timing plan master

船长英语阅读理解（光盘64篇）1、Failing to identify pre-shipment damage and neglecting to make appropriate notations on bills of lading will deprive the carrier of his rights，limitations and immunities under the contract of carriage and may prejudice Club cover．Assertions are sometimes made by cargo interests that rust on a particular shipment is normal and will not affect its market value．Such comments should be disregarded．In all cases where a steel cargo is found to be rusty，it is imperative that remarks are made on the bills of lading，irrespective of the apparent severity of the rust．The bills of lading should also be claused to reflect any physical pre-shipment damage to the steel and/or wrappers（bends，tears，crimps，dents，deformation，crushing）．Selecting the most appropriate clauses to describe pre-shipment damage is not always easy，and the attending surveyor should be consulted for advice．Where possible，the clausing should list the identification marks of the damaged GOODs，failing which the number of coils or packages should be quantified．Percentage estimates regarding the number of damaged pieces should not be given．If it is not possible to identify the damaged GOODs specifically，the words“some”or“several”may be acceptable．Any differences found between the ship and shore tally or ship and bill of lading figures must be noted on the bill of lading in the usual manner．1)The clausing on B/L is to reflect and make notation of ________ the cargoes and/or their wrappers．A．all damages incurred during the carriage by sea toB．all possible damages to and/or losses ofC．physical pre-shipment damages toD．pre-shipment damages to2) The pre-shipment rusts for which there are assertions made by cargo interests that they are normal and would not affect the cargo's market value shall ________．A．be claused on the Bill of LadingB．not be claused on the Bill of LadingC．be disregardedD．not be disregarded3) The proper topic of this paragraph is ________．A．The Principles for Clausing on Bills of LadingB．Losses of and Damages to Steel CargoesC．Legal Actions to Be Taken When Losses of and Damages to Cargoes Incurred D．The Functions of Clauses Made on Bills of Lading4) This paragraph is most likely compiled to protect the interests of ________．A．the carriersB．the shippersC．the merchantsD．the cargo owners2、MV Magellan was inbound from Rotterdam to berth 207at Southampton Container Terminal．At 0530the pilot boarded the ship at the Nab Tower pilot station．The pilot's and the master's passage plans were exchanged and the ship's pilot card was given to the pilot．The passage continued along the East Solent，during which time there were various VHF radio conversations between vessels and Southampton VTS，about restricted visibility．The VTS officer gave the pilot a countdown from 5 to 2 cables to the Gurnard buoy．This was given so that the pilot could judge the timing of the wheel-over manoeuvre for the 141° turn into the narrow Thorn Channel．The wheel-over occurred at about 0652 and the ship began to turn．At this time，the W Bramble and NE Gurnard buoys，which are at the entrance to Thorn Channel，could not be seen because of restricted visibility．Various helm and engine movements were made during the turn．However，when W Bramble and NE Gurnard buoys appeared，the pilot realized that the ship was in the wrong position for the heading she was on．Despite further helm and engine orders，the vessel grounded soon after，at 0700．It was not until about 0710 that the escort harbor launch informed VTS of the grounding．With the assistance of two tugs，the ship was refloated near the time of high water，and she safely berthed at 1232．1）MV Magellan applied wheel at ________ to turn into the narrow Thorn Channel．A．0530B．0652C．0700D．07102）The important navigational mark or marks at the entrance to the Thorn Channel is （are）________．A．Southampton Container TerminalB．the East SolentC．the Nab TowerD．the W Bramble and NE Gurnard buoys3）The suggestion of a countdown from 5to 2cables to the Gurnard buoy is ________．A．for the pilot to judge easily when the wheel should be used to make the turn into the narrow Thorn ChannelB．to remind the pilot that the depth around there is not sufficient for MV Magellan C．to inform the pilot that the visibility around the buoy is reduced furtherD．to request the pilot that further consideration should be given to the wheel-over manoeuvre for the 141° turn4）It can be concluded that the cause of the grounding was that ________．A．the Bramble and NE Gurnard buoys were disappearedB．the VHF radio conversations between vessels and Southampton VTS，about restricted visibility，were insufficient and improperC．Thorn Channel was too narrowD．there was an error of judgment by the pilot during the execution of the turn into Thorn Channel3、The endorsement of a nonnegotiable bill does not make the bill negotiable or give the transferee any additional right．A person to whom a nonnegotiable bill has been transferred by delivery and agreement to transfer title to the bill or to the GOODs which it represents acquires the title to the GOODs as against the transferor．The transferee may also notify the carrier of the transfer to him，and the carrier is then obligated directly to the transferee for any obligations the carrier owed to the transferor immediately before the notification．More specifically，the carrier is liable to the owner of GOODs transported under a nonnegotiable bill，subject to the right of stoppage in transit．Besides having to be the owner of the GOODs covered by the nonnegotiable bill，the claimant in such a case must have actually relied in GOOD faith on statements made by the carrier on the bill．The carrier is liable for having stated on the bill that he received GOODs when in fact he had not，and for having delivered the GOODs in a quantity，kind，weight or condition other than as stated on the bill．In general，the carrier must deliver the GOODs on demand of the consignee named in a nonnegotiable bill of lading．However，on the endorsement of a nonnegotiable bill，the GOODs may be delivered to a party entitled to their possession．The carrier is liable toward the person having title to，or a right to possession of，the GOODs for delivering them to a party not entitled to their possession．1）The endorsement of a nonnegotiable bill transfers ________．A．the title to the GOODs from the transferor to the transfereeB．the title to the GOODs from the transferee to the transferorC．