最新大学英语四级听力原文2018.12(卷二)讲课教案

2018年12月四级真题第二套听力原文Short Conversations1. W：I’d like to take a trip to Florida for my spring break. Can you give me any idea where to go?M：I could tell you about the places I visited, but I think you’d better look up a travel agency to help the arrangement.Q：What does the man suggest the woman do?2. M：I'm really tired of driving at night, even though the traffic seems fine.W：I see. Let's stop for some food and then find a motel nearby, so we can start early tomorrow.Q：What do we learn about the speakers?3. M：Jeff's got a lot of good ideas. Do you think he is willing to come to the meeting?W：Oh, I think he'd be glad to come, but what's difficult is getting the guy to speak before a large crowd.Q：What does the woman imply about Jeff?4. W：I hear you are leaving the company and going back to school this year.M：Yes. I'm enrolled in a graduate program in Public Administration.Q：What is the man going to do?5. W: Have you applied for the art director position?M: No, I’d like to, but the job starts on the first of May and I wouldn’t be available until June.Q: What does the man mean?6. W: Will my car be ready by the end of the day?M: It should be. I’ll call if there are any problems. We are open until 6:00.Q: What is probably the man’s job?7. W: I have a big paper due Monday, but I promise Laura we’d clean the apartment this weekend. What am I going to do?M: Why don’t you just see if Laura can wait for a week or two?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?8. W: Construction on the bridge has really slowed the traffic.M: I know. Since they started working* the time it takes me to get to work has doubled.Q: What are the speakers talking about?Long Conversation 1W: Sales department. Can I help you?M：Oh, yes. I hope so. My name is Kings Bruce of GPF Ltd. (9) We need some supplies for our design office.W：I see. What sort of things are you looking for, Mr. Kings Bruce?M：Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.W：Well, in the standard range, we have the D044, and the D045models.M：Oh, what’s the difference between them?W：Well, the D045 has the mending system and it does cost slightly more as a result.M：So what is the total price?W：For the D045, it is 387 pounds 50 pence.M：And does that include value added tax?W：Oh, yes.M：Can you tell me how long it takes to deliver?W：I can’t give a definite date now I’m afraid, because it depends on the other orders we have to get out. But it will certainly be within three weeks.M: OK, now we also want some drawing pens, ink and correction fluid, and some drawing paper.W：(10) Ah, now the lady who deals with drawing office supplies isn’t here this morning I’m afraid. But I could ask her to give you a ring this afternoon if you like.M: Oh, yes. Thank you.W: What is your telephone number?M：It is Redding. (11) That is code 0734, 21653-51.W: OK, I will get Miss Thompson to ring you this afternoon. Now would you like me to place an order for one D045 drawing board?M：Yes, please. You’ve been most helpful. Goodbye.W：Goodbye.Q9. What’s the man’s purpose in making the telephone call?Q10. Why can’t the man order the other drawing office suppliesright now?Q11. What’s the man's telephone number?Long Conversation 2W: I’m so worried about Mark these days. (12) Ever since he moved into his apartment, he has been losing weight. He really doesn't look well at all.M: He should try to gain some weight. He is probably not eating enough.W: Well, anyway, how is Tim these days?M: Tim? Oh, Tim has been worried, too. (13) He is really getting much too fat. He needs to lose about 75 pounds now.W: That’s a lot of weight to lose. What does Tim eat?M: I really don’t know. But I am sure he is eating too much cake and candy.W: Well, did I tell you Mark doesn’t eat any meat now? He only eats vegetables and fruit.M: That’s probably why he is so thin. Does he smoke?W: Does he smoke? About two packs of cigarettes a day. That’s my son, a smoking vegetarian.M: En, if he stops smoking, he would gain weight. I know he would. Tim put on a lot of weight when he stopped smoking.W: Does Tim play any sports?M: (14) Play sports? Oh, my! I keep telling him, "Tim, dear, you really need to get some exercise.”And you know what he does? He just gets angry.W: (14) I know Mark doesn’t take exercise, either.M: Did you tell him?W: Of course, but you know what it is like being a mother of a13-year-old boy. They just don’t think they need your advice anymore. (15) I wish Mark could find a nice girlfriend to relax and have fun with. I heard Tim has a girlfriend at last. That’s wonderful.Q12. When did Mark start losing weight according to the woman?Q13. Why is the man worried about Tim?Q14. What did Mark and Tim have in common?Q15. What is the woman's wish for Mark?Passage 1Good afternoon. This is Diane Martinet with the midday news on KALF. (16) Fires in California continue to burn out of control, and several small towns in the forests near San Francisco are still in danger. One of the greatest dangers to the 500 firefighters, however, comes not from the fires, but from poison plants in the forest. (17) Many firefighters have got skin problems after touching the plants, and at least three have had to go to the hospital for treatment for their skin problems.NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Agency, today announced in Florida that the next space shuttle mission has been canceled. The mission was scheduled for an 11:30 a.m. takeoff on Tuesday. (18) However, the flight has been canceled because of problems with the spaceship’s central computer system. NASA technicians noticed the computer problems during last-minute checks.Seven teenager computer specialists have been arrested by police in New Jersey. (19) After taking an advanced computer course at school, the seven boys, all from Princeton, New Jersey, illegally obtain top-secretinformation from government computers in Washington. They also started to use their home computers to access telephone networks.In New York, the value of the dollars stayed the same today. But in Tokyo, the dollar fell dramatically. At the end of the day, it was worth 83 yen, compared to 88 yen yesterday.Q16. What does the midday news on KALF say about fires in California?Q17. What do we learn about many of the firefighters?Q18. What do we learn from the news about the space shuttle mission?Q19. What do we learn about the seven boys in New Jersey?Passage 2(20) When you live in an apartment building, where only wall separates you from your neighbors, everyone needs to be considerate of each other. That’s not what happened in my apartment building. Someone was always leaving the clothes in the washers and dryers in the laundry room. I got tired of running up and down the stairs to see if the clothes had been removed，so I could start my own one. Obviously someone else got tired, too. (21) Because one day, someone took clothes from the washer and dryer，and dumped them in the corner. This act started a battle of letters posted on the wall of the laundry room. The first letter was from Mindy Lance who was really angry that her clothes had been removed from the washer and dryer, and dumped. She then threatened to dump everybody else's clothes she herself found in the washer and dryer. Mindy Lance’s letter enraged other residents and they posted the letters to her. Eventually, Mindy began to behave properly buthard feelings remained. The problem couldn't have been resolved better.(22) The residents had informed the building manager; she then could inform all residents that the clothes should be removed from the washers and dryers within 50 minutes after their wash is done. Those who refuse to obey might not have their leases renew. That could be a fare consent solution. Neighbor problems may sometimes seem inevitable, but it’s important to resolve them fairly.Q20. What does the speaker think residents in an apartment building need to be?Q21. What started a battle of letters in the laundry C) room?Q22.What does the speaker think might be a better way to resolve the problem?Passage 3In today’s class, we'll discuss Toni Morrison's novel Beloved. As I’m sure you all know, (23) Morrison is both a popular and highly respected author and it’s not easy to be both. Born in 1931, Morrison has written some of the most touching and intelligent works on theAfrican-American experience ever written by anyone. And yet to call her an African-American writer doesn’t seem to do her justice. In many ways, she’s simply an American writer and certainly one of the best. Beloved is a truly remarkable work. It was recommended for nearly every nature literary class, including the National Book Award and the National Book Critics Circle Award, and it in fact won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1988. (24) Morrison herself is distinguished for having won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1993. What makes Beloved unique is the skillful sure way in which Morrison blends intensely personal storytelling andAmerican history, racial themes and gender themes, the experience of blacks with the experience of all people everywhere, the down-to-earth reality of slavery with the sense of mysterious spirituality.We will be paying special attention to these themes as we discuss this work and I’m particularly interested in your views on the relative importance of grace and gender in this book. (25) Is it more important that Sethe, the main character is black, or that she is a woman? Which contributes more to her being? What does Morrison tell us about both?Q23. What do we learn about Toni Morrison?Q24. What honor did Toni Morrison receive in 1993?Q25.What does the speaker tell us about Sethe, the main character, in Morrison’s novel Beloved?Compound Dictation26. In addition 27. software 28. available29. individuals 30. technological 31. manufacture32. In short 33. By contrast 34. scientific 35. quantity。

2018年12月英语四级听力原文(总7页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--2018年12月News 1A device that weighs less than one kilogram is part of a mission that will allow scientists to deliver fourth generation or 4G mobile coverage to the moon in successful， the tiny device will providethe moon with its first ever mobile phone lunar network will support high definition streaming of video and data between the moon and network is part of a mission to the is a project with the goal of landing the first privately paid for mission to the The 4G missionis set to launch from Cape Canaveral in the United States on a space X Falcon 9 rocket in to the moon intends to establish and test the first elements of a communications network on the scientists working on the project opted to build a 4G rather than a fifth generation or 5G is because fifth generation networks are still in testing andtrial means that a 5G network may not yet be stable enough to workon the moon‘s surfaceQuestion 1：What are scientists planning to do？Question 2：Why did scientists choose to set up a 4G network in their mission？News 2It‘s responded to a fire Wednesday night at an abandoned mall in fire was reported at 9：26 pm at an old shopping center on Michigan Avenue near ’s fire engines， two trucks and two chiefs respondedto the had the fire under control in about 45 minutes and managed to contain the fire to its point of There were some people inside the building when the fire broke out but there were no reports of any investigators have responded to the scene but have not yet determined the cause of the will remain on the scene until later this morningto ensure that the fire doesn‘t start up shopping mall had not been in use since 2014 City Hall developed a plan to knock down the building and replace it with affordable the plan was dropped due to lack of funds.Question 3：What does the news item say about the fire？Question4：What had City Hall planned to do？News 3Potato chips in Japan are being sold for 6X their normal isafter the country‘s main manufacturer stopped sales due to a potato and floods and its main potato growing region last year caused the worst harvest and more than 3 media reports suggest Calbee and its main rival Koike-ya are halting almost 50 products.“We don‘t know when we’ll be able to restart”， a company spokesman lovers are panic buying and many supermarket shelves are laws limit the amount of imported potatoes that can be used in Japanese made Japan says fear of disease is its main reason to block fresh still only allows potatoes from selected US is only atcertain times and on condition that they are processed at factories based near Japanese ports.But global warming has raised the possibility that domestic produce could be seriously affected by rare weather events more often.Question 5：What problem is Japan facing？Question 6：Why does Japan limit the import of potatoes？Question 7：What might affect Japanese domestic produce？Conversation 1M：‘s lectures are so boring.W： Yes， he is not a very exciting the subject is interesting.M： During every one of his lectures， I try to listen I really after about 10 minutes my mind begins to wander and I lose I seethat you seem to be do you stay focused through the entire hour？W： Well， what I do is keep my pen moving.M： What do you mean？W：It‘s a method of active concentration I read of the most effective ways to concentrate is to write things it has to be done by hand， not typing on a see writing by hand forces you to actually engage with wh at you’re learning in a more physical way.M： Do you review your notes afterwards then？W：Sometimes but that‘s not notes may or may not be useful but the point is that by writing down what says I can follow his line of thinking more In fact， sometimes I draw a little too.M： You draw in class and that helps me pay attention？W： Yes， honestly it works for just draw little lines and nonsense was also in that article I can keep the mind active，prevent getting bored and help to the point is to listen hard while keeping the pen I‘m at home and I need to study what I do is read out has a similar effect to writing by helps memorize information in a physical way.Question does the man think of ‘s lectures？Question does the woman do during ‘s lectures？Question does the woman draw in class？Question does the woman say about reading out loud？Conversation 2M： And where is this？F ：These photos are from the Taj Mahal in went there about ten years ago for our honeymoon.M： Was it romantic.F： Taj Mahal was a very romantic guide told us there is a famous love story behind this building that all Indians learn in think it was during the 1600 and the princess at that time died while giving birth to her 14th Emperor loved the princess so much and was so sad when she died that he ordered the palace to be built in her honor.M： Wow ！ That sounds very looks amazing.F：Yes it‘s ’s also larger in real life than it looks in the The building is very tall and there are gardens in a wall around it ‘s all built in this white stone and some walls of the building are decorated with jewels.M ：It must have been very crowded when you were there.F：Yes it‘s a very famous tourist there are thousands of visitors every day.M： Was the rest of India crowded？F：Yes， very crowded in many was sometimes so crowded that it was difficult to walk along the streets especially through busy there are so many was terrible but the people were culture is amazing and we had a great time.M：What about the food？F： the Indian food is are lots of different dishes to try and every region has its own special food.Question what purpose did the woman go to India？Question was the Taj Mahal built？Question does the woman say about the Taj Mahal？Question 15 what is the woman‘s impression of Indian cities？Passage 1A Pew Research Center survey of more than 1000 Americans conducted in April 2016 finds that Americans continue to express largely positive views about the current state of their local public instance around three quarters say that public libraries provide them with the resources they need and 66 percent say the closing of their local public library would have a major impact on their notably just 33 percent say this would have a major impact on them personally or on their A majority of Americans feel libraries are doing a good job of providing a safe place for people to hang out or spend time aswell as opening up educational opportunities for people of all ages and roughly half think their libraries contribute a lot to their communities in terms of helping spark creativity among young people and providing a trusted place for people to learn about new in past Pew Research Center surveys of library use the April 2016 survey also measured Americans usage of and engagement with ， 53 percent of Americans ages 16 and older have had some interaction with the puppet library in the past year either through an in person visit or using a library Web site some 48 percent of adults specifically visited a library in the past 12 modest increase from the 44 percent who said that in late 2015.Question 16：What do most Americans say about local public libraries？Question 17：how can local public libraries benefit young people？Question 18：what does the 2016 survey show about adult library users？Passage 2A Savannah cat is a crossbreed between a domestic cat and a medium-sized wild African cat called the unusual cross became popular among breeders at the end of the in 2001， the International Cat Association accepted it as a new registered savannahs are tall and slim and can weigh up to nine point one kilograms， making them one of the largest breeds of cats that people can have a spotted code similar to that of many types of wild cats and their ears are very are also commonly compared to dogs in their loyalty and can be trained to walk on a lead and to fetch， and often noted characteristic of the Savannah is its jumping are known to jump on top of doors and high can leap metres high from a standing Catsare typically known for being very inquisitive and so are the often learn how to open doors and Savannah cats do not fear water and will play with or even dive into owners even shower with their Savannah Cats， presenting a water bowl to Savannah may also prove a challenge， as some will promptly begin to bat all the water out of the bowl until it is empty using their front paws.Question do we learn about the savannah cat？Question is characteristic of Savannah cats？Question 21 What do some people do with their Savannah cats？Passage 3When children start school for the very 1st time parents often feel a sense of excitement coupled with a touch of sadness at the end of an is the start of a new adventure for children playing and interacting with new friends sharing， taking turns and settling into a new routine.But of course，this is not the start of your child‘s education which in fact began at then，u would have been your child’s most influential this time at home， ur child would have learnt more than at any other period in their your child‘s first year in school much time will be spent in learning to read and they need to know thatthis is fun and Ur child will naturally copy u so it is important that u are seen reading and enjoying books newspapers and magazines rather than just absorbed in an excellent education should be a close partnership between parents and child’s year splits fairlyneatly into thirds： a 3rd at school， a 3rd asleep and a third awake at home or on holiday.Irrespective of the quality of a school a child‘s home life is of key is the determining factor of their academic child may have started on a new journey but ur work is far from finished.Question 22 How do parents feel when their children start going to school？Question 23 What does the passage say about children‘s education？Question 24 What should parents do for the success of their children‘s education？Question does the passage say is the key factor of loin bo’s academic success？。

【导语】2018年12⽉英语四级考试已结束，四六级频道在考后特别整理了2018年12⽉英语四级听⼒真题原⽂【完整版】，仅供⼤家参考，祝⼤家顺利通过四级考试！ News 1 A device that weighs less than one kilogram is part of a mission that will allow scientists to deliver fourth generation or4G mobile coverage to the moon in 2019。

