2021年上外版必修三-04 现在分词做宾语补足语和状语【学生版】

特殊句式：省略讲解及提升练习一、省略1．状语从句的省略当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，构成下列结构：连词＋形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。

Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled.金属加热时就膨胀，冷却时就收缩。

2．不定式的省略(1)在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语)，只保留不定式符号to。

常用在expect，hope，intend，mean，try，want，wish等词后。

Firstly，people may feel forced when asked to do things that they don't want to.首先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。

(2)but用作介词，意为“除……之外”时，前面有实义动词do，后接不定式时，要省略to；但前面没有实义动词do时，后接的不定式不省略to。

If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but to meet an even greater challenge.如果他接受了这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。

3．特殊的省略结构：if省略结构if so如果这样的话if not如果不是这样的话if ever如果曾经有的话if necessary如果有必要的话if possible如果可能的话if any如果有的话巩固提升一、单项选择1．No matter how frequently ________, the works of Beethoven always attract a large number of people.A．performing B．performed C．to be performed D．being performed 2．Most green vegetables, ________ for too long, will lose nutrition.A．if to be cooked B．if cooked C．if cooking D．if being cooked 3．When challenges and setbacks, he remains , brave and firm.A．faced with… hesitant B．facing… resoluteC．in face of… indecisive D．facing with… determined4．_________that she was accepted by the international company, Jane jumped with joy. A．Being told the news B．When the news to be toldC．As the news being told D．When told the news5．There were other reasons in addition to the bad weather why they didn't leave for Beijing___________.A．scheduled B．as scheduledC．as it scheduled D．as scheduling6．______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.A．Lacked B．Lacking of C．Though lacking D．Lacked in 7．Mimosa, 15 cm in height, is a sensitive small plant, which will close when ______. A．touching B．touched C．is touched D．to be touched 8．Nurseries are the areas where plants are grown to be sold or ______ in other places. A．being planted B．to plant C．plant D．planted9．The text and dialogues below focus on cultural differences between Chinese and Western societies which can create misunderstanding if ______.A．ignore B．to be ignored C．ignoring D．ignored 10．Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when ________ alone. A．seen B．to be seenC．being seen D．having been seen11．Unless to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A．invited B．invitingC．being invited D．having invited12．He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more than ________.A．was good for his health B．his health was goodC．his good health D．was in good health13．________ with the size of the whole earth，the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A．Compare B．When comparingC．Comparing D．When compared14．Though ________ of the danger, Mr. Brown still risked his life to save the boy in the fire. A．having told B．being toldC．to be told D．told15．Though of the danger, Mr. Brown still risked his life to save the boy in the fire. A．having told B．tellingC．to be told D．told16．This problem may lead to more serious ones if ________ unsolved.A．making B．remained C．keep D．left17．If ________ in the elevator, please press the emergency button immediately.A．trapped B．trappingC．having trapped D．to be trapped18．Although _____ by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged but practiced harder. A．beating B．beatenC．having beaten D．being beaten19．If ___for the job, you’ll be informed soon.A．to accept B．acceptC．accepting D．accepted20．When _____ about one of the biggest concerns today, many citizens mentioned the sharp rise in housing price.A．asking B．to askC．asked D．having asked 21．Misunderstandings ________ from lack of social communication, unless ________ properly, may lead to serious problems.A．arisen; handling B．arising; handledC．rising; handled D．risen; handling22．There are some health problems that, when ____in time, can become bigger ones later on. A．not treated B．not being treatedC．not to be treated D．not having been treated23．While ________ the meal, some talented students gave a wonderful folk dance performance, ________ the elderly very happy.A．enjoyed, making B．enjoying, making C．to enjoy, making D．enjoying, to make 24．If _____ in wet sand, the vegetables can remain fresh for a long time.A．being buried B．having buried C．buried D．burying 25．When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A．introducing B．introducedC．introduce D．being introduced26．Daniel has undertaken to keep the secret, so he won’t tell anyone even though ______. A．asked to keep B．to be asked C．to ask D．asked to27．The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, ________, reaching 30℃ in summer.A．if not B．if ever C．if any D．if so28．If not ________with the respect he wants, the singer gets very ill-tempered and complains all the time.A．treated B．being treatedC．treating D．having been treated29．—When is he willing to lend somebody some money?—Only when hard enough.A．to press B．pressing C．pressed D．presses 30．Some institutions have established reading clubs to promote reading, but the effort, though________, is far from enough.A．appreciated B．appreciating C．having appreciated D．to appreciate二、汉译英1.在设计广告标语的过程中，广告公司没有墨守成规，而是将潜在顾客的需求考虑在内．（account）2.他在整理书籍时发现了一本旧日记。

