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Unit 5Part BText 1AshleyAshley was reading a magazine when she came across an article about antibiotics and other drugs discovered in European rivers and tap water. If such drugs were present there, she reasoned, they might also be found near her home in West Virginia.Ashley feared that antibiotics in the waters could lead to resistant bacteria, or supergerms, which can kill untold numbers of people.The girl, then 16, began testing her area's river -- the Ohio. With a simple device she herself had designed, she collected 350 water samples from the Ohio and its tributaries over ten weeks. Reading scientific journals, she taught herself to analyze the samples. It was the most scientifically sound project for someone her age.Her experiment, one of the first of its kind in the United States, showed that low levels of three antibiotics are indeed present in local waters. Ashley's study won the International Stockholm Junior Water Prize, a virtual Nobel Prize for teenagers. She received a $5,000 scholarship and an audience with Sweden's Crown Princess Victoria.Her interest in science was sparked by walks in the woods with her mother. But it was the day-to-day stuff -- how water comes to the tap, how rain sticks to glass, that most fascinated her. "Science is not a dead thing," she says. "It's happening all around us."By the sixth grade, she was winning at science fairs. She has won $70,000 in prize money, which she has put aside for college. She plans to attend Harvard University. "I want to make my own discoveries, and not just read about what others have done," she said. Her teachers predict that she will one day win a Nobel Prize.Statements:1. Ashley lives in the state of Virginia.2. Antibiotics in streams and rivers can lead to the emergence of supergerms.3. Bacteria found in European local waters and tap water have killed countless people.4. Using simple equipment designed by herself, Ashley collected 350 water samples in ten weeks.5. Ashley's experiment proved that antibiotics did exist in the Ohio River.6. Ashley developed a strong interest in science when she was in her sixth grade.7. Ashley wants to make discoveries by herself and knows how to make use of what she has read.8. The International Stockholm Junior Water Prize is a Nobel Prize for teenagers.9. Ashley got a $5,000 scholarship from Harvard University.10. Ashley can be regarded as a role model for young people.Text 2Young People Say No to SmokingOn February 16, 2001, the teens from a youth group called REBEL launched their advertising campaign at the Liberty Science Center in New Jersey. By now just about everybody has heard the "Not for Sale" commercial on television and the radio against tobacco companies. What many people don't know is that teenagers from West New York and across New Jersey worked on various aspects of the campaign, and even appeared in some of the advertisements. The campaign organizer thought it would be better than using actors if actual REBEL members were in the commercials.REBEL, which stands for Reaching Everybody by Exposing Lies, is a statewide youth initiative against tobacco companies. The movement, which began in November last year, carries the message that teens no longer want to be targeted by tobacco companies in their advertisements. Knowing that peer pressure on teens to smoke or do drugs is one of the biggest problems that teens face, the group is working hard to ensure that their message reaches all teenagers at New Jersey schools.When the group was first formed, there were only five members, all eighth grade students. But by this summer the group had grown to close to 90 members. At a recent recruiting party, a pizza and pool party, at the West New York swimming pool, more than 50 new members were attracted to the group."We don't think that too many people would be interested," said Jackie, one of its founding members. "But everyone knows our message. They know who we are now."Questions:1. When did REBEL launch their advertising campaign?2. How many members did REBEL have by the summer of 2001?3. Who are the members of REBEL?4. What did REBEL do for their campaign against tobacco companies?5. What did REBEL do recently?Part CSkatescootersIn Hong Kong these days, you will often see people riding skatescooters in the streets. Depending on which way you look at them, they can be great for performing tricks or are just the latest fashionable commodity. Fung is one of the more experienced skatescooter riders, as he has been practising his technique for about a year. His curly hair and baggy jeans show his devotion to street fashion and being comfortable. He has a deep passion for and understanding of this sport."I started riding skatescooter a year ago, but at that time there was no one to share the experience with or learn new tricks from," he explained. "Now that it has caught on and more people take part in it, it is more enjoyable."Most of the best brands of skatescooters are made in Switzerland and began to be importedto Hong Kong in 1999. No one took much notice of them, however, until they became popular in Japan. When people saw skatescooters in Japanese magazines they were soon trying to buy them in Hong Kong. Very quickly Hong Kong had its own group of skatescooter riders and the number is still growing.However, not all who enjoy skatescooters regard riding them as a sport. For some people they are simply a quick way to get from home to the underground or from a bus stop to the office. As they can be folded up without difficulty and are easy to carry about, they have become popular with a variety of people from school students to business executives.Statements:1. Skatescooters are very popular in Hong Kong. You'll find riders performing tricks on skatescooters in the streets.2. Fung is the person who introduced skatescooters to Hong Kong.3. Fung is a devoted performer and the most skillful rider of skatescooters in Hong Kong.4. It took Fung about a year to practise and became one of the more experienced skatescooter riders in Hong Kong.5. Magazines play an important role in popularizing skatescooters in Japan.6. Now skatescooters has been listed as one of the competitive sports around the world.7. People like to ride skatescooters as a sport as well as a convenient means of transportation. Part DShe Doesn't Seem Ready for CollegeHi, Jenny, you don't look happy. What's wrong?Jenny: Well, Roger, I've got a problem.Roger: What is it?Jenny: You know my daughter Jane is 16 years old now. And we've begun talking about college.She says she wants to go, but she's let her grades slip and no matter how I urge her to study, all she seems interested in are clothes and boys. We're not wealthy, you know. And it won't be easy for us to afford the tuition if she can't get a scholarship. Is going to college the best choice for her right now?Roger: Do you mean that she doesn't seem ready for college?Jenny: You're right.Roger: Then you'd better have a serious talk with Jane about college.Jenny: A serious talk with her?Roger: Yes, to my mind it's quite normal for girls her age to be wrapped up in fashion and dating, but as a mother you have a right to expect her to pay attention to her studies too.Jenny: Yes, but how?Roger: Ask her how serious she is about college and how hard she's willing to work for it. Jane may be more committed than you realize. But if not, tell her she should think about putting college off for a while. That could give her the push she needs to take her education seriously.Jenny: Sounds like a good idea.。
Listen this way听力教程第三册-8Unit 8 The Sound of MusicPart I Getting readyA quiz game show is a type of radio or television programming genre in which contestants, television personalities or celebrities, sometimes as part of a team, play a game which involves answering questions or solving puzzles usually for money and/or prizes.A The following words will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.1. panel：a group of specialists who give their advice or opinion about something2. contender：a person who takes part in a competition or tries to win something3. nomination：the act of suggesting or choosing somebody asa candidate in an election, or for a job or an award4. cinematography：the art or process of making films5. score：the music written for a film/movie or play6. audition：take part in a practical test for performing applicants7. choreography：the arranging or inventing of dances, especially ballet8. pantomime：traditional Christmas musical show for children9. scherzo：a short, lively piece of music, that is often part of a longer piece10. lyrics：the words of a songListen to the following radio quiz game. Who are those people on the panel? Supply the missing information.Now listen again. Put a mark beside each question. Put a tick if it is true. If it is false, put a cross. Finally write down who that person is.Audioscript::A - Announcer M - MaxineQ - Quizmaster L - LauraT-Tim D-David Radio Bristol. Ladies and gentlemen, it's time for "Alive or Dead?" our exciting quiz game about famous people alive or dead. Before I tell you the rules, let's meet our panel for tonight. From right to left we have that famous sportsman and racing driver, Tim Brown. T:. Evening everyone. Next to Tim, is that lovely star of the American cinema, who is now here in Bristol at the Opera House, Maxine Morgan. Hi there! Next we have novelist, David Walker. Good evening. And last but not least, composer and singer, Laura Dennison. Hello. So let's get with the game. I have the name of a famous person -- alive or dead -- in this envelope. The panel will try to guess who it is. But they can only ask questions which have a "yes" or "no" answer. Are we ready? Well, yes. Are you alive? No, I'm not. Now Maxine, let's have your question. You're not alive. So you are a famous person who is dead. Oh, I know. Are you a person in a book -- a fictional character -- somebody who isn't real? No, I'm not fictional. David, can we have your question? So you're a real, dead person? That's right, I am. Good, now we want to know where you come from. Are you British? No, I'm not British. Are you from Europe? No, I'm not. T: Are you Australian? No, Tim, I'm not. I'm not Australian. Oh, then I know, you're American. You're a real American person, butyou're dead. Now let me think. Ah, yes, are you a writer of any sort? No, I'm not. Are you anything to do with peace, you know someone like Martin Luther King? A good guess, Laura, but I'm nothing to do with peace. Well, that's a difficult one, really. I think the answer is half "Yes" and half "No". No, I'll say "No". T: Mm, funny, half "Yes", half "No", but finally "No". Well, well, are you famous as an entertainer of any sort, you know a film star, or pop singer, or an actor, you know what I mean? Ask one question at a time, Tim, please. The answer to your question is "No". I've got it, I've got the answer. I know, I'm right. Careful now, Maxine. Say the wrong answer and I win the game. Are you sure you know who I am? Yes, you're dead, you're famous, you're American, you are sort of famous for peace work. You're not an entertainer -- you're not an American film star. I don't think you were famous as a soldier. I think you were a politician, I think you died in 1963.1 think you were married to a very beautiful woman ... I think you are very close, Maxine. I think you are almost there. I think you once went to Berlin. I think you are President John Kennedy, President of the United States of America. And congratulations to you and the panel, Maxine. Yes, you are right, the name of the famous person in myenvelope is President Kennedy, born in 1917 and died in 1963, on November 22nd to be exact. Now for my next famous person ...Part II Slumdog Millionaire Slumdog Millionaire is a 2000 British drama film. Set and filmed in India, the film tells the story of Jamal Malik, a young man from the Juhu slums of Mumbai who appears on the Indian version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? and exceeds people's expectations, thereby arousing the suspicions of cheating. It was widely acclaimed, being praised for its plot, soundtrack and directing. It was nominated for 10 Academy Awards in 2009, winning eight, including Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Adapted Screenplay.A Listen to the first news report broadcasted when Slumdog Millionaire won 10 Academy Award nominations. Note down the key words in the notes column. Then complete the storyline of the movie.Audioscript:One of the strongest contenders for the Best Picture Oscar this year is Slumdog Millionaire.Set in Mumbai, India, it is a story about destiny. Jamal Malik, a young man from the slums, becomes a contestant on the Indian reality show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? Based on its American equivalent, the Indian show offers 20 million rupees ($400 000) to the winner.Few expected this independent production directed by filmmaker Danny Boyle to make it to the Oscars. But Slumdog is no longer an underdog. It has won viewers' hearts and gained critical acclaim. With ten Academy Award nominations, it is a serious Oscar contender. (Movie) Host: Jamal Malik, you 're absolutely right!Jamal Malik is not knowledgeable. He just happens to know the answers to the specific questions he's been asked. Each question is somehow related to an event that has defined his life.With their mother dead, Jamal and his brother Salim begin to steal, trade and sleep wherever they can to survive.But the defining moment in Jamal's life is when an orphan girl named Latika tags along with them.Latika is taken by gangsters and Jamal will not rest until he sees her again.Years later, as a young adult, he finds her at a gangster's house. She is locked up, and her only pastime is the Indian TV show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? Jamal gets on the show so she can watch him. (Movie) Two of the musketeers are called Athos and Porthos. What was the name of the third musketeer? Danny: I'd like to phone a friend. Host: Here we go. Latika: Hello.Latika answers the phone. When they were kids, she was the third musketeer. Jamal and Salim were Athos and Porthos. Director Danny Boyle's love story is influenced by Bollywood where everything is extreme.Like most Indian films, Slumdog Millionaire offers upall-consuming passion, tear-jerking drama and a happy ending. The film's dynamic music and vivid colors enhance the emotions. Its fairytale quality does not undermine Danny Boyle's gritty look at today's India, a country of extremes itself. (Movie) Danny: Latika.Slumdog Millionaire's exuberance is contagious. We leave the theater love-struck, exhilarated.And, as in Jamal's case, we can't help but root for the Oscar nominee regardless of the odds.Now listen to the second news report broadcasted on the day when Slumdog Millionaire finally earned 8 Oscars. After listening, match the awards with the corresponding names. Audioscript:Slumdog Millionaire was expected to win big. And, it did, earning Oscars for its cinematography, film editing, sound mixing, and bringing two of the golden statuettes to composer A. R. Rahman for his score and an original song.Steven Spielberg announced the top award of the evening. "And, the Oscar goes to Slumdog Millionaire, Christian Colson, producer."The man behind the movie, Danny Boyle, was named best director.Slumdog Millionaire was a collaboration between the British filmmaker, an Indian cast and crew and a Hollywood distributor. Backstage, Boyle said joint efforts like this will become more common."You know, there's all sorts of people gonna work there. These things are gonna come together. The world's shrinking a bit in a ... in a wonderful way and it will benefit from it because, in ... in culture, fusion is a wonderful thing."The film is set in the slums of Mumbai and features two professional actors with a cast of unknown youngsters from the Mumbai slums. Young cast members came to Hollywood for the Oscars.The story revolves around a teenager who hopes to win riches on a quiz show. Writer Simon Beaufoy, who won an Oscar for his adapted screenplay, says the story is appropriate in a recession."A film comes out that is ostensibly about being a millionaire, and actually what it's about is, it's a film that says there are more important things than money. There's love and faithand your family, and that struck a chord with people, I think, right now."Part III Karen Kain -- a Canadian ballerina The beautiful prima ballerina of the National Ballet of Canada, Karen Kain, was for five years the partner of Rudolph Nureyev and has danced most of the major classical ballet roles all over the world, since her debut in the demanding role of Odile/Odette in Swan Lake at the age of nineteen. She was born in Hamilton, Ontario, not far from Toronto, the home of the National Ballet of Canada. She and her husband now live in Cabbagetown, one of the oldest districts in central Toronto.In this section, you are going to hear an interview during which Karen Kain, a Canadian ballerina, talks about her work and how she first became interested in the ballet. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the left column. After the second listening, answer the questions. Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the interview and then do the multiple choice.Audioscript:Well, I actually saw Celia Franka dance, and now she founded the National Ballet of Canada. And she was dancingin my hometown -- Giselle, and I was taken for my birthday, and I saw her dance, (I) fell in love with it, and I started taking ballet lessons, and then at one point ... I think it was around ten ... my teacher said that I should audition for the National Ballet School, which is a full-time academic and ballet training facility here in Toronto. It's one of (I)think it's the only one in North America. I mean, it's the same set-up as the Paris Opera, the Bolshoi, the Leningrad ... you know, that they have the school affiliated with the Company. And you take all your academic training as well as your dance training. So she told me that I should audition for that, and I did. And when I was eleven years old I went to the ballet school for seven years till I was eighteen, graduated from high school and I joined the National Ballet. Now you were married fairly recently, weren't you? It'll be three years next month, yes. Is touring and so forth hard on married life? I believe your husband's an actor, isn't he? Yes, he is. So you're probably both away quite a lot. We've been very fortunate. We've managed to stay together most of the time. The longest we were separated was when I was on tour with the National Ballet in Europe last spring, and I was gone for six weeks, and he was making a television series and hewas in Australia for six weeks. So we have been separated a few times, but most of the time we manage to be together. We've just been very fortunate. Throughout the year ... how much time do you have off away from the dance? Very little. I'm trying to make sure that I get one week in June this year, because I have not had more than two days free since a year ago January. So I've been working very very hard, and I feel that I really need one week free, you know. Tom Boyd: How long can a ballerina go on before she should start thinking of retiring? I hope that I have another ten years at the most to dance. Tom Boyd: What would you do after that? Would you leave the ballet completely or go into teaching, or choreography? I don't think choreography, I don't think I have any talent in ... you know ... I have no desire, no talent.I like to teach, I like to coach young dancers. I don't think I would leave the ballet world entirely, but I may try something else. You never know. I'm interested in other things and I have done some sorts of musical comedy work, and I've enjoyed it very much -- just to expand myself a little and to look around. And this Christmas again I'll be playing Cinderella in an English pantomime -- which is great fun for me. I really have fun and it's not serious dancing, you know,and I get to speak and act and everything. So I don't know.I would also like to have a family, so I have lots of things that I may do.Part IV More about the topic:Beethoven VBeethoven was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential of all composers. His best known compositions include 9 symphnies, 5 concertos for piano, 32 piano sonatas, and 16 string quartets. The Symphony No. 5 in C minor was written in 1804 - 1808. It is one of the most frequently played symphonies.Listen to the recording. Learn to appreciate Beethoven's Fifth Symphony with the speakers. While listening, complete the following outline.Audioscript:"" The most famous four-note sequence in music, instantly recognizable to us today as Beethoven's Fifth and full of associations. Fate knocking at the door. "V" for victory. Buthow must it have sounded to that original audience? Beethoven presented it as pure music. No clue to its significance or meaning. Well, Beethoven, as a personality, was so tricky and so uncouth in so many ways, and had such a difficult, troubled childhood, that the adult that gave us some of these pieces was a man so often at odds with the world around him. Born in poverty in the German town of Bonn, he was bullied as a child by his alcoholic father and in his 20s realized he was going deaf, surely the crudest of tragedies for a musician. But Beethoven was a man with a will of iron, and, in the Fifth, he harnesses the power of the orchestra to an insistent propulsive rhythm, forcing the symphony to articulate the profoundest personal drama. Host: The story of a soul struggling against implacable fate and emerging incandescently victorious. One of the great contrasts available to a composer are the contrasts of darkness and lightness. And in his Fifth Symphony, builds up from hesitant darkness into the radiant blaze of optimism, confidence, whatever. Now he does this through the simplest of means. At the end of the third movement, which is the rather shadowy, dark scherzo, his plan is to burst us into the light without stopping. Now he does this by making the orchestra play asquietly as it can, all the strings just plucking very, very quietly. Then comes the heartbeat of the drum, very, very quiet and distant and the strings just moving up and down, uncertain about which way they're going to go. And then suddenly, very quickly, the whole orchestra comes in, and, without stopping, we burst into the final movement. This is in the major key. Lights full on, after lights hardly on at all. The symphony is a masterpiece of storytelling without words. When the French Revolution erupted, Beethoven was a teenager, struggling to support his family after the death of their mother, and the concept of individual liberty became a lifelong issue. And we, the listeners, are compelled to share his battle against fate. Although Beethoven wanted to write something that was comprehensible at first hearing, he wasn't writing simply to give pleasure. He wanted it to be a potentially life-changing experience, music that would resonate in the mind long after the last note had sounded.Part V Do you know ...?What is a musical? According to one definition, it is a stage, television or film production utilizing popular-style songs and dialogue to either tell a story and/or showcase thetalents of varied performers. Musicals are not just written -- they are collaborative creations that are put together piece by piece. Then what is the Broadway musical? When was it born?A Spot dictation. Listen to a passage about the birth of the Broadway musical. