九年级unit1导学案

Unit 1 How can we become good learners?Section A (1a-1c)Period 1Teaching Aims【教学目标】（1）熟练掌握下列词汇:textbook learner group by （2）熟练掌握下列短语：work with friends ask the teacher for help make word cards read the textbook listen to tapes（3）掌握下列句型：--- How do you study for a test?--- I study by working with a group.●Preview【预习生疑】根据汉语写出下列短语和句子1）制作单词卡_______________________ 2）读教科书________________3）向老师寻求帮助_____________________ 4）听磁带_______________5）和朋友一起学习____________________ 6）小组学习_______________7）你是如何复习备考的？______ _____ you _____ for _____ ______?8）我们如何成为优秀的学习者？______ ______ we ________ a _______ ________?9)她经常通过听磁带来练习说英语。

She often ________ _______ ________ by ________ to tapes.●Interaction【互动解惑】Step 1: Leading-inFree talk. Ask and answer in pairs using “how”questions. Step 2: PresentationNew words & check the answers in previewStep 3: Finish 1aTalk about the ways to study English. Then ask some students to share their ways.Step 4: ListeningListen to the tape and finish 1a.Step 5: PairworkWork in pairs and make conversations.Step 6:Language pointsby的用法①—How do you study for a test? I study by working with a group.②We usually go to school by bike.③English is spoken by many people.by的意思是“通过……的方式”时，后接_________词；当表示“乘坐”时，后跟________；它还可以表示___________，用于被动语态，引导出动作的发出者。

车村镇一中九年级英语导学案课题U1TISB 课型新授课编号14203主编陈亚楠组长审核领导审核班级小组姓名【学习目标】（幻灯片2）1、继续复习现在完成时。

2、学习1a和2a。

【自学指导一】1. 自读1a找出下列重点词组与句子，背会教师抽检。

★1a重点词组：take part in/join in /be in参加in a disabled children’s home 在残疾儿童之家Learn…from…从向……（中）学习have no time to do sth.没有时间做某事★重点句子：1.You took part in some volunteer activities during summer holidays, didn’t you?你在暑假参加了一些志愿者活动，是吗？（此句是反义疑问句。

