化学专业英语-化学专业英语课-期末考试试卷含答案

化学工程与工艺专业英语试题卷参考答案一．Put the following into English or Chinese.1.石油化学制品2. alkali3. sodium carbonate4. 聚合作用5. ammonia6. 药物7. antioxidant8. 聚四氟乙烯9. 环己烷10..carbonmonoxide 11. 乙醇胺12. thermodynamics 13. 光谱学14. refinery 15. 多相的16. isothermal17. 聚氧化亚甲基18. chloride 19. ethanol 20. 聚氯乙烯二.Translation.1. 4 generations under one roof2. to be a winner of the family3. 教务处4.国家助学金5.Principles of chemistry(unit operations)6.生产实习7.graduation thesis8.妇产医院9.transport phenomena10.金窝，银窝，不如自己的狗窝11.normal university 12.综合性大学13.应试教育14.master of business administrator 15.分析化学16.税务局17.party committee 18.专卖店19.chain store(multiple shop) 20.主任医生三、Put the following sentences underlined into ChineseA在20世纪六、七十年代，由于聚乙烯、聚丙烯、尼龙、聚酯环氧树脂等聚合物合成需求量的大量增加，石油化工产品产量呈现爆炸式的增长。

B单一的化工厂产量有从精细化工领域的每年几吨到肥料、石油领域的化工巨头的每年500，000吨。

C一方面，化学生产工业的扩张，另一方面，化学工程与工艺科学的先进，这些使为化工生产奠定了理论基础成为了可能。

练习一参考答案1将下列句子或段落翻译成英语1)A process is any operation or series of operations that causes a physical or chemical change in asubstance or a mixture of substances .The material that enters a process is referred to as input or feed the process,and that which leaves is called output or product.2)As a chemical engineer,you might be called on to design individual process units (such as reactors,distillation columns,heat exchangers),supervise the operation of a process,or modify a process design to accommodate a change in the feed or in the desired product characteristics.As a rule,to any of these things you must know the amounts,compositions,and conditions of the materials that enter and leave each process unit,and if you are working with an existing units,you must be able to measure enough of these quantities to verify that the process is doing what it was designed to do.3)Founded in 1839from a small production firm for pharmaceutical products,B.Braun has grown steadilyinto a multinational company dealing with medical products,medical technology,pharmaceutical and biotechnology.2将下列句子或段落翻译成汉语1）包括的一系列操作，如混合、蒸发、过滤，无论产物是什么，这些操作都基本同，从而导致了单元操作的概念。

化学专业英语试卷B2012—2013 学年度第一学期应用化学专业《专业英语》课程试卷（B）注意事项： 1.考生务势必自己姓名、学号、专业名称写在指定地点；2.密封线和装订线内禁止答题。

题号一二三四五总分分数选分评卷人一、词汇填空（写出以下每个词汇对应的英汉单词）（共20 小题，每空 1 分，共 20 分）1.原子（）2.镍（）3.氦（）4.元素（）5.阴离子（）6.钴（）7.丙酮（）8.碘（）9.乙醚（）10.钾（）11.甲烷（）12.乙醇（）13.chlorine(）14.nickel（）15.phosphorus （）16.potassium（）17.arsenic（）18.sulfur（）19.butane（）20.aluminum（）二、给以下无极化合物的英语名称（共 10选分评卷人小题 , 每题 2 分，共 20 分）1.HCl2.HBr3.CuSO44.H2SO45.NaCl6.Na2S7.KF8.Al 2O39.KMnO 410.FeCl3二、给以下有机化合物的英语名称（共 5 小题, 每小选分评卷人题 4 分，共 20分）1.CH3CH(CH 3)CH2CH(CH 2CH3)CH2CH32.(CH3)2C＝CHCH 33.CH2(OH)CH 2CH(CH 2OH)CH 2OH4.3，4-二甲基苯酚5.甲乙醚选分评卷人三、英译汉（共10 小题 , 每题 4 分，共 40 分）1.The study of the properties of substances constitutes animportant part of chemistry, because their properties determine the uses to which they can be put.2.The cleavage of the different crystals of salt is the same; when crushed, thecrystals always break along planes parallel to the original faces, producing smaller crystals similar to the larger ones.3.It is customary to say that under the same external conditions all specimens of aparticular substance have the same physical properties (density, hardness, color, melting point, crystalline form, etc).4.Sodium chloride has the properties of changing into a soft metal, sodium, anda greenish-yellow gas, chlorine, when it is decomposed by passage of anelectric current through it.5.When biscuits are made with use of sour milk and baking soda there is a chemicalreaction between the baking soda and a substance in the sour milk, lactic acid, toproduce the gas carbon dioxide, which leavens the dough by forming smallbubbles in it.6.When an acid, base, or salt is dissolved in water the resulting solution is a conductorof the electric current and is termed an electrolyte. If no conduction of current occurs, the compound is known as a nonelectrolyte.7.Green chemistry is the chemistry that aims to reduce the amount of hazardoussubstance coming out in the process of producing chemical materials and toreduce the amount of resource and energy consumed in that process.8.Nonbenzenoid compounds containing rings of carbon atoms are called alicyclic.These are carbocyclic compounds which resemble aliphatic compounds inmany ways.9.The second group is composed of compounds derived from or related to benzene,C6H6. Because the first known derivatives of benzene were natural products extracted from balsams and impressed the discoverers because of their fragrant aromas, the group as a whole came to be known as aromatic compounds.10.Heterocyclic compounds are cyclic compounds with the ring containing carbon andother elements, the commonest being oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur. There are anumber of heterocyclic rings which are easily opened and do not posses anyaromatic properties, e. g. , ethylene oxide,γ- and δ-lactones.。

《化工专业英语》答案一、词汇翻译1. 盐酸2. 颜料3. 硫酸4. 氢氧化钾5. 氯化钠6. 硝酸铵7. 甲烷8. 硅9. 碳酸钙10. 二氧化碳11.碳酸钙12.乙炔13.氯化钾14.氧化汞15.网格球顶16.晶体学17.对称的18.杂化19.聚氨酯20炸药二、阅读理解1.C2.D3.B4.D5.A；C D C D A四、英译汉1. 也许你主修保健科学，希望从事一个医学或药学方面的工作。

