2019中考英语真题专题汇编之词语运用及解析

词汇运用2019四、词语运用（共16小题；每小题1分, 满分16分）A）选用方框内的单词或词组填空, 其中有一个单词或词组是多余的。

no longer compare later under earlier traffic43. Can you help me pick up the pen? It's ____________ the desk.44. -What time will you arrive?-I have no idea. It depends on the __________________.45. Don't __________ your children with others. Just let them be themselves.46. It's not raining at the moment, but it might rain ______________.47. The computer caught a virus and __________ worked properly.A)43. under前文“pick up the pen”提示下文用介词under说明“在桌子下面”。

44. traffic 上文句意“你何时到达？” 提示下文和traffic相关。

句意：我不知道。

要看交通情况。

45. compare下文句意“就让他们做他们自己”提示用动词compare和with连用，符合句意。

不要把你们的孩于和其他孩子相比”。

ter 上文at the moment提示下文用副词later(以后；后来)。

句意：目前没有下雨，但可能过会儿下。

47. no longer上文句意“这台电脑中了病毒”提示下文用no longer（不再），符合句意“不再正常工作。

”B）根据句子意思, 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。

（每空限填一个单词）48. You are lucky, Linda. You didn't hurt __________(you).49. We should behave ___________ (polite) in public.50. How happy I am to celebrate my ___________ (fifteen) birthday tomorrow!51. If you don't know the name of the plant, please write"_____________" (know) in yournotebook.52. Thomas Edison, one of the greatest ____________ (invent) in the world, created over 1,000things.B)48. yourself上文句意“你幸运”和下文主语You提示用反身代词yourself，符合句意“你没有伤到你自己。

2019年中考英语词汇运用（汉译英）真题精选(名师精选全国真题+实战训练，建议下载练习)一．填空题（共15小题）1．（2018•泰州）Shared bikes can help people travel around freely in cities without pollution（污染）．【解答】考查名词，污染pollution，不可数名词，在句中作介词的宾语．故答案为pollution．2．（2018•泰州）Last weekend，at the welcome party，the host introduced（介绍）the history and culture of Taizhou to the guests．【解答】考查动词，介绍introduce，根据句意要用一般过去时态，在句中作谓语．故答案为introduced．3．（2018•泰州）People all over the country feel proud that all China's spacecraft have successfully（成功地）returned to the earth．【解答】考查副词，成功地successfully，在句中作状语．故答案为successfully．4．（2018•泰州）The driver regretted（后悔）his carelessness in diving and went to the hospital to say sorry to his passengers．【解答】考查动词，后悔regret．根据句意要用一般过去时态．在句中作谓语．故答案为regretted．5．（2018•泰州）The Hong Kong﹣Zhuhai﹣Macao is considered as one of the "seven wonders of the modern（现代的）world．"【解答】考查形容词，现在的modern，在句中作定语．故答案为modern．6．（2017•泰州）There have been many models（模型）of China's new plane C919since it flew into the sky on May 5this year．【解答】答案：models根据句意，考查名词复数．模型model，放在many 后面要用名词复数，故答案为models．7．（2017•泰州）Taizhou is an old city with a long history of more than two thousand （千）years．【解答】考查数词，千thousand，前面有具体的数字时，不能加s．故答案为thousand．8．（2017•泰州）David showed great courage（勇气）during his fight against illness last year．【解答】考查名词，勇气courage，不可数名词，作宾语．故答案为courage．9．（2017•泰州）My mother goes shopping every week﹣﹣there is a shopping mall just across from（在..对面）our house．【解答】在..对面across from，介词短语作状语．故答案为across from．10．（2017•泰州）We all feel proud（骄傲的）that China put its first homemade aircraft carrier（国产航空母舰）in water on April 26，2017．【解答】骄傲的proud，形容词作表语．故答案为proud．11．（2016•泰州）Tu Youyou won China's first Nobel Prize in Medicine in October （十月），2015．【解答】答案；October根据提示"十月"可知，这里考查对表示月份的单词的掌握情况．十月：October．书写的时候要注意，首字母要大写．12．（2016•泰州）The population（人口）of China may incerase fast because of the second﹣child policy（政策）．【解答】答案；population根据提示词和现有词语"The _ of China"此句意为：由于二胎政策，中国的人口可能会快速增长．人口：population，在这里它是一个集合名词，无复数形式．故答案为：population13．（2017•阜康市）At my first art show，a famous professor praised me and encouraged（鼓励）me to keep trying and make more wonderful pictures．【解答】答案：encouraged根据"praised me and…"中的"and"可知，这里的鼓励跟"praised"是并列关系，所以这里考查的是鼓励的动词形式，又因为praised是过去式形式，所以这里也应该用encourage的过去式，故答案为encouraged14．（2016•泰州）The direct（直达的）flight from Yangzhou and Taizhou to Korea was opened on April 8，2016．【解答】答案：direct根据提示词"直达的"可知此处考查的是形容词，修饰名词flight，这句话的意思为"从扬州和台州到韩国的直达航班在2016年4月8日开通了．"直达的：direct15．（2016•泰州）One Belt，One Road（一带一路）is helpful for the development of the international（国际的）trade．【解答】答案：international 根据题干One Belt，One Road（一带一路）is helpful for the development of the_____（国际的）trade．可知句意为：一带一路有利于国际贸易的发展．修饰名词trade，应该用形容词．international，国际的，形容词．故填：international．national表示国家的，国民的．二．词汇应用（共5小题）16．（2015•泰州）Taizhou has a long history（历史）of over 2，000years．【解答】答案：history；根据句中信息Taizhou has a long…（历史）of over 2，000years．可知该单词用名词单数形式，根据汉语提示，"历史"翻译为：history；故填history．17．（2015•泰州）To realize the Chinese Dream will bring peace{和平）to the world．【解答】答案：peace；根据句中信息the Chinese Dream will bring…{和平）to the world可知所缺单词在句中作动词bring的宾语，用名词形式，根据汉语提示，"和平"翻译为：peace，名词；故填：peace．18．（2015•泰州）When autumn comes，tree leaves（叶子）turn brown and fall。