反义疑问句即附加疑问句，由两部分组成：前一部分是对事物的陈述，后一部分是简略的问句。

前者用肯定形式，后者一般用否定形式；反之亦然。

）2.Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy.虽然我没有时间去旅行，但是我仍然感到很开心。

(连词though和although意为“虽然，尽管，即使，”引导让步状语从句，通常不与连用。

Even though和even if 带有强调的意味，语气较强；though和although语气较弱，而though比although 但更口语化。

1. 听1a录音，回答问题：①What did Maria do in her hometown?. .2.自读1a中的对话，标注疑难读音与翻译。

3.听1a录音两遍，第一遍自己边听边定正读音，第二遍跟读（要求：用手指着读的句子专心地听、读）。

4.组内通过对学或群学解决翻译疑难，师解疑。

5.细读1a对话，完成1b，1c任务。

6.找出1a中一般过去时与现在完成时的句子，在教师的引导下区别一般过去时与现在完成时。

Unit 1-Reading 2上课日期: 主备人：一、英汉互译：1. 和人们分享最好的艺术_________________________________2. His work shouts!________________________________________3. 日复一日和数字打交道_________________________________4. impress the whole country with his creative work______________5. 这家公司的总经理_____________________________________6. either take the lead or fall behind___________________________7. 随时准备接受新的挑战_________________________________8. A miss is as good as a mile._______________________________9. 注意每一个细节______________________________________10. can’t be too careful____________________________________二、单项选择：( )1. This type of MP4 is my favorite, but I can’t ________ it.A. spendB. costC. payD. afford ( )2. Go along the street. The museum is just on your right. You can’t ________ it.A. makeB. findC. missD. fail( )3. ---I didn’t know you take a bus to school.---Oh, I ________ take a bus, but it is snowing today.A. hardlyB. neverC. sometimesD. usually ( )4. ---Jack, I haven’t seen your brother for a long time.---He ________ Shanghai on business.A. went toB. has gone toC. has been toD. has been to ( )5. ---Would you like tea or coffee?---________ is OK. I really don’t mind.A. NoneB. EitherC. NeitherD. Both ( )6. ---Peter has good grades in all his subjects, but he never shows off.---I agree. He is very ________.A. easy-goingB. imaginativeC. modestD. generous ( )7. ---Why are you unhappy, Ben?---I was late for class again, I am afraid Miss Li will be ________ me.A. friendly toB. angry withC. busy withD. proud of ( )8. We believe scientists will ________ a way to solve the problem of air pollution.A. come up withB. keep up withC. catch up withD. make up with ( )9. Although Math is very difficult, you can’t ________.A. give in itB. give it inC. give up itD. give it up ( )10. The shy boy ________ always afraid ________ making a speech ________ a lot of people.A. /, to, forB. is, of, toC. does, to, forD. is, of, for ( )11. Life is like ________ race.A. theB. anC. aD. /( )12. ---Why don’t you buy the bike, Mary?---It’s too expensive. I can’t ________ it.A. sellB. lendC. keepD. afford( )13. Lily isn’t as ________ as Peter. She often makes mistakes in her composition.A. carelessB. carefulC. carelesslyD. carefully ( )14. ________ Gian _______ Tara is studying Chinese culture now. They find it rich and amazing.A. Both, andB. Not only, but alsoC. Either, orD. Neither, nor ( )15. When you visit a museum, you should ________ the instructions and don’t be against them.A. compare withB. look forward toC. pay attention toD. try out三、单词变形：1. My sister is a _______________(天生的) dancer.2. Jane is now the ________________(总的) manager of the hotel.3. Suzy is careful and she always pays __________________(注意) to details.4. The man over there is the chief __________________(工程师) of the project.5. Mary is the head of her company and a _______________(先锋) worker.6. To us, a small ____________(过失) in the experiment will be a great damage.7. Sandy came second in the _________________(赛跑).8. His father is an accountant. He works with _______________(数字) all his life.9. Doctor Wu is doing an o_______________ on my grandpa.10. C_______________ will be a disaster to a driver, so be careful when driving.11. We should be ready to take on new c______________ any time.12. He received p_____________ from his classmates for winning the prize.13. G______________ speaking, you are a good student.14. She is always willing to work e_____________ hours.15. Jack does his homework _______________(care), so he often gets bad grades.16. This in _______________(it) is great fun.17. Li Ming is one of the _________________(design) of the high-speed railway.18. Either you or he ________________(be) going to the cinema with me this evening.四、翻译句子：1. 吴伟用他的极具创意的作品给全国人民留下深刻的印象。

Unit 1 Selfcheck 导学案班级姓名小组得分学习目标：1掌握2个单词，2个短语的用法23使用说明：一自学单词（5）二独立完成Selfcheck以及导学案、讨论展示（20）三写作activity 2（20）1 独立完成协作内容2组内互相检查纠正错误、评出最优、最有突破的文章、全班展示量化自学检测一翻译下列词组1. 根本不2. 犯错3. 随后4. 害怕去做5. 取笑（某人）6. 做笔记7. 说本族语的人8. 结束（做某事）9. 学习语法10. 首先二. 单项选择( ) 1. I study math by ____ lots of exercises.A. didB. doingC. do( ) 2. ____ do you study for tests? I work with my friends.A. HowB. WhoC. When( ) 3. What _____ reading aloud to practice pronunciation?A. ofB. aboutC. around( ) 4. Why don’t you _____ to cassettes?A. listeningB. listenC. listened( ) 5. Many students asked the teacher _____ the time of the test.A. forB. toC. about三句型转换1Why don’t you go fishing with your father? （同意句）Why fishing with your father?2 My parents impress on me the importance of studying. （同意句）your parents on you?3This kind of cloth feels soft （提问）this kind of cloth ?4 He also studies for a test by making flashcard.（提问）he also study for a test?5 When I sleep, I always keep the window open.（同意句）I always sleep the window四作文activity 2小结、反思：。