If successful， the tiny device will provide the moon with its first ever mobile phone network。

The lunar network will support high definition streaming of video and data between the moon and earth。

The network is part of a mission to the moon。

This is a project with the goal of landing the first privately paid for mission to the moon。

The 4G mission is set to launch from Cape Canaveral in the United States on a space X Falcon 9 rocket in 2019。

Mission to the moon intends to establish and test the first elements of a communications network on the moon。

The scientists working on the project opted to build a 4G rather than a fifth generation or 5G network。

2018年12月英语四级听力原文全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hey guys, today I wanna tell you about the English listening test in the December 2018 CET-4 exam. So, like, in this test, we had to listen to a bunch of recordings and answer questions based on what we heard. It was pretty tricky, but also kinda fun!The first part was about a girl named Emma who was talking about her summer vacation. She went to the beach and had a blast swimming and playing beach volleyball. She also visited a cool museum and learned a lot about history. The questions were all about where she went and what she did, so we had to pay really close attention.Next up, we listened to a lecture about sharks. It was super interesting! We learned all about how sharks hunt for food and what makes their teeth so sharp. The questions were all about shark facts, like how fast they can swim and what they eat. It was really cool to learn about these amazing creatures.After that, we listened to a conversation between two friends planning a trip to Thailand. They talked about all the places theywanted to visit and the activities they wanted to do. The questions were all about their travel plans, like which cities they would go to and how they would get around. It was like we were planning a trip ourselves!Overall, the listening test was challenging but also really fun.I think I did pretty well, thanks to all the practice I did beforehand.I can't wait to see my score and find out how I did. I hope you guys did well too! Good luck, everyone!篇2Hello everyone, today I'm going to share with you the original transcript of the English listening test for the December 2018 CET-4 exam. Are you ready? Let's get started!Part I: Short Conversations1. Woman: Have you heard about the new movie that just came out?Man: Yeah, I saw the trailer for it online. It looks really interesting.2. Man: Do you want to go grab a bite to eat after class?Woman: I can't. I have to study for my exam tomorrow.3. Woman: Did you finish your homework for English class?Man: No, I still have a few more questions to answer before I'm done.Part II: Short Passages1. Listen carefully and answer the following questions.Question 1: What is the main idea of the passage?Question 2: What is the speaker's opinion on social media?2. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing information.The speaker talks about his experience traveling to a country he had never been to before. He describes the culture, food, and sights he saw during his trip.Part III: Long ConversationMan: Hey, have you decided where you want to go for spring break?Woman: I'm thinking about going to Europe. There are so many countries I want to visit.Man: That sounds like a great idea! I've always wanted to see the Eiffel Tower in Paris.Woman: Yeah, Paris is definitely on my list. I also want to visit Italy and see the Colosseum in Rome.Man: Italy would be amazing! The history and architecture there are so beautiful.Woman: I know, right? I can't wait to try authentic Italian pizza and gelato.Man: Me too! Let's start planning our trip now so we can make the most of our time there.Part IV: Short TalkThe speaker discusses the importance of volunteering in the community and the benefits it brings to both individuals and society as a whole. He encourages everyone to find a cause they are passionate about and get involved in making a positive impact in their community.And that's the end of the listening test for the December 2018 CET-4 exam. I hope you found it helpful and entertaining. Good luck with your studies, and remember to keep practicing your English skills every day! Bye bye!篇3Hey guys! Today I'm going to tell you all about the 2018 December English Cet-4 listening test! It was so tough but I managed to get through it! The test had four sections and each section had different types of questions.In the first section, we had to listen to a conversation between two people and answer multiple-choice questions. It was kinda easy but some of the questions were tricky!Next up was the second section, where we had to listen to a short talk and fill in the blanks with the missing words. This part was a bit challenging because the speaker spoke really fast!The third section was a lecture and we had to match the speakers with the topics they were talking about. It was hard to keep track of all the information but I tried my best!And finally, the last section was another conversation but this time we had to answer questions about the main idea and details. It was tough but I think I did alright!Overall, the listening test was pretty difficult but I'm proud of myself for getting through it. I can't wait to see my results andsee how I did! Good luck to all my friends who also took the test! Let's all hope for the best!篇4Oh my goodness, here we go! This is the 2018 December English Listening Test for the fourth grade level. Are you ready? Let's do this!Part One:The first part is a conversation between two friends, Sally and Tim. They are talking about their plans for the weekend. Sally wants to go to the movies, but Tim wants to go to the park. They finally decide to go to the park and have a picnic. They will bring sandwiches, fruit, and juice. They will also bring a frisbee and a soccer ball to play with. It sounds like a fun day!Part Two:The second part is a lecture about the history of dinosaurs. The professor talks about the different kinds of dinosaurs that lived millions of years ago. He explains how they became extinct and what scientists have learned from studying their fossils. It's really interesting to learn about these ancient creatures!Part Three:The third part is a radio program about recycling. The host talks about the importance of recycling and how we can all help the environment by reducing, reusing, and recycling our waste. She gives tips on how to recycle different materials like paper, plastic, and glass. It's important to take care of our planet!Part Four:The fourth part is a news report about a new technology that helps people with disabilities. The reporter interviews a man who lost his sight but can now see with the help of a special device. He explains how the technology works and how it has changed his life. It's amazing to see how technology can make a difference in people's lives!Well, that's all for the listening test. I hope you did well and had fun listening to the different parts. Remember to practice your English listening skills every day so you can improve and become a better English speaker. Good luck!篇5Hey guys, today I'm gonna tell you all about the English listening test in the December 2018 CET-4 exam. It was super tough, but I did my best to listen carefully and catch all the important information!The first part of the listening test was a conversation between two students about their upcoming exams. They talked about what subjects they needed to study for and how to prepare for the tests. It was kinda tricky because they spoke really fast, but I managed to pick up some key words and figure out what they were talking about.Next, there was a lecture about climate change and its impact on the environment. The speaker was talking about global warming and how it's causing problems like rising sea levels and extreme weather patterns. It was pretty scary to hear about all the damage we're doing to the planet, but I know we can make a difference if we all work together to protect the environment.After that, there was a discussion between a professor and a student about a research project on renewable energy. They were talking about the benefits of solar power and wind energy, and how it can help reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. I thought it was really cool to learn about all the ways we can use clean energy to protect the Earth.The last part of the listening test was a radio program about a famous artist and his latest exhibition. They talked about his inspiration for the paintings and the different techniques he usedto create them. It was so interesting to hear about his creative process and how he expresses his ideas through art.Overall, the listening test was challenging but fun. I'm glad I got to practice my listening skills and learn some new things along the way. Can't wait to see how I did on the test!篇6Oh boy, English listening test is always the toughest for me, especially the one in December 2018. I still remember how nervous I was sitting in the exam hall, waiting for the test to start. But hey, I survived! Let me tell you all about the test in my own words.The first part of the test was about a conversation at a restaurant. The man wanted to order a steak, but the waiter said they were out of steak. The man then ordered a salad instead. It was quite easy to follow along, but I had to concentrate really hard because the voices were a bit fast.The second part was a lecture about ancient civilizations. The professor talked about the architecture of the pyramids and how they were built. It was super interesting, but some of the words were hard to understand. I tried my best to catch the main ideas.The third part was a discussion between two students about a research project. They were talking about different topics like climate change and pollution. I found this part a bit tricky because they were talking over each other, and I had to think quick to catch all the details.The fourth part was a news report about a new technology that helps blind people navigate the city. It was so cool to hear about how science can make a difference in people's lives. I was really into this part and managed to understand all the information.Overall, the listening test in December 2018 was tough but fun. I learned a lot of new words and phrases, and I'm proud of myself for getting through it. Now, I can't wait to see my scores and celebrate with my friends!篇7Hey everyone, guess what? I listened to the English listening test for the December 2018 CET-4 exam, and it was so cool! I'm going to tell you all about it, so sit back and relax.The first section was about a girl named Sarah who was looking for a job. She went to an employment agency and the agent gave her some tips on how to write a good resume. Sarahwas nervous but she tried her best and finally got a job interview. The conversation was easy to follow and I understood everything!Next, there was a talk between two students discussing their schedules for the upcoming semester. They talked about which classes to take and how to manage their time effectively. It was super helpful because I also struggle with balancing my studies and other activities.In the third section, a man and a woman were talking about different types of accommodation. They discussed the pros and cons of living in a dormitory versus renting an apartment. It was interesting to hear their different opinions.After that, there was a lecture on climate change and its impact on the environment. The speaker talked about the causes of global warming and what we can do to reduce our carbon footprint. It was a bit challenging, but I managed to grasp the main points.Lastly, there was a conversation at a restaurant where a customer was complaining about the food. The waiter apologized and offered a discount on the bill. It was a good example of how to handle customer complaints in a professional manner.Overall, I think the listening test was pretty good. It covered a variety of topics and the speakers were easy to understand. I'm feeling confident about my listening skills now, and I can't wait to see how I did on the exam. Fingers crossed for a good score!篇8Uh oh, here comes the English listening test for the December 2018 CET-4 exam. I hope I can understand everything!The first section is about a guy named Tom who lost his phone at a party. He's asking for help to find it. Oh no, poor Tom!I hope someone helps him out.Next, there's a conversation between two students talking about a presentation they have to do for class. They're discussing what topics to pick. I wonder what they'll choose?Then, there's a lecture about the history of computers. It talks about how they were invented and how they've changed over the years. It's pretty interesting stuff!After that, there's a news report about a new environmental initiative in the city. They're trying to reduce waste and protect the planet. That's so cool!Lastly, there's a discussion between a man and a woman about traveling. They're talking about their favorite places to visit and why they love traveling. I wish I could travel too!Phew, that was a lot of listening practice. I hope I did well on the test. Time to wait for the results and see how I did. Fingers crossed!篇9Hi guys! Today I'm going to tell you about the English listening test that happened in December 2018. It was super duper hard, but don't worry, I got all the deets for you!So, in the first part of the test, we had to listen to a conversation between two people. They were talking about different colleges and what kind of courses they offer. It was kinda tricky because they talked really fast, but I managed to catch most of what they were saying. They mentioned stuff like business classes, art programs, and even a cooking school!Next, we had a section where we had to listen to a lecture. The speaker was talking about climate change and how it's affecting the environment. He mentioned things like global warming, pollution, and the importance of recycling. It was reallyinteresting, but also kinda sad to hear about all the bad stuff happening to our planet.After that, we had a listening exercise where we had to listen to a group of students talking about their favorite foods. They mentioned things like pizza, hamburgers, and ice cream. It made me super hungry just listening to them talk about all that yummy food!Finally, we had a section where we had to listen to a radio program about traveling. They talked about different places to visit around the world and the best times to go. It was so cool hearing about all the amazing adventures you can have in different countries.Overall, the listening test was tough, but I think I did pretty well. I just hope I can pass and move on to the next level of English. Fingers crossed!篇10Hey guys, today I’m gonna tell you about the English CET-4 listening test in December 2018. Are you ready? Let’s go!First, there were four sections in the listening test. That’s a lot, right? But don’t worry, we can do it! The first section was aconversation between two people, like a chat between friends. They talked about everyday stuff, like what they did on the weekend or what they like to eat. Easy peasy!The second section was a monologue, where one person talked about a topic all by themselves. It was like a mini lecture, but not boring at all! They talked about things like history, science, or even funny stories. It was really interesting!After that, we had a section with some short talks. The speaker would talk about a topic and then ask a question. We had to listen carefully to catch the answer. Sometimes it was tricky, but we did our best!The last section was the toughest – a long conversation between two people. They talked about something more complicated, like a school project or a business plan. We really had to focus and concentrate on this part.Overall, the listening test wasn’t so bad. As long as we listened carefully and paid attention, we did just fine! So don’t worry, guys, we got this! Let’s keep practicing and we’ll nail the CET-4 test next time!That’s all for today, folks. Thanks for listening!。