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Audioscript:Most scholars believe that The Black Crook in 1866 marked the beginning of the musical comedy, integrating music, dance and comedy, with an emphasis on beautiful women and spectacular scenery. But it was during World War One and after, that the musical developed as a uniquely American idiom.Song-and-dance man George M. Cohan exploited Americans' sense of patriotism, moving away from European influences. In the 1920s. songwriters who include Jerome Kern, George and Ira Gershwin, Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, brought the musical to maturity with their meticulous crafting of music and lyrics to create the American popular song.The modern musical was born in 1943 with Rodgers and Hammerstein's Oklahoma, which revolutionized the way dance,music and dialogue were used to develop the plot and characters. Other songwriters of the 1940s, 50s and 60s capitalized on that winning formula to write so many hit musicals, that that era is now referred to as "Broadway's Golden Age." Since then, American musicals have been translated and produced on stages all over the world. The music has become a mainstay among vocalists and jazz musicians, making clear the expression that the music of Broadway is truly "America's classic music."Foreigners call Americans Yankees. Southerners say that Yankees are Northerners. Northerners say that Yankees are from the New England states. People in New England say it is the Vermonters who are Yankees. Vermonters reply that a Yankee is just someone who eats pie for breakfast. It seems that the origin of this term defies detection.B1 Listen to the passage. Focus on what the word "Yankee" refers to at different times. Supply the missing information. B2 Now listen to the passage again. Complete the summary. Our question this week asks about the song Yankee Doodle. To explain, we must go back more than 200 years. The American colonies had not yet won independence from England. TheBritish used the word "Yankee" to describe colonists in the northeast part of America. That area was known as New England. After the War for Independence, the British used the word to mean all Americans. And during both World Wars American soldiers were known as Yankees or just Yanks.That was the song Yankee Doodle. History experts do not know exactly when it was written. Some research shows the date may have been during the 1750s. Many stories say a British army doctor wrote the song when England was fighting the French and the Indians in North America. There is little confirmation of these stories. We do know, however, that Yankee Doodle was sung by the British to make the colonial people of North America look foolish. And we know the song became popular among the colonists themselves. Many knew at least some of the words.The British continued to use the song to make Yankees look foolish until the early days of the War for Independence in the 1770s. Stories say, British soldiers marching out of the city of Boston stepped in time to the music of Yankee Doodle. Those same soldiers were defeated by colonial troops at thetown of Concord singing the same song. Since then, Yankee Doodle has been a song that represents the United States.Part VII Watch and enjoyMagic is a performing art that entertains audiences by staging tricks or creating illusions of seemingly impossible or supernatural feats using natural means. These feats are called magic tricks, effects, or illusions. A professional who performs such illusions is called a magician or an illusionist. Watch the video clip from the movie Illusionist. After watching, answer the following questions. Videoscript:Announcer：Life and death, space and time, fate and chance.These are the forces of the universe. Tonight, ladies and gentleman, I present to you a man who has unlocked these mysteries. From the furthest corners of the world where the dark arts still hold sway, he returns to us todemonstrate how nature's laws may be bent. I give you ...Eisenheim.Eisenheim：Might I borrow a handkerchief from someone? You, Madam. Thank you. Ah, be patient. Now, if you please, Iwould like to continue with an examination of time. From the moment we enter this life we are in the flow of it.We measure it and we mark it but we cannot defy it. We cannot even speed it up or slow it down. Or can we? Have we not each experienced a sensation that a beautiful moment seemed to pass too quickly? And wished that we could make it linger? Or felt time slow on a dull day and wished that we could speed things up a bit? I assure you, they're quite real. Audience: Is it real? Eisenheim： And you, Madam, where is your handkerchief?Audience: Bravo! Very good.。
第五单元听力原文Warm upBody: He's kind of chubby. She's so thin. He's really tall. Hair: She has long curly hair. He's almost bald.She has straight blond hair. He has short, brown hair. Face: She's pretty. He's good-looking.Personality: She's shy. He's funny. He's outgoing.She's friendly.Listening task1. A: Tell me about your girlfriend.B: Denise? Well, she's pretty tall,and she has wavy blond hair.A: Is she pretty?B: Mm, I think so! And she's fun to be with,a very friendly person.A: Oh, really?B: Yeah, and she has a nice big bright smile all the time.2. A: Cheryl, tell me about your boyfriend.B: Tim?A: Yeah, what's Tim like?B: I think he's really sweet, very warm person,and he's also intelligent.A: Uh huh.B: And very patient, too.A: That's good. So what does he look like?B: Tim? Well, he's not too tall, anda little on the heavy side, I guess,and he's got short black hair and wears glasses.He's very cute.3. A: I met this really interesting woman last night.B: Oh, yeah? Tell me about her.A: Well, we kind of hit it off. Her name's Kate.She's quiet, a little mysterious maybe,but very thoughtful, very intelligent, very quiet.B: You already said that.A: Oh.B: What does she look like?A: She's tall and thin, really thin,long wavy black hair.B: And interesting, you say?A: Yeah, I really like her.4. A: I met this really cool guy last weekend.B: Oh, yeah? Who?A: His name is Grant.He's a student at UCLA. An art major.B: Where did you meet him?A: At the Getty Museum.B: And what's he like?A: Well, he's really tall and has this wavy brown hair and glasses—very cute.B: That's what you like about him? His looks?A: No, no, no. He was just really cool, very artistic guy.You know.Real world listeningHello, everyone, and welcome to People Bingo.I'm your host, Cliff Parker.Here's how the game works.I give the clues, you guess the person.Make an X on the square, and if you get three in a row, that's Bingo! And you win the game.Are you ready? Well, ready or not, it's time to start People Bingo!Let's begin.First, this person is tall and thin,and is wearing jeans and a T-shirt.The T-shirt is white with blue sleeves. And she has very long hair. Next, this personhas short dark hair and is wearing a pair of white shorts,and he has on a blue Hawaiian shirt with flowers on it.Next, this person has long dark hair,and she's wearing a black dress and a white sweater over it. Next, this person has blond hair and is wearing jeans,and he's also wearing a white sweater.Next,this person is wearing baggy jeans and a red T-shirt.He's also wearing a red cap.And we have a winner. Congratulations!Video 1Cindy: Do I look fat in these jeans?Jane: No, you look really nice in them!Cindy: I've been on a diet these past few days.Jane: Why would you want to lose weight?Cindy: I just hate the way I look.Jane: You should be more confident, you know.Cindy: I know, but then why haven't I got a boyfriend? Jane: That's because you just haven't met the right guy yet. Cindy: So do you think I'm good-looking?Jane: As a friend, I think you're beautiful inside out! Cindy: Thanks for the compliment.Video 2Cindy: My boyfriend dumped me last week.Dan: Oh, I'm sorry to hear that. How long were you together? Cindy: We were only together for about a week.Dan: Why so sudden?Cindy: I don't know. He didn't explain why.Dan: What was he like anyway?Cindy: He was tall and handsome and had short black hair. Dan: It sounds to me like you didn't really know him. Cindy: Yeah, well, he didn't talk much. He was a bit shy. Dan: You need to find someone more outgoing I think. Cindy: Yeah, you're right.。
Unit 5 AthletesPart 1 Listening, Understanding and SpeakingListening II'm Ted. Well, I've been playing it since I was quite young. My father was very keen on it and he used to give me lessons. We didn't have to go far to play, so we used to play together quite a lot. Unless you have to join a club, it's not an expensive sport. You just need a racket and some balls. When I was in university, I played for an hour or so every morning. Sometimes it was not easy for us to book a court because it was so popular. For most people, i t’s great exercise and requires a lot of energy. Of course, you have to be fit, as it demands a lot of running and speed around the court. Usually, there’s not a lot of standing around; one is constantly moving. But that’s why it’s a sport I like to play and watch so much.I'm Mike. I think I've been playing it for nearly 40 years now, ever since I was a little kid. It has always been a great interest of mine. When I watch a game, I appreciate the athletic skills of the players: the strategies of the manager or coach; and the excitement of the uncertainty. I enjoy not knowing how the game is going to end, even when a very strong team is playing against a very weak team. There's always that possibility of surprise, and of the unexpected changing the game.I'm Lisa. Well, I've been doing it every winter holiday for as long as I can remember. I love doing it because you can get better every time. It's fast and exciting and although it's really cold, you can still get a tan. Of course, the scenery is beautiful and it's really nice when you're tired to go and have a hot drink afterwards. The problem is that it's very expensive and really dangerous. But apart from getting hurt occasionally, I still thoroughly enjoy it.1. 1) tennis 2 ) quite young 3)soccer 4) a little kid 5) nearly 40 years6)skiing 7) remember2. tennis 1, 5, 7 football/soccer 2, 9, 10 skiing 3, 4, 6, 8Listening IIDuring the 1930s and 1940s, when someone asked a kid whom his role models were, he would often respond with the names of baseball players. Advertisers trying to sell a product would often turn to baseball stars because the public knew them and loved them. Now looking at today's baseball players, the only time we seem to hear about them is when they are complaining about their salaries. Baseball is no longer the great national pastime, and kids are looking elsewhere for their role models.Back in the 1930s and 1940s, money wasn't such an important issue. Players played baseball because they loved the game. They rarely complained about money. And they earned very little in comparison with players today.Most players back then were also positive role models both on and off the field. They did a lot of things for the neighborhood, from visiting sick children in hospitals to signing autographs—not for the publicity, but just one of the kindness of their hearts. Parents then could be proud when their children said that they wanted to grow up and play major league baseball. Today, however, most baseball players visit hospitals only when they need care, and some of them even charge 20 dollars for their autograph.In the past, players always tried to be positive role models for America's youth. Today, it is a totally different story. It seems that we can't get through a week without some baseball player doing something stupid or illegal.If today’s players would just grow up and stop worrying about who's making the most money, they would start feeling better about themselves; the public would start respecting the game again; and kids could start finding some role models on the baseball field again.1. B D A C2.T T F F F F F T T TListening IIIBuilding team spirit is always the focal point of what I try to do as a manager. When I first went to Crystal Palace, players would finish training and then go straight home. There was no atmosphere. So we brought in a pool table and fruit machines. When players choose to spend time together, it generates a better atmosphere.The team spirit is very important, but I don't believe in motivating the team as a team. I don’t give team talks. I try to motivate the team as individuals. I speak to the players individually and try not to put too much pressure on anyone. I believe players perform best when they are relaxed. If they're too tense, I can guarantee they won't play well.I also believe in giving people autonomy. I like all the people who work for me to be autonomous.I very rarely interfere. I feel people should be judged on their results. If they prove incompetent, then I'm incompetent if I continue employing them.It's like that with the team. I get criticized for not interfering during a game and for not making more substitutions. But I feel if I've chosen those 11 players to get a result, then I should leave them alone to get on with it.If I'm dropping a player from the team, I don't feel I have to explain it to them. If they want to discuss it, I'll say, "Come back and talk about it in a couple of days' time." But I don't try to remotivate them. It's up to them to have the character to fight their way back to the team. I'm a great believer that almost everything you achieve in life is due to your attitude. If I have a player who is magnificently gifted but has a stinking attitude, I won't waste my time on them.1. 1) team spirit 2) A. spend time together B. individuals pressure C. autonomy interfered drop a player2. 1.2.4.6.8.10（√）Listening IVEver since the modern Olympic Games began in 1896, they've had their critics. Every form of competitive activity attracts trouble. But part of the aim of the Games, when they were first held in ancient Greece, was to discourage war between states by engaging them in a friendlier kind of combat.The spirit of competition in the Games uses up a lot of energy which might otherwise be harmfully deployed. It does a lot of good getting people to forget their differences in a communal activity. Any competitor or spectator at the event will tell you that the atmosphere of friendship there is unforgettable, as if the world really is one big family. And the hostilities that the press always likes to exaggerate, exist only in a few places. Indeed, it is safe to say, we often suffer more from bad publicity than bad sportsmanship.These Games are the biggest international gathering of any kind in the world. Not only do they bring sports people together, but they unite the world’s public. Isn't this a sufficient reason for continuing them? Of course, a few people are going to use them as an occasion for propaganda. But why should the feelings of a few spoil it for all those who continue to be inspired by the Games?No! As long as the majority wants it, these Games will continue. This is sport, not politics, and it should remain so.1. 1.What is said about the purpose of the Olympic Games? C2.What is said about the spirit of the Olympic Games ? B3.What is said about the influence of the Games ? B2. 1. Criticism.2. It could be harmfully deployed, as in war.3. The world is like a big family.4. Hostilities.5. The majority of people.6. To explain why the Olympic Games should be continued.Part 4 Further ListeningListening IAnnouncer: And in today's Sports World we have a special report from Karen Finch who is with the athletes in the Olympic Village in Atlanta. The line's clear. Can you hearme, Karen?Karen: Fine, Barry, just fine.Announcer: Great. So here is Karen Finch with her report from the Olympic Village.Karen: Well, I have two athletes with me in the studio. First, Bo Lundquist.Bo: Hi!Karen: Bo is a cyclist and he's here with the Swedish team. This is your first Olympics, isn't it, Bo?Bo: Yes, it is.Karen: And how do you feel about it?Bo: Happy, very happy.Karen: Let's talk about your training schedule, Bo. I imagine it's pretty hard.Bo: Yes, it is. I get up at five...Karen: Five! And do you start training then?Bo: Well, first I have a cup of coffee then I start training at about five- thirty. You know, it's quite cold at that time.Karen: Right! I'm sure it is. When do you finish training, Bo?Bo: Well, I practice cycling on the track for about two hours. Then I have a short break for breakfast. After that, I do exercises for another few hours. I suppose I finish atabout midday.Karen: So you're free after twelve. What do you do then?Bo: You mean, what do I do in my spare time?Karen: Right.Bo: Well, we usually go swimming in the afternoon. That's all. I go to bed early. I want to win a gold medal for Sweden.Karen: Well, I hope you do. Thank you, Bo Lundquist. Next we have Bob Smith with me in the studio. Bob's a long distance runner and the American 3000 meterschampion.Bob: Hi!Karen: Hello, Bob. How is your training going?Bob: Fine, just fine. I have a really good program and I think I'm in first-class condition.Karen: Tell me about it, Bob.Bob: Well, I don't like training early in the morning. I don't know why. I just don't like it. So I start around 10 o’clock.Karen: Mmm. And what about having lunch?Bob: I don't have lunch. Lunch makes me tired. I train all through the day until about five o'clock.Karen: Really? So late?Bob: Yes! Then I shower and go home.Karen: So you live right here in Atlanta, do you, Bob?Bob: Yes. I'm married. We live on campus at the University.Karen: What do you do in your spare time, Bob?Bob: I don't have much spare time. I'm studying to be a doctor.Karen: Don't you have any free time?Bob: Not much. But when I relax I like listening to music. Music is really special to me.Karen: Well, thank you, Bob and Bo. Good luck! This is Karen Finch at the Olympic Village in Atlanta.Announcer: Thank you, Karen. And now for our other sports news.1.2,3,5,7 (√)2.Swedish Americancycling long distance running3,000 championship5:30 a.m. 12:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 5:00 p.m.swimming listening to musicListening IIPeople in tropical countries can read about winter sports but are unable to participate in them. They cannot build snowmen, throw snowballs, toboggan, or ice-skate. Above all, they cannot go skiing.Someone defined skiing as gliding over the ground on two boards. The sport is popular in America in the states which have snow in the winter months. The pleasure we take in this healthy outdoor activity is shared by the Finns, the Russians, the Swedes, the Norwegians, the Germans, the Italians, the Swiss, and the French, who all live in temperate zones with winter climates. But what must people from Egypt, Libya, and Nigeria think of this strange sport?Skiing, unlike tennis or baseball, is not a city sport. Until recently, even in countries with snow, it was limited to mountainous regions. Now there is a new variation that can be enjoyed by everyone. It is called ski touring.1. 1.building snowman2.throwing snowballs3.tobogganing4.ice-skating5.skiing2. Finland; Sweden; Switzerland; Germany; U.S.A; Italy; France; Norway; Russia (√)Listening IIIWoman: On the matter of careers, a lot of the jobs that people go into are lifetime careers. What about baseball? Is it a career over one's full lifetime?Man: Baseball has been my life so far...as you know. I mean, I know someday, could be tomorrow, that I'm going to be out of it.Woman: But how long can you really expect to play, let's say, actively?Man: I've set goals, and I made my first goal, which was to make it to the big leagues. Now, my next goal is to make it through four years, to get my pension.Woman: But how many years can you expect to play professional ball?Man: I'm a pitcher, so it's difficult to say because you never know whether you're going to have a sore arm, whether it's going to go out on you, or what other problem mighthappen. But normally, as a pitcher, I guess the prime time for a pitcher is between27 to 30. I'm 24 and this is my sixth year.Woman: Well, is there any problem with a feeling of insecurity and...Man: Yeah, there is. Especially, like I said, during my first year. I disciplined myself, and I worked hard—and that's what got me here. And I realize that I have to work hard tostay here. And there is the insecurity.Woman: You're under contract?Man: Right, I'm under contract. But that doesn't necessarily mean anything. They could send me down tomorrow. They could do whatever they wanted with me.Woman: What does it take to play professionally? I'm thinking about the level of skill. Is it something that you just work hard to get, or is there a natural sort of ability?Man: Well, there're people that have the natural ability, you know. I feel like I didn't have much. I just worked hard and that's what got me here.1. Male Baseball player 24 Pitcher five to six2. 1.What is the prime career time for a pitcher? C2. What makes the man successful in baseball, according to the conversation? A3. What can be inferred from the conversation? D4. Which of the following statements is true? D5. What kind of feeling does the man have now and then ? D6. What does the man think of baseball as a career? AListening IVLearning to swim had been surprisingly easy, thanks to the Navy's policy of dealing with fear by ignoring it. My fear of deep water left after my Navy experience. On the first day in the pool, an instructor with a voice like a bullhorn ordered 50 of us to climb a high board and jump in feet first. The board looked about 200 feet high, though it may have been only 20 or 25. A line was formed to mount the ladder and jump. I drifted to the end of the line, and then stepped out when the splashing started and introduced myself to the instructor."I'm a non-swimmer," I said, "shall I go to the shallow end of the pool?" At City College I'd spent four years in the shallow end of the pool."This pool doesn't have a shallow end," the instructor said."Well, what am I going to do?""Get up on that platform and jump," he said.The pool depth was marked as 15 feet at that point."I'm not kidding. I can't swim at all.""Up! Up!" he shouted."But I'll drown.""This pool has got the best lifesaving equipment in the Navy," he said. "Don't worry about it." "Come on."Then he shouted again, "I'm giving you an order, mister. Up!"Quaking in every fiber, I climbed the ladder, edged out onto the board, took one look down and unable to faint, stepped back."Jump!" the instructor roared.I stepped to the edge, closed my eyes, and walked into space. The impact of the water was great; then I was sinking, then My God! I was rising irresistibly to the surface. My head broke water. The water was actually supporting me, just as everybody had always said it would. The instructor glared."You didn't keep your legs straight," he shouted. "Get back up there and do it again."1. 1. What does the speaker say about learning to swim in the Navy? A2. How high was the board/? C3. What did the instructor do when he found out about the speaker’s problem? A4. Why did the speaker eventually jump into the pool? A5. What is the best way to overcome fear, according to the speaker? B6. Which of the following is true about the speakers’ education? D7. Which of the following can be used to describe the instructor? C8. Why did the speaker want to go to the shallow end of the pool? B9. Why did the instructor ask the speaker to do it again? D10. How did the instructor assure the speaker that he wouldn’t drown? B2. 1) drifted 2) stepped 3) introduced 4) Quaking 5) climbed6) walked into 7)sinking 8) rising 9) broke 10) supporting。