必修三U2语法现在分词（短语）作状语一、基本用法观察Hearing the noise, I turned round.=When I heard the noise, I turned round.听到响声，我转过身去。

Being too young, he couldn’t join the army=Because he was too young, he couldn't join the army因为太年轻，他不能参军。

Working hard,you’ll succeed.=If you work hard, you’ll succeed.如果你努力工作,你会成功的。

Admitting what she said,I still think that she didn't try her best.=Although/Though/While I admit what she said, I still think that she didn’t try her best尽管承认她所说的话，但我仍然认为她没有尽最大的努力。

He walked down the river,singing softly to himself他沿着河流一边走,一边轻轻地唱。

Not having been invited to the party, she had to stay home由于没有被邀请参加晚会，她只好待在家里。

归纳(1)现在分词(短语)作状语所表示的动作往往和逻辑主语之间存在①______关系。

(2)现在分词(短语)作状语常常用来表示②______③______④______⑤______⑥______、结果等，往往可以和⑦______进行转换,一般不用作目的状语。

(3)现在分词(短语)作状语，其否定形式是在前面加⑧______。

二、注意事项观察Following the guide, we walked through the forest.跟着向导,我们穿过了森林。

一、完形填空文章大意：这是一篇说明文。

文章主要讨论了目前，与能源生产有关的二氧化碳排放量已经稳定，并分析了原因。

1. Goodish News of Climate ChangeEmissions of carbon dioxide (related to energy production) have stabilized, for now. Is it a peak, a stutter or just a brief pause? Time will tell. But whatever it is, on February 11th the International Energy Agency (IEA), an intergovernmental ________ which collects such data, announced that emissions of carbon dioxide in 2019 which were ________ to energy had remained the same (33.3bn tonnes) as the previous year’s.Energy-related emissions, which include those (produced by electricity generation), heating and transport, ________ more than 70% of the world’s industrial CO₂ pollution. The reason why the emissions remained the same was that there was a(n) ________ in coal use, particularly in rich countries, combined with an increase in the use of renewable power.As a result of this the CO₂-intensity of electricity generation—a(n) ________ of how much of the gas is emitted per kilowatt hour of petrol produced—fell by nearly 6.5%, to 340 grams of CO₂ per kilowatt hour. It had already been ________, but this is three times the average for the past decade. Such declines more than offset (抵消) the________ of increased electricity production. The average emission-intensity of power generation in 2019 was “lower than all but the most efficient gas-power plants”, according to the IEA.This is not the first time energy related emissions have plateaued (保持稳定). Between 2013 and 2016 they hovered around 32.2bn tonnes a year, before rising again in 2017 as the use of coal to ________ developing economies increased. This________ plateau was accompanied by excited declarations that such emissions had peaked. Similar ________ have been made this week, perhaps also prematurely. Besides changes in coal use, a ________ economy may have played a part and the data show that milder than usual weather caused a perceptible drop in emissions from several countries with large, carbon-hungry economies.________, the latest data from the Amazon rainforest also make us feel relieved. This, one of the world’s largest woodlands, has acted ________ as an absorbing sponge (海绵) for CO₂ by removing it from the atmosphere throu gh photo-synthesis. Researchers at Brazil’s National Institute for Space Research have shown that a vast part of the south-east of the Amazon, about one fifth of its area, has lost its ________ to absorb the gas and is now a net source of emissions into the atmosphere instead. This land has been widely deforested, so the result is little ________. But it is disappointing.1.A．circumstance B．environment C．contribution D．organization 2.A．available B．similar C．related D．referred3.A．call for B．account for C．stand for D．allow for4.A．decline B．increase C．promotion D．recovery5.A．product B．idea C．measure D．result6.A．floating B．falling C．disappearing D．remaining7.A．outcome B．change C．effect D．achievement8.A．fuel B．regulate C．handle D．expand9.A．frequent B．previous C．natural D．disastrous10.A．tips B．plans C．warnings D．comments11.A．booming B．dynamic C．strong D．depressed12.A．In addition B．By contrast C．In consequence D．In fact13.A．accidentally B．absolutely C．historically D．correctly14.A．prospect B．ability C．need D．decision15.A．anger B．hope C．devotion D．surprise二、阅读选择(阅读理解)文章大意：这是一篇说明文。