词语运用2017五、词语运用(10小题，每小题1分，共10分)阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。

请将答案写在下面题号后的横线上。

每空限填一词，每词限用一次。

方框中有两个词是多余的。

Nine-year-old Jimmy was given a task in school to write a story on "My family's ancestors(祖先)". The purpose was for the kids to 66 their family history.In search of some 67 for his task. Jimmy interviewed his grandmother who of course 68 nothing about the reason why Jimmy asked such questions.When she was asked, "Granny, where did I come from?" his grandma was quite 69. Why didn't he ask his parents? She had to be quite careful when talking 70 a kid about such a subject. She wanted to buy some time, 71 she replied," Well, sweetie , the stork(鹳鸟) brought you." She said no 72 , hoping that the subject would be dropped until Jimmy's parents came back."So , where did Mom come from?""The stork brought her also.""Well, then where did you come from?"" The stork brought 73 too, sweetie""All right, thanks, Granny"74 grandmother did not think anything more about his questions. Three days later, when she was tidying up and 75 at Jimmy's desk, she read the first sentence of his paper," For three generations(辈)there have been no natural births in our family".五、词语运用(10小题，每小题1分，共10分)66. understand 67. answers 68. knew 69. nervous 70. with71. so 72. more 73. me 74. Jimmy's 75.looking2018五、词语运用（10小题，每小题1分，共10分）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。

名词语法考点解析考点一名词词义辨析有些名词在不一样的语言环境中有不一样的词义。

词义辨析题旨在考察学生可否通过对上下文的理解，使用适合的词汇，考察形式主要有以下三种：1．一词多义一词多义指某个名词拥有两种或两种以上的常有意义，在不一样的语言环境中有不一样的意义。

orange橘子 ( 汁) ；橘黄色fish鱼；鱼肉chicken小鸡；鸡肉paper纸；报纸；试卷glass玻璃；玻璃杯light电灯；光2．近义词辨析近义词指某几个名词在乎义上比较邻近，但使用范围有差异。

英语中的近义词比许多，考试中出现频次较高的近义词有以下几组：home, family, house家problem, question, trouble问题clothing, clothes, dress衣服job, work 工作sound, voice, noise声音person, people, human人message, information信息street, road, way路travel, trip, journey旅游competition, game, match竞赛3．语境辨词语境辨词就是运用我们的生活经验、知识累积，依据上下文推断出空格地方要表达的意思，进而选出正确的词语，如我们渴了就需要水(water) 、饮料 (tea,coffee, juice等)；饿了就需要食品(bread, rice, meat, cake信需要去 post office；取钱需要去bank。