听力教程第三册-10Unit 10 A Glimpse of the AgePart I Getting readyIn 1969, one of the greatest technological achievements of the human race was accomplished. A human first set foot on another celestial body.Audioscript：Thirty-five years ago, on July 20. 1969. humans first set foot on another world. U.S. Apollo 11 astronaut Neil Armstrong descended from a landing craft named "Eagle" to become the first person to step on the moon, a momentous event he eloquently consecrated."That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind."During their two-and-a-half hour moonwalk, the Apollo crewmen planted the U.S. flag in the soil and received a phone call from President Richard Nixon, who paid tribute to what he called their immense feat. "Because of what you have done, the heavens have become a part of man's world. For one priceless moment in the whole history of man, all the people on this Earth are truly one, one in their pride in what you have done."21.5 hours after descent, astronauts Armstrong and Aldrin fired their ascent rockets and rejoined Michael Collins aboard the orbiting "Columbia" command module for the flight home, establishing forever what Mr. Armstrong has called Apollo 11's lasting legacy."The important achievement of Apollo was a demonstration that humanity is not forever chained to this planet, and our visions go rather further than that and our opportunities are unlimited."Part II Standing on the moonAlan Shepard is a U.S. astronaut, who walked on the moon in 1971. In an interview, Alan Shepard reminisced about his experience on the moon.Audioscript：On February 4, 1971, Alan Shepard, commander of the Apollo 14 space mission, became the fifth person to walk on the moon. He and fellow astronaut Edgar Mitchell spent nine hours and 2 3 minutes in space suits on the lunar surface. Their major job was to gather and photograph samples of the materials on the moon's surface, including rocks and stones, to take back to geologists on earth.When he was asked about his lunar experience, Mitchell said, "What it did for me is really force me to get a picture of the universe from a totally different perspective and then start to question our conventional ways oflooking at ourselves, our place in the universe, our place in life, what it's all about."A year and a half earlier, on July 20, 1969, the astronauts of Apollo 11 had made the first landing on the moon. At that time, Commander Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the moon. As he took his first step out of the lunar module, he radioed these words to the earth: "That's one small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind."In a July 1994 interview with a writer for the New York Times, Alan Shepard talked about looking at earth: "I remember being struck by the fact that it looks so peaceful from that distance, but remembering on the other hand all the confrontation going on all over that planet and feeling a little sad that people on planet Earth couldn't see that same sight because obviously all the military and political differences become so insignificant seeing it from the distance."Audioscript：T -- Terry Gross A -- Alan ShepardT：What surprised you most about how the surface of the moon looked? A：I don't think we had any surprises about the actual surface of the moon -- about the barrenness. We had looked at pictures of ourlanding site taken by previous missions. We had worked withmodels that were made from those pictures. We knew the generalconfiguration of where the craters were supposed to be. We knew the objective of Cone Crater, which was the one we climbed up the side of to get rock samples. There weren't any surprises there. The surprise I had was standing on the surface after we'd been there for a few minutes, having a chance to rest a little bit, and looking up at the earth for the first time -- you have to look up because that'swhere it is. And the sky is totally black, and here you have a planet which is four times the size of the moon as we look at it from the earth, and you also have color. You have a blue ocean(s) and thebrown landmasses -- the brown continents -- and you can see ice on the ice caps on the North Pole, and so on. It's just an absolute,incredible view, and then you say -- ah -- hey -- um -- that looks a little small to me. It looks like it -- it does have limits. It's a littlefragile. You know, down here we think it's infinite. We don't worry about resources um. Up there you're saying, "Gosh, you know, it's a shame those folks down there can't get along together -- ah -- and think about trying to conserve, to save what limited resources they have." And it's just very emotional. I actually shed a couple of tears looking up at the earth and having those feelings.Part III Nelson Mandela -- The Fatherof South Africa"As I walked out the door toward the gate that would lead to my freedom, I knew if I didn't leave my bitterness and hatred behind, I'd still be in prison," Mandela said after he was freed in 1990. Theprisoner-turned-president reconciled South Africa after the end of the apartheid. He held a special place in the consciousness of the nation and the world. On the evening of 5 December, 2013, Nelson Mandela joined the ancestors.Audio script：Just before midnight local time in South Africa, President Jacob Zuma appeared on national television to announce that the father of modern South Africa had died. Nelson Mandela was 95.Jacob Zuma: Fellows of Africans, our beloved Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, the founding president of our democratic nation, has departed. Nelson Mandela had been suffering from a lung infection for some time. He spent three months in hospital earlier this year before being allowed home for treatment in September. The news of his death may have been expected, but that didn't soften the blow for many South Africans.The South African president Jacob Zuma made a televised speech announcing details of Mr Mandela's funeral.Jacob Zuma: He'll be laid to rest on the 15th of December in Qunu in the Eastern Cape Province. We should all work together to organize the mostbefitting funeral for this outstanding son of our country and the father of our young nation.Nelson Mandela spent 27 years in jail, imprisoned by the white minority government to serve his efforts to fight injustice of apartheid. By the time he gained his freedom in 1990, he'd captured the imagination of people around the world. His greatest achievement was to then take South Africa into a new era without the widespread bloodshed that had been feared. The memorial service for former South African President Nelson Mandela is set to be one of the largest gatherings of its kind in generations. Tens of thousands of mourners and almost 100 foreign leaders are expected to attend the event at the FNB stadium in Johannesburg.Audioscript：The person I admire most in the world is Nelson Mandela. He was the President of South Africa during the 1990s, but before that he spent more than 25 years, I think, in prison. He was put in prison because of his political beliefs. He wanted to get equal rights for black people in South Africa, and the government put him in prison because of his political views ... um ... he was a lawyer before he went to prison and he represented himself at his trial. Some of the things he said during his trial were amazing. They're still famous speeches, I think.The reason that I admire him is that in spite of the fact that he spent such a long time in prison he never changed his views. It would've been quite easy for him to perhaps stop campaigning for the rights of black people, but he never did that. Right until the end of his time in prison, he was still campaigning. When I went to South Africa, I met somebody who was in prison with him and it was amazing to hear about how they were ... they found it so easy to forgive the government and the people who'd put them in prison, they weren't bitter or angry about it.I think he's really influenced the way people think about how they can make changes, political changes, by standing by what they believe in and stating their beliefs very clearly.Part IV More about the topic:World War I and IIWhat do wars bring to people? Death, suffering, destruction, atrocities. Two World Wars in the twentieth century were continuous in both time and space. They were fought day and night, winter and summer, over weeks and months at a time. In terms of lives lost and material destruction, World War II is the most devastating war in human history.Audioscript：The shots that rang out on the streets of Sarajevo in June 1914 were to change the world. On that day a young Serbian assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary. In retaliation, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Decades of simmering nationalistic hostilities quickly were unleashed. The principal belligerents on one side were Austria-Hungary and Germany, on the other, Britain, France, Russia, and in 1917, the United States. It was called the war to end all wars: World War I.For four years the conflict raged, in trenches and in the air, with bullets, grenades and poison gas. By the summer of 1918, German forces were undefeated in the field, although the allied nations had had some significant successes. But then Germany's Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated and German politicians were left to sue for peace.More than 8 million soldiers were killed or died during the hostilities. An estimated 12 million civilians also perished. In the aftermath of the war, huge changes occurred. The center of wealth transferred from Europe to the United States; the political map of Europe was significantly redrawn; and Germany was left in financial shambles, its people driven to the brink of starvation, a situation that helped lead to the rise of Adolf Hitler and, ultimately, World War II.After the end of World War One, smoldering hostilities continued in much of Europe. In 1939, they erupted into the most destructive war in history. World War II raged across Europe, Asia, Africa and the Pacific Islands, eventually costing the lives of tens of millions of civilians and soldiers.Three events helped usher in World War II: Japan overran Manchuria; Italy, under fascist dictator Benito Mussolini, invaded Ethiopia; and most important, Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany. He rearmed the country, in violation of a treaty signed after World War I, and soon began to threaten other European nations.For six years, the war unleashed atrocities on a scale never before seen, including the annihilation of six million Jews in Nazi death camps. And the world entered the nuclear age when the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan in August 1945.When the war finally ended, the world's political map was redrawn; Europe and Japan were in economic shambles; and the groundwork was laid for the decades long Cold War. Still, out of the conflict were born the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe, the United Nations, and the hope that never again would the world face such a crucible.Part V Do you know ...?A kiss is usually very romantic, as both of the people love each other. Would you believe, however, that both persons although kissing in the picture didn't know each other for nearly fifty years? It is one of the most famous kisses in American history.Audioscript：The photograph shows a man kissing a woman. And it's quite a kiss. He has a bent almost over backwards. The photographer was the renowned Alfred Eisenstein , who published the picture on the cover of a nation wide magazine. But since the subject was kissing, it's hard to see their faces clearly. So for 50 years no one could figure out who they were.It is one of the most famous kisses in American history: a sailor and a nurse in a victory embrace right in the middle of Broadway. The image was captured on 14 August, 1945 by photographer Alfred Eisenstein and printed on the cover of Life magazine. But the kissers whose faces are obscured remained anonymous for years. In 1980, Edith Sheng came forward to admit she was the nurse. Although she recognized herself from the minute she saw the magazine's cover, she said she was too embarrassed to tell anyone because she didn't know who the sailor in the picture was."I was just standing there and I... grabbed and this is a stranger. But this is a man who fought for us, and who helped end the war."Miss Sheng says she's received several calls over the past 15 years from men who claimed to be the sailor who kissed her, but she says none of their stories rang true.But Carols Muscarrela says he didn't have any trouble persuading Edith Sheng that he was the man in Eisenstein's photograph when he met her in July, nearly 50 years after their first encounter. Mr Muscarrela said he didn't even know the picture had been taken because he was shipped out a few days later and didn't return for 3 months. He said his mother saw the picture, however, and was shocked."My mother went to visit the doctor's office in Berklin. This is several weeks after the photograph was taken and she picked up a magazine in the doctor's office and she said: 'This is my boy. This is my little boy.'" When he did learn about the picture, Carols said he didn't come forward to identify himself because he was happily married and really had no interest in the publicity. But, he says, a friend persuaded him to come forward for the 50th anniversary of the end of the Second World War and the most famous kiss in American history.Part VII Watch and enjoy Videoscript：November, 1960, senator John Fitzgerald Kennedy of Massachusetts wins one of the narrowest election victories in American history over VicePresident Richard Nixon by a little more than 100 000 votes. Alongside his beautiful and elegant wife Jacqueline Bouvier, Kennedy is the symbol of the new freedom of the 1960s signifying change and upheaval to the American public.Martin Luther King：All men are created equal.Kennedy：Every degree of mind and spirit that I possess will be devoted to the cause of freedom around the world.In October, 1962, the world comes to the brink of nuclear war when Kennedy quarantines Cuba after announcing the presence of offensive Soviet nuclear missiles 90 miles off American shores. Soviet ships with more missiles sail towards the island but at the last moment they turn back. The world breathes with relief.Early that fatal summer Kennedy speaks of his new vision at the American university in Washington.Kennedy：What kind of peace do I mean? And what kind of peace do we seek? Not a Pax Americana enforced on the world by American weapons of war. We must re-examine our own attitudes towards the Soviet Union. Our most basic common link is that we all inhabit this small planet. We all breathe the same air. We all cherish ourchildren's futures. And we're all mortal.Voice from the broadcast：Here is a bulletin from CBS news. In Dallas Texas, three shots were fired at President Kennedy'smotorcade in downtown Dallas. The first reports say that President Kennedy has been seriously -- wounded by the shooting.District Attorney：What's wrong?Man：Boss, the President's been shot. In Dallas. Five minutes ago. District Attorney：Oh, no. How bad?Man：There's no word yet. But they think it's in the head.District Attorney：Come on. Napoleon's has a TV set.Voice from the broadcast：Apparently three bullets were found.Governor Connally also appeared to have been hit. The Presidentwas rushed by secret service to Parkland Memorial hospital, fourmiles from Daley plaza. We're told the bullet entered the base of the throat and came out the back side. But there is no confirmation.Blood transfusions are being given. A priest has administered thelast rites.District Attorney：There's still a chance. Come on, Jack, pull through. Voice from the broadcast：From Dallas, Texas, the flash, apparently official: President Kennedy died at 1:00 p.m. Central Standard Time, two o'clock Eastern Standard Time, some 38 minutes ago. VicePresident Johnson has left the hospital. Presumably he will be taking the oath of office shortly and become the 36th president of theUnited States.A black woman：He did so much for this country, for colored people.Why? Why?。
Unit 5 Languages Around the WorldListening and TalkingReading for WritingExplore different kinds of EnglishⅠ. 话题句式1. Do you mean trousers? 你说的是裤子吗?2. I’m sorry. What does the word “pants”mean?抱歉, pants一词是什么意思?3. How do you pronounce the word “travel”?你怎么读travel这个单词?4. I’m sorry. Would you mind repeating the word “despite”?抱歉, 你介意重复一下despite这个词吗?5. I beg your pardon? 你能重新说一遍吗?Ⅱ. 情境交际(听录音补全对话)As many countries speak English as 1. a first language, there are many different kinds of English around the world: British English, 2. American English, Australian English, and many others. Some English learners might ask, “Can English speakers from different countries all understand each other? ”The answer is yes. People in these countries can usually understand each other with very 3. few problems. There are differences in vocabulary, pronunciation, and 4. grammar, but those are usually not big problems. However, those differences can cause confusion for non-native 5. English speakers. For example, a student who haslearnt British English might not be familiar with the 6. different vocabulary that an American might use. Listen to this conversation between a foreign language student and her American classmate.Ⅰ. 话题词汇1. pronounce a word 读一个单词2. pick up a language(非正式途径)学会一门语言3. go and/to try去试试4. make mistakes犯错误5. understand each other彼此理解6. English corner英语角7. get it明白8. native English speakers以英语为母语的人9. different in vocabulary词汇方面不同10. make a sentence with. . . 用……造句11. speak different languages说不同的语言12. open one’s mouth to speak张开嘴说13. give sb. a chance to do sth. 给某人一个机会做某事14. communicate with sb. 与某人交流Ⅱ. 听说演练杰克和李华正在讨论去买双鞋, 请选择适当的选项完成对话。
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-2Unit 2 Wildlife ConservationPart Ⅰ Getting readygravely：严重species：物种extinct：灭种on the brink：在边缘can't afford to wait any more：不能再等待take action：采取行动abbreviations ：缩写acronyms：首字母缩略词IUCN -- International Union for the Conservation of Nature：世界自然保护联盟convention：会议;全体与会者;国际公约;惯例，习俗，规矩CITES -- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species：华盛顿公约，濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约conservation：保存;保护;避免浪费;对自然环境的保护UNEP -- United Nations Environmental Program：联合国环境规划署WWF -- World Wide Fund for Nature ：世界自然基金会regulate：调节;控制，管理promote the conservation：促进保护under the auspices of：在…的帮助或支持下;有…赞助的prohibit：禁止endangered species：濒危野生动植物种encourage partnerships in doing sth：鼓励伙伴partnership：伙伴关系;合伙人身份;合作关系;合营公司inspiring information：鼓舞人心的信息improve their quality of life：改善生活品质without compromising：不妥协enable sb to do sth：使……能raise funds for ：筹款giant panda：大熊猫a global network：全球网Gland：格兰德Switzerland：瑞士biological diversity：生物多样性ecosystem services：生态系统服务variety：种类a breathable atmosphere：洁净的（能够呼吸的）空气reduce in number ：数量减少role：任务negligible：以忽略的;微不足道的apes：猿whales：鲸seals：海豹marine turtles：海龟walrus：海象dolphins：海豚crocodiles：鳄鱼bludgeon：攻击;威胁，强迫campaign：运动sanctuaries：庇护所sea sanctuary：海洋保护区protected-nesting sites ：受保护的营巢区nesting site：营巢区;筑巢区;巢址pollute：污染ivory：象牙porpoise：动鼠海豚come into force：开始生效habitat：（动物的）栖息地，住处compromise：妥协roll off：辗轧;下降breed：繁殖public appeal：公众诉求;呼吁slaughter：屠宰（动物）;大屠杀make a donation：捐款Wild animals and wild plants and the wild places where they live are gravely threatened almost everywhere. One species has become extinct in each year of this century; and many hundreds are now on the brink. We can't afford to wait any more. It is time that we take action.A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.1. habitat: the natural home of a planet or animal2. species: a group of plants or animals of the same kind, which are alike in all important ways and can breed together3. bludgeon: hit with a heavy object4. census: a count of a total population5. logistics: the planning and implementation of the details of any operation6. degrade: bring down7. adversely: in the manner of going against, opposing8. refuge: a place that provides protection or shelter from danger9. aquatic: living in or on water10. mussel: a small sea animal living inside a black shell whose soft body can be eaten as food (淡菜)11. staple food: basic food or main food that one normally eats12. picky eater: someone who is very careful about choosing only what they like to eat13. shrink: to become or cause to become smaller in size14. case study: a detailed analytical study of a person or something with a view to making generalizationsB Listen to some abbreviations and acronyms of some organizations and some information about them. Fill in the blanks.Audioscript:1. IUCN -- International Union for the Conservation of Nature, is the organization established by the United Nations to promote the conservation of wildlife and habitats as part of the national policies of member states.2. CITES -- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. is an international agreement under the auspices of the IUCN with the aim of regulating trade in endangered species of animals and plants. The agreement came into force in 1975 and by 1991 had been signed by 110 states. It prohibits any trade in a category of 8,000 highly endangered species and controls trade in a further 30,000 species.3. UNEP -- United Nations Environmental Program, aims to provide leadershi p and encourage partnerships in caring for the environment by inspiring information and enabling nations and people to improve their quality of life without compromising that of future generations.4. WWF -- World Wide Fund for Nature (formerly World Wildlife Fund), is an international organization established in 1961 to raise funds for conservation by public appeal. Projects include conservation of particular species, for example, the tiger and giant panda. With almost five million supporters distributed throughoutfive continents, WWF has a global network active in over 90 countries. Its headquarters are in Gland, Switzerland.Biological diversity provides us with a variety of special "ecosystem services", such as clean water, a breathable atmosphere and natural climate control. However, many kinds of wild animals have been so reduced in number that their role in the ecosystem is negligible. Animals like the great apes, the whales, seals, and marine turtles are under particular pressure.C Listen to the conversation. Match column A, which is alist of the names of some endangered animals, with column B, which gives the information about those endangeredanimals. Then anwser the questions.Questions:1. What do people at the World Wildlife Fund work for according to the woman?They work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife.2. What are they doing in order to protect those endangered animals? They are campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species. Protected-nesting sites for turtles have been set up.3. Can you guess the meaning of "sea sanctuaries"?It refers to the places of safety in the sea where sea animals are protected and allowed to live freely.Audioscript:A: Hello, I'm calling on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.B: The what?A: The World Wildlife Fund. If you've got a few minutes I'd like to tell you what that means.B: Oh, all right.A: We work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife. The seas, for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction;turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or are slaughtered for their meat and oil...B: Oh.A: Crocodiles are killed to make handbags and shoes; walruses are hunted for their ivory.B: I see.A: Seals are bludgeoned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of extinction hangs over several species of whale, dolphin and porpoise.B: Really.A: We are now campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.B: Very interesting.A: Aided by our campaign, protected nesting sites for turtles have already been set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if you'd like to make a donation?Part II Christmas bird countsbe deemed：（被）认为，视为，断定fortunes ：命运critically：危急;严重perilous：危险的，冒险的at risk of ：有……危险imminent extinction：即将灭绝lose a species：丧失一个物种residents：居民maintaining：保持sustain：维持;支撑;忍受quality：质量sustaining the quality of lives ：维持生活质量John James Audubon ：约翰·詹姆斯·奥杜邦，1785年4月26日-1851年1月27日)，美国画家、博物学家，他绘制的鸟类图鉴被称作“美国国宝”illustrate：说明；描绘；画插图in their natural habitats：自然居住地conservationist：自然资源保护者，生态环境保护者feather：羽毛，翎毛manufacture：制造sponsored by ：赞助;发起the National Audubon Society：全国奥杜邦（鸟类保护）协会Bermuda：百慕大群岛（北大西洋西部群岛）Pacific islands：太平洋岛屿volunteer：志愿者bird count：鸟类的清点experienced：有经验的bird watcher：野鸟观察者，鸟类观察家diameter：直径observe：观察actually ：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎longest-running：播放时间最长的census：人口普查，统计;人口财产调查ornithology：鸟类学;鸟学scheduled：排定，进度表logistics：组织工作ideal：理想；目标virtually：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎identify ：识别，认出Panama：巴拿马esthetic value：审美价值indicator：指示器habitat alteration：栖息地变更signal：信号，暗号;预兆，征象degrade：降低，贬低;使降级degradation：退化;堕落;降级adversely：反对;不利地;有害地annual：每年Christmas bird counts：对诞（岛）数鸟decline：下降One in eight of the world's bird species is deemed globally threatened and the fortunes of 198 critically endangered species are now so perilous that they are at risk of imminent extinction. Many people feel that every time we lose a species, the world becomes a poorer place. The more successful we are at maintaining or improving the living conditions of the Earth'smany residents, the better our chances will be of sustaining the quality of all species' lives on Earth.A Listen to a news report. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the notes column according to the following cues. While listening for the second time, supply the missing information.Event: Christmas bird countsTime: from Christmas to Jan. 3rdSponsored by: the National Audubon SocietyParticipants:Numbers:more than 40,000 volunteersBackground: from all 50 states of the U.S., every Canadianprovince, parts of Central and SouthAmerica', Bermuda, the West Indiesand Pacific islandsNumber of bird counts this year: more than 1 600 separate bird countsThe logistics of bird counts: Each individual count is in a 15 mile diameter circle around the exact center point.Origin of the National Audubon Society: It was named after an American artist John James Audubon, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society was founded in the late1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds.B Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the report. Complete the summary of this year's Christmas bird counts.Christmas bird counts will start from Christmas to January 3rd., sponsored by the National Audubon Society. This year more than 40 000 volunteers from the U.S., Canada, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands will be outside counting birds. The counts are not only for experienced bird watchers but anyone that is interested or concerned as well.This year more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people taking part, others with hundreds. Every individual count is in a 15 mile diameter circle around the exact center point. Bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on t he number of birds they actually see.The traditional Christmas bird count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.Audioscript:John James Audubon was an American artist in the early 1800s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late 1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the manufacture of women's hats.Sponsored by the National Audubon Society, more than 40 000 volunteers will be outside counting birds from today until January3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands have begun to count and record every individual bird and bird species observed during the two and one half week period of the count.Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.This year, according to Mr. LeBaron , more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10people taking part, others with hundreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple."Each individual count is in a circle. It's a 15 mile diameter circle, um, around the exact center point. And it's always the exactly same area that's done every year, usually, even on the same weekend during the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this census: every single individual bird within that circle on the count day."Mr. LeBaron says experienced bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on the number of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experienced bird watchers."Anybody that is interested or concerned can become involved. Beginners will go out in a party with experienced individuals who know both the area and the birds in the area, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and someone in the field will always be able to identify the bird."C Now listen to what Mr. Lebaron says about the information concerning birds. Complete the outline.OutlineI. Total number of known species -- about 9 300II. HabitatA. Larger numbers living in the warmer climatese.g. more than 300 different species counted in PanamaB. far fewer species native to colder climatesIII. ValueA. importance to the environment1. indicator of the quality of environment2. sensitive to habitat alterationB. esthetic value1. getting pleasure out of looking at birds andlistening to birds2. mental quality of life degraded without birds IV. Birds' populationA. some species -- decliningB. many types -- increasingAudioscript:Mr. LeBaron says there are about 9 300 different known species of birds. Larger numbers of them live in the warmer climates. For example, more than 300 different species have been counted in Panama, while far fewer species are native to colder climates. Aside from their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are important to the environment because they can signal changes in it."Birds are one of the best indicators that we have of the quality of the environment within the given area. Whether it is a relatively local area, or even primarily on the worldwide bases, they are one of the first things to be altered. They are quite sensitive to a habitat alteration or to other threats. And often times when birds are disappearing out of the area, it just means there is a degradation of the quality of the habitat within that area which will adversely affect everything in there including humans."National Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the world's bird populations a source of wealth that humans must protect. "People get so much pleasure out of looking at birds and listening to birds. And if they start disappearing just the er, the quality of life,um, may be not physically, but the mental quality of life can be degraded quickly."Jeffrey LeBaron says that while the National Audubon Society's annual Christmas bird counts show a decline in some species, many types of birds are actually increasing their populations.Part III Dolphin captivityin captivity：养在笼子（或池子，等）里；囚禁announcer：播音员thesis statements：文意，简述论文，论文主题Colorado Public Radio：科罗拉多州公共广播电台aquatic park：水上公园Denver：丹佛（美国科罗拉多州）ire：愤怒dolphin ：海豚instigate：教唆;煽动;激起a former navy dolphin trainer ：前海军海豚训练员Florida：佛罗里达州ranges：范围family-oriented：面向家庭的；群居的concrete tank：混凝土水箱，混凝土油罐，混凝土贮水池sonar：声呐装置bounce off：试探（某人对某一新设想和意见），大发议论ocean explorer：海洋探险家reject：拒绝;抛弃suicidal：自杀的，自杀性的;自我毁灭的，自取灭亡的;于己不利pool ：池子a very sophisticated brain：发达的大脑sophisticated：复杂的;精致的;富有经验的;深奥微妙的Portland：波特兰(俄勒冈州)Oregon.：俄勒冈州captive dolphins ：被捕的海豚Sarasota Bay：萨拉索塔湾（佛罗里达州）Florida：佛罗里达州the census data ：统计数据distribution：分配，分布debate：讨论;辩论;争论marine mammal：海洋哺乳动物organisms：有机体;生物operate：操作，运行metabolically：代谢的anti-educational：对抗教育，反教育，逆教育natural behavior ：自然行为alter：改变;更改stranded：处于困境的beach：海滩fractured ribs or jaws：头骨、肋骨、下颌骨骨折pros：同意，支持cons：反对We have learned a great deal by observing the animals kept in the zoo. However, wildlife is wild. Do you think we are protecting them or making them suffer by keeping them in captivity?A The following words are used in the news interview. Listen to the words first. Study the definitions carefully.1. ire: anger2. instigate: provoke to some action3. sonar: a method for finding and locating objects under water by means of the sound waves they reflect or produce4. bounce (off): (sound or light) reach the surface and is reflected back5. marine: of, near or living in the sea6. breed: produce offspring7. metabolically: pertaining to what is needed to function8. alter: change9. stranded: left abandonedB Listen to the news interview. There are five persons in it.Match column A with column B to indicate who's who.Then write out the thesis statements they are arguing about.Thesis Statement No. 1:Dolphins should be kept in captivity.Thesis Statement No. 2:There are educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity.C Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of theinterview. Write out each person's pros (agree with thethesis) or cons (disagree with the thesis) for each thesisstatement in note form.Audioscript:[Alan Tu is an announcer for Colorado Public Radio; Peter Jones is a reporter for Colorado Public Radio. The other speakers are identified in the report.]A: A planned aquatic park in Denver is raising the ire of animal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captivedolphin display. Although officials for Colorado's OceanJourneys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instigated a "NoDolphins in Denver" campaign. As Colorado Public Radio'sPeter Jones reports, the battle lines have been clearly drawn. P:Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the "No Dolphins" campaign.R:Average age in the wild ranges anywhere in some of the studies between 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect adolphin to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity the dolphin population is dead.P:According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins can't live full lives in captivity.R:If you take a look at where the real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is veryfamily-oriented. These animals are separated from theirmothers; that's a stress. You put them in a concrete tank where their sonar bounces off the walls, they can't swim in the sameamount of time and direction that they can in the wild.P:Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and they're very suicidal. I've had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what he'd done was to swim as fast as hecould from one end of the pool on ... to the other side anddestroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have a verysophisticated brain. I don't think we have any rights to playwith the lives of these animals.P:Cousteau's anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portland State College inOregon. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the study showed little if any difference in the average age of death.And Duffield says life is generally getting better for captivedolphins.D: The census data say that every time I do a census, I've got older and older animals in it as well as this normal age distribution that we've been looking at. So my feeling is that the trend incaptivity has been that the group of animals that we'refollowing are getting older, and if they continue to do that over the next five years, they will then indeed be older than the wild population.P:There is also a debate over the educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity. According to Duffield, captive dolphins play an important role in our basic understanding of the animals.D: I firmly believe that we cannot learn anything about organisms that we share this world with if we do not understand how they live in an environment, and what they do, and that watchingthem go by in the wild will not do it. I cannot tell what ananimal needs, unless I know how it operates, how it breeds,what it needs metabolically, and I can't learn that from animals in the wild.P:But Troud says the dolphin displays are anti-educational because the animals' natural behavior patterns are altered by captivity.R:In the wild, you don't have dolphins who beat each other to death.There are no dolphins that I've ever seen stranded on the beach, who are suffering from fractured skulls, fractured ribs orfractured jaws, as is the case in captivity.P:The Ocean Journey board will take all factors into consideration before making a final decision on whether to include dolphinsin the park. For Colorado Public Radio, I'm Peter Jones.Part IV More about the topic:Wildlife in dangera profound effect：深远的影响ecosystems：生态系统upsetting：倾复unclear：不清楚adapt enough to：适应得够adapt to：使适应于，能应付survive：活命mountain：山forest：林giant panda：大熊猫roughly：大约bamboo：竹子staple food：主食Michigan State University：密歇根州立大学a dramatic impact：巨大影响the long-term solution：长期的解决方案long-term：长期的;长远heat-resistant：耐热的，抗热的notoriously：恶名昭彰地;声名狼藉地picky eater：好挑食shrink：收缩，皱缩;（使）缩水;退缩，畏缩shrinking fish：水温高鱼变小consequence：结果metabolic：新陈代谢的metabolic rates：代谢率oxygen：氧气stay alive：活着predict：预言，预测kill off：消灭，一个接一个地杀死projection：预测;规划，设计relatively：关系上地;相对地;比较calculate：计算;估计;打算，计划;旨在case study：个案研究;专题;研究实例;范例分析unexpectedly：未料到地，意外地;竟;居然;骤然North Atlantic cod：北大西洋鳕鱼underestimate：低估haddock：小口鳕，黑线鳕Climate change is having a profound effect on ecosystems around the world, upsetting and altering the lives of numerous species of animals. As temperatures continue to rise, it's unclear whether all species will be able to adapt enough to survive, especially as other species in their ecosystems adapt by getting smaller or larger.A In the following report, you will learn some facts about the giant panda, an endangered species in China. Listen carefully and supply the missing information.There are roughly 1 600 pandas living in the wild, mainly in the mountain forests of western China. Bamboo is their staple food. And they eat up to 38 kg a day. But some species of the plant take many years to grow, which means they don't adapt to climate change. Scientists are now predicting that an increasing temperature of even 2°C will kill off the species the pandas need to survive. One of the study's authors is Professor Jack Lu of Michigan State University."Even by the middle of the century, this century, the impact will be very obvious. And by the end of the century, in many areas, 100 percent of this bamboo will be gone. And that's really a dramatic impact that people have not realized". Reducing global warming is the long-term solution and creating new panda habitats is another. It may also be possible to introduce new species of bamboo that are heat-resistant. But unfortunately, pandas are notoriously picky eaters and may reject even a slight change to their diet. Audioscript:There are roughly 1 600 pandas living in the wild, mainly in the mountain forests of western China. Bamboo is their staple food. And they eat up to 38 kg a day. But some species of the plant take many years to grow, which means they don't adapt to climate change. Scientists are now predicting that an increasing temperature of even 2°C will kill off the species the pandas need to survive. One of the study's authors is Professor Jack Lu of Michigan State University. "Even by the middle of the century, this century, the impact will be very obvious. And by the end of the century, in many areas, 100 percent of this bamboo will be gone. And that's really a dramatic impact that people haven not realized". Reducing global warming is the long-term solution and creating new panda habitats is another. Itmay also be possible to introduce new species of bamboo that are heat-resistant. But unfortunately, pandas are notoriously picky eaters and may reject even a slight change to their diet.B The following report is about shrinking fish found in thesea as a consequence of global warming. While listening for the first time, note down as many key words as you can inthe left-hand column. After the second listening, fill in thegaps in the summary in the right-hand column with the help of the notes.Audioscript:Although projections of global temperature rises show relatively small changes at the bottom of the oceans, the resulting impacts on fish body size are "unexpectedly large", according to this research. As ocean temperatures increase, so do the body temperatures and metabolic rates of the fish. This means they use more oxygen to stay alive and, according to the researchers, they have less avalilable for growth.They've calculated that up to 2050, fish will shrink in size by between 14 and 24 percent, with the Indian and Atlantic Oceans worst affected. The warming waters are also likely to drive fish more towards the poles, leading to smaller species living in areas like the North Sea.According to the scientists, their models may underestimate the potential impacts. When they looked at case studies involving North Atlantic cod and haddock, they found that recorded data on these fish showed greater decreases in actual body size than the models predicted.Part V Do you know ...?catalog：目录，目录册，目录簿inhabit v.：居住the planet：这个行星（地球）estimate：估计，预测;报价，exceeding：胜过in the form of parks：在公园的形式下wildlife refuge：野生动物保护区reserve：保护区，保存，储备aquatic animal：水生动物crayfish：淡水螯虾（肉）;龙虾mussel：贻贝，蚌类;淡菜In general, an endangered species is one that's in immediate danger of becoming extinct. Its numbers are usually low, and it needs protection in order to survive.Listen to some facts about endangered species. Pay special attention to the numbers.Audioscript:● Scientists hav e cataloged more than one and one-half million ofthe species that exist on Earth today. By some recent estimates, at least 20 times that many species inhabit the planet.● Up to 100 species become extinct every day. Scientists estimatethat the total number of species lost each year may climb to40,000 by the year 2000, a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.● Around the world more than 3 500 protected areas exist in theform of parks, wildlife refuges and other reserves. These areas cover a total of about 2 million square miles (5 million square km, or 3% of our total land area).● Today, more than 200 animal species in the United States areclassified as endangered. More than 1,000 animal species areendangered worldwide.● Little-noticed aquatic animals are in big trouble. In North America,a third of our fish species, two-thirds of our crayfish speciesand nearly three-quarters of the mussel species are in trouble. Part VI Reminder of key points inthis unitPart VII Watch and enjoyYou're going to watch a video clip taken from Saving Species, a program by National Geographic Society. Watch carefully and decide whether the following statements are True or False. Write "T" or "F" for each statement.endangered species.creatures.plants and animals in immediate danger of extinction.endangered species in the America.of a biological catastohpe.depend utterly on other creatures for our very survival and therefore they're our companions in the biosphere.Videoscript::The first Europeans on this continent had a common enemy to conquer. It was called nature. America seemed to be an endless expanse of hostile wilderness. Bison wandered along the Potomac. Grizzly bears strolled the beaches of California. Human beings did not even know it was possible for a species to go extinct, but we。
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-2Unit 2 Wildlife ConservationPart Ⅰ Getting readygravely：严重species：物种extinct：灭种on the brink：在边缘can't afford to wait any more：不能再等待take action：采取行动abbreviations ：缩写acronyms：首字母缩略词IUCN -- International Union for the Conservation of Nature：世界自然保护联盟convention：会议;全体与会者;国际公约;惯例，习俗，规矩CITES -- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species：华盛顿公约，濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约conservation：保存;保护;避免浪费;对自然环境的保护UNEP -- United Nations Environmental Program：联合国环境规划署WWF -- World Wide Fund for Nature ：世界自然基金会regulate：调节;控制，管理promote the conservation：促进保护under the auspices of：在…的帮助或支持下;有…赞助的prohibit：禁止endangered species：濒危野生动植物种encourage partnerships in doing sth：鼓励伙伴partnership：伙伴关系;合伙人身份;合作关系;合营公司inspiring information：鼓舞人心的信息improve their quality of life：改善生活品质without compromising：不妥协enable sb to do sth：使……能raise funds for ：筹款giant panda：大熊猫a global network：全球网Gland：格兰德Switzerland：瑞士biological diversity：生物多样性ecosystem services：生态系统服务variety：种类a breathable atmosphere：洁净的（能够呼吸的）空气reduce in number ：数量减少role：任务negligible：以忽略的;微不足道的apes：猿whales：鲸seals：海豹marine turtles：海龟walrus：海象dolphins：海豚crocodiles：鳄鱼bludgeon：攻击;威胁，强迫campaign：运动sanctuaries：庇护所sea sanctuary：海洋保护区protected-nesting sites ：受保护的营巢区nesting site：营巢区;筑巢区;巢址pollute：污染ivory：象牙porpoise：动鼠海豚come into force：开始生效habitat：（动物的）栖息地，住处compromise：妥协roll off：辗轧;下降breed：繁殖public appeal：公众诉求;呼吁slaughter：屠宰（动物）;大屠杀make a donation：捐款Wild animals and wild plants and the wild places where they live are gravely threatened almost everywhere. One species has become extinct in each year of this century; and many hundreds are now on the brink. We can't afford to wait any more. It is time that we take action.A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.1. habitat: the natural home of a planet or animal2. species: a group of plants or animals of the same kind, which are alike in all important ways and can breed together3. bludgeon: hit with a heavy object4. census: a count of a total population5. logistics: the planning and implementation of the details of any operation6. degrade: bring down7. adversely: in the manner of going against, opposing8. refuge: a place that provides protection or shelter from danger9. aquatic: living in or on water10. mussel: a small sea animal living inside a black shell whose soft body can be eaten as food (淡菜)11. staple food: basic food or main food that one normally eats12. picky eater: someone who is very careful about choosing only what they like to eat13. shrink: to become or cause to become smaller in size14. case study: a detailed analytical study of a person or something with a view to making generalizationsB Listen to some abbreviations and acronyms of some organizations and some information about them. Fill in the blanks.Audioscript:1. IUCN -- International Union for the Conservation of Nature, is the organization established by the United Nations to promote the conservation of wildlife and habitats as part of the national policies of member states.2. CITES -- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. is an international agreement under the auspices of the IUCN with the aim of regulating trade in endangered species of animals and plants. The agreement came into force in 1975 and by 1991 had been signed by 110 states. It prohibits any trade in a category of 8,000 highly endangered species and controls trade in a further 30,000 species.3. UNEP -- United Nations Environmental Program, aims to provide leadershi p and encourage partnerships in caring for the environment by inspiring information and enabling nations and people to improve their quality of life without compromising that of future generations.4. WWF -- World Wide Fund for Nature (formerly World Wildlife Fund), is an international organization established in 1961 to raise funds for conservation by public appeal. Projects include conservation of particular species, for example, the tiger and giant panda. With almost five million supporters distributed throughoutfive continents, WWF has a global network active in over 90 countries. Its headquarters are in Gland, Switzerland.Biological diversity provides us with a variety of special "ecosystem services", such as clean water, a breathable atmosphere and natural climate control. However, many kinds of wild animals have been so reduced in number that their role in the ecosystem is negligible. Animals like the great apes, the whales, seals, and marine turtles are under particular pressure.C Listen to the conversation. Match column A, which is alist of the names of some endangered animals, with column B, which gives the information about those endangeredanimals. Then anwser the questions.Questions:1. What do people at the World Wildlife Fund work for according to the woman?They work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife.2. What are they doing in order to protect those endangered animals? They are campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species. Protected-nesting sites for turtles have been set up.3. Can you guess the meaning of "sea sanctuaries"?It refers to the places of safety in the sea where sea animals are protected and allowed to live freely.Audioscript:A: Hello, I'm calling on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.B: The what?A: The World Wildlife Fund. If you've got a few minutes I'd like to tell you what that means.B: Oh, all right.A: We work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife. The seas, for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction;turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or are slaughtered for their meat and oil...B: Oh.A: Crocodiles are killed to make handbags and shoes; walruses are hunted for their ivory.B: I see.A: Seals are bludgeoned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of extinction hangs over several species of whale, dolphin and porpoise.B: Really.A: We are now campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.B: Very interesting.A: Aided by our campaign, protected nesting sites for turtles have already been set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if you'd like to make a donation?Part II Christmas bird countsbe deemed：（被）认为，视为，断定fortunes ：命运critically：危急;严重perilous：危险的，冒险的at risk of ：有……危险imminent extinction：即将灭绝lose a species：丧失一个物种residents：居民maintaining：保持sustain：维持;支撑;忍受quality：质量sustaining the quality of lives ：维持生活质量John James Audubon ：约翰·詹姆斯·奥杜邦，1785年4月26日-1851年1月27日)，美国画家、博物学家，他绘制的鸟类图鉴被称作“美国国宝”illustrate：说明；描绘；画插图in their natural habitats：自然居住地conservationist：自然资源保护者，生态环境保护者feather：羽毛，翎毛manufacture：制造sponsored by ：赞助;发起the National Audubon Society：全国奥杜邦（鸟类保护）协会Bermuda：百慕大群岛（北大西洋西部群岛）Pacific islands：太平洋岛屿volunteer：志愿者bird count：鸟类的清点experienced：有经验的bird watcher：野鸟观察者，鸟类观察家diameter：直径observe：观察actually ：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎longest-running：播放时间最长的census：人口普查，统计;人口财产调查ornithology：鸟类学;鸟学scheduled：排定，进度表logistics：组织工作ideal：理想；目标virtually：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎identify ：识别，认出Panama：巴拿马esthetic value：审美价值indicator：指示器habitat alteration：栖息地变更signal：信号，暗号;预兆，征象degrade：降低，贬低;使降级degradation：退化;堕落;降级adversely：反对;不利地;有害地annual：每年Christmas bird counts：对诞（岛）数鸟decline：下降One in eight of the world's bird species is deemed globally threatened and the fortunes of 198 critically endangered species are now so perilous that they are at risk of imminent extinction. Many people feel that every time we lose a species, the world becomes a poorer place. The more successful we are at maintaining or improving the living conditions of the Earth'smany residents, the better our chances will be of sustaining the quality of all species' lives on Earth.A Listen to a news report. