中考英语语法专项训练：(五)介词和介词短语

精品基础教育教学资料，仅供参考，需要可下载使用！中考英语语法备考训练习题5 介词【介词命题趋势】1、表示时间的介词2、表示方位和运动方向的介词3、常用介词用法辨析4、介词与其它词类的搭配1）形容词与介词的搭配2）动词与介词的搭配3）名词与介词的搭配【分析解读】介词为中考的必考点,主要考时间介词、方位介词和介词的固定搭配。

介词在应用中有固定性，所以准确记忆其用法和搭配是掌握介词的关键。

【知识方法】表示时间的介词--- at in on since after by until 等表示方位的介词--in on over to above under in front of in the front of介词+名词介词的固定搭配的be+形容词+介词介词动词+介词between & amongacross &through& over& past易混介词的区别in &onfor &to &towardsafter & behindbut & besides &exceptIn & afterto & at知识清单介词是一种虚词，用来表示它后面的名词或代词同句中其他某个成分之间的关系。

介词在句中不能单独使用，必须连用它的宾语即后面的名词或代词构成介词词组后才能作句子成分。

知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！1. 介词的功能介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。

介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。

介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。

例如：The boy over there is John’s brother. 在那儿的那个男孩是约翰的弟弟。

(定语)The girl will be back in two hours. 这位姑娘过两个小时回来。

(状语)Our English teacher is from Australia.我们的英语老师来自澳大利亚。

语法专题五介词和介词短语近6年吉林中考主要在句意填词、单项选择和短文填空中考查介词的基本用法。

解答此类试题的关键是掌握常见介词的含义及用法，区分各介词之间的区别，尤其是方位、时间和方式这三类介词。

命题点1方位介词1．across, through, over和past单词含义及用法across 意为“横过；穿过”，着重指从一边到另一边，指从表面通过through 意为“穿过；通过；经过”，指从空间内部通过over 意为“横过；越过”，指从上方经过、跨越past 意为“经过”，指从旁边经过Can you swim across the river？你能游到河的对岸吗？After you go through the gate, you'll see a beautiful garden. 穿过门之后，你将看到一个美丽的花园。

We must go over the mountain. 我们必须越过那座山。

I often go past the shop after school. 我经常在放学后经过这个商店。

2．between, among表示在两者之间用between；在三者或三者以上之间用among。

3．in front of和in the front ofThere is a tree in front of the classroom.教室(外)的前面有一棵树。

There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.教室(内)的前面有一块黑板。

4．above, over, below和underThe plane is flying above the clouds. 飞机在云层上飞行。

There is a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥。

The coat reaches below the knees. 那件大衣盖过膝盖。

专题五介词和介词短语分析安徽近5年中考真题可知,介词的考查主要是介词辨析,主要出现在单项填空和完形填空题型中。

除2020年以外,每年都会考查介词或介词短语。

对于介词的考查主要涉及时间介词、方位介词、方式介词以及其他常见介词。

考生在复习中要重视介词的相关用法,学会正确运用介词和介词短语,能够做到熟练掌握并运用,特别是对一些重要介词的认识和理解,另外要注意介词的常用搭配。

名师考点精讲考点1时间介词1.in,on和at2.in,after和before3.by和until/till4.其他常见时间介词考点2方位介词 1.at,in,on 和to表示“在(小地方)”或“在……附近/旁边”。

(如图:)at the door at the airport at the station at Park Street at the desk 表示“在(大地方)”或“在……范围之内”。

(如图:)in China in the north 表示A 地属于B 地。

(如图:)Hainan Province lies in the south of China.的一部分(如图: )表示“在……范围之外”,即A、B两地不接壤。

(如图: )Japan lies to the east of China.国不接壤2.on,above,below,over和under表示“在……上面”,与物体表面接触。

(如图: )Heon表放在书桌上。

表示“在……上方”,不强调是否垂直,且不与表面接触,同below相对。

(如图: )Theabove鸟在我头顶上方飞翔。

与above 反义,表示非垂直且不与表面接触的下方。

(如图: )Therebelow the mountain.山下有一个湖。

表示“在……(垂直的)正上方”,与物体表面不直接接触,同under相对。

(如图: )There over有一座桥。

与over 反义,表示垂直且不与表面接触的下方。

中考英语专题复习：介词和介词短语介词和介词短语专题复习⼀、表⽰时间的介词1. in（1）⽤在世纪、年份、季节、⽉份、不特定的上、下午和晚上等词的前⾯。

如：in the twentieth century 在20世纪；in 2012在2012年；in winter 在冬天；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上。

