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2011年全国各地市110份中考英语试题解析版汇编阅读理解（选择型）【2011北京】ASusan, the U.S.My best friend is Fanny. She is clever and interesting. We always look after each other. The first week we meet, I got sick and she looked after me every day.Betty, EnglandMy best friend is Ana. She is honest and serious. We were born in the same city in England. Then I moved to America with my family. I thought I would never see Ana again. When I went to college in New York, Ana and I shared the same room!Ken, JapanI love to spend time with Daisuke because he is funny and smart. We enjoy talking about the funny things we did when we were children, and tell the same stupid jokes over and over again.Lily, AustraliaLinda is a very confident girl and she is really kind. Some people may wonder why Linda and I are best friends because we are totally different, hut I think this is why we are such good friends.48. Who is Susan's best friend?A. Ana.B. Fanny,C. Linda,D. Daisuke,49. Where is Ken from?A. Australia.B. The U.S.C. EnglandD. Japan,50. What is Linda like?A. Confident and kindB. Funny and smart.C. Honest and serious.D. Clever and interesting,主旨大意：四个不同的人物介绍，题目考查的很简单。
2011年全国各地市110份中考真题解析版汇编书面表达【2011北京】十、文段表达（15分）根据中文和英文提示，写一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于60词的回信。
信的开头和结尾已给出，其词数不计入所完成的回信内。
请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
75. 成长中每个人都要面对烦恼，并解决问题。
假设你叫刘明，是美国中学生艾丽的朋友，你收到了她的电子邮件，请给她回复，回答她的问题，提出你的建议，并就此事谈谈你的看法。
Hi! Liu Ming,I‟m so sad. Angela is a close friend of mine. This morning she wanted to borrow some money from me. If I lend her the money, I‟m afraid she won‟t pay me back. Idon‟t know what to do. Do you have the same problem? I need your help.I‟m looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours,AliceHi! Alice,I‟m glad to hear from. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I hope what I said can help you.Yours,Liu Ming【解题要点】1. 回答她的问题2. 提出建议3. 对于此事谈谈你的看法来信内容简要说明：Alice表示自己的好友Angela问自己借钱，但自己不知是否该借给她，担心对方可能不能归还。
2011年全国各地中考真题单词拼写大集锦一、根据句意和所给的首字母填单词。
【2011•四川成都】1. My mother is a nurse. She works in a famous h .2. Tom, if you are t , drink this water.3. When little Jack gets excited, he j up and down.4. With the help of the local people, we found the church e .5. I wonder why I can't get good grades a I have been studying so hard.答案：1. hospital 2. thirsty 3. jumps 4. easily 5. although二、根据句意和所给的首字母填单词。
【2011•广州】1. What a p______ ! I failed the chemistry exam again.2. My sister often helps me with my homework. She is very h .3. It has been sunny all day, so I don’t think it will r_____ tomorrow.4. If you are f___ this afternoon, let’s go shopping.5. Listen carefully and _a____ my question.答案：1. pity 2. helpful. 3. rain 4. free 5. answer三．根据下列句子所给汉语注释，在句子空缺处写出单词的正确形式【2011•宁夏】1. We had a long __________ (讨论)about the plan.2. Driving on mountain roads always makes me __________ (紧张).3. I __________ (写)her several letters, hut she didn't reply.4. He introduced his lovely daughter to the guests __________ (高兴地)5. I couldn't decide __________(是否)or not to go to the party.答案1. discussion 2. nervous 3. wrote 4. happily 5. whether四.根据句意和汉语提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。
2012年全国各地中考英语真题分类汇编——连词【2012山东济南】29·—Did you have a good time at the party? —Yes. We sang ______danced until late at night. A. but B. if C. and D. so 29. C【解析】考查连词辨析。
but“但是 ”是并列连词 表转折; if“假如 如果” 引导条件状语从句; and“和 而且” 表示顺承或并列; so“所以” 表结果。
句意“—你们在聚会中过得好吗 —是的 我们又唱又跳直到深夜。
”故选C。
【2012山东济南】39. Lin Shuhao is ______famous ______ all the basketball fans in China know him. A. too, to B. enough, to C. so, that D. as, as39.C【解析】考查连词用法。
too…to“太……而不能” enough…to…“足够……以……” so…that…“如此……以至于” as…as“与……一样……”。