2018 年12 月大学英语四级真题完整版（第 1 套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part ，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on thechallengesof starting a career after graduation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.A) A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse.B) A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the groundC) A rescue worker got trapped in the basementD) A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire2. A)He suffered a fatal injury in an accident.B) He once served in a fire department.C) He was collecting building materials.D) He moved into his neighbor's old house.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Improve the maths skills of high school teachers.B) Change British people’s negative view of mathsC) Help British people understand their paychecks.D) Launch a campaign to promote maths teaching.4. A) Children take maths courses at an earlier age.B) The public sees the value of maths in their life.C) British people know how to do elementary calculationsD) Primary school teachers understand basic maths concepts.Questions 5 and 6 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) He owns a fleet of aircraft.B) He is learning to be a pilot.C) He regards his royal duties as a burden.D) He held a part-time job for over 20 years6. A) He can demonstrate his superior piloting skills.B) He can change his focus of attention and relax.C) He can show his difference from other royalty.D) He can come into closer contact with his people.7. A) They enjoyed his companyB) They liked him in his uniform.C) They rarely recognised himD) They were surprised to see him.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) They were skilled carpenters themselves.B) It didn't need much capital to start withC) Wood supply was plentiful in Romania.D) They saw a business opportunity there.9. A) Provide quality furniture at affordable pricesB) Attract foreign investment to expand businessC) Enlarge their company by hiring more workersD) Open some more branch companies in Germany.10. A) They are from her hometown.B) They are imported from Germany.C) They all come from Romania.D) They come from all over the continent.11. A) All across Europe.B) Throughout the world.C) Mostly in BucharestD) In Romania onlyQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Go to a concert with him and his girlfriend.B) Try out a new restaurant together in townC) Go with him to choose a pearl for SusanD) Attend the opening of a local restaurant13. A) It is sponsored by local restaurantsB) It specializes in food advertisingC) It is especially popular with the youngD) It provides information on local events14. A) They design a special set of menus for themselves.B) They treat themselves to various entertainmentsC) They go to eat at different stylish restaurantsD) They participate in a variety of social event15. A) More restaurants will join Restaurant Week.B) This year’s Restaurant Week will start soon.C) Bigger discounts will be offered this Restaurant Week.D) More types of food will be served this Restaurant Week.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passageand the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Rewarding them for eating vegetablesB) Exposing them to vegetables repeatedlyC) Improving the taste of vegetable dishes for theD) Explaining the benefits of eating vegetables to them.17. A) They were disliked most by children.B) They were considered most nutritious.C) They were least used in Belgian cookingD) They were essential to children’s health.18. A) Vegetables differ in their nutritional value.B) Children’s eating habits can be changedC) Parents watch closely what children eat.D) Children’s choices of food vary greatly.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Space exploration has serious consequencesB) India has many space exploration programs.C) There is quite a lot to learn about the moon.D) A lot of garbage has been left on the moon.20. A) It is costly to bring back.B) It is risky to destroyC) It is of no use on Earth.D) It is damaged by radiation.21. A) Record details of space exploration.B) Monitor the change of lunar weather.C) Study the effect of radiation and vacuum on its materialsD) Explore the possibility of human settlement on the moon.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22.A) It is likely to remain a means of business communication.B) It is likely to be a competitor of various messaging appsC) It will gradually be replaced by social media.D) It will have to be governed by specific rules23. A) Save the message in their file.B) Make a timely response.C) Examine the information carefully.D) See if any action needs to be taken.24. A) It is to be passed onC) It requires no reply.B) It is mostly junkD) It causes no concern.25. A) Make it as short as possibleC) Adopt an informal style of writingB) Use simple and clear languageD) Avoid using capitals for emphasis.Part ⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank followingthe passage.Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than onc．eQuestions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.A few months ago, I was down with a terrible cold which ended with a persistent bad cough. No matter how many different 26 I tried, I still couldn ’t get rid of the cough. Not only did it 27 my teaching but also my life as a whole. Then one day after class, a student came up to me and 28 traditional Chinese medicine. From her description, Chinese medicine sounded as if it had magic power that worked wonders; I was 29 about it because I knew so little about it and have never tried it before. Eventually, my cough got so much 30 that I couldn’t sleep at night, so I decided to give it a try. The Chinese doctor took my pulse and asked to see my tongue, both of which were new 31 to me because they are both non-existent in Western medicine. Then the doctor gave me a scrapping (刮) treatment known as ‘G ua Sha’.I was a little 32 at first becausehe used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin on my neck and shoulders. A few minutes later, the 33 strokes started to produce a relieving effect and my body and mind began to 34 deeper into relaxation.I didn’t feel any improvement in my condition in the first couple of days, but after afew more regular visits to the doctor, my cough started to 35 . then, within a matter of weeks, it was completely gone!A) deepen E) lessen I) remedies M) temporaryB) experiences F) licenses J) scared N) trembleC) hesitant G) pressured K) sensitive O) worseD) inconvenience H) recommended L) sinkSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Is it really OK to eat food that’s fallen on the floor?[A] When you drop a piece of food on the floor, is it really OK to eat you pick it upwithin five seconds?An urban food myth contends that if food spends just a few seconds on the floor, dirt and germs won’t have much of a chance to contaminate it. Research in my lab has focused on how food becomes contaminated, and w’v e e done some work on this particular piece of wisdom.[B] While the “-f i s v e e c o n d rule ”might not seem like the most pressing i s s u f e o o f o d r scientists to get to the bottom of, it’s still worth investigating food myths like this one because they shape our beliefs about when food is safe to eat.[C] So is five seconds on the floor the critical threshold（门槛）that separates a piece of eatable food from a case of food poisoning? I’t s a bit more complicated than that. It depends on just how many bacteria can make it from floor to food in a few seconds and just how dirty the floor is.[D] Wondering if food is still OK to eat after it ’s dropped on the floor is a pretty common experience. And it’s probably not a new one either. A well-known, but inaccurate, story about Julia Child may have contributed to this food myth. Some viewers of her cooking show, The French Chef, insist they saw Child drop lamb on the floor and pick it up, with the advice that if they were along in the kitchen, their guests would never know.[E] In fact it was a potato pancake, and it fell on the stovetop, not on the floor. Child put it back in the pain, saying. “But you can always pickyiot u’p r e a n a d l o i n f e in the kitchen, who’s going to see it? ”But the m i s r e m s e t o m r b y e p r e r d s i s t s.It’s harder to pin down the origins of the oft-quoted five-second rule, but a 2003 study reported that 70% of women and 56% of men surveyed were familiar with the five-second rule and that women were more likely than men to eat food that had dropped on the floor.[F] So what does science tell us about what a few moments on the floor means for the safety of your food? The earliest research report on the five-second rule is attributed to Jillian Clarke, a high school student participating in are search apprenticeship at the University of Illinois. Clarke and her colleaguesinoculated floor tiles with bacteria then placed food on the tiles for varying times. They reported bacteria were transferred from the tile to gummy bears and cookies within five seconds, but didn ’t report the specific amount of bacteria that made it from the tile to the food.[G] But how much bacteria actually transfer in five seconds?In 2007, my lab at Clemson University published a study –the only peer-reviewed journal paper on this topic–in the Journal of Applied Microbiology. We wanted to know if the length of time food is in contact with a contaminated surface affected the rate of transfer of bacteria to the food. To find out, we inoculated squares of tile, carpet or wood with Salmonella. Five minutes after that, we placed either bologna or bread on the surface for 5, 30 or 60 seconds, and then measured the amount of bacteria transferred to the food. We repeated this exact protocol after the bacteria had been on the surface for two, four, eight and 24 hours.[H] We found that the number of bacteria transferred to either kind of food didn’t depend much on how long the food was in contact with the contaminated surface—whether for a few secondsor for a whole minute. The overall amount of bacteria on the surface mattered more, and this decreased over time after the initial inoculation. It looks like what ’s at issue is less how long your food stays on the floorand much more how contaminated with bacteria that patch of floor happens to be.[I] We also found that the kind of surface made a difference as well. Carpets, for instance, seem to be slightly better places to drop your food than wood or tile. Whencarpet was inoculated with Salmonella, less than 1% of the bacteria were transferred.But when the food was in contact with tile or wood, 48%-70%of bacteria transferred.[J] Last year, a study from Aston University in the UK used nearly identical parameter（s 参数）to our study and found similar results testing contact times of threeand 30 seconds on similar surfaces. They also reported that 87% of people askedeither would eat or have eaten food dropped on the floor.[K] Should you eat food fallen on the floor then? From a food safety standpoint, youhave millions or more bacteria on a surface, 0.1% is still enough to make you sick.Also, certain types of bacteria are extremely harmful and it takes only a small numberto make you sick. For example, 10 bacteria or less of an especially deadly strain ofbacteria can cause severe illness and death in people with compromised immune systems. But the chance of these bacteria being on most surfaces is very low.[L] And it’s not just dropping food on the floor that can lead to bacterial contamination. Bacteria are carried by various “media, ”w h i c h f o c o a d n,include raw moist surfaces where bacteria has been left, our hands or skin and from coughing or sneezing. Hands, foods and utensils can carry individual bacterial cells, colonies ofcells or cells living in communities contained within a protective film that provide protection. These microscopic layers of deposits containing bacteria are known as biofilms and they are found on most surfaces and objects. Biofilm communities canharbor bacteria longer and are very difficult to clean. Bacteria in these communitiesalso have an enhancedresistanceto sanitizers and antibiotics compared to bacterialiving on their own.[M] So the next time you consider eating dropped food, the odds are in your favorthat you can eat that morsel and not get sick. But in the rare chance that here is a microorganism that can make you sick on the exact spot where the food dropped, youcan be fairly sure the bug is on the food you are about to put in your mouth.[N] Research or common sense tells us that the best thing to do is to keep your handsand other surfaces clean.36. A research project found bacteria made their way to the food on the floor in five seconds.37. Whether food is contaminated depends much on the number of bacteria that getonto it.38. Food contamination may result from various factors other than food dropping onthe floor.39. Males are less likely than females to eat food that may have been contaminated.40. The author’s research center around how food gets contaminated.41. Keeping everything clean is the best way to stay healthy.42. Chances are you will not fall sick because of eating food picked up from the floor.43. For a long time people have had the experience of deciding whether or not to eatfood picked up from the floor.44. Some strains of bacteria are so harmful that a tiny few can have deadlyconsequences.45. Researcher found how many bacteria get onto the food did not have much to do with how long the food stayed on a contaminated floor.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The latest in cat researchreveals that the lovely animal seemsto have a basic grasp on both the laws of physics and the ins and outs of cause and effect.According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey（借物）using both their ears and an inborn（天生的）understanding of how the physical world worksIn a recent experiment, Japanese researchers taped 30 domestic cats reacting to a container that a team member shook. Some containers ratt（l ed发出响声）, others did not. When the container was tipped over, sometimes an object fell out and sometimesit didn’t.It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen when a container was tipped over. When an object did not drop out of the bottom of a rattling container, they looked at it for a longer time than they did when the container behaved as expected.“Cats use a causal-logical understanding of nose or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,”lead researcher Saho Takagi says in a press release. The researchers conclude that cats hunting style may have developed based on their common-sense abilities to infer where prey is, using their hearing.Scientists have explored this idea with other endearing creatures: babies. Like cats, babies appear to engage in wha’ts called “preferential looking”--looking longerat things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive as normal.When babies’expectations are violated in experiments like the ones performed with the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists have shown that babies apparently expect their world to comply with the laws of physics and cause and effect as early as two months of age.Does the study mean that cats will soon grasp the ins and outs of cause and effect? Maybe. Okay, so cats may not be the next physics faculty members at Americ’s a most important researchuniversities. But by demonstrating their common sense, they’ve shown that the divide between cats and humans may not be that great after all.Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper thandesalinating（脱盐）the ocean water in the largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Researchfrom the exhaustive study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.46. What do we learn from a newly published study about cats?A) They can be trained to understand the physical world.B) They know what kind of prey might be easier to hunt.C) They have a natural ability to locate animals they hunt.D) They are capable of telling which way their prey flees.47. What may account for the cat's response to the noise from the containers?A) Their inborn sensitivity to noise. B) Their unusual sense of direction.C) Their special ability to perceive.D) Their mastery of cause and effect.48. What is characteristic of the way cats hunt, according to the Japanese researchers?A) They depend on their instincts. C) They wait some time before attack.B) They rely mainly on their hearing. D) They use both their ears and eyes.49. In what way do babies behave like cats?A) They focus on what appears odd.B) They view the world as normal.C) They do what some time they prefer to do.D) They are curious about everything.50. What can we conclude about cats from the passage?A) They have higher intelligence than many other animals.B) They interact with the physical world much like humans.C) They display extraordinary high intelligence in hunting.D) They can aid physics professors in their research work. .Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator pedals. Under a voice-activated command, you say an address. "The fastest route will take us15. 3 minutes. Should I take it?" You say yes and you are on your way. The car responds and starts moving all by itself. All you have to do is sit back and relax.How weird would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car? No crazy driving, no insults, no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer. On the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.A new technology has the potential to change modern society in radical ways. There’s no question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit. The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop: some 94% of road accidents in the U. S. involve human error. Older drivers and visually- or physically-impaired people would gain a new level of freedom. Maintaining safe speedsand being eletric, self-driving cars would drastically reduce pollution levels and dependency on non- renewable fuels. Roads would be quieter, people safer.But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their livelihoods. According to the U. S. Department of Labor, in May 2015 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers. The American Trucking Association lists approximately 3. 5 million professional truck drivers in the U. S.The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce, many of whom will be displaced by the new techn ology. This is similar to what s happe’n ing in the coal and oil industries, a situation that fuels much of the current political discontent in this country.New technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society moves forward. However, progress can’t be one-sided. It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the ethical consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all.51. What would be the impact of the extensive use of driverless cars?A) People would be driving in a more civilized wayB) It would save local governments a lot of money.C) More policemen would be patrolling the streets.D) Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past.52. How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars?A) They could enjoy greater mobilityB) They would suffer no road accidents.C) They would have no trouble driving.D) They could go anywhere they want.53. What would be the negative impact of driverless cars?A) The conflict between labor and management would intensify.B) The gap between various sectors of society would be widened.C) Professional drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions..D) Numerous professional drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living.54. What is the result of the introduction of new technologies in energy industries? 答：B,A) Political dissatisfaction.B) Retaining of employees.C) Fossil fuel conservation.D) Business restructuring.55. What does the author suggest businesses and the government do?A) Keep pace with technological developments.B) Make new technologies affordable to everyone.C) Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies.D) Popularize the use of new technologies and devices.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passagefrom Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.过去几年里，移动支付市场在中国蓬勃发展。

2018年12月四级英语听力真题第二套Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section A News ReportDirections：In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse.B) A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the ground.C) A rescue worker got trapped in the basement.D) A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire.2.A) He suffered a fatal injury in an accident.B) He once served in a fire department.C) He was collecting building materials.D) He moved into his neighbor's old house.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) Improve the maths skills of high school teachers.B) Change British people's negative view of maths.C) Help British people understand their paychecks.D) Launch a campaign to promote maths teaching.4.A) Children take maths courses at an earlier age.B) The public sees the value of maths in their life.C) British people know how to do elementary calculations.D) Primary school teachers understand basic maths concepts.Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) He owns a fleet of aircraft.B) He is learning to be a pilot.C) He regards his royal duties as a burden.D) He held a part-time job for over 20 years.6.A) He can demonstrate his superior piloting skills.B) He can change his focus of attention and relax.C) He can show his difference from other royalty.D) He can come into closer contact with his people.7.A) They enjoyed his company.B) They liked him in his uniform.C) They rarely recognised him.D) They were surprised to see him.Section B ConversationDirections：In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once。

2018 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题(二 )Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the challenges of studyins dbroad.You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,youwill hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questionswill be spoken only once.Afier you hear aquestion,you must choose thebest answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through thecentre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse.B)A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the ground.C)A rescue worker got trapped in the basement.D)A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire.2.A)He suffered a fatal injury in an accident. C)He was collecting building materials.B)He once served in a fire department. D)He moved into his neighbor's old house. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)Improve the maths skills of high school teachers.B)Change British people's negative view of maths.C)Help British people understand their paychecks.D)Launch a campaign to promote maths teaching.4.A)Children take maths courses at an earlier age.B)The public sees the value of maths in their life.C)British people know how to do elementary calculations.D)Primary school teachers understand basic maths concepts.Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)He owns a fleet of aircraft. C)He regards his royal duties as aburden.6.A) He can demonstrate his superior piloting skills.B)He can change his focus of attention and relax.C)He can show his difference from other royalty.D)He can come into closer contact with his people.7. A)They enjoyed his company.B)They liked him in his uniform.C)They rarely recognised him.D)They were surprised to see him. Section B B)He is learning to be a pilot.D)He held a part-time job for over 20 years.Duettions:In this section,you will hear tuo long conversations.At the end of each conttersutton,you wiyrear Jour questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.Ayier you hear.question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C and D.Then marthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)They were skilled carpenters themselves. C)Wood supply was plentiful inRomania.B)It didn't need much capital to start with. D)They saw a business opportunitythere.9.A)Provide quality furniture at affordable prices.B)Attract foreign investment to expand business.C)Enlarge their company by hiring more workers.D)Open some more branch companies in Germany.10.A)They are from her hometown. C)They all come from Romania.B)They are imported from Germany. D)They come from all over the continent.11.A)All across Europe. C)Mostly in Bucharest.B)Throughout the world. D)In Romania only.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Go to a concert with him and his girlfriend. C)Go with him to choose a pearlfor Susan.B)Try out a new restaurant together in town. D)Attend the opening of a localrestaurant.13.A)It is sponsored by local restaurants. C)It is especially popular with theyoung.B)It specializes in food advertizing. D)It provides information on local events.14.A)They design a special set of menus for themselves.B)They treat themselves to various entertainments.C)They go to eat at different stylish restaurants.D)They participate in a variety of social events.15.A)More restaurants will join RestaurantWeek.B)This year's Restaurant Week will startsoon.C)Bigger discounts will be offered this Restaurant Week.D)More types of food will be served this Restaurant Week.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end ofeach passage,you will hear three offour questions.Both the passageand the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear a auestion,youmust choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)Rewarding them for eating vegetables.B)Exposing them to vegetables repeatedly.C)Improving the taste of vegetable dishes for them.D)Explaining the benefits of eating vegetables to them.17,A)They were disliked most by children. C)They were least used in Belgiancooking.B)They were considered most nutritious. D)They were essential to children'shealth.18.A)Vegetables differ in their nutritional value. C)Parents watch closely whatchildren eat.B)Children's cating habits can be changed. D)Children's choices of food varygreatly.Onestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Space exploration has serious consequences.B)India has many space exploration programs..C)There is quite a lot to learn about themoon.D)A lot of garbage has been left on the moon.20.A)It is costly to bring back.B)It is risky to destroy. C)It is of no use on Earth.D)It is damaged by radiation.21.A)Record details of space exploration.B)Monitor the change of Junar weather.C)Study the effect of radiation and vacuum on its materials.D)Explore the possibility of human settlement on the moon.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)It is likely to remain a means of business communication.B)It is likely to be a competitor of various messaging apps.C)It will gradually be replaced by social media.D)It will have to be governed by specific rules.23.A)Save the message in their file.B)Make a timely response.C)Examine the information carefully.D)See if any action needs to be taken.24.A)It is to be passed on.B)It is mostly junk.C)It requires no reply.D)It causes no concern.25.A)Make it as short as possible.B)Use simple and clear language.C)Adopt an informal style of writing.D)Avoid using capitals for emphasis.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.Have you ever used email to apologize to colleague?Delivered a 26 to a subordinate( 下属 ) with a voice-mail message?Flown by plane across the country just to deliver important news in person?The various communication options at our fingertips today can be good for 27 and productivity-and at the same time very troublesome.With so many ways to communicate,how should a manager choosethe one that's best 28 when the message to be delivered is bad or unwelcome news for the recipient?We've 29 business communication consultants and etiquette( 礼仪 )experts to come upwith the following guidelines for 30 using the alternative ways of delivering difficult messages.First of all,choose how personal you want to be,A face-to-face communication is the most 31 .Other choices,in descending order of personalization,are:a real-time phone call,a voice-mail message,a handwritten note,a tvpewritten letter,and the most 32 is email.Some of these--WORD格式-可编辑-- --完整学习资料分享----。