in no way the title to the GOODs from the transferor to the transfereeD．the GOODs to the party entitled to their possession2）The transferee of a nonnegotiable bill acquires the title to the GOODs ________．A．by taking delivery of the bill and entering into an agreement to transfer title to the bill or to the GOODsB．by having the carrier actually delivered the GOODs to himC．by having the transferor endorsed the nonnegotiable billD．in no way3）In the event of a nonnegotiable bill has been actually transferred，if the carrier stated on the bill that he received GOODs when in fact he had not，________ is liable．A．heB．the transferorC．the transfereeD．the person having title to，or a right to possession of，the GOODs4）If the GOODs were thus transferred，and the carrier delivered the GOODs in a quantity，kind，weight or condition other than as stated on the bill，________．A．he is liableB．he is not liableC．it can not be determined whether he is liable or notD．whether he is liable or not is to be determined by the law of the ship‟s flag4、1620070900 LTMASTER SIDUSDEAR CAPTAINQUOTESAILING INSTRUCTIONS FOR YR VESSELTHIS IS R．S．PLATOU，OSLOSUBJ：FIXTURE OF YR VSLYOU ARE KINDLY REQUESTED TO PROCEED TO SAN NICOLAS（POSITION S 15°14′，W O 75°14′）TO LOAD BLAST FURNACE PELLETS FOR KAOHSIUNG，TAIWAN．（POSITION N 22°37′，E 120°15′）．STOWAGE FACTOR 0.461CUBIC METERS PER METRIC TONNE ACCORDING TO TIME CHARTERER SHOUGANG HIERRO PERU S．A．LAYCAN：16 OCT/26 OCT QUANTITY：FULL CARGOTERMS：ACCORDING TO TIME CHARTER NYPE：FIOAGENT LOAD PORT：CONSORCIO EMPRESARIAL AGNA V S．A．TELEPHONE（0051）330-6605 FAX：（0051）330-2664AGENT DISCH PORT：TO BE COMMUNICATED TO U SHORTLY．REPORTS：ETA MUST BE SENT“MINIHIERRO”LIMA AND TO SAN NICOLAS 5DAYS IN ADV ANCE，AND CONFIRMED 48HRS AND 24HRS BEFORE ARRIV ALSPECIAL ATTENTION：WHEN CONTACT MADE WITH THE RADIO STATION OAS AT SAN JUAN，A PRE-STOWAGE HATCH LIST WITH SEQUENCE OF LOADING TO BE SENT TO LOAD PORT NOT LESS THAN 48HRS IN ADV ANCE．THE RADIO STATION WILL ALSO COMMUNICATE BERTHING INSTRUCTIONS．ON ARRIV AL SUPPLIER REQUIRES YOUR PRE-STOWAGE PLAN PRIOR TO LOADING，TOTAL CARGO，ESTIMATED HATCH TONNAGE，LOADING SEQUENCE，FUEL WATER AND STORES ON BOARD，DRAUGHT，STABILITY AND TRIM ON FINISHING LOADING．DEBALLASTING：ALLOWED AT BERTH PROVIDED CLEAN SUBJECT TO APPROV AL BY PORT AUTHORITY．SURVEYS：HOLDS TO BE INSPECTED BEFORE LOADING．CARGO OFFICER TO ACCOMPANY INSPECTOR．ON AND OFF HIRE SURVEYS REQUIRED ACCORDING TO CHARTER PARTY．FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS TO FOLLOW SHORTL Y．BEST REGARDS ROTASJ/KNMEND QUOTE1）The nominated agent for the Vessel at the loading port is ________．A．MINIHIERRO B．CONSORCIO EMPRESARIAL AGNA V S．A．C．SAN NICOLAS D．SAN JUAN2）The BERTHING INSTRUCTIONS will be obtained from ________．A．the agent at the loading portB．discharge port authorityC．further instructions to follow shortlyD．the radio station OAS at San Juan3）On and off hire surveys should be carried out ________．A．in accordance with the charter-partyB．as per further instructionsC．by the cargo officer on boardD．48 hours prior to arrival at the loading port4）According to this fixture，________．A．the vessel is not liable for the expenses of loading and dischargingB．the cargo will be discharged at San NicolasC．the freight of this voyage is likely to be charged as per measurement tonnage of the cargoD．the canceling date of this fixture is 16 Oct．5、 A Passenger Ship Safety Certificate shall be issued for a period not exceeding 12 months．A Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate，Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate and Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate shall be issued for a period specified by the Administration which shall not exceed five years．An Exemption Certificate shall not be valid for longer than the period of the certificate to which it refers．（i）When the renewal survey is completed within three months before the expiry date of the existing certificate，the new certificate shall be valid from the date of completion of the renewal survey to：（1）for a passenger ship，a date not exceeding 12 months from the date of expiry of the existing certificate；（2）for a cargo ship，a date not exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the existing certificate；（ii）When the renewal survey is completed after the expiry date of the existing certificate，the new certificate shall be valid from the date of completion of the renewal survey to：（1）for a passenger ship，a date not exceeding 12 months from the date of expiry of the existing certificate；（2）for a cargo ship，a date not exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the existing certificate；（iii）when the renewal survey is completed more than three months before the expiry date of the existing certificate，the new certificate shall be valid from the date of completion of the renewal survey to：（1）for a passenger ship，a date not exceeding 12 months from the date of completion of the renewal survey；（2）for a cargo ship，a date not exceeding five years from the date of completion of the renewal survey．1）The valid period of an Exemption Certificate for Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate shall be ________．A．longer than five years B．shorter than five yearsC．longer than 12 months D．shorter than 12 months2）When the renewal survey is completed within one month before the expiry date of the existing Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate，the new certificate shall be valid ________．A．from the date of completion of the renewal survey to a date not exceeding 12 months from the date of expiry of the existing certificateB．from the date of completion of the renewal survey to a date not exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the existing certificateC．from the date of expiry of the existing certificate to a date not exceeding12 months from the dateD．from the date of expiry of the existing certificate to a date not exceeding five years from the date3）When the renewal survey is completed on a date which is 99 days before the expiry date of the existing Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate，the new certificate shall be valid ________．A．from the date of completion of the renewal survey to a date not exceeding 12 months from the date of expiry of the existing certificateB．from the date of completion of the renewal survey to a date not exceeding five years from the date of expiry of the existing certificateC．