句意“林书豪如此出名以至于在中国所有的篮球迷都知道他。
”故选C。
【2012山东济宁】25.I won't take part in Julie's birthday party ________I am invited. A.unless B.after C.because D.ifA【解析】考查连词辨析。
unless “除非 如果不”。
句意为“我不会参加茱莉亚的生日晚会除非我被邀请。
”【2012北京】30. There are no buses, ____ you’ll have to walk. A. so B. or C. but D. for 【答案】A【2012甘肃鸡西市】24. We must get up at 7:00 tomorrow morning, _____we will be late for the meeting. A. and B. or C. but 【答案】B【2012广东】33. Ben was busy taking a training class, _____we had to wait for him for half an hour. A. so B. if C. or D. But 【答案】A【2012广西玉林】29. ___________he exercises every day, ____________ he is very healthy.A.Because; soB. Because; throughC. Because; /D. Though; / 【答案】C 【2012贵州安顺】21.Hurry up, ____ finish your homework! A or B but C and D while 【答案】C【2012贵州铜仁】35.The bus driver always says to us ,“Don’t get off________ the bus stops.” A. when B. while C .until D. if 【答案】C【解析】本题考查连词。
2012年全国各地中考英语真题汇编-----书面表达【2012六盘水】Ⅷ，书面表达。
把文章写在答题卷相应的位置。
（20分）初中生活即将过去，你一定有很多的回忆和对未来的希望，假如你是向阳中学的韩梅，将在毕业典礼上发言，请根据以下提示用英语写一篇发言稿。
┏━━━━━━┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓┃l 自我介绍┃姓名、年龄、性格、爱好。
┃学习生活┃老师教授知识，父母照顾生活，同学互相学习，互相帮助。
理想的职业┃如：老师、医生、篮球运动员等…要求：1.文章必须包括表格内容，并适当发挥。
2，文章不能出现真实的人名和校名。
3. 80词左右，文章开头给出，不计人总词数。
参考词汇：knowledge，take care of．each other，grow up，study hard，in the futureGood afternoon ,everyoneThank you for listening.【2012山东济宁】七．书面表达（共1小题，计15分）假如你叫李华，市第三中学初三的学生。
星期天你和班里的同学去康乐敬老院(old folk’s home) 参加了社区活动。
请根据下面的图画的提示词语，用英语写一篇100词左右的日记。
可合理想象，适当发挥。
句首已给出，不计入总词数。
（一）审题本篇作文考查的为记叙文。
要求利用所给的信息列举在星期天去往敬老院的经过。
然后写出你个人的观点。
（二）列举写作要点1. 乘坐的交通工具，去往敬老院。
老人见到我们的心情。
2. 在敬老院，我们为老人做的事情。
我们的感受。
3. 总结：作为学生我们很喜欢参加社区活动。
帮助老人是我们的职责。
[来源~@:*^中国教育&出版网]（三）列举重点短语和句型重点短语:take the school bus, help sb do sth, sweep the floor, clean the windows, clean the desk, enjoy oneself , have lunch重点句型：We swept the floor for them, we cleaned the windows and we also cleaned the desk. And I think it’s our duty to help the old people.【范文】Sunday Fine[来源:zzs*#~te%^]Today, we took the school bus to Kang Le old folk’s home. The old people greeted us warmly and they were very pleased to see us. We helped them do a lot of things in the old folk’s home. We s wept the floor for them, we cleaned the windows and we also cleaned the desk. Some girls danced for them and we enjoyed ourselves that day. Finally, we had lunch together with the old people and t he dishes were very delicious.[来源~:@中国^#教%育出版网]As the students in Grade Nine in No.3 Middle School, we like the activity very much. And I think it’s our duty to help the old people, do you think so?【2012恩施】八、书面表达（共1题，计15分）父爱如山！假设父亲节即将来临，请你借此机会给你父亲写封信，和他谈谈心里话。
2011年全国中考任务型阅读（完成表格）【2011广西北海】八、任务型阅读（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）Some birthday customs are quite similar in many parts of the world---- birthday candles(蜡烛), birthday games，and birthday cakes. But some customs are more specific to certain countries. Here are some children talking about their customs.Linda---I am fourteen. I come from Aruba. In our country,Children take something special to school for their classmates and all teachers. Each teacher gives the birthday child a small gift like a pencil, an eraser or a postcard. The birthday child is also allowed to wear special clothes instead of the school uniform.Lucy---I am one year older than Linda. Denmark is my country. A flag is flown outside a window to show that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday. Presents are placed around the child's bed while they are sleeping so they will see them at once when they wake up.Tom---I am as old as Linda. I am from Brazil. The birthday child receives a pull on the earlobe(耳垂) for each year in my country. The birthday person also gives the first slice of cake to his/her most special friend or relative, usually mom or dad. 根据短文，完成下面表格，每空不超过4个单词，并将其答案写在答题卡中相应题号的横线上。