如果这样，你将希望熟悉水溶液的性质，包括血液和其它体液。

分在过去的几十年里，化学家们研制了很多挽救生命的产品，包括在化学疗法中使用的药物和用于对付抗性微生物的新型抗生素2. 在这种土壤中，化合物中的氮是植物生物化学过程中的有限反应物农民通过向土壤中施加氨和其它氮肥以增加这种有限反应物的量，从而大幅提高大豆、小麦和其它作物的产量3. 食品工业中使用盐酸从玉米淀粉中制备玉米糖浆，从骨头中制取明胶。

这些反应包括通过酸的作用将大分子破碎成小分子。

盐酸也存在于胃部中，帮助消化破碎食物，包括将淀粉转化成糖。

4. 在杂货店中出售的清洗液“阿莫尼亚”实际上是氨气的水溶液。

氨水具有一种特征的刺激性气味。

闻氨水气味时要特别小心，让瓶子距离自己的鼻子一段距离，用手轻轻扇动瓶中冒出的氨气，只能闻飘过来的少量氨气。

5. Smalley以擅长网格球顶设计的建筑师巴克敏斯特富勒的名字来命名这个分子为“巴克敏斯特富勒烯”，他提出的结构与足球相同，C60很快又被冠以“巴基球”的昵称。

Final Examination PaperⅠⅠ. Monochoice questions酸碱滴定1. Which species cannot be titrated accurately with solution of strong base of 0.1mol/L HCl? ( ).A. Na3PO4(Ka1=7.5×10－3, Ka2=6.23×10－8, Ka3=2.2×10－13)B. Na3BO3(Ka=7.3×10－10 )C. NaCN(Ka=4.93×10－10 )D. NH4OH(Kb=1.75×10－8)2. Which answer is right in arithmetic setup of 38.91× (6.81-6.73)? ( )A. 3.113B. 3.11C. 3.1D. 33. In quantitative analysis, which method listed below can not be used to decrease the system error?( )A. instrument correctionB. increase the mensurationC. change the reagentD. temperature correction4. Use potassium acid phthalate (KHC8H4O4) as a primary standard substance to standardize theconcentration of the NaOH solution. How about the concentration of the NaOH solution standardized when there are a small quantity of neutral impurity in KHC8H4O4?（）A. Its concentration standardized will be on the high side.B. Its concentration standardized will be on the low side.C. Its concentration standardized will not be affected.D. the influence on its concentration standardized is uncertain.5. Assuming the error is ±0.0001g when we use the analytical balance to weigh the sample, so how much is the relative error when we use the analytical balance to weigh 0.1000g sample in direct way.( )A. ±0.01％B. ±0.02％C. ±0.1％D. ±0.2％6. If we want to determine the concentration of Na2HPO4, Which standard solution as titrant listedbelow is reasonable?( )A. solution of 0.1 mol·L-1 H3PO4.B. solution of 0.1 mol·L-1 HCl.C. solution of 0.1 mol·L-1 NaOHD. solution of 0.1 mol·L-1 NH3.7. Which of the following is 5 for the number of significant figures ( )?.A. 1.200 ×108B. pH=12.245C. 0.00605D. 12.708%8. Which substance can use as indicator to show the end point for the titrations that range of titration jump is 5.7～6.5? ( )A. bromophenol blue(3.1～4.6)B. methyl red.C. phenolphthalein.D. bromthymol blue(6.0～7.6).9. Assuming the error is ±0.0001g when we use the analytical balance to weigh the sample. so how much is the relative error when we use the analytical balance to weigh 0.1000g sample in direct way.( )A. ±0.01％B. ±0.02％C. ±0.1％D. ±0.2％10. Which choice listed below is wrong when we talk about range of titration jump. ( )A. The range of titration jump depend on concentration of solution.B. The range of titration jump depend on strength of acid.C. The range of titration jump depend on strength of base.D. The range of titration jump depend on range of color change of indicator.依数性6. The red blood cell will be shrinkable in which solution listed below?（）A. 10.0 g·L-1CaCl2·2H2O(Mr＝147)B. 12.5g·L-1NaHCO3(Mr＝84.0)C. 1.00 g·L-1NaClD. 224g·L-1C3H5O3Na(Mr＝112)11. There are four water solutions of the equal volume in which there are equal mass of glucose, CaCl2, NaHCO3and sucrose respectively. Then whose freezing-point is the lowest? ( )[Mr(glucose)180( HAc)60(Na2CO3)106 (CaCl2) 111]A. GlucoseB. HAcC. CaCl2D. Na2CO312. Which choice listed below is isotonic solution? ( )A. 5% glucose solution and 5% sucrose solutionB. 1 mol·L-1 glucose solution and 0.5 mol·L-1 sucrose solutionC. 0.5 mOsmol·L-1 urea solution and 0.5 mOsmol·L-1 NaCl solutionD. 0.5 mol·L-1 MgSO4solution and 0.5 mol·L-1 CaCl2 solution电解质9. We learn that the K a of HF is 3.53×10-4 and the K b of NH3·H2O is 1.79×10-5, then which option following is true?( )A. NH4＋is a stronger acid than HFB. NH4＋is a weaker acid than HFC. the acidic strength of NH4＋and HF are equal.D. can not do the compare13. A solution was prepared by mixing equal volume of 0.10mol·kg－1NH4Cl and 0.10mol·kg－1NH·H2O, its ionic strength ( I ) is ( ) mol·kg－1.3A. 0.05B. 0.075C. 0.10D. 0.1514. 0.10mol NaOH and 0.10mol HAc are dissolved into 1.0L distilled water together, please calculate the pH of this solution( ) (Ka(HAc)=1.74×10－5)(A) 10.28 B. 11.28 C. 8.88 D. 12.2815. There is 1L 0.1mol·L－1H2CO3 solution with the addition of 0.5ml 0.1mol·L－1 HCl solution. Which choice listed below is true? ( )A. pH decrease, dissociation degree of H2CO3 decrease.B. pH decrease, dissociation degree of H2CO3 increase.C. pH increase, dissociation degree of H2CO3 increase.D. pH increase, dissociation degree of H2CO3 decrease.16. A solution containing the equal concentrations of Cl-,I- and CrO42- ions. Add the AgNO3 to the solution drop by drop, then the sequence of the ions precipitating out of the solution is ( ).（KspAgCl=1×10-10，KspAg2CrO4=4×10－12，KspAgI=9×10-17）A. CrO42->I->Cl-－B. CrO42-<I-<Cl-－C. I->Cl-> CrO42D. I-> CrO42-> Cl-17. The solubility of Mg(OH)2 is maximum when it was dissolved in ( ).A. 1mol·L－1NH4Cl solutionB. 2mol·L－1MgCl2 solutionC. pure waterD. 