一、根据首字母填写单词(单词拼写)1. I should have c________ my cellphone last night. Now the battery is running out.(根据首字母单词拼写)二、根据汉语意思填写单词(单词拼写)2. You must have ________(误解) my meaning; I didn’t mean that. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）3. Some people________ (可能)have complained about income inequality because they were starving then. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)4. In the past, students and their parents________(肯定) have complained about the limitless amount of homework. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）三、根据中英文提示填写单词(单词拼写)5. The poor weather may have a________ (是……的原因)for the small crowd. （根据中英文提示填空）四、完成句子6. 火山岩忽明忽暗，讲述着过去火山几度喷发的故事，这本来可以警告这座城里的人，灾难即将到来！Its ashy rocks,now dark,now light,told a story of past eruptions that ________ ________ ________ the city what was to come!7. The children_________ _________ _________very excited as they opened the envelope.孩子们打开信时一定很兴奋。

五、根据所给汉语提示填空8. “You_______ ________ ________five minutes earlier (本该早五分钟来), John. We have begun our class.” said the teacher. (根据汉语提示完成句子)9. You_______________(一定有过一些时刻) when you were disappointed. （“must have done sth ”意为“一定做过某事”）10. —He hasn’t finished the work yet.—Well, he ____________ (本该完成). (根据汉语提示完成句子)六、句型转换11. “What?!” I tried to turn on my brain but the engine just wouldn’t start.(Plea se describe the situation when you couldn’t find your key in front of the door.) (按要求仿写)____________________________________________________________________12. They should have completed the project earlier this month. （同义句转换）The project ________ ________ ________ ________ earlier this month.七、汉译英（整句）(翻译)13. 你本可以邀请他参加你的婚礼的。

状语从句的省略1.While ________ dogs, people should not let them loose. Otherwise, they may be dangerous to others.A.walkingB.walkedC.having walkedD.to walk2.It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _________ at the meeting by my boss.A.questioningB.having questionedC.questionedD.being questioned3.My family go to the old lady’s home to help them do some housework and some gardening work whenever _________.A.possibleB.is possibleC.being possibleD.possibly4.If _______, I’ll show the committee what I have found out about the matter.A.permittingB.being permittedC.permittedD.having permitted5.She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to ________ her.A.seeB.have seenC.seeingD.having seen6.She looks as if ________ something.A.in search ofB.she looked forC.she had looked forD.she was in search of7.There is an illness that can result in total blindness ______ left untreated.A.afterB.ifC.sinceD.unless8.Generally speaking, if _______ according to the instructions, the electric-bike is not dangerous as reported.A.riddenB.ridingC.to rideD.to be ridden9.If _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.eedingD.to use10.Look around when ________ the street.A.acrossB.crossingC.crossedD.to be crossing11.When ________ a test, one may feel shaky, sweaty, with his heart beating quickly.A.havingB.haveC.hadD.having had12. Misunderstandings ________ from lack of social communication, unless ________ properly, may lead to serious problems.A.arisen; handlingB.arising; handledC.rising; handledD.risen; handling13.As is often the case, he tends to forget all about eating and sleeping, especially when deeply ________ in work.A.absorbingB.being absorbedC.to absorbD.absorbed14.Misunderstandings________ from lack of communication，unless________ properly，may lead to serious problems.A.arisen; dealt withB.arising; dealt withC.rising; dealing withD.risen; dealing with15.The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, ____, reaching 30℃ in summer.A.if notB.if anyC.if soD.if ever16.Generally speaking, when _____ according to the directions, the medicine has no side effect.A.takenB.takingC.to takeD.to be taken17.Though_________to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.A.surprisingB.was surprisedC.surprisedD.being surprised18.There are some health problems that, when ____in time, can become bigger ones later on.A.not treatedB.not being treatedC.not to be treatedD.not having been treated19.When ________ to someone，I usually say，“Pleased to meet you.”A.introduceB.introducedC.introducingD.am introduced20.While ____my homework, I heard a cry for help.A.doB.didC.doingD.having done21.A beam of light will not bend（弯曲）round corners unless____ to do so with the help of a reflecting device（反射装置）。