2011-2012年两年全国各地中考英语真题分类汇编:代词2012年全国各地中考英语真题分类汇编:代词【2012福建福州】32. — Here is a schoolbag. Whose is it?— Oh, it's_________. Thank you.A. myB. mineC. me【答案】B【解析】选B。
考查代词的用法。
my为形容词性物主代词意为“我的”；mine为名词性物主代词意为“我的”；me为人称代词的宾格意为“我”。
名词性物主代词相当于形容词性物主代词+名词，此句的答语句意为：它是我的书包，因此需要用mine代替my schoolbag。
故选B。
【2012福建福州】38. Mrs Brown is nice. Every day she tried to cook__________for me during my stay in Canada.A. something differentB. anything differentC. noting different【答案】A【解析】选A。
考查不定代词的用法。
something一般用于肯定句，anything一般用于否定句。
当形容词修饰不定代词时需后置。
句意为：“布朗夫人很好，我呆在加拿大期间她每天给我做不同的饭”。
故选A。
【2012福建福州】38. Mrs Brown is nice. Every day she tried to cook__________for me during my stay in Canada.A. something differentB. anything differentC. noting different【答案】A【解析】选A。
考查不定代词的用法。
something一般用于肯定句，anything一般用于否定句。
当形容词修饰不定代词时需后置。
句意为：“布朗夫人很好，我呆在加拿大期间她每天给我做不同的饭”。
〔三年经典〕2011-2013全国各地中考英语试题精选：定语从句【2011**】 34.The policeman caught the thief ______ has stolen Mr. Li’s puter.A. whichB. whoseC. whomD. who(2011〕37. The basketball ________ I bought yesterday cost me 80 yuan.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. when【省2011】43. The teacherscame for a visit are foreigners.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. which【2011•省】32. Tony, tell me the result of t he discussion_____ you had with your dad yesterday.A.whatB. whichC. whenD. who【2011市】〔〕18. This is the camera______my uncle gave me for my birthday.A.whichB. whoC. what【2011**市】31.My grandparents like to live in a house _______ is not very big but bright and fortable.A.thatB.whoC.whatD.whose【2011】41. Mary Smith says she likes to have friends_________ are different from her.A. whoseB. whichC. who【2011湘西】24. Do you know the girl _________ is singing in the classroom“A. when B. who C. which(2011中考) 30.I can’t forget the timethe earthquake happened in Yushu.A. whenB. whichC. where【2011滨州】33. I hate people _________don’t help others when they are in trouble.A. whoB. whichC. whoseD. where 【】21.— What kind of movies do you like“— I like the movies ____ are about Chinese history.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. that 【2011】23. The photos successfully show the rich culture ______makes Beijing so famous.A. whatB. whichC. whoD. why【2011•】34. The old man asked the girl to take another seat he wanted to sit ne*t to his wife.A. becauseB. so thatC. so【2011•】42. Kate was so gladshe received a Christmas gift from his grandparents away in Thailand.A. thatB. whenC. if【2011】14. The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the ne*t to get married.A. whomB. whichC. whoD. whose12.【2011•】One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou ________ are often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake.A. whatB. whoC. thatD. /【2011黄冈】38. —Who is your new head teacher this semester“—The woman _______ is wearing a red skirt.A. whomB. whoC.whoseD. which【2011•】32. Li Mei is the student _________ handwriting is the b est in our class.A. whoseB. whomC. whoD. that【2011呼和浩特】10. ---- Is there anyone here name isBetty“---- Sorry, I don’t know.A. whoB. whichC.whomD. whose【2011达州】24.—Where did you go last week“—I went to Zhang Aiping’s hometown and visited the house he was born in. A. that B. there C. who D. whose【2011•】26. Is that the man_______ helped us a lot after the earthquake“A. whichB. whoC. whom答案：B【解析】考察定语从句及关系代词用法辨析。
第一讲补全对话（一）一、（2012年兰州市中考）口语交际(共5空，每空l 分，满分5分)阅读下面的对话，根据上下文从方框内的选项中选择恰当的选项补全对话，使句义完整，符合逻辑。
有两项为多余选项。