1mol·L－1NaOH solution18. The concentration of every solutions listed below is 0.10mol·L－1, the pH of which is greater than 7?( )A. NH4ClB. Na2CO3C. NH4AcD. MgCl2缓冲溶液16.The buffer range of a buffer solution prepared by mixing 500ml 0.4mol·L-1 H2CO3 solution and 200ml 0.4mol·L-1 NaOH is about ( ). (pK a1=6.37; pK a2=10.25 )A. 1.12～3.12B. 6.21～8.21C. 11.32～13.32D. 5.37～7.37.19. If you mix two solutions of equal volume in each option listed below, which option has no buffer action. （）A. 0.2mol·L-1HCl和0.2mol·L-1KClB. 0.02mol·L-1HCl和0.04mol·L-1NH3·H2OC. 0.01mol·L-1KH2PO4和0.2mol·L-1Na2HPO4D. 0.01mol·L-1NaOH和0.02mol·L-1HAc20. The most important ACID resistant in the plasma of human being is （）A. H2PO4-B. HPO42-C. HCO3-D. H2CO321. The color of the solution is orange with the addition of methyl orange indicator. In order tokeep the pH of the solution stable, which buffer system listed below is the best? ( )A. 0.1mol·L-1 HAc — 0.1mol·L-1 NaAc (K a = 1.8×10-5)B. 0.1mol·L-1 NH3·H2O — 0.1mol·L-1 NH4Cl (K b = 1.8×10-5)C. 0.1mol·L-1 NaH2PO4 — 0.02mol·L-1 Na2HPO4(K a = 6.2×10-8)D. 0.1mol·L-1 HCN — 0.02mol·L-1 NaCN (Ka = 4.9×10-10)Ⅱ.Fill the blank. (Please fill your answers into the blanks following).1. When the HCl standard solution is used to titrate a sample solution which containing NaHCO3 and Na2CO3, the indicator is(1) in the first step of the titration，the indicator is (2)in the second step of the titration (pKa1=6.35；pKa2=10.33)2.A 2.05 g sample of white phosphorus was dissolved in 25.0g of carbon disulfide,CS2. The of the carbon disulfide solution was found to be 1.59℃. The molecular weight of the phosphorus is (3) g·mol-1 in solution? The formula of molecular phosphorus is (4) mol·L-1 (boiling-point elevation constant K b of CS2=2.4; Mr(P)=31)Ⅲ.Calculation1. A sample of 0.1276g of an unknown monoprotic acid was dissolved in 25.00 mL of water andtitrated with 0.0633 M NaOH solution. The volume of base required to reach the equivalence point was 18.4 mL. (a) Calculate the molar mass of the acid. (b) After 10.00 mL of base had been added in the titration, the pH was determined to be 5.87. What is the K a of the unknown acid?Final Examination PaperⅡⅠ. Monochoice questions依数性6. The osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by the equal volume of 8.4%（g/ml）NaHCO3 and18%（g/ml）glucose (C6H12O6) is equal to the osmotic pressure of ( ). [Mr(glucose)180 (NaHCO3)84]A. 5.85%（g/ml）NaCl solutionB. 1.5mol·L-1sucrose solutionC. 1mol·L-1glucose solutionD. 1 mol·L-1 CaCl2 solution7. Which of the following statements is a logical deduction ( )A. if a nonvolatile solute is added to water, the boiling point of the solution will be 100℃.B. the addition of a volatile solute will change the boiling point of the water.C. atmospheric pressure will affect the composition of the aqueous solution.D. if a nonvolatile solute is added to water, the freezing point of the solution will be lower than that of water.电解质8. Which species is the strongest acid that can exist in aqueous solution? ( )A. NaOHB. Na2CO3C. OH-D. KOH9. A 0.1 mol·L-1 solution of potassium acetate, KC2H3O2, has a lower pH than a 0.1 mol·L-1 solution of potassium cyanide, KCN. From this, you can correctly conclude that ( )A. hydrocyanic acid, HCN, is a weaker acid than acetic acid, HC2H3O2.B. hydrocyanic acid, HCN, is less soluble in water than acetic acid, HC2H3O2.C. the cyanide ion, CN–, is a weaker base than the acetate ion, C2H3O2–.D. acetate ion, C2H3O2, partially dissociates to form hydronium ion, H3O+.10. The factor that does not affect on the activity coefficient has ( )A. ionic concentrationB. charge on the ionC. ionic strengthD. K a or K b11.The pH of mixed solution by 0.10mol·L－1NH3 and 0.10mol/L NaOH is about ( ).（K b=1.8×10-5）A. 9B. 1C. 6D. 1312. The solubility of BaSO4 is not changed when it was dissolved in ( ).A. 1mol·L－1KCl solutionB. 2mol·L－1 Na2SO4 solutionC. pure waterD. no answer13. There is 1L 0.4mol·L－1Na2CO3 solution with the addition of 1.0 ml 0.1mol·L－1 HCl solution. Which choice listed below is true? ( )A. pH decrease, dissociation degree of CO32- decrease.B. pH decrease, dissociation degree of CO32- increase.C. pH increase, dissociation degree of CO32- increase.D. pH increase, dissociation degree of CO32- decrease.14. 25℃, the Ksp of Ag2CrO4is 1.12×10-12, so the concentration of Ag+ions in the saturate solution of Ag2CrO4 is ( )A. 6.54×10-5mol·L-1B. 1.21×10-5mol·L-1C. 1.21×10-4mol·L-1D. 6.54×10-4mol·L-1缓冲溶液15.The buffer range of a buffer solution in which there are the same concentrations of Na2HPO4 and NaH2PO4 is about. (pK a1=2.12; pK a2=7.21 pK a3=12.32)Which one is wrong? ( ).A. 1.12～3.12B. 6.21～8.21C. 11.32～13.32D. all the choice above16. To determine the content of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions in tap water, in order to keep the pH =10,which buffer system listed below is the best? ( )A. 0.1mol·L-1 HAc — 0.1mol·L-1 NaAc (K a = 1.8×10-5)B. 0.1mol·L-1 NH3·H2O — 0.1mol·L-1 NH4Cl (K b = 1.8×10-5)C. 0.1mol·L-1 NaH2PO4 — 0.02mol·L-1 Na2HPO4(K a = 6.23×10-8)D. 0.1mol·L-1 H2CO3— 0.02mol·L-1 