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新概念英语第3册28课难句语法详解1. wares n.货物，商品plural noun 复数wareses1 small products for selling, in a market or on the streetbut not usually in a shop （在市场上或街边出售的）商品，货物Some displayed their wares on stalls, while others hadjust spread them out on the pavement. 有的人把货物摆放在货摊上，有的人干脆就将其铺开摊在人行道上。
2 非正式用语informal a company's products （公司的）产品The company must do more to promote their waresoverseas. 该公司必须进一步努力将产品推向海外。
2. anchor ['æŋkә] v.抛锚；下锚；使固定；扣牢；系牢；使扎根；使基于；锚；精神支柱；1. 锚，a heavy metal object, usually shaped like a crosswith curved arms, on a strong rope or chain, which isdropped from a boat into the water to prevent the boat from moving awayWe dropped anchor (= lowered the anchor into the water) and stopped. 我们抛锚停船。
It was time to weigh anchor (= pull up the anchor and sail away).该是起锚开船的时候了。
anchor , anchors2. anchor支持，SUPPORTsomeone or something that gives support when needed 可以依靠的人（或物）；精神支柱；靠山She was my anchor when things were difficult for 我身处困境时，她就是我的精神支柱。
【导语】新概念英语⽂章短⼩精悍，语句幽默诙谐，语法全⾯系统。
适合各个阶层的⼈群学习参考。
相信有了新概念英语，你也可以成为“⼤神”级别的⼈物！还在等什么？快来加⼊学习吧！⼩编与您⼀起学习进步！ 1、How did Mr. Taylor try to stop the thieves? The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening. 介词短语修饰 shops -- The shoe shop in my neighborhood was just opening. 在我家附近的鞋店刚刚开门营业 2、At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty. Mr. Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop was admiring a new window display. BeiJing, our capital, is developing enormously. -- enormously adv.⾮常地, 巨⼤地(= at fantastic speed) 3、Two of his assistants had been working busily since eight o'clock and had only just finished. Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black velvet. After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr. Taylor went back into his shop. After gazing at… = After he gazed at… After having gazed at… = After he had gazed at… 4、The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade. with 的符合结构：(独⽴主格结构) 1>如果宾语和宾语补⾜语在逻辑上有主谓关系，应该采⽤现在分词形式作宾补。
新概念第三册知识点汇总新概念Lesson1-61.When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。
点评：此处that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London是report 的同位语从句。
take sth. seriously 认真对待…2.Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.无论它走到哪里，一路上总会留下一串死鹿以及死兔子之类的小动物。
点评：a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits本是left的宾语，现后置于behind it 之后，显得句子结构更紧凑。
3.It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流串，真令人担心。
点评：此句是主语从句，it是形式主语，实际主语是that从句。
at large 为自由的，未受管制的意思。
4.The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.教堂的钟很大，以前不分昼夜地打点报时，但在很多年前遭到毁坏，从此便无声无息了。
新概念英语第3册语法讲解与练习第一章英语从句Subordination英语从句主要有定语从句，状语从句和名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）一．定语从句1．定语从句：由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which; 关系副词when, where, why 引导。
（下面十个句子请读5遍并脱口译出！）1. The death notices tell us about people who have died during the week.2. The man (whom) you spoke to just now is my friend.3. The building whose lights are on is beautiful.4. Please find a place which we can have a private talk in.5. The knee is the joint where the thighbone meets the large bone of the lower leg.6. He still remembers the day when he went to school.7. It is no need telling us the reason why you didn't finish it in time.8. He has three sons, two of whom died in the war.9. Mr. Smith, whose wife is a clerk, teaches us English.10. In the Sunday paper there are comics, which children enjoy.2．只能用that和who引导的定语从句A．all, nothing, anything, a few, one做先行词指物时B．先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，后面常跟that而不是which.C．先行词前有the only, the first, the last, the next, the very等词修饰时，引导词只能用that。
