修辞翻译练习

第六章词义与修辞Translation of Figures of Speech课堂互动1 ：考考你，看谁能译出歧义和双关？（参考译文）1．He went to see the artist himself.【译文一】他亲自去看画家。

（himself是he的同位语。

）【译文二】他去看画家本人。

（himself是the artist的同位语。

）2. He is capable of doing anything.【译文一】他什么事情都会干。

（指“能干”）【译文二】他是什么事情都能干出来的。

（指“亡命之徒”）3．Flying planes is dangerous.（动名词）【译文一】驾驶飞机是危险的。

Flying planes are dangerous.（分词）【译文二】正在飞行的飞机是危险的。

4．Bruce was writing a poem on an ancient tomb stone.【译文一】布鲁斯正在一块古代的墓碑上写诗。

【译文二】布鲁斯正在写一首关于古代墓碑的诗。

（on作“关于”讲）5．I decided on the boat.【译文一】我选定了这只船。

【译文二】我在船上做出了决定。

6．She didn’t do that to please her mother.【译文一】为使她母亲高兴，她没有做那事。

(=She didn’t do that in order to please her mother.)【译文二】她做那事并不是为了使她母亲高兴。

(=She did that not to please her mother.)7．I didn’t go because I was afraid.【译文一】我没去，因为我怕。

（没去）【译文二】我不是因为怕才去的。

（去了）8．I didn’t write the letter because of what you told me.【译文一】由于你跟我讲了，所以我没有写那封信。

Money is a bottomless sea, in which honour, conscience, and truth may be drowned. (P11)金钱是无底的好样，荣誉，良心和真理都可以淹没在其中。

The street around the tree-storey red brick law court sprouted with rickety stands selling hot dogs. (P16)在红砖砌成的三层楼法院周围的街道上，突然摆满了东倒西歪，出售热狗的摊位。

The long flames sang their drumming chorus in voices of the heaviest bass.（P18）长长的火舌呼呼地用最低的音唱出悲壮的歌Australia is so kind, just tickle her with a hoe, and she laughs with a harvest. (P19)澳大利亚是如此的可亲，只要用锄头逗她发痒，她就会笑着带来收获。

He glanced at the dew-covered glass, and it winked back at him. (20)他瞥了一眼沾满露水地小草，小草向他眨眨眼。

All that sleepless night I replayed the moment those black gloves came up to the car window. (P26)当晚我彻夜不眠, 眼前不时重现出那副黑手套伸向车窗的一瞬间She has expensive tastes in clothes. (P26)她喜欢穿高档衣服。

All the plants in this cold country become green in the smiling years. (P37)在这个寒冷的国家，植物都在温暖的季节变绿了He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn, scratched, done his business like a dog at the roadside, washed at the public fountain…. (P53)大清早，他随着初升的太阳睁开双眼，搔了搔痒，像狗一样在路边解手，在公共喷泉边抹了把脸。

读后续写修辞手法翻译练习（汉译英）第一组1. 回忆像潮水一般涌上他的脑海。

（surge through/tide）2. 那件事像一根针一样刺进了我的心里。

（pin/prick）3. 花儿们在向我招手。

4. 听到这些话，她泪流成河。

5. 老师的话是冬天里的一把火，给了我无尽的（immense）温暖。

6. 我的弟弟总是像一只小狗一样跟着我。

7. 有时你的言行就是一面体现你品质的镜子。

8. 月亮像一盏明灯一样闪烁着。

9. 我求了她一千次让她嫁给我。

10. Jenny控制不住内心的喜悦，像小鸟一样飞进了家门。

11. 晶莹的泪珠，像断了线的珍珠，滚下她的面颊。

12. 夏天的微风轻轻地抚摸着我的脸。

13. 细雨轻轻地亲吻着我的脸颊。

14. 我能听到到处都是鸟儿在歌唱。

15. 这个教堂目睹了这个城市20年的变化。

答案：1. Memories surged through his mind like tide.2. That incident pricked into my heart like a pin.3. The flowers were waving to me.4. Hearing these words, she cried a river.5. What the teacher said was like fire in winter, giving me immense warmth.6. My brother always follows me like a dog.7. Sometimes your language and behaviours is a mirror of your quality.8. The moon is shining on the above like a lamp.9. I begged her a thousand times for marrying me.10. Jenny couldn't resist her inner joy, flying into the door like a bird.11. Crystal tears, like broken pearls, roll down her cheeks.12. The summer breeze touched my face gently.13. The drizzle kissed me on my cheek gently.14. I could hear birds singing everywhere.15. The church has witnessed the city's changes in the past 20 years.第二组1. 他感觉彷佛整个世界都崩塌了。

