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石油市场的国际价格分析石油作为全球能源消耗最为重要的产品之一，其价格波动一直备受关注。
本文将对石油市场的国际价格进行分析，并探讨其影响因素。
一、石油市场概述石油市场是指以原油和石油制品为主要交易对象的市场。
其价格受到供需关系、地缘政治因素、货币政策等多个因素的影响。
二、石油价格趋势分析1. 长期趋势在过去几十年中，石油价格经历了多次波动。
上世纪70年代的石油危机导致价格飙升，而20世纪90年代的石油价格持续低迷。
近年来，石油价格经历了较大的波动，但总体趋势呈现上涨态势。
2. 季节因素石油市场的价格还受到季节因素的影响。
例如，冬季需求增加，暖季需求减少，这会导致石油价格的波动。
3. 经济增长全球经济增长与石油需求密切相关。
当经济增长加速时，对石油的需求也相应增加，进而推高石油价格。
相反，经济增长放缓则会导致石油需求下降。
三、石油市场的影响因素1. OPEC政策石油输出国组织（OPEC）对石油市场有重要影响力。
该组织通过调整石油产量，来控制供给与价格。
OPEC的决策对国际石油价格有较大影响。
2. 地缘政治冲突地缘政治因素对石油价格有直接影响。
例如，中东地区的冲突可能导致石油供应受阻，引发石油价格上涨。
与此相伴随的是地缘政治冲突可能引发市场的恐慌情绪，进一步推高石油价格。
3. 货币政策货币政策对石油价格有间接影响。
当货币贬值时，石油价格通常上涨。
原因在于油价以美元计价，当美元贬值，购买石油所需的美元额度增加，从而推高石油价格。
四、石油市场的价格指标1. 布伦特原油价格布伦特原油被视为国际石油市场的参考价格。
其价格波动被广泛关注和引用。
2. 美国WTI原油价格美国西得克萨斯轻质原油（WTI）的价格也是石油市场的重要参考指标。
3. OPEC篮子价格OPEC篮子价格是OPEC成员国出口的一揽子原油价格的加权平均值。
它反映了OPEC成员国原油价格的整体情况。
五、石油价格对经济的影响石油价格的波动对全球经济有重要影响。
【石油定价】国际原油市场的价格体系一、国际原油市场定价体系介绍：国际原油市场经过多年发展，已经形成了一个环环相扣、全球联动的矩阵式价格体系。
用一句话可概括为4大区域，6大基准油种。
所谓4大区域，即美洲、远东、中东、欧非（包括西非、西北欧及地中海）四大区域。
所谓6大基准油品，即美国西得克萨斯原油、英国北海布伦特原油、迪拜原油、阿曼原油、米纳斯原油、塔皮斯原油。
（1）美国西得克萨斯原油（US West Texas Intermediate,WTI）。
WTI原油是美洲地区所有原油实物交易的定价基准，其价格主要由纽约期货交易所的WTI原油期货合约交易来决定。
（2）英国北海布伦特原油（UK North Sea Crude Brent）。
全球约80%的原油实货交易都与Brent联动，产自西北欧、北海、地中海及非洲的原油，甚至一些中东国家（如也门）的原油都是用Brent原油作为价格基准。
（3）迪拜和阿曼原油（Dubai and Oman）。
迪拜和阿曼原油是中东地区出产的高硫原油价格基准，他的价格一度由场外掉期市场（OTC）所决定，2007年迪拜商品期货交易所（DME）成立后，阿曼原油有了期货合约。
（4）米纳斯原油和塔皮斯原油（Minas and Tapis）。
米纳斯和塔皮斯原油是远东地区原油的价格基准。
米纳斯的价格来源为官价，被称为ICP Minas （Indonesian crude prices）。
塔皮斯原油是东南亚地区出产的原油的价格基准。
由于原油市场四大区域中，有三大区域都拥有期货交易所及相应的原油期货合约，同时还有广阔的场外市场提供各种掉期合约及各类差价合约，使得国际原油市场形成了以原油期货合约为主干，以各类掉期合约为分支，以各类差价合约为转换工具，结构缜密的矩阵式价格体系。
页脚内容1二、布伦特原油价格体系布伦特原油价格体系是世界原油价格体系中最重要的一环，它由如下四个市场共同构成。
（一）带船期的布伦特市场（Dated Brent,DTD）市场带船期的布伦特指已经带有具体装船日期、很快就要装船的布伦特原油。
原油深度报告1、欧盟禁运俄罗斯石油将加速欧洲摆脱对俄能源依赖1.1、俄乌冲突成为欧洲切断对俄罗斯的石油依赖的导火索俄乌冲突发生以来，俄罗斯供应前景成为原油市场的核心焦点。
俄罗斯在能源领域的重要程度不言而喻，就石油而言，俄罗斯2021年原油和凝析油产量平均1,050万桶/天，向全球出口约400-500万桶/天原油和200-300万桶/天成品油。
自俄乌冲突以来，美国和欧盟等对俄罗斯逐步实施全方面的制裁，不仅局限于金融和能源领域。
就石油相关的制裁，目前仅有美国、英国、加拿大和澳大利亚四国宣布禁止俄罗斯原油进口，但这四国本身对俄罗斯的依赖就较低，2021年合计进口俄罗斯原油仅约27万桶/天。
欧盟在5月初提议第六轮对俄罗斯制裁，包括石油禁运，虽然谈判过程出现一些波折，最终在6月初落地。
在欧盟部分禁运落地前，相关企业因担心声誉风险，实际早已处于自我制裁的状态。
西方大型国际石油公司不仅表示将撤出现有投资，停止与俄罗斯的现货原油交易，并将在可行的情况下在2022年底不再续签定期合同。
在5月15日生效的欧盟第四轮制裁中包括禁止欧盟企业与某些俄罗斯国有企业进行交易，虽然在制裁措辞中涉及能源安全的“绝对必要”交易被豁免，但出于审慎角度，欧美贸易商大多已经在着手削减相关的现货交易。
欧洲大陆过去是俄罗斯原油最主要的买家之一，通过管道和海运出口至欧洲的原油占俄罗斯总出口的近50%左右，成品油占比更是接近70%。
由于制裁和市场自我制裁，俄罗斯原油价格自冲突以来始终维持深度折价的状态，主要出口油种Urals较DatedBrent折价达到35美元/桶的历史极值。
已宣布降低采购的西方石油企业在2021年的平均原油进口量约58万桶/天，欧盟海运禁令涉及规模将接近220万桶/天原油和120万桶/天的石油产品，都需要寻找新买家。
1.2、欧盟豁免Druzhba管道进口不足以改变降低依赖的大趋势冲突前，欧洲进口俄罗斯原油中，大约73万桶/天是通过管道进口，约占总量的三分之一。
2022年国际原油价格走势图表数据说明2023年02月，WTI原油价格为75.88美元/桶。
2023年01月，WTI原油价格期末同比增长率为-10.27%，增速低于下文报表中的平均值66.414%, 增速承压。
数据最近更新日期：2023-02-06 21:04:05。
数据来源：互联网采集入库。
2023年02月数据说明：2023年02月数据为2月5日数据，非最终数据。
即2023年02月的数据会在后续几天继续更新。
WTI原油价格1) 期末值走势图放大图片年份数据前后两年比较数据1) WTI原油价格数据2023年02月2023年01月2022年12月2022年11月75.88 77.9 78.4 78.22022年10月2022年09月2022年08月2022年07月87.9 82.15 91.64 96.422022年06月2022年05月2022年04月2022年01月109.78 115.07 105.36 86.822021年12月2021年11月2021年10月2021年09月75.21 69.95 82.81 74.83 WTI原油价格期末同比增长率1) 走势图放大图片年份数据前后两年比较数据1) WTI原油价格期末同比增长率数据2023年01月2022年12月2022年11月2022年10月-10.27 4.24 11.79 6.152022年09月2022年08月2022年07月2022年06月9.78 32.54 30.97 49.422022年05月2022年04月2022年01月2021年12月72.13 65.71 65.88 55.392021年11月2021年10月2021年09月2021年08月53.63 128.95 86.05 60.9。
国际原油价格走势分析：下跌压力依然较大原油即石油，也称黑色金子，习惯上称直接从油井中开采出来未加工的石油为原油，石油主要被用来作为燃油和汽油，燃料油和汽油组成世界上最重要的一次能源之一。
石油也是很多化学工业产品——如溶剂、化肥、杀虫剂和塑料等的原料。
下文是对国际原油价格走势分析。
上周五（5月29日）美盘时段，国际原油消失强力的技术面反弹，WTI原油一举刷新周内高点至60.67美元/桶，目前交投于前高60.22美元/桶以下，布伦特原油表现弱于WTI创出日内高点65.79美元/桶，并未突破周一制造的66.19美元/桶的周内高点。
技术面上，国际原油价格的下跌趋势并没有反转，依旧处于下跌通道之中，只是从通道下轨运动至了通道上轨，是否突破上轨开启上升趋势有待检验，日内下跌压力依旧较大。
本周五美国劳工部将会公布美国5月的非农就业报告数据，或示意加息预期，对商品价格及非农货币对形成打压。
精品投行EvercoreISI的副主席KrishnaGuha表示，今年GDP的（季度）平均增速最低只要2.25%，加之每月非农新增约20万人就业，就足以让美联储在9月开头加息。
今年迄今，月均非农新增就业19.4万人，较去年的26万人大幅下滑。
OPEC的年度例会会在本周五做出是否减产的打算，除了一些成员国的石油部长之外，一些成员国的代表也认为，该组织可能宣布维持产量配额不变。
一位OPEC成员国高级事务代表对外媒称，国际油价估计将从当前水平企稳甚至走高，需求依旧强劲，库存正处于平衡，全球石油市场好像处于良好状态，因此，OPEC可能维持产量目标不变，“再者，俄罗斯和其他非OPEC供应国也已经表达了他们没有联合减产的意愿。
”还有两位OPEC成员国高级事务代表估计，OPEC 将按兵不动，“油价在60-65美元/桶区间，至少已经从之前的水平改善了不少。
尽管市场仍旧供应过剩，但过剩量低于去年11月时的水平。