from the date of expiry of the existing certificate to a date not exceeding12 months from the dateD．from the date of completion of the renewal survey to a date not exceeding five years from that date4）It can be concluded that the actual period of validity of a new Passenger Ship Safety Certificate is less than 12months if the renewal survey is completed ________．A．4 months before its expiry dateB．3 months before its expiry dateC．2 months before its expiry dateD．after its expiry date6、An aircraft lift on board RFA Argus was loaded beyond its safe working load of 18.4 tonnes．There were no injuries to any personnel，or material damage to the ship or its equipment．During a planned stay in port，500compressed CO2cylinders were required to be landed．These were normally stowed on a lower deck and needed to be transferred to the weather deck before being taken ashore．Before the vessel's arrival in port，the planned operation was discussed between various officers and senior ratings，one of whom was to supervise final discharge of the cylinders from the ship．Once in port，a senior rating gave instructions to three juniors to transfer a number of cylinders to the weather deck．He then left them alone to load the cylinders onto the platform of an aircraft lift．The cylinders weighed 19.95 tonnes，which was greater than they had been instructed to load．In addition to this excess weight they added a fork lift truck weighing 5.5 tonnes．The lift was then raised．When it reached the weather deck，the lift was unable to stow at the correct level．When investigated it was discovered that the load of both CO2 bottles and the fork lift truck was greater than its safe working load（SWL）and this had prevented the locking cleats at the flight deck（weather deck）engaging．The lift was taken out of service for testing and inspection．1）The safe working load of the aircraft lift is ________ tonnes．A．18.4B．19.95C．5.5D．5002）The aircraft lift was overloaded by a weight which is ________ more than its SWL A．1.55B．3.95C．5.5D．7.053）It was the ________ that had prevented the locking cleats at the flight deck （weather deck）engaging．A．fork liftbottlesB．CO2C．overloaded weightD．the three juniors4）It is implied in the passage that ________．A．the lift should be raised slowly to avoid the accidentB．the aircraft lift on board RFA Argus should be driven by super powerC．the senior rating should give instructions in more detail to the three juniors to transfer a number of cylinders to the weather deckD．if the unloading operation was supervised by an officer who has sufficient experience of the loads，lifting equipment and the overall operation，the accident would had been avoided7、Coastal conditionsThe area described in the volume presents the mariner with a generally adverse combination of navigational factors which are outline below．Local Topography．The Dover Strait is shallow and only is 18miles wide at its narrowest point．Passage through the strait is further constricted by a series of narrow banks，running NE-SW．The seabed is also littered with wrecks．Natural Conditions．There are strong tidal streams in the strait．Sea level may differ from that predicted and in particular may be lower than expected due to negative tidal surges．The area is also subject to gales and poor visibility．Risk of Collision．There is a high risk of collision caused by the density of vessel traffic on passage through the strait，including deep-draught vessels，and crossing traffic，including ferries and high speed craft．Mine danger areaThere are two areas off the N coast of France，which remain dangerous because of mines lied in the war of 1939-1945．Due to the lapse of time the risk to surface navigation is now considered to be no more dangerous than that the ordinary risks of navigation but a very real risk still exists with regard to anchoring，fishing or any form submarine or seabed activity．1）The crossing traffic in the Dover Strait is probably running ________．A．NE-SWB．SE-NWC．N-SD．E-W2）According to the passage，the risk of collision in the Dover Strait is caused by ________．A．gales and poor visibilityB．a series of narrow banksC．the density of vessel traffic on passage through the strait and crossing trafficD．a generally adverse combination of navigational factors3）It is inferred that ________．A．although the tidal streams in Dover Strait is strong，there were few ships sunk in it B．most of the wrecks in Dover Strait were deep-draught vessels，ferries and high speed craftC．the wrecks are not dangers to surface navigationD．there were many ships sunk in Dover Strait4）It is implied in the passage that ________．A．mine is not a danger to surface navigation in Dover StraitB．the width of Dover Strait is not so narrowC．the natural conditions in Dover Strait are too serousD．collision with deep-draught vessels or ferries or high speed craft in Dover Strait is hardly avoidable8、The contract of carriage of GOODs by sea is usually concluded as between theshipper and the carrier，either directly or through their respective agents．Consequently，by virtue of the historic principle of privity of contract，only the shipper and the carrier have the right to take action against one another under the contract of carriage．The only clear exception to the rule was where the party having the right to sue assigned that right under a separate agreement to another party．On the other hand，when GOODs are sold（as they typically are）prior to shipment，the terms of sale generally resultin the risk in the GOODs passing from the seller（the shipper）to the buyer（the consignee or endorsee，in the case of a bill of lading，or the party entitled to take delivery under a waybill）when the GOODs cross the ship's rail in the port of loading．Therefore，although the law recognizes that the shipper alone has the right to sue the carrier in contract for subsequent cargo loss or damage occurring while the carrier had charge of the shipment，the shipper is not usually the party who actually suffers that loss．Frequently，also，depending on the terms of sale，the shipper will no longer be the owner of the GOODs at the time when the loss or damage occurs，and so will be unable to sue the carrier in tort．1）The contract of carriage of GOODs by sea is usually concluded as between ________．A．the seller and the buyerB．the shipper and the consignee or endorseeC．the carrier and the consignee or endorseeD．the shipper and the carrier2）When GOODs are sold prior to shipment the risk in the GOODs passes ________．