2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）Part I Writing (30minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad.You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words._____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse.B) A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the ground.C) A rescue worker got trapped in the basement.D) A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire.2. A) He suffered a fatal injury in an accident.B) He once served in a fire department.C) He was collecting building materials.D) He moved into his neighbor’s old house.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Improve the maths skills of high school teachers.B) Change British people’s negative view of maths.C) Help British people understand their paychecks.D) Launch a campaign to promote maths teaching.4. A) Children take maths courses at an earlier age.B) The public sees the value of maths in their life.C) British people know how to do elementary calculations.D) Primary school teachers understand basic maths concepts.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) He owns a fleet of aircraft.B) He is learning to be a pilot.C) He regards his royal duties as a burden.D) He held a part-time job for over 20 years.6. A) He can demonstrate his superior piloting skills.B) He can change his focus of attention and relax.C) He can show his difference from other royalty.D) He can come into closer contact with his people.7. A) They enjoyed his company.B) They liked him in his uniform.C) They rarely recognised him.D) They were surprised to see him.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) They were skilled carpenters themselves.B) It didn’t need much capital to start with.C) Wood supply was plentiful in Romania.D) They saw a business opportunity there.9. A) Provide quality furniture at affordable prices.B) Attract foreign investment to expand business.C) Enlarge their company by hiring more workers.D) Open some more branch companies in Germany.10. A) They are from her hometown.B) They are imported from Germany.C) They all come from Romania.D) They come from all over the continent.11. A) All across Europe.B) Throughout the world.C) Mostly in Bucharest.D) In Romania only.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Go to a concert with him and his girlfriend.B) Try out a new restaurant together in town.C) Go with him to choose a pearl for Susan.D) Attend the opening of a local restaurant.13. A) It is sponsored by local restaurants.B) It specializes in food advertizing.C) It is especially popular with the young.D) It provides information on local events.14. A) They design a special set of menus for themselves.B) They treat themselves to various entertainments.C) They go to eat at different stylish restaurants.D) They participate in a variety of social events.15. A) More restaurants will join Restaurant Week.B) This year’s Restaurant Week will start soon.C) Bigger discounts will be offered this Restaurant Week.D) More types of food will be served this Restaurant Week.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Rewarding them for eating vegetables.B) Exposing them to vegetables repeatedly.C) Improving the taste of vegetable dishes for them.D) Explaining the benefits of eating vegetables to them.17. A) They were disliked most by children.B) They were considered most nutritious.C) They were least used in Belgian cooking.D) They were essential to children’s health.18. A) Vegetables differ in their nutritional value.B) Children’s eating habits can be changed.C) Parents watch closely what children eat.D) Children’s choices of food vary greatly.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Space exploration has serous consequences.B) India has many space exploration programs.C) There is quite a lot to learn about the moon.D) A lot of garbage has been left on the moon.20. A) It is costly to bring back.B) It is risky to destroy.C) It is of no use on Earth.D) It is damaged by radiation.21. A) Record details of space exploration.B) Monitor the change of lunar weather.C) Study the effect of radiation and vacuum on its materials.D) Explore the possibility of human settlement on the moon.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is likely to remain a means of business communication.B) It is likely to be a competitor of various messaging apps.C) It will gradually be replaced by social media.D) It will have to be governed by specific rules.23. A) Save the message in their file.B) Make a timely response.C) Examine the information carefully.D) See is any action needs to be taken.24. A) It is to be passed on.B) It is mostly junk.C) It requires no reply.D) It causes no concern.25. A) Make it as short as possible.B) Use simple and clear language.C) Adopt an informal style of writing.D) Avoid using capitals for emphasis.Part ⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How a Poor, Abandoned Parisian Boy Became a Top ChefA) The busy streets in Paris were uneven and caked in thick mud, but there was always a breathtaking sight to see in the shop windows of Patisserie de la Rue de la Paix. By 1814, people crowded outside the bakery, straining for a glimpse of the latest sweet food created by the young chef who worked inside.B)His name was Marie-Antoine Carême, and he had appeared, one day, almost out of nowhere. But in his short lifetime, which ended exactly 184 years ago today, he would forever revolutionize French gourmet food （美食）, write best-selling cook books and think up magical dishes for royals and other important people.C)Carême's childhood was one part tragedy, equal part mystery. Born the 16th child to poor parents in Paris in either 1783 or 1784, a young Carême was suddenly abandoned at the height of the French Revolution. At 8 years old, he worked as a kitchen boy for a restaurant in Paris in exchange for room and board. By age 15, he had become an apprentice （学徒）to Sylvain Bailly, a well-known dessert chef with a successful bakery in one of Paris's most fashionable neighborhoods.D)Carême was quick at learning in the kitchen. Bailly encouraged his young apprentice to learn to read and write.Carême would often spend his free afternoons at the nearby National Library reading books on art and architecture. In the back room of the little bakery, his interest in design and his baking talent combined to work wonders—he shaped delicious masterpieces out of flour, butter and sugar.E)In his teenage years, Carême fashioned eatable copies of the late 18th century's most famous buildings—cookies in the shape of ruins of ancient Athens and pies in the shape of ancient Chinese palaces and temples. Sylvain Bailly, his master, displayed these luxuriant creations—often as large as 4 feet tall—in his bakery windows.F)Carême's creations soon captured the discriminating eye of a French diplomat, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord. Around 1804, Talleyrand challenged Carême to produce a full menu for his personal castle, instructing the young baker to use local, seasonal fruits and vegetables and to avoid repeating main dishes over the course of an entire year. The experiment was a grand success and Talleyrand's association with French nobility would prove a profitable connection for Carême.G) French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte was known to be unimpressed by the declining taste of early 18th century cooking, but under pressure to entertain Paris's high society, he too called Carême to his kitchen at Tuileries Palace. In 1810, Carême designed the extraordinary cake for the wedding of Napoleon and his second bride, Marie-Louise of Austria. He became one of the first modern chefs to focus on the appearance of his table, not just the flavor of his dishes. “I want orde r and taste. A well-displayed meal is enhanced one hundred percent in my eyes,” he later wrote in one of his cook books.H)In 1816, Carême began a culinary (烹饪的) journey which would forever mark his place as history's first top chef. He voyaged to England to cook in the modern Great Kitchen of the prince regent (摄政王)，George Ⅳ, and crossed continents to prepare grand banquets for the tables of Tsar Alexander Ⅰ of Russia. Never afraid to talk up his own accomplishments, a boastful Carême made a fortune as wealthy families with social ambitions invited him to their kitchens. Later, in his cook books, he would often include a sketch of himself, so that people on the street would be able to recognize—and admire—him.I)Carême's cooking displays became the symbol of fine French dining; they were plentiful, beautiful and imposing. Guests would fall silent in wonder as servants carried Carême's fancy creations into the dining hall. For a banquet celebrating the Grand Duke Nicholas of Russia's visit to George Ⅳ's Brighton Pavillion on Jan. 18, 1817, the menu featured 120 different dishes, highlighting eight different soups, 40 main courses, and 32 desserts.J)As he traveled through the homes of early 19th century nobility, Carême forged the new art of French gourmet food. Locked in hot kitchens, Carême created his four “mother sauces.” These sauces—béchamel, velouté, espagnole and allemande—formed the central building blocks for many French main courses. He also perfected the soufflé—a baked egg dish, and introduced the standard chef's uniform—the same double-breasted white coat and tall white hat still worn by many chefs today. The white clothing conveyed an image of cleanliness, according to Carême—and in his realm, appearance was everything.K)Between meals, Carême wrote cook books that would be used in European kitchens for the next century. His manuals including The Royal Parisian Baker and the massive five-volume Art of French Cooking Series (1833-1847, completed after his death) first systematized many basic principles of cooking, complete with drawings and step-by-step directions. Long before televis ion cooking shows, Carême walked readers through common kitchen tasks, instructing them to “try this for yourself, at home” as famous American Chef Julia Child might do, many years later.L）In the end, however，it was the kitchen that did Carême in. Decades of working over coal fires in tight, closed spaces with little fresh air (to ensure his dishes would not get cold) had fatally damaged his lungs. On Jan. 12, 1833, Carême died just before he turned 50.M）But in his lifetime, Carême, ever confident, could see beyond his short domination in the kitchen. He wanted to “set the standard for beauty in classical and modern cooking, and prove to the distant future that the French chefs of the 19th century were the most famous in the world,” as he wrote in his pap ers.N）Decades later, chef Auguste Escoffier would build upon Carême's concept of French cuisine （烹饪）. But in the very beginning, there was just Carême, the top chef who elevated dining into art.36. Carême was among the first chefs who stressed both the appearance and flavor of dishes.37. Carême wanted to show to later generations that French chefs of his time were most outstanding in the world.38. Carême benefited greatly from serving a French diplomat and his connections.39. Carême learned his trade from a famous dessert chef in Paris.40. Carême's creative works were exhibited in the shop windows by his master.41. Carême's knowledge of art and architecture helped him create extraordinary desserts out of ordinary ingredients.42. Many people in Paris were eager to have a look at the latest sweet food made by Carême.43. Carême became extremely wealthy by cooking for rich and socially ambitious families.44. Carême's writings dealt with fundamental cooking principles in a systematic way.45. Carême's contribution to French cooking was revolutionary.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.Roughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless gadget may be turning friends away from your home. The elephant in your living room is your Internet-connected security camera, a device people are increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes. But few stop to think about the effect these devices may have on house guests. Should you tell your friends, for instance, that they're being recorded while you all watch the big game together?“It's certainly new territory, especially as home security cameras become easier to install,” says Lizzie P ost, president of the Emily Post Institute, America's foremost manners advisors. “I think it will be very interesting to see what etiquette （礼仪）emerges in terms of whether you tell people you have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if it's not a security issue.”Post wants to make clear that she's not talking about legal rights, but rather personal preferenc. She also wants to explain that there are no right or wrong answers regarding manners on this front yet, because the technology is just now becoming mainstream. Besides, the Emily Post Institute doesn't dictate manners.When it comes to security cameras, Post says it's a host's responsibility to make sure guests feel comfortable within their home. “I'm always a fan of being open and honest.”For instance, if the host casually acknowledges that there is a camera in the room by telling a story about it, that may be enough to provide an opening for a guest to say if they are u ncomfortable.However, if a contractor is working in your home, you don't need to tell them that there are cameras watching. Then again, the air of accountability that the camera generates can also work in contractors' favor. “If anything does go wrong while they're in the house, they don't want to be blamed for it,”she says. “In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they didn't steal the $20, or knock the vase off the table.”46.For what reason may your friends feel reluctant to visit your home?A) The security camera installed may intrude into their privacy.B) They don’t want their photos to be circulated on the Internet.C) The security camera may turn out to be harmful to their health.D) They may not be willing to interact with your family members.47.What does Lizzie Post say is new territory?A) The effect of manners advice on the public.B) Cost of applying new technologies at home.C) The increasing use of home security devices.D) Etiquette around home security cameras.48. What is Lizzie Post mainly discussing with regard to the use of home security cameras?A) Legal rights. C) Likes and dislikes of individuals.B)Moral issues D) The possible impact on manners.49. What is a host’s responsibility regarding security cameras, according to Lizzie Post?A) Making their guests feel at ease.B) Indicating where they are.C) Turning them off in time.D) Ensuring their guests’ privacy.50. In what way can the home security camera benefit visitors to your home?A) It can satisfy their curiosity.B) It can prove their innocence.C) It can help them learn new technology.D) It can make their visit more enjoyable.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.PepsiCo is to spend billions of dollars to develop drinks and snacks and reformulate existing ones with lower sugar, salt and fat, as consumers demand healthier options and regulatory pressure intensifies amid an obesity epidemic （流行病）.The maker of Mountain Dew and Gatorade has been one of the earlier movers in the industry to offer products with reduced levels of unhealthy ingredients—PepsiCo claims a packet of its chips now contains less salt than a slice of white bread. However, its new 10-year plan makes clear it believes it still has a long way to go.Shifting eating habits, including a sharp drop in consumption of sparkling drinks, have forced radical change on the industry. But those shifts have yet to be reflected in record obesity levels, which stand at 36.5% overall in the US.Indra Nooyi, PepsiCo chairman, said the plan to make its products healthier was important for the company's growth. But on the subject of obesity, she pointed out that consumers’ lifestyles have changed significantly, with many people being more sedentary （久坐不动的）not least because more time is spent in front of computers. She said PepsiCo's contribution was to produce healthier snacks that still tasted good.“Society has to change its habits,”she added. “We can't do much to alter sedentary lifestyles, but we can provide consumers with great-tasting products, low in salt, sugar and fat. In the past we had to have a taste trade-off. But we're breaking that trade-off.”PepsiCo's plan for its foods and drinks is based on guidelines from the World Health Organisation, which last week backed using taxes on sparkling drinks to reduce sugar consumption. Initiatives also include efforts to reduce its environmental impact, water consumption and materials used in packaging by 2025.PepsiCo did not say exactly how much it planned to invest to reach its goals. However, Dr Mehmood Khan, chief scientific officer, said the company had doubled research and development spending in the past five years and was “committed to sustaining investment”, adding that companies cannot cost-cut their way to increasing sales. PepsiCo's research and development budget in 2015 was $754 million.51.Why is PepsiCo making a policy change?A) To win support from the federal government.B) To be more competitive in the global market.C) To satisfy the growing needs for healthy foods.D) To invest more wisely in the soft drink industry.52. What does PepsiCo think it will have to do in the future?A) Invest more to develop new snacks.B) Reduce levels of obesity in the US.C) Change consumers’ eating habits.D) Keep on improving its products.53. Why does PepsiCo plan to alter its products, according to Indra Nooyi?A) To ensure the company’s future development.B) To adapt to its customers’ changed taste.C) To help improve its consumers’ lifestyles.D) To break the trade-off in its product design.54. What does Indra Nooyi say about the obesity epidemic?A) It is mainly caused by overconsumption of snacks.B) It results from high sugar and salt consumption.C) It is attributable to people’s changed lifestyles.D) It has a lot to do with longer working hours.55. What has PepsiCo been doing to achieve its objective?A) Studying WHO’s guidelines. B) Increasing its research funding.C) Expanding its market overseas. D) Cutting its production costs.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.越来越多的中国人现在的确离不开手机了。

2018年12月News 1A device that weighs less than one kilogram is part of a mission that willallow scientists to deliver fourth generation or 4G mobile coverage to the moonin 2019.If successful，the tiny device will provide the moon with its first evermobile phone network.The lunar network will support high definition streamingof video and data between the moon and earth.The network is part of a missionto the moon.This is a project with the goal of landing the first privately paid formission to the moon.youdaokaoshen The 4G mission is set to launch from CapeCanaveral in the United States on a space X Falcon 9 rocket in 2019.Mission tothe moon intends to establish and test the first elements of a communicationsnetwork on the moon.The scientists working on the project opted to build a 4Grather than a fifth generation or 5G network.This is because fifth generationnetworks are still in testing and trial phases.This means that a 5G network maynot yet be stable enough to work on the moon‘s surfaceQuestion 1：What are scientists planning to do？Question 2：Why did scientists choose to set up a 4G network in theirmission？News 2It‘s responded to a fire Wednesday night at an abandoned mall inHeywood.The fire was reported at 9：26 pm at an old shopping center on，two trucks and twoMichigan Avenue near St.Mary’s Church.Six fire engineschiefs responded to the scene.Crews had the fire under control in about 45minutes and managed to contain the fire to its point of origin.youdaokaoshenThere were some people inside the building when the fire broke out but therewere no reports of any injuries.Fire investigators have responded to the scenebut have not yet determined the cause of the fire.Firefighters will remain on thescene until later this morning to ensure that the fire doesn‘t start up again.The。