”然而大趋势上，市场依旧认为油价会重回上升趋势。
世界原油市场三大基准
目前世界上的原油交易有三大基准价格，分别是WTI原油价格、布伦特原油价格、迪拜原油价格。
WTI原油是美国西得克萨斯的轻质原油，所有在美国生产或销往美国的原油在计价时都以轻质低硫（高品质）的WTI作为基准。
布伦特原油出产于英国北海的布伦特和尼尼安油田的轻质低硫（高品质）原油，在期货、场外掉期、远期和即期现货市场上被广泛交易。
现全球65%以上的实货原油挂靠布伦特体系定价。
迪拜原油是阿联酋出产的一种原油，是含硫量比较高的原油（中品质）的主要定价基准，尤其是用于为中东出口至亚洲的原油定价。
三种石油价格互相影响，面对的客户炼油厂有所不同（因为不同石油的加工工艺条件不同, 改工艺很费劲）。
俄罗斯的石油品质代表是乌拉尔石油，过去以高硫重质为人所知，它的处理相对工艺成本较高。
但是据说今年乌拉尔石油进行了品质提升。
8月天然原油价格走势分析
讯：
内容提要：在持续半年的利比亚内战几近结束并且美国经济持续显现疲态等因素的影响下，8月份，国际油价震荡下挫，临近月末企稳回升。
2011-2015年中国天然原油市场供需预测与投资战略咨询研究报告
8月份，美国WTI原油、英国布伦特原油以及亚洲迪拜原油的现货价格平均分别为88.96美元/桶、111.23美元/桶、106.26美元/桶，每桶分别较7月份下降2.51美元、3.02美元和1.72美元。
WTI原油平均价格环比本年7月份降幅达-2.74，WTI原油月度平均价格同比上涨13.58%；布伦特原油平均价格环比本年7月份降幅达-2.64%，布伦特原油月度平均价格同比上涨41.93%；8月，迪拜原油平均价格环比本年7月份降幅达-1.59%，同比上涨42.13%。
进入8月份，一直影响石油市场走向的美国债务上限谈判圆满解决，但市场对经济复苏的疑虑加重，加之美国制造业数据创2009年以来的新低，美国原油成品油库存激增，汽油需求持续下降，国际原油价格一路下跌，4日当天重挫近5.8%。
WTI原油近月期货价格从上月末的95美元/桶左右一路下挫，8月9日跌破80美元/桶，盘中触及10个月低位。
8月19日，由于投资者在合约到期前获利了结和结清头寸，油价再度被拉低。
8月近月NYMEX原油合约价格总体下挫6.89美元/桶（－7.2%），为5月份以来最大单月百分比跌幅。
随着美国经济持续显现疲态，复苏乏力，美国WTI原油与布伦特原油价差进一步扩大。
8月19日，WTI与布伦特原油价差创下26.21美元/桶的新高。
总体价差水平从7月份的15-24美元/桶上升到21-27美元/桶。
-全文完-。
08:09 06Jan12 -PLATTS: PLATTS CRUDE OIL MARKETWIRE 05JAN12 <PWC100>New York (Platt's)--NEW YORK, Jan 05, 2012, VOL: 33 , NO: 3 COPYRIGHT (C) 2012 THEMCGRAW-HILL COMPANIES ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THE MCGRAW-HILL COMPANIES MAKES NOWARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY OF INFORMA TION, OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROMUSE. NO PORTION OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PHOTOCOPIED, REPRODUCED, RETRANSMITTED, PUT INTO A COMPUTER SYSTEM OR OTHERWISE REDISTRIBUTED WITHOUTPRIOR WRITTEN AUTHORIZATION FROM PLATTS. PLATTS IS A TRADEMARK OF THE MCGRAW-HILL COMPANIES INC.EDITORIAL: Global/Dave Ernsberger +44 20 7176 6116;London/Joel Hanley +44 20 7176 6142,Benno Spencer +44 20 7176 6114,Ellie Weir +44 20 7176 6112, Natalia Beales +44 20 7176 6683;Singapore/Sharmilpal Kaur, +65-6530-6575; Wendy Cheong +65-6530-6573;Houston/Esa Ramasamy +1 713 658 3292, David Ruisard +1713 658 3224, Richard Capuchino +1 713 658 3208.CLIENT SERVICES INFORMATION: North America: 800-PLATTS8 (800-752-8878);direct: +1 212-904-3070; Europe & Middle East: +44-20-7176-6111; AsianPacific: +65-6530-6430; Latin America: + 54-11-4804-1890, E-mail:support@ASSESSMENT SPECIFICATIONS are available at Key benchmarks ($/bbl):Dubai(MAR) 2.23 110.80-110.82 2.23Dubai(APR) 1.96 109.91-109.93 1.96Dubai(MAY) 2.04 109.60-109.62 2.04MEC (MAR) 2.23 110.80-110.82 2.23MEC (APR) 1.96 109.91-109.93 1.96MEC (MAY) 2.04 109.60-109.62 2.04Brent/Dubai -0.70 2.55-2.57 -0.70Brent (Dtd) 0.63 113.80-113.81 0.62Dated North Sea Light 0.63 113.80-113.81 0.62Brent(FEB) 0.81 113.31-113.33 0.81Brent(MAR) 1.15 113.24-113.26 1.15Brent(APR) 1.23 112.95-112.97 1.23Sulfur De-escalator 0.25WTI (FEB) -1.49 101.77-101.79 -1.49 WTI (MAR) -1.47 101.96-101.98 -1.47 WTI (APR) -1.46 102.17-102.19 -1.46 ACM (FEB)* -1.09 108.47-108.49 -1.09 ACM (MAR)* -1.07 108.31-108.33 -1.07 ACM (APR)* -1.06 108.07-108.09 -1.06 *Americas Crude MarkerMiddle East:Oman (MAR) 2.12 111.35-111.37 2.12 Oman (APR) 1.85 110.50-110.52 1.85 Oman (MAY) 1.93 110.23-110.25 1.93 Upper Zakum 2.23 110.79-110.83 2.23Dubai Swap (FEB) 1.96 109.90-109.94 1.96 Dubai Swap (MAR) 2.04 109.59-109.63 2.04 Dubai Swap (APR) 2.10 109.28-109.32 2.10Middle East spot assessments:Spread vs OSP Murban 113.96-114.00 -0.15/-0.05Lower Zakum 113.46-113.50 -0.30/-0.20Umm Shaif 113.06-113.10 -0.30/-0.20Qatar Land 112.47-112.51 -0.20/-0.10Qatar Marine 111.17-111.21 -0.25/-0.15Banoco Arab Medium 110.71-110.75 -0.25/-0.15Al Shaheen 112.24-112.28 2.60/2.70 ** Differential to DubaiRussian Urals/ESPO spot assessments:$/bbl spread vs fwdDTD Brent Urals (Rdam) 111.38-111.44 -1.82/-1.78Urals (Med) 111.55-111.61 -1.65/-1.61Urals (Ex-Novo) 109.38-109.44 -3.82/-3.78Urals Novo 80kt 108.79-108.85 -4.41/-4.37Urals (Ex-Baltic) 110.27-110.33 -2.93/-2.89Urals (Primorsk) 110.21-110.27 -2.99/-2.95Urals (RCMB) 112.15-112.20ESPO (FOB Kozmino) 116.11-116.13 2.94/2.96 Med CFD1st mth (Jan 12) 112.22-112.29 -1.58/-1.522nd mth (Feb 12) 112.87-112.94 -0.93/-0.873rd