车村一中九年级英语导学案班级小组姓名【学习目标】1.识记重点短语；2.找出文中含现在完成时的句子，理解，熟读并背会；3.总结复习现在完成时的基本用法。

【自学指导】自读课文，找出下列短语，写出其汉语意思并背会enjoy oneself play an important part inin the past play cardshave chances to do in one’s spare timespend on both andstay at home in recent yearsmake a tour abroad【自学检测】1. ____ the help of the government, the poor children can get ____ good education.A. Under; aB. With; aC. Under; anD. With; an2. ---___ he ever ____ abroad? ---No, never.A. Did; goB. Have; beenC. Has; beenD. Has; gone3. Though it was so cold, ____ he went out without a coat.A. butB. orC. soD. /4. ---Hello, this is Lily’s speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Lee?---Sorry, he’s ____ to Tianjin.A. beenB. goneC. wentD. go5. Our job is ____ the children.A. look afterB. looks afterC. to look afterD. looked after6. ___ her efforts, the projects will be a success.A. ThanksB. ThankC. Thanks toD. Thank to7. Mary ____ just ____ to New York. She’ll not be back until next Monday.A. have; beenB. has; goneC. have; goneD. has; been【合作探究】小组合作总结现在完成时的结构及用法（基本结构、否定形式、疑问句、肯定回答、否定回答）【知识梳理】1.复习本话题所讲的现在完成时的基本用法，掌握其基本结构；2.学会用现在完成时结合一些词组，表达自己家乡的变化及业余生活的变化。

九年级英语导学案参考答案Unit 1参考答案第一学时Secton A(3a-_4)一、1.practice pronunciation 2.improve speaking skills 3.the best way of doing/to do 4.memorize new words 5.be excited about 6.end up 7.make/do a survey about 8.listen to tapes 9.read aloud10.be frustrated二、1D 2C 3A 4C 5A 6B 7C 8A三、1.too boring watch 2. excited about 3.to learn by reading 4.very difficult to by watching 5.has been learning for第二学时SectonB (1a_-2c)一、make mistakes in/spoken English /writing practice/get the pronunciation right/ practice speaking English二、1.speaking 2.mistakes 3.challenge 4.solution三、1.didn’t pronounce 2.been singing 3.their solutions 4it frustrating 5. challenges四、1C 2B 3A 4A 5C 6D 7A 8B 9B 10B第三学时Secton B(3a-_4)一、1. it doesn’t matter 2.Don’t laugh at others 3.be afraid of g oing out 4.make complete sentences5.make English notes6.have difficulty using grammar7.be good for8.be a good English learner二、1.decide take lots notes 2.afraid to thought laugh at 3.make up full 4.deal with problems ter on realized it doesn’t mat ter三、understand /too quickly /English-language TV /listening practice /Original sentences四、略。

学习目标 1、掌握10 个单词，4个短语2、3、使用说明：一、自学 1、单词拼读-记忆-学科组长听写过关2、通读Section B 1a-4句子，领会要求3、认真阅读3a，红笔标注短语，重点句子和自己不能理解的地方独立完成3a的7的问题4、独立完成导学案并上交二、正课 1、单词检测（5）2、听力（10）3、复述3a（10）4、导学案释疑（15）自学检测一、翻译下列短语拼写一些英语单词 2 首先3 明白英语口语4 造完整的句子5犯语法错误 6 帮助很大7阅读很慢 8做大量语法笔记9正确发音正确发音 10 嘲笑11 做事有困难 12过会儿13 害怕 14 决定做什么事15过得很愉快过得很愉快二Do you still have trouble learning English well? list them12 Do you have some good ways to share with us?12 三完成句子1 每天晚上练习弹钢琴2 对他来说要完成一篇作文不是一件容易的事情3他有一些建议也许能帮助你4他们最终决定在成都5他们最终决定去成都四合作探究选词填空：look for, look up, look over1 If you don’t know his phone number, it on the yellow pageof the phone book.2 I it everywhere, but I still haven’t found it yet.3 The doctor for animals my pet dog carefully and said there was nothing serioustake part in, join1 Do you want us in going shopping?2 What kind of sports you last week?another ,the other, other1 The twins are both in our school, but one is a boy, is a girl2 I’m so hungry that I can eat3 cakes.3 He is very kind-hearted. He is often ready to help people. amazing, amazedThey were all at such news.小结整理：本堂课反思：。

英民中学九年级英语导学案班级：姓名：小组：编号：1周1 号课题Unit1` How can we become goodlearners? Section A (1a-2c)课型新授课课时第一课时学习目标1.我会听说读写textbook, conversation , aloud, pron unciation ,sentence, patient2.我能够根据听力内容要求获取有用信息。