（2）表⽰“在……”之后，后⾯接⼀段时间，多⽤于将来时。

如：We are going to Shanghai ____ two days.2. at（1）⽤在表⽰钟点、中午、夜晚和拂晓的词前⾯。

如： at five o’clock 在五点；at noon 在中午； at night 在夜晚。

（2）⽤在⼀些固定短语中。

如：at the beginning of….. 在……的开始；at the end of 在…….的结尾; at the same time 同时；at the age of 在……岁时；at times 有时。

3．On(1) 表⽰在具体的某⼀天的上、下午。

如：on the morning of August 8 在⼋⽉⼋号的上午；on a cold morning 在⼀个寒冷的早上。

（2）表⽰在具体的某⼀天。

如： on July 16,2010 在2010年7⽉16⽇。

（3）⽤在星期、节⽇前。

如： on Monday 在星期⼀；on Teachers’ Day 在教师节。

⼩结：at 强调“点”； in 强调“段”；on 强调“⽇”。

4．By表⽰“在……之前，到…….时”的结构为“by+时间点”，常与完成时连⽤。

如：How many English words had you learned by the end of last term?5. for“for+⼀段时间”常与含延续性动词的完成时连⽤。

如：I have had the book for a long time.6. since“Since +时间点”，“Since +时间段+ ago”也常与完成时态连⽤。