2018年12月四级英语听力真题第一套Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section A News ReportDirections：In this section，you will hear threenews re ports。

At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions。

Both thenews report and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question，yo u mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A ），B），C）and D）。

Then mark thecorresponding letter o n Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2019.B) Design a new generation of mobile phones.C) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon.D) Gather data from the moon with a tiny device.2. A) It is stable.B) It is durable.C) It is inexpensive.D) It is sophisticated.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) It lasted more than six hours.B) No injuries were yet reported.C) Nobody was in the building when it broke out.D) It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighter s arrived.4. A) Recruit and train more firefighters.B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.C) Turn the shopping mall into an amusement park.D) Find money to renovate the local neighborhood.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Shrinking potato farming.B) Heavy reliance on import.C) Widespread plant disease.D) Insufficient potato supply.6. A) It intends to keep its traditional diet.B) It wants to expand its own farming.C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.D) It is worried about unfair competition.7. A) Global warming.B) Ever-rising prices.C) Government regulation.D) Diminishing investment.Section B ConversationDirections: In this section,you will hear two long the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Bo th the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only you hear a must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B, C, D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 wit h a single line through the center.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Informative.B) Inspiring.C) Dull.D) Shallow.9. A) She types on a keyboard.B) She does recording.C) She takes photos.D) She takes notes.10. A) It keeps her mind active.B) It makes her stay awake.C) It enables her to think hard.D) It helps her kill time.11. A) It enables her to improve her pronunciation.B) It helps her better remember what she learns.C) It turns out to be an enjoyable way of learning.D) It proves to be far more effective than writing.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you ha ve just heard.12. A) To spend her honeymoon.B) To try authentic Indian food.C) To take photos of the Taj Mahal.D) To trace the origin of a love story.13. A) In memory of a princess.B) In honor of a great emperor.C) To mark the death of an emperor of the 1600s.D) To celebrate the birth of a princess's 14th child.14. A) It looks older than expected.B) It is built of wood and bricks.C) It stores lots of priceless antiques.D) It has walls decorated with jewels.15. A) Their streets are narrow.B) They are mostly crowded.C) Each one has a unique character.D) Life can be tedious in some places.Section C PassageDirections：In this section,you will hear three the en d of each passage,you will hear three or four questions。

2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第二套完整版）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) A rescue worker got trapped in the basement.B) A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire.C) A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the ground.D) A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse.2. A) He once served in a fire department.B) He was collecting building materials.C) He suffered a fatal injury in an accident.D) He moved into his neighbor’s old house.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) Launch a campaign to promote maths teaching.B) Help British people understand their paychecks.C) Change British people，s negative view of maths.D) Improve the maths skills of high school teachers.4.A) Primary school teachers understand basic maths concepts.B)British people know how to do elementary calculations.C)The public sees the value of maths in their life.D)Children take maths courses at an earlier age.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) He is learning to be a pilot.B) He owns a fleet of aircraft.C) He regards his royal duties as a burden.D) He held a part-time job for over 20 years.6. A) He can change his focus of attention and relax.B) He can demonstrate his superior piloting skills.C) He can show his difference from other royalty.D) He can come into closer contact with his people.7. A) They enjoyed his company.B) They rarely recognised him.C) They were surprised to see him.D) They liked him in his uniform.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 arebased on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) They saw a business opportunity there.B) Wood supply was plentiful in Romania.C) It didn’t need much capital to start with.D) They were skilled carpenters themselves.9. A) Open some more branch companies in Germany.B) Enlarge their company by hiring more workers.C) Attract foreign investment to expand business.D) Provide quality furniture at affordable prices.10. A) They are from her hometown.B) They all come from Romania.C) They are imported from Germany.D) They come from all over the continent.11. A) Throughout the world.B) Mostly in Bucharest.C) All across Europe.D) In Romania only.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Attend the opening of a local restaurant.B) Go with him to choose a pearl for Susan.C) Try out a new restaurant together in town.D) Go to a concert with him and his girlfriend.13. A) It provides information on local events.B) It is especially popular with the young.C) It specializes in food advertising.D) It is sponsored by local restaurants.14. A) They participate in a variety of social events.B) They go to eat at different stylish restaurants.C) They treat themselves to various entertainments.D) They design a special set of menus for themselves.15. A) More types of food will be served this Restaurant WeekB) Bigger discounts will be offered this Restaurant WeekC) More restaurants will join Restaurant Week.D) This year’s Restaurant Week will start soon.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four —Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) Explaining the benefits of eating vegetables to them.B) Exposing them to vegetables repeatedly.C) Improving the taste of vegetable dishes for themD) Rewarding them for eating vegetables.17. A) They were considered most nutritious.B) They were essential to children’s health.C) They were least used in Belgian cookingD) They were disliked most by children.18. A) Children's choices of food vary greatly.B) Parents watch closely what children eat.C) Children's eating habits can be changed.D) Vegetables differ in their nutritional value.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) A lot of garbage has been left on the moon.B) There is quite a lot to learn about the moon.C) India has many space exploration programs.D) Space exploration has serious consequences.20. A) It is risky to destroy.B) It is of no use on Earth.C) It is costly to bring back.D)It is damaged by radiation.21. A) Record details of space exploration,B) Monitor the change of lunar weather.C) Explore the possibility of human settlement on the moon.D) Study the effect of radiation and vacuum on its materials. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It will have to be governed by specific rules.B) It will gradually be replaced by social media.C) It is likely to be a competitor of various messaging apps.D) It is likely to remain a means of business communication.23. A) Make a timely response.B) Save the message in their file.C) See if any action needs to be taken.D) Examine the information carefully.24. A) It is to be passed on.B) It requires no reply.C)It causes no concern.D) It is mostly junk.25. A) Make it as short as possible.B) Use simple and clear language.C) Avoid using capitals for emphasis.D) Adopt an informal style of writing.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Have you ever used email to apologize to a colleague? Delivered a__26__ to a subordinate（下属）with a voice-mail message? Flown by plane across the country just to deliver important news in person? The various communication options at our fingertips to lay can be good for__27__ and productivity—and at the same time very troublesome. With so many ways to communicate, how should a manager choose the oneth at’s best— __28__ when the message to be delivered is bad or unwelcome news for the recipient? We’ve __29__ business communication consultants and etiquette（礼仪）experts to come up with the following guidelines for__30__ using the alternative ways of delivering difficult messages.First of all, choose how personal you want to be. A face-to-face communication is the most __31__. Other choices, in descending order of personalization, are: a real-time phone call, a voice-mail message, a handwritten note, a typewritten letter, and the most __3__ is email. Some of these may change order according to the __33__ situation or your own preferences; for example, a handwritten note might seem more personal than voice-mail. How do you decide on the best choice for the difficult Message you’ve got to deliver? “My __34__ concern is: How can I soften or civilize this message?” says etiquette expert Dana Casperson. “ So when I apologize, I usually choose in-person first, or a phone conversation as my top alternative, and maybe a handwritten note next. Apologizing by email is something I now totally __35__.”A) avoidB) convenienceC) effectivelyD) escapeE) intimateF) particularlyG) primaryH) promptI) rewardj) silentK) specificL) surveyedM) unfriendlyN) warningO) witnessedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How a Poor, Abandoned Parisian Boy Became a Top ChefA)The busy streets in Paris were uneven and caked in thick mud, but there was always a breathtaking sight to see in the shop windows of Patisserie de la Rue de la Paix. By 1814, people crowded outside the bakery, straining for a glimpse of the latest sweet food created by the young chef who worked inside.B) His name was Marie-Antoine Careme, and he had appeared, one day, almost out of nowhere. But in his short lifetime, which ended exactly 184 years ago today, he would forever revolutionize French gourmet food （美食)，write best-selling cook books and think up magical dishes for royals and other important people.C) Careme's childhood was one part tragedy, equal part mystery. Born the 16th child to poor parents in Paris in either 1783 or 1784, a young Careme was suddenly abandoned at the height of the French Revolution. At 8 years old, he worked as a kitchen boy for a restaurant in Paris in exchange for room and board. By age 15, he had become an apprentice（学徒）to Sylvain Bailly, a well-known dessert chef with a successful bakery in one of Paris’ most fashionable neighborhoods.D) Careme was quick at learning in the kitchen. Bailly encouraged his young apprentice to learn to read and write. Careme would often spend his free afternoons at the nearby National Library reading books on art and architecture. In the back room of the little bakery, his interest in design and his baking talent combined to work wonders—he shaped delicious masterpieces out of flour, butter and sugar.E) In his teenage years, Careme fashioned eatable copies of the late 18th century’s most famo us buildings一cookies in the shape of ruins of ancient Athens and pies in the shape of ancient Chinese palaces andtemples. Sylvain Bailly, his master, displayed these luxuriant creations一often as large as 4 feet tall—in his bakery windows.F) Careme's creations soon captured the discriminating eye of a French diplomat, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-P6rigord. Around 1804, Talleyrand challenged Careme to produce a full menu for his personal castle, instructing the young baker to use local, seasonal fruits and vegetables and to avoid repeating main dishes over the course of an entire year. The experiment was a grand success and Talleyrand’s association with French nobility would prove a profitable connection for Careme.G) French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte was known to be unimpressed by the declining taste of early 18th century cooking, but under pressure to entertain Paris’ high society, he too called Careme to his kitchen at Tuileries Palace. In 1810, Careme designed the extraordinary cake for the wedding of Napoleon and his second bride, Marie-Louise of Austria. He became one of the first modem chefs to focus on the appearance of his table, not just the flavor of his dishes. “I want order and taste. A well-displayed meal is enhanced one hundred percent in my e yes,” he later wrote in one of his cook books.H) In 1816, Careme began a culinary（烹饪的）journey which would forever mark his place as history’s first top chef. He voyaged to England to cook in the modem Great Kitchen of the prince regent（摄政王)，George IV, and crossed continents to prepare grand banquets for thetables of Tsar Alexander I of Russia. Never afraid to talk up his own accomplishments, a boastful Careme made a fortune as wealthy families with social ambitions invited him to their kitchens. Later, in his cook books, he would often include a sketch of himself, so that people on the street would be able to recognize—and —admire—him.I)Careme's cooking displays became the symbol of fine French dining; they were plentiful, beautiful and imposing. Guests would fall silent in wonder as servants carried Careme's fancy creations into the dining hall. For a banquet celebrating the Grand Duke Nicholas of Russia’s visit to George IV’s Brighton Pavillion on Jan. 18, 1817, the menu featured 120 different dishes, highlighting eight different soups, 40 main courses, and 32 desserts.J)As he traveled through the homes of early 19th century nobility, Careme forged the new art of French gourmet food. Locked in hot kitchens, Careme created his four “mother sauces.” These sauces—bechamel, veloute, espagnole and allemande—formed the central building blocks for many French main courses. He also perfected the soufifle—a baked egg dish, and introduced the standard chefs uniform—the same double- breasted white coat and tall white hat still worn by many chefs today. The white clothing conveyed an image of cleanliness, according to Careme—and in his realm, appearance was everything.K)Between meals, Careme wrote cook books that would be used in European kitchens for the next century. His manuals including The Royal Parisian Baker and the massive five-volume Art of French Cooking Series (1833-1847, completed after his death) first systematized many basic principles of cooking, complete with drawings and step-by-step directions. Long before television cooking shows, Careme walked readers through common kitchen tasks, instructing them to “try this for yourself, at home” as famous American Chef Julia Child might do, many years later.L) In the end, however, it was the kitchen that did Careme in. Decades of working over coal fires in tight, closed spaces with little fresh air (to ensure his dishes would not get cold) had fatally damaged his lungs. On Jan. 12, 1833, Careme died just before he turned 50.M) But in his lifetime, Careme, ever confident, could see beyond his short domination in the kitchen. He wanted to ”set the standard for beauty in classical and modem cooking, and prove to the distant future that the French chefs of the 19th century were the most famous in the world,” as he wrote in his papers.N) Decades later, chef Auguste Escoffier would build upon Careme’s concept of French cuisine （烹任）.But in the very beginning, there was just Careme, the top chef who elevated dining into art.36.Careme was among the first chefs who stressed both the appearance and flavor of dishes.37. Careme wanted to show to later generations that French chefs of his time were most outstanding in the world.38. Careme benefited greatly from serving a French diplomat and his connections.39. Careme learned his trade from a famous desert chef in Paris.40. Careme’s creative works were exhibited in the shop windows by his master.41.Careme’s knowledge of art and architecture helped him create extraordinary desserts out of ordinary ingredients.42. Many people in Paris were eager to have a look at the latest sweet food made by Careme.43. Careme became extremely wealthy by cooking for rich and socially ambitious families.44. Careme’s writing dealt with the fundamental cooking principles in a systematic way.45. Careme's contribution to French cooking was revolutionary.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Roughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless gadget may be turning friends away from your home. The elephant in your living room is your Internet-connected security camera, a device people are increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes. But few stop to think about the effect these devices may have on house guests. Should you tell your friends, for instance, that they’re being recorded while you all watch the big game together?“It’s certainly new territory, especially as home security cameras become easier to install,” say s Lizzie Post, president of the Emily Post Institute, America's foremost manners advisors. “I think it will be very interesting to see what etiquette （礼仪）emerges in terms of whether you tell people you have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if it’s not a security issue.”Post wants to make clear that she’s not talking about legal rights, but rather personal preferences. She also wants to explain that there are no right or wrong answers regarding manners on this front yet, because the technology is just now becoming mainstream. Besides, the Emily Post Institute doesn’t dictate manners.When it comes to security cameras, Post says it’s a host’s responsibility to make sure guests feel comfortable within their home. “I’m always a fan of being open and honest.” For instance, if the host casually acknowledges that there is a camera in the room by telling a story about it, that may be enough to provide an opening for a guest to say if they are uncomfortable.However, if a contractor is working in your home, you don’t need to tell them that there are cameras watching. Then again, the air of accountability that the camera generates can also work in contractors* favor. “If anything does go wrong while they’re in the house, they don’t want to be blamed for it,” she says. “In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they didn’t steal the $20, or knock the vase off the table.”46.For what reason may your friends feel reluctant to visit your home?A) The security camera installed may intrude into their privacy.B) They don’t want their photos to be circulated on the Internet.C) The security camera may turn out to be harmful to their health.D) They may not be willing to interact with your family members.47. What does Lizzie Post say is new territory?A) The effect of manners advice on the public.B) Cost of applying new technologies at home.C) The increasing use of home security devices.D) Etiquette around home security cameras.48. What is Lizzie Post mainly discussing with regard to the use of home security cameras?A) Legal rights.B) Moral issues.C) Likes and dislikes of individuals.D) The possible impact on manners.49. What is a host’s responsibility regarding security cameras, according to Lizzie Post?A) Making their guests feel at ease.B) Indicating where they are.C) Turning them off in time.D) Ensuring their guests，privacy.50.In what way can the home security camera benefit visitors to your home?A) It can satisfy their curiosity.B)It can prove their innocence.C) It can help them learn new technology.D) It can make their visit more enjoyable.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.PepsiCo is to spend billions of dollars to develop drinks and snacks and reformulate existing ones with lower sugar, salt and fat, as consumers demand healthier options and regulatory pressure intensifies amid an obesity epidemic（流行病）.The maker of Mountain Dew and Gatorade has been one of the earlier movers in the industry to offer products with reduced levels of unhealthy ingredients—PepsiCo claims a packet of its chips now contains less salt than a slice of white bread. However, its new 10-year plan makes clear it believes it still has a long way to go.Shifting eating habits, including a sharp drop in consumption of sparkling drinks, have forced radical change on the industry. But thoseshifts have yet to be reflected in record obesity levels, which stand at 36.5% overall in the US.Indra Nooyi, PepsiCo chairman, said the plan to make its products healthier was important for the company’s growth. But on the subject of obesity, she pointed out that consumers’ lifestyles have changed significantly, with many people being more sedentary（久坐不动的）not least because more time is spent in front of computers. She said PepsiCo’s contribution was to produce healthier snacks that still tasted good.“Society has to change its habits,” she added. “We can’t do much to alter sedentary lifestyles, but we can provide consumers with great-tasting products, low in salt, sugar and fat. In the past we had to have a tastetrade-off. But we’re breaking that trade-off.”PepsiCo’s plan for its foods and drinks is based on guidelines fromthe World Health Organisation, which last week backed using taxes on sparkling drinks to reduce sugar consumption. Initiatives also include efforts to reduce its environmental impact, water consumption and materials used in packaging by 2025.PepsiCo did not say exactly how much it planned to invest to reachits goals. However, Dr Mehmood Khan, chief scientific officer, said the company had doubled research and development spending in the past fiveyears and was “committed to sustaining investment”，adding that companies cannot cost-cut their way to increasing sales. PepsiCo’s research and development budget in 2015 was $754 million.51.Why is PepsiCo making a policy change?A) To win support from the federal government.B) To be more competitive in the global market.C) To satisfy the growing needs for healthy foods.D) To invest more wisely in the soft drink industry.52.What does PepsiCo think it will have to do in the future?A) Invest more to develop new snacks.B) Reduce levels of obesity in the US.C) Change consumers’ eating habits.D)Keep on improving its products.53.Why does PepsiCo plan to alter its products, according to Indra Nooyi?A)To ensure the company’s future development.B) To adapt to its customers’ changed taste.C) To help improve its consumers’ lifestyles.D) To break the trade-off in its product design.54. What does Indra Nooyi say about the obesity epidemic?A) It is mainly caused by overconsumption of snacks.B) It results from high sugar and salt consumption.C) It is attributable to people’s changed lifestyles.D) It has a lot to do with longer working hours.55.What has PepsiCo been doing to achieve its objective?A)Studying WHO，s guidelines.B)Increasing its research funding.C)Expanding its market overseas.D)Cutting its production costs.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.越来越多的中国人现在的确离不开手机了。

Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studyins dbroad.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.Afier you hear aquestion,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse.B)A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the ground.C)A rescue worker got trapped in the basement.D)A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire.2.A)He suffered a fatal injury in an accident. C)He was collecting building materials.B)He once served in a fire department. D)He moved into his neighbor's old house. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)Improve the maths skills of high school teachers.B)Change British people's negative view of maths.C)Help British people understand their paychecks.D)Launch a campaign to promote maths teaching.4.A)Children take maths courses at an earlier age.B)The public sees the value of maths in their life.C)British people know how to do elementary calculations.D)Primary school teachers understand basic maths concepts.Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)He owns a fleet of aircraft. B)He is learning to be a pilot.C)He regards his royal duties as a burden. D)He held a part-time job for over 20 years.6.A) He can demonstrate his superior piloting skills.B)He can change his focus of attention and relax.C)He can show his difference from other royalty.D)He can come into closer contact with his people.7. A)They enjoyed his company.B)They liked him in his uniform.C)They rarely recognised him.D)They were surprised to see him.Section BDuettions:In this section,you will hear tuo long conversations.At the end of each conttersutton,you wiyrear Jour questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.Ayier you hear.question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C and D.Then marthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)They were skilled carpenters themselves. C)Wood supply was plentiful in Romania.B)It didn't need much capital to start with. D)They saw a business opportunity there.9.A)Provide quality furniture at affordable prices.B)Attract foreign investment to expand business.C)Enlarge their company by hiring more workers.D)Open some more branch companies in Germany.10.A)They are from her hometown. C)They all come from Romania.B)They are imported from Germany. D)They come from all over the continent.11.A)All across Europe. C)Mostly in Bucharest.B)Throughout the world. D)In Romania only.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Go to a concert with him and his girlfriend. C)Go with him to choose a pearl for Susan.B)Try out a new restaurant together in town. D)Attend the opening of a local restaurant.13.A)It is sponsored by local restaurants. C)It is especially popular with the young.B)It specializes in food advertizing. D)It provides information on local events.14.A)They design a special set of menus for themselves.B)They treat themselves to various entertainments.C)They go to eat at different stylish restaurants.D)They participate in a variety of social events.15.A)More restaurants will join Restaurant Week.B)This year's Restaurant Week will start soon.C)Bigger discounts will be offered this Restaurant Week.D)More types of food will be served this Restaurant Week.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three offour questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a auestion,youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)Rewarding them for eating vegetables.B)Exposing them to vegetables repeatedly.C)Improving the taste of vegetable dishes for them.D)Explaining the benefits of eating vegetables to them.17,A)They were disliked most by children. C)They were least used in Belgian cooking.B)They were considered most nutritious. D)They were essential to children's health.18.A)Vegetables differ in their nutritional value. C)Parents watch closely what children eat.B)Children's cating habits can be changed. D)Children's choices of food vary greatly. Onestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Space exploration has serious consequences.B)India has many space exploration programs..C)There is quite a lot to learn about the moon.D)A lot of garbage has been left on the moon.20.A)It is costly to bring back. C)It is of no use on Earth.B)It is risky to destroy. D)It is damaged by radiation.21.A)Record details of space exploration.B)Monitor the change of Junar weather.C)Study the effect of radiation and vacuum on its materials.D)Explore the possibility of human settlement on the moon.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)It is likely to remain a means of business communication.B)It is likely to be a competitor of various messaging apps.C)It will gradually be replaced by social media.D)It will have to be governed by specific rules.23.A)Save the message in their file.B)Make a timely response.C)Examine the information carefully.D)See if any action needs to be taken.24.A)It is to be passed on.B)It is mostly junk.C)It requires no reply.D)It causes no concern.25.A)Make it as short as possible.B)Use simple and clear language.C)Adopt an informal style of writing.D)Avoid using capitals for emphasis.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.Have you ever used email to apologize to colleague?Delivered a 26 to a subordinate(下属) with a voice-mail message?Flown by plane across the country just to deliver important news in person?The various communication options at our fingertips today can be good for 27 and productivity-and at the same time very troublesome.With so many ways to communicate,how should a manager choosethe one that's best 28 when the message to be delivered is bad or unwelcome news for the recipient?We've 29 business communication consultants and etiquette(礼仪)experts to come upwith the following guidelines for 30 using the alternative ways of delivering difficult messages.First of all,choose how personal you want to be,A face-to-face communication is the most 31 .Other choices,in descending order of personalization,are:a real-time phone call,a voice-mail message,a handwritten note,a tvpewritten letter,and the most 32 is email.Some of these。

2018年12月份真题卷（二）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)特别说明：由于多题多卷，官方第二套真题的听力试題与第三套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此，本套试卷不再提供听力部分。

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A few months ago, I was down with a terrible cold which ended in a persistent bad cough. No matter how many different __26__ I tried, I still couldn’t get rid of the cough. Not only did it __27__ my teaching but also my life as a whole. Then one day after class, a student came up to me and __28__ traditional Chinese medicine. From her description, Chinese medicine sounded as if it had magic power that worked wonders. I was __29__ because I knew so little about it and have never tried it before. Eventually, my cough got so much __30__. that I couldn’t sleep at night, so I decided to give it a try. The Chinese doctor took my pulse and asked to see my tongue, both of which were new __31__ to me because they are both non-existent in Western medicine. Then the doctor gave me a scraping（刮）treatment known as ‘Gua Sha’. I was a little __32__ at first because he used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin on my neck and shoulders. A few minutes later, the __33__ strokes started to produce a relieving effect and my body and mind began to __34__ deeper into relaxation. I didn’t feel any improvement in my condition in the first couple of days, but after a few more regular visits to the doctor, my cough started to __35__. Then, within a matter of weeks, it was completely gone!A) deepen B) experiences C) hesitant D) inconvenience E) lessen F) licensesG) pressured H) recommended I)remedies J)scared K)sensitiveL)sink M)temporary N)tremble O)worseSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Is It really OK to eat food that’s fallen on the floor?[A]When you drop a piece of food on the floor, is it really OK to eat if you pick it up within five seconds? An food myth contends that if food spends just a few seconds on the floor, dirt and germs won’t have much chance to contaminate it. Research in my lab has focused on how food becomes contaminated, and we’ve done some work on this particular piece of wisdom.[B]While the ‘five-second rule’ might not seem like the most pressing issue for food scientists to get to the bottom of, it’s still worth investigating food myths like this one because they shape our beliefs about when food is safe to eat.[C]So is five seconds on the floor the critical threshold（门槛）that separates a piece of eatable food from a case of food poisoning? It’s a bit more complicated than that. It depends on just how many bacteria can make it from floor to food in a few seconds and just how dirty the floor is.[D]Wondering is food is still OK to eat after it’s dropped on the floor is a pretty common experience. And it’s probably not a new one either. A well-known, but inaccurate, story about Julia Child may have contributed to this food myth. Some viewers of her cooking show, The French Chef, insist they saw Child drop lamb on the floor and pick it up, with the advice that if they were alone in the kitchen, their guests would never know.[E]In fact it was a potato pancake, and it fell on the stovestop, not on the floor. Child put it back in the pan, saying, “But you can always pick it up and if you’re alone in the kitchen, who’s going to see it?” But the misremembered story persists. It’s harder to pin down the origins of the oft-quoted five-second rule, but a 2003 study reported that 70% of women were more likely than men to eat food that had dropped on the floor.[F]So what does science tell us about what a few moments on the floor means for the safety of your food? The earliest research report on the five-second rule is attributed to Jillian Clarke, a high school student participating in a research project at the University of Illinois. Clark and her colleagues introduced bacteria transferred from the tiles to the cookies on the tiles for varying times. They reported bacteria were transferred from the tiles to the cookies within five seconds, but didn’t report the specific amount of bacteria that made it from the tiles to the food.[G]But how many bacteria actually transfer in five seconds? In 2007, my lab at Clemson University published a study in the Journal of Applied Microbiology. We wanted to know if the length of time food is in contact with a contaminated surface affected the rate of transfer of bacteria to the food. To find out, we introduced bacteria to squares of tile, carpet or wood. Five minutes after that, we placed either bacon or bread on the surface for 5, 30 or 60 seconds, and then measured the number of bacteria transferred to the food. We repeated this exact procedure after the bacteria had been on the surface for 2,4,8 and 24 hours.[H]We found that the number of bacteria transferred to either kind of food didn’t depend much on how long the food was in contact with the contaminated surface — whether for a few seconds or for a whole minute. The overall number of bacteria on the surface mattered more, and thisdecreased over time after the initial introduction. It looks like what’s at issue is less how long your food stays on the floor and much more how contaminated with bacteria that patch of floor happens to be.[I]We also found that the kind of surface made a difference as well. Carpets, for instance, seem to be slightly better places to drop your food than wood or tile. When a carpet was contaminated, less than 1% of the bacteria were transferred. But when the food was in contact with tile or wood, 48 - 70% of bacteria were.[J]Last year, a study from Aston University in the UK used nearly identical parameters（参数）to our study and found similar results. They also reported that 87% of people asked either would eat or had eaten food fallen on the floor.[K] Should you eat food fallen on the floor then? From a food safety standpoint, if you have millions or more bacteria on a surface, 0.1% is still enough to make you sick. Also, certain types of bacteria are extremely harmful, and it takes only a small number to make you sick. For example, 10 bacteria or less of an especially deadly strain of bacteria can cause severe illness and death in people with compromised immune systems. But the chance of these bacteria being on most surfaces is very low.[L] And it’s not just dropping food on the floor that can lead to bacterial contamination. Bacteria are carried by various ‘media’, which can include raw food, moist surfaces where bacteria have been left, our hands or skin and from coughing or sneezing（打喷嚏）. Hands, foods and utensils （器皿）can carry individual bacteria living in communities contained within a protective film. These microscopic layers of deposits containing bacteria are known as biofilms and they are found on most surfaces and objects. Biofilm communities can harbor bacteria longer and are very difficult to clean. Bacteria in these communities also have an enhanced resistance to sanitizers （清洁剂）and antibiotics compared to bacteria living on their own.[M] So the next time you consider eating fallen food, the odds are in your favor that you can eat it without getting sick. But in the rare chance that there is a micro-organism that can make you sick on the exact spot where the food dropped, you can be fairly sure that the bug is on the food you are about to put in your mouth.[N] Research or common sense tells us that the best thing to do is keep your hands, utensils and other surfaces clean.36. A research project found bacteria made their way to the food on the floor in five seconds.37. Whether food is contaminated depends much on the number of bacteria that get onto it.38. Food contamination may result from various factors other than food dropping on the floor.39. Males are less likely than females to eat food that may have been contaminated.40. The author’s research centers around how food gets contaminated.41. Keeping everything clean is the best way to stay healthy.42. Chances are you will not fall sick because of eating food picked up from the floor.43. For a long time people have had the experience of deciding whether or not to eat food picked up from the floor.44.Some strains of bacteria are so harmful that a tiny few can have deadly consequences.45.Researchers found how many bacteria got onto the food did not have much to do with how long the food stayed on a contaminated floor.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The latest in cat research reveals that the lovely animal seems to have a basic grasp on both the laws of physics and the ins and outs of cause and effect.According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey （猎物）using both their ears and an inborn（天生的）understanding of how the physical world works.In a recent experiment, Japanese researchers taped 30 domestic cats reacting to a container that a team member shook. Some containers rattled（发出响声）；others did not. When the container was tipped over, sometimes an object fell out and sometimes it didn’t.It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen when a container was tipped over. When an object did not drop out of the bottom of a rattling container, they looked at it for a longer time than they did when the container behaved as expected.“Cats use a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,” lead researcher S aho Takagi says in a press release. The researchers conclude that cats’ hunting style may have developed based on their common-sense abilities to infer where prey is, using their hearing.Scientists have explored this idea with other endearing creatures: babies. Like cats, babies appear to engage in what’s called “preferential looking” —looking longer at things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive as normal.When babies’ expectations are violated in experiments like the ones perform ed with the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists have shown that babies apparently expect their world to comply with the laws of physics and cause and effect as early as two months of age.Does the study mean that cats will soon grasp the ins and outs of cause and effect? Maybe. Okay,so cats may not be the next physics faculty members at America’s most important research universities. But by demonstrating their common sense, they’ve shown that the divide between cats and humans may not be that great after all.46. What do we learn from a newly published study about cats?A) They can be trained to understand the physical world.B) They know what kind of prey might be easier to hunt.C) They have a natural ability to locate animals they hunt.D) They are capable of telling which way their prey flees.47. What may account for the cats’ response to the noise from the containers?A) Their inborn sensitivity to noise.B) Their unusual sense of direction.C) Their special ability to perceive.D) Their mastery of cause and effect.48.What is characteristic of the way cats hunt, according to the Japanese researchers?A) They depend on their instincts.B) They rely mainly on their hearing.C) They wait some time before attack.D) They use both their ears and eyes.49. In what way do babies behave like cats?A) They focus on what appears odd.B) They view the world as normal.C) They do what they prefer to do.D) They are curious about everything.50. What can we conclude about cats from the passage?A) They have higher intelligence than many other animals.B) They interact with the physical world much like humans.C) They display extraordinarily high intelligence in hunting.D) They can aid physics professors in their research work.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator pedals（踏板）.Under a voice-activated command, you say an address. “The fastest route will take us 15.3 minutes. Should I take it?”You say “yes”and you are on your way. The car responds and starts moving all by itself. All you have to do is sit back and relax.How weird would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car? No crazy driving, no insults, no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer. On the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.A new technology has the potential to change modem society in radical ways. There’s no question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit. The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop: some 94% of road accidents in the U.S. involve human error. Older drivers and visually- or physically-impaired people would gain a new level of freedom. Maintaining safe speeds and being electric, self-driving cars would drastically reduce pollution levels and dependency on non-renewable fuels. Roads would be quieter, people safer.But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their livelihoods. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, in May 2015 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers. The American Trucking Association lists approximately 3.5 million professional truck drivers in the U.S.The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce, many of whom will be displaced by the new technology. This is similar to what’s happening in the coal and oil industries, a situation that fuels much of the current political discontent in this country.New technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society moves forward. However, progress can’t be one-sided. It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the ethical consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all.51. What would be the impact of the extensive use of driverless cars?A) People would be driving in a more civilized way.B) It would save local governments a lot of money.C) More policemen would be patrolling the streets.D) Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past.52.How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars?A) They could enjoy greater mobility.B) They would suffer no road accidents.C) They would have no trouble driving.D) They could go anywhere they want.53. What would be the negative impact of driverless cars?A) The conflict between labor and management would intensify.B) The gap between various sectors of society would be widened.C) Professional drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions.D) Numerous professional drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living.54. What is the result of the introduction of new technologies in energy industries?A) Political dissatisfaction.B) Retraining of employees.C) Fossil fuel conservation.D) Business restructuring.55. What does the author suggest businesses and the government do?A) Keep pace with technological developments.B) Make new technologies affordable to everyone.C) Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies.D) Popularize the use of new technologies and devices.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.过去几年里，移动支付市场在中国蓬勃发展。

