for International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms 国际贸易术语解释通则P21（卷二）35. A packing list is a document made out by the seller stating the detailed content of each individual shipment.P33 (卷三）IV. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English.31.positional bargaining is based on fixed, opposing viewpoints and tends to result in compromise or no agreement at all 立场型谈判P46（卷一）32 Contract P65 A contract is an agreement that creates an obligation, which is a binding, legally enforceable agreement between two or more competent parties.33.offer with engagement P61 is the kind of offer, in which the offeror's intention of making a contract is definitely indicated, and under which the offeror cannot revoke or amend what he has offered during the validity of the offer.IV. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English.FOB--- free on board (d port of shipment)CIF---P83 cost, insurance and freight (d port of destination) 成本加保险费加运费（指定目的港）CIP--- P89 carriage and insurance paid to (d place of destination)运费，保险费付至IV. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English.customs duties P112 are taxes imposed by a government on the import or export of products or services, whose cost factors must be taken into account by the exporter when he prices his products.（卷一）marginal cost P115 is the variable costs per unit of the production 边际成本，是增加一单位（output) 随即而产生的成本增加，其等于总成本的变化量除以对应产量的变化量。

国际商务英语总复习资料.docxInternational Business EnglishLesson 1International BusinessBusiness Knowledge:The major differences between international business and domestic businessA.Differences in legal systemsB.Differences in currenciesC.Differences in cultural backgroundD.Different in natural and economic conditionsThe major types of international businessA.Trade/doc/1bccd8dc6729647d27284b73f242336c1fb9304c.html modity tradeb.Service tradeB.In vestmenta.Foreign direct investmentb.Portfolio investmentC.Other typesa.Licensing and franchisingb.Management contract and contract manufacturingc.Turnkey project and BOTTrade Terms:1.Customs area 关税区:2.Conversion货币兑换3.Visible trade 有形贸易:The form of commodity trade, i.c. exporting and importing goodsproduced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another, (including cash transaction-by means of money and market, and counter trade)4.Invisible trade ⽆形贸易：The form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance,consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries.5.FDI ⼣⼘国直接投资:Foreign direct investments. Returns through controlling the enterprises orassets invested in a host country? / P.256. One country acquires assets in a foreign countiy forthe purpose of controlling and managing （hem.6.Portfolio investment 证券投资：Purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other thancontrolling ?7.Stocks 股票：Capital stocks or bonds.& Bonds 债券:The papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the money lent or invested together with interest.9.Maturity （票据等）到期10.Certificate of deposit ⼈额存单11.Licensing 许可经营：In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firmin another country? They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty.12.Franchising 特许经营：Under franchising, franchisee is allowed to operate in the name of another,franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos and operating techniques for royalty?13.Trade Mark 商标14.Patent 专利15.Royalty专利（许可）使⽤费,版税16.Copyright 版权17.Licenser 许可⽅18.Licensee被许可⽅19.Franchiser 特许⽅：A firm who provides the franchisee with trademarks, brand names, logos andoperating techniques for royalty?20.Franchisee 被特许⽅：A firm is allowed to operate in the name of anothe⼕21.Management contract 管理合同：Under a management contract, one company offers managerialor other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume?22.Value chain 价值链23.Turnkey project "交钥匙”⼯程：For an international turnkey project, a firm signs a contractwith a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before han ding it over to the latter upon completion ?p4. [B OT建设、经营和移交:Build, Operate, Transfer25.Expertise专门知识26.Bonus红利、奖⾦、津贴27.Royalty许可使⽤费2& International investment 国际投资：Supplying capital by residents of one county to another.29.Contract manufacturing 承包⽣产30.GATT 关贸总协定：General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade31 ?International business 国际商务：Transaction between parties from different countries.Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export?32.Intellectual property 知识产权33.Oil deposit:⽯油储备=oil reserves34.the reserves of natural resources ⾃然资源储备35.Personal advancement个⼈的晋升，个⼈素质的提⾼以及个⼈事业的进步等。