NaHCO3(Ka = 4.3×10-7)17. The most important ACID resistant in the plasma of human being is （）A. H2PO4-B. HPO42-C. HCO3-D. H2CO318. If you mix two solutions of equal volume in each option listed below, which option has no buffer action. （）A. 0.2mol·L-1HCl and 0.2mol·L-1KClB. 0.02mol·L-1HCl and0.04mol·L-1NH3·H2OC. 0.01mol·L-1KH2PO4and 0.2mol·L-1Na2HPO4D. 0.01mol·L-1NaOH and 0.02mol·L-1HAcⅡ.Fill the blank. (Please fill your answers into the blanks following)1. the theoretical range of color change of a weak basic indicator is (1) which K b is 1.0×10－42. A 1.0 g sample of the protein hemoglobin is dissolved in enough water to make 1 L (kg) of solution. The osmotic pressure of the solution is measured at 25 ℃and found to be 0.1 kPa. The molecular mass of hemoglobin is (2) and the molality of the hemoglobin solution is (3) .Final Examination PaperⅢⅠ. Monochoice questions滴定分析1.What is the result of calculation of (20.83--20.43)/0.4000? ( )A. 0.10B. 1.0C. 1.000D. 0.10002.If the K In of a weak basic indicator is 1.0×10-5, what is the color transition pH range of this indicator? ( )A. 4-6B. 6-8C. 7-9D. 8-103.What result would be if NaOH solution was standardized against potassium hydrogen phthalate, the measured concentrations of the NaOH solution in the cases that the initial buret reading of the NaOH solution should be recorded as 1.00 mL, but was recorded as 0.10 mL by mistake. ( )A. highB. lowC. unchangeD. uncertain4.Weigh 1.3350 g of analytical reagent Na2CO3to prepare 250.00 mL of primary standard solution, and use it to titrate approximate 0.1 mol·L-1HCl solution. If 25.00 mL is required to neutralize 24.50 mL of HCl completely and methyl orange is used to indicate end point, report the molarity of HCl solution. ( ) [Mr(Na2CO3)=106]A. 0.1028 mol·L-1B.0.2056 mol·L-1C. 0.05140 mol·L-1D. 0.4112 mol·L-15.依数性How much is the normal freezing points of the solution in which 21.0g NaCl is dissolved in 135mLof water ? [K f=1.86 K·kg·mol-1 , Mr(NaCl)=58.5] ( )A. -9.89℃B. 19.89℃C. 9.89℃D. 19.89℃6.If you want to have osmosis between two dilute solutions separated by semipermeable membrane, which choice listed below is wrong.（）A.Both of the two osmotic pressure are not equal.B. Both of the two osmolarity are not equal.C.Both of the two solutions are not isotonic.D. Both of the two molality are not equal.7.In 500mL normal saline water, the osmolarity of the Cl-ions is ( ) mOsmol·L－1 [Mr(Cl)=35.5]A. 77B. 196C. 154D. 3088.The minimum mass of NaCl that would have to be added to 1.200×103 g H2O so the resulting solution would not freeze outside on a cold day(-10℃) is ( ) (K f=1.86 K·kg·mol-1 , Mr[NaCl]=58.5)A.94.3gB. 188.6gC.282.9gD.377.2g9.电解质There is 1L 0.1mol·L－1 HAc solution with the addition of 0.5mL 0.1mol·L－1 NaCl solution. Which choice listed below is true? ( )A. pH decrease, dissociation degree of HAc decrease.B. pH decrease, dissociation degree of HAc increase.C. pH increase, dissociation degree of HAc increase.D. pH increase, dissociation degree of HAc decrease.10.What is ionic strength ( I ) for the solution that contains 0.10 mol·kg－1NaCN and 0.10 mol·kg－1HCN ( ).A. 0.025mol·kg－1B. 0.050mol·kg－1C. 0.20mol·kg－1D. 0.10mol·kg－111.K sp for SrSO4 is 4.0×10-8 at certain temperature. How much is the solubility of SrSO4 in H2O. ( )A. 4.0×10-8 mol·L-1B. 2.0×10-4 mol·L-1C. 8.0×10-8 mol·L-1D. 1.0×10-4 mol·L-112.Which substance can use as ampholyte in different solvent?( )A. Na NO3B. HAcC. NaClD. Na OH13. A solution is 0.15 mol·L-1 in Pb2+ and 0.20 mol·L-1 in Ag+. If a solid of Na2SO4 is added slowly to this solution, which option of the following is true? ( ) K sp for PbSO4 = 2.53×10-8, Ag2SO4 =1.20×10-5A. PbSO4 will precipitate out of solution firstB. Ag2SO4will precipitate out of solution firstC. PbSO4 and Ag2SO4 will precipitate out of solution simultaneouslyD. no precipitate14.pH of the solution in which 0.2 mol·L－1 H3A solution and 0.6 mol·L－1 NaOH solution are mixed in the same volume is ( ) (Ka1= 1.0×10-5 , Ka2= 1.0×10-7 , Ka3= 1.0×10-9)A. 5.0B. 6.5C. 11.0D. 1.015.缓冲溶液Which option of the following determines the capacity of a buffer ( )A. Conjugate acid-base pairB. Buffer-component ratioC. Buffer rangerD. p K a of the acid component16.The buffer range of a buffer solution prepared by mixing 100mL 0.2mol·L-1 H2A solution and 100mL 0.3mol·L-1 NaOH is about ( ). (pK a1=4.00; pK a2=9.00 )A. 3.00～5.00B. 5.00～7.00C. 8.00～10.00D. 9.00～11.0017.If two solutions are mixed in equal volume in each option listed below, which option has no buffer action? （）A. 0.2 mol·L-1 NaOH and 0.2 mol·L-1 KClB. 0.2 mol·L-1 HCl and 0.4 mol·L-1 NH3·H2OC. 0.1 mol·L-1 H3PO4 and 0.1 mol·L-1 Na2HPO4D. 0.1 mol·L-1 NaOH and 0.2 mol·L-1 HAc18.To prepare a buffer of pH 9, which buffer system listed below is the best? ( )A. 0.1 mol·L-1 HAc — 0.1 mol·L-1 NaAc (p K a = 4.75)B. 0.1 mol·L-1 NH3·H2O — 0.1 mol·L-1 NH4Cl (p K b = 4.75)C. 0.1 mol·L-1 H2CO3— 0.15 mol·L-1 NaOH(pK a1=6.37; pK a2=10.25 )D. 0.1 mol·L-1 HCN — 0.02 mol·L-1 NaCN (p K a = 9.5)Ⅱ. Simple answer question1.