I'm thirsty, Mom. Could you give me some water to drink等) ；我们寄？妈妈，我渴了。

你能够给我点水喝吗？1．( 2018·重庆南开中学期中 ) —Lucy, would you like to go to the to watch the newest action movie Operation Red Sea with me?—Sure, I'd love to and I heard it was really exciting.A．cinema B．library C．park D.station2．( 2018·江苏镇江润州二模 )Spud Webbhas influenced memost. His stories give me muchto face all kinds of difficulties.A．luck B．wealthC．decision D.courage3．( 2018·湖北鄂州梁子湖 5 月质量监测 )David is a sports reporter. He asks for a(n)with the big sports star.A．instruction B．inventionC．invitation D．interview4． ( 2018·广东珠海九洲中学三模 )It's a wise to drink some greentea every day. It's good for our health.A．choice B.supportC．mixture D.honor5 ． ( 2018·山东潍坊模拟 )To the parents'joy, their son made great this term.A．result B．progressC．suggestion D．preparation6．( 2018·山东东营广饶模拟 ) —Do you know China's famous scientist Pan Jianwei?—You mean “the father of quantum(量子之父)”？—Yes, he is the of our country.A．pride B．prizeC．proud D．heart7．( 2018·江苏泰州兴化顾庄学区一模 )It is better to travel 10，000 miles than to read 10 ，000 books, so it's important to have real with languages, cultures and societies.A．communication B．experienceC．knowledge D．influence8 ． ( 2018·安徽中考 ) —What is the of your excellent spoken English?—Practice makes perfect!A．resultC．duty9．( 2018·湖北襄阳中考B.influenceD.secret) —Mom, I'm thirteen now. Can I ride a bike toschool?—Yes, you can. But you must follow the traffic A．rules B．plans C．safety D．accident 10．( 2018·天津中考 )Her smile made me feel on the way.warm and lively.It was likea hidden．A．competition C．treasure B．interview D．tradition考点二名词的数名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不行数名词。

2019年中考真题英语分项汇编专题18 词汇运用考点4选词填空一、【2019 •浙江省绍兴市】用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次（每空一词）。

aloud lock behave their low（1）Make sure the door is ________ when you leave the room.（2）It's so cold today. The temperature may be the ________ this winter.（3）The pain in his leg made him cry ________.（4）Mary always ________ so well that everyone likes her.（5）When our washing machine broke, our neighbors let us use ________.【答案与解析】（1）locked 句意：离开房间时一定要锁门。

根据句子结构可知，缺少谓语动词，要用lock。

door与lock之间是被动关系，要用被动语态be +过去分词。

空格前有is，要用lock的过去分词locked，故答案为locked。

（2）lowest 句意：今天很冷。

今年冬天气温可能是最低的。

根据空格前有be和the，要用形容词最高级。

由this winter，这个冬天，可知温度最低的，要用low的最高级lowest，故答案为lowest。

（3）aloud 句意：他的腿疼得他大声哭了起来。

根据cry，哭泣，动词，修饰动词要用副词，要用aloud，此处要用原级aloud，故答案为aloud。

（4）behaves 句意：玛丽总是表现得很好，每个人都喜欢她。

根据句子结构可知缺少谓语动词。

由everyone likes her，可知一定是行为表现好，要用behave，表现；always，总是，频率副词，常与一般现在时连用；主语Mary，第三人称单数，谓语动词behave的第三人称单数behaves，故答案为behaves。