Betty: Hi, Ann. What are you going to dothis weekend?Ann:81Betty: A concert? Who will sing at the concert? Ann: Swift Taylor.82 Betty: Certainly, I'd like to. She is my favoritesinger.83Attn: Eighty yuan. Betty: Oh, it's too dear.84Ann: We don't have so much money, either. 85Betty: That's a good idea. Can I join you?Ann: No problem. Shall we meet at the gate of the park at four o'clock? Betty: OK. See you then.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.二、（2012年山西省中考）补全对话(每小题1分，共5分)根据对话内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出最佳选项，将其答案的序号写在方框下面的横线上,选项中有两项为多余项。
( Da Wei comes across Li Lei, who is studying, in the school library. ) A: Hi, Li Lei. Are you busy with your homework now? B : Oh, yeah, Da Wei. And you?A: I'm here for a book. Hey, Li Lei. Have a break! We should be outside in the fresh air. It's good for us.B: Sorry, I can't. 66I must hand it. in tomorrow.A: Oh, I see. But we can't always stay indoors.We must often take exercise.67B: Never.I hardly have time now.A sea of homework almost takes up all my free time.It'ssad but that's life. 68A: You mean my life? In fact, I'm also very busy like you. But you know I like sports. 69 When ever I have a little time, I will try them. B: No wonder you are so energetic. A :Yeah, better health, better grades. 70B :Yes, you are right. It sounds as if should also try to exercise often in the future.Da Wei,shall we play basketball for a while now?A : OK. Let's go !A. How about your life?B. I like jumping, running, playing basketball and so on.C. Why not walk in the fresh air?D. How often do you exercise?A. Would you like to go with me?B. How much is the ticket?C. When will the concert begin?D. I decide to go to a concert with my friendE. We plan to sell flowers to raise money ．F. I don ’ｔ think so.G. I ’ｍ afraid I can ’t afford it.E.. Do you agree with me?F. I have to finish my homework first.G. Sounds like great fun!1. 2. 3. 4. 5.三、（2012年临沂市中考）根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2011年全国各地市110份中考英语试题解析版汇编之一单项选择——复合句1.宾语从句【2011•盐城】14. — Excuse me. Could you tell me ?— It will leave at 4:00 p.m.A. how will you go ShanghaiB. how you will go to ShanghaiC. when will the bus leave for ShanghaiD. When the bus will leave for Shanghai答案：D考查宾语从句。
从答句知问的应该是时间，排除A和B .又因为宾语从句必须用陈述语序，故选D。
【2011湖北·武汉】 35. - Can I join you？- Sure, we are talking about _____.A. when shall we go to the movieB. how can we go thereC. who should we go withD. why we like the movie答案：D【解析】考查了宾语从句。
宾语从句应用陈述句的语序，故排除A、B、C。
选D。
【2011安徽芜湖】48. —Could you tell me _________?—You can take No. 16 bus.A. how can we get to the Olympic ParkB. how we can get to the Olympic ParkC. how did we get to the Olympic ParkD. how we got to the Olympic Park答案：B【解析】宾语从句。
特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，用陈述语序；可排除A、C；根据答语可知问句用一般现在时，可排除D；故B为正确答案。
14. 【2011·苏州】—Can you tell me how many colors ________ in a rainbow? —Seven.A. there areB. are thereC. they areD. are they答案：A【解析】考查宾语从句。
2011—2012年两年全国各地中考英语真题汇编：单词拼写一.【2012 贵州铜仁】81.The music is sweet, she often _______（分享）it with me.82.The activities of learning from Lei feng in our school is very _____（受欢迎）with students.83.He can speak English________（更好）than I.84. If I am wrong, I will not mind saying ______(道歉) to him.85.He bought a useful ________ （书）as present for my birthday yesterday.86.I have m________hobbies, such as swimming, rowing and hiking.87.He said he would never f_________ the trip to Mount Fanjin.88.We should do more exercise to keep h ________.89.Tongren has developed r into a modern city in the recent years.90.My little sister is so young that she can’t look after h________.【答案】81.shares. 82.popular. 83. better. 84.sorry. 85. book86.many. 87. forget. 88.healthy. 89. rapidly 90.herself.二．【2012江苏苏州】41. Is this wood ________ (干燥的）enough to burn?42. I’m so tired that I can (几乎不)stay awake.43. The cat was __________(卧）fast asleep by the fire.44. Have you given the kids their bus _________(车费）？