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the notes column according to the following cues. While listening for the second time, supply the missing information.Event: Christmas bird countsTime: from Christmas to Jan. 3rdSponsored by: the National Audubon SocietyParticipants:Numbers:more than 40,000 volunteersBackground: from all 50 states of the U.S., every Canadianprovince, parts of Central and SouthAmerica', Bermuda, the West Indiesand Pacific islandsNumber of bird counts this year: more than 1 600 separate bird countsThe logistics of bird counts: Each individual count is in a 15 mile diameter circle around the exact center point.Origin of the National Audubon Society: It was named after an American artist John James Audubon, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society was founded in the late1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds.B Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the report. Complete the summary of this year's Christmas bird counts.Christmas bird counts will start from Christmas to January 3rd., sponsored by the National Audubon Society. This year more than 40 000 volunteers from the U.S., Canada, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands will be outside counting birds. The counts are not only for experienced bird watchers but anyone that is interested or concerned as well.This year more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people taking part, others with hundreds. Every individual count is in a 15 mile diameter circle around the exact center point. Bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on t he number of birds they actually see.The traditional Christmas bird count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.Audioscript:John James Audubon was an American artist in the early 1800s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late 1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the manufacture of women's hats.Sponsored by the National Audubon Society, more than 40 000 volunteers will be outside counting birds from today until January3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands have begun to count and record every individual bird and bird species observed during the two and one half week period of the count.Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.This year, according to Mr. LeBaron , more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10people taking part, others with hundreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple."Each individual count is in a circle. It's a 15 mile diameter circle, um, around the exact center point. And it's always the exactly same area that's done every year, usually, even on the same weekend during the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this census: every single individual bird within that circle on the count day."Mr. LeBaron says experienced bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on the number of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experienced bird watchers."Anybody that is interested or concerned can become involved. Beginners will go out in a party with experienced individuals who know both the area and the birds in the area, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and someone in the field will always be able to identify the bird."C Now listen to what Mr. Lebaron says about the information concerning birds. Complete the outline.OutlineI. Total number of known species -- about 9 300II. HabitatA. Larger numbers living in the warmer climatese.g. more than 300 different species counted in PanamaB. far fewer species native to colder climatesIII. ValueA. importance to the environment1. indicator of the quality of environment2. sensitive to habitat alterationB. esthetic value1. getting pleasure out of looking at birds andlistening to birds2. mental quality of life degraded without birds IV. Birds' populationA. some species -- decliningB. many types -- increasingAudioscript:Mr. LeBaron says there are about 9 300 different known species of birds. Larger numbers of them live in the warmer climates. For example, more than 300 different species have been counted in Panama, while far fewer species are native to colder climates. Aside from their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are important to the environment because they can signal changes in it."Birds are one of the best indicators that we have of the quality of the environment within the given area. Whether it is a relatively local area, or even primarily on the worldwide bases, they are one of the first things to be altered. They are quite sensitive to a habitat alteration or to other threats. And often times when birds are disappearing out of the area, it just means there is a degradation of the quality of the habitat within that area which will adversely affect everything in there including humans."National Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the world's bird populations a source of wealth that humans must protect. "People get so much pleasure out of looking at birds and listening to birds. And if they start disappearing just the er, the quality of life,um, may be not physically, but the mental quality of life can be degraded quickly."Jeffrey LeBaron says that while the National Audubon Society's annual Christmas bird counts show a decline in some species, many types of birds are actually increasing their populations.Part III Dolphin captivityin captivity：养在笼子（或池子，等）里；囚禁announcer：播音员thesis statements：文意，简述论文，论文主题Colorado Public Radio：科罗拉多州公共广播电台aquatic park：水上公园Denver：丹佛（美国科罗拉多州）ire：愤怒dolphin ：海豚instigate：教唆;煽动;激起a former navy dolphin trainer ：前海军海豚训练员Florida：佛罗里达州ranges：范围family-oriented：面向家庭的；群居的concrete tank：混凝土水箱，混凝土油罐，混凝土贮水池sonar：声呐装置bounce off：试探（某人对某一新设想和意见），大发议论ocean explorer：海洋探险家reject：拒绝;抛弃suicidal：自杀的，自杀性的;自我毁灭的，自取灭亡的;于己不利pool ：池子a very sophisticated brain：发达的大脑sophisticated：复杂的;精致的;富有经验的;深奥微妙的Portland：波特兰(俄勒冈州)Oregon.：俄勒冈州captive dolphins ：被捕的海豚Sarasota Bay：萨拉索塔湾（佛罗里达州）Florida：佛罗里达州the census data ：统计数据distribution：分配，分布debate：讨论;辩论;争论marine mammal：海洋哺乳动物organisms：有机体;生物operate：操作，运行metabolically：代谢的anti-educational：对抗教育，反教育，逆教育natural behavior ：自然行为alter：改变;更改stranded：处于困境的beach：海滩fractured ribs or jaws：头骨、肋骨、下颌骨骨折pros：同意，支持cons：反对We have learned a great deal by observing the animals kept in the zoo. However, wildlife is wild. Do you think we are protecting them or making them suffer by keeping them in captivity?A The following words are used in the news interview. Listen to the words first. Study the definitions carefully.1. ire: anger2. instigate: provoke to some action3. sonar: a method for finding and locating objects under water by means of the sound waves they reflect or produce4. bounce (off): (sound or light) reach the surface and is reflected back5. marine: of, near or living in the sea6. breed: produce offspring7. metabolically: pertaining to what is needed to function8. alter: change9. stranded: left abandonedB Listen to the news interview. There are five persons in it.Match column A with column B to indicate who's who.Then write out the thesis statements they are arguing about.Thesis Statement No. 1:Dolphins should be kept in captivity.Thesis Statement No. 2:There are educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity.C Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of theinterview. Write out each person's pros (agree with thethesis) or cons (disagree with the thesis) for each thesisstatement in note form.Audioscript:[Alan Tu is an announcer for Colorado Public Radio; Peter Jones is a reporter for Colorado Public Radio. The other speakers are identified in the report.]A: A planned aquatic park in Denver is raising the ire of animal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captivedolphin display. Although officials for Colorado's OceanJourneys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instigated a "NoDolphins in Denver" campaign. As Colorado Public Radio'sPeter Jones reports, the battle lines have been clearly drawn. P:Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the "No Dolphins" campaign.R:Average age in the wild ranges anywhere in some of the studies between 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect adolphin to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity the dolphin population is dead.P:According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins can't live full lives in captivity.R:If you take a look at where the real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is veryfamily-oriented. These animals are separated from theirmothers; that's a stress. You put them in a concrete tank where their sonar bounces off the walls, they can't swim in the sameamount of time and direction that they can in the wild.P:Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and they're very suicidal. I've had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what he'd done was to swim as fast as hecould from one end of the pool on ... to the other side anddestroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have a verysophisticated brain. I don't think we have any rights to playwith the lives of these animals.P:Cousteau's anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portland State College inOregon. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the study showed little if any difference in the average age of death.And Duffield says life is generally getting better for captivedolphins.D: The census data say that every time I do a census, I've got older and older animals in it as well as this normal age distribution that we've been looking at. So my feeling is that the trend incaptivity has been that the group of animals that we'refollowing are getting older, and if they continue to do that over the next five years, they will then indeed be older than the wild population.P:There is also a debate over the educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity. According to Duffield, captive dolphins play an important role in our basic understanding of the animals.D: I firmly believe that we cannot learn anything about organisms that we share this world with if we do not understand how they live in an environment, and what they do, and that watchingthem go by in the wild will not do it. I cannot tell what ananimal needs, unless I know how it operates, how it breeds,what it needs metabolically, and I can't learn that from animals in the wild.P:But Troud says the dolphin displays are anti-educational because the animals' natural behavior patterns are altered by captivity.R:In the wild, you don't have dolphins who beat each other to death.There are no dolphins that I've ever seen stranded on the beach, who are suffering from fractured skulls, fractured ribs orfractured jaws, as is the case in captivity.P:The Ocean Journey board will take all factors into consideration before making a final decision on whether to include dolphinsin the park. For Colorado Public Radio, I'm Peter Jones.Part IV More about the topic:Wildlife in dangera profound effect：深远的影响ecosystems：生态系统upsetting：倾复unclear：不清楚adapt enough to：适应得够adapt to：使适应于，能应付survive：活命mountain：山forest：林giant panda：大熊猫roughly：大约bamboo：竹子staple food：主食Michigan State University：密歇根州立大学a dramatic impact：巨大影响the long-term solution：长期的解决方案long-term：长期的;长远heat-resistant：耐热的，抗热的notoriously：恶名昭彰地;声名狼藉地picky eater：好挑食shrink：收缩，皱缩;（使）缩水;退缩，畏缩shrinking fish：水温高鱼变小consequence：结果metabolic：新陈代谢的metabolic rates：代谢率oxygen：氧气stay alive：活着predict：预言，预测kill off：消灭，一个接一个地杀死projection：预测;规划，设计relatively：关系上地;相对地;比较calculate：计算;估计;打算，计划;旨在case study：个案研究;专题;研究实例;范例分析unexpectedly：未料到地，意外地;竟;居然;骤然North Atlantic cod：北大西洋鳕鱼underestimate：低估haddock：小口鳕，黑线鳕Climate change is having a profound effect on ecosystems around the world, upsetting and altering the lives of numerous species of animals. As temperatures continue to rise, it's unclear whether all species will be able to adapt enough to survive, especially as other species in their ecosystems adapt by getting smaller or larger.A In the following report, you will learn some facts about the giant panda, an endangered species in China. Listen carefully and supply the missing information.There are roughly 1 600 pandas living in the wild, mainly in the mountain forests of western China. Bamboo is their staple food. And they eat up to 38 kg a day. But some species of the plant take many years to grow, which means they don't adapt to climate change. Scientists are now predicting that an increasing temperature of even 2°C will kill off the species the pandas need to survive. One of the study's authors is Professor Jack Lu of Michigan State University."Even by the middle of the century, this century, the impact will be very obvious. And by the end of the century, in many areas, 100 percent of this bamboo will be gone. And that's really a dramatic impact that people have not realized". Reducing global warming is the long-term solution and creating new panda habitats is another. It may also be possible to introduce new species of bamboo that are heat-resistant. But unfortunately, pandas are notoriously picky eaters and may reject even a slight change to their diet. Audioscript:There are roughly 1 600 pandas living in the wild, mainly in the mountain forests of western China. Bamboo is their staple food. And they eat up to 38 kg a day. But some species of the plant take many years to grow, which means they don't adapt to climate change. Scientists are now predicting that an increasing temperature of even 2°C will kill off the species the pandas need to survive. One of the study's authors is Professor Jack Lu of Michigan State University. "Even by the middle of the century, this century, the impact will be very obvious. And by the end of the century, in many areas, 100 percent of this bamboo will be gone. And that's really a dramatic impact that people haven not realized". Reducing global warming is the long-term solution and creating new panda habitats is another. Itmay also be possible to introduce new species of bamboo that are heat-resistant. But unfortunately, pandas are notoriously picky eaters and may reject even a slight change to their diet.B The following report is about shrinking fish found in thesea as a consequence of global warming. While listening for the first time, note down as many key words as you can inthe left-hand column. After the second listening, fill in thegaps in the summary in the right-hand column with the help of the notes.Audioscript:Although projections of global temperature rises show relatively small changes at the bottom of the oceans, the resulting impacts on fish body size are "unexpectedly large", according to this research. As ocean temperatures increase, so do the body temperatures and metabolic rates of the fish. This means they use more oxygen to stay alive and, according to the researchers, they have less avalilable for growth.They've calculated that up to 2050, fish will shrink in size by between 14 and 24 percent, with the Indian and Atlantic Oceans worst affected. The warming waters are also likely to drive fish more towards the poles, leading to smaller species living in areas like the North Sea.According to the scientists, their models may underestimate the potential impacts. When they looked at case studies involving North Atlantic cod and haddock, they found that recorded data on these fish showed greater decreases in actual body size than the models predicted.Part V Do you know ...?catalog：目录，目录册，目录簿inhabit v.：居住the planet：这个行星（地球）estimate：估计，预测;报价，exceeding：胜过in the form of parks：在公园的形式下wildlife refuge：野生动物保护区reserve：保护区，保存，储备aquatic animal：水生动物crayfish：淡水螯虾（肉）;龙虾mussel：贻贝，蚌类;淡菜In general, an endangered species is one that's in immediate danger of becoming extinct. Its numbers are usually low, and it needs protection in order to survive.Listen to some facts about endangered species. Pay special attention to the numbers.Audioscript:● Scientists hav e cataloged more than one and one-half million ofthe species that exist on Earth today. By some recent estimates, at least 20 times that many species inhabit the planet.● Up to 100 species become extinct every day. Scientists estimatethat the total number of species lost each year may climb to40,000 by the year 2000, a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.● Around the world more than 3 500 protected areas exist in theform of parks, wildlife refuges and other reserves. These areas cover a total of about 2 million square miles (5 million square km, or 3% of our total land area).● Today, more than 200 animal species in the United States areclassified as endangered. More than 1,000 animal species areendangered worldwide.● Little-noticed aquatic animals are in big trouble. In North America,a third of our fish species, two-thirds of our crayfish speciesand nearly three-quarters of the mussel species are in trouble. Part VI Reminder of key points inthis unitPart VII Watch and enjoyYou're going to watch a video clip taken from Saving Species, a program by National Geographic Society. Watch carefully and decide whether the following statements are True or False. Write "T" or "F" for each statement.endangered species.creatures.plants and animals in immediate danger of extinction.endangered species in the America.of a biological catastohpe.depend utterly on other creatures for our very survival and therefore they're our companions in the biosphere.Videoscript::The first Europeans on this continent had a common enemy to conquer. It was called nature. America seemed to be an endless expanse of hostile wilderness. Bison wandered along the Potomac. Grizzly bears strolled the beaches of California. Human beings did not even know it was possible for a species to go extinct, but we。
全新版大学英语3听力教程原文及答案_第三册-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1全新版大学英语3综合教程听力原文及答案第三册Unit 1Part BText 1Dating with My Mother (Part One)After 22 years of marriage, I have discovered the secret to keep love alive in my relationship with my wife, Peggy. I started dating with another woman.It was Peggy's idea. One day she said to me, 'Life is too short, you need to spend time with the people you love. You probably won't believe me, but I know you love her and I think that if the two of you spend more time together, it will make us closer.'The 'other' woman my wife was encouraging me to date is my mother, a 72-year-old widow who has lived alone since my father died 20 years ago. Right after his death, I moved 2,500 miles away to California and started my own life and career. When I moved back near my hometown six years ago, I promised myself that I would spend more time with mom. But with the demands of my job and three kids, I never got around to seeing her much beyond family get-togethers and holidays.Mom was surprised and suspicious when I called and suggested the two of us go out to dinner and a movie.'What's wrong' she asked.'I thought it would be nice to spend some time with you,' I said. 'Just the two of us.''I would like that a lot,' she said.When I pulled into her driveway, she was waiting by the door with her coat on. Her hair was curled, and she was smiling. 'I told my lady friends I was going out with my son, and they were all impressed. They can't wait to hear about our evening,' Mother said.Questions:1. What would make the speaker closer to his wife, Peggy?2. What do you know about the speaker's mother?3. Which of the following adjectives best describes Peggy?Text 2Dating with My Mother (Part Two)We didn't go anywhere fancy, just a neighborhood place where we could talk. Since her eyes now see only large shapes and shadows, I had to read the menu for both of us.'I used to be the reader when you were little,' she said.'Then it is time for you to relax and let me return the favor,' I said.We had a nice talk over dinner, just catching up on each other's lives. We talked for so long that we missed the movie.'I'll go out with you again,' my mother said as I dropped her off, 'but only if you let me buy dinner next time.'I agreed.'How was your date' my wife asked when I got home that evening.'Nice...nicer than I thought it would be,' I said.Mom and I get out for dinner a couple of times a month. Sometimes we take in a movie, but mostly we talk. I tell her about my trails at work and brag about the kids and Peggy. Mom fills me in on family gossip and tells me about her past. Now I know what it was like for her to work in a factory during the Second World War. I know how she met my father there, and know how they went through the difficult times. I can't get enough of these stories. They are important to me, a part of my history. We also talk about the future. Because of health problems, my mother worries about the days ahead.Spending time with my mom has taught me the importance of slowing down. Peggy was right. Dating another woman has helped my marriage.Questions:1. What does the story mainly tell us?2. Which of the following is true?3. What can you learn from the story?Part CConversation 1:W: You know, many American parents are now wondering why they can't keep their teenage children from drinking.M: I'm aware of that. To my mind, it's the permissive attitude of the parents that is to blame.Q: What can you learn from the man's response?Conversation 2:M: Don't you think it's good to give our children a monthly allowance?W: I think so. It can teach them the value of money. With a monthly allowance they can learn to budget their expenses wisely.Q: What are they talking about?Conversation 3:M: Mom, I've got a part-time job at a supermarket. Three hours a day weekdays and all day Saturday.W: Congratulations, Tom. But are you sure you can handle it What about your homework and your piano lessonsQ: How does the mother feel about Tom's part-time job at the supermarket? Conversation 4:M: Hey, Mary. You look so upset. What happened?W: My father had an accident the other day. He is now in hospital and will have an operation tomorrow. You see, his heart is rather weak. I really don't know whether he can survive it.Q: What's the woman worried about?Conversation 5:W : Mother's Day is coming soon. Could you tell me what sons and daughters do in your country on that day?M: Well, they send their mothers flowers and cards to celebrate the occasion. Besides, it is a common practice for them to wear pink carnations on that day.Q: Which of the following is true of the customs of Mother's Day in the man's country?Unit 2Part BText1What a Coincidence! (Part One)Andrew had always wanted to be a doctor. But the tuition for a medical school in 1984 was 15,000 dollars a year, which was more than his family could afford. To help him realize his dream, his father, Mr. Stewart, a real estate agent, began searching the house-for-sale ads in newspapers in order to find extra business. One advertisement that he noted down was for the sale of a house in a nearby town. Mr. Stewart called the owner, trying to persuade him to let him be his agent. Somehow he succeeded and the owner promised that he would come to him if he failed to get a good deal with his present agent. Then they made an appointment to meet and discuss the thing.As good things are never easy to acquire, the time for the appointment had to be changed almost ten times. On the day when they were supposed to meet at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, Mr. Stewart received another call from the owner. His heart sank as he feared there would be another change of time. And so it was. The owner told him that he couldn't make it at three but if he would come right then, they could talk it over. Mr. Stewart was overjoyed. Leaving everything aside, he immediately set out to drive to the house.As he approached the area, he had a strange feeling of having been there before. The streets, the trees, the neighborhood, all looked familiar to him. And when he finally reached the house, something clicked in his mind. It used to be the house ofhis father-in-law! The old man had died fifteen years ago but when he was alive, he had often visited him with his wife and children. He remembered that, like his son