2019全国各地中考英语真题之词语运用山西As a famous piano master, Paderewski was admired by many people. Wishing to make progress on the piano, one day, a boy 70. to a Paderewski’s concert by his mother. After they were seated, the mother saw a friend and walked up to greet her, leaving the boy alone in 71. seat.Catching the chance to explore the wonders of the concert hall, the little boy stood up and finally made his way through a door 72. was marked “No Admittance(进入)” . Soon, the hall got dark and the concert was about to begin. When the mother 73. to her seat, she discovered that the child was missing.Suddently the lights focused on the piano on the stage. In surprise, the mother found her little boy sitting at the piano. 74. knowing where he was, the boy was picking out Twinkle, Twinkle, Little star.At the moment, the great piano master appeared, moved to the piano 75. , and whispered (耳语) in the boy’s ear, “Don’t stop. Keep playing.” Then he sat down and added a running obbligato (伴奏). Together, the old master and the young beginner changed an embarrassingsituation into a wonderfully creative experience. It became one of the 76. parts of the whole concert that evening. The people were touched so much by the master and the mother was shocked. She believed that such an experience would make a big 77. to her boy’s life.In fact, that’s the way it is in life. What we can do on our own is hardly unusual. We tried our best, but the 78. aren’t ex actly smooth music like what we have expected. But when we trust in the hands of a greater power, our life’s work can be truly beautiful.Next time, you set out to achieve great works, listen carefully. Y ou can hear the voice of the master, whispering in your ear, “Don’t stop. Keep playing.”云南昆明While some people stick to only 66. _______ (first)kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day.When I'm down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up. Comedies or cartoons have funny dialog and 67. _____ (usual)have a happy ending. The characters may not be perfect, but they do 68._______(them ) best to solve the problems. 69. _______(after) watching them, I find the problems suddenly seem less serious and feel much better. Laughing for two hours is a good way 70. _______(relax).I don’t watch dramas or documentaries when I’m sad or tired. Dramasmake me feel even 71. _______(sad). Documentaries 72. _________ (provide) plenty of information about a certain subject, but when I'm tired I don't want to think too much. I don’t mind action movies when I’mtoo tired to think. I can just shut off my brain, sit back and enjoy 73. _______(watch)an exciting superhero.Once in a while, I like to watch scary 74. ______(movie). They can be fun, but I'm too scared to watch them alone, so I always bring my brother. He 75. _______ (are)afraid of these kinds of movies, and I don't feel so scared with him湖北黄冈Dear LauraThanks for your message. Yes, I’m having a great time on my exchange program in France.I was a bit nervous before I arrive here, but there was no reason to be. My host family is really niceThey go out of their way 70. _____(make) me feel at home. The grandmother has a teenage daughter about my age 71. ______ is really kind. She always talks to me in French to help me.And you wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has 72. ______ (improve)! I’m very comfortable speaking French now. 73. _____ I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t worry me as it used to.My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.74. As you can imagine, things are really different from the way they are at home, For example, you shouldn’t put your bread on your plate. You 75. __________(suppose) to put it on the table! I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I' m used to it. You shouldn’t eat 76. _______(something) with your hands except bread, not even fruit! Youhave to cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another thing is that it is very 77. _______(polite) to say you're full. If you don't want any more food, you should just say. " It was delicious. "Also, you shouldn't put your elbows on the table. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m 78. _________ (gradual )getting used to it. I don’t find French customs so strange any more.Dear Laura, I' ll write again soon and tell you more about my life in France. Hope you are having 79. _______ good school year.浙江绍兴Tani, 8 years old, ran away from Nigeria with his family two years ago. 61. _____ they got to the United States, a churchman 62. _____ (warm) helped place them in a homeless shelter(收容所) in New York. Tani’s dad worked as a driver. And his mom studied hard 63. ______ (become)a nurse. Tani started going to Primary School 116. There, 64._______ learned to play the game that would change his life: chess.On March 10th, Tani 65. ______ (win) a state champion(冠军)for little kids. He beat 73 other players. Some had practiced with private chess teachers, but Tani had practiced on 66. ______ floor of the homeless shelter alone.A reporter wrote an article about Tan. In three weeks, thousands 67. ____ people gave away over S250,000 to Tani and his family on Go FundMe. Some also left 68. ______( message). "Tani! You are a superstar! " one person wrote.Recently, Tani and his family 69. ______ (decide)o give away all the money. Thanks to others' help, we live much 70. _______ (happily) than before.”Tani’s father, Kayode, told Time for Kids. "Now we want to helppoor people.”河南The summer holiday was coming but Zach was a little sad. He would have to move 66. _____ the holiday, leaving his friends and his tree house. The tree house was Zach's favorite place to go to when he wanted to be alone. He also liked 67. ____ his friends there. They would play for 68. ___.Zach told his mom, “I don’t want to move. I’m going to miss my friends. I’m also going to miss my tree house. I want to take it with me.”“Zach, but we have to 69. _____ your father’s changed his job. He is already 70. ____ waiting for us. You will have a much 71. _____ bedroom, and you will meet new friends at your new school.” 72. ______ his mom. Zach wasn’t so sure.When Zach and his mom arrived, Dad took Zach to the backyard. There, Zach saw a big tree house. "Wow! "Zach shouted. " This is great! "All of a sudden, Zach heard a 73. ____voice. "Are you moving in? My name is Joey and I live next 74. ____. Can I have a look at your tree house?”"I think I’m going to 75. _____ it here after all! Zach told his mom and dad that night.成都Is it true that we British people have a different sense of humor from people in other countries? Let’s have a look at what we laugh at in 1. Britain________.To us British people, 2. ______ powerful and important people often cause laughter. It's not just politicians(政客)who make us laugh, but anyone whose job is to tell other people what to do and who takes 3. _____ too seriously.We laugh at the power, but also, pitifully, at anyone who is treated 4.______. We know they cannot win, but if they do win sometimes, it's even funnier5. ______. Our clowns(小丑)are often silly people doing silly things, while in America，they are often clever people doing clever things ---and winning6. ________ at last.The fact that we laugh when other people might feel 7. ______is one of the strangest things to learn about British humor. We do have a strong sense of irony (反讽). After some terrible experience, we might say, "Not very 8.______. "And we might say in the middle of a typhoon. "It’s a bit windy today. "Or "There is a tiny problem," when something has gone 9._____ wrong. We don't like to express strong feelings, but just"keep calm and carry on”.Another thing that can make it difficult 10. ______ British humor is that we don' t always laugh or even smile when we say something funny. We often keep a straight face or use an unsmiling expression when we’remaking a joke.Do you think the British sense of humor is special?河北I have a photo album( 相册). It's a present from my classmate David。