酸碱滴定Can 0.1000 mol·L-1 formic acid (HCOOH) of 20.00 mL be titrated by 0.1000 mol·L-1 NaOH standard solution directly? Please give reasons. What indicator can be used to signal endpoint (p K a = 3.75)?（5 marks）2.电解质溶液Pivaic acid is a monoprotic weak acid. A 0.100 mol·L-1 solution of pivalic acid has a pH=3.00. What is the pH of 0.100 mol·L-1 sodium pivalate at the same temperature?3. How many significant figures are there in each of the following numbers (assume that each number is a measured value)?3.25 0.0025 0.0203 2.3% 0.900 0.2530 1.3830 2.0 105 pH=3.21Final Examination PaperⅣⅠ. Monochoice questions1.酸碱滴定If you had to do the calculation of (22.83--21.43)/1.4000, what would be the correctresult of significant figure? ( )A. 0.10B. 0.100C. 1.00D. 1.0002.If the K HIn of a weak acidic indicator is 1.0×10-5, what is the color transition pH range of thisindicator? ( )A. 4-6B. 6-8C. 7-9D. 8-103.What result would be if NaOH solution was standardized against potassium hydrogen phthalate, the measured concentrations of the NaOH solution in the cases that the mass of potassium hydrogen phthalate should be 0.3510 g, but was recorded as 0.3570 g by mistake? ( )A. highB. lowC. unchangeD. uncertain4.How many grams of potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHC8H4O4) primary standard substance are required to standardize about 25 mL of 0.1 mol·L-1 NaOH solution? ( ) [Mr(KHC8H4O4)＝204 g·mol-1]A. 0.2550gB.0.5100gC. 0.05100gD. 1.0200g5.依数性How much is the normal freezing points of the solution in which 15.4g of urea is dissolved in 66.7 mL of water ? [K f=1.86 K·kg·mol-1 , Mr(CON2H4)=60.0] ( )A. -7.16℃B. 0℃C.-0.25℃D. 1.11℃6.The osmolarity of 1000 mL officinal solution in which it contains NaHCO3 of 6.45g·L -1 andKCl of 5.79 g·L -1 is ( ) mOsmol·L－1. [Mr(NaHCO3)=84, Mr(KCl)=74.5]A. 76.3B. 152.7C. 309D. 6107. A hemoglobin (Hb) solution of 1L is prepared by dissolving 35.0g of Hb into water. If the osmotic pressure of the solution is found to be 1.33kPa at 25℃. The molar mass of hemoglobin is ( ) .A. 537B. 5.37×10-4C. 6.52×104D. 1008.电解质8,9,10,11,12,13,14There is 1L 0.1mol·L－1NaHCO3solution with the addition of0.1mol NaCl solid. Which choice listed below is true? ( )A. pH unchanged, dissociation degree of HCO3 unchange.B. pH decrease, dissociation degree of HCO3 increase.C. pH increase, dissociation degree of HCO3 increase.D. pH increase, dissociation degree of HCO3 decrease.9.what is ionic strength ( I ) for 0.10 mol·kg－1 NaCl solution ( ) mol·kg－1.A. 0.025 mol·kg－1B. 0.050mol·kg－1C. 0.20mol·kg－1D. 0.10mol·kg－1PO ion is 3.3×10-7 10.In a saturated solution of calcium phosphate, the concentration of 34mol·L-1. the K sp of Ca3(PO4)2 is ( )A. 3.3×10-7B. 1.65×10-7C. 9.9×10-21D. 1.3×10-3211.Which substance can use as strong base in glacial acetic acid ?( )A. HAcB. NH3C. H2OD. H3PO412.A solution is 0.15 mol·L-1in Pb2+and 0.20 mol·L-1in Ag+. If a solid of Na2SO4is added slowly to this solution until the Ag+ starts to precipitate as the sulfate. What is SO42- concentration reached at least at this point? ( ) K sp for PbSO4 = 2.53×10-8, Ag2SO4 =1.20×10-5.A. 1.7×10-8B. 2.53×10-8C. 3.0×10-4D. 1.20×10-513.pH of solution in which 0.2 mol·L－1H3PO4solution and 0.2 mol·L－1Na3PO4solution are mixed in the same volume is ( D ) (Ka1= 7.5×10-3 , Ka2= 6.3×10-8 , Ka3= 2.2×10-13)A. 12.8B. 1.32C. 2.12D. 7.2114.125.0 mL of 0.40 mol·L-1 propanic acid, HPr, is diluted to 500.0 mL. What will the final pH of the solution be? (K a=1.0×10-5) ( )A. 3B. 11C. 5D. 9缓冲溶液15.The buffer range of a buffer solution prepared by mixing 100ml 0.2mol·L-1 H3PO4 solution and 100ml 0.5mol·L-1 NaOH is about ( ). (pK a1=2.16; pK a2=7.21; pK a3=12.32 )A. 1.16～3.16B. 6.21～8.21C. 8.00～10.00D. 11.32～13.3216.The color of the solution is yellow with the addition of methyl orange indicator and red with the addition of methyl red. In order to keep the pH of the solution stable, which buffer system listed below is the best? ( )A. 0.1mol·L-1 HAc — 0.1mol·L-1 NaAc (p K a = 4.75)B. 0.1mol·L-1 NH3·H2O — 0.1mol·L-1 NH4Cl (p K b = 4.75)C. 0.1mol·L-1 NaH2PO4 — 0.1mol·L-1 Na2HPO4(pK a2=7.21 )D. 0.1mol·L-1 HCN — 0.1mol·L-1 NaCN (p K a = 9.5)17.Which option has largest increase of pH when add 0.5mL of 0.1 mol·L-1NaOH in the following solution? ( )A. 0.1 mol·L-1 HAc — 0.1 mol·L-1 NaAc (p K a = 4.75)B. 0.1 mol·L -1 NH 3·H 2O — 0.1 mol·L -1 NH 4Cl (p K b = 4.75)C. 0.1 mol·L -1 H 2CO 3 — 0.15 mol·L -1 NaOH (pK a1=6.37; pK a2=10.25 )D. 0.1 mol·L -1 HCN — 0.02 mol·L -1 NaCN (p K a = 9.5)18. To prepare a buffer of pH 10.5, which buffer system listed below is the best? ( )A. CH 3NH 2·HCl —CH 3NH 2 (p K a =10.65)B. NH 3·H 2O —NH 4Cl (p K a =9.25)C. Na 3PO 4 —Na 2HPO 4 (pK a3 = 12.32)D. H 2CO 3—NaHCO 3 (pK a1=6.37)Ⅱ.Calculation1. 电解质Ethylamine, CH 3CH 2NH 2, has a strong, pungent odor similar to that ammonia. Likeammonia, it is a base. A 0.10 mol·L -1 solution has a pH of 11.86. Calculate the K b for theethylamine, and find K a for its conjugate acid, 323NH CH CH .2. Calculate the osmotic pressure of 0.020mol·L-1 NaCl solution at 25 ℃.3. (1) 0.1mol·L-1 HAc solution 。