Andrew, his father-in-law had also wanted to study medicine and, failing to do so, had always hoped that one of his two daughters or his grandchildren could someday become a doctor.Questions:1. Who are the two main characters in the story you have just heard?2. How did Mr. Stewart get to know the owner of the house?3. What problem did Mr. Stewart have?4. What is the coincidence in the story you have just heard?Text2What a Coincidence! (Part Two)When he entered the house, Mr. Stewart was even more amazed to find that the house was decorated exactly as he had remembered it. He told the owner about this and the latter became intrigued too. However, they were in for even greater surprises. It so happened that in the middle of their discussion, a postman came to deliver a letter. And the letter was addressed to Mr. Stewart's father-in-law! Were it not for Mr. Stewart's presence there and then, the letter would be returned as no person of that name lived in the house any longer. As the postman demanded a signature on the receipt slip, Mr. Stewart signed for his long-deceased father-in-law. Mystified, the owner urged Mr. Stewart to open the letter and see what it contained. The letter was from a bank. When he opened it, two words immediately met his eye -- 'For education'. It was a bank statement of an amount his father-in-law had put in years ago for his grandchildren's education needs. With the interest it had earned over the years, the standing value of the amount came to a little over $15,000, just enough money to cover the tuition of Andrew's first year at a medical college!Another thing that is worth mentioning is about the postman. The original postman, who had worked in this neighborhood, called in sick that day. So the postman, who was new to the area, came to deliver mail in his place. Had it been the old postman, the letter would undoubtedly be returned to the sender as he knew full well that no person bearing that name lived in that house any longer.The miracle was a blessing for Andrew. With the money given to him by his grandfather he was able to study medicine. Now he is a doctor in Illinois. Statements:1. Several coincidences happened in the story.2. The coincidences made it possible for the owner to sell his house at a good price.3. No one actually benefited from the coincidences.4. It can be inferred that Mr. Stewart did not have to seek extra work from then on.5. With the extra money Mr. Stewart had earned, Andrew's dream finally came true. Part CDad Stops for Gas, Finds Lost SonNueng Garcia was the son of an American serviceman stationed in Thailand in 1969. But his father went back to the States when Nueng was only three months old. When he grew up Nueng immigrated to the United States and worked as a gas station clerk in Pueblo, Colorado. His dream was to find his father John Garcia. Year after year, he tried in vain to search for information about the whereabouts of his father.It was a fine day in Pueblo. There was not a cloud in the blue sky. But for him, it was just another day on the job. Suddenly he noticed the name of one customer who paid with a check. The man, who was in his fifties, had the same surname as his own. Nueng raised his head from the check and looked at the man. Could this be his father "Are you John Garcia" he asked."Yes," came the answer."Were you ever in the Air Force""Yes.""Were you ever in Thailand""What's that to do with you" answered the man, who became suspicious by then. "Were you or were you not" Nueng persisted."Yes.""Did you ever have a son"At this truth dawned on the man. They stared at each other and realized at the same moment that they were father and son who were separated 27 years ago and half a world away.John Garcia hadn't seen his son since 1969. He lost touch with Nueng's mother when she started seeing another man. He moved to Pueblo nine years ago. He said he never went to that gas station, wasn't even low on gas that day and hardly ever paid with a check.Statements:1. Nueng's parents divorced when he was only 3 months old.2. After moving to the U.S.A., Nueng worked at a gas station in Colorado.3. Nueng never gave up his efforts to find his father, but John Garcia had never looked for his son.4. One day while at work Nueng's eyes fell on the photo of a customer's driver's license, and the man in the photo looked like his father.5. John Garcia was once in the U.S. Air Force stationed in Thailand.6. John Garcia and his son didn't meet each other again until 1996.7. Nueng's father said he often went to that gas station but never paid with a check.8. It was by coincidence that John Garcia and his son were reunited after many years of separation.Unit 3Part BText 1A Marriage Agreement (Part One)(Tom and Linda have signed a marriage agreement. Both agree not to break the rules outlined in the agreement. John, a reporter, is talking to them about the agreement.) John: Tom, Linda, first I'd like to ask you why you decided to write this unusual agreement.Tom: We found that many problems are caused when a person has different expectations from his or her spouse. We wanted to talk about everything openly and honestly before we started living together.Linda: Also we both know how important it is to respect each other's pet peeves. Like, I can get very annoyed if others leave stuff -- clothing, papers, everything! -- lying around on the floor. It really bugged me, so we put that in the agreement. John: This is mentioned in Article 1: Cleaning Up, isn't it It says, "Nothing will be left on the floor overnight. Everything must be cleaned up and put away before going to bed."Tom: Then I'll know clearly what Linda's expectations are.John: I see. What about Article 2: Sleeping It says, "We will go to bed at 11 p.m. and get up at 6:30 a.m. except on weekends." I'm sure some people hearing this will think that this agreement isn't very romantic.Tom: Well, we disagree. We think it's very romantic. This agreement shows that we sat down and talked, and really tried to understand the other person. A lot of problems occur in a marriage when people don't talk about what they want. Linda: That's right. When we disagreed about something, we worked out a solution that was good for both of us. I would much rather have Tom really listen to me and understand my needs than give me a bunch of flowers or a box of candy. Questions:1. Which statement best summarizes the marriage agreement between Tom and Linda?2. According to Tom, what will give rise to problems in a marriage?3. What can be inferred about Linda from the conversation?Text 2A Marriage Agreement (Part Two)John: Linda, do you spend a lot of time checking to see if the other person is following the rules ArguingLinda: No, not at all.Tom: A lot of couples argue because they don't understand each other's expectations. I think we spend less time arguing than most couples because we both know what the other person expects.John: What happens if one of you breaks a rule?Tom: Well, that's in Article 13 of our agreement.John: Is it Oh yes, Article 13: Breaking Rules. "If you break a rule, you must apologize and do something nice for the other person to make it up."Linda: Yeah, like last time Tom broke the rule of driving.John: What's the rule?Linda: The rule is we must ask for directions if we are driving and get lost for more than five minutes.John: What happenedTom: We were driving to a friend's wedding, and we got lost. Linda wanted to stop at a gas station to ask for directions, but I thought I could figure it out.Linda: Then we drove forty miles in the wrong direction and ended up being late for the wedding.Tom: So I took her out to dinner. I knew what I should do to apologize.John: That's very important, I think, knowing how to apologize. By the way, do you plan to update your agreement at all What if things change in your life and a rule doesn't work anymoreLinda: We've thought about that too. Article 14 states that we must review this agreement once a year and make necessary changes.John: Well, it was really nice talking to you both. Thank you very much for your time. Tom & Linda: Thank you.Statements:1. Tom and Linda never argue because they both know what the other person expects.2. Once Tom broke Article 14 and apologized to Linda by taking her out to dinner.3. If some of the rules in the marriage agreement become outdated, changes will be made to update them.4. It seems that both Tom and Linda are satisfied with their marriage agreement. Part CA Perfect MatchAre you looking for a good relationship with someone special What type of person is the best person for you Is it the person with the highest IQ Is it the most beautiful or most handsome person How about the richest person or the most ambitious Is your ideal partner the most traditional or the most modern person Is he or she the person most like you, or most unlike youThe answer, psychologists say, is none of the above. Why Because they are all extremes. In a number of research studies, psychologists asked couples these questions. The answers were clear. Most people are happy with moderation -- with partners who are not the most or the best (or the least or the worst). People are more comfortable with partners who are not so special.The research showed several other important things. In a love relationship, two things can cause trouble. First, trouble happens when both people get angry quickly.This is not surprising. Second, trouble happens when people don't expect to change themselves in a relationship. Do you stay calm when you disagree with someone Are you ready to change yourself If you can tolerate disagreement and are willing to change, maybe you are ready for a serious relationship.Statements:1. The passage implies that the perfect match for you is a person who is most unlike you.2. The author argues that the most beautiful or most handsome person may not be your perfect partner.3. Moderate person, that is, the partners who are not the most or the best can be your perfect match.4. The research showed that an extreme love relationship between the two can cause trouble.5. The passage states that the anger is one of the causes that lead to the breakup ofa love relationship.6. The perfect match lies in the people's attitudes to tolerate disagreement and be willing to change in a relationship.Unit 4Part BText 1Being a Police Officer Is a Stressful JobInterviewer: Welcome to our program, Sam.Sam: Thank you.Interviewer: Sam, how long have you been a police officer?Sam: I've been a police officer for thirty years.Interviewer: Thirty years. And you've had different types of assignments on the police force, I guess.Sam: Yeah, I've done everything from patrol to undercover work to detective work, and now I'm supervising investigations.Interviewer: Sam, I think most people would say that being a police officer is a very stressful job. Would you agree?Sam: Yes, it's definitely a stressful job. But it depends on your assignment. Interviewer: So, what's probably the most stressful assignment you can have? Sam: I'd say patrol is the most stressful assignment.Interviewer: That's interesting! In what way?Sam: Well, I guess the biggest part of the stress is the fear factor -- the fear of the unknown.Interviewer: What do you mean, Sam?Sam: Well, in patrol work, you don't know from moment to moment who you are talking to or what their reaction is going to be to justify your presence. Let's say, for example, a patrol officer stops someone for a traffic violation. It seems as though that would be a very low-stress situation.Interviewer: Yes, it is a very low-stress situation.Sam: But the truth is, there are more police officers injured during a routine stop. Interviewer: Really?Sam: Really! That's why all police officers are taught from the very beginning to be aware of their surroundings. People back over policemen, people shoot policemen, people jump out at policemen -- different kinds of things. So that's probably the most stressful time.Interviewer: I see. Let's take a break and then we'll move on to our next topic. Sam: All right.Questions:1. What's the relationship between the two speakers?2. What does Sam mainly talk about?3. What do you know about Sam?Text 2Stress ReducersInterviewer: Sam, you've talked about the police officers' stressful time. Now let's move on to the next topic. So far as I know, there's a connection between stress and illness. Do you think that there's a higher percentage of illness among police officers than in the general population I mean, do they get more colds or anything Is this really trueSam: Yes, it is, and the stress level not only manifests itself in daily health -- whether or not you've feeling well on any given day. It also manifests itself in things like ulcers, heart disease -- police officers tend to have a higher rate of heart disease and ulcers than people in other professions.Interviewer: Really That's documentedSam: Yes, it's documented. And also the divorce rate among police officers is much higher.Interviewer: Is there something that the police department does to help you deal with this stress?Sam: Yes, there are several programs that most police departments have in place. One is an exercise program where some part of your day is spent on some type of physical exercise. They've found that's a great stress reducer. Besides, there's also a psychological program with counseling for officers to help them reduce their stress. And there are several discussion groups as well. They've found that sometimes just sitting around and talking about the stress with other officers helps to reduce it. So, those things are available.Interviewer: And what do you do, personally, to help you deal with the stress of your job, Sam?Sam: Well, during the baseball season, I'm the biggest baseball fanatic, and I will either be reading about baseball, or listening to baseball, or watching baseball. Another thing I try to do is to get some sort of exercise every day. And then I work hard at keeping up my personal relationships, especially my relationship with mywife. Fortunately I get along very well with my wife. When I come back home, I can talk about my day with her, and then just forget about it.Statements:1. The dialogue is mainly about how police officers can deal with stress.2. According to Sam, most police officers enjoy good health.3. According to Sam, the divorce rate among police officers is higher than among people in other jobs.4. Counseling is the most effective program to help police officers relieve stress.5. Sam knows how to reduce his stress.Part CShort Conversations1. M: You look so nervous, Rose. Are you all right?W: Frankly speaking, I'm on pins and needles. I have to give a presentation to a group of important visitors this afternoon.Q: Why does Rose feel nervous?2. M: You look so upset, Sue. What's worrying you?W: My son Jack made me extremely unhappy. He seems to be playing video games all the time. Whenever I talk to him he turns a deaf ear to me.Q: What's the woman's problem?3. W: David, you don't look happy. Anything wrong?M: Well, you know, my mother died three years ago. And since then my father has lived in an apartment on his own and has very few friends.Q: What is David worrying about?4. W: Michael, I don't know what has happened to Mother. Her memory seems to be going. I have to remind her of almost everything.M: Don't worry, Mary. She's just getting old.Q: What do you know about Mary?5. W: I'm worried about sending my son Peter to college. You see, nowadays many college students behave rather strangely. They don't seem to be interested in their studies.M: Just a few. Most students still concentrate on their studies.Q: What can you infer from the man's response?Unit 5Part BText 1AshleyAshley was reading a magazine when she came across an article about antibiotics and other drugs discovered in European rivers and tap water. If such drugs were present there, she reasoned, they might also be found near her home in West Virginia.Ashley feared that antibiotics in the waters could lead to resistant bacteria, or supergerms, which can kill untold numbers of people.The girl, then 16, began testing her area's river -- the Ohio. With a simple device she herself had designed, she collected 350 water samples from the Ohio and its tributaries over ten weeks. Reading scientific journals, she taught herself to analyze the samples. It was the most scientifically sound project for someone her age.Her experiment, one of the first of its kind in the United States, showed that low levels of three antibiotics are indeed present in local waters. Ashley's study won the International Stockholm Junior Water Prize, a virtual Nobel Prize for teenagers. She received a $5,000 scholarship and an audience with Sweden's Crown Princess Victoria.Her interest in science was sparked by walks in the woods with her mother. But it was the day-to-day stuff -- how water comes to the tap, how rain sticks to glass, that most fascinated her. "Science is not a dead thing," she says. "It's happening all around us."By the sixth grade, she was winning at science fairs. She has won $70,000 in prize money, which she has put aside for college. She plans to attend Harvard University. "I want to make my own discoveries, and not just read about what others have done," she said. Her teachers predict that she will one day win a Nobel Prize. Statements:1. Ashley lives in the state of Virginia.2. Antibiotics in streams and rivers can lead to the emergence of supergerms.3. Bacteria found in European local waters and tap water have killed countless people.4. Using simple equipment designed by herself, Ashley collected 350 water samples in ten weeks.5. Ashley's experiment proved that antibiotics did exist in the Ohio River.6. Ashley developed a strong interest in science when she was in her sixth grade.7. Ashley wants to make discoveries by herself and knows how to make use of what she has read.8. The International Stockholm Junior Water Prize is a Nobel Prize for teenagers.9. Ashley got a $5,000 scholarship from Harvard University.10. Ashley can be regarded as a role model for young people.Text 2Young People Say No to SmokingOn February 16, 2001, the teens from a youth group called REBEL launched their advertising campaign at the Liberty Science Center in New Jersey. By now just about everybody has heard the "Not for Sale" commercial on television and the radio against tobacco companies. What many people don't know is that teenagers from West New York and across New Jersey worked on various aspects of the campaign, and even appeared in some of the advertisements. The campaign organizer thought it would be better than using actors if actual REBEL members were in the commercials.REBEL, which stands for Reaching Everybody by Exposing Lies, is a statewide youth initiative against tobacco companies. The movement, which began in November last year, carries the message that teens no longer want to be targeted by tobacco companies in their advertisements. Knowing that peer pressure on teens to smoke or do drugs is one of the biggest problems that teens face, the group is working hard to ensure that their message reaches all teenagers at New Jersey schools.When the group was first formed, there were only five members, all eighth grade students. But by this summer the group had grown to close to 90 members. At a recent recruiting party, a pizza and pool party, at the West New York swimming pool, more than 50 new members were attracted to the group."We don't think that too many people would be interested," said Jackie, one of its founding members. "But everyone knows our message. They know who we are now."Questions:1. When did REBEL launch their advertising campaign?2. How many members did REBEL have by the summer of 2001?3. Who are the members of REBEL?4. What did REBEL do for their campaign against tobacco companies?5. What did REBEL do recently?Part CSkatescootersIn Hong Kong these days, you will often see people riding skatescooters in the streets. Depending on which way you look at them, they can be great for performing tricks or are just the latest fashionable commodity. Fung is one of the more experienced skatescooter riders, as he has been practising his technique for about a year. His curly hair and baggy jeans show his devotion to street fashion and being comfortable. He has a deep passion for and understanding of this sport."I started riding skatescooter a year ago, but at that time there was no one to share the experience with or learn new tricks from," he explained. "Now that it has caught on and more people take part in it, it is more enjoyable."Most of the best brands of skatescooters are made in Switzerland and began to be imported to Hong Kong in 1999. No one took much notice of them, however, until they became popular in Japan. When people saw skatescooters in Japanese。
Have you wished you were better at making a conversation? A great conversationalist is someone who connects with people and makes them feel important. When they talk to you, they make you feel like you're the only person in the room.Becoming a good conversationalist requires knowing three things: first, how to start a conversation; second, how to keep it going; and third, how to end it.Starting a conversation usually means coming up with an opening line or ice breaker. The best kind of ice breaker is one that's positive. A compliment is always a good ice breaker and will usually be appreciated. Any news event is a good ice breaker. The fact is, any opening line will do, as long as it's not negative, and as long as it's not a lie. The best way to entice a person to have a conversation with you is by being sincere and respectful, and letting them know that you are interested in talking to them.Once you've got a conversation going, the best way to keep it going is by asking the other person questions that don't require just a yes or no answer. Ask questions similar to those a reporter might ask to draw a person out; who, what, when, where, why and how questions. You keep asking questions based on the last thing a person says. This is called the "elaboration technique". Once you hit on something you find interesting, keep asking questions in order to get the person to elaborate about the topic as much as possible. A good conversationalist elaborates on the experiences they've had. Instead of saying the party was fun, tell why it was fun. Describe why you had a good time—who was there, what happened, where it was, and how people arranged the party. Go into detail. Description is the best form of communication because it keeps people's interest up and stimulates them.If you started a conversation with another person, and you're having difficulty ending it, there are several signals you can send to the other person that will bring the conversation to its close without hurting anyone's feelings.Breaking eye contact is a discreet signal that the conversation is about to end. Another way to signal is to use transition words like well, or at any rate. You may want to recap all that was said. Whatever you do, don't lie to the other person. If you're not interested in talking to them again, don't mention the possibility of a future meeting just to be polite. That's hypocritical. Instead, you may want to say, "Nice meeting you." And then, leave.Finally, be sure to give the other person a good, firm handshake. The final impression you make can be just as important as the initial one you made.First StoryMy husband and I met in high school. During our senior year, we studies biology together. We talked and laughed a lot during class. One Friday, we Joked that we should go on a date that night. At first, I didn't know if he was serious. He didn't know if I was joking. That night I put on a new dress and waited. He had a more difficult time. He had to knock on the door without knowing if I would be ready or not. But he knocked, and I was ready! That was our first date. This year, we celebrated our fortieth wedding anniversary'Second StoryMy husband and I met one day at an airport. It was Christmas day. I was picking up my friend Bernd. He was coming from Germany to spend the holidays with my family. While we were waiting for his luggage, I heard a man speaking in Italian. I decided to say something to him because I speak Italian.I said, "Buon Natale" which means, "Merry Christmas!" When I spoke in Italian, he said, "Mama mia! Why do you speak Italian? Who are you?" He asked me for my phone number. He called me the next day, and we dated for a year. Then we got married. So be careful who you talk to in the airport!Third StoryMy wife and I met through our parents. Our parents arranged our marriage. Before we got married, my wife and I wanted to meet. Our parents arranged our first meeting in a restaurant. That night, we talked about ourselves and what we wanted in our lives. We talked for hours. We shared our hopes and dreams. After a while, we decided that our parents were right! And we got married.Fourth StoryMy wife and 1 met through a matchmaker. I'm an engineer, and in my field, most people are men. I couldn't meet any women at work. So one day I saw an advertisement for a matchmaking service, and I decided to call. The matchmaker introduced me to many nice women. I enjoyed meeting them, but I didn't meet anyone I wanted to marry. Finally, she introduced me to my wife. I decided not to date any other women because I liked her very much. We enjoyed the same things, and we laughed a lot together. We also had the same goals and values in life. My wife and I were married six years ago, and now we have two children. I'm glad I picked up the phone and called that matchmaker!Among married couples in the U.S., one finds a wide range of living patterns. Some older couples still have traditional marriages, with the man as breadwinner and the woman as homemaker. But most younger women today are not content to be full-time homemakers. The women's liberation movement, which swept the country in the 1960s, changed attitudes and behavior forever. Today's young American woman wants marriage, but she also wants her own identity. She wants what men have always had—a marriage that is important but still allows time to pursue individual goals. The maJority of American wives, even those with children, work outside the home- As a result, the older idea that housework, cooking, and child care are "women's work" is being discarded. In the contemporary American marriage, the husband and wife share both financial and domestic responsibilities.Sharing money-making and housekeeping responsibilities provides a better life for the family. Of course, problems can develop in the two-income family if the husband expects his working wife to be the perfect homemaker that his stay-at-home mother was- Also, there may be arguments if the wife expects her husband to help with household chores, but he is unwilling to do so. In most families, the working wife probably still handles the largest share of the housework, cooking, and child care. but she gets some help from her husband.The contemporary American marriage is also characterized by a relationship of equality and shared decision making. Most American women today will not tolerate a husband who considers himself the boss. The American girl is given freedom and education equal to a boy's. After completing her education, she is able to get a job and support herself. She does not need to marry for financial security. She is self-sufficient and will not accept a submissive role in marriage. When husband and wife are able to share decision making and respect each other's viewpoints, their marriage is probably closer than those of past generations. When they battle for dominance, they're likely to end up in divorce court.