翻译下列广告词，并说出所用的修辞手法1、Looks like a pump, feels like a sneaker.看起来很休闲，穿起来很结实(明喻)2、NEWS WEEK-Tomorrow’s High Tech Office.《新闻周刊》——明日的高科技办公室3、Come it with me a while.4、I’m More satisfied!我更加满意了！5、The unique spirit of Canada: We bottle it.6、Extra Taste. Not Extra Calories.新加口味，热量一样。

7、Childhood isn’t childhood without it.没有你，我的童年很黑白。

8、Give a Timex to all, and to all a good time.人人天美时，天天好美时。

9、Not all mobile phones are created.好手机，做出来。

10、Practices really does make perfect.实践真的很完美11、Do more, Work less. (对比) 做得好，不用做。

12、Once an imperial palace. Now a luxury hotel.曾经的皇宫，如今你的奢华酒店。

13、Enjoy your glass to the full.尽情喝到饱14、Choose your glasses carefully.明智地选择您的眼镜。

15、A business in million, a profit in pennies.千里商机，始于分毫薄利。

16、A world of visiting cards, a universe ofduplication.名片的世界，复印的宇宙。

17、We’ve hidden a garden full of vegetable whereyou’d never expect. In a pie.你从未想过的惊喜，在我们的小馅饼里找到蔬菜乐园。

