新经典第二届翻译大赛译文原文

第二届中西部外语翻译大赛（陕西赛区）翻译原文评分姓名学校（院、系、班）手机中国已有5000年的文明发展史，中国文化是世界最古老的文化之一，而且是世界上唯一的长期延续没有中断的文化。

中国文化之所以具有如此强大的生命力，主要由其本身所固有的内在结构和基本素质所决定。

中国文化的结构是“多元一体”的，“多元”是指它早期由多种文化融合而成，后来又接纳了各少数民族文化，且对外来文化具有极强的包容性，从而形成了一种“多元”文化兼容并包的格局；“一体”指多元文化熔铸为一个整体，形成了有着共同的价值观念和鲜明特色的中华民族文化。

中国文化“多元一体”的结构造就了它自信宽容的素质，中国文化以我为主，不断吸收外来文化，在吐故纳新中获得了生命的活力。

面临当今世界的挑战，饱经风霜的中国文化从容应对，在自我改造和改造世界中展示自己的文化魅力，并永葆青春。

科学就是探求真理。

在探求真理的过程中，人们对客观规律的认识要经过艰苦曲折的过程。

常常有这样的情形：由于研究的角度不同，掌握资料的差异，认识方法的不同，就会出现“横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同”的情况，以至引起学术上的争论。

因此，有作为的科学工作者都把反对的意见看作对自己的莫大的帮助，把对自己的批评当作最珍贵的友谊。

正如歌德所说，“我们赞同的东西使我们处之泰然，我们反对的东西才使我们的思想获得丰产。

”这都是因为，赞同的意见未必正确，反对的意见未必错误。

退一步说，即使错误的反对意见，对自己的科学研究也是很有好处的。

科学研究的方法只是人类思维中必要的工作方式的表现，正是通过这种方式，人类对一切现象进行逻辑推理，并做出精确的解释。

科学家的思维活动与普通人的思维活动之间并无实质的区别，其区别有如面包师或者肉匠用普通磅秤称量他们的物品，而化学家则用天平和精确/细致分级的砝码来进行难度很大和复杂深入的分析一样。

并不是因为在前一种情况下的磅秤与后一种情况下的天平在构造原理或工作方式上有何不同，只是因为天平是更为精密的仪器，与磅秤比较起来，其称量结果自然要精确得多。

长路漫漫Peter Bergen 奥萨马.本拉登一直梦想成为一位著名的诗人。

他的文章倾向于病态的忧郁，而且在9.11事件后他所写的一首诗中竟预测到他将难逃一死。

他这样写道：“让我的坟墓成为雄鹰的肚皮里，其互雞鹰天空的气氛平静的地方。

”果然不出他所料，本拉登的坟墓就在阿拉伯海的边缘，他的身体也在他于巴基斯坦惨遭美国海军的毒手之后湮没于此。

如果真要用诗歌来叙述本拉登的事迹，那就是“正义之歌”。

这也正好照应了在9.11事件后的第二天，乔治.华盛顿布什在国会发表演讲时预言本拉登不会有好下场的话。

在这次非同寻常的情况下爆发的演讲中，布什断言本拉登和他的雅卡达基地组织最终将沦落为“历史上无标记的坟墓的被废弃的谎言”。

尽管本拉登的尸体可能已经于5月2号海葬，但本拉登主义的葬礼或许需要更长时间来打造。

事实上，它开始的当天就是本拉登最大的胜利。

咋一看，骇人听闻的“9.11”突袭是一群对美国这个超强大国恨之入骨的伊斯兰圣战主义者的乌合之众为雅卡达基地组织赢得的胜利。

但深入细究，我们发现，这远不能成为那种意义上的胜利，因为袭击华盛顿和纽约市并没有达到本拉登战略上的关键目标：他认为美国从中东地区撤军会导致那些支持美国在一些地区进行独裁政权的组织的瓦解。

相反，美国侵略并占领阿富汗，再到伊拉克。

雅卡达基地组织只是通过袭击美国的主要城市这种引人注目的疯狂报复行为，来显示他们已经失去了他们曾经拥有的阿拉伯人的基地-——塔利班统治的阿富汗。

从这种意义上讲，9.11事件只是一起和1941年12月7日早上发生在珍珠港的反抗日本帝国主义侵略的具有战略战术上的意义上胜利的运动事件，没什么差别的突袭。

一些比较狡猾的本拉登圈内人士曾在9.11事件发生之前警告过他说，与美国对抗，后果不堪设想。

并且，塔利班倒台后，与美国军队重建的塔利班的雅卡达基地组织内部的备忘录也写着，本拉登的一些追随者充分意识到突袭美国是荒唐之举。

2002年，一个雅卡达基地组织写信给内部人，说：“悔过吧，我的兄长，在短短的六个月里，我们已经失去了这么多年来所创造的一切。

翻译竞赛汉译英参赛原文直挂云帆济沧海——海上丝绸之路特展中华民族的航海足迹，渊源悠久。

早在新石器时代，东南沿海的先民们就使用简单的航海工具，以坚韧的意志和开阔的胸襟不断探索未知领域，开辟着最早的海上航路。

汉武帝拓展八方之交流，在徐闻、合浦等地发舶远洋、通使互贸，也使中国作为东方大国的魅力更彰显于世界舞台。

历经两晋隋唐的发展，至宋元时期海外贸易达到鼎盛，广州、泉州、明州等国际性大港见证着当时帆樯鳞集的盛景。

明初，郑和下西洋创造了帆船时代航海的空前壮举。

此后，随着风起云涌的时代变迁，东西方文明不断交流与碰撞，中华民族开创的古代海上丝绸之路渐入尾声，新的全球化贸易体系开始形成并预示着新的机遇与挑战。

海上丝绸之路是古代东西方通过海路，以商贸为依托，承载文化、艺术交流的和平之路。

它以其深远的意义、广博的内涵，对世界文明的进程产生了巨大推动和影响。

本次展览荟萃沿海各省重要海丝遗存，不但折射出中国历代的流光风韵，再现波澜壮阔、横跨万里的航海图景，也在今天全球化视野下，进一步探索了古代东西方贸易和文化交流的深刻意义，有助于唤醒古老的海洋记忆，推动中华民族复兴的伟大进程。

中国与世界其他文明间的交流，很早便点燃跨越传递的火炬，而陆路和海路交通是其间最重要的渠道。

1877年普鲁士学者李希霍芬（Fendinand Von Richithofen）将陆路称为“丝绸之路”，与此相对应，又出现了“海上丝绸之路”的名称。

目前，海上丝绸之路已成为庞大的学术概念，涵盖海外交通、航海科技、宗教、民俗、中外陶瓷、城市发展、区域经济等众多课题。

古老的海路绵延东亚、东南亚、南亚、西亚至非洲东部，越两大洋经红海进入欧洲，串连起沿途星罗棋布的港口。

来自中国、印度、阿拉伯、埃及、罗马、希腊等民族的古代商人都曾通过转运或直航，致力于海上商道的开拓。

由于航路上往来着陶瓷、丝绸、茶叶、香料等诸多商品，又被称为“陶瓷之路”、“香料之路”、“茶叶之路”、“白银之路”等。

第二届荣鼎杯全国青年日语翻译口译大赛原文第二届荣鼎杯全国青年日语翻译口译大赛原文所谓环境，是围着我们人类，拥有与我们人类相互作用和相互影响的周围世界，即由人文环境，人造环境和自然环境共同组成的综合环境。