45. She _________(掉落〉the plate and it broke into pieces.46. The Olympic team were given a __________ (英雄般的）welcome on their return home.47. My grandma is in her __________ (八十多岁),but she can still take care of herself.48. — How much does it cost?—I just __________ five dollars for it.49. — Could you tell me the A to the Johnsons, please?—Sorry, we don’t have a Johnson here in the village.50. — I often _________ to the song Rainbow.—So do I. It sounds beautiful.【答案】41. dry 42. hardly 43. lying 44. fares 45. dropped46. hero’s 47. eighties 48. paid 49. way 50. listen三．【2012贵州毕节】61. Mike’s parents are b __________ teachers.62. People will __________ (飞往）to the moon for vacation.63. You should ___________ (刷)your teeth after meals.64. Don't __________ (吼）！ I can hear you.65. Mary wanted to buy a __________ (新的）computer.66. Keep your eyes closed. Don't open them u__________ I tell you to do so.67. Lucy is thinner than Lily, but Lily is t __________ than Lucy ?68. M__________ is the fifth month of a year.69. My favorite season is __________ (夏季）because I can swim in the river behind my house.70. What are you g__________ to do tomorrow?【答案】61.both 62. fly 63. brush 64. shout 65. new 66. until 67. taller 68. May69. summer 70. going四．【2012江苏连云港】46._____________(节日)like Christmas and Halloween are also popular in China now.47.Pop star White Houston was found _______________( 死亡)on the eve of the Grammy Awards.48.---What are the workers doing over there?----- They are busy_______________( 建造 ) the BRT between Haizhou and Xugou.49. Unluckily , the recent floods _______________( 摧毁)many farm-houses in the south.50. Daniel did the exercises too________________( 粗心 ) , and it made his teacher very angry.【答案】46. Festivals 47. dead 48. building 49.destroyed 50.carelessly 五．【2012 山东滨州】66．They have English and math on _______(星期一) morning．67．We often borrow some books from our school______ (图书馆)．68．I don’t know if Mary is ______ (好) at swimming．69．Can you tell me the ______ (首都) of Canada?70．September is the ______ (九) month of a year．71．We should take an ______ (积极的) part in physical exercises．72. We are strongly against dropping litter ______ (到处).73．Lucy often plays tennis to relax ______(自己) after sch00l.74．The boy is so ______ (聪明的) that he can work out the problems easily.75．It is impolite to ______ (指) at anyone with your chopsticks while eating meals.【答案】66. Monday 67. library 68. good 69. capital 70. ninth 71. active 72. everywhere 73. herself74. smart / clever 75. point六.【2012 浙江杭州】71. –When did you b_______ to study English?--Seven years ago.72. F________ in the blanks with the correct words. Then listen again and check your answers.73. If you can swim a________ the river, I’ll be waiting for you on the other side.74. Tom, your clothes are d______. You’d better wash them.75. I was b_______ in 1997. I’m fifteen now.76.-What do you want to be in the f________?- I want to become a teacher.77. A c_________ is a piece of equipment used for taking photographs.78. The nice dress was bought by my uncle as a birthday p_________.79. You’ve d_________ so much wine. You mustn’t drive.80. He’s poor at spelling. He made a lot of spelling m__________ in his writing.【答案】71.begin 72.Fill 73.across 74.dirty 75.born 76.future 77. camera 78.present79.drunk 80.mistakes七.【2012山东枣庄】56.You can be in our school ___________(音乐）festival.57.I want to go __________(游泳）58.Is it an__________(令人感兴趣的）job?59. Ronaldo ______ （踢）soccer for his national team when he was seventeen.60. I agree, but Wei Ming feels ______ . (不同地)【答案】music swimming interesting played different八．