“Ring out the old, ring in the new,” wrote Alfred, Lord Tennyson, the nineteenth-century English poet. And that's exactly what Americans do every December 31. New Year's Eve is a time for noise and fun- At home or in restaurants, most Americans drink and dine with friends- At midnight on New Year's Eve, bells ring, horns blow, and friends toast each other with champagne. It's also customary to exchange kisses. New Year's Eve festivities often continue until two or three o'clock in the morning. Many people travel from one party to another to celebrate with several different groups of friends The country's most crowded New Year's Eve celebration takes place in New York City's Times Square. Since 1907, the famous ball-lowering ceremony has been a holiday highlight. To celebrate the arrival of the year 2000, an estimated 2 million people crowded into Times Square, and hundreds of million viewed the scene on TV The huge, 1,070-pound lighted crystal ball began its descent from a 77-foot flagpole at 11:59 p.m. and reached the bottom at exactly midnight. Simultaneously, confetti, balloons, and fireworks brightened the night sky. It was the biggest public event ever held in the city.What do Americans do on New Year's Day? Many sleep late because they stayed up all night long. Many watch TV which offers spectacular parades and football games between champion college teams. From ancient times to the present. New Year's customs have been connected with saying good-bye to the past and looking forward to a better future. Therefore, New Year's Day often inspires people to start new programs and give up bad habits. Some people make New Year's resolutions. People talk about "turning over a new leaf", referring to a clean, blank page or a fresh start. Typical New Year's resolutions are to spend less money, give up smoking, begin a diet, or be nicer to others. It's safe to assume that about half of them are forgotten by January 31'It was a cool autumn evening. Mrs. Brown was sitting in her living room, reading. Suddenly, there was a loud knock on her door, then two or three more knocks. Mrs. Brown put the safety chain on her door. Then she opened the door a little and looked out. There stood three children wearing masks and costumes. When they saw her, they all shouted, "Trick or treat! Money or eats!"Mrs, Brown dropped a candy bar into each child's bag."Thanks for the candy," shouted the children as they ran off to ring another doorbell-"You're welcome," said Mrs. Brown. "Have fun, and don't play any pranks."Every year on October 31. Halloween scenes like this occur throughout the USA. American children love to dress up in costumes and go trick-or-treating. If an adult refuses to supply a treat—candy, cookies, fruit, or money— the children may play a trick. Typical Halloween pranks are soaping windows, writing on doors with crayons, overturning garbage cans, sticking pins into doorbells to keep them ringing, throwing raw eggs, and spraying shaving cream on cars and friends.Halloween is celebrated by nearly all American children, and over 70% of adults also participate in some Halloween activity. College students and other young adults may attend masquerade parties or Halloween parades. Many families carve pumpkins and decorate the outside of their homes with the traditional Halloween symbols. Businesses get into the act, too. Store windows display jack-o'-lanterns, scarecrows, and witches. Servers in restaurants and salespeople in supermarkets and bookstores are often in costume. Many nightclubs and bars encourage customers to come in costume by offering prizes for the best disguisesUINT 4 PART 31. W: Some people say that many TV programs are silly, meaningless, or a waste of time. What do youthink of them, Jim?M: It seems to me that some important social issues—like drugs, divorce and so on—are dealt with fairly realistically and a lot of honest talks can be heard in these programs.Q: What does the man think of the TV programs?2. W: How was the lecture yesterday?M: Well... It was a complete drag.W: How come? Many students seem to be interested inJohnson's lecture.M: But the one yesterday was the pits. It bored me to tears.Q: How does the man think about the lecture yesterday?3. W: Frank, what do you think about your college life?M: Generally speaking, my college years are exciting and rewarding, but they are certainly not easy or carefree. Just about all college students face the pressure of making important career decisions and some anxiety about examinations and grades.Q: What does the man think about his college life?4. W: Wow! This is a marvelous room! Whose idea was it to decorate the room like this?M: It was Jane's.W: I never knew she was good at this. She must be very art-conscious.Q: What does the woman think about Jane now?5. W: I've been reading a lot lately about the issue of women's rights, and I find that is a very hot topicnow.M: It depends on which magazine or paper you read. If it's a women's magazine, just about every article has that as a topic in one way or another.Q: What is the man's response to the woman's saying?6. M: Ann, it's good to see you back. Do you remember when we were kids, we used to go swimmingtogether?W: Yeah. I sure do. I really love this town and I have a lot of good memories from here.M: I want to tell you that we take a lot of pride in the gold medal you won and we are behind you one hundred percent.Q: What does the man think of the woman?7. W: How are you doing since you retired four months ago?M; I thought it would be wonderful to be retired. I have looked forward to this day for thirty years, but now I'm considering volunteering.Q: What does the man feel about his retired days?8. W: Well, it seems that Frank has become quite a famous painter.M: Has he? You know I'm a professional artist myself and I question how much talent Frank has. Q: What conclusion can be drawn from the man's comments?UINT 14 SECTION A1、Miyoko: Hi, Wendy!Wendy: Hello.Miyoko: What's wrong? Are you sick?Wendy: Yeah. I have a really bad headache.Miyoko: Oh. I'm sorry- You want some aspirin?Wendy: No thanks. I'm just gonna go to bed and rest.2、Lisa: Hey girl. What's up?Leslie: Not much. What about you?Lisa: Nuthin' special. Hey, are you okay?Leslie: Yeah. I guess I'm Just really sore from going to the climbing gym yesterday.Lisa: Me, too' 1 guess we overdid it. My back is sore, and 1 have a stiff neck.Leslie: Next time, we'd better stretch after we exercise!Lisa: Yes! Good idea.3、Professor Chavez: Hi, Tony. How are you?Tony: Not so good, Professor Chavez. I think I'm coming down with a bad cold.Professor Chavez: Really? What's wrong?Tony: Well, I have a stuffy nose and a cough.Professor Chavez: Do you have a fever? You look a little warm.Tony: Maybe. I feel kinda hot.Professor Chavez: Tony, you should go home and go to bed- You might have the flu that's been going around.Tony: OK. That sounds like a good idea.Professor Chavez: Remember to drink lots of juice and get lots of rest. I hope you feel better soon!4、Stephanie: Hello?Mom: Stephanie, it's Mom.Stephanie: Hi, Mom.Mom: I just called to. see how you were feeling.Stephanie: Thanks, Mom. Actually, I still have a fever.Mom: Did you take some medicine?Stephanie: Yeah. It's helping.Mom: What about your stomach? Is it still bothering you?Stephanie: Yeah-1 still feel sick to my stomach.Mom; Oh honey, I'm sorry. Is there anything I can do?Stephanie: No thanks, Mom. I feel better just talking to you.5、Brian: Erica, I found that report we were looking for.Erica: Great! Let's take a look at it. Brian: Achoooo!Erica: Oh, Brian, are you still not feeling well?Brian: Yeah. This morning I felt better, but now my head hurts.Erica: Are you getting enough sleep?Brian: 1 slept a lot last night, but I still feel tired.Erica: Listen,Brian. I can handle things here today. Why don't you go home and rest? We can finish this project tomorrow. There's no hurry.Brian: Thanks, Erica. I might just do that.6、Doug; Jenny, wait up!Jenny: Doug! I'm glad to see you. 1 wanted to tell you how much fun I had last weekend.Doug: Yeah. We enjoyed it too. We always enjoy hiking in the mountains. Unfortunately, Mary and I are both scratching like crazy.Jenny; Oh no. Poison oak?Doug: I'm afraid so. We both have a rash on our legs.Jenny: Oh, Doug. That's too bad. Doug: Yeah. We feel really itchy.Jenny: Oh no. we had such a nice day together'Doug: Yeah. We had a good time, too. Next time we'll be more careful1、Doctor: Hello, MicheUe. I'm Dr. Benson.MicheUe: Hi.Doctor: How are you feeling today?Michelle: Not so good.Doctor: Well, what seems to be the problem?Michelle; I have a bad cold.Doctor: I can hear that. How long have you had it?Michelle: About three weeks- Every time I think it's going away, I get sick again.Doctor: OK, Michelle. I'm going to examine you now.2、Doctor: Michelle, we didn't find an infection. That's good. That means that you only have abad cold. That means that you don't need to take any medicine. But I know that youdon't feel very well. I want to ask you some questions, all right?MicheUe: OK.Doctor: Has school been very difficult lately?Michelle: Well . . . not really. I've been drinking a lot of coffee to stay up late to study.Doctor: What about exercise? Have you been able to get any exercise during midterm exam?Michelle: No. I've been studying so much I haven't had time.Doctor: Well, Michelte. It sounds to me as though you've been studying so much that you haven't given your body a chance to get better. When you're sick, you need to payattention to your body. I'm going to give some advice. If you follow my advice, you'llstart to feel better soon. OK?Michelle; OK.Doctor: Well, first, you must sleep more. You need to get at least seven or eight hours of sleep every night. You cannot study well if you don't get enough sleep –Michelle: I know.Doctor: Next, you have to eat better. Your body cannot work well if you don't give it good food.Try to eat more vegetables and fruits. And limit your coffee to two cups a day. Michelle: OK.Doctor: Finally, you should exercise more. Try to exercise at least three times per week. It doesn't have to be running or aerobics. Walking is an excellent exercise and is easy todo. Michelle: All right.Doctor: Any questions?Michelle: So you think I should sleep more, eat better, and exercise more. If I do those things, I'll feel better?Doctor: And you won't get sick as often, Michelle.Michelle: Thanks a lot. Doctor.Doctor: You're very welcome, Michelle. Take care.Most people know that exercise is important. But many people don't exercise. In this announcement you will hear the five most common reasons why people don't exercise. You will also hear some easy solutions.The first problem? No time. "I don't have any time to exercise. I'm too busy." But you don't need a lot of time to exercise. Short periods of exercise are just as good as long periods of exercise. The solution? You should take two or three short walks every day. For example, ten minutes in the morning, ten minutes at lunch, and ten minutes after dinner.Next, money. "I don't have money to go to a gym. 1 don't have money to buy expensive shoes." No problem. You don't have to spend money to exercise. All you need is a street and comfortable clothes. Our solution? Walk. Don't drive. For instance, walk to the store, to the library, to the bank. Walking is free and easy.The third most common reason is bad weather. "It's raining. It's too hot. It's snowing." Here's a solution. Exercise inside. For example, turn on some music. Dance. Or clean the house. You can go to the shopping mall and walk fast.Fourth, people say they're tired. "I'm too tired to exercise. I'll exercise when I have more energy." But exercise gives you energy. Most people feel too tired because they don't exercise. The solution? Exercise every day. Take a walk. Go for a bike ride. Run around the block. You'll feel great! And you won't feel tired.Finally, some people feel embarrassed. "I feel silly exercising. I don't have a great body." Listen to this solution: Don't feel bad; you should feel great! You're taking care of your body. Little by little, you will feel better. Just do it!You have heard the five reasons why people don't exercise. More importantly, you have heard five solutions to overcome these problems. Now that you have heard this message, go out and exercise! Good luck.。
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-4Unit 4 Have a Nice TripPart I Getting ready Audioscript: ★ Australia is the world's largest island and its smallest continent. Its total area of 3 000 000 square miles is about the same as that of the continental United States (excluding Alaska).★ The area of Nepal is about 54 000 square miles. Within its borders are five of the world's highest peaks.★ Switzerland is a small, landlocked country, 15 944 square miles in area. It's bordered by France, Austria, and Italy.★ More than 20 000 000 people live in Argentine. About 97 percent are of European stock. Most Argentines live on the eastern plains. Fewer than 19% live in the dry western and northwestern provinces.★ Austria is 32 376 square miles in area. This makes it twice the size of neighboring Switzerland. There are about 7 150 000 people living in Austria. More than one third of the people live in or near Vienna, the capital city.★ Colombia is the only country in South America with a coastline on both sides of the continent. It is a big country with an area of 439 828 square miles and about 16 300 000 persons live in Colombia.★ Saudi Arabia's area is estimated to be about 830 000 square miles.Almost all of Saudi Arabia's 7 000 000 people are Arabs. Today Saudi Arabia's vast oil resources are paying for the modernization of the country. Conditions there are changing more rapidly than they have for centuries.★ Denmark proper has an area of only 16 575 square miles. It is the smallest of the Scandinavian countries -- Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. But Denmark's population of over 4 600 000 is greater than that of Norway and more than half that of Sweden.Part II CanadaAudioscript:Thank you for calling the Daily News Information line on Canada.Canada is a huge country, second in size only to the former Soviet Union. Yet it has only 26 million people, which is less than half the population of the United Kingdom. It extends from the Great Lakes in the south to the majestic Rocky Mountains in the west, and the bleak Arctic Islands in the far north. A third of the country is covered by forest and there are also vast grasslands and countless lakes and rivers.There are great variations in climate. Winters are extremely cold except in Vancouver which has a milder climate owing to its location on the west coast, so take a heavy overcoat and a fur hat. Canadiansummers are warm on the whole, especially inland, so you'll only need lightweight clothing.A quarter of all Canadians, mainly those living in the province of Quebec in the east, speak French as their first language. In addition, there are half a million American Indians, a million Germans and smaller numbers of Italians, Ukranians and Inuit. Canada has two official languages: English and French, except in the province of Quebec where French alone is the official language. You'll find English spoken virtually everywhere apart from Quebec and if you plan to visit Quebec City, you'll definitely need a French phrasebook if you don't speak French.Eating out is a pleasure in Canada and you'll find restaurants, coffee shops and snack bars to suit every pocket. Menus offer a wide choice with excellent seafood like Pacific salmon, lobsters and clams, meat dishes including moose steaks and beefsteaks, and also a range of ethnic foods. For the sweet course, the specialty/speciality is waffles, a kind of thick pancake, served with maple syrup. Beer is good but foreign wines, even those from neighboring America, tend to be quite dear and local wines are not particularly good.Canada has some of the world's most modern shopping centers. Clothes tend to be slightly expensive by European standards but thereare some bargains to be had. Good buys include moccasins, a kind of soft leather shoe made by Indians, woolen gloves and sweaters, wood carvings, leather goods and maple syrup, of course.The unit of currency is the Canadian dollar. Banking hours are from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Monday to Thursday and till later on Fridays.Have a good trip, and thank you for calling the information line. Part III Travelling around Australia Audioscript:Nancy: Oh, David, hi! You know, I've been meaning to talk to you. I'm planning a trip to Australia, and I wonder if you could give mesome advice.David: Sure! What... what do you want to know?Nancy: Well, I thought I'd start my trip in Sydney. What should I see there?David: Well, the most important thing to see, of course, is the harbor, which is the most beautiful in the world.Nancy: Oh, right. Do they have boat trips?David: Yeah, of course, they do. They have wonderful boat trips! The one ... the one that I recommend particularly is ... is a triparound Have a Nice Trip the harbor in an old sailing ship. Nancy: Oh, that sounds like lots of fun!David: Yeah. And, of course, then there's the Sydney Opera House, which ... which everyone knows about. And, uh, you can see ...see wonderful things there ... concerts and opera and theater. Nancy: Oh, I definitely want to go there! Now what about places to stay? Can you recommend some place inexpensive?David: Yeah, let me see ... Probably, of course, you know I don't stay in these places, but probably the most inexpensive placewould be ... would be a backpacker's hotel. There are lots ofthose.Nancy: OK, thanks. That sounds good. Uh, where should I go after Sydney?David: After Sydney, let's see ... I'd recommend that you travel up the coast to the Great Barrier Reef, which is in North Queensland. Nancy: Right. I've heard a lot about it! But what is there to do there?David: Well, you can go scuba diving and see the coral reef and the tropical fish up close ...Nancy: You know I don't like to get wet.David: Well, there ... there're always ... always these glass-bottom boats you can ... you can travel on. They're ... they're fabulous!Yeah, and, uh, there're ... there are literally hundreds of islandsyou can explore.Nancy: Wow! And are there places to stay?David: Yeah, sure. If you want to spend lots of money, you can stay at one of these fabulous resort hotels or, if you want to ... want todo it on the cheap, you can ... you can go to a guesthouse,which are much cheaper.Nancy: Right. That sounds good. Well, what next?David: Next, well, I guess you should ... should go inland to ... to Ayers Rock in Uluru National Park.Nancy: Ayers Rock? What is that? How do you spell it?David: It's ... it's Ayers Rock. It's ... it's spelled ... let's see, A-Y-E-R-S.It's the largest rock in the world! You must know about it!Nancy: No kidding! No, I've never heard of it! What do you do when you visit it?David: Well, it's mainly hiking and trekking. You can ... you can walk right round the base of it if you like. [Huh!] It takes about ...it's ... it's about five and a half miles, I guess, but [Wow!] it'sreally well worth it. And, uh, there are cave paintings in therock, and the colors of the rock ... at... at sunrise and sunset...are just fabulous!Nancy: Sounds like I should bring my camera!David: You sure should! Finally, let's see, I guess you should travel ...travel north to visit the Kakadu National Park.Nancy: Kakadu? How do you spell that?David: K-A-K-A-D-U. It's ... it's a tropical forest where you can go hiking and see all sorts of wildlife ...Nancy: Oh?David: Oh, and there are some beautiful waterfalls there as well. Nancy: And do they allow camping there?David: Yeah, there are lots and lots of campsites. The only thing is that you've got to watch out for the crocodiles!Nancy: Ugh! Well, David, thanks a lot! You've been a big help! David: No problem.Nancy: I can't wait to go!Statements:1. When David was in Sydney, he didn't stay there for night.2. The Great Barrier Reef is in South Queensland in Australia.3. From what Nancy says, one can know that she is fond of swimming.4. In Uluru National Park, Nancy can see the largest rock in the world.5. If Nancy likes to walk around the base of the rock, she has to walk about five miles.6. Nancy will bring her camera with her when she travels in Australia.7. There are no crocodiles in the tropical forest in Australia.Part IV More about the topic:The story of Denver Audioscript: :Denver is the largest city and the capital of the western state of Colorado. There's a marker on the step in the State Capitol Building.Standing there, you are exactly 1.6 kilometers above sea level, one mile high. Denver is known as "the-mile-high city", but it does not appear to be that high. This is because it is built almost completely on smooth flat land. Denver is the largest city of the Rocky Mountains. Many people believe it is actually in the Rocky Mountains. However, it is about 50 kilometers east of them.The city of Denver has a population of about 470 000 people. This makes it the 26th largest city in the United States. The area around Denver has more than 1 600 000 people. City officials are proud of the fact that Denver receives more than 300 days of sunshine a year. Storms moving east across the country lose much of their strength in the Rockies. So Denver gets only about 3 5 centimeters of rain and snow a year. The nearby mountains, however, get a lot more than that.Denver is the business and marketing center for all the Rocky Mountain area. It has more than 1 500 manufacturing companies. Food processing is the main manufacturing activity. Other factories make equipment for the defense, space, high technology and transportation industries. Gold production is also important. Denver is home to companies that control half the gold produced in the United States.The computer and communications industries have become increasingly important in recent years. Denver has the third highestnumber of high technology jobs in relation to the population. The area also has become a center for companies that do business in other countries. This is true throughout the western states. In fact, more jobs in the American west are linked to foreign trade than in any other part of the country.Tourism is also an important industry in Denver. For example, the Colorado History Museum shows the history of the native American Indians, gold miners and other people who moved to Colorado. The Denver Museum of Natural History shows Indian objects and examples of local wildlife. Many visitors to Colorado and the Rocky Mountains use Denver's new international airport, which opened in 1995. It was the first major new airport built in the United States in 21 years. It cost almost 5 000 million dollars. It is the largest airport in North America, almost 90 000 passengers land at Denver International Airport each day.There is a lot to see and do in Denver. The State Capitol Building is in the center of the city. The top is covered with more than 500 g of gold. On a clear day, a visitor to the Capitol can see for a distance of almost 250 kilometers. 