广辞源解释说，所谓环境：①围绕的区域；②四周的外界，周围的情况。

宫内泰介说，即便目睹大自然森林，也多以某种形式经过人类加工过的形态。

并且，即便完全是人类加工过的田地，从生物多元性来看，也多散发着珍贵大自然的气息。

深入思考自然与人之间的关系，其结果告知我们，关键还是在于人与人之间的关系。

特别是库孟孜的观点：居住地的居民，以各种形式伴随着大自然从过去一直走到今天。

同样，井口博贵说，凡是执拗于环境只为人类服务，那么人类与大自然的关系就会疏远开去。

从这个意义说，人或者企业法人的意识和行为的方式影响着周围的环境。

倘若人或者企业法人的意识和行为方式善待环境，那么，人文环境﹑人造环境以及自然环境就会朝着可持续发展的良性方向发展。

问题是，企业法人的发展导致祖先留下的传统文化走向灭亡，架构起没有企业便一事无成的社会构造。

再者，企业法人热衷于自己企业利益，损害大自然，并且无视废水﹑废气和废弃物对环境构成的破坏性。

从现象看，受害者是环境，但实质上，环境是企业赖以生存的基盘。

例如，企业破坏环境的结果，不得不吞下政府发出的生产停止令﹑接受根据公害病判决的刑罚和赔偿等直至破产倒闭的恶果。

可见，企业正在受到“三废（废水，废气，废弃物）”的无声侵蚀。

近年来，出现了二氧化碳﹑氟利昂等造成的地球趋暖化，出现了尾气排放形成的大气污染，出现了沙漠化扩大和地盘下沉，出现了废弃物的非法扔弃﹑填埋场污水和工厂废水带来的河水与海水严重污染，还出现了由焚烧造成的二次污染等不忍目睹的现象。

因此，研究如何改善上述动摇人类生存基盘的环境问题和制定对策则成了燃眉之急。

也许，应该从战略高度根本解决日益严峻的环境问题之角度出发，以环境法和环境道德为基准，例如，也许应该把构筑回收再生利用体系﹑构筑环境教育体系﹑构筑申领ISO认证体系作为最优先考虑的课题吧？！中国的上海城，被称之为国际大都市，也被称之为世界最大工厂集结地。

第二届许渊冲翻译大赛英译汉原文A Contract in the Context of Semiotics[1] A contract, basically, is an agreement between two (or more) persons, creating mutual legal obligations between them. In its essence, it is a legally and morally binding promise to do something or refrain from doing something. The “something” is called the subject matter of the contract, which must be legal. It is illegal to contract against good morals or national security, for example.[2] There is no set (verbal) formula to enter into a contract. Written contracts are as a rule supposed to set out what the parties actually intend, while the intent of orally-made and other informal agreements is, from a legal standpoint, not definitely fixed. Interpretation may there be necessary in order to clarify parties’ intentions. It is the task of the trial judge to make the implicit explicit by inference from the evidence available to him or her (the written and/or oral agreement corroborated by conduct by parties).[3] The consensual basis of contract, its first formal requirement, implies that parties (called promisor and promise) agree voluntarily and in good faith to enter into a common enterprise involving future actions, thereby yielding some portion of their freedom of behavior in the future. The will of parties is, in law, considered to be manifested in the fact that, to the effect of the contract a definite offer or proposal from one party has been consciously and willingly accepted, without new terms, by the other party. An offer not clearly and explicitly put forth and/or not freely and knowingly accepted makes no contract, --- or better, it makes a defective contract. Thus, if A asks B to promise some future performance, and B makes no answer indicating his (present) willingness to do so at some (future) time, B has made no promise.[4] To qualify as a valid and legally binding contract, there must be mutuality, or exchange of promises. Under a contract, one party undertakes an obligation, thereby giving the other, to whom the obligation is owed, a claim against him, her, or itself, which consists in the right to have a performance of the terms of the contract. By this token, parties do not share benefits and burdens, but each party has his, her, or its definite privileges and responsibilities arising from the contract.[5] Contracting parties must further be competent, that is, they must have the proper legal capacity to enter into a contractual agreement. As a case in point, a contract entered into by a minor (or a mentally disabled person) is a defective, hence voidable, transaction. It is not void, and therefore still creates legally binding obligations on a competent party, unless the minor (or mentally disabled person) repudiates it. This may happen in person or through a guardian acting on his or her behalf.[6] However, a contract is not binding, and therefore void (and not merely voidable), if it is lacking what is called, in legal jargon, “consideration”. A bare and gratuitous promise is generally insufficient ground to create, for the one party, an enforceable duty to deliver any (material or immaterial) goods, not for the other, to take and pay for them. The obligation resting upon each party only exists “in consideration of” the act or promise of the other, --- meaning that neither is bound unless both are bound. Consideration is, in the Anglo-American legal system (the so-called common law), the essence and backbone of legal contract. It is alsoknown as the quid pro quo(“what for what”, “something for something”) mentioned in the title of this Chapter because of the analogy to the scholastic aliquid stat pro aliquo, which exemplifies the semiotic sign relation and is (like quid pro quo) rooted in equivalence. Quid pro quo indicates that something must be given in return for the promise; that there must be some bargain; that a responsibility incurred by the one party must be matched by a corresponding benefit gained by the other. Consideration pits the promise to give (often, to pay) against the promise to do, thereby highlighting the thing of value each party agrees to give in exchange for what he or she receives by the bargain. This thing of value, or consideration, is the reason for which the contract is made.[7] Semiotics being, essentially, the study of how verbal and nonverbal messages are created, sent, received, understood, interpreted, and otherwise used, it is clearly the case that contract is a semiotic problem. Here we must distinguish a contract as a written document from contract as a communicative act or event. Though different, both are facts of law and both are semiotic signs.[8] The written document, or contract form, is an object which is a sign because of the verbal signs (signs of Thirdness) it is codified in. when filled out and signed, it serves as a genuine Third, or sign of law. In accordance with Peirce’s classification of signs, it must be characterized as a symbolic sign strongly tinged with indexicality. More specifically, it is proposition, or dicent symbolic legisign which on being signed by parties (and, if necessary,co-signed by one or more witnesses, an attorney, and/or notary public) will acquire the statusof an argument, or argumentative symbolic legisign. The mixed, symbolic - indexical nature of the contract is signified in the appearance of the formal, written contract but can also be recognized (though perhaps in a less explicit form) in informal contracts –- agreements, that is, which may result from an exchange or letters or even from casual acts.。

2023catti杯翻译原文【原创实用版】目录1.2023catti 杯翻译原文概述2.2023catti 杯翻译原文的具体内容3.2023catti 杯翻译原文的难度与挑战4.2023catti 杯翻译原文的意义与价值5.总结正文【2023catti 杯翻译原文概述】2023catti 杯翻译原文，即 2023 年全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试CATTI 杯翻译大赛的原文，这是一场每年一度的翻译界盛事。