A．from the shipper to the carrierB．from the seller to the buyerC．from the carrier to the shipperD．from the buyer to the seller3）It is concluded ________ that only the shipper and the carrier have the right to take action against one another under the contract of carriage．A．by maritime lawsB．by a mainstay of the common law in particularC．by virtue of the historic principle of privity of contractD．by shipping practice4）When GOODs are sold prior to shipment the shipper ________．A．is not usually the party who actually suffers the subsequent lossB．is usually the party who actually suffers the subsequent lossC．will still be the owner of the GOODs at the time when the loss or damage occurs D．will be responsible for the loss of or damage to the cargo he shipped9、The 4，426gt Swedish vessel Skagern sailed for her next port，Strood，with a draught of 5.95m．The master soon realized，however，that he would not make the tide for berthing if he proceeded to the Medway as planned，to pick up the pilot at the North East Spit．He therefore decided to change the passage plan by shortening the distance and embarking his pilot at the Sunk light vessel．The officer on watch，2/O，was told to make the necessary adjustments and lay off the new courses．The 2/O made the original plan based on waypoints calculated and entered by another officer．These had been marked on the various charts and had already been entered into the GPS navigator．When he amended the passage plan he used the GPS to calculate a new course from a waypoint off Lowestoft direct to the Sunk pilot station．In doing so，he didn't realize he had missed out a pre-programmed waypoint in the GPS for a position to the east of the East Shipwash buoy．He didn't notice that his course line intersected the 5m depth contour to the west of the East Shipwash buoy．The master did not check the amended passage plan and Skagern continued with her passage．2/O came on watch again four hours before the vessel was due to arrive at the pilot station．One hour before arrival at the Sunk 2/O prepared to embark the pilot．He saw the North Shipwash buoy and passed about three cables to the east of it．Shortly afterwards he saw two more buoys ahead of him，the East Shipwash on his port bow and the North-West Shipwash on his starboard．It did not occur to him that anything might be wrong．Shortly afterwards，Skagern ran aground at a full speed of 14 knots．He had found the Shipwash Bank．Although two tugs were dispatched from Harwich to standby，the master was able to de-ballast his vessel and refloat her successfully with the aid of the main engine．There was no pollution and there appeared to be no damage．1）To embark the pilot earlier Skagern ________．A．speeded upB．shortened the distance by adjusting the planned passageC．made the tideD．engaged trade every two weeks2）The grounding was caused by the reason of ________．A．the second officer missed a waypoint when steaming to the pilot stationB．the depth around the pilot station is 5.95m which is not sufficient to allow the vessel to keep always afloatC．the GPS had something wrong when calculating the courseD．the vessel did not make the tide due to her late arrival3）The vessel was refloated ________．A．with the aid of reverting her main engine and pressing up slack ballast tanks B．herself by pumping out some of her ballast and the aid of her main engine C．with the aid of her main engine and the two tugs from HarwichD．with the aid of tide and tugs4）The lessen of this accident is that ________．A．without proper planning of the ballasting and de-ballasting programme the vessel is likely to be involved in such accident as groundingB．a vessel should be well prepared for grounding when proceeding toward pilot stationC．when grounded，a vessel should try to contact the nearest coast station to apply for the aid of tugsD．in this age of the GPS and push-button navigation，it is all too easy to be lulled into a false sense of security and assume the position indicated is correct10、The Company should establish a safety and environmental protection policy which describes how the objectives will be achieved．The Company should ensure that the policy is implemented and maintained at all levels of the organization both ship based as well as shore based．If the entity who is responsible for the operation of the ship is other than the owner，the owner must report the full name and details of such entity to the Administration．The Company should define and document the responsibility，authority and interrelation of all personnel who manage，perform and verify work relating to and affecting safety and pollution prevention．The Company is responsible for ensuring that adequate resources and shore based support are provided to enable the designated person or persons to carry out their functions．To ensure the safe operation of each ship and to provide a link between the company and those on board，every company，as appropriate，should designate a person or persons ashore having direct access to the highest level of management．The responsibility and authority of the designated person or persons should include monitoring the safety and pollution prevention aspects of the operation of each ship and to ensure that adequate resources and shore based support are applied，as required．The Company should clearly define and document the master's responsibility with regard to：implementing the safety and environmental protection policy of the Company；motivating the crew in the observation of that policy；issuing appropriate orders and instructions in a clear and simple manner；verifying that specified requirements are observed；and reviewing the SMS and reporting its deficiencies to the shore based management．The Company should ensure that the SMS operating on board the ship contains a clear statement emphasizing the Master's authority．The Company should establish in the SMS that the master has the overriding authority and the responsibility to make decisions with respect to safety and pollution prevention and to request the Company's assistance as may be necessary．1）The Company should ensure that the policy is implemented and maintained at all levels of the organization both ship based as well as shore based．The ORGANIZATION refers to ________．A．IMOB．SMSC．the AdministrationD．the construction of the Company2）The overriding authority and the responsibility to make decisions with respect to safety and pollution prevention is on the part of ________．