【2012山东烟台】1. Everyone else in my class was invited ______________(除了) me, and I don’t know why.2. Doing lots of listening practice is one of the ______________(秘诀) of becoming a good English learner.3. Please come over to my office tomorrow morning to______________(讨论) our new plan.4. Did you use to get__________(紧张的) when you see the school report from your teacher?5. Do you know what your _____________________(父母的) favorite colors are?【答案】1. except 2. secrets 3. discuss 4. nervous/ stressed 5. parent s’九．【2012浙江宁波】71. A shark is a dangerous _____________ (动物) that lives in the sea.72. Lin Shuhao did a good job in the basketball match last month. He is my favorite _____(明星).73. John is ___________ (幸运的) enough to be shoes for the swimming club.74. It has been the _________ (第十) day since we climbed the Great Wall.75. H e borrowed my iPhone 4s and hasn’t ___________ (归还) it to me.76. Newton was sitting under an apple tree when an apple f__________ on to his head.77. In my hometown, the weather of this summer is much h__________ than that of last summer.78. Tom and Jerr y r__________ their bikes to Uncle Ma’s Farm twice a month.79. The mother cat was killed, and the baby cat had to live by i__________.80. Pass me that pair of glasses, please. I can’t see the words c___________.【答案】animal star lucky tenth returned fell hotter ride itself clearly十．【2012福建福州】81. _______ _______(事实上)， he is afraid of making a speech in public.82. As we know, good results________ ________ (取决于)hard work.83. Many teachers go on working ________ _______(即使)they are sick.84. His dream ________ ________ (实现)at last with his great effort.85. We are _______ _______(为……自豪) China for its long history and colorful culture.【答案】 81. In fact 82. depend on 83. even though 84. came true 85. proud of十一．【2012安徽】96. This bike is a g 【礼物】 from my uncle.97. It's p 【礼貌】to use quiet voices in the library.98. The old man started singing, and we all j 【加入】 in.99. Reading and writing are two basic learning s 【技能】 .100. Make sure you put all the answers in your p 【试卷】before handing it in.【答案】present polite joined skills paper十二．【2012湖北荆州】61. Even if you are busy, you should （尽力）to do everything well.(try)62. My parents always say that I （已经长大了）. (grow)63. After that, her teacher (更多地关注) her. (pay)64. Too much noise made it difficult for me (入睡). (fall)65. When we are away, our baby (照顾) by my mother. (take)【答案】61. try your best 62. have(already) grown up 63. paid attention to 64. to fall asleep 65. is/ will be taken care of十三．【2012湖北黄冈】81. The young man found it difficult to have dinner because some of his _______(牙齿)had been pulled out.82. Tom and Linda have been _______( 结婚) for ten years, but they’ve never quarreled.83. If you want to become a good Marathon athlete, you must practice ________(跑步) every day.84. He manages over 100 big companies, He is considered to be one of the most _________(成功的) businessmen in China.85. Their answers to the question were not the same, that’s to say, they answered the question____________(不同地).86. When you communicate with your American e-pal on the Internet, the e-mails are supposed to be ______(写) in English.【答案】81. teeth 82. married 83. running 84. successful 85. differently 86. written十四．【2012江苏南京】46. The teacher always reads the children a _______ (故事) at the end of the day.47. Local people like to _______ (放飞) kites and take a walk in the Olympic Sports Center.48. Peter is so imaginative that most students recommend _______ (他) as the chairperson of the ScienceClub.49. Black tea was invented in China as a way to keep tea _______ （新鲜的）when it was transports longdistance.50. Nanjing, I love you is a beautiful song which represents the feelings and ______（精神）Nanjingpeople。