CATTI 杯翻译大赛旨在选拔优秀的翻译人才，促进我国翻译事业的发展。

本文将对2023catti 杯翻译原文进行概述，分析其具体内容、难度与挑战以及意义与价值。

【2023catti 杯翻译原文的具体内容】2023catti 杯翻译原文分为英汉和汉英两个方向，涵盖了政治、经济、文化、科技等多个领域。

原文内容既包括国内外重要政治文件、领导人讲话，也有国际组织、外国媒体的报道，以及涉及我国文化、历史、社会现象的文章。

这种多元化的内容设置，旨在检验参赛选手的翻译能力和综合素质。

【2023catti 杯翻译原文的难度与挑战】2023catti 杯翻译原文具有一定的难度和挑战。

首先，原文涉及的领域广泛，要求参赛选手具备扎实的双语基本功和广泛的知识储备。

其次，部分原文表述较为复杂，句式多样，对选手的翻译技巧提出了较高要求。

最后，大赛对选手的翻译速度也有一定要求，需要在规定时间内完成翻译任务。

【2023catti 杯翻译原文的意义与价值】2023catti 杯翻译原文对于参赛选手来说，具有重要的意义和价值。

首先，参加翻译大赛可以检验自己的翻译水平，为今后的翻译工作打下坚实基础。

其次，通过比赛，选手可以学习到其他优秀选手的翻译方法和技巧，提高自己的翻译能力。

最后，对于成绩优异的选手，还有机会获得丰厚的奖品和荣誉证书，为个人简历增色。

【总结】2023catti 杯翻译原文不仅为参赛选手提供了一个展示自己翻译水平的平台，也为我国翻译事业选拔了一批优秀的翻译人才。

Chapter OnePredatorsHer body moved with the frankness that comes from solitary habits. But solitude is only a human presumption. Every quiet step is thunder to beetle life underfoot; every choice is a world made new for the chosen. All secrets are witnessed.If someone in this forest had been watching her - a man with a gun, for instance, hiding inside a copse of leafy beech trees - he would have noticed how quickly she moved up the path and how direly she scowled at the ground ahead of her feet. He would have judged her an angry woman on the trail of something hateful.He would have been wrong. She was frustrated, it's true, to be following tracks in the mud she couldn't identify. She was used to being sure. But if she'd troubled to inspect her own mind on this humid, sunlit morning, she would have declared herself happy. She loved the air after a hard rain, and the way a forest of dripping leaves fills itself with a sibilant percussion that empties your head of words. Her body was free to follow its own rules: a long-legged gait too fast for companionship, unself-conscious squats in the path where she needed to touch broken foliage, a braid of hair nearly as thick as her forearm falling over her shoulder to sweep the ground whenever she bent down. Her limbs rejoiced to be outdoors again, out of her tiny cabin whose log walls had grown furry and overbearing during the long spring rains. The frown was pure concentration, nothing more. Two years alone had given her a blind person's indifference to the look on her own face.All morning the animal trail had led her uphill, ascending the mountain, skirting a rhododendron slick, and now climbing into an old-growth forest whose steepness had spared it from ever being logged. But even here, where a good oak- hickory canopy sheltered the ridge top, last night's rain had pounded through hard enough to obscure the tracks. She knew the animal's size from the path it had left through the glossy undergrowth of mayapples, and that was enough to speed up her heart. It could be what she'd been looking for these two years and more. This lifetime. But to know for sure she needed details, especially the faint claw mark beyond the toe pad that distinguishes canid from feline. That would be the first thing to vanish in a hard rain, so it wasn't going to appear to her now, however hard she looked. Now it would take more than tracks, and on this sweet, damp morning at the beginning of the world, that was fine with her. She could be a patient tracker. Eventually the animal would give itself away with a mound of scat (which might have dissolved in the rain, too) or something else, some sign particular to its species. A bear will leave claw marks on trees and even bite the bark sometimes, though this was no bear. It was the size of a German shepherd, but no house pet, either. The dog that had laid this trail, if dog it was, would have to be a wild and hungry one to be out in such a rain.She found a spot where it had circled a chestnut stump, probably for scent marking. She studied the stump: an old giant, raggedly rotting its way backward into the ground since its death by ax or blight. Toadstools dotted the humus at its base, tiny ones, brilliant orange, with delicately ridged caps like open parasols. The downpour would have obliterated such fragile things; these must have popped up in the few hours since the rain stopped - after the animal was here, then. Inspired by its ammonia. She studied the ground for a long time, unconscious of the elegant length of her nose and chin in profile, unaware of her left hand moving near her face to disperse a cloud ofgnats and push stray hair out of her eyes. She squatted, steadied herself by placing her fingertips in the moss at the foot of the stump, and pressed her face to the musky old wood. Inhaled. "Cat," she said softly, to nobody. Not what she'd hoped for, but a good surprise to find evidence of a territorial bobcat on this ridge. The mix of forests and wetlands in these mountains could be excellent core habitat for cats, but she knew they mostly kept to the limestone river cliffs along the Virginia-Kentucky border. And yet here one was. It explained the cries she'd heard two nights ago, icy shrieks in the rain, like a woman's screaming. She'd been sure it was a bobcat but still lost sleep over it. No human could fail to be moved by such human-sounding anguish. Remembering it now gave her a shiver as she balanced her weight on her toes and pushed herself back upright to her feet.And there he stood, looking straight at her. He was dressed in boots and camouflage and carried a pack larger than hers. His rifle was no joke - a thirty-thirty, it looked like. Surprise must have stormed all over her face before she thought to arrange it for human inspection. It happened, that she ran into hunters up here. But she always saw them first. This one had stolen her advantage - he'd seen inside her. "Eddie Bondo," is what he'd said, touching his hat brim, though it took her a moment to work this out."What?""That's my name.""Good Lord," she said, able to breathe out finally. "I didn't ask your name.""You needed to know it, though."Cocky, she thought. Or cocked, rather. Like a rifle, ready to go off. "What would I need your name for? You fixing to give me a story I'll want to tell later?" she asked quietly. It was a tactic learned from her father, and the way of mountain people in general---to be quiet when most agitated."That I can't say. But I won't bite." He grinned----apologetically, it seemed. He was very much younger than she. His left hand reached up to his shoulder, fingertips just brushing the barrel of the rifle strapped to his shoulder. "And I don't shoot girls.""Well. Wonderful news."Bite, he'd said, with the northerner's clipped i. An outsider, intruding on this place like kudzu vines. He was not very tall but deeply muscular in the way that shows up through a man's clothing, in his wrists and neck and posture: a build so accustomed to work that it seems tensed even when at ease. He said, "You sniff stumps, I see.""I do.""You got a good reason for that?""Yep.""You going to tell me what it its?""Nope."Another pause. She watched his hands, but what pulled on her was the dark green glint of his eyes. He observed her acutely, seeming to evaluate her hill-inflected vowels for the secrets behind her "yep" and "nope." His grin turned down on the corners instead of up, asking a curved parenthetical question above his right-angled chin. She could not remember a more compelling combination of features on any man she'd ever seen.。

第二届英语世界杯翻译大赛原文His First Day as Quarry-BoyBy Hugh Miller (1802～1856)It was twenty years last February since I set out, a little before sunrise, to make my first acquaintance with a life of labour and restraint; and I have rarely had a heavier heart than on that morning. I was but a slim, loose-jointed boy at the time, fond of the pretty intangibilities of romance, and of dreaming when broad awake; and, woful change! I was now going to work at what Burns has instanced, in his ‘Twa Dogs’, as one of the most disagreeabl e of all employments,—to work in a quarry. Bating the passing uneasinesses occasioned by a few gloomy anticipations, the portion of my life which had already gone by had been happy beyond the common lot. I had been a wanderer among rocks and woods, a reader of curious books when I could get them, a gleaner of old traditionary stories; and now I was going to exchange all my day-dreams, and all my amusements, for the kind of life in which men toil every day that they may be enabled to eat, and eat every day that they may be enabled to toil!The quarry in which I wrought lay on the southern shore of a noble inland bay, or frith rather, with a little clear stream on the one side, and a thick fir wood on the other. It had been opened in the Old Red Sandstone of the district, and was overtopped by a huge bank of diluvial clay, which rose over it in some places to the height of nearly thirty feet, and which at this time was rent and shivered, wherever it presented an open front to the weather, by a recent frost. A heap of loose fragments, which had fallen from above, blocked up the face of the quarry and my firstemployment was to clear them away. The friction of the shovel soon blistered my hands, but the pain was by no means very severe, and I wrought hard and willingly, that I might see how the huge strata below, which presented so firm and unbroken a frontage, were to be torn up and removed. Picks, and wedges, and levers, were applied by my brother-workmen; and, simple and rude as I had been accustomed to regard these implements, I found I had much to learn in the way of using them. They all proved inefficient, however, and the workmen had to bore into one of the inferior strata, and employ gunpowder. The process was new to me, and I deemed it a highly amusing one: it had the merit, too, of being attended with some such degree of danger as a boating or rock excursion, and had thus an interest independent of its novelty. We had a few capital shots: the fragments flew in every direction; and an immense mass of the diluvium came toppling down, bearing with it two dead birds, that in a recent storm had crept into one of the deeper fissures, to die in the shelter. I felt a new interest in examining them. The one was a pretty cock goldfinch, with its hood of vermilion and its wings inlaid with the gold to which it owes its name, as unsoiled and smooth as if it had been preserved for a museum. The other, a somewhat rarer bird, of the woodpecker tribe, was variegated with light blue and a grayish yellow. I was engaged in admiring the poor little things, more disposed to be sentimental, perhaps, than if I had been ten years older, and thinking of the contrast between the warmth and jollity of their green summer haunts, and the cold and darkness of their last retreat, when I heard our employer bidding the workmen lay by their tools. I looked up and saw the sun sinking behind the thick fir wood beside us, and the long dark shadows of the trees stretchingdownward towards the shore.—Old Red Sandstone（文章选自THE OXFORD BOOK OF ENGLISH PROSE, 658-660, Oxford University Press, London, first published 1925，reprinted 1958.）。