A．the highest level of management of the CompanyB．DPC．the master of the shipD．the owner or the entity who is responsible for the operation of the ship3）________ are/is not the master's responsibility defined and documented by the Company．A．reviewing the SMS and reporting its deficiencies to the shore based management B．motivating the crew in the observation of the safety and environmental protection policy of the CompanyC．issuing appropriate orders and instructions in a clear and simple manner and verifying that specified requirements are observedD．providing a link between the company and those on board4）This passage is probably extracted from ________．A．IMDG Code B．ISM CodeC．SOLAS D．Marpol11、The tug Vegesack was towing a barge engaged in“stone-fishing”in the vicinity of the Beach End buoy in Harwich Channel．Tug and tow were part of a dredging programme．During the dredging contract，the practice was for the dredging craft，Vegesack，to nominate the passing side for vessels．The barge was difficult to control in tidal and traffic conditions，and the master needed to exercise considerable skill and anticipation，as well as having to liaise closely with VTS and passing vessels．The German master had been issued with a pilotage exemption certificate and had been operating in the channel for nearly two months before the incident．The ferry Dana Anglia was outbound from Harwich in daylight and GOOD visibility．When she was close to North Shelf buoy，VTS called Vegesack and agreed that Vegesack，who was in the middle of the channel，would move to the north side．This would enable both Dana Anglia and Bencomo，an inbound vessel currently passing No5 buoy，to pass to the south．VTS gave this passing information to the two vessels．While passing Platters buoy，Bencomo called Vegesack，requesting her to move to the north．Vegesack said she was going to move to the Harwich（or south）side，and instructed Bencomo to pass to the north．VTS then intervened and confirmed with Vegesack that she wanted both vessels to pass to the north．At this time，Dana Anglia was approaching North West Beach buoy and could see Vegesack heading south，in。

timing的学习计划是啥意思IntroductionTime management is an important skill to master in order to achieve success in both professional and personal aspects of life. With the advancement of technology, there are various tools and techniques available to improve one's time management skills. In this study plan, we will explore the concept of timing and outline a comprehensive plan to enhance our understanding and application of time management principles.Understanding TimingTo begin with, it is essential to have a clear understanding of what timing is all about. Timing refers to the ability to allocate and prioritize tasks and activities in a way that maximizes productivity and efficiency. It involves recognizing the importance of managing time effectively and making the most of the limited hours in a day.Components of Effective TimingThere are several components that contribute to effective timing, including goal setting, prioritization, task management, and delegation. Setting clear and achievable goals helps in aligning priorities and making informed decisions about how to spend time. Prioritizing tasks based on urgency and importance ensures that crucial activities receive the necessary attention. Managing tasks efficiently and effectively is crucial in avoiding wastage of time. Delegating tasks to others can also be an effective strategy in optimizing time management. The Importance of TimingThe significance of timing cannot be overstated. Effective time management leads to increased productivity, reduced stress, enhanced work-life balance, and improved overall well-being. It allows individuals to focus on important tasks and accomplish goals in a timely manner. Moreover, the ability to manage time effectively is a valuable skill that is highly sought after in the professional world.Learning ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study plan is to enhance our understanding of timing and develop effective time management skills. The specific learning objectives include:1. Understanding the principles of effective time management2. Identifying common time wasters and strategies to overcome them3. Exploring various tools and techniques for managing time4. Developing a personalized time management plan5. Implementing the time management plan and evaluating its effectivenessStudy PlanWeek 1-2: Understanding Time Management PrinciplesDuring the first two weeks, we will focus on understanding the principles of effective time management. This will involve reading relevant literature, attending webinars, and engaging in discussions to gain insights into the importance of time management and its impact on productivity.Week 3-4: Identifying Time Wasters and Strategies to Overcome ThemIn the following two weeks, we will explore common time wasters and develop strategies to overcome them. This will include identifying personal time wasters and brainstorming solutions to eliminate or minimize their impact on productivity.Week 5-6: Exploring Time Management Tools and TechniquesThe next phase of the study plan will involve researching and experimenting with various time management tools and techniques. This may include using digital calendars, to-do lists, and other apps to organize tasks and schedules.Week 7-8: Developing a Personalized Time Management PlanIn this phase, we will take into consideration the insights gained from the previous weeks and develop a personalized time management plan. This plan will be tailored to individual needs and preferences, taking into account specific goals and priorities.Week 9-10: Implementing and Evaluating the Time Management PlanThe final two weeks will be dedicated to implementing the personalized time management plan and evaluating its effectiveness. This will involve tracking progress, making adjustments as necessary, and reflecting on the overall impact of improved timing on productivity and well-being.ConclusionIn conclusion, effective timing is a crucial aspect of achieving success in both personal and professional endeavors. This study plan aims to enhance our understanding of timing and develop practical time management skills. By exploring the principles of time management, identifying time wasters, exploring tools and techniques, and developing a personalized time management plan, we aim to optimize our use of time and improve overall productivity.。