87 years ago, city officials began to purchase land to make sure it would be protected from development. Today, the city owns 8 000 hectares. On this land, Denver has built the largest citypark system in the nation. Finally, there's Larama Square. It is a business area that is said to look like Denver of the early 1900s. Larama Square is filled with old buildings, gas lights and vehicles pulled by horses. It is a part of the new Denver that lives in the past.Part V Do you know ...? Audioscript:1.-- This country is an island, and it has a very small population,and most of the population live in the capital city.-- Is it a very dry country?-- Um -- no.-- Is it in the Caribbean?-- No, it isn't.-- Is it in the Pacific?-- No.-- Is it in Europe? (Uh, huh)-- Is it divided into two halves?-- No.-- Is it very popular for tourists?-- Not really, no.-- Is it in the Mediterranean?-- No.-- Is it in the Atlantic?-- Um, yes, I think so.-- It's not Iceland, is it?-- Yes.2.--This country is quite a large country. It has changed its capitalsince the Second World War, and it's famous for its jungles.-- Is it an African country?-- No, it isn't.-- Is it a South American country?-- Yes.-- Sorry, did you say it was large or small?-- Er, pretty large, (large)-- Does it have a newly built capital?-- Yes, it does.-- Brazil?-- Brazil. That's correct.3.-- This is a small country. It's mountainous and it has a smallpopulation.-- Is it in Europe?-- No.-- Is it in Asia?-- No.-- South America?-- No.-- Africa?-- No.-- North America?-- No.-- Is it a hot country?-- Slightly hotter than Britain.-- Does it have a dry climate or ... ?-- No, it has a very wet climate.-- A small population, you said?-- Yes.-- Is it an island country?-- Yes.-- Divided into two islands?-- Yes.-- Is it New Zealand?-- Yes.Part VII Watch and enjoy Videoscript:Dan Cruickshank:Over the past month, I've traveled through the Americas from Peru to New York. My next stop is another of the world's great modern cities.In little more than 200 years, Sydney has gone from being a dumping ground for British convicts to a confident metropolis, with a number of potential treasures I'm keen to see. I've come to Sydney to seek my treasure. To find the treasure that captures the extraordinary history, the spirit of this city and this nation. There are several contenders.The first one is obvious -- The Sydney Opera House. It's the great Australian icon and one of the most celebrated buildings of the 20th century.The Opera House was designed in 1957 by a Danish architect, Jorn Utzon. The Opera House was one of the most memorable buildings of the 20th century. Its forms are so strong. They're like a symbol for the city. These great shells one upon the other, incredibly powerful. The influences are complex. Utzon looked at many things. He'd been to Mexico, seen Mayan architecture. He loved the platform. I'm on the platform now. The shells rise from -- rise from the platform. Below are sort of the service parts of the buildings, and these great steps, again from the great Mayan temples in Mexico. So he's thinkingof ancient sacred buildings. Utzon also took inspiration from nature. He needed to make the structure easy to build. His solution was ingenious. The shape of each of these shells originates from one form -- a sphere. If one takes an orange and one cuts it into components, I'm now creating the surface of the shells on a miniscule scale. And these surface shapes of standard geometrical form are the basis of the shell structure of the city Opera House, you see. Incredible this use of nature, use of simple forms, use of powerful elemental geometry, use of modern building materials -- concrete, all very ingenious, to create emblematic building, which sums up the city, which has captured the imagination of the world, which says Sydney.My heart sinks when I enter the Opera House. It seems like another building. The imaginative design of the exterior has not been repeated inside. It's all because in 1966 Uzton walked off the project after rows over the design and escalating budget. The consequences of Uzton's resignation were, well, tragic really. The fact is the relationship between the inside and the outside is, er, what shall one say -- unresolved, unsatisfactory. It's good in parts, but not as good as it ought to be and that's very sad. A masterpiece has been flawed.。
英语听力教程4张民伦第三版听力原文1. 导言英语学习是现代社会中越来越重要的一门技能。
而英语听力作为英语学习的重要组成部分，对于学习者来说尤为关键。
在这篇文章中，我们将深入探讨《英语听力教程4张民伦第三版听力原文》，并从多个角度对其进行全面评估。
2. 内容概述《英语听力教程4张民伦第三版听力原文》是一本专门针对英语听力训练的教材。
它包括了大量的听力原文材料，涵盖了各种不同主题和场景，旨在帮助学习者提高听力水平。
这些听力原文不仅涵盖了日常生活对话，还包括了新闻报道、学术讲座等各种领域的内容，为学习者提供了丰富的听力练习素材。
3. 深度评估在对《英语听力教程4张民伦第三版听力原文》进行深度评估时，我们需要从几个方面来进行分析。
我们可以从教材的内容丰富度和多样性来评估其质量。
我们需要了解教材是否具有针对性和实用性，能否真正帮助学习者提高听力水平。
我们还需要考察教材的组织结构和学习方式是否符合学习者的需求。
4. 内容分析在深入分析《英语听力教程4张民伦第三版听力原文》的内容时，我们可以看到这些听力原文涉及了丰富的话题，包括但不限于日常生活、文化交流、科技发展等方面的内容，为学习者提供了多样化的练习素材。
这些听力原文不仅包括了各种语速和口音，还包括了不同场景下的对话和讨论，能够更贴近学习者的实际需求。
5. 效果评估通过对《英语听力教程4张民伦第三版听力原文》的全面评估，我们可以看到这本教材在提高学习者听力水平方面具有显著的效果。
学习者可以通过反复练习这些听力原文，提高自己的听力理解能力，并且能够更好地适应不同场景下的听力要求。
教材的内容不仅涵盖了基础的语言应用，还包括了一些专业领域的内容，能够帮助学习者更全面地提高自己的听力水平。
6. 个人观点在我看来，《英语听力教程4张民伦第三版听力原文》是一本非常优秀的教材。
它不仅内容丰富多样，而且注重实际应用，能够真正帮助学习者提高听力水平。
教材的组织结构也非常合理，能够帮助学习者系统地提高自己的听力能力，因此我非常推荐这本教材。
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-5Unit 5 Meet People from around theWorldPart I Getting ready Audioscript:Presenter：Today Selina Kahn is in the arrival area at Gatwick Airport checking out today's topic -- national stereotypes. Selina ... Selinar：Thanks, John. I have with me Eric, who's just flown in with Virgin Atlantic from the USA.Eric：That's right. I've just come back from New York.Selinar：Is it as dangerous as they say?Eric：No, New York isn't dangerous, no more than any other big city, especially if you're careful and don't advertise the fact thatyou're a tourist.Selinar：And is it true what they say about New Yorkers, that they're rude, and that they only care about themselves?Eric：Well, I found the people were very friendly. However, they do have a reputation for not caring about other people. I think thereason for this is that life in New York is incredibly stressful.People just don't have the time to think about anybody else. Itisn't that they don't care.Selinar：Is there anything else you noticed about New Yorkers? Eric：Two things I had heard about before I went to New York did seem to be true, though. First is that they are always talkingabout money and how much things cost. Secondly, it's thatpeople eat all the time as they go about their daily lives, youknow they "graze on the hoof" as they walk about the streets. Selinar：Thanks Eric, and now I have with me, Sue, who's been to the south of France ...Part II New Icelanders Audioscript:New Zealand is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean about 1 200 miles southeast of Australia. It has about 2 575 000 people. Two thirds live on the North Islands, and one third on the larger South Island. Most of them are of British descent.Almost everyone in New Zealand knows how to read and write. Thegovernment provides free education for children from ages 3 to 19. Education is compulsory for children between the ages of 7 and 15, but most enter school by the age of 5. Young children who live far from schools belong to the Government Correspondence School and listen to daily school broadcasts on the radio.New Zealanders enjoy one of the highest standards of living in the world. There are no people of great wealth, but poverty is practically unknown. The majority of families live in one-story wooden homes. Most families have an automobile, and many have modern home appliances. Because the country is a major producer of sheep and dairy products, meat and butter form a larger share of the diet than is common in other countries. The people are among the world's greatest tea drinkers.Many of the books, magazines, and movies in New Zealand come from the United Kingdom or the United States. But the number of books published in the country is growing rapidly. Musical and theatrical groups come from Europe and North America to perform. The larger cities have radio and television stations. The National Symphony Orchestra gives concerts throughout the country, and there are also opera and ballet companies.New Zealanders enjoy the outdoors, and people of all ages take part in sports. Favorite holiday activities are camping, boating, hunting andfishing. Horse racing draws large crowds to racetracks. Rugby football is a national game. Other team sports are soccer, cricket, basketball, and field hockey.Statements：1. New Zealand is about 1 400 miles from Australia.2. More people live on the larger South Island than the North Island in New Zealand.3. Most New Zealanders are of British origin.4. Children in New Zealand usually go to school at the age of5.5. Not many New Zealanders have their own cars.6. New Zealanders are fond of drinking a lot of tea.Part III What do you think of Britain？Audioscript: ?Paul comes from Jamaica.Interviewer：What do you think of English food?Paul：English food -- right now, I can enjoy it, but when I first came up from the West Indies, I found it rather distasteful, rather boring,no flavor, no taste.Interviewer：What do you think of the English weather?Paul：The English weather -- I do not think there are enough adjectives to describe (it) -- miserable, cold, damp, changeable,depressing. I think bleak is the best word.Interviewer：Now what do you think about English people and their way of life?Paul：The older generation of English people are really snobbish -- the snob-nosed English. But the youth of England today -- they'rereally alive, you know, they're more vibrant, on fire, alive.They are much more free than their parents, crazy! Cindycomes from Los Angeles.Interviewer：What do you think of the English weather?Cindy：Well, it's rather cloudy and depressing. I get tired of all these "sunny intervals." There's not enough sunshine. Other than that,it's all right. It's not too cold, nor too warm.Interviewer：And have you had much opportunity to eat English food? Cindy：Yes, I avoid it, because it's dull. I think it's dull. And I think the English eat a lot of sweets and greasy food like chips. Interviewer：And what about the English way of life? What do you think of that?Cindy：Well, it's certainly more relaxed, but I think that the English people are -- tend to be -- difficult to get to know. They'rereserved. The cities are safer and I also think they're muchcleaner than the American cities, which makes it much morepleasant to live there. Usha comes from Madras, in India. Interviewer：Would you like to tell me what you think of the English weather? Usha：Well, the English weather is very changeable,but it's OK. Well, I like spring and autumn best. I think they arethe loveliest time of the year.Interviewer：And what about English food? What do you think of that?Usha：Well, English food is healthy. But I wouldn't like to haveit every day. It's rather ... I wouldn't say dull -- but too bland formy taste.Interviewer：And what about English people? How have you found them? Usha：Well, in the beginning, they are rather reserved,but once you get to know them, they are very friendly, and I'vegot many English friends now in England.Interviewer：And how have you found the English way of life?Usha：Well, city life is fast of course everywhere, but I like thecountryside very much. I like it very much, yes. Spiro comesfrom Salonika, in Greece.Interviewer：You've lived in England for about seven years. What do you think of English weather?Spiro：Well, I think the English winter is very depressing at times, especially when it drizzles all the time, and also the other thingthat makes it depressing is the long nights. It gets dark veryearly and you wake up and it's pitch black again, and so you goto work and it's very dark and you come home and it's darkagain. But in the summer, I think, when the sun's shining, it'svery pleasant indeed, with green parks, trees, very pleasant. Interviewer：And what about English food? What do you think of that?Spiro：Well, I think it's ... English food is all right, but there's a very limited selection of dishes. It's mostly roast and -- offhand --there's only about five typically English dishes I can think of,whereas compare that to Greek food, there's an enormousselection of dishes one could cook. Interviewer：And what doyou think of the English people?Spiro：I find them very reserved, but it seems that when you get to know them, they're quite friendly and sincere. But it usuallytakes some time to actually open an English person up -- if youlike.Interviewer：And what do you think of the English way of life? Spiro：Pretty awful, actually. It's the speed of life really that I find rather tiring.Part IV More about the topic:Native People of Alaska Audioscript:When the Russian discovered Alaska in 1741, they found it occupied by three groups of native peoples -- Eskimos, Aleuts, and Indians. Descendants of these natives still live in Alaska.Most scientists think that the native peoples migrated originally from Asia to North America, not all at once but in wave after wave over thousands of years. Probably the last to enter Alaska were the ancestors of the northern Eskimos.Eskimos Of the different groups of native peoples, the Eskimos are the most numerous. From earliest times the Eskimos depended upon sea mammals, fish, and caribou for their living. In the 1890's reindeer werebrought from Siberia to start herds as an additional means of livelihood.Many Eskimos now live in frame houses heated by fuel oil, but they once lived in sod and driftwood huts heated by seal-oil lamps. They did not build snow ig100s, as some of the Canadian Eskimos still do, except for emergency shelter.The Eskimos are superb hunters. They are an energetic people who have long been known for their ivory carving and other arts and crafts. Their way of life is changing as they find opportunities for schooling and for employment in trades and professions.Aleuts The Aleutian Islands and the Alaska Peninsula are the homelands of the Aleuts. The Aleut language is related to the language of the Eskimos, and yet it is very different. Like the Eskimos, the Aleuts have always depended on the sea for food and other needs. Some of the present-day Aleuts operate fishing boats. Others work in fish canneries. Many Aleuts have Russian names, which go back to the time of the Russian occupation of Alaska.Indians There are two major groups of Indians -- the Indians of the Interior Plateau and the Indians of Southeastern Alaska.The Indians who live in the interior came to Alaska from Canada. Originally they were hunters. Some of them still live by hunting, fishing, and trapping. Others have moved to towns, where they live and work as do other present-day Alaskans.The Indians of Southeastern Alaska are sometimes known as the maritime Indians, or Indians who live near the sea. They have been in Alaska for hundreds of years. Carving and basket making are among the crafts of the maritime Indians. They are known for their totem poles. From earliest times they depended on fish, especially salmon, for their living. Today they are efficient business people who operate commercial fishing boats and canneries. They also follow other occupations such as logging, shopkeeping, and working in government offices.Part V Do you know ...? Audioscript:Dan Cruickshank：I'm at Cuiaba in the western Brazil -- and I'm about to fly, go by car, and by boat, around 750 kilometres into theAmazon rainforest to find my living treasure. My treasure's notan ancient artifact, but something very special that continues tobe created and used by people deep in the rainforest.After several hours, we cross the threshold into what remainsof the rainforest. It's been fenced off and is now protected bythe Brazilian government. I head down the Warema River, atributary of the Amazon, towards my treasure. It's anunbelievably beautiful work of art, created by a tribe called theIgbatsa (Rikbaktsa). Excellent reception committee. Wonderwho I approach. Hello.That is what I've come to see -- the headdress. My most colourful of treasures is a symbol of the Amazon and an object of immense importance to these people. Here we go.Oh my god. Wow. I expected one, maybe two, umahara, but a whole hut full. Beautiful objects, beautifully made, but more to the point, they're full of meaning to these people. They celebrate their culture, their aspirations, their religion. And made from human hair, parrot feathers. Ah, absolutely wonderful. The umahara headdress is worn with great pride by the Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people. It's the emblem of an endangered culture. It once played a key role in war ceremonies and is still used in dance rituals. This dance takes place every day for 90 days after the first of June. It's a celebration of birth and all things new. During the dance wives have the right to ask favours of their husbands, who are obliged to grant them.After the dance, I talk to members of the tribe about the headdress and how it's made.Can I ask what it -- what it means to them today, the umahara headdress?Interpreter：He says the umahara represents a great richness in their own culture. And for their future. For their future, theyshouldn't stop creating it and using it for their own use.Dan Cruickshank：Represents their sense of identity really. Interpreter：It represents the identity of the Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people. Dan Cruickshank：So we've got feathers from parrots and -- and female hair. That -- that is correct, is it... really? On -- onto -- Interpreter：This is from the -- a Marella clan.Dan Cruickshank：Yes, there is the hair.It's all rather perplexing. To preserve their traditions, theIgbatsa (Rikbaktsa) have to make the umahara headdresses. Yetin so doing, they must kill protected bird species for theirfeathers. While the faces and bodies of the men and women arebrightly painted in the traditional way, they sport natty shortsand bikini tops. Bit by bit, the Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) are beingdrawn into the modern world, whether they like it or not. Asevening approaches, preparations are being made for supper. Arather tasty feast awaits me. This all brings back very deepmemories. The family halls scattered round about thecompound, the main hall where the communal ceremonies takeplace -- the people gathered round the fire at night eating. Thefields round about. It's like an Anglo-Saxon village in Englanda couple of hundred years ago. It's like meeting one's ancestorscoming back here.Statements:1. The Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people live in Brazil.2. The headdress is made from parrot feathers and male hair.3. The headdress is now used in dance rituals to celebrate birthand all things new.4. The dance takes place every day in June.5. During the dance, husbands cannot refuse favors asked bytheir wives.6. The Igbatsa (Rikbaktsa) people do not like the modern wayof life.Part VII Watch and enjoy Videoscript:Narrator：It looks like a paradise, but it is in fact the most treacherous desert in the world：the Kalahari. After the short rainy season, there are many water holes, and even rivers. But after a few weeks, the water sinks away into the deep Kalahari sand. The water holes dry up, and the rivers stop flowing. The grass fades to a beautiful blond color that offersexcellent grazing for the animals. But for the next nine months, there'll be no water to drink. So most of the animals move away, leaving the beautiful blond grass uneaten. Humans avoid the deep Kalahri like the plague because man must have water to live. So the beautiful landscapes are devoid of people, except for the little people of the Kalahari. Pretty, dainty, small and graceful, the Bushmen. Where any other person would die of thirst in a few days, they live quite contentedly in this desert that doesn't look like a desert. They know where to dig for roots and bulbs and tubers and which berries and pods are good to eat. And of course they know what to do about water. For instance, in the early morning, you can collect dewdrops from leaves that were carefully laid out the previous evening. Or a plume of grass can be a reservoir. And if you have the know-how, an insignificant clump of twigs can tell you where to dig, then you come to light with an enormous tuber. You scrape shavings off it with a stick that is split for a sharp edge. You take a handful of the shavings, point your thumb at your mouth and squeeze. They must be the most contented people in the world. They have no crime, no punishment, no violence, no laws, no police, judges, rulers or bosses. They believe that the gods put only good and useful things on the earth for them to use. In this world of theirs, nothing is bad or evil. Even a poisonous snake is not bad. You just have to keep away from the sharp end. Actually, a snake is very good. In fact, it's delicious and theskin makes a fine pouch. They live in the vastness of the Kalahari in small family groups.One family of Bushmen might meet up with another family once in a few years. But for the most part, they live in complete isolation, quite unaware that there are other people in the world. In the deep Kalahari, there are Bushmen who have never seen or heard of civilized man. Sometimes they hear a thundering sound when there are no clouds in the sky, and they assume that the gods have eaten too much again and their rummies are rumbling up there. Sometimes they can even see the evidence of the gods' flatulence. Their language has an idiosyncrasy of its own. It seems to consist mainly of clicking sounds. They are very gentle people. They'll never punish a child or even speak harshly to it. So of course their kids are extremely well-behaved. And their games are cute and inventive. When the family needs meat, the hunter dips his tiny arrow in a brew that acts as a tranquilizer. So when he shoots a buck, it only feels a sting and the arrow drops out. The buck runs away, but soon it gets very drowsy and it stops running. After a while, it goes to sleep. And the hunter apologizes to his prey. He explains that his family needs the meat. The one characteristic which really makes the Bushmen different from all the other races on earth is the fact that they have no sense of ownership at all. Where they live, there's really nothing you can own. Only trees and grass and animals. In fact these Bushmen havenever seen a stone or a rock in their lives. The hardest things they know are wood and bone. They live in a gentle world, where nothing is as hard as rock, or steel or concrete.。