喜客园我不知道她怎么样了，也从不知道她的名字。

然而，从她打理了几十年的花园里，那对花园包含深深的爱使我认识了她。

她住在我房子两英里处--两层简单的四方形建筑，房子屋顶陡斜，沿线未加装饰，是典型的19世纪中期的泽西岛海岸附近的房屋建筑类型。

她的花园也异常简单。

她不是传统的园艺家，不会一味遵从书籍的权威，也不会仅仅采纳一般的建议去改变她的植物。

因而，从春天里的第一朵番红花到秋日里最后一朵菊花，她的花园总有兴盛之气。

她不崇尚所谓的世俗法则--认为长得高的植物属于最后边，矮的在最前排，而中等的在中间，而因戏剧性特点的特殊情况例外。

她的花园中，所有植物都有其自身特点，所有植物都是高的，迹象表明，她只钟情于三种花：玫瑰、钱线莲和百合。

三者的混合营造出使人愉悦的氛围，然而，这并非其刻意设计的。

她种了12种钱线莲，总计大概50株，她将其系起来培养方便钱线莲爬上金属棒，整个夏天，丰富圆状的暗紫色、深红色、淡紫色、青蓝色和亮白色的大花群将每根棒子顶端间歇似的包裹着。

她对玫瑰的品味是保守的。

视线中，她的花园中没有单独的茶香玫瑰与花束月季的现代混搭。

相反，她更青睐于其他时代的玫瑰--多种类别的都铎玫瑰、西洋玫瑰、大马士革玫瑰。

她直接在园地中把刺剪去，并用倒置的加仑水壶保护那些玫瑰。

在我看来，她最爱的是百合。

当你不经意站在木制的地板上时，可以看到花坛中种植着厚厚的深绿色的百合籽苗，除了白百合，其他的都叫不出名来。

平常，会有记录十字和日期的的装饰纸从种子的顶部飘落下来。

一切表明，她是一个混合爱好者，喜欢将温暖的百合甜瓜影和暗淡的柠檬黄混合在一起。

她以分享花园为信仰。

她房子的路边立着一块标牌，上面写着“这是我的花园，欢迎您的观赏。

你可以带走期待看到的所有记忆，但请勿持物离开。

”她花园的完美呈现一直持续到五年前，草地的施肥、打理，花坛种子的自由生长，细心为百合的成长系的桩。

然而，不久出现了状况。

我不清楚到底发生了什么，草地很少打理，甚至无人打理。

第二节参考消息翻译大赛译文（精选多篇）第一篇：第二节参考消息翻译大赛译文A Long Time GoingPeter BergenOsama bin Laden long fancied himself something of a poet.His compositions tended to the morbid, and a poem written two years after 9/11 in which he contemplated the circumstances of his death was no exception.Bin Laden wrote, “Let my grave be an eagle’s belly, its resting place in the sky’s atmosphere amongst perched eagles.”As it turns out, bin Laden’s grave is somew here at the bottom of the Arabian Sea, to which his body was consigned after his death in Pakistan at the hands of U.S.Navy SEALs.If there is poetry in bin Laden’s end, it is the poetry of justice, and it calls to mind what President George W.Bush had predicted would happen in a speech he gave to Congress just nine days after 9/11.In an uncharacteristic burst of eloquence, Bush asserted that bin Laden and al-Qaeda would eventually be consigned to “history’s unmarked grave of discarded lies.”Though bin Lade n’s body may have been buried at sea on May 2, the burial of bin Ladenism has been a decade in the making.Indeed, it began on the very day of bin Laden’s greatest triumph.At first glance, the 9/11 assault looked like a stunning win for al-Qaeda, a ragtag band of jihadists who had bloodied the nose of the world’s only superpower.But on closer look it became something far less significant, because the attacks on Washington and New York City did not achieve bin Laden’s key strategic goal: the withdrawal of the U.S.from the Middle East, which he imagined would lead to the collapse of all theAmerican-backed authoritarian regimes in the region.Instead, the opposite happened: the U.S.invaded and occupied first Afghanistan and then Iraq.By attacking the American mainland and inviting reprisal, al-Qaeda —which means “the base” in Arabic —lost the best base it had ever had: Taliban-ruled Afghanistan.In this sense, 9/11 was similar to another surprise attack, that on Pearl Harbor on the morning of Dec.7, 1941, a stunning tactical victory that set in motion events that would end in the defeat of imperial Japan.Shrewder members of bin Laden’s inner circle had warned him before 9/11 that antagonizing the U.S.would be counterproductive, and internal al-Qaeda memos written after the fall of the Taliban and later recovered by the itary show that some of bin Laden’s followers fully understood the folly of the attacks.In 2002 an al-Qaeda insider wrote to another, saying, “Regrettably, my brother...during just six months, we lost what we built in years.”The responsibility for that act of hubris lies squarely with bin Laden: despite his reputation for shyness and diffidence, he ran al-Qaeda as a dictatorship.His son Omar recalls that the men who worked for his father had a habit of requesting permission before they spoke with their leader, saying, “Dear prince, may I speak?” Joining al-Qaeda meant taking a personal religious oath of allegiance to bin Laden, just as joining the Nazi Party had required swearing personal feal ty to the Führer.So bin Laden’s group became just as much a hostage to its leader’s flawed strategic vision as the Nazis were to Hitler’s.The key to understanding this vision and all of bin Laden’s actions was his utter conviction that he was an instrument of God’s will.In short, he was a religious zealot.That zealotry first revealed itself when he was a teenager.Khaled Batarfi, a soccer-playing buddy of binLaden’s on the streets of Jidda, Saudi Arabia, where they both grew up, remembers his solemn friend praying seven times a day(two more than mandated by Islamic convention)and fasting twice a week in imitation of the Prophet Muhammad.For entertainment, bin Laden would assemble a group of friends at his house to chant songs about the liberation of Palestine.Bin Laden’s religious zeal was colored by the fact that his family had made its vast fortune as the principal contractor renovating the holy sites of Mecca and Medina, which gave him a direct connection to Islam’s holiest places.In his early 20s, bin Lad en worked in the family business;he was a priggish young man who was also studying economics at a university.His destiny would change with the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in late 1979.The Afghan war prompted the billionaire’s son to launch an ambitious plan to confront the Soviets with a small group of Arabs under his command.That group eventually provided the nucleus of al-Qaeda, which bin Laden founded in 1988 as the war against the Soviets began to wind down.The purpose of al-Qaeda was to take jihad to other parts of the globe and eventually to the U.S., the nation he believed was leading a Western conspiracy to destroy true Islam.In the 1990s bin Laden would often describe America as “the head of the snake.”Jamal Khalifa, his best friend at the university in Jidda and later also his brother-in-law, told me bin Laden was driven not only by a desire to implement what he saw as God’s will but also by a fear of divine punishment if he failed to do so.So not defending Islam from what he came to believe was its most important enemy would be disobeying God, something he would never do.In 1997, when I was a producer for CNN, I met with bin Laden in eastern Afghanistan to film his first televisioninterview.He struck me as intelligent and well informed, someone who comported himself more like a cleric than like the revolutionary he was quickly becoming.His followers treated bin Laden with great deference, referring to him as “the sheik,” and hung on his every pronouncement.During the course of that interview, bin Laden laid out his rationale for his plan to attack the U.S., whose support for Israel and the regimes in Saudi Arabia and Egypt made it, in his mind, the enemy of Islam.Bin Laden also explained that the U.S.was as weak as the Soviet Union had been, and he cited the American withdrawal from Vietnam in the 1970s as evidence for this view.He poured scorn on the notion that the U.S.thought of itself as a superpower “even after all these successive defeats.”That would turn out to be a dangerous delusion, which would culminate in bin Laden’s death at the hands of the same U.S.soldiers he had long disparaged as weaklings.Now that he is gone, there will inevitably be some jockeying to succeed him.A U.S.counterterrorism official told me that there was “no success ion plan in place” to replace bin Laden.While the Egyptian Ayman al-Zawahiri had long been his deputy, he is not the natural, charismatic leader that bin Laden was.U.S.officials believe that al-Zawahiri is not popular with his colleagues, and they hope there will be disharmony and discord as the militants sort out the succession.As they do so, the jihadists will be mindful that their world has passed them by.The al-Qaeda leadership, its foot soldiers and its ideology played no role in the series of protests and revolts that have rolled across the Middle East and North Africa, from Tunisia to Egypt and then on to Bahrain, Yemen and Libya.Bin Laden must have watched these events unfold with a mixture of excitement and deepworry.Overthrowing the dictatorships and monarchies of the Middle East was long his central goal, but the Arab revolutions were not the kind he had envisioned.Protesters in the streets of Tunis and Cairo didn’t carry placards with pictures of bin Laden’s face, and the Facebook revolutionaries who launched the uprisings represent everything al-Qaeda hates: they are secular, liberal and antiauthoritarian, and their ranks include women.The eventual outcome of these revolts will not be to al-Qaeda’s satisfaction either, because almost no one in th e streets of Egypt, Libya or Yemen is clamoring for the imposition of a Taliban-style theocracy, al-Qaeda’s preferred end for the states in the region.Between the Arab Spring and the death of bin Laden, it is hard to imagine greater blows to al-Qaeda’s ide ology and organization.President Obama has characterized al-Qaeda and its affiliates as “small men on the wrong side of history.” For al-Qaeda, that history just sped up, as bin Laden’s body floated down into the ocean deeps and its proper place in the unmarked grave of discarded lies.恐怖逝去彼得于卑尔根奥萨马·本·拉登一直以来都把自己幻想成某位诗人或者什么的。