mth (Mar 12) 113.07-113.14 -0.73/ -0.67NWE CFD1st mth (Jan 12) 112.67-112.74 -1.13/ -1.072nd mth (Feb 12) 112.82-112.89 -0.98/ -0.923rd mth (Mar 12) 112.97-113.04 -0.83/ -0.77Forward Dated Brent:North Sea Dated strip 1.03 113.22-113.24 1.03Mediteranean Dated strip 1.08 113.20-113.22 1.08Canada Dated strip 1.12 113.13-113.14 1.12BTC Dated strip 1.09 113.20-113.21 1.09Angola Dated strip 1.10 113.16-113.18 1.11West Africa Dated strip 1.12 113.15-113.16 1.11Brent/WTI spreads and EFPs:Brent/WTI 1st 0.66 10.74/10.76 0.66Brent/WTI 2nd 0.99 10.48/10.50 0.99Brent/WTI 3rd 1.07 9.99/10.01 1.07Brent EFP (FEB) 0.07 0.01/0.03 0.07Brent EFP (MAR) 0.33 0.32/0.34 0.33Brent EFP (APR) 0.33 0.32/0.34 0.33WTI EFP (FEB) 0.00 -0.01/0.01 0.00WTI EFP (MAR) 0.00 -0.01/0.01 0.00WTI EFP (APR) 0.00 -0.01/0.01 0.00Asia-Pacific / Middle East spot crude assessments ($/bbl):Diff to Diff toAPI Assessment Dubai or ICP Dated Brent AssessmentGravity (Asian MOC) (Asian MOC) (Asian MOC) (London MOC) CondensateNW Shelf 61.9 108.58-108.62 -5.74 108.07Ras Gas 57.0 110.26-110.30 0.62/0.72 ** -4.06 109.75Qatar LSC 56.9 108.49-108.53 -1.15/-1.05 ** -5.83 107.98South Pars 57.4 107.74-107.78 -1.90/-1.80 ** -6.58 107.23Senipah 54.4 112.17-112.21 1.26/1.36 * -2.15 111.66LightCossack 47.7 116.75-116.79 2.43 116.24 Gippsland 48.7 117.07-117.11 2.75 116.56Tapis 45.2 122.06-122.10 7.74 121.55Belida 45.1 122.07-122.11 4.49/4.59 * 7.75 121.56Kutubu 44.3 118.26-118.30 3.94 117.75Handil Mix 43.9 118.51-118.55 1.72/1.82 * 4.19 118.00Attaka 42.3 121.63-121.67 3.47/3.57 * 7.31 121.12Vityaz Blend 41.6 114.89-114.93 5.25/5.35 0.57 114.38 Ardjuna 38.0 118.62-118.66 2.30/2.40 * 4.30 118.11 Sokol 39.7 119.39-119.43 9.44/9.54 ^ 5.07 118.88 Kikeh 34.9 123.75-123.79 9.43 123.24 ESPO M1 34.8 116.22-116.26 6.27/6.37 ^^ESPO M2 115.59-115.63 5.95/6.05 ^^Miri Light 32.3 123.60-123.64 9.28 123.09 Labuan 32.0 123.27-123.31 8.95 122.76 * Differential to ICP, ** Differential to Dubai,^ Differential to Oman/Dubai, ^^Differential to Dubai (APR)Medium Diff to ICPNanhai 40.0 116.31-116.35 1.99 115.80 Su Tu Den 36.8 121.23-121.27 5.11/5.21 * 6.91 120.72 Minas 35.8 122.24-122.28 7.84/7.94 7.92 121.73 Nile Blend 33.9 117.64-117.68 3.24/3.34 3.32 117.13 Bach Ho 40.7 123.00-123.04 6.15/6.25 * 8.68 122.49 Widuri 33.2 119.15-119.19 4.01/4.11 4.83 118.64 Daqing 32.2 119.96-120.00 5.64 119.45 Cinta 31.1 118.44-118.48 3.80/3.90 4.12 117.93* Differential to Bach Ho OSPHeavyDar Blend 25.0 108.06-108.10 -6.26 107.55 Shengli 24.2 119.73-119.77 5.41 119.22 Stybarrow 22.8 123.68 9.34 123.15 Enfield 22.0 124.24 9.90 123.71 Duri 20.8 119.06-119.10 6.12/6.22 4.74 118.55 Vincent 18.3 119.22 4.88 118.69Asian Crude Indices:$/barrel Interim Diff to FinalAsian Close Dated Brent London Close Asian Dated Brent (ADB) 114.34ADB Strip Asia 113.32 112.75 ADB Strip Middle East 112.87 112.45 Asian Crude Index (ACX) 114.28Asian Heavy Sweet (AHS): 122.38 8.04 121.85For definitions see /IM.Platts.Content/MethodologyReferences/ MethodologySpecs/crudeoilspecs.pdfNorth Sea spot crude assessments:Spread vs fwd$/bbl Dated BrentBNB 114.06-114.10 0.84/0.86 Forties 113.79-113.82 0.57/0.58 Oseberg 115.01-115.05 1.79/1.81Ekofisk 114.51-114.55 1.29/1.31 Statfjord 114.36-114.40 1.14/1.16Flotta 112.46-112.50 -0.76/-0.74 Statfjord(CIF) 115.46-115.50 2.24/2.26 Gullfaks (CIF) 117.01-117.05 3.79/3.81North Sea basket 114.34-114.38Dated Brent/BFOE swaps:Dated Brent swap CFD week 1 Jan 09/13(MAR) -0.01/0.01 113.23/113.27CFD week 2 Jan 16/20(MAR) -0.01/0.01 113.23/113.27CFD week 3 Jan 23/27(MAR) -0.06/-0.04 113.18/113.22CFD week 4 Jan 30/03(MAR) -0.07/-0.05 113.17/113.21CFD week 5 Feb 06/10(MAR) -0.08/-0.06 113.16/113.20CFD week 6 Feb 13/17(MAR) -0.15/-0.13 113.09/113.13CFD week 7 Feb 20/24(MAR) -0.22/-0.20 113.02/113.06CFD week 8 Feb 27/02(MAR) -0.29/-0.27 112.95/112.99West African spot crude assessments:$/bbl Spread vs fwd Dated Brent Bonny Light 115.90-115.96 2.75/2.80Qua Iboe 116.15-116.21 3.00/3.05 Forcados 116.70-116.76 3.55/3.60Agbami 113.85-113.91 0.70/0.75 Escravos 115.95-116.01 2.80/2.85Brass River 115.75-115.81 2.60/2.65Angola spot crude assessments:$/bbl Spread vs fwd Dated Brent Cabinda 113.91-113.98 0.75/0.80Nemba 