2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）Part I Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.在这一部分，你将听到三条新闻报道。

2018 年12 月大学英语四级考试真题(二 )Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studyins dbroad.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,youwill hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.Afier you hear aquestion,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse.B)A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the ground.C)A rescue worker got trapped in the basement.D)A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire.2.A)He suffered a fatal injury in an accident. C)He was collecting building materials.B)He once served in a fire department. D)He moved into his neighbor's old house. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)Improve the maths skills of high school teachers.B)Change British people's negative view of maths.C)Help British people understand their paychecks.D)Launch a campaign to promote maths teaching.4.A)Children take maths courses at an earlier age.B)The public sees the value of maths in their life.C)British people know how to do elementary calculations.D)Primary school teachers understand basic maths concepts.Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)He owns a fleet of aircraft. B)He is learning to be a pilot.C)He regards his royal duties as a burden. D)He held a part-time job for over 20 years.6.A) He can demonstrate his superior piloting skills.B)He can change his focus of attention and relax.C)He can show his difference from other royalty.D)He can come into closer contact with his people.7. A)They enjoyed his company.B)They liked him in his uniform.C)They rarely recognised him.D)They were surprised to see him.Section BDuettions:In this section,you will hear tuo long conversations.At the end of each conttersutton,you wiyrear Jour questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.Ayier you hear.question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C and D.Then marthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)They were skilled carpenters themselves. C)Wood supply was plentiful in Romania.B)It didn't need much capital to start with. D)They saw a business opportunity there.9.A)Provide quality furniture at affordable prices.B)Attract foreign investment to expand business.C)Enlarge their company by hiring more workers.D)Open some more branch companies in Germany.10.A)They are from her hometown. C)They all come from Romania.B)They are imported from Germany. D)They come from all over the continent.11.A)All across Europe. C)Mostly in Bucharest.B)Throughout the world. D)In Romania only.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Go to a concert with him and his girlfriend. C)Go with him to choose a pearl for Susan.B)Try out a new restaurant together in town. D)Attend the opening of a local restaurant.13.A)It is sponsored by local restaurants. C)It is especially popular with the young.B)It specializes in food advertizing. D)It provides information on local events.14.A)They design a special set of menus for themselves.B)They treat themselves to various entertainments.C)They go to eat at different stylish restaurants.D)They participate in a variety of social events.15.A)More restaurants will join Restaurant Week.B)This year's Restaurant Week will start soon.C)Bigger discounts will be offered this Restaurant Week.D)More types of food will be served this Restaurant Week.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three offour questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear a auestion,youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)Rewarding them for eating vegetables.B)Exposing them to vegetables repeatedly.C)Improving the taste of vegetable dishes for them.D)Explaining the benefits of eating vegetables to them.17,A)They were disliked most by children. C)They were least used in Belgian cooking.B)They were considered most nutritious. D)They were essential to children's health.18.A)Vegetables differ in their nutritional value. C)Parents watch closely what children eat.B)Children's cating habits can be changed. D)Children's choices of food vary greatly. Onestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Space exploration has serious consequences.B)India has many space exploration programs..C)There is quite a lot to learn about the moon.D)A lot of garbage has been left on the moon.17.A)It is costly to bring back. C)It is of no use on Earth.B)It is risky to destroy. D)It is damaged by radiation.18.A)Record details of space exploration.B)Monitor the change of Junar weather.C)Study the effect of radiation and vacuum on its materials.D)Explore the possibility of human settlement on the moon.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)It is likely to remain a means of business communication.B)It is likely to be a competitor of various messaging apps.C)It will gradually be replaced by social media.D)It will have to be governed by specific rules.20.A)Save the message in their file.B)Make a timely response.C)Examine the information carefully.D)See if any action needs to be taken.21.A)It is to be passed on.B)It is mostly junk.C)It requires no reply.D)It causes no concern.22.A)Make it as short as possible.B)Use simple and clear language.C)Adopt an informal style of writing.D)Avoid using capitals for emphasis.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.Have you ever used email to apologize to colleague?Delivered a 26 to a subordinate( 下属) with a voice-mail message?Flown by plane across the country just to deliver important news in person?The various communication options at our fingertips today can be good for 27 and productivity-and at the same time very troublesome.With so many ways to communicate,how should a manager choosethe one that's best 28 when the message to be delivered is bad or unwelcome news for the recipient?We've 29 business communication consultants and etiquette( 礼仪)experts to come upwith the following guidelines for 30 using the alternative waysof delivering difficult messages.First of all,choose how personal you want to be,A face-to-face communication is the most31 .Other choices,in descending order of personalization,are:a real-time phone call,a voice-mail message,a handwritten note,a tvpewritten letter,and the most 32 is email.Some of these。

201年12 月大学英语四级真题完好版（第 1 套）8Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part ， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of starting a career after graduation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension(25 minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.A)A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse.B)A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the groundC)A rescue worker got trapped in the basementD)A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire2.A)He suffered a fatal injury in an accident.B) He once served in a fire department.C) He was collecting building materials.D) He moved into his neighbor's old house.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Improve the maths skills of high school teachers.B) Change British people’ s negative view of mathsC)Help British people understand their paychecks.D)Launch a campaign to promote maths teaching.4.A) Children take maths courses at an earlier age.B) The public sees the value of maths in their life.C) British people know how to do elementary calculationsD) Primary school teachers understand basic maths concepts.Questions 5 and 6 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) He owns a fleet of aircraft.B) He is learning to be a pilot.C)He regards his royal duties as a burden.D)He held a part-time job for over 20 years6.A) He can demonstrate his superior piloting skills.B) He can change his focus of attention and relax. C)He can show his difference from other royalty. D) Hecan come into closer contact with his people.7.A) They enjoyed his companyB)They liked him in his uniform.C)They rarely recognised himD)They were surprised to see him.Section BDirections : In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) They were skilled carpenters themselves.B) It didn't need much capital to start withC) Wood supply was plentiful in Romania.D) They saw a business opportunity there.9.A) Provide quality furniture at affordable prices B)Attract foreign investment to expand business C)Enlarge their company by hiring more workers D)Open some more branch companies in Germany.10.A) They are from her hometown.B)They are imported from Germany.C)They all come from Romania.D)They come from all over the continent.11.A) All across Europe.B) Throughout the world.C) Mostly in Bucharest D)In Romania onlyQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) Go to a concert with him and his girlfriend.B) Try out a new restaurant together in townC)Go with him to choose a pearl for SusanD)Attend the opening of a local restaurant13.A) It is sponsored by local restaurantsB) It specializes in food advertisingC) It is especially popular with the youngD) It provides information on local events14.A) They design a special set of menus for themselves.B) They treat themselves to various entertainmentsC)They go to eat at different stylish restaurantsD)They participate in a variety of social event15.A) More restaurants will join Restaurant Week.B) This year ’ s Restaurant Week will start soon.C) Bigger discounts will be offered this Restaurant Week. D)More types of food will be served this Restaurant Week.Section CDirections : In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) Rewarding them for eating vegetablesB) Exposing them to vegetables repeatedlyC)Improving the taste of vegetable dishes for theD)Explaining the benefits of eating vegetables to them.17.A) They were disliked most by children.B) They were considered most nutritious. C)They were least used in Belgian cookingD) They were essential to children’ s health.18.A) Vegetables differ in their nutritional value.B) Children ’ s eating habits can be changedC)Parents watch closely what children eat.D)Children ’ s choices of food vary greatly.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Space exploration has serious consequencesB)India has many space exploration programs.C)There is quite a lot to learn about the moon.D)A lot of garbage has been left on the moon.20.A) It is costly to bring back.B) It is risky to destroyC) It is of no use on Earth. D)It is damaged by radiation.21.A) Record details of space exploration.B)Monitor the change of lunar weather.C)Study the effect of radiation and vacuum on its materialsD)Explore the possibility of human settlement on the moon.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) It is likely to remain a means of business communication.B) It is likely to be a competitor of various messaging appsC)It will gradually be replaced by social media.D)It will have to be governed by specific rules23.A) Save the message in their file.B) Make a timely response.C) Examine the information carefully. D)See if any action needs to be taken.24.A) It is to be passed onC) It requires no reply.B) It is mostly junkD) It causes no concern.25.A) Make it as short as possible C)Adopt an informal style of writing B)Use simple and clear language D)Avoid using capitals for emphasis.Part ⅢReading Comprehension( 40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required toselect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank followingthe passage.Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Eachchoice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter foreach item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not useany of the words in the bank more than once．Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.A few months ago, I was down with a terrible cold which ended with a persistentbad cough. No matter how many different 26 I tried, I still couldn ’ t get rid of the cough. Not only did it 27 my teaching but also my life as a whole. Then one dayafter class, a student came up to me and 28 traditional Chinese medicine. Fromher description, Chinese medicine sounded as if it had magic power that worked wonders; I was 29 about it because I knew so little about it and have never triedit before. Eventually, my cough got so much 30 that I couldn ’ t sleep at night, soI decided to give it a try. The Chinese doctor took my pulse and asked to see my tongue,both of which were new 31 to me because they are both non-existent in Western medicine. Then the doctor gave me a scrapping 刮( ) treatment known as ‘ Gua Sha’ . I was a little 32 at first because he used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin onmy neck and shoulders. A few minutes later, the 33 strokes started to produce a relieving effect and my body and mind began to 34 deeper into relaxation.I didn ’ t feel any improvement in my condition in the first couple of days, but after afew more regular visits to the doctor, my cough started to 35 . then, within amatter of weeks, it was completely gone!A) deepen E) lessen I) remedies M) temporaryB) experiences F) licenses J) scared N) trembleC) hesitant G) pressured K) sensitive O) worseD) inconvenience H) recommended L) sinkSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identifythe paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraphmore than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Is it really OK to eat food that’ s fallen on the floor?[A]When you drop a piece of food on the floor, is it really OK to eat you pick it upwithin five seconds?An urban food myth contends that if food spends just a fewseconds on the floor, dirt and germs won ’ t have much of a chance to contaminate it. Research in my lab has focused on how food becomes contaminated, and we ’ ve done some work on this particular piece of wisdom.[B] While the “ five-second rule ” might not seem like the most pressing issue for food scientists to get to the bottom of, it ’ s still worth investigating food myths like this one because they shape our beliefs about when food is safe to eat.[C] So is five seconds on the floor the critical threshold（门槛） that separates a pieceof eatable food from a case of food poisoning? It ’ s a bit more complicated than that. It depends on just how many bacteria can make it from floor to food in a few seconds andjust how dirty the floor is.[D] Wondering if food is still OK to eat after it ’droppeds on the floor is a prettycommon experience. And it ’probablys not a new one either. A well-known, butinaccurate, story about Julia Child may have contributed to this food myth. Someviewers of her cooking show, The French Chef, insist they saw Child drop lamb on thefloor and pick it up, with the advice that if they were along in the kitchen, their guestswould never know.[E] In fact it was a potato pancake, and it fell on the stovetop, not on the floor. Childput it back in the pain, saying. “ But you can always pick it up and if you ’ re a kitchen, who ’ s going to see it? ” But the misremembered story persists. It ’ s ha pin down the origins of the oft-quoted five-second rule, but a 2003 study reportedthat 70% of women and 56% of men surveyed were familiar with the five-second ruleand that women were more likely than men to eat food that had dropped on the floor.[F]So what does science tell us about what a few moments on the floor means for thesafety of your food? The earliest research report on the five-second rule is attributed toJillian Clarke, a high school student participating in are search apprenticeship at theUniversity of Illinois. Clarke and her colleagues inoculated floor tiles with bacteria thenplaced food on the tiles for varying times. They reported bacteria were transferred fromthe tile to gummy bears and cookies within five seconds, but didn’ t report the spec amount of bacteria that made it from the tile to the food.[G] But how much bacteria actually transfer in five seconds? In 2007, my lab atClemson University published a study–the only peer-reviewed journal paper on thistopic – in the Journal of Applied Microbiology. We wanted to know if the length of timefood is in contact with a contaminated surface affected the rate of transfer of bacteriato the food. To find out, we inoculated squares of tile, carpet or wood with Salmonella.Five minutes after that, we placed either bologna or bread on the surface for 5, 30 or 60seconds, and then measured the amount of bacteria transferred to the food. We repeatedthis exact protocol after the bacteria had been on the surface for two, four, eight and 24hours.[H] We found that the number of bacteria transferred to either kind of food didn ’ tdepend much on how long the food was in contact with the contaminated surface—whether for a few seconds or for a whole minute. The overall amount of bacteria on thesurface mattered more, and this decreased over time after the initial inoculation. It lookslike what ’ s at issue is less how long your food stays on the floor and much more how contaminated with bacteria that patch of floor happens to be.[I] We also found that the kind of surface made a difference as well. Carpets, for instance, seem to be slightly better places to drop your food than wood or tile. Whencarpet was inoculated with Salmonella, less than 1% of the bacteria were transferred.But when the food was in contact with tile or wood, 48%-70%of bacteria transferred.[J]Last year, a study from Aston University in the UK used nearly identical parameters（参数） to our study and found similar results testing contact times of three and 30seconds on similar surfaces. They also reported that 87% of people asked either wouldeat or have eaten food dropped on the floor.[K]Should you eat food fallen on the floor then? From a food safety standpoint, you have millions or more bacteria on a surface, 0.1% is still enough to make you sick. Also, certaintypes of bacteria are extremely harmful and it takes only a small number to makeyou sick. For example, 10 bacteria or less of an especially deadly strain of bacteriacan cause severe illness and death in people with compromised immune systems. Butthe chance of these bacteria being on most surfaces is very low.[L] And it’ s not just dropping food on the floor that can lead to bacterial contamination. Bacteria are carried by various “ media, ” which can include raw food, moist surfaces where bacteria has been left, our hands or skin and from coughing or sneezing. Hands,foods and utensils can carry individual bacterial cells, colonies of cells or cells living in communities contained within a protective film that provide protection. Thesemicroscopic layers of deposits containing bacteria are known as biofilms and they arefound on most surfaces and objects. Biofilm communities can harbor bacteria longerand are very difficult to clean. Bacteria in these communities also have an enhanced resistance to sanitizers and antibiotics compared to bacteria living on their own.[M]So the next time you consider eating dropped food, the odds are in your favorthat you can eat that morsel and not get sick. But in the rare chance that here is a microorganism that can make you sick on the exact spot where the food dropped, youcan be fairly sure the bug is on the food you are about to put in your mouth.[N]Research or common sense tells us that the best thing to do is to keep your handsand other surfaces clean.36.A research project found bacteria made their way to the food on the floor infive seconds.37.Whether food is contaminated depends much on the number of bacteria thatget onto it.38.Food contamination may result from various factors other than food droppingon the floor.39.Males are less likely than females to eat food that may have been contaminated.40.The author ’ s research center around how food gets contaminated.41.Keeping everything clean is the best way to stay healthy.42.Chances are you will not fall sick because of eating food picked up from the floor.43.For a long time people have had the experience of deciding whether or not toeat food picked up from the floor.44.Some strains of bacteria are so harmful that a tiny few can have deadlyconsequences.45.Researcher found how many bacteria get onto the food did not have much todo with how long the food stayed on a contaminated floor.Section CDirections : There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The latest in cat research reveals that the lovely animal seems to have a basicgrasp on both the laws of physics and the ins and outs of cause and effect.According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict thelocation of hiding prey（借物） using both their ears and an inborn（天生的）understanding of how the physical world worksIn a recent experiment, Japanese researchers taped 30 domestic cats reacting toa container that a team member shook. Some containers rattled（发出响声） , othersdid not. When the container was tipped over, sometimes an object fell out andsometimes it didn ’ t.It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen whena container was tipped over. When an object did not drop out of the bottom of arattling container, they looked at it for a longer time than they did when the containerbehaved as expected.“ Catsuse a causal-logical understanding of nose or sounds to predict theappearance of invisible objects, ” lead researcher Saho Takagi says in a press release. The researchers conclude that cats hunting style may have developed based on their common-sense abilities to infer where prey is, using their hearing.Scientists have explored this idea with other endearing creatures: babies. Like cats, babies appear to engage in what ’ calleds “ preferentialooking ” --lookinglongerat things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive as normal.When babies ’ expectations are violated in experiments like the ones performedwith the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists have shown thatbabies apparently expect their world to comply with the laws of physics and cause andeffect as early as two months of age.Does the study mean that cats will soon grasp the ins and outs of cause and effect? Maybe. Okay, so cats may not be the next physics faculty members at America ’ s m important research universities. But by demonstrating their common sense, they ’ veshown that the divide between cats and humans may not be that great after all.Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper than2018年12月大学英语四级真题完整版(第2套)_共13页desalinating（脱盐） the ocean water in the largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Research from the exhaustive study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.46.What do we learn from a newly published study about cats?A) They can be trained to understand the physical world.B) They know what kind of prey might be easier to hunt.C)They have a natural ability to locate animals they hunt.D)They are capable of telling which way their prey flees.47.What may account for the cat's response to the noise from the containers?A) Their inborn sensitivity to noise.B) Their unusual sense of direction. C)Their special ability to perceive. D)Their mastery of cause and effect.48.What is characteristic of the way cats hunt, according to the Japanese researchers?A) They depend on their instincts.C) They wait some time before attack.B) They rely mainly on their hearing.D) They use both their ears and eyes.49.In what way do babies behave like cats?A) They focus on what appears odd.B) They view the world as normal.C) They do what some time they prefer to do.D) They are curious about everything.50.What can we conclude about cats from the passage?A)They have higher intelligence than many other animals.B)They interact with the physical world much like humans.C)They display extraordinary high intelligence in hunting.D)They can aid physics professors in their research work. .Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator pedals. Under a voice-activated command, you say an address. "The fastest route will take us2018年12月大学英语四级真题完整版(第2套)_共13页15.3 minutes. Should I take it?" You say yes and you are on your way. The car respondsand starts moving all by itself. All you have to do is sit back and relax.How weird would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car? No crazydriving, no insults, no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected and driving muchsafer. On the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement andtown budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.A new technology has the potential to change modern society in radical ways.There ’nos question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit. Thepotential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop: some 94% of roadaccidents in the U. S. involve human error. Older drivers and visually- or physically-impaired people would gain a new level of freedom. Maintaining safe speeds andbeing eletric, self-driving cars would drastically reduce pollution levels and dependencyon non- renewable fuels. Roads would be quieter, people safer.But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who nowdepend on driving for their livelihoods. According to the U. S. Department of Labor, inMay 2015 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers. The American TruckingAssociation lists approximately 3. 5 million professional truck drivers in the U. S.The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with stateand federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce, many of whomwill be displaced by the new technology. This is similar to what’ s happening in the and oil industries, a situation that fuels much of the current political discontent inthis country.New technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society movesforward. However, progress can ’ t be one-sided. It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the ethical consequences of these potential changesto build a better future for all.51.What would be the impact of the extensive use of driverless cars?A) People would be driving in a more civilized wayB) It would save local governments a lot of money.C)More policemen would be patrolling the streets.D)Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past.52.How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars?A) They could enjoy greater mobilityB) They would suffer no road accidents.C) They would have no trouble driving.D) They could go anywhere they want.53.What would be the negative impact of driverless cars?A)The conflict between labor and management would intensify.B)The gap between various sectors of society would be widened.C)Professional drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions.D)Numerous professional drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living.2018年12月大学英语四级真题完整版(第2套)_共13页54.What is the result of the introduction of new technologies in energy industries? 答： B,A)Political dissatisfaction.B)Retaining of employees.C)Fossil fuel conservation.D)Business restructuring.55.What does the author suggest businesses and the government do?A) Keep pace with technological developments.B)Make new technologies affordable to everyone.C)Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies.D)Popularize the use of new technologies and devices.Part ⅣTranslation(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passagefrom Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.过去几年里，挪动支付市场在中国蓬勃发展。