语法第一节时态和语态（一）时态1.一般现在时do/does2.现在进行时be(is am are) doing3.一般过去时did4.过去进行时was/were doing5.现在完成时has/have done6.过去完成时had done7.一般将来时shall/will do8.过去将来时should/would do9.现在完成进行时has/have been doing10.过去完成进行时had been doing11.将来进行时shall/will be doing12.过去将来进行时should/would be doing13.将来完成时shall/will have done14.过去将来完成时should/would have done15.将来完成进行时shall/will have been doing16.过去将来完成进行时should /would have been doing（1）一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作I always travel by underground.表示现在状况He is ill now.表示客观真理The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.表示计划或安排将要做的事情The concert begins at 7 pm.（2）一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生动作She bought her friend a present yesterday.表示过去一段时间经常性动作He often played football when he was young.（3）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作，will用于各种人称; shall只用于第一人称I shall/will get better grades next time.Your parents will be glad to hear that you return home."am / is / are going to+动词原形”用来表示事先考虑过的将要发生的动作Jean is going to meet me at the airport.”be doing”表示根据现在计划或安排做某事I am taking Jane out of dinner tonight.be+(about) to do, 表示近期内要做的事情注意：不能与时间状语连用The new school year is about to start.难点：主将从现时间状语从句：when, whenever, since, till, once, as soon as, while, as ,before, afterI will be an English teacher when I grow up.条件状语从句：if, unless, as long as, so long asIf I have extra money, I will pay the bill for you.（4）现在进行时目前在做的动作He is studying physics very hard these days.现阶段在进行动作I hear you are writing a novel.与always, forever, constantly，continually表达有感情色彩的词汇He is forever asking silly questions like a stupid guy.（5）过去进行时过去某个时刻正在进行动作We were taking photos on the mountains.过去某段时间内的动作I was talking about the new book yesterday morning.（6）将来进行时将来某个时刻正在进行动作When I get home, my mother will be cooking dinner.计划将来要发生的事情She will be studying French at college this time next year.（7）现在完成时已经完成某事，过去的动作对现在有影响We have just e back from the United States.表示过去某一行为持续到现在，可能继续持续下去They have been best mates since school.have been to 曾去过某地，现在已经不在have gone to 已经去了某地，现在可能还在去的路上My father has been to Beijing.My father has gone to Beijing.固定句型：It is the+序数词+time that sb have/has done sth“这是某人第几次去......”It is the first time that his painting has been displayed to the public.（8）过去完成时“过去的过去”：过去某个时间开始一直延续到过去另一个时间的动作I had read half of the book by yesterday.By the time they finished the job, we had reached more.固定句型：It was the+序数词+time that sb had done sth“这是某人第几次去......”It was the second time that I had met the same kind of problem.固定句型：no sooner+过去完成时+than+一般过去时hardly+过去完成时+when+一般过去时scarcely+过去完成时+when+一般过去时“一......就......”They had no sooner reached the office than it began to rain.=They had hardly reached the office when it began to rain.=They had scarcely reached the office when it began to rain.表示过去未曾实现的愿望，与动词intend, mean, plan, hope, wish, want, think, expect 连用I had meant to e ,but something happened.（9）现在完成进行时过去某一时间开始持续到现在，并且继续持续下去I have been waiting for an hour, but he still hasn’t turned up.（10）将来完成时表示将来某时刻之前或某动作前已经发生的动作We shall/wiil have met that manager by next Monday.表示一个持续到将来某时之前或某动作发生之前的动作By next Monday, she will have studied here for three years.（11）过去完成进行时过去某个时间或动作之前一直进行的动作He had been writing this novel up to that time.（12）过去将来时：过去某事看将来要发生的动作John said he would have a rest the next day.（二）语态（1）英语语态：主动语态、被动语态He opened the door. 他打开了这扇门。
Lesson13 It’s only meAfter her husband had gone to work. Mrs. Richards sent her children to school and went upstairs to her bedroom. She was too excited to do any housework that morning, for in the evening she would be going to a fancy-dress party with her husband. She intended to dress up asa ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she was impatient to try it on.Though the costume consisted only of a sheet, it was very effective. After putting it on, Mrs.Richards went downstairs. She wanted to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.Just as Mrs. Richards was entering the dinning room, there was a knock on the front door. She knew that it must be the baker. She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door and to leave the bread on the kitchen table. Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs.Richards quickly hid in the small storeroom under the stairs. She heard the front door open and heavy footsteps in the hall. Suddenly the door of the storeroom was opened and a man entered.Mrs. Richards realized that it must be the man from the Electricity Board who had come to read the meter. She tried to explain the situation, saying 'It's only me', but it was too late. The man let out cry and jumped back several paces. When Mrs. Richards walked towards him, he fled, slamming the door behind him.句读解析1-1理查兹夫人等丈夫上班走后，把孩子送去上学，然后来到楼上自己的卧室。