根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写。

使句意明确，语言通顺。

(2019安徽)91. It is helpful to have a clear i_________ (想法) of what you want.(2019安徽)92. My English teacher is always r_________ (准备好) with advice for our study and life.(2019安徽)93. The six-year-old American girl has learned hundreds of Chinese p________ (诗). (2019安徽)94. We will go climbing tomorrow if the weather is f_________ (晴朗的).(2019安徽)95. The engineers are going to t__________ (测试) the self-driving car in our city. 91. idea 句意：对于你想要的东西有一个清晰的想法是有用的。

根据首字母和汉语提示知填idea。

92. ready 句意：我的英语老师总是为我们学习和生活准备好建议。

be ready for是固定结构，意为“为……而准备”。

再根据首字母和汉语提示确认答案为ready。

93. poems 句意：这个六岁美国小女孩已经学习了好几百首中国诗。

根据首字母和汉语提示考虑到单词poem。

从空前的hundreds of知，这里用名词复数。

故填poems。

94. fine 句意：如果天气晴朗，我们明天将去爬山。

根据首字母和汉语提示知填fine。

95. test 句意：那工程师打算在我们城市测试无人驾驶汽车。

根据首字母和汉语提示知填test。

四、单词拼写与运用(共8小题，计8分)根据句意完成已给出首字母或汉语提示的单词，使补全后的句子意思通顺，语法正1. (2019·山东济宁) M is the day after Sunday and before Tuesday.2. (2019·山东济宁) China is the biggest country in A .3. (2019·山东济宁) The young man was b enough to save his neighbours from a fire.4. (2019·山东济宁) A all the school subjects, English is my favourite.答案：1. Money 2. Asia 3. brave 4. Among1.Money 【解析】在星期天之后星期二之前是星期一。

词语运用2017X. 词语运用(共5小题，每小题1分，计5分)根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。

I’m John. I’m in Grade Eight71. a Rocky Mountain High School. Every72.M . I go to the Buddy Club. In the club, older students help new students learn more about the school. My friend Sam is in the 73.______________ (ten) grade. He often listens74._____________ (careful) to my problems. He always offers 75. ______________ (I) some help. He is a hero in my heart.We have different 76._____________ (class) every day. On Friday afternoon, our school ends 77. __________ (early) than usual. My friends 78.______________ I often go to the Science Club together. Twice79. __________ week, we write robot programmes after school. We love making things, so we practice hard each time. Our team80. ______________ (win) two competitions last term. We were very happy.【答案】71. at 72. Monday 73. tenth 74. carefully 75. me76. classes 77. earlier 78. and 79. a/ every 80. won【解析】本文作者John讲述了自己的学校生活。

2019年中考真题英语分项汇编专题18 词汇运用考点4选词填空一、【2019 •浙江省金华、义乌、丽水市】用所给词语的适当形式填空。

每词限用一次。

31. Hearing the bad news, he sat down ____.32. Spring Festival is celebrated in many ____ countries.33. It’s terribly hot outside. There isn’t ____ in the square.34. The old man takes good care of his dog and ____ it as a friend.35. I’m so excited that my parents agreed to ____ my trip to France.【答案与解析】31. silently 根据题干Hearing the bad news, he sat down ____.结合备选词汇，可知应选择silent，意为“沉默的”，形容词；句意为：听到这个坏消息，他默默地坐了下来。

设空处修饰前面的动词短语，所以应用silent的副词形式silently“默默地”，故答案填silently。

32. Asian 根据题干Spring Festival is celebrated in many ____ countries.结合备选词汇，可知应选择Asia“亚洲”，名词；句意为：许多亚洲国家都庆祝春节。

设空处修饰后面的名词复数countries，所以这里应用与Asia所对应的形容词Asian“亚洲的”，故答案填Asian。

33. anybody 根据题干It’s terribly hot outside. There isn’t ____ in the square. 结合备选词汇，可知应选择anybody“任何人”；句意为：外面热得要命，广场上一个人也没有。