权力的48条法则1. Never Outshine the Master 做人要低调2. Never put too Much Trust in Friends, Learn how to use Enemies 不要太信任朋友，要利用敌人3. Conceal your Intentions 隐藏好你的意图4. Always Say Less than Necessary 不多话5. So Much Depends on Reputation –Guard it with your Life 赢得好名声——用一生守护它6. Court Attention at all Cost 不惜一切赢得关注7. Get others to do the Work for you, but Always Take the Credit 让别人帮你做事，自己得到声誉8. Make other People come to you –use Bait if Necessary 让别人来找你——必要的时候用诱饵9. Win through your Actions, Never through Argument 用行动而不是争吵来获胜10. Infection: Avoid the Unhappy and Unlucky会传染，得避开不快和不幸的人11. Learn to Keep People Dependent on You 学会让人依靠你12. Use Selective Honesty and Generosity to Disarm your Victim 用有选择的诚实和大方来缓和与你受害者的矛盾13. When Asking for Help, Appeal People’s Self-Interest, Never to their Mercy or Gratitude 寻求帮助时，迎合他人自己的兴趣而不是他们的仁慈和感激14. Pose as a Friend, Work as a Spy 以朋友的姿态像间谍一样地工作15. Crush your Enemy Totally 打击敌人不遗余力16. Use Absence to Increase Respect and Honor 利用缺席提升地位和名气17. Keep Others in Suspended Terror: Cultivate an Air of Unpredictability 让别人陷入不知名的恐惧中，让你周围的空气充满未知性18. Do Not Build Fortresses to Protect Yourself –Isolation is Dangerous 不要用围城保护自己——隔离是危险的19. Know Who You’re Dealing with –Do Not Offend the Wrong Person 知道你正在对付的人是谁——不要得罪错了人20. Do Not Commit to Anyone 不要向任何人承诺21. Play a Sucker to Catch a Sucker –Seem Dumber than your Mark 扮猪吃猪——巧妙掩饰你的智慧（自认为翻得好玩的一句）22. Use the Surrender Tactic: Transform Weakness into Power 使用投降策略：把弱点转化为优点23. Concentrate Your Forces 集中火力24. Play the Perfect Courtier 溜须拍马25. Re-Create Yourself 重塑自己26. Keep Your Hands Clean 保持双手干净（身家清白）27. Play on People’s Need to Believe to Create a Cult like Following 满足群众需求以培养一群信徒28. Enter Action with Boldness 大胆地行动29. Plan All the Way to the End 预先想好所有的方法30. Make your Accomplishments Seem Effortless 让你的成功看起来毫不费力31. Control the Options: Get Others to Play with the Cards you Deal 控制选择：让别人打出你想要的牌32. Play to People’s Fantasies 满足人们的幻想33. Discover Each Man’s Thumbscrew 找出每个人的死穴34. Be Royal in your Own Fashion: Act like a King to be treated like one 忠于自己的风格：你当自己是个人物，别人也当你是个人物35. Master the Art of Timing 把握时机36. Disdain Things you cannot have: Ignoring them is the best Revenge 轻视你得不到的：忽略他们是最好的报复37. Create Compelling Spectacles 做出引人注目的事迹38. Think as you like but Behave like others 想一套（你喜欢的）做一套（像别人一样的）39. Stir up Waters to Catch Fish 混水摸鱼40. Despise the Free Lunch 天下没有免费的午餐41. Avoid Stepping into a Great Man’s Shoes 不要模仿大人物42. Strike the Shepherd and the Sheep will Scatter 打败领头者，跟风者将会一哄而散43. Work on the Hearts and Minds of Others 用别人的想法工作44. Disarm and Infuriate with the Mirror Effect 善于利用（消除或者激化）镜像效应45. Preach the Need for Change, but Never Reform too much at Once 鼓吹变化的需要，但切不可一次改变太多46. Never appear too Perfect 永远不要表现太完美47. Do not go Past the Mark you Aimed for; In Victory, Learn when to Stop 不要超过既定目标，面对成功，知道什么时候停步48. Assume Formlessness 无招胜有招来源：《权力的48条法则》另外一个不完整的版本：第一条永远不要比你的上司更出色。

Engineering DeptPRODUCT LINE MANAGER:Responsibility:A - Lead the Product line team:–Manage the team to improve the team knowledge and reach technical targets–Define and make apply priorities inside the team–Make the whole team apply APQP (plan review, project review, toll gates, etc…)–Generate weekly report with the teamB - Lead his own projects as a Project Engineer.–Lead the project inside TRELLEBORG group. Communicate frequently with other departments and TRELLEBORG Technical center; usemanaging tools for project: CPL data base, “to do “list, timing plan, etc…–Generate an overall timing plan for each part, including all requiredactivities (tooling, assembly process, supply parts, etc...) and ensures itsregular follow up from start of competition till hand over to production –Manage all planned activities by assuring the respect of technicalperformance, timing, costs, and quality level–Follow TQS during the project life; identify and put in place actions plan to restore expected margin–Prepare and execute tollgates sign-off–Participate in all technical meetings with customers–Manage productivity actions like continuous improvement plan (CIP3)–Comply with and participate to the entire request of the company for quality and environmental managementRequirement:–English speaking–Engineer–Management capabilities–Between 5 to 10 years of automotive project management background–Technical knowledge: rubber, mechanical. Knowledge about thermoplastic and steel would be appreciatedPRODUCT ENGINEERResponsibility:–Lead the project inside TRELLEBORG group. Communicate frequently with other departments and TRELLEBORG Technical center; use managing tools for project: CPL data base, “to do “list, timing plan, etc…– Generate an overall timing plan for each part, including all required activities (tooling, assembly process, supply parts, etc...) and ensures its regular follow up from start of competition till hand over to production– Manage all planned activities by assuring the respect of technical performance, timing, costs, and quality level–Follow TQS during the project life; identify and put in place actions plan to restore expected margin– Prepare and execute tollgates sign-off- Participate in all technical meetings with customers– Manage productivity actions like continuous improvement plan (CIP3)–Comply with and participate to the entire request of the company for quality and environmental managementRequirement:- English speaking- Engineer- Between 2 to 5 years of automotive project management background-Technical knowledge: rubber, mechanical. Knowledge about thermoplastic and steel would be appreciatedDESIGNER:Responsibility:1. Responsible for product design and injection mold design. Follow-up moldmanufacture process, mold trial and improvement.2. Participate to APQP activities for product design and mold optimization3. Participate to CIP3 activities, production support. Comply with the entire request ofcompany for quality and environmental management.4. Support project engineer to design testing fixture. Loading board and unloading board.5. Support production to improve rubber mold issues.Requirement:- English reading- 3D software experience (UG, Catia, Ideas)-Technical knowledge: mechanic and mold designPROCESS MANAGERRequirementLead and manage process and prototype team (~ 8 persons)1 - Responsible for the definition, installation and start up of process :timing plan,cell design and lay out according production capacity need,PFMEA,machines