①失落的乡村：现代化之树也有苦果现代化给人们带来了很多的便利，改进了人们的福利，尤其是在城市，在东南沿海，现代科学技术对人们生活的影响之深，无论怎样形容都是不过分的。

在内地山村，人们的知识文化水平没有跟上科学技术进步的节奏，在适应现代化的过程中，难免进退失据，在村子里，我们看到现代化对他们的很多负面影响，小小一个村子，就尝遍了现代化的很多苦果。

②垃圾处理难。

随着大量的塑料产品、玻璃产品等的出现，以往那种自然循环的生活垃圾方式，已经难以奏效了，在循环过程中，出现了很多无法消解的多余之物。

如大量洗洁剂、洗衣粉等，水直接排入自然环境，各种农药瓶、酒瓶、饮料瓶，连同其它一些无法自然分解的东西，都扔到自然环境中去，在家家户户的周围不远处，都有相对集中丢弃这些东西的地方，但在山区，地势有高低，这个丢弃地，可能就是其他人家的水源地，影响之大，显而易见。

③交通事故频发。

因为是山区的村子，地势坡度大，而马路又是村民自己设计，自己动手修建的简易马路，路面差，弯度急，加上在农村跑的，大都是些三轮摩托车，经过随意的改装，也就开始既当货车，又当客车，驾驶者又无资格限定，谁高兴都可以买一个上路跑。

在这么一个小小的村子里，五年之内，发生交通事故无数。

过去的肩挑背扛，固然是难以适应需要了，但机械给人带来方便的时候，附加这样高的风险，并且让农民自己承担，对村子的伤害是很大的。

④传统手艺的消失。

农村过去在应付物质匮乏的过程中，积累了很多的技艺，这些技艺既是对物质的极大节约，又塑造了大量生活中的艺术品。

但在工业产品充斥的时代，这些都不存在了，或者至少是濒临消失。

过去精巧的竹篾器具，古朴实用的石磨、不用任何铁钉胶水的桌椅，别致的蓑衣、斗笠，等等，都渐渐被一些县城周围的所谓农庄搜集去了，为的是给食客们看一看，意思是已经进入博物馆了。

取而代之的，一律都是粗糙的、无法自然化解的铁质、塑料制品，甚至很多家庭的餐桌，直接以一块大的地面砖作为桌面，取其光滑易擦。

附件3翻译竞赛中译英参赛原文一、向美好的旧日时光道歉美好的旧日时光，渐行渐远。

在我的稿纸上，它们是代表怅惘的省略的句点；在我的书架上，它们是那本装帧精美，却蒙了尘灰的诗集；在我的抽屉里，它们是那张每个人都在微笑的合影；在我的梦里，它们是我梦中喊出的一个个名字；在我的口袋里，它们是一句句最贴心的劝语忠言……现在，我坐在深秋的藤椅里，它们就是纷纷坠落的叶子。

我尽可能接住那些叶子，不想让时光把它们摔疼了。

这是我向它们道歉的唯一方式。

向纷纷远去的友人道歉，我不知道一封信应该怎样开头，怎样结尾。

更不知道，字里行间，应该迈着怎样的步子。

向得而复失的一颗颗心道歉。

我没有珍惜你们，唯有期盼，上天眷顾我，让那一颗颗真诚的心，失而复得。

向那些正在远去的老手艺道歉，我没能看过一场真正的皮影戏，没能找一个老木匠做一个碗柜，没能找老裁缝做一个袍子，没能找一个“剃头担子”剃一次头……向美好的旧日时光道歉，因为我甚至没有时间怀念，连梦都被挤占了。

琐碎这样一个词仿佛让我看到这样一个老人，在异国他乡某个城市的下午，凝视着广场上淡然行走的白鸽，前生往事的一点一滴慢慢涌上心来：委屈、甜蜜、心酸、光荣……所有的所有在眼前就是一些琐碎的忧郁，却又透着香气。

其实生活中有很多让人愉悦的东西，它们就是那些散落在角落里的不起眼的碎片，那些暗香，需要唤醒，需要传递。

就像两个人的幸福，可以很小，小到只是静静地坐在一起感受对方的气息；小到跟在他的身后踩着他的脚印一步步走下去；小到用她准备画图的硬币去猜正反面；小到一起坐在路边猜下一个走这条路的会是男的还是女的……幸福的滋味，就像做饭一样，有咸，有甜，有苦，有辣，口味多多，只有自己体味得到。

但人性中也往往有这样的弱点：回忆是一个很奇怪的筛子，它留下的总是自己的好和别人的坏。

所以免不了心浮气躁，以至于总想从镜子里看到自己十年后的模样。

现在，十年后的自己又开始怀想十年前的模样了，因为在鬓角，看见了零星的雪。

大赛原文一：The central figure in the story, the satanic Dr Mallako, lives in Mortlake, where he wreaks havoc on the lives of his respectable suburban neighbors by encouraging them to develop to the full the less respectable sides of their nature: the destructive jealousies, hatreds and ambitions, which previously they have kept hidden and unexpressed and the existence of which they have denied even to themselves. The nameless narrator of the story is a scientist, who, seeing what has become of his neighbors under the influence of Dr Mallako, tries to resist the strange urge he himself has to become one of the doctor’s clients. In an effort to shake off what he feels to be an insane and dangerous obsession with Dr Mallako, he plunges himself feverishly into “a very abstruse scientific investigation”. But it is no good. Driven underground, the urge yet remains, and the doctor appears to him in his nightmares: “Each night I would wake in a cold sweat, hearing the ghostlyvoice saying ‘COME!’”From talking to his neighbors, the narrator realizes that the doctor’s power lies in his ability to read “secret thoughts” and to bring them out into the open, “like monsters of the deep emerging from their dark caves to bring horror to the crews of whalers”. The realization is a challenge to his hitherto optimistic view of human nature, and he begins to despair at the thought that all people, even the most conventional and respectable, have a dark side; that each and every one of them has some nasty secret about themselves that they keep hidden. Reflecting on this, he becomes “increasingly filled with a general detestation of mankind”. Dr Mallako, he realizes, is not a uniquely evil person, but simply the catalyst for the evil that lies within all of us:…in his malignant min d, in his cold destructive intellect, are concentrated in quintessential form all the baseness, all the cruelty, all the helpless rage of feeble menaspiring to be Titans…in many who are timidly respectable there lurks the hope of splendid sin, the wish to dominate and the urge to destroy.Eventually, the narrator becomes completely possessed with the desire to punish the sinful, that is, the entire human race. He thus invents and builds a device designed to boil all the water on the earth, contemplating with satisfaction as he does so the vision of the world getting hotter and drier and the unbearable thirst of mankind growing until, at last, “in a universal shriek of madness, they will perish”. After that, he reasons, “there will be no more Sin”, the planet will become dead like the moon, “and it will then be as beautiful and as innocent”.大赛原文二：When he was a child, Russell writes in his Autobiography, he was “unusually prone to a sense of sin”. When he was asked to name his favorite hymn, he chose “weary of earth andladen with my sin”. A natural consequence of his secrecy was a troubled conscience, the feeling that his secrets were perpetually liable to be discovered. When, one morning during the family’s daily prayer meeting, Lady Russell read the parable of the Prodigal Son, Bertie said to her: “I know why you did that – because I broke my jug.” When she later repeated the story with great amusement, he felt still more humiliated (“Most of my vivid early memories are of humiliations”). She did no t realize, he wrote, “that she was responsible for a morbidness which had produced tragic results in her own children.”When Bertie was seven, some relief from the oppressive atmosphere of Pembroke Lodge came when the Russells took a house in London for a few months and Bertie and Frank began for the first time to see something of their other grandmother, Lady Stanley of Alderley, and her remarkable family. Lady Stanley was an aristocrat of a quite different stamp from LadyRussell. A few years older than Lady Russell, she had grown up in the atmosphere of robust rationalism that had prevailed in Britain before the succession of Victoria, and, Russell recalls, was “contemptuous of Victorian goody-goody priggery”.As might be expected, she took a great liking to Frank and a corresponding dislike to Bertie, whom she dismissed as “just like his father”. She had a large family of four sons and four daughters, most of them talented, all of them argumentative, and none of them shy. They terrified Bertie and enchanted Frank. Of the sons, Henry was a Muslim, Lyulph an atheist and Algernon a Roman Catholic priest. On Sunday they would all gather for lunch and engage each other in vigorous and unrestrained debate, each contradicting the other and shouting at the top o f their voices. “I used to go to those luncheons in fear and trembling,” Bertie remembered, “since I never knew but what the whole pack would turn on me.” Frank, on the other hand, feltperfectly at home: “It was full of instruction, entertainment and plea sure… I heard matters freely discussed; I was allowed to speak for myself… I loved it.”Frank came to love the Stanleys as warmly as he hated the Russells, and Lady Stanley’s house at 40 Dove Street became for him a second home, a welcome break from Pembroke Lodge. Bertie remained – to all outward appearances at least – a loyal and devoted Russell. When he looked back on the two families in his old age, however, he found that his sympathies had changed: “I owe to the Russells shyness, sensitiveness, and metaphysics; to the Stanleys vigour, good health, and good spirits. On the whole, the latter seems a better inheritance than the former.”。