PRACTICE一,英译汉Hydrolyze —水解 Alkane —烷烃 Evaporation —蒸发 Aluminum —Al Oxidation —氧化反应 Methylamine —甲胺 Halogen —卤素 carbon dioxide 混合物 binary compounds 二元化合物 Cyclohexane —环己烷 monophase 单相的 polyethylene 聚乙烯 stainless steel 不锈钢 aminobenzene 苯胺 1. The Ideal-Gas Equation of State 理想气体状态方程 2. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律 3. Reaction Rates 反应速率 4. Activation Energy 活化能 5. Separatory Funnel 分液漏斗 6. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化7. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对 8. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应9. The Solubility-Product Constant 溶度积常数 二，命名 1. 甲烷 methane2. 2-甲基-3-乙基辛烷 3-ethyl- 2-methyloctane3. 2-乙基-1,3-丁二烯 2- ethyl -1, 3-butadiene4. 环己烷 Cyclohexane5. 对二甲苯 paraxylene6. 乙酸甲酯 Methyl acetate7. 醋酸 Acetic acid8. 丙酮Acetone C H 3C H C H 2C H 2 C H 2C H C H 3C H 2C H 3C H3三，翻译命名2-methylbutane 2-甲基丁烷3-ethyl-2-methylheptane 3-乙基-2-甲基庚烷 4-ethyl-2-methylhexane 2-甲基-4-乙基己烷4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane2,2-二甲基-4-乙基己烷5,5-bis(l,2-dimethylpropyl)nonane 5,5-二（1,2-二甲基丙基）壬烷2-hexyl-l,3-butadiene 2-己基-1,3-丁二烯 Benzyl 苄基（苯甲基） Phenyl 苯基 ethyl chloride 氯化乙基 2-fluoropropanemethanol 甲醇 ethanol 乙醇 1,2-ethanedioltrimethylamine 三甲胺 phenylmethanal ethanoyl chloride 四，翻译短句1. Acetylene (乙炔) is hydrocarbon especially high in heat value.乙炔烃特别是高热值2. It is common knowledge that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air.大家都知道，水中的物体比在空中更轻。