3.我会用by+ doing 回答how 询问学习方式的疑问句并进行对话。

学习重难点：1.重点：学习目标1,32.难点：学习目标3。

学习流程学习内容学法指导和知识链接一、课前检测□ 1.读目标1中的单词，组长检查提问B类学生。

（参看学法指导1）□ 2.在黑板上默写目标1中的单词，C类学生上黑板默写，B 类学生检查。

二、自学尝试□（一）写出下列单词的现在分词。

（参看学法指导2）1 make_______2 listen______3 work _____4 ask__________5 read _______6stop_____ 7 use______8 begin_______□（二）试着翻译1.翻译短语1）study for a test_____________2）have conversations with sb _______________3）make word cards________________4）ask the teacher for help __________5）in this way_______________6)听磁带__________________7）以小组学习________8）大声读练习发音_________________2.翻译句子1) -How do you study for a test ?____________________-I study by w orking with a group.思考：1 以how询问方式的句子如何回答？1.根据音标拼读规则读背单词2.现在分词的构成方法:1）直接在动词原形末尾加ing 2）以不发音的字母e结尾的，去e加ing. 3）以“一元一辅一重读”结尾的双写末尾的辅音字母加ing2 by 后动词用什么形式？三合学展示1小组核对答案，找出不会的，写在展板上。

九年级英语导学案Unit 1 Grammar2 日期：主备人：一．选择题（共12小题）1．﹣Which of the two T﹣shirts would you like？﹣________．I don't like their styles．（）A．Either B．Both C．None D．Neither 2．Gong Zijie won the 2014 International Photography Contest for Kids．His photo is silent _______ powerful，it shows the shadow（影子）of a weed（野草）on the Forbidden City's red walls．（）A．and B．or C．but D．so3．﹣What is your animal sign，Joe？﹣My animal sign is the Tiger．It _______ that people born in the Year of the Tiger are brave．（）A．says B．is said C．talks D．A&B4．﹣﹣﹣I hear that you don't like coffee，do you？﹣﹣﹣No，I stayed up late last night and I need a cup of coffee to refresh myself.（）A．but B．and C．or D．so5．﹣﹣﹣How do you like the movie series Mission Impossible？﹣﹣﹣Fantastic! the first the sixth movie of the series is wonderful.（）A．Either；or B．Both；andC．Neither；nor D．Not only；but also6．﹣When are you going to Beijing for your holiday？（）﹣I haven't decided．____ this Sunday next Sunday is OK．A．Not only；but also B．Neither；norC．Either；or D．Both；and7．﹣When are you going to visit your grandparents？﹣I haven't decided．_____ today _____ tomorrow is OK．（）A．Not only；but also B．Neither；norC．Either；or D．Both；and8．Football is a popular sport．____ my father ____ my mother is interested in watching football matches．（）A．Not only；but also B．Neither；norC．Both；and D．Either；or9．Rita her mother know my address．They often drop by my home．（）A．Not；but B．Both；andC．Either；or D．Not only；but also10．﹣How do you like the two pairs of shorts？﹣They don't fit me well．They are too long too short．（）A．not only；but also B．both；andC．neither；nor D．either；or11．﹣Didn't you give roses to your mother on Mother's Day？﹣Oh，yes，I did．I gave _______my mother _______my grandmother．（）A．either；or B．neither；norC．not only；but also D．not；but12．﹣Are you going to take part in the speech competition？﹣______．It's too good a chance to miss．（）A．No problem B．My pleasureC．I can't agree more D．That's for sure二．句型转换（共5小题）13. She is a volunteer. I am a volunteer, too (保持句意基本不变)______ ______she ______ ______ I ______a volunteer.14. Helen is full of energy. Jane is also full of energy. (保持句意基本不变)______ Helen ______Jane ______full of energy.15 I don't know my blood type. She doesn't know my blood type. (保持句意基本不变)I don't know my blood type. She doesn't know, ______16. Millie doesn't know anything about personalities. Her mother doesn't, either(保持句意基本不变)______ Millie______ her mother______ anything about personalities17 Lisa helps her dad do the dishes after lunch at the weekend (对画线部分提问)______ ______ Lisa ______her dad do the dishes after lunch?三．词汇应用（共5小题）18．Neither of the girls（have）been to Japan．19．Not only Lucy's sister but also her brother（help）her learn English．20．Liu Hao always works to high（标准），but he's easy to work with．21．After several（过失），he finally managed to hit the target．22．It's a custom for a Chinese family to buy a new（挂历）when the new year is drawing near．四．选词填空（共1小题）23．1．Tom Peter is in the classroom．They are both in the library now．2．Mary's friends Mary likes watching TV on weekends．3．There is no water air on the moon．4．Lily Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home．5．The scientist knows two languages．He can speak English French．五．阅读理解（共1小题）Are some people born clever and others born stupid？Or is intelligence （智力）developed by our environment and our experience？Strangely enough，the answer to these questions is yes．In some degree，our intelligence is given to us at birth，and no education can make a genius （天才）out of a child born with low intelligence．On the other hand，a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in a rich environment．Therefore，the limits（限度）of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth，whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment．This point of view is now held by most experts．It is easy to show that intelligence is something that we are born with．The closer the bloodrelationship between two people is，the closer their intelligence is likely to be．If we take two strangers by chance from the population，it seems that their degree of intelligence will be completely different．If，on the other hand，we compare two twins，they will very likely be as intelligent as each other．Relatives like brothers and sisters，parents and children，usually have similar intelligence，and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth．Imagine now that we take two twins and put them in different environments．We might send one，for example，to a university and the other to a factory separately where the work is boring．We would soon find differences in intelligence developing，and this shows that environment as well as birth plays an important part．This result is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other，but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence．1．How is man's intelligence given？A．At birth．B．Through education．C．Both at birth and through education．D．Neither at birth nor through education．2．What can we learn from the example of the twins going to a university and to a factory？A．The importance of their intelligence．B．The role of environment on intelligence．C．The importance of their jobs．D．The part that birth plays．3．What statement is TRUE according to the passage？A．No education can help make a genius．B．Personality is as important as intelligence which was given to people at birth．C．People who have similar degree of intelligence must be relatives．D．Environment influences people in intelligence developing．4．How does the writer make his idea clear？A．By giving explanation．B．By giving an example．C．By giving figures（数字）．D．By giving suggestions．。