山东青年政治学院第二届翻译大赛汉译英原文[1]经济战略纵深存在时和空两个维度。

空间纵深方面，可以从区域、产业和市场几个方面来考察：从区域角度看，战略纵深一方面来自一国的幅员辽阔和地大物博，更重要的是根据自然资源禀赋和区域发展规划，形成具有比较优势的区域产业和产品优势，呈现“互为补充、相互带动、梯次发展”的格局；从产业结构看，第一产业特别是高附加值农业、第二产业特别是高端制造业、第三产业特别是现代服务业，呈“核心行业优势明显、整体结构协调发展”的局面；从市场角度看，在全球化背景下，同时拥有国内和国际两个巨大市场，在大力开拓国际市场的同时，拥有具有较大回旋余地的国内市场。

用时间的标尺来衡量战略纵深，则主要是对一国的体制、机制和制度环境对经济潜力的影响加以考察，其中政治和社会稳定的预期、市场体系和投融资体制的效能、社会保障制度的健全与完备、教育和科研水平对经济和产业提供的智力资源等，决定一个国家经济运行的稳定性、经济危机的自我修复能力，事关一国经济发展的潜能。

[2]经济战略纵深的本质是经济安全。

从近代西班牙、荷兰等以商业繁荣为基础的强权经济昙花一现，到亚洲金融危机东亚诸国泡沫破裂引发的经济断层危机，背后的原因林林总总，其经济结构的脆弱性却是不可否认的共性问题。

历史经验说明，没有经济纵深就谈不上经济安全。

经济安全代表着一国经济在整体上主权独立、基础稳固、运行稳健、增长稳定、发展持续，在国际经济生活中有一定的自主性、防卫力和竞争力，能够避免或化解可能的局部的或全局性的危机。

具体内容上，包括一国经济结构内部的协调，国民经济产业部门之间基本保持平衡，工业体系基本完善，基础产业稳固，不存在制约国民经济发展的瓶颈，尤其是不存在无法通过进口加以补充的瓶颈产业。

从供给方面看，产业结构与要素结构基本吻合，资源利用较为充分，而且能够按照比较优势的原则发展主导产业参与国际分工；从需求方面看，产品能基本满足国内的基本需求。

一个具有战略纵深的经济体系应该是一个具有自身结构不断升级的结构，而不是始终依赖外国产业转移的僵化结构；应当是一个在外部动荡环境下能承受冲击的结构，而不是在外部冲击下缺乏调节机制的结构。

A Garden That Welcomes StrangersBy Allen LacyI do not know what became of her, and I never learned her name. But I feel that I knew her from the garden she had so lovingly made over many decades.The house she lived in lies two miles from mine –a simple, two-story structure with the boxy plan, steeply-pitched roof and unadorned lines that are typical of houses built in the middle of the nineteenth century near the New Jersey shore.Her garden was equally simple. She was not a conventional gardener who did everything by the book, following the common advice to vary her plantings so there would be something in bloom from the first crocus in the spring to the last chrysanthemum in the fall. She had no respect for the rule that says thattall-growing plants belong at the rear of a perennial border, low ones in the front and middle-sized ones in the middle, with occasional exceptions for dramatic accent.In her garden, everything was accent, everything was tall, and the evidence was plain that she loved three kinds of plant and three only: roses, clematisand lilies, intermingled promiscuously to pleasant effect but no apparent design.She grew a dozen sorts of clematis, perhaps 50 plants in all, trained and tied so that they clambered up metal rods, each rod crowned intermittently throughout the summer by a rounded profusion of large blossoms of dark purple, rich crimson, pale lavender, light blue and gleaming white.Her taste in roses was old-fashioned. There wasn’t a single modern hybrid tea rose or floribunda in sight. Instead, she favored the roses of other ages –the York and Lancaster rose, the cabbage rose, the damask and the rugosa rose in several varieties. She propagated her roses herself from cuttings stuck directly in the ground and protected by upended gallon jugs.Lilies, I believe were her greatest love. Except for some Madonna lilies it is impossible to name them, since the wooden flats stood casually here and there in the flower bed, all thickly planted with dark green lily seedlings. The occasional paper tag fluttering from a seed pod with the date and record of a cross showed that she was an amateur hybridizer with some special fondness for lilies of a warm muskmelon shade or a pale lemon yellow.She believed in sharing her garden. By her curb there was a sign: “This is my garden, and you are welcome here. Take whatever you wish with your eyes, but nothing with your hand.”Until five years ago, her garden was always immaculately tended, the lawn kept fertilized and mowed, the flower bed free of weeds, the tall lilies carefully staked. But then something happened. I don’t know what it was, but the lawn was mowed less frequently, then not at all. Tall grass invaded the roses, the clematis, the lilies. The elm tree in her front yard sickened and died, and when a coastal gale struck, the branches that fell were never removed.With every year, the neglect has grown worse. Wild honeysuckle and bittersweet run rampant in the garden. Sumac, ailanthus, poison ivy and other uninvited things threaten the few lilies and clematis and roses that still struggle for survival.Last year the house itself went dead. The front door was padlocked and the windows covered with sheets of plywood. For many months there has been a for sale sign out front, replacing the sign inviting strangers to share her garden.I drive by that house almost daily and have been tempted to load a shovel in my car trunk, stop at her curb and rescue a few lilies from the smotheringthicket of weeds. The laws of trespass and the fact that her house sits across the street from a police station have given me the cowardice to resist temptation. But her garden has reminded me of mortality; gardeners and the gardens they make are fragile things, creatures of time, hostages to chance and to decay.Last week, the for sale sign out front came down and the windows were unboarded. A crew of painters arrived and someone cut down the dead elm tree. This morning there was a moving van in the driveway unloading a swing set, a barbecue grill, a grand piano and a houseful of sensible furniture. A young family is moving into that house.I hope that among their number is a gardener whose special fondness for old roses and clematis and lilies will see to it that all else is put aside until that flower bed is restored to something of its former self.(选自Patterns: A Short Prose Reader, by Mary Lou Conlin, published by Houghton Mifflin Company, 1983.)。