2012-2013学年化工专业英语试题答案一、Write the corresponding formula or molecular formula .( 15′)1、H—Cl2、Cl-O-Ca-O-Cl3、C6H64、C6H125、CH3CH2CH2CH＝CH2二、Put the following into English or Chinese.（ 30′）1.石油化学制品2. butane3. sodium carbonate4. 聚合作用5.ammonia6. 药物7. antioxidant 8. 聚四氟乙烯9.环己烷10.heavy distillate11.乙醇胺12. thermodynamics13.光谱学14. refinery15.多相的16. isothermal17.聚氧化亚甲基18. chloride19. ethanol 20. 聚氯乙烯三、complete the note below with words taken from the text above.(unit 3) Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.（ 30′）1.Mechanical2.electrical3.civil4.scale-upmercial-size6.reactors7.distillation columns8.pumps9.control and instrumentation10.mathematics11.industry12.academia13.steam14.cooling water15.nitrogen四、Put the following sentences underlined into Chinese.(10′)㈠单一的化工厂产量有从精细化工领域的每年几吨到肥料、石油领域的化工巨头的每年500，000吨。

第1页，共4页第2页，共4页任课教师签名：刘生桂 命题教师签名：刘生桂 系主任签名： 主管院长签名：湛江师范学院2010年－ 2011学年度第1学期期末考试试题(考试时间: 120 分钟)考试科目：化学专业英语一 词汇题 (20分)1 无机化学 Inorganic chemistry 11 结晶 crystal2 配位化学 coordination chemistry 12 室温 room temperature3 酸 acid 13 回流 reflux 4碱 alkali 14 克 gram5 氧气 oxygen gas 15 臭氧 ozon6 氮气 nitrogen gas 16 摘要 summary7 烧杯 beaker 17 结果 result8 试管 test tube 18 蒸发 evaporation9 酒精灯 spirit lamp 19 蒸馏 distillation 10 纯化 purification 20 甲烷 methane二 翻译题 （共60分）1 if you decide to go into agriculture, you will need to know about fertilizersandpesticides,as well as animal nutrition. Even if you enter some profession thatseems to have no connection with chemistry, such as law, you will find a knowledge of chemistry very wyers freguently have to deal with patents that concern chemical inventions.Some members of the U.S. Congress have had extensive chemical training,which gives them a great advantage in discussions of enviromental pollution, nuclear energy,the regulations of the Food and Drug Administration, and in other legislation that concerns scientific matters.如果你决定进入农业,你需要知道化肥和杀虫剂,以及动物营养。

2012—2013学年度第一学期应用化学专业《专业英语》课程试卷（A）考生务必将自己姓名、学号、专业名称写在指定位置；注意事项：1.密封线和装订线内不准答题。

2.题号一二三四总分分数评卷人选分（写出下列每个词汇对应的英一、词汇填空分）1分，共20汉单词）（共20小题，每空）（chemical property1、化学性质）（physical property 2、物理性质）solubility 3、溶解度（）density 4、密度（）、沸点（boiling point 5 ）、熔点（melting point 6 ）reaction 7、反应（inorganic）8、无机的（）、有机的（organic9 ）（c ompound 10、化合物）（alkane 11、烷烃）ethanol 、乙醇12 （）alkene 13、烯烃（）alkyne 14、炔烃（）（酯ester 15、）醚（、16ether）丙酮（17、acetone）甲醛（、18formaldehyde）（氨19、ammonia）苯（、20benzene10 二、给下列无机化合物的英语名称（共评卷人选分分）2分，共20小题, 每小题calcium oxide CaO 、1perchloric acidHClO、2 4copper sulfateCuSO、3 4sodium bromide NaBr 、4sodium chloride NaCl、5HNOnitric acid、6 3HNO nitrous acid 、7 2AlOaluminum oxide 、8 3 2KNOpotassium nitrate、9 3FeBr ferric bromide 、103三、给下列有机化合物的英语名称（共5小选分评卷人20分）, 每小题4分，共题 1.辛烷octane=CHCHCH321-butenebutanolethyl methyl etherH CO(CH)224hexanoic acid四、英译汉（共10小题, 每小题4分，共40分）评卷人选分The properties of substances are their characteristic qualities. The 1、physical properties are those properties of a substance that can beobserved without changing the substance into other substances.物质的性质是它们的特别品质。

化学化⼯专业英语长句完整版答案.doc化学化⼯专业英语答案第九章长句练习课后习题答案1, The two pairs of electrons of oxygen mav be shared with, one carbon alone forming a double bond,or with two separate carbons, or with one carbon and one hydrogen forming only single bonds.-译⽂：氧上的两对电⼦可与⼀个碳共⽤⽽形成双键，也可与两个不直接相连的碳原⼦共⽤形成单键，也可与⼀个碳原⼦和氢原⼦分别形成单键。

（相当于三个并列句，顺译法）?2, [Although] organic chemistry is more than 150 years old, its progresses faster than ever5[ as the result of newtheoretical concepts and experimental techniques fromother areas of science.]-译⽂：尽管有机化学的历史已超过150年，但由于其它领域内不断浦现出新的理论与实验技术，有机化学的发展速度⽐以往任何时候都要快。

（倒译法，把as引导的状语从句提前）3、The synthesis of organic compounds involves conversion of available substances of known structure,through a sequence of particular, controlled chemicalreactions, into other compounds bearing a desiredmolecular structure.译⽂对屈类物质的处理通常是将硝酸与硫酸按⼀定浓度 ?'-译⽂：有机化合物的合成是将已知结构的物质，通过特定的、可控制的化学反应，转化为含有⽬标分⼦结构的其它化合物。

化学专业英语课后练习题含答案题目：1.What is the molecular formula for acetic acid?2.What is the common name for sodium chloride?3.What is HNO3? What does it do?4.What is the chemical formula for ammonium nitrate?5.What is the difference between an organic and inorganiccompound?6.What is the difference between an acid and a base?答案：1.The molecular formula for acetic acid is C2H4O2.2.The common name for sodium chloride is table salt.3.HNO3 is nitric acid. It is a strong acid and is used in theproduction of fertilizers, explosives, and dyes.4.The chemical formula for ammonium nitrate is NH4NO3.5.An organic compound contns carbon atoms while inorganiccompounds do not.6.Acids release hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solutions whilebases release hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solutions. Acids have a pH less than 7 while bases have a pH greater than 7.解析：1.Acetic acid is a weak acid with a sweet smell and taste. Itsmolecular formula is C2H4O2 and it is also known as ethanoic acid.It is used in the manufacture of various chemicals, solvents,coatings, and plastics.2.Sodium chloride is an inorganic compound with the chemicalformula NaCl. It is commonly used as a seasoning and preservative for food. It is also used in the chemical industry for various purposes, such as the production of chlorine, sodium hydroxide, and soda ash.3.Nitric acid is a strong acid with the chemical formula HNO3.It is a highly corrosive and toxic liquid that is used in theproduction of fertilizers, explosives, and dyes. It also has other industrial and laboratory applications, such as the etching of metals and the synthesis of organic compounds.4.Ammonium nitrate is an inorganic compound with the chemicalformula NH4NO3. It is a common fertilizer that is used to supply nitrogen to plants. It is also used as an explosive in mining, quarrying, and construction.anic compounds are based on carbon atoms, while inorganiccompounds do not contn carbon atoms. Organic compounds can befound in living organisms and are usually covalently bonded.Inorganic compounds are often ionic or covalent and are found in non-living things, such as rocks and minerals.6.Acids are compounds that release hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solutions, while bases release hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solutions. Acids are characterized by a sour taste, and have a pH less than7. Bases are characterized by a bitter taste and slippery feel. They have a pH greater than 7. The pH scale is used to measure the acidity or basicity of a substance, with 7 being neutral.。