车村一中九年级英语导学案课题U1T1SC 课型新授课编号14204 主编张沥丹组长审核领导审核班级小组姓名【学习目标】1.识记重点短语；2.找出文中含现在完成时的句子，理解，熟读并背会；3.利用现在完成时进行写作训练.【自学指导】1.自读课文，找出下列短语，写出其汉语意思并背会in the 1960s living conditionshave/get a chance to do So……thatso that in order thatin order to keep/get in touch withlose touch with kinds/sorts ofwhat`s more =even more what`s worse =even worsenot only……but also2.自读1a中的对话，同桌互读纠正读音，然后互译。

3.跟读录音（师、生）两遍（要求：用手指着读的句子专心、大声地跟读）。

【自学检测】细读1a内容，完成课本1b和1c;【合作探究】1，小组合作，根据1a的前3幅图片用一般过去时造句①②③2，小组合作，根据1a的后3幅图片用现在完成时造句①②③【知识梳理】1.掌握本节课重点短语句子；2.复习本话题所讲的现在完成时的基本用法，掌握其基本结构；3.掌握一般过去时和现在完成时区别；【当堂检测】1. Li Ming has ________________ (取得很大进步) in English, because he studies hard.2. China has succeeded in (获得成功) ______ (send) Shenzhou VII into space.3. –– Where is Zhang Ming? Mr. Lee asks him to go to the office.–He ______ the playground. He is playing football there.A. has been toB. has gone toC. have been toD. goes to4.——Have your parents______ abroad?Yes,they visited London last year.A.goneB.gone toC.beenD.been to5. Nowadays, more and more people______each other by cellphone or the Internet.A.get on withe up withC.keep up withD.keep in touch with4.【课后作业】参照课本sectionC1a和sectionD1a内容完成写作训练要求：1，用一般过去时和现在完成时，两种时态描述家乡变化。