第十一章平行结构Parallel structures许多句子在描述一个人或一件物品时往往会出现一系列修饰语；动词的修饰语，即副词往往也会几个同时使用，构成平行结构，平行结构要求语法结构须保持一致，如：1．系列动词：after school, we sang, danced and played the piano in the classroom.2．系列形容词：She is slim, tall, blond and beautiful.3．系列副词：The students are listening to me carefully and eagerly.平行结构不仅包括动词，形容词，副词，也包括分词，不定式，动名词，名词短语和句子等的平行用法，务必提高辨别力。
练习测试I 单选：1. The purpose of the research had a different meaning for them than ________.A. oursB. for ours it hadC. with usD. it did for us2. The decision to ration a commodity rests on a judgement of its relative scarcity, ________ and the feasibility of continuing it.A. it is importantB. is it importantC. its importanceD. what is its importance3. Scandinavian countries make household goods that are designed both to function well ________.A. and to be looking beautifulB. and to look beautifulC. and to be beautiful lookingD. as well as to look beautifully4. The chairman urged the members of the committee to set aside their differences ________.A. and began to workB. starting to begin to workC. and be settled for workD. and settle down to work5. In his novels the author combines sound scholarship with ________.A. a witty styleB.a style of witC. a style full of witD. a style which witty6. During the examination we were supposed to stay in our seats, keep our eyes on our work, ________ to anyone.A. but could not talkB. rather than speakC. instead of speakingD. and not speak7. Paris is renowned both as the political center of the nation and as ________.A. the cultural center alsoB. a center of cultural activityC. being a cultural centerD. to be a center of cultural activity8. The bonding power of any adhesive depends on the cohesion of the adhesive itself and ________ to the surface to which it is applied.A. how well does the adhesive adhereB. how well the adhesive adheresC. does the adhesive adheresD. the adhesive adheres9. Molds can't produce their own food ________ their nourishment from living on dead organic matter or on other living matter.A. obtainB. obtainedC. but obtainD. is obtained10. I her writing, Eleanor Willie often dealt with her own personality as it was, rather than ________.A. as others defined itB. other's definitionsC. its definition by othersD. it was defined by others答案：1. B2. C3. C4. C5.D。
新概念第三册语法要点概览引言《新概念英语》作为一套经典的英语教材，已被广泛应用于英语者中。
新概念第三册侧重于培养者的英语实际运用能力，包含了许多重要的语法点。
本文档将为您详细解析新概念第三册中的语法要点，帮助您更好地理解和掌握英语语法。
第三册语法要点概览1. 情态动词第三册中，情态动词是重要的语法点之一。
情态动词包括can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would等。
它们用于表达可能性、推测、建议、意愿等含义。
在第三册的课文和练中，情态动词的用法得到了详细的阐述和练。
2. 时态第三册中涵盖了各种时态的用法，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时等。
通过对课文中不同时态的例句和练题的解析，者可以深入理解时态的用法和区别。
3.被动语态被动语态是英语中常用的语法结构，用于强调动作的承受者。
第三册中，被动语态的构成和用法得到了详细的讲解。
者可以通过课文中的例句和练题来掌握被动语态的正确使用。
4. 虚拟语气虚拟语气是用来表达假设、愿望、建议等非现实情况的语法结构。
在第三册中，虚拟语气的用法得到了详细的阐述，包括if条件句、wish后的宾语从句、建议句等。
5. 定语从句定语从句是英语中常用的语法结构，用于修饰名词或代词。
第三册中，定语从句的引导词、用法和注意事项得到了详细的讲解。
者可以通过课文中的例句和练题来掌握定语从句的正确使用。
6. 状语从句状语从句是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词等词性的语法结构。
第三册中，状语从句的种类、用法和连接词得到了详细的讲解。
者可以通过课文中的例句和练题来掌握状语从句的正确使用。
结论新概念第三册涵盖了丰富的语法要点，通过和掌握这些语法点，者可以提高自己的英语语法水平，并更好地运用英语进行交流。
希望本文档能够为您提供参考和帮助，祝您进步！。
新概念英语第 3 册语法讲解与练习第一章英语从句Subordination 英语从句主要有定语从句，状语从句和名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）一．定语从句1 ．定语从句：由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which; 关系副词when, where, why 引导。
（下面十个句子请读 5 遍并脱口译出！）1. The death notices tell us about people who have died during the week.2. The man （whom） you spoke to just now is my friend.3. The building whose lights are on is beautiful.4. Please find a place which we can have a private talk in.5. The knee is the joint where the thighbone meets the large bone of the lower leg.6. He still remembers the day when he went to school.7. It is no need telling us the reason why you didn't finish it in time.8. He has three sons, two of whom died in the war.9. Mr. Smith, whose wife is a clerk, teaches us English.10. In the Sunday paper there are comics, which children enjoy.2 ．只能用that 和who 引导的定语从句A ．all, nothing, anything, a few, one 做先行词指物时B ．先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，后面常跟that 而不是which.C ．先行词前有the only, the first, the last, the next, the very 等词修饰时，引导词只能用that 。