element：11. orbital electron：：2．In contrast to inorganic compounds, the molecularattraction of organiccompounds is weak, soorganic compounds areusually volatile andpossess low meltingpoints.3．Benzene can undergo the typical substitutionreactions ofhalogenation,nitration,sulphonation andFriedel-Craftsreaction. 4．Evaporation is conducted by vaporizing a portion ofthe solvent to produce aconcentrated solution orthick liquor.5．The presence of a substituent group inbenzene exerts aprofound control overboth orientation and theease of introduction ofthe enteringsubstituent.6．The functional group of a ketone consists of acarbon atom connected by adouble bond to an oxygenatom.7．At equilibrium, these two rate are equal; cupricion is still reactingwith ammonia moleculesto form the complex, andthe complex is stilldecomposing, but just asmuch cupric ammoniacomplex is beingdecomposed in unit timeas is being formed. 8．The reaction of an acid chloride with an amine isused commercially in themanufacture of the veryimportant range ofsemi-syntheticpenicilings,firstproduced by the BeechanGroup in 1959. 9．Thus satisfactory binding propertise are essentialfor trouble-freecompression and theproduction of goodquality cakes over longmanufacturing periods. 10．The synthesis of organic compounds involvesconversion ofavailable substancesof known structure,through a sequence ofparticular,controlled chemicalreactions, into othercompounds bearing adesired molecularstructure.The active ingredients were identified in the unsaponifiable fraction of this vegetable product. After solvent extraction and drying, the pure unsaponifiables are obtained in the form of a waxy solid. This waxy solid is then redissolved in untreated shea butter toincrease the unsaponifiable content and thus lead to the unsaponifiable shea butter concentrate. Used incosmetics at levels of up to 2%,it provides excellent protection against sunlight and skin dryness.Another example is the extract of the kola nut, known for its anti-irritant properties. As available in the market, it has an objectionable color and odor . At Estee Lauder, we analyzed and separated its constituents, identified the individual components with anti-irritantproperties, and recombined them in the most effective ratio. In the process , objectionable color and odor were removed and possible allergens 过敏原 eliminated. All this indicates that cosmetics formulated with plantextracts today can be more effective and , at the same time, more elegant than 10 or 20 years ago. 采用一种简单、可靠并且有效的气相色谱法,来同时测定草药鱼腥草和鱼腥草注射液中8种活性组分的含量;在研究的浓度范围内,发现鱼腥草中草药和注射液中8种活性组分的R 2的值高于,都有良好的线性行为,其日内和日间的精度都很高,其RSD 小于2%,且在三种不同浓度下获得的8种组分的平均回收率范围为%–%,RSD 为～%;该方法已成功应用于鱼腥草中草药和注射液的这8种活性成分的同时测定,包括不同厂家、不同批次生产注射液过程中的中间产物;这表明四、 Translate the following paragraph intoChinese本大题共1个小题,共25分五、 Translate the following paragraph intoEnglish 共15分本文提出的方法特别适合注射液的常规分析和在生产过程中的质量控制;。

化学化工专业英语部分练习参考答案P8.练习答案：（4）I-steel 工字钢；I-shaped I型材；n-region n区p-region p区；T-beam 丁字梁，T型梁P-N-junction P-N结；T-connecting 丁字接头，T形接法A.C.:alternating current 交流电D.C.:direct current 直流电P13.练习答案：一、注意名词单复数的译法1、这台设备已经用了许多年了。

2、空气是各种气体的混合物。

3、许多植物能利用二氧化碳中的氧。

4、带负电荷的机体所含电子数多于质子数。

5、其它蒸发材料（物质）和蒸发过程将简要地加以讨论。

6、这样的一些操作要求物质由气流传递到液体中去。

7、如果不饱和性归因于三键的存在，那么这些化合物都会被称为炔烃。

8、尚未试图在蒸发过程中将蒸汽分馏成各种馏分。

9、许多盐、酸和碱等化合物将被广泛应用于家庭、工业和医药实践中。

10、苯的同系物是那些苯环上含有单烷基（取代一个氢）或多烷基（取代多个氢）的物质。

11、当然，一旦酸失去质子，碱必然接受质子。

因此，酸和碱的反应就是一种质子转移的反应。

这种反应就是我们通常所知的中和反应。

12、这篇文章着重讨论一些原料和成品生产技术上最近的发展。

二、注意词义引申的译法1、叔醇非常难以氧化。

2、含1个到4个碳原子的正烷烃是气体。

3、通常,所有的金属都是良导体,其中银的传导性最好,其次是铜。

4.从两种或任意多种溶液中分离溶质都需要蒸馏的分馏技术。

三、注意词的增译及省译1、橡胶能阻止电流通过。

2、过去每到他轮班时就会给车床上油。

3、从这个意义上讲，结构分析普遍应用于大多数的有机研究。

4、过去在电子尚未被发现以前，人们就假定了不可见电流是从正极流向负极。

5、有人看见这些工人在修理发电机。

6、这些植物提取物的功效已经为早期人类所发现。

7、树木之所以幸存是因为其进化已经使它们成为了高度分隔的有机体。