文言文常见修辞的翻译班级姓名一、比喻的翻译1、明喻仍译为明喻。

古文中的明喻一般与现代汉语的使用习惯相同，所以直译就行了。

例：（1）皆玄衣白刃，剽疾如猿猴。

（《冯婉真》）译文：“像猿猴一样剽悍敏捷”。

（2）火烈风猛，船往如箭。

（《赤壁之战》）译文：“船像箭一样往前冲”。

2、暗喻用了比喻词的，仍译为暗喻不用比喻词的，译为明喻。

例：（1）如今人方为刀俎，我为鱼肉。

译文：现在人家是刀和砧板，我们是鱼和肉。

（2）古来万事东流水。

译文：自古以来万事都像东去的流水一样。

（3）夫秦王有虎狼之心。

译文：秦王有像虎狼一样凶狠的心肠。

3、借喻译为它所比喻的事物，即把喻体还原成本体。

例：（1）北筑长城而守藩篱。

《过秦论》译文：在北边筑起长城来把守边疆。

（2）误落尘网中，一去三十年。

《归园田居》译文：误入污浊的官场，一误就是三十年。

二、借代的翻译古今汉语在借代的使用上差别很大，如果把借代直译过来，会让人感到不易理解和接受，所以借代应意译，译为它所代替的人或物。

1、肉食者鄙，未能远谋。

《曹刿论战》译文：做官的人见识浅陋，不能做长远的打算。

2、意北亦尚可以口舌动也。

《指南录后序》译文：考虑到元军也许还能够用言语来打动。

3、大阉亦逡巡畏义，非常之谋难于猝发。

译文：魏忠贤也迟疑不决，害怕正义，篡位的阴谋难于立刻发动。

4、沛公不胜杯杓，不能辞。

《鸿门宴》译文：沛公承受不住酒力，不能前来告辞。

5、洎牧以谗诛，邯郸为郡。

《六国论》译文：等到李牧因为谗言被杀害，赵国成了秦国的一个郡。

三、夸张的翻译1、状态、程度方面的夸张，仍译为夸张，前面加上“像要”或“快要”。

例：（1）相如因持璧却立，倚柱，怒发上冲冠。

《廉颇蔺相如列传》译文：蔺相如于是拿着和氏壁退后站在那里，靠在柱子上，愤怒得头发像要顶起帽子。

(2)成顾蟋蟀笼虚，则气断声吞。

《促织》译文：成名回头看到蟋蟀笼空着，就急得快要出不来气，说不出话。

2、数量方面的夸张，可把数量词换成表示“多”“高”“大”等副词、形容词例：军书十二卷，卷卷有爷名。

•Lecture 1•Give Timex to all, to all a good time.•这是个新造词，由Time和Excellent组成。

•结合修辞的―头韵‖（两个g和两个t）和修辞的―顶真‖（连珠），五汉字对五音节翻译如下：•人戴天美时，美时天下人。

•―美时，美时‖应对―to all, to all‖，都是―顶真‖。

•两个m,两个sh应对两个g和两个t，双声对头韵。

•莎士比亚14行诗第18首有两句名言——•So long as men can breathe and eyes can see,•So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.•只要人能呼吸，眼睛不失明，•我的诗就流传，赐予你永生。

•仿拟点化（师承前人之功，化出时代之新）——•So long as you go to a greater height,•So long you will enjoy a grander sight.•（欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。

）•1. What Is Rhetoric?•Rhetoric is the art of using language to communicate effectively.•To define rhetoric, let‘s do at the same time from the Chinese for it: 修辞.•修：修饰，研究，学习；辞：文字辞句。

•修辞：修饰文字词句，运用各种表现方式，使语言表达得准确、鲜明而生动有力。

•Rhetoric, effective use of words to make the language accurate, clear-cut, vivid and powerful by various ways expression.•——《汉英双语现代汉语词典》2157页•2. Rhetoric Applications Are Everywhere•A New Year, A New Career.•New, new ——Repetition（反复）•Year, career ——Rhyme （尾韵）•Tear, career ——Antithesis（对照）•Why is the river rich? It has two banks.•Now, try to translate the pun . （双关）•为什么说河水富有？因为它年年有鱼（余）。

修辞翻译作业20111100347 孙洋一、明喻（simile）1、英语明喻（simile）明喻就是把要加以描写刻画的事物，比喻词与另一种具有鲜明的同一特点的事物联系起来，从而更形象、更深刻地说明事理。

例如：（1）Light as breeze, soft as cloud.轻柔如风，柔软如云。

（衣服广告）（2）With a copy of “the Globe” in your hand, the world unfolds before you so grand.一册在手，纵览全球（环球杂志）（3）Fly ThaiFly smoothSmooth as silk is Thai.(泰国航空公司)飞行平稳，光滑如丝。

2、汉语明喻汉语明喻的基本格式和英语simile完全相同，即“甲事物像乙事物”。

汉语的比喻词有“像、如、犹如、如同、比、好比、似乎、似的、仿佛、犹、若、一样、一般”等等。

例如：（1）爱情就像UFO，都只是听说过，但没人见过。

Love is just like the UFO, people only hear it, but nobody sees it. （2）妈咪依赖Kool-Aid果乐，就像孩子依赖妈咪。

Mom depends on Kool-Aid like kids depend on Moms.二、隐喻（metaphor）1、英语隐喻（metaphor）英语隐喻是明喻进一步的比喻：它不表露比喻的痕迹，本体和喻体同时出现，即把本体隐藏在喻体内。

例如：（1）T he most sensational place to wear stain on your lips.这种口红涂在唇上这个最富有激情的地方，好似穿上了光滑柔亮、细薄透亮的绸缎一般。

（口红广告）（2）S omething within you is Dior.(Christian Dior)毒药香水广告（3）N o one would notice me with your insistent caterwauling.你没完没了的哭就不会有人注意到我了。

修辞与修辞的翻译一、思考题1.翻译成汉语happy as a cowLove and cough cannot be hid.The pen is to a writer what the gun is to a fighter.What sculpture is to a block of marble, education is to the soul.First lady of Priorities and Proprieties.Blood spilled on both sides.2.选择题(1) 这年轻人强壮如牛。

译文：A. The young man is as strong as a horse.B. The young man is as strong as an ox.C. The young man is as strong as a tiger.2. 比较分析以下英汉两段文章，总结出它们在使用修辞格方面的显著特点以及在翻译的时候，这些辞格应该采取哪种翻译方法。

①英语文章Address at GettysburgBy Abraham Lincoln Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate—we cannot consecrate—we cannot hallow—this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.参考译文：八十七年前，我们的先辈在这块大路上创建了一个新的国度。