翻译竞赛英译汉参赛原文Africa on the Silk RoadThe Dark Continent, the Birthplace of Humanity . . . Africa. All of the lands south and west of the Kingdom of Egypt have for far too long been lumped into one cultural unit by westerners, when in reality, nothing could be further from the truth. Africa is not one mysterious, impenetrable land as the legacy of the nineteenth Century European explorers suggests, it is rather an immensely varied patchwork of peoples that can be changed not only by region and country but b y nature’s way of separating people – by rivers and lakes and by mountain ranges and deserts. A river or other natural barrier may separate two groups of people who interact, but who rarely intermarry, because they perceive the people on the other side to be “different” from them.Africa played an important part in Silk Road trade from antiquity through modern times when much of the Silk Road trade was supplanted by European corporate conglomerates like the Dutch and British East India Companies who created trade monopolies to move goods around the Old World instead. But in the heyday of the Silk Road, merchants travelled to Africa to trade for rare timbers, gold, ivory, exotic animals and spices. From ports along the Mediterranean and Red Seas to those as far south asMogadishu and Kenya in the Indian Ocean, goods from all across the continent were gathered for the purposes of trade.One of Africa’s contributions to world cuisine that is still widely used today is sesame seeds. Imagine East Asian food cooked in something other than its rich sesame oil, how about the quintessential American-loved Chinese dish, General Tso’s Chicken? How ‘bout the rich, thick tahini paste enjoyed from the Levant and Middle East through South and Central Asia and the Himalayas as a flavoring for foods (hummus, halva) and stir-fries, and all of the breads topped with sesame or poppy seeds? Then think about the use of black sesame seeds from South Asian through East Asian foods and desserts. None of these cuisines would have used sesame in these ways, if it hadn’t been for the trade of sesame seeds from Africa in antiquity.Given the propensity of sesame plants to easily reseed themselves, the early African and Arab traders probably acquired seeds from native peoples who gathered wild seeds. The seeds reached Egypt, the Middle East and China by 4,000 –5,000 years ago as evidenced from archaeological investigations, tomb paintings and scrolls. Given the eager adoption of the seeds by other cultures and the small supply, the cost per pound was probably quite high and merchants likely made fortunes offthe trade.Tamarind PodsThe earliest cultivation of sesame comes from India in the Harappan period of the Indus Valley by about 3500 years ago and from then on, India began to supplant Africa as a source of the seeds in global trade. By the time of the Romans, who used the seeds along with cumin to flavor bread, the Indian and Persian Empires were the main sources of the seeds.Another ingredient still used widely today that originates in Africa is tamarind. Growing as seed pods on huge lace-leaf trees, the seeds are soaked and turned into tamarind pulp or water and used to flavor curries and chutneys in Southern and South Eastern Asia, as well as the more familiar Worcestershire and barbeque sauces in the West. Eastern Africans use Tamarind in their curries and sauces and also make a soup out of the fruits that is popular in Zimbabwe. Tamarind has been widely adopted in the New World as well as is usually blended with sugar for a sweet and sour treat wrapped in corn husk as a pulpy treat or also used as syrup to flavor sodas, sparkling waters and even ice cream.Some spices of African origin that were traded along the Silk Road havebecome extinct. One such example can be found in wild silphion which was gathered in Northern Africa and traded along the Silk Road to create one of the foundations of the wealth of Carthage and Kyrene. Cooks valued the plant because of the resin they gathered from its roots and stalk that when dried became a powder that blended the flavors of onion and garlic. It was impossible for these ancient people to cultivate, however, and a combination of overharvesting, wars and habitat loss cause the plant to become extinct by the end of the first or second centuries of the Common Era. As supplies of the resin grew harder and harder to get, it was supplanted by asafetida from Central Asia.Other spices traded along the Silk Road are used almost exclusively in African cuisines today – although their use was common until the middle of the first millennium in Europe and Asia. African pepper, Moor pepper or negro pepper is one such spice. Called kieng in the cuisines of Western Africa where it is still widely used, it has a sharp flavor that is bitter and flavorful at the same time – sort of like a combination of black pepper and nutmeg. It also adds a bit of heat to dishes for a pungent taste. Its use extends across central Africa and it is also found in Ethiopian cuisines. When smoked, as it often is in West Africa before use, this flavor deepens and becomes smoky and develops a black cardamom-like flavor. By the middle of the 16th Century, the use and trade of negro pepper in Europe,Western and Southern Asia had waned in favor of black pepper imports from India and chili peppers from the New World.Traditional Chinese ShipGrains of paradise, Melegueta pepper, or alligator pepper is another Silk Road Spice that has vanished from modern Asian and European food but is still used in Western and Northern Africa and is an important cash crop in some areas of Ethiopia. Native to Africa’s West Coast its use seems to have originated in or around modern Ghana and was shipped to Silk Road trade in Eastern Africa or to Mediterranean ports. Fashionable in the cuisines of early Renaissance Europe its use slowly waned until the 18th Century when it all but vanished from European markets and was supplanted by cardamom and other spices flowing out of Asia to the rest of the world.The trade of spices from Africa to the rest of the world was generally accomplished by a complex network of merchants working the ports and cities of the Silk Road. Each man had a defined, relatively bounded territory that he traded in to allow for lots of traders to make a good living moving goods and ideas around the world along local or regional. But occasionally, great explorers accomplished the movement of goods across several continents and cultures.Although not African, the Chinese Muslim explorer Zheng He deserves special mention as one of these great cultural diplomats and entrepreneurs. In the early 15th Century he led seven major sea-faring expeditions from China across Indonesia and several Indian Ocean ports to Africa. Surely, Chinese ships made regular visits to Silk Road ports from about the 12th Century on, but when Zheng came, he came leading huge armadas of ships that the world had never seen before and wouldn’t see again for several centuries. Zheng came in force, intending to display China’s greatness to the world and bring the best goods from the rest of the world back to China. Zheng came eventually to Africa where he left laden with spices for cooking and medicine, wood and ivory and hordes of animals. It may be hard for us who are now accustomed to the world coming on command to their desktops to imagine what a miracle it must have been for the citizens of Nanjing to see the parade of animals from Zheng’s cultural Ark. But try we must to imagine the wonder brought by the parade of giraffes, zebra and ostriches marching down Chinese streets so long ago –because then we can begin to imagine the importance of the Silk Road in shaping the world.[文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意!]。