specification,process parameters,process documents,Run at Rate,Machine cost,quality, security, and environment,Main processes are :Chemical and surface treatmentBounding depositMolding assembly2- Make the whole project team apply APQP flow chart3 – participate to continuous improvement for productivity and quality4 - support production team for process technical aspects5 - responsible for preparing samples of new products6 - comply with and participate to the entire request of the company for quality and environmental management7 - responsible for Engineering team CIP38 - responsible for Plant layoutRequirement:English speakingEngineerManagement capabilitiesFamiliar with automotive proceduresBetween 5 to 10 years of mechanical and or process backgroundTechnical knowledge: rubber, mechanical and chemical treatment for metal parts, assembly processMaintenance knowledge would be appreciatedPROCESS ENGINEERResponsibility:1, Conduct project assignments to develop new tooling, modifications and alterations of existing tooling, jigs, fixtures, mechanisms and attachments used in the manufacture of Company products.2, Develop new process parameters and continue to improve existing process.3, Conduct manufacturing/Assembly methods studies and prepare for process document.4,Cell design and layout according production capacity. As assigned.5,Others required by APQP procedure such as FMEA , as assigned.6,Machines specification , as assigned.7,Training and instruct prototype employees for new projects sample preparation as assigned.8,Support production team for process technical aspect and train operators9,Assist manager on CIP3 project, as assigned.10, Others assigned by manager.Requirement:English speakingFamiliar with automotive proceduresTechnical knowledge: rubber, mechanical and chemical treatment for metal parts, assembly processMaintenance knowledge would be appreciatedResponsibility:Lead and Manage the Material team:1 - Manage the team to improve the team knowledge. Define and make apply priorities inside the team2 – responsible for WUXI recipe:-- For local products, define and valid recipe including mixing process parameters and material properties-- For localized parts, copy recipe coming from other TC and valid process parameters and material properties-- For exported parts, define with other TC recipe during development phase , valid process parameters and material properties during industrialization phase.3 – responsible for coating:- Internal phosphate line- Painting- subcontracted coating (ex: metal jacket, zinc nickel,…)4 – Responsible for mixing process parameters. Define and validate optimized process parameters.5 - responsible for bonding system:Define chemical system and valid process parameters for bounding system6 –Support Quality department and Production team for quality issues due to recipe, mixing, coating and bonding system7 – Participate to continuous improvement for productivity8 – responsible for preparing compound for new products9 – Material correspondent with Europe and US for Material topics10 – Support environmental managementRequirement:- English speaking- Engineer- Management capabilities- Good knowledge of rubber, mixing, coating and bounding system- Between 5 to 10 years of rubber background as Material EngineerResponsibility:1 – responsible for recipe:-- For local products, define and valid recipe including mixing process parameters and material properties-- For localized parts, copy recipe coming from other TC and valid process parameters and material properties-- For exported parts, define with other TC recipe during phase 1 and 2, valid process parameters and material properties during phase 32 – Responsible for mixing process parameters. Define and validate optimized process parameters.3 - responsible for bonding system:Define chemical system and valid process parameters for bounding system4 –Support Quality department and Production team for quality issues due to recipe, mixing, coating and bonding system5 – Participate to continuous improvement for productivity6 – responsible for preparing compound for new productsRequirement:- English speaking- Engineer- knowledge of rubber, mixing, coating and bounding systemENGINEERING COORDINATION MANAGER (APQP MANAGER)工程协调经理Responsibility:Lead and Manage the APQP team:1 - Coach the team to improve the team knowledge. Define and make apply priorities inside the team2 – Make the whole project team apply APQP flow chart3 – Identify with Project Managers main risks for projects. Manage risk reduction plans4 – Check and support up-dating of main APQP documents: CPL, timing plan, action plans, toll gates, …5 – Support FMEA and PFMEA6 – APQP correspondent with Europe and US for parts developed with others TC as well as internal activities7 – responsible for prototype quality control plan and support prototype quality. Insure parts are order by customer or other TRELLEBORG companies8 –support Product Line Manager for weekly reporting9 – support Engineering Director for monthly reporting10 – Archive managementRequirement:- English speaking- Engineer- Management capabilities- Good knowledge of automotive procedures- Between 5 to 10 years of quality and/or project management backgroundEngineering Coordinator (APQP ENGINEER)Responsibility:1 – Make the whole project team apply APQP flow chart2 – Identify with Project Managers main risks for projects. Manage risk reduction plans3 – Check and support up-dating of main APQP documents: CPL, timing plan, action plans, toll gates, …4 – Support FMEA and PFMEA5 – For parts developed with TC, correspond with Europe and US6 – responsible for prototype quality control plan and support prototype quality. Insure parts are order by customer or other TRELLEBORG companies8 –support Product Line Manager for weekly reporting9 – Archive management and distributeRequirement:- English speaking- Engineer- Good knowledge of automotive procedures- Between 2 to 5 years of quality and/or project management background.LAB SUPERVISORRESPONSIBILITY:1. Manage the testing team to improve measures2. Help the testing team to improve measures3. Check frequently the accuracy of testing machines. Participate to the maintenanceand calibration of the testing machines.4. Check testing jigs design5. Check and accept all the new testing equipment including on line testing equipments6. Manage the testing orders7. Perform lab management according to standard lab