113.86-113.93 0.70/0.75Dalia 112.81-112.88 -0.35/-0.30Girassol 115.31-115.38 2.15/2.20Hungo 112.26-112.33 -0.90/-0.85 Kissanje 114.16-114.23 1.00/1.05Mediterranean spot crude assessments:$/bbl Spread vs fwd Dated Brent Siberian Light CIF 113.45-113.52 0.25/0.30CPC Blend CIF 113.18-113.24 -0.02/0.02Azeri Light CIF 115.36-115.41 2.16/2.20CPC Blend FOB 111.20-111.26 -2.00/-1.96CPC FOB 80KT 110.62-110.68 -2.58/-2.54Azeri Light FOB 113.34-113.39 0.14/0.18Azeri Light FOB 80KT 112.77-112.83 -0.43/-0.38BTC FOB Ceyhan 114.17-114.22 0.97/1.01Suez Blend 108.39-108.45 -4.81/-4.77Es Sider 112.74-112.80 -0.46/-0.42Kirkuk 110.36-110.42 -2.84/-2.80Iranian Light (Sidi) 113.02-113.10 -0.18/-0.12Iranian Heavy (Sidi) 111.17-111.25 -2.03/-1.97Saharan Blend 113.50-113.57 0.30/0.35 Zarzaitine 113.65-113.72 0.45/0.50Kumkol 114.35-114.42 1.15/1.20Syrian Light FOB 112.95-113.01 -0.25/-0.21Syrian Heavy FOB 109.15-109.21 -4.05/-4.01US spot crude assessments:MARS (FEB) 109.37-109.39MARS (MAR) 109.21-109.23MARS (APR) 108.97-108.99P-PLUS WTI 3.11/3.13WTI-DELTA -0.27/-0.25P-5 WTI 98.32$/bbl spread vs 1st line WTI WTI (Midland) 100.97-100.99 -0.81/-0.79WTS (1st month) 99.82-99.84 -1.96/-1.94WTS (2nd month) 99.81-99.83 -2.16/-2.14 Eugene 111.07-111.09 9.29/9.31Bonito 111.07-111.09 9.29/9.31SGC 108.47-108.49 6.69/6.71 Poseidon 108.87-108.89 7.09/7.11LLS 113.22-113.24 11.44/11.46LLS (2nd month) 112.76-112.78 10.79/10.81HLS 114.22-114.24 12.44/12.46HLS (2nd month) 113.76-113.78 11.79/11.81Wyoming Sweet 94.12-94.14 -7.66/-7.64Thunder Horse 110.77-110.79 8.99/9.01Mars/WTI (FEB) 7.59/7.61Mars/WTI (MAR) 7.24/7.26Mars/WTI (APR) 6.79/6.81spread vs 1st line WTI CMA Bakken Blend ex-Guernsey 97.72-97.74 -4.31/-4.29Bakken Blend ex-Clearbrook 98.42-98.44 -3.61/-3.59P-5 WTI is a crude oil postings based index as of 5:30 PM local New York time. Posted prices by the following companies are used in the index: Conoco, Sunoco, Plains-Scurlock, Link, Equiva.Bakken Blend ex-Guernsey reflects 38-40 API and 0.2% sulfur. Bakken Blendex-Clearbrook reflects 38-40 API and 0.5% sulfur. Both grades are assessed versus calendar month average of 1st month NYMEX WTI futures at 3:15 pm ET.Delivered US Gulf Coast spot price assessment:$/bbl spread vs 2nd line WTI Basrah Light 110.06-110.08 8.09/8.11California spot crude assessments:Line 63/Hynes 107.15-107.19Thums/Long Beach 107.19-107.21Kern River 103.99-104.01P-Plus Line 63 -2.76/-2.74$/bbl spread vs cash WTIANS/Long Beach 109.99-110.03 8.00/8.02ANS is assessed versus calendar month average of 1st month cash WTI assessments.US domestic crude assessments London close:SpreadWTI (FEB) 102.56-102.58 -0.01/0.01 *WTI (MAR) 102.75-102.77 -0.01/0.01 *WTI (APR) 102.95-102.97 -0.01/0.01 *LLS (FEB) 113.95-113.99 11.39/11.41 **LLS (MAR) 113.54-113.58 10.79/10.81 **Mars(FEB) 110.25-110.29 7.69/7.71 **Mars(MAR) 110.04-110.08 7.29/7.31 **WTI, LLS, and Mars assessments reflect value at 16:30 London Close.*=Differential value at 16:30 London close. WTI EFP versus NYMEX light sweet crude futures. **=LLS and Mars differenials versus same-month cash WTI.America closes*:Americas Dated Brent 113.20-113.22ICE Brent Feb US Close 112.70ICE Brent Mar US Close 112.31NYMEX light sweet crude*Feb 101.78Mar 101.97Apr 102.18Americas Dated Brent reflects market value for Dated Brent at 3:15pm Eastern Time. Value of Brent futures contracts at US MOC close. *These assessmentsreflect prevailing futures value exactly at 3:15 pm ET. However, on thebusiness day preceding the following holidays, These assessments reflect thevalue of futures at precisely 1:30 pm ET: Christmas Day, New Years Day,Fourth of July, and Thanksgiving Day.Canadian spot crude cargo assessments:spread vs fwd Dated BrentTerra Nova 115.08-115.14 1.95/2.00Hibernia 115.18-115.24 2.05/2.10White Rose 115.78-115.89 2.65/2.75The published spreads for Canadian cargo assessments reflect the market valueat which these grades are trading versus Dated Brent around loading time. The spreads and fixed price assessments reflect a typical forward loading windowof 42-56 days forward. For further explanation see > Oil > Specifications > Crude oil specifications.Canadian spot crude