【导语】学⽽不思则罔，在掌握知识点之后将其运⽤在解题中才是学习的好⽅法。

为您提供了“2018年12⽉英语四级听⼒真题详解”，欢迎阅读参考！更多相关讯息请关注！ Part IIListening Comprehension(30 minutes) News 1 【1】A device that weighs less than one kilogram is part of a mission that will allow scientists to deliver fourth generation or 4G mobile coverage to the moon in 2019. If successful， the tiny device will provide the moon with its first ever mobile phone network. The lunar network will support high definition streaming of video and data between the moon and earth. The network is part of a mission to the moon. This is a project with the goal of landing the first privately paid for mission to the moon. The 4G mission is set to launch from Cape Canaveral in the United States on a space X Falcon 9 rocket in 2019. Mission to the moon intends to establish and test the first elements of a communications network on the moon. The scientists working on the project opted to build a 4G rather than a fifth generation or 5G network.【2】This is because fifth generation networks are still in testing and trial phases.This means that a 5G network may not yet be stable enough to work on the moon‘s surface Question 1：What are scientists planning to do? Question 2：Why did scientists choose to set up a 4G network in their mission? News 2 It‘s responded to a fire Wednesday night at an abandoned mall in Heywood. The fire was reported at 9：26 pm at an old shopping center on Michigan Avenue near St. Mary’s Church. Six fire engines， two trucks and two chiefs responded to the scene. Crews had the fire under control in about 45 minutes and managed to contain the fire to its point of origin.【3】There were some people inside the building when the fire broke out but there were no reports of any injuries. Fire investigators have responded to the scene but have not yet determined the cause of the fire. Firefighters will remain on the scene until later this morning to ensure that the fire doesn‘t start up again. The shopping mall had not been in use since 2002.【4】In 2014 City Hall developed a plan to knock down the building and replace it with affordable housing. However the plan was dropped due to lack of funds.Question 3：What does the news item say about the fire? Question4：What had City Hall planned to do? News 3 【5】Potato chips in Japan are being sold for 6X their normal price.This is after the country‘s main manufacturer stopped sales due to a potato shortage. Storms and floods and its main potato growing region last year caused the worst harvest and more than 3 decades. Local media reports suggest Calbee and its main rival Koike-ya are halting almost 50 products.“We don‘t know when we’ll be able to restart”， a company spokesman said. Snack lovers are panic buying and many supermarket shelves are bare. Japanese laws limit the amount of imported potatoes that can be used in Japanese made products.【6】Japan says fear of disease is its main reason to block fresh imports. It still only allows potatoes from selected US states. This is only at certain times and on condition that they are processed at factories based near Japanese ports.【7】But global warming has raised the possibility that domestic produce could be seriously affected by rare weather events more often.Question 5：What problem is Japan facing? 5. 【解析】本题依旧采⽤新闻⾸句出题原则，且出现时间定位词after和原因定位词dueto Question 6：Why does Japan limit the import of potatoes? 6.【解析】本题直接采⽤定位词原则，新闻表达定位词says后直接听到什么选什么.由Japan says fear of disease is its main reason to block fresh imports可知 Question 7：What might affect Japanese domestic produce? 7. 【解析】本题为新闻末尾句出题原则，直接转折类定位词but后听到什么选什么.由But global warming has raised the possibility that domestic produce could be seriously affected by rare weather events more often可知 Conversation 1 M：【8】Mr. Brown‘s lectures are so boring.W： Yes， he is not a very exciting speaker. But the subject is interesting.M： During every one of his lectures， I try to listen I really try.Butafter about 10 minutes my mind begins to wander and I lose concentration. But I see that you seem to be OK. How do you stay focused through the entire hour? W：【9】Well， what I do is keep my pen moving.M： What do you mean? W： It‘s a method of active concentration I read about.One of the most effective ways to concentrate is to write things down.But it has to be done by hand， not typing on a keyboard. You see writing by hand forces you to actually engage with what you’re learning in a more physical way.M： Do you review your notes afterwards then? W： Sometimes but that‘s not important. My notes may or may not be useful but the point is that by writing down what Mr. Brand says I can follow his line of thinking more easily. In fact， sometimes I draw a little too.M：You draw in class and that helps me pay attention? W： Yes， honestly it works for me. I just draw little lines and nonsense really. It was also in that article I read.【10】It can keep the mind active， prevent getting bored and help to concentrate.Again the point is to listen hard while keeping the pen moving. If I‘m at home and I need to study what I do is read out loud.【11】It has a similar effect to writing by hand. It helps memorize information in a physical way. Question 8: What does the man think of Mr. Brown’s lectures? 8.【解析】前两组对话第⼀题原则.Question 9: What does the woman do during Mr. Brown’s lectures? 9.【解析】语⽓词定位词well Question 10: Why does the woman draw in class? 10.【解析】前有逻辑类定位词so Question 11: What does the woman say about reading out loud? 11.【解析】对话末尾句出题原则 Conversation 2 M： And where is this? F ：【12】These photos are from the Taj Mahal in India. We went there about ten years ago for our honeymoon. M： Was it romantic. F： Yeah. The Taj Mahal was a very romantic place. The guide told us there is a famous love story behind this building that all Indians learn in school. I think it was during the 1600 and the princess at that time died while giving birth to her 14th child.【13】The Emperor loved the princess so much and was so sad when she died that he ordered the palace to be built in her honor. M： Wow ! That sounds very romantic. It looks amazing. F：【14】Yes it‘s gorgeous. It’s also larger in real life than it looks in the photos. The building is very tall and there are gardens in a wall around it all. It‘s all built in this white stone and some walls of the building are decorated with jewels. M ：It must have been very crowded when you were there. F：Yes it‘s a very famous tourist destination. So there are thousands of visitors every day. M： Was the rest of India crowded? F：【15】Yes， very crowded in many cities. It was sometimes so crowded that it was difficult to walk along the streets especially through busy markets. And there are so many cars. Traffic was terrible but the people were friendly. The culture is amazing and we had a great time. M：What about the food? F： the Indian food is great. There are lots of different dishes to try and every region has its own special food. Question 12. For what purpose did the woman go to India? 12.【解析】前两组对话出答案，直接听到什么选什么. Question 13. Why was the Taj Mahal built? 13.【解析】定位词so重复出现表强调. Question 14. What does the woman say about the Taj Mahal? 14.【解析】极端类定位词all Question 15 what is the woman‘s impression of Indian cities? 15.【解析】本题可以直接采⽤重复原则crowded. Passage 1 【16】A Pew Research Center survey of more than 1000 Americans conducted in April 2016 finds that Americans continue to express largely positive views about the current state of their local public libraries. For instance, around three quarters say that public libraries provide them with the resources they need and 66 percent say the closing of their localpublic library would have a major impact on their community. Although notably just 33 percent say this would have a major impact on them personally or on their family.A majority of Americans feel libraries are doing a good job of providing a safe place for people to hang out or spend time as well as opening up educational opportunities for people of all ages and【17】roughly half think their libraries contribute a lot to their communities in terms of helping spark creativity among young people and providing a trusted place for people to learn about new technologies. As in past Pew Research Center surveys of library use the 【18】April 2016 survey also measured Americans usage of and engagement with libraries.Overall， 53 percent of Americans ages 16 and older have had some interaction with the puppet library in the past year either through an in person visit or using a library Web site some 48 percent of adults specifically visited a library in the past 12 months. A modest increase from the 44 percent who said that in late 2015.Question 16：What do most Americans say about local public libraries? 16.【解析】表达类定位词find Question 17：how can local public libraries benefit young people? 17.【解析】强调类关键词majority Question 18：what does the 2016 survey show about adult library users? 18.【解析】逻辑类关键词also Passage 2 【19】A Savannah cat is a crossbreed between a domestic cat and a medium-sized wild African cat called the Serval.The unusual cross became popular among breeders at the end of the 1990s. And in 2001， the International Cat Association accepted it as a new registered breed.【20】The savannahs are tall and slim and can weigh up to nine point one kilograms， making them one of the largest breeds of cats that people can own.They have a spotted code similar to that of many types of wild cats and their ears are very large.They are also commonly compared to dogs in their loyalty and can be trained to walk on a lead and to fetch， and often noted characteristic of the Savannah is its jumping ability. They are known to jump on top of doors and high cabinets. Some can leap about2.5 metres high from a standing position. Cats are typically known for being very inquisitive and so are the Savannahs. They often learn how to open doors and cupboards. Many Savannah cats do not fear water and will play with or even dive into water.【21】 Some owners even shower with their Savannah Cats， presenting a water bowl to Savannah may also prove a challenge， as some will promptly begin to bat all the water out of the bowl until it is empty using their front paws. Question 19. What do we learn about the savannah cat? 19.【解析】⾸句原则. Question 20. What is characteristic of Savannah cats? Question 21 What do some people do with their Savannah cats? Passage 3 【22】When children start school for the very 1st time parents often feel a sense of excitement coupled with a touch of sadness at the end of an era. This is the start of a new adventure for children playing and interacting with new friends sharing， taking turns and settling into a new routine. But of course， this is not the start of your child‘s education which【23】 in fact began at birth. Back then， u would have been your child’s most influential teachers. During this time at home，ur child would have learnt more than at any other period in their life. During your child‘s first year in school much time will be spent in learning to read and they need to know that this is fun and worthwhile.【24】Ur child will naturally copy u so it is important that u are seen reading and enjoying books newspapers and magazines rather than just absorbed in screens. Ultimately an excellent education should be a close partnership between parents and teachers. A child’s year splits fairly neatly into thirds： a 3rd at school， a 3rd asleep and a third awake at home or on holiday. o l o r : r g b ( 2 5 5 , 0 , 0 ) ; " > 0 2 5 0 I r r e s p e c t i v e o f t h e q u a l i t y o f a s c h o o l a c h i l d s h o m e l i f e i s o f k e y i m p o r t a n c e . I t i s t h e d e t e r m i n i n g f a c t o r o f t h e i r a c a d e m i c s u c c e s s . / s p a n > U r c h i l d m a y h a v e s t a r t e d o n a n e w j o u r n e y b u t u r w o r k i s f a r f r o m f i n i s h e d . / p > p > 0 0 Q u e s t i o n 2 2 H o w d o p a r e n t s f e e l w h e n t h e i r c h i l d r e n s t a r t g o i n g t o s c h o o l ? / p >。