心理学--性格（Psychology -- character）Psychological termsCharacter is the personality characteristics of a person in the stable attitude of the reality and habits of behavior, it shows a person's moral character, by people's values, outlook on life, world view influence. These personality differences with moral evaluation, we call personality differences. Character is gradually formed in the social environment of the day after tomorrow, and it is the core personality difference of people. Character is good or bad, can directly reflect a person's moral style. Personality is gradually formed in the social life, but also by the difference of individual biological factors influence the nature and character of the character is acquired form, such as shyness, irritable personality, decisive character and irresolute and hesitant character. Nature is a way of thinking that human beings are born with and cannot be changed. Nature is innate, such as self-esteem, vanity, honor, etc.. Human nature consists of the nature of survival, the nature of laziness and the nature of being unhappy._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Six classificationsReality typeRealistic people like outdoor, mechanical and sports activities or occupations. I like to deal with things, but Idon't like to deal with people. I like to make things and fix things. I like operating equipment and machines, and I like to see tangible things. Perseverance, diligence, lack of creativity and originality. I like to do things in a familiar way and build a fixed pattern, and I think the problem is often absolute. I don't like ambiguity, I don't like abstract theory and philosophical thinking. It's a traditional, conservative person with a lack of good interpersonal skills and verbal communication skills. When you become the center of attention, you feel uncomfortable and not good at expressing your emotions. Others think he is shy and shy, but the vast majority of realists are adhering to the realistic life and work style.Exploratory typeInquisitive people are inquisitive and inquisitive. Like to understand, explain and predict what's going on around you. Passion for scientific exploration. For non science, too simple or supernatural interpretation, more negative and critical attitude. Love to do can be absorbed in, intentnesses. Being independent and loving doing things alone. I don't like managing people and I don't like being controlled. I like to look at problems from a theoretical and speculative point of view. He likes to solve abstract and ambiguous questions, creative, fresh and creative, and often difficult to accept traditional values. Escape from a highly structured and bound environment. Deal with things step by step, precise and methodical, confident in your own intelligence. Embarrassed in social situations, lack of leadership and persuasion skills. In interpersonal relations, stiff and rigid. Not good at expressing emotions, may give people a feeling of not friendly,exploration should pay more attention to their own development and innovation spirit.Art typeArtistic people are creative, expressive, principled, naive, and individual. Love is out of the ordinary try to be a man of great transcendence. I don't like to engage in heavy physical activity, and I don't like highly standardized and programmed tasks. Like to express things through art works,self-expression, hope to get public attention and admiration, very sensitive to criticism. In clothing, behavior, tend to unrestrained, not follow the tradition. Like to work in the absence of supervision, work more impulsive. Great attention to beauty and aesthetic taste, more emotional and complex thinking of the heart. I like abstract work and unstructured environments. Seek acceptance and praise from others, and feel intimate relationships are stressed and avoided. Mainly through the art of indirect communication with others to make up for alienation, often self thinking, thinking unrestrained, unrestrained, with a strong divergent thinking.Social typeSocial people are friendly, enthusiastic, outgoing and cooperative. Good at communication, like to associate with people.Be sensitive to other people's emotions and problems. Like to play the role of helping others, such as teachers, consultants, civil servants. Like to express yourself and be persuasive inthe crowd, like being the focal point and being happy in the center of the group. Sensitive to life and being with others, idealistic and cautious. Like philosophical issues, such as life, religion and moral issues. Do not like to engage in machine or data related work, or the structure of the tight, repetitive work. Getting along well with others, expressing emotions naturally, treating people with tact, giving others the impression of kindness and willingness to help others, if they can be recognized by the society, will make great contributions to the country.Management typeManagement oriented people are extroverted, introspective, persuasive and optimistic. Love is courage, daring. Highly motivated and interested in management and leadership. Usually like to pursue power, wealth, status. Being good at words, he always tries to make others accept his own opinions, and he has the ability to persuade and deploy people. I think I'm very popular with others, and I don't have the patience to do meticulous work. They don't like jobs that require long-term intellectual activity, and management people have clear heads and quick thinking. It is the guarantee of a reliable life and society.Conventional typeNormal people do every rhythm and stubborn and down-to-earth, love do comply with fixed copy and calculation procedure, is a reliable, efficient and conscientious person. Relying on groups and organizations to achieve a sense of security andstrive to become good members, in large institutions engaged in general work satisfied, not seeking leadership positions. When you know what you're going to do, you feel comfortable. Not accustomed to their own judgments and decisions on things, and therefore do not like ambiguous instructions, want to know exactly what they want to do, for the specified tasks can be completed well. Tend to be conservative and adhere to tradition, used to obey, execute superior orders. Enjoy working in a pleasant indoor environment, paying attention to material comforts and possessions. Have self-control and express your feelings in moderation, avoid tense interpersonal relationships, and love natural relationships. In the familiar crowd will be comfortable. Like to plan things, do not like to break the Convention, do not like to engage in heavy physical labor, this type basically in accordance with social law life. Hollander, an American career guidance expert, thinks that everyone is a different combination of these six types, but the dominant type is different. The working environment of each profession is also composed of six different working conditions, one of which is dominant. Whether a person's career is successful, stable or desirable depends largely on the adaptation between his personality type and his working conditions.