介词或介词短语专项练习一、单选题1．Facial recognition technology is widely used for payment. ________, we needn't enter the passwords any more. A．For example B．As a result C．What's more D．What's worse2．—Steven, what do you think of Mark? —Well, he is always trying to show off his wisdom _______ others. A．in front of B．in the front of C．at the back of D．at the bottom of3．It's well-known that tea, a very popular drink, was invented ________.A．on display B．on sale C．by accident D．by mistake4．Jack was late for class ________ the bad weather.A．because B．because of C．with D．since5．It's easy to ________ the differences between them, because they have little ________.A．say; in style B．speak; in general C．tell; in common D．tell; in size6．—I’m very sorry. I can’t help you because it is ________ my ability.—Thank you all the same.A．out of B．beyond C．over D．away from7．I met a friend of mine ________ in the street yesterday.A．by hand B．in danger C．by accident8．How many members are there in the Music Club ________?A．of all B．in all C．at all D．after all9．It’s easy to _____ the differences between t hem, because they have little _____.A．say; in style B．speak; in general C．tell; in common D．tell; in size10．—The library near our school isn't open in the evening, so we can go there ______.—No problem, I'll go with you tomorrow.A．day after day B．in the daytime C．all the time11．________ the river stands a power station. You can find it easily.A．In B．Far C．Beyond D．Under12．The big fire reminded the students ________ the importance of keeping safe ________ any possible danger A．of; with B．of; from C．to; from D．to; with13．What do you think ________ this festival ?A．about B．of C．in D．with14．—How do you study English grammar? —________ doing lots of grammar exercises.A．For B．By C．With D．At15．Christmas Day is ________ December 25th.A．at B．in C．on D．under16．Lucy gets nervous before she gives a speech ________ public.A．on B．in C．with D．by17．—Why isn't he showing up at the birthday party?—He is racing ________ the clock to finish his report on his project.A．beyond B．over C．against D．through18．— Can I throw water _____ others here? —Yes. But you can do that only _____ the Water Festival. A．over; on B．at; in C．at; on D．over; in19．We will have a meeting at Beijing Hotel _______ the morning of April 1st.A．in B．on C．from D．at20．—I want to watch TV the whole day after the long journey.—You shouldn’t watch TV too much. It’s bad________your eyes.A．with B．in C．on D．for二、单选题1. Please don't go ________ me. I don't want to be here alone.A. withB. forC. toD. without2. He ________ ________ a father to me.A. is, likesB. is likeC. be likeD. looks like3. Do you usually go to school ________ bus or ________ foot?A. by; byB. on; byC. by; onD. on; in4. It’s traditional in China to eat dumplings ________ New Year’s Eve.A. inB. onC. atD. since5. —Sam, let’s go out to enjoy the great sunshine _________ such a nice morning. —OK. Let’s go!A. inB. onC. atD. from6. —When is your birthday? —My birthday is ________ August 21st.A. onB. atC. inD. for7. In many countries, Mother’s Day is celebrated _______ the second Sunday ______ May.A. in, onB. on, inC. in, inD. on, on8. —Is there a fruit shop near here? —Yes, it's __________ Center Street ______ the right.A. on; onB. in; inC. on; inD. in; on9. We will visit Shanghai Disneyland ________ the afternoon of February 3.A. inB. onC. atD. from10. Sometimes I help my mom with her housework ________ Saturdays.A. atB. inC. onD. to11. Thanks for ________ the school.A. show me aroundB. show around meC. showing me aroundD. to show around me12. —How do you study English grammar? —________ doing lots of grammar exercises.A. ForB. ByC. WithD. At13. Christmas Day is ________ December 25th.A. atB. inC. onD. under14. Thanksgiving is always ________ the fourth Thursday________ November in the USA.A. on;inB. in ;onC. in; inD. on;on15. After school, I usually play basketball with my friends _____________ an hour.A. onB. inC. atD. for16. The police suspect that the two cases may be linked _________ each other.A. forB. withC. onD. from17. Soccer star Diego Armando Maradona（马拉多纳）passed away ________ November 25th, 2020.A. inB. onC. atD. from18. I improve my ________ English by ________ conversations with my friends in English.A. speak, practice makingB. speaking, practicing makingC. spoken, practicing makingD. speaking, practicing to make19. All the guests in the hotel died after the earthquake ________ him, because he was awake and ran out in time.A. exceptB. besideC. withD. besides20. I used to go to school ________ my father’s car, but now I ride to school.A. onB. byC. inD. at21. I met Lily a bookstore yesterday.A. onB. toC. inD. of22. —Excuse me, where is the nearest bookstore around here?—Just go along Center Street and turn left. Xinhua bookstore is ______ your right.A. inB. onC. atD. to24. If you want to meet people and work for a magazine, we have a job ________ a reporter.A. withB. ofC. asD. for25. We travelled to Shanghai and arrived ________ 5 o’clock ________ the morning of July 5th.A. on; inB. at; inC. at; onD. in; on26. 一I'm thirsty. I'd like a glass of orange juice. What about you, Dad?一I prefer a cup of coffee nothing in it.A. withB. withoutC. forD. to27. — Could you tell me the way to the Science Museum, please?—Yes, walk along this street. You’ll see it ________ your left.A. inB. onC. ofD. for28. I made a special card for my father __________ Father’s Day this year.A. inB. atC. onD. during29. We will have a big test ___________ June 12th. Good luck to you.A. inB. onC. atD. by30. There is a piano _______ the wall in my sister's room, and she enjoys playing it after finishing homework every day.A. againstB. behindC. inD. on31. I would like to take part in the volunteer work May Day.A. inB. onC. atD. for32. — Would you like to visit the zoo with me now?—Sorry, it’s _______ the visiting hours. Let’s go there tomorrow.A. beyondB. throughC. duringD. on33. _____September, 2018, we will have have a great ceremony of the 80th anniversary of Chongqing No.8 Secondary school.A. OnB. InC. AtD. Of34. —It’s said that the best way to relax is exercise.—I see. But you should keep away dangerous sports.A. with; fromB. for; offC. through; fromD. through; by35. Scared by the loud noise，the rabbits ran off all directions.A. onB. atC. inD. by36. —Look ! There is a hole the wall. The mouse must run away from here.—I think so. If there is not a picture the hole, we can easily find it.A. in; in the front ofB. on; in the front ofC. on; in front ofD. in; in front of37. Mrs. King put a coat ________ the sleeping girl to keep her warm.A. overB. withC. behindD. beside38. –Do you have anything else to say for being late again? --No, nothing ______ sorry.A. aboveB. behindC. fromD. but39. —Do you believe that American flags are made China?—Yes, I do. And you can see they are made silk.A. in; fromB. from; inC. of; inD. in; of40. A bird flew into the kitchen the widow.A. acrossB. aboveC. throughD. under41. —Shall I help you go the street, Grandpa? —No, thanks. I can manage it myself.A. onB. withC. acrossD. along42. ________ April 22nd, people around the world celebrate Earth Day ________ different ways.A. In; inB. On; inC. In; onD. At; by43. A terrible sandstorm happened in Ruoqiang County ________the morning________February 11, 2016.A. on, onB. in, inC. on, ofD. in, of44. My uncle will go to Shanghai on business ______ June.A. onB. inC. atD. for45. Because of COVID-19, this summer holiday will begin ________ July 18.A. onB. inC. forD. at46. People always send greeting to each other through Wechat ________ New Year's Day.A. inB. onC. atD. of47. There are 24 solar terms ________ a year. Grain Rain often starts in April, the _______ month of the year.A. for; fourB. in; fourC. in;fourthD. for;fourth48. More and more people in our city choose to go to work _________ underground.A. inB. withC. byD. for49. It’s kind _______ you to help me find the key _______ my office.A. of, ofB. for, toC. of, toD. for, of50. — The Dragon Boat Festival falls_______May or June every year.—Yes, this year’s Dragon Boat Festival is_______Jun e 25th.A. in; onB. on; inC. in; inD. on; on51. —We’ll have a field trip, but when shall we meet?—Let’s make it _______ half past seven _______ the morning of May 1.A. at; onB. /; onC. /; inD. about; by52. —Jack, when is your mother’s birthday?—Oh, her birthday is________December 28th.A. inB. onC. atD. for.53. We can learn English________watching English TV programs every day.A. byB. inC. onD. for一、单选题1．Facial recognition technology is widely used for payment. ________, we needn't enter the passwords any more. A．For example B．As a result C．What's more D．What's worse【答案】B【详解】句意：人脸识别技术被广泛地用于支付。