中英互译比赛原文中英互译比赛原文英译汉竞赛原文：The Posteverything GenerationI never expected to gain any new insight into the nature of my generation, or the changing landscape of American colleges, in Lit Theory. Lit Theory is supposed to be the class where you sit at the back of the room with every other jaded sophomore wearing skinny jeans, thick-framed glasses, an ironic tee-shirt and over-sized retro headphones, just waiting for lecture to be over so you can light up a Turkish Gold and walk to lunch while listening to Wilco. That’s pretty much the way I spent the course, too: through structuralism, formalism, gender theory, and post-colonialism, I was far too busy shuffling through my Ipod to see what the patriarchal world order of capitalist oppression had to do with Ethan Frome. But when we began to study postmodernism, something struck a chord with me and made me sit up and look anew at the seemingly blasé college-aged literati of which I was so self-consciously one.According to my textbook, the problem with defining postmodernism is that it’s impossible. The difficulty is that it is so...post. It defines itself so negatively against what came before it –naturalism, romanticism and the wild revolution of modernism –that it’s sometimes hard to see what it actually is. It denies that anything can be explained neatly or even at all. It is parodic, detached, strange, and sometimes menacing to traditionalists who do not understand it. Although it arose in the post-war west (the term was coined in 1949), the generation that has witnessed its ascendance has yet to come up with anexplanation of what postmodern attitudes mean for the future of culture or society. The subject intrigued me because, in a class otherwise consumed by dead-letter theories, postmodernism remained an open book, tempting to the young and curious. But it also intrigued me because the question of what postmodernism –what a movement so post-everything, so reticent to define itself – is spoke to a larger question about the political and popular culture of today, of the other jaded sophomores sitting around me who had grown up in a postmodern world.In many ways, as a college-aged generation, we are also extremely post: post-Cold War, post-industrial, post-baby boom, post-9/11...at one point in his famous essay, “Postmodernism, or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism,” literary critic Frederic Jameson even calls us “post-literate.” We are a generation that is riding on the tail-end of a century of war and revolution that toppled civilizations, overturned repressive social orders, and left us with more privilege and opportunity than any other society in history. Ours could be an era to accomplish anything.And yet do we take to the streets and the airwaves and say “here we are, and this is what we demand”? Do we plant our flag of youthful rebellion on the mall in Washington and say “we arenot leaving until we see change! Our eyes have been opened by our education and our conception of what is possible has been expanded by our privilege and we demand a better world because it is our right”? It would seem we do the opposite. We go to war without so much as questioning the rationale, we sign away our civil liberties, we say nothing when the Supreme Court uses Brown v. Board of Education to outlaw desegregation, andwe sit back to watch the carnage on the evening news.On campus, we sign petitions, join organizations, put our names on mailing lists, make small-money contributions, volunteer a sp are hour to tutor, and sport an entire wardrobe’s worth of Live Strong bracelets advertising our moderately priced opposition to everything from breast cancer to global warming. But what do we really stand for? Like a true postmodern generation we refuse to weave together an overarching narrative to our own political consciousness, to present a cast of inspirational or revolutionary characters on our public stage, or to define a specific philosophy. We are a story seemingly without direction or theme, structure or meaning – a generation defined negatively against what came before us. When Al Gore once said “It’s the combination of narcissism and nihilism that really defines postmodernism,” he might as well have been echoing his entire generation’s critique o f our own. We are a generation for whom even revolution seems trite, and therefore as fair a target for bland imitation as anything else. We are the generation of the Che Geuvera tee-shirt.Jameson calls it “Pastiche” –“the wearing of a linguistic mask, s peech in a dead language.” In literature, this means an author speaking in a style that is not his own – borrowing a voice and continuing to use it until the words lose all meaning and the chaos that is real life sets in. It is an imitation of an imitation, something that has been re-envisioned so many times the original model is no longer relevant or recognizable. It is mass-produced individualism, anticipated revolution. It is why postmodernism lacks cohesion, why it seems to lack purpose or direction. For us, the post-everything generation, pastiche is the use and reuse of the old clichés of social change and moraloutrage – a perfunctory rebelliousness that has culminated in the age of rapidly multiplying non-profits and relief funds. We live our lives in masks and speak our minds in a dead language – the language of a society that expects us to agitate because that’s what young people do. But how do we rebel against a generation that is expecting, anticipating, nostalgic for revolution?How do we rebel against parents that sometimes seem to want revolution more than we do? We don’t. We rebel by not rebelling. We wear the defunct masks of protest and moral outrage, but the real energy in campus activism is on the internet, with websites like . It is in the rapidly developing ability to communicate ideas and frustration in chatrooms instead of on the streets, and channel them into nationwide projects striving earnestly for moderate and peaceful change: we are the generation of Students Taking Action Now Darfur; we are the Rockthe Vote generation; the generation of letter-writing campaigns and public interest lobbies; the alternative energy generation.College as America once knew it – as an incubator of radical social change – is coming to an end. To our generation the word “radicalism” evokes images of al Qaeda, not the Weathermen. “Campus takeover” sounds more like Virginia Tech in 2007 than Columbia University in 1968. Such phrases are a dead language to us. They are vocabulary from another era that does not reflect the realities of today. However, the technological revolution, the revolution, the revolution of the organization kid, is just as real and just as profound as the revolution of the 1960’s – it is just not as visible. It is a work in progress, but it is there. Perhaps when our parents finally stop pointing out thethings that we are not, the stories that we do not write, they will see the threads of our narrative begin to come together; they will see that behind our pastiche, the post generation speaks in a language that does make sense. We are writing a revolution. We are just putting it in our own words.汉译英竞赛原文：保护古村落就是保护“根性文化”传统村落是指拥有物质形态和非物质形态文化遗产，具有较高的历史、文化、科学、艺术、社会、经济价值的村落。

汉译英参赛原文矛盾的福建福建是名副其实的山地省，福建的山连绵不断，至海未绝。

福建的山地加丘陵，占到全省面积的90%多。

但福建的特殊性在于它还是一个海洋省，是中国最具海洋文明精神的一个省。

福建海洋文明的发育，也和福建的山地有关，正是这些大山，阻碍了福建与中原的联系，面向大海寻找出路是福建的最好选择。

福建的山地直逼入海，或者说大海入侵，直抵山脚，造成了福建的海岸水深崖陡，岸线曲折，海湾、海岛众多。

这是中国也是世界上最好的海岸，最适合建设大的港口，停靠大船。

但是很遗憾，造物主给了福建最适合建造港口的海岸，却没有给它与之相配的腹地。

这是福建的第一个矛盾。

福建的矛盾还有许多。

破碎的山地，高大的山脉，造成了封闭；曲折的海岸，优良的港湾，又哺育了福建人面向大海的开放意识。

这就是福建的又一个矛盾。

闽西客家人聚族而居的土楼与厦门鼓浪屿上那一幢幢有着希腊式廊柱的洋房是这个矛盾最好的注脚。

理解福建不仅要了解福建的矛盾性，还要理解福建的两极性。

福建在矛盾对立的两方都趋向极端。

比如海洋文明，福建比中国滨海的其他省区要发达得多，我觉得，如果把海洋文明理解为面对大海无所畏惧，敢于向海外移民和敢于出海通番经商的话，福建人就是中国最敢闯海的人。

福建人是最早“下南洋”、“闯东洋”的，东南亚遍布祖籍是福建的人；福建人又是最早出海做生意的人。

有人说广州人是“坐商”，自古就会招天下人来广州开“广交会”，而福建人是“行商”，自古就会乘着季风驾着帆船“下南洋”。

《福布斯》杂志曾刊出全球前十大华人富豪，其中四人祖籍是福建。

福建籍的华侨有1000多万，分布在五大洲一百多个国家和地区。

但如果我们说福建的文化是面向大海的开放的海洋文明，立刻就会招来反对，因为中华的传统文化在福建根基牢固，被保存得十分完好。

因为破碎化的山地，格子状的水系，造成了一个个割据的语言孤岛，一块块格子状的文化飞地，因此中华文化在这些孤岛和飞地中避免了被同化的命运。

许多古老的文化，到了福建破碎的山地中，就像化石一样被保留了下来。

第二届翻译大赛初赛（2010年）翻译原文及参考译文一、将下列短文译成汉语（50分）:1) At a time when a towering personality like Mme. Curie has come to the end of her life, let us not merely rest content with recalling what she has given to mankind in the fruits of her work. It is the moral qualities of its leading personalities that are perhaps of even greater significance for a generation and for the course of history than purely intellectual accomplishments. Even these latter are, to a far greater degree than is commonly credited, dependent on the stature of character.It was my good fortune to be linked with Mme. Curie through twenty years of sublime and unclouded friendship. I come to admire her human grandeur to an ever growing degree. Her strength, her purity of will, her austerity toward herself, objectively, her incorruptible judgment—all these were of a kind seldom found joined in a single individual. She felt herself at every moment to be a servant of society and her profound modesty never left any room for complacency.2) It was common enough during the first year of the war to meet people who took an aesthetic pleasure in the darkness of the streets at night. It gave them un nouveau frisson. They said that never had London been so beautiful. It was hardly a gracious thing to say about London. And it was not entirely true. The hill of Piccadilly has always been beautiful, with its lamps suspended above it like strange fruits. The Thames between Westminister Bridge and Blackfriars has always been beautiful at night, pouring its brown waters along in a dusk of light and shadow. And had we not always had Hyde Park like a little dark forest full of lamps, with the gold of the lamps shaken into long Chinese alphabets in the windy waters of the Serpentine? There was Chelsea, too. Surely, even before the war, Chelsea by night lay in darkness like a town forgotten and derelict in the snug gloom of an earlier century.（注：un nouveau frisson，法语，一种新的颤动；Piccadilly：皮卡迪利，位于伦敦西区的繁华地段；Westminister Bridge and Blackfriars: 威斯敏斯特大桥和黑衣修士区；Serpentine：蛇湖，海德公园内；Chelsea切尔西区。