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Character (personality), the old called personality, has been defined as the name of individual thought, emotion, behavior and attitude, it is one of the branches of psychology, andpersonality disorder (Personality Disorders), called the old abnormal personality, but is always a monopoly in psychiatry, psychology, personality has been analysis of nerve (neuroticism), extraversion (extroversion), the heart of (conscientiousness), (agreebleness), agree with the open (openness) to five degrees (Watson, D. etal., 1994). The American Psychiatric Association is also on its diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) (AP personality A, 1994),The character of column divided into delusion (paranoid), schizophreniform (schizoid), split type (schizotypal), performance (histrionic), narcissistic, antisocial (narcissistic) (antisocial), edge (borderline), escape (avoidant), (dependent), and forced to rely on(obsessive-compulsive) and other ten categories, and the other list ran dark (passive-aggr-essive) for a class in the appendix (Lin Tiande, 1995). The former is a statistical classification, and the latter is a clinical classification. The connection between the two is still unknown. To solve the above problems, we must first make a statistical treatment of clinical classification. Psychiatry is defined as symptoms of personality disorders, for example, there are seven symptoms of delusional personality, as long as individuals have four of them, you may suffer from this disease. It is the first purport of this study that these symptoms can be combined in such a way. The above character in in the past can be divided into three categories: the first category is the delusion, split, and split type three personality disorder, the symptoms of second is antisocial, strange and eccentric; edge, acting, and narcissism four, the symptoms of dramatic; the third is to escape, dependence, force, and the dark hit four run, thesymptom with deep concern. However, whether the clinical classification can stand the test of empirical research is questionable.Attitudinal characteristics of personalityThe attitudinal characteristics of personality refers to the general characteristics of individuals in their attitudes towards all aspects of real life.The rational character of personalityThe rational character of personality refers to the psychological characteristics of individuals in cognitive activities. In perception, in accordance with the purpose of certain tasks to observe, to active observation, some effect is obviously influenced by environmental stimuli, which belongs to the passive observation; some tend to study the details of analysis belongs to the type, some tend to observe the object contour and overall, belonging to a comprehensive; some tend to fast perception, perception is fast, some tend to accurately perceive, belongs to accurate perception. In the aspect of imagination, there are active imagination and passive imagination; there are broad imagination and narrow imagination. In memory, there are active and passive points; there are good memory and abstract memory. In thinking, there are active and passive points; independent and dependent on others of a deep and superficial classification.Emotional characteristics of personalityThe emotional characteristics of personality refers to the psychological characteristics of individuals in emotional expression. In the intensity of emotion, some emotions are strong, not easy to control; others are weak and easy to control. In terms of emotional stability, some people have high emotional volatility and emotional changes; others are emotionally stable and calm. In the aspect of emotional persistence, some people have a long duration of emotion and have a great influence on work and study; some people have short emotional duration and have little influence on work and study. In the dominant mood, some people are often full of emotions, in a happy state of mood; some people often unhappy.Volitional characteristics of personalityThe will character of personality refers to the psychological characteristics of individuals when they adjust their psychological activities. Consciousness, firmness, decisiveness, self-control and so on are the main characteristics of will. Consciousness refers to the definite purpose before action, the steps and methods of action in advance, and the overcoming of difficulties and the consistent execution in the process of action. The opposite is blind or autocratic. Firmness means that we can take some measures to overcome the difficulties so as to achieve our goals. On the contrary, firmness and vacillation are the ways of the former, and the former will not take effective methods, but they will go their own way; the latter will easily change or abandon their own plans. Decisiveness is good at distinguish between right and wrong in the complicated context, to make the right decisions quickly. Contrary to decisiveness, indecision orarbitrariness and boldness. Self control refers to being good at controlling your actions and emotions. Contrary to self control is self willed.classificationPsychologists have classified their personality types with their own criteria and principles, and here are several representative points of view:(1) from the perspective of psychological function, personality can be divided into rational, emotional and volitional;(2) from the division of mental activity tendency, personality can be divided into internal and external;(3) from the individual independence, the characters are divided into independent, obedient and rebellious(4) sprange people according to different values, the person's character is divided into theory; type, economic type, power type, social type, aesthetic, religious type.(5) Helen. According to the core value of Parma people of different values and focus and habits of different, the person's character is divided into nine types. Called the Enneagram, including: No. 1, No. 2 perfect help, No. 3, No. 4 art achievement type, 5 type, 6 type, rational doubt No. 7 and No. 8 active leaders, No. 9 peace.(6) according to people's behavior, that is, people's words and deeds and emotional expression can be divided into A personality, B personality, C personality and D personality.Allport's definition of characterCharacter Allport thinks that the term "personality" is somewhat ambiguous, because it means people's moral judgment on someone. For example, when we say that a person has a good personality, this moral judgment is included. Allport prefers: "personality is defined as the personality to be assessed, and personality is defined as a character that is not evaluated."".。