assessments:C$/CM $/bbl spread vs Canada basis Lloyd Blend 539.89-540.53 84.18-84.28 -17.85/-17.75Mixed Sweet 617.18-617.82 96.23-96.33 -5.80/-5.70Light Sour Blend 607.55-608.20 94.73-94.83 -7.30/-7.20Midale 590.56-591.20 92.08-92.18 -9.95/-9.85 Condensates 706.96-707.61 110.23-110.33 8.20/8.30Syncrude Sweet Blend 648.28-648.92 101.08-101.18 -0.95/-0.85WCS Hardisty 541.50-542.14 84.43-84.53 -17.60/-17.50Cold Lake Hardisty 522.25-522.90 81.43-81.53 -20.60/-20.50USD/BBLWTI CMA (1st mo) 102.03Daily Canadian crude posting averages:C$/CM $/bblPar Crude 617.50-619.50 96.28-96.59Mixed Light Sour 587.00-589.00 91.53-91.84Bow River/Hardisty 576.50-578.50 89.89-90.20Light/Sour Cromer 619.00-621.00 96.52-96.83Sour - Edmonton 611.00-613.00 95.27-95.58Midale Cromer 603.00-605.00 94.02-94.33Latin American Assessments:Crude Marker $/bbl Differential Escalante WTI (MAR) 107.66-107.78 5.70/5.80 Roncador WTI (MAR) 107.46-107.58 5.50/5.60 Santa Barbara WTI (MAR) 111.66-111.78 9.70/9.80 Loreto WTI (MAR) 103.46-103.53 1.50/1.55 Oriente WTI (MAR) 103.96-104.03 2.00/2.05 Napo WTI (MAR) 99.96-100.03 -2.00/-1.95 Marlim WTI (MAR) 103.16-103.23 1.20/1.25 Castilla Blend WTI (MAR) 103.46-103.53 1.50/1.55 Cano Limon WTI (MAR) 108.26-108.33 6.30/6.35 Vasconia WTI (MAR) 107.26-107.33 5.30/5.35 Mesa 30 WTI (MAR) 107.76-107.83 5.80/5.85Platts euro-denominated assessments:European crude oil benchmarks (Euro/bbl)Dated Brent 88.90-88.91Urals (Mediterranean) 87.14-87.19US crude oil benchmarks (Euro/bbl):WTI (FEB) 80.12-80.13Mars (FEB) 86.13-86.16Euro/US$ forex rate: 1.2801 . Platts Euro denominated crude oil assessments are based on market values and a Euro/US$ forex rate at 4:30 PM local London time.Ruble-denominated Russian assessments:Russian crude oil benchmarks (Rubles/bbl)Urals FOB Novorossiysk 3502.35-3504.27Urals FOB Venspils 3530.85-3532.77Urals FOB Novorossiysk 80kt 3483.46-3485.38Urals CIF Mediterranean 3571.83-3573.75Urals CIF Rotterdam 3566.39-3568.31US$/Ruble forex rate:32.0200. Platts Russian Ruble-denominated crude oil assessments are based on market values and a Ruble/US$ forex rate at 4:30 PM local London time.Daily OPEC Basket Price:04Jan 111.73 +2.33Values are retroactively published for the previous business day.Effective January, 2009 the daily OPEC basket price represents an index of the following 12 grades: Algeria's Saharan Blend, Angola's Girassol, Ecuador's Oriente, Iranian Heavy, Iraq's Basra Light, Kuwait's Export, Libya's EsSider, Nigeria's Bonny Light, Qatar's Marine, Saudi Arabia's Arab Light,Murban of the UAE and Venezuela's Merey.Daily US$ vs EURO exchange rate:Forex rate at 4:30 PM local London time05Jan 1.2801Asia close Brent and WTI spot assessments:$/bblBRENT(FEB) 113.65-113.69BRENT(MAR) 113.35-113.39BRENT(APR) 113.06-113.10WTI(FEB) 103.06-103.10WTI(MAR) 103.23-103.27WTI(APR) 103.42-103.46OMAN OSPs and derivatives:$/bblOman/Dubai Swap (FEB) 0.57/0.61Oman/Dubai Swap (MAR) 0.61/0.65Oman/Dubai Swap (APR) 0.61/0.65Oman cash/OSP (MAR) 0.06/0.10Oman Swap (FEB) 110.49-110.53Oman Swap (MAR) 110.22-110.26Oman Swap (APR) 109.91-109.95Crude futures settlements:Nymex Nymex Light Sweet Nymex USG Sour FEB 101.81 -1.41 109.81 0.49 MAR 102.00 -1.40 109.56 0.49 APR 102.21 -1.39 109.46 0.69 MAY 102.42 -1.36 109.36 0.89 V olume 604724 PNT 43878 NADME OmanMAR 110.35 -0.35APR 109.25 -0.75MAY 108.80 -0.75JUN 108.40 -0.75V olume 4674 PNT 3200 DME Oman Asian SettleMAR 111.64 2.27V olume 1050ICE/IPE WTIFEB 101.81 -1.41MAR 102.00 -1.40APR 102.21 -1.39MAY 102.42 -1.36V olume 168753ICE/IPE BrentFEB 112.74 -0.96MAR 112.36 -0.95APR 112.05 -0.95MAY 111.71 -0.95V olume 616896 PNT 24559 ICE/IPE Mideast CrudeMAR 110.80 -0.95APR 110.08 -0.95MAY 109.70 -0.95JUN 109.32 -0.95V olume 0ICE/IPE BW A VEFEB 112.56MAR 112.05V olumeFEB 221268MAR 147945Products futures settlements:Nymex RBOB unleaded gasolineFEB 273.65 -4.87MAR 274.80 -4.69APR 287.87 -4.07MAY 287.58 -3.91V olume 28556 PNT 13440 Nymex No. 2FEB 303.88 -5.11MAR 303.61 -4.67APR 302.40 -4.08MAY 300.99 -3.40V olume 166090 PNT 14583Nymex Natural GasFEB 2.980 -0.12MAR 3.017 -0.11APR 3.082 -0.10MAY 3.138 -0.10V olume 349167ICE/IPE GasoilJAN 966.50 1.75FEB 965.25 4.00MAR 