D ．当先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody 时，后面要用who 或whom ；• All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的并非都是金子。
3 ．as 引导定语从句as 引导的定语从句有两种形式：A ．引导限制性语从句。
在此类定语从句中，as 常与主语中作为其先行词的such, the same 或as 联用构成，“ such... as ” as”和"as ...as ”句型，可代替先行词。
例如：We hope to get such a tool as he is using. 我们希望得到他正在用的那种工具。
B．as 引导非限制性定语从句时，作用与which 相同，as 作为关系代词代替整个主句。
（这是语法考试的一个考点。
）［注意区别］：as 引导的从句用于句首、句中或句后，而which 引导的定语从句不能放在句首。
例如：As is reported, a foreign delegation will visit the city.据报道，一个外国代表团将访问这个城市。
二．状语从句超级作文联接词及词组，全部拿下！①原因：because, since, now that （既然）as, for, this reason .........②结果：so that, so, therefore, consequently, so as to, as a result ..③时间：after, before, when, while, as, until, as soon as, since, by the time, once, lately, presently, shortly after, currently, at present, nowadays ...④条件：if, only if., once, unless, in the event （that）, in case （that）, provided that, on the condition that, etc.⑤让步：though, although, even though（if）, no matter what / how / when whatever / whenever ...⑥目的：in order that, in order to, to,⑦比较：than, as ... as, by comparison （相比较），by contrast （相对照）.....三．名词性从句the same... however /王牌要点：通常由that 或疑问词导出。
1. How some mammals came to live in the sea is not know. （主语从句）2. The attorney told his client that they had little chance of winning the case. （宾语从句）3. The problem is what we'll do next. （表语从句）4. We have no idea that he has come back. （同位语从句）同位语（Appositive ）:同位语是英语语法的重点内容，也是各类考试中的一个考点，同时，在写作中正确运用同位语可以使你的句型更加简洁得体。
新概念英语》第三册第一课有这样一个句子：When reports came into London zoo that a wild pumahad been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.（当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南45 英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。
）在这里， a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London 就是同位语从句，它本来应该放在“ reports ”后面，这里却被放在了谓语成分came into London zoo 的后面，目的是让句型显得更为稳重。
I •简单记忆：同位语从句，就是对某些名词做进一步的解释的句子。
I was greatly shocked when I heard the news that his father died yesterday.（that 引导的句子解释了news 的内容，注意：that 不做任何成分）We have to face the fact that the weather is unexpectedly bad.（that 引导的句子解释了fact 的内容）II .联想记忆：能接同位词从句的名词有：belief （信仰），fact ，idea ，doubt ，rumor （谣言），evidence （证据），conclusion（结论）,suggestion （建议）,problem , order , answer , discovery （发现）explanation （解释）,principle（原则），possibility （可能性），truth ，promise （承诺），report （报告），statement （声明），knowledge（知识），opinion （观点），likelihood （可能性）大声朗读三遍，背下即可。
]III ．王牌要点：• 同位语一般由that 引导，但也可以用关系代词which, who, what 和关系副词when, where, why, how 或whether 引导。
There arouse the question whether we could win the game.I have no idea howto explain it.• 一些介词词组后面也能引导同位语从句。
（非常经典之功能句式，可用于四六级和托福作文，不妨一试！）：on the assumption （在 ...... 前提下）,on the ground （由于 ..... 原因）,on the condition that （在....... 条件下）,with the excepti on （有...... 例外）owing to the fact （由于.. 事实）；on the understanding （基于 .. 理解）；The young lady promised to marry the old man on the condition that he bought her a villa.那位年轻的女士答应嫁给那位老头，条件是他给她买一幢别墅。
IV ．分隔式同位语从句为了使句型平衡不至于头重脚轻，有时同位语从句可以放到句子的末尾，（读两遍此定义，然后看倒句：）An idea came to him that he might write to her to ask more information about the matter.I got information from my friend that there will be a marvelous American movie "Titanic".V. 同位语从句与定语从句之区别简单记忆：定语从句的引导词that 或which 在句子中用作主语或宾语，而同位语从句的引导词that 只起连接主句和从句之作用，不用作任何成分。
示例：I've got an answer that A is right. （同位语从句，that 不做成分）I've got an answer that surprised me a lot. （定语从句，that 做定语从句的主语）VI ．王牌重点：可以充当同位语的词组或短语。
1 ）名词短语。
（使句型更为简洁）Bill Clinton, the president of America, came to China to pay an official visit in 1998.Lu Xun, one of the greatest essayists in China, played an overwhelmingly important role in Chineseliterature history.2 ）动名词词组亦可用作同位语：别忘了加逗号。