专题05介词和介词短语考点自测1.The old man has traveled to fifteen places two years ago.A.fromB.sinceC.betweenD.during2. a cold morning， Minnie went to see her good friend in a village.A.InB.OnC.AtD.For3.—What should I do to keep healthy?—I think you must wash hands dinner.A.afterB.whenC.whileD.before4.—How soon will we get the offer from a new high school?— about two months.A.AmongB.DuringC.InD.For5.When they went the park， they met one of their old teachers.A.acrossB.aboveC.throughD.against6.—Where is your hometown， Linda?—It’s the west of Hefei， but it belongs to Henan.A.inB.onC.atD.to7.Everyone went to the mountain Jimmy. He had to look after his sick sister.A.exceptB.besidesC.againstD.among8.In the picture， we saw a ladder(梯子) the wall in a special room.A.aboveB.behindC.acrossD.against9.Look， there is a coffee shop the supermarket. Let’s go across the street.A.at the top ofB.across fromC.at the back ofD.at the bottom of10.What a nice day! We should go sightseeing watching TV in the hotel.A.because ofB.instead ofC.together withD.out of11.I couldn’t get through the door because there was a big box .A.by the wayB.on the wayC.out of the wayD.in the way综合演练Ⅰ.单项选择1. [2020·大庆] We have a geography lesson three o’clock Thursday afternoon.A.at; inB.in; inC.on; onD.at; on2. [2020·南通] My uncle’s reviews on the four great classical Chinese novels may be published the summer of 2021.A.inB.onC.atD.for3. [2020·南京] Nanjing Zijinshan Insect Museum， which will be open to the public soon， was formedat the foot of Zhongshan April 2nd.A.inB.onC.atD.from4. [2020·铜仁改编] —How long have you had the book， Kangkang?—I’ve had it two months. It helps me a lot.A.forB.sinceC.inD.on5. [2020·苏州] —Did you go on the Silk Road trip by train?—Yes. The train was great， just like a hotel wheels—it had all that I needed.A.inB.atC.onD.by6. [2020·上海] The ancient town has been open to visitors about ten years.A.byB.forC.onD.at7. [2020·河北] When are you arriving? I’ll pick you up the station.A.atB.toC.onD.off8. [2020·邵阳改编] —How do you study for a test， Annie?—I study working with a group.A.byB.withC.inD.at9. [2020·青岛] You’d better not hang out after school telling your parents. They may worryabout you.A.byB.withC.withoutD.after10. [2020·营口] If success is a gate， the road it must be made up of difficulties.A.towardsB.againstC.oppositeD.near11. [2020·临沂改编] It’s hard to turn down a banana. They taste good and you don’t have to wash them eating them.A.untilB.afterC.beforeD.among12. [2020·龙东改编] —Many doctors and nurses went to Hubei in February.—Hubei is far from Heilongjiang. It’s the south of China，the south of Henan.A.in; toB.on; toC.in; onD.on; in13. [2020·连云港] To complete her online learning， Suzy needs a computer or a mobile phone to receive messages her teachers.A.withB.duringC.fromD.through14. [2020·扬州] Han clothing is becoming more popular young people.A.overB.amongC.betweenD.about15. [2020·山西改编] As students， we’re supposed to go to the museum often. We can get more knowledgefrom the things .A.on showB.on saleC.on landD.on purpose16. [2020·鄂州] Although the man is in his eighties， he grows vegetables in his garden.A.in publicB.in personC.in silenceD.in fact17. [2020·葫芦岛] —Sorry， I didn’t do a good job.—Never mind. ， you’ve tried your best.A.As forB.In totalC.In that caseD.After all18.To my great joy， my family is always me whatever I decide to do.A.behindB.toC.fromD.against19.Let’s take a walk the river after dinner， shall we?A.alongB.throughC.uponD.over20.Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the windows.A.againstB.acrossC.aboveD.below21.This story is simple English. My little sister can read it.A.forB.inC.withD.by22.He drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went the road.A.offB.onC.alongD.behind23.—Look， there is a cute bird， Mom.—It flew into our kitchen the window just now， Alex.A.acrossB.throughC.aboveD.under24.—Excuse me， is there a computer room in your school?—Yes. It’s the fifth floor.A.onB.inC.atD.to25.—Bill， did you see Tom?—Yes， he just parked his car here and then hurried the street.A.throughB.overC.pastD.acrossⅡ.完成句子根据所给提示完成句子，每空一词，含缩略词。