962.00 5.25APR 958.25 5.75V olume 462335 PNT 5154Correction Notes---------Subscriber NotesFollowing extensive feedback to its July 15 notice, Platts will amend the date range reflected in the Dated Brent assessment to 10-25 days forward, instead of the current 10-21 days forward. The change will take effect on January 6, 2012. At the same time, Platts will only consider in its assessment of cash Brent those crudes where the cargoes are nominated 25 days in advance of loading, instead of the current 21 days. In line with these changes, Plattswill continue to publish its front-month cash Brent assessment through the end of each full calendar month, in line with current practice. However, the differential between the front and second month cash Brent assessments would be established in line with a 25-day nomination period. For example, the relative value between February and March cash Brent will be established on January 6, 2012. Thereafter, February would be assessed using the prevailing March cash value, plus the spread established on January 6, until the last publishing day of the month. During the comment period, Platts received substantial support for the move to a 10-25 days assessment period. Platts also received strong encouragement for synchronization of these changes withother potential changes that could be made in the futures and derivativesmarkets. Platts clearly sees the value of alignment to market changes, and continues to call for adaptations to be made to all related instruments,including futures, to keep step with the evolution of the marketplace as awhole. Platts recognizes the value of long-term planning for major price benchmarks. In consultations with the marketplace, strong support has also emerged for a further move towards a 30-day nomination process for thephysical Brent complex. Accordingly, Platts will engage closely with allparties to work towards a possible implementation of such a change to the nomination process in 2015 or 2016. Separately, Platts has received furtherstrong support for the potential use of escalators for the lighter crudegrades currently reflected in the Brent assessment, and for includingadditional grades. Platts plans to begin discussions regarding these potential enhancements. The crude oils currently forming Platts' Brent assessments are Brent, Forties, Ekofisk and Oseberg. For more information and background onthe changes to be made, Platts has posted a webinar on the proposed changes toits Dated Brent and cash Brent assessments. The webinar is available fordownload at the following link: /Webinars Please sendfurther comments and questions to: jorge_montepeque@,dave_ernsberger@, joel_hanley@, with a copy topricegroup@ and Europe_crude@.Embargoed products in commodity markets: Under Platts Market on Close assessment guidelines, commodities supplied from countries that are subject to trading embargoes recognized under international law should not be delivered against transactions done during the Platts MOC assessment processes. For questions and comments, please contact pricegroup@.Platts is proposing to rename its assessments reflecting Bosporus delays,effective April 1, 2012. The assessment currently named "Bosporus Days Northbound Delays" with symbol AAWIK00 would be renamed "Turkish Straits Days Northbound Delays." The assessment currently named "Bosporus Days Southbound Delays," with symbol AAWIL00 would be renamed "Turkish Straits Days Southbound Delays." The assessment currently named "Bosporus Demurrage 80kt," with symbol AAPEE00 would be renamed "Turkish Straits Demurrage 80kt." The assessment currently named "Bosporus Demurrage 135kt," with symbol AAPED00 would be renamed "Turkish Straits Demurrage 135kt." The sub-headings on page 1 of the Platts Dirty Tankerwire which currently appear as "Bosporus delays (days)" and "Bosporus demurrage ($ 000/day)" will read "Turkish Straits delays (days)" and "Turkish Straits demurrage ($ 000/day)." The current Bosporus delays assessments reflect delays in both the Bosporus and Dardanelles Straits, andthe proposed name changes are intended to better reflect this. Please send comments and questions