一、根据首字母填写单词(单词拼写)1. The Internet enables us to e_____________ ideas with many others conveniently. (根据首字母单词拼写)2. All this had an extremely n_________ effect on the criminal justice system. (根据首字母单词拼写)3. She is working hard every day in order to i_________ her English. (根据首字母单词拼写)二、根据汉语意思填写单词(单词拼写)4. Most problems don’t directly __________(威胁) peace and security and rarely contribute to conflict. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)5. I had asked everyone to ______(提交) questions in advance of the meeting. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)6. We should try to __________ (循环) all our waster paper. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)三、根据中英文提示填写单词(单词拼写)7. Last week Tom made a terrible mistake, but he a_________ it in the end.（承认）（根据中英文提示拼写单词）8. Speaking on the phone requires c________(专心) and takes a driver’s attention from the road. （根据中英文提示填空）四、完成句子9. All the students are expected to ________.所有的学生都要发表评论，表达他们对这部电影的看法。

一、根据首字母填写单词(单词拼写)1. It seems strange that we are just spending a lot on mooncakes for their delicate p________ rather than their flavor. (根据首字母单词拼写)2. Japan has decided to pour the radioactive water into the Pacific ocean, t_________ the lives of numerous fishermen and the future of mankind. (根据首字母单词拼写)3. The army sent 150, 000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were t ______in ruins. (根据首字母单词拼写)二、根据汉语意思填写单词(单词拼写)4. Timmy had nothing to eat when he was ______(使落入险境)under the stones.(根据汉语提示完成句子)5. I was shocked when I saw on TV that so many people were ________ (围困) in the burning buildings. (根据中文提示单词拼写)6. After the earthquake, helicopters and a navy ship were sent to rescue those who were_________(受困于) in the ruins. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)三、根据中英文提示填写单词(单词拼写)7. When we were t______________ in the ruins, the soldiers came to their rescue. (陷入)（根据中英文提示单词拼写）8. She c__________(骑车)to school every day. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）四、完成句子9. 老师建议我们参加比赛，从中我们能获益良多。

新高一必修三期末复习基础版学习目标：掌握本学期语法易错点非谓语。

引入：1. When he was a boy, he used to go there and watch _____.A. to repair bicyclesB. bicycles to be repairedC. bicycles being repairedD. repairing bicycles2. Have you considered _____ your job as a teacher?Yes. I like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener.A. to change; to beB. to change; beingC. changing; beingD. changing; to be3. The dog, _____, will be made a good watchdog.A. to train properlyB. being trained properlyC. properly to trainD. trained properly4. _____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.A. Having stolenB. Having been stolenC. StolenD. Stealing5. _____ the front door _____, he had to enter the room through the back door.A. Seen; paintedB. Seeing; paintedC. Being seen; being paintedD. Seeing; being painted6. And there, almost _____ in the big chair, sat her little brother, who never had to be told to keep quiet.A. having lostB. losingC. to be lostD. lost7. He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting8. To answer correctly is more important than _____.A. that you finish quicklyB. finishing quicklyC. to finish quicklyD. finish quickly9. The old farmer, _____ the badly injured and burnt soldier, came out of the burning farmhouse, calling continuously for help.A. supportingB. having supportedC. being supported byD. being supported10. In January , 2004, the United States successfully launched “Spirit”, a Mars Exploration Rover, _____ a new milestone in the history of mankind.A. it markedB. markingC. markedD. to mark阅读下面两句话1）My father forgot to take an umbrella with him.2）My father forgot seeing the film before.这两句话意义有什么差别？你知道哪些动词搭配to do，哪些动词搭配doing，哪些都可以吗？思考一下填写一下：_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________课堂精讲：知识点一、非谓语【知识梳理】非谓语动词的三种形式（1）不定式一、不定式的作用1.作主语：不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。

必修三unit 2 语法学案----现在分词做状语与宾语补足语name___________ number___________一、动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种，兼有动词和形容词的特征，在句中可作表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，一般表示进行或主动的意思。

动词-ing形式用作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，动词-ing形式所表示的动作和句子的主语是主动关系。

e.g.1. This result is very _______________(disappoint).2. Halloween is a festival _____________ (celebrate) on the night of 31st October.3. ___________ (look) out of the window, he saw a snake.1. 作时间状语e.g. Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit. 一看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。

分析：see的动作是由其逻辑主语“he”发出，与句子的主语he一致，且构成主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式。

将下面的时间状语从句改写成包含现在分词短语的简单句。

When he walked out of the room, he saw a dog.＝____________________________________, he saw a dog.2. 作原因状语e.g. Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. 因为生病了，他昨天没有上学。

分析: He is ill是He didn’t go to school的原因。

be的逻辑主语和句子主语是一致, 主动关系。

翻译句子：由于不认路，他迷路了。

As he didn’t know the way, he got lost.=Not ____________________________, he got lost.动词-ing形式的否定式是在其前面加not。