车村一中九年级英语导学案班级小组姓名【学前反馈】复习现在完成时的概念及构成【学习目标】1. 复习现在完成时（一）, 学习1a2.。

掌握have/has been to和have/has gone to句型。

【自学指导】1a重点词组：be happy to do高兴做某事take place 发生have a good summer holiday暑假玩得高兴Not bad不错come back from从…回来more and more beautiful越来越美丽so… that…那么以至于have/has been to某人去过……（去而复返）have/has gone to某人去……了（去而未归）By the way 顺便问一下重点句子：Rita, you have just come back from your hometown. 丽塔，你刚从老家回来。

- Where have you been, Jane ?- I have been to Mount Huang with my parents .简,你去了那里?我和我的父母去过黄山。

She has gone to Cuba to be a volunteer…. 她去古巴当自愿者了……There goes the bell.铃响了。

1. 听1a录音，回答问题：①Where has Rita been? .②What about Jane? .2.自读1a中的对话，同桌互读纠正读音，然后互译。

3.跟读录音（师、生）两遍（要求：用手指着读的句子专心、大声地跟读）。

4.细读1a 对话，完成1b。

【自学检测】1.写出现在完成时的构成：2.用所给动词的正确形式填1._____ you ______(clean) the room? Yes, we__________(do) that already.When _______ you ______(do) it? We _______(do) it an hour ago.2.______ he ______(see) this film yet? Yes.When _____ he _____(see) it? He ______ it last week.3. How many times _____you______(come) here? ------Once.4. --- your sister （read）the book? No, she hasn’t.【合作探究】探讨have/has been to ... have /has gone to ...的区别【同步训练】用have/has been to 和have /has gone to填空。

Unit 1 How can we become good learners?Section A一、课堂回顾Ⅰ. 单词1. ________ n. 教科书；课本2.________ n. 交谈；谈话3. ________ adv. 大声地；出声地4.________ n. 发音；读音5. ________ n. 句子6.________ n. 表情；表示；表达方式7. ________ v. 发现；发觉8.________ n. 语法9. ________ v. 重复；重做10.________ n. 物理；物理学11. ________ n. 化学12. ________ adj. 有耐心的；n. 病人13. ________ n. 秘密；秘诀；adj. 秘密的；保密的14. ________ n. 笔记；记录；v. 注意；指出Ⅱ. 短语15. 查字典16. 向老师寻求帮助17. 和朋友交谈18. 和小组一起学习19. 一个单词一个单词地读20. 因为21. 爱上Ⅲ. 句子22. ——你怎样为了考试而学习？——我通过和小组一起来学习。

—________ do you study for a test?—I study ________ ________ with a group.23. 你读得越多，你的速度就会越快。

________ ________ you read，________ ________ you’ll be.24. 但是我因为自己糟糕的发音害怕问问题。

But I was afraid to ask questions ________ ________ my poor pronunciation.25. 我发现听一些有趣的东西是语言学习的秘诀。

I discovered that ________ to something interesting _______ the secret to language learning.二、词汇精讲1. aloud adv.大声地；出声地【辨析】(1)aloud(指人)出声地，指为使人听见而发出声音，不是心想，不是默读，常与read，think 连用。

Unit 1 Stay HealthyLesson 1: What's wrong with Danny?【学习目标】知识目标1. 掌握的词汇：fever，stomach，examination, pale, regret，pain，pardon，X-ray2. 短语：wake (sb.) up；have (got) a fever；have (got) a pain；get dressed；be dressed in，point to; need to do sth.; need doing sth.; arrive at (in) = get to = reach 3. 句型：I don't feel well.Don't worry. The doctor will see you soon.It's going to be OK, son.能力目标：学会询问某人患了何种疾病及表达身体不适；学会谈论一些安康问题，并提出合理的建议。

情感目标：学会关心他人的安康。

【重点及难点】：1. What's wrong with you? = What's the matter with you? = What's your trouble?2. I regret eating so many donuts now.3. Danny’s father gets dressed quickly.4. Danny needs to stay in the hospital.5. We may need to take an X-ray.【导学过程】一、自主预习【预习指导】1.自学教材第1课单词与词组，你可以听录音跟读，根据音标读，或者请教别人读。

做到发音标准，弄清词性和汉语意思。

2.自学教材第2页内容，仔细读课文至少三遍，弄清课文大意。

用红色横线划出文中的重要句子。