by January 1, 2012, to tankers@ with a cc to pricegroup@In line with the September 16 announcement on changes to its North Sea assessments, Platts reminds subscribers that it will assess the February 2012cash Brent (Brent-Forties-Oseberg-Ekofisk) contract as a 25-day instrument.All cash months assessed before the February contract remain on the current21-day basis in Platts assessments. All subsequent cash Brent months beyond February will be assessed on a 25-day basis. Comments please toeurope_crude@ with a CC to pricegroup@. For more information on the 25-day change, please visit:/PressReleases/2011/091611---PG/Asia Pacific RimMiddle East Sour:The Middle East sour crude market Thursday was focused on the impact Saudi Aramco's February OSPs would have on spot trading. Front-month March Dubai crude was assessed at $110.81/barrel Thursday, up $2.23 from Wednesday, while March Oman was assessed $2.12 higher at $111.36/b. Saudi Aramco has cut the OSPs for February loading cargoes by $1.80-$2.10/b, with the reductions welcomed by market participants. Arab Super Light has been set at a premium of $4.10/b to the average of Platts Oman and Dubai front-month crude assessments, while Arab Extra Light was at a premium of $3.55/b and Arab Light at plus$2.05/b. The February OSPs for Arab Medium and Arab Heavy were set at a premium of 75 cents/b and at a discount of 45 cents/b, respectively. A lowerArab Extra Light OSP was expected to weigh on other Middle East light sour crudes, such as Murban. "With deeper [OSP] cuts than expected, [the] evaluation for Saudi grades will be better than Abu Dhabi ones," said a traderwith a North Asian refiner. Sources said March Murban might start trading at discounts of around minus 20-30 cents/b to the OSP, compared with the lasttrade for a February-loading cargo done at OSP minus 10 cents/b. The declinein Arab Light OSP might weigh on Oman crude, with traders pegging the value of March Oman at a premium of around $1.5-2/b to Dubai swaps, down from mid-$2s last week. No March Oman cargo has traded so far this year. Qatar's Tasweeqhas offered four 500,000-barrel cargoes of deodorized field condensate or low sulfur condensate for loading over March 1-8, 8-15, 15-22, 22-31 from Ras Laffan in a tender. The tender closes January 16 and will be valid untilJanuary 19. Tasweeq did not award any condensate cargoes in its last tenderfor February cargoes, given the low bids submitted into the tender. No tradeswere done during Market On Close session Thursday, with March Dubai partials closing at $110.80-110.90/b.Asia Pacific Sweet:SWEET CRUDE: Minas crude was assessed at $122.26/barrel Thursday, rising $3.09/b from Wednesday. Japanese demand for direct burning crudes, such as Minas and Bach Ho, remained firm, said one trader. Exports of Bach Ho from Vietnam has been negligible since most of the crude was being used by the country's sole Dung Quat refinery, crunching its supply in the rest of Asia,he said. While West African grades could fulfill this supply shortfall, priceswere not expected to go down, as demand from Japan remained strong, aJapan-based trader said. "Nuclear plants in Japan will be going into planned maintenance in April, and the government is planning to issue new regulations [for these plants] by April," he said. And so the demand for direct burningcrudes was expected to continue unabated even after the peak winter season.The strong demand was reflected by the 12-14 Aframaxes seen bringing crude to Japan every month over the last few months. Before the March 11 earthquake, however, only three to four ships would bring crude to Japan, another source noted. During the market on close assessment process Thursday, Gazprom bid upa February Minas partial to $122.25/b, but was unable to find a seller tillthe close. In market news, upstream regulator BPMigas set the Indonesian Crude Price for Minas crude lifted in December at $112.52/b, down $3.52/b from November, an industry source said Thursday. Senipah condensate continued tolag the other Indonesian crudes in December. The December ICP for Senipah was $105.37/b, down $1.45/b from November. It posted a smaller month-on-month drop compared to the main Indonesian grades, with Belida crude posting the smallest drop of $1.40/b.North SeaMOC Commentary:February cash BFOE was assessed at $113.32/barrel Thursday, the level of thelast trade towards the close of the Platts Market on Close assessment process between Shell and ConocoPhillips. March cash BFOE was assessed at $113.25/b the level of a trade the moment before the close of the MOC process between Total and Shell. The week of January 16-20 was assessed flat to March cash BFOE minus the level of a trade between Morgan Stanley and Vitol. The week of January 23-27 was assessed 5 cents lower than the week of January 16-20 thelevel of a trade between Chevron and Vitol.Key Data:Key data for Thursday's BFOE/Brent assessment were derived as follows: March cash BFOE/Brent assessed at $113.25/barrel. North Sea CFD average for 10-21 days out: $113.23/barrel. BNB assessment 10-21 days out: NS Dated Strip plus $0.85= $114.08/barrel. Forties assessment 10-21 days out: NS Dated Strip plus $0.575= $113.805/barrel. Oseberg assessment 10-21 days out: NS Dated Stripplus $1.80= $115.03/barrel. Ekofisk assessment 10-21 days out: NS Dated Strip plus $1.30= $114.53/barrel.Physical Market:NORTH SEA: Forties crude fell Thursday for the first time in five days, pressurized by the lower Urals premiums seen in recent days and weaker refining margins in Northwest Europe, said traders. It was assessed at Dated Brent plus $0.575/barrel, down $0.405/b from Wednesday but still high by recent standards. In the Platts Market on Close assessment process, Shell offered three Forties cargoes loading in January but Vitol--which had been bidding the grade this week--did not bid for any crude. The Shell offers werefor cargoes loading January 17-19, January 21-23 and January 22-24 and came to Dated Brent plus $0.65/b, $0.63/b and $0.64/b, respectively. Earlier in theday, traders had said demand for Forties crude would taper off once shorts for arbitrage movements had been filled. "I'm 100% confident by Monday it [Forties] will come off," a trader said. Relative weakness in alternative crudes, including Urals was leading to traders re-assessing demand levels for Forties, sources said. "If you run Forties at Dated Brent plus $1/b, you wantto see what other grades are around," a trader said. In addition the recentrise in differentials for the grade were impacting refining margins inNorthwest Europe, sources said. Coupled with this was continued concern over Petroplus and a number of refineries in NWE set to enter maintenance schedules in the first quarter. February loading programs for some North Sea gradesbegan to emerge, with Oseberg the first of the BFOE grades to be issued. In addition the February Duc program was also issued. Oseberg exports are set to fall February by 10,011 b/d from January to 144,828 b/d. The grade loads seven 600,000 barrel cargoes over February, one fewer than this month. The Duc program also indicated a month-on-month fall with five 630,000-barrel cargoes set to load next month also one less than this month. Programs for other North Sea grades were expected to emerge Friday. An early February Alvheim cargo was on offer to the market, while stems from some other North Sea grades for February were starting to be indicated, traders said.West AfricaWEST AFRICA: Nigeria's difficult start to the year continued Thursday, with Shell's announcement that it had declared force majeure on loadings of Bonny Light with immediate effect. The declaration followed the December 24 shutdown of the Nembe Creek Trunkline in Bayelsa State, which Shell said was damaged during the unauthorized installation of two new valves by oil thieves.Following the shut in, Shell said some 70,000 b/d of crude oil had been deferred. Traders said the move could lead to buyers looking at other,similar, grades. One trader said: "It will strengthen Qua Iboe even more [as a substitute for Bonny Light." Another trader said: "I would expect some minor disinterest in the grade as long as things are not clear and new dates are not released for the affected cargoes." The force majeure added to the growing。