procedure8. Support production parts daily checkingREQUIREMENT:EngineerManagement skillWell organized and sensitive to accuracyMechanical backgroundExperience in laboratoryLABORATORY TECHNICIAN:RESPONSIBILITY:1 –Measure and test metal, rubber and finished products (static, dynamic, creeping, fatigue, …)2 –Generate data’s repor t3 – Generate measurement work instructions4 – Do the Commissioning for testing jigs5 – Helps the testing team to improve measures, procedures end organization6 –Participate to the maintenance and calibration of the testing machines. Check frequently the accuracy of testing machines.REQUIREMENT:- College or junior university- 2 to 5 years of testing background- English speakingLABORATORY TECHNICIAN: 3D operatorRESPONSIBILITY:1 – 3D measurements for metal, rubber and finished products2 –Generate data’s report3 – Responsible for the maintenance and calibration of the 3D machine4 – Helps the testing team to measure and characterize all parts (static, dynamic, creeping, fatigue …)REQUIREMENT:- College or junior university- 2 to 5 years of 3D measurement background- English speakingCOST ESTIMATERESPONSIBILITY:1. Define new product process2. Study Molding Cell and production capacity3. Quote product cost thanks to Trelleborg Quotation Sheet4. For new production, analyze real cost, update TQS and define action plan forproductivity5. Quote mixing compound with purchasing department6. Analyze cost impact for Engineering change and VA/VEREQUIREMENT:Good experience for compound processSensitive to cost calculationENGINEERING DIRECTORRESPONSIBILITY：1 – Organize Engineering Department to develop new programs2 – Provide equipments to the Engineering team3 – Participate to strategic decision for new programs4 – Support purchasing, production and quality departments for technical aspects5 –Make proposal and participate to the decision for new investments for the plant according to new programs and production capacity6 – responsible for safety aspect for Engineering team7 – Responsible for cost aspects for new programs: TQS, investments, cycle time REQUIREMENT:English speakingManagement experience and skillMinimum 5 to 10 years experience in project managementGood knowledge of rubber and automotiveInternational experience is needed to work with other Technical Centers.。

timing改变学习计划IntroductionIn the fast-paced and ever-evolving world of education, it is important for students to be adaptable and flexible in their study plans. One aspect that can greatly impact a student's ability to learn and succeed is timing. Whether it be the timing of when to study, how long to study for, or when to take breaks, timing plays a crucial role in shaping a student's study plan.In this article, we will explore the various ways in which timing can impact a student's study plan and discuss strategies for optimizing timing to enhance learning and academic success. The impact of timing on study plansTiming can have a profound impact on a student's ability to learn and retain information. Studies have shown that the timing of when students study can affect their ability to recall information. For example, research has found that studying before bed can improve memory retention, as the brain consolidates and stores information during sleep. Additionally, the timing of study sessions can also impact a student's focus and concentration. For instance, some students may find it more beneficial to study in shorter, focused bursts, while others may prefer longer study sessions with regular breaks. Understanding and harnessing the power of timing can help students maximize their learning potential and improve their study habits.Furthermore, timing also plays a crucial role in scheduling and planning for exams and assessments. Students must carefully plan and allocate their study time to ensure that they cover all necessary material and have enough time to review and revise before exams. Effective time management and strategic timing are essential components of a successful study plan.Strategies for optimizing timing in study plansNow that we understand the importance of timing in study plans, let's explore some strategies for optimizing timing to enhance learning and academic success.1. Identify your peak learning timesEvery student has periods during the day when they are most alert and focused. It is important to identify these peak learning times and schedule study sessions during these periods. Some students may find that they are more productive in the morning, while others may prefer to study in the evening. By aligning study sessions with one's peak learning times, students can maximize their ability to absorb and retain information.2. Take regular breaksIt is important for students to take regular breaks during study sessions to rest and recharge their minds. Studies have shown that taking short breaks during study sessions can improve focus and productivity. The Pomodoro Technique, for example, recommends studying for 25 minutes followed by a 5-minute break. By incorporating regular breaks into their study plan, students can maintain their concentration and prevent burnout.3. Create a study scheduleEffective time management is essential for successful study plans. Students should create a study schedule that outlines when and what subjects or topics they will study each day. This can help students stay organized, prioritize their study time, and ensure that they cover all necessary material before exams.4. Use spaced repetitionSpaced repetition is a learning technique that involves reviewing information at increasing intervals over time. This method has been found to improve long-term retention and recall of information. By incorporating spaced repetition into their study plan, students can reinforce their learning and better retain information for exams and assessments.5. Utilize technologyTechnology can be a valuable tool for optimizing timing in study plans. There are numerous apps and tools available that can help students track and manage their study time, set reminders for study sessions, and create digital flashcards for spaced repetition. By leveraging technology, students can streamline their study routines and make the most of their study time.6. Adapt to changes in routineFlexibility is key when it comes to timing in study plans. Students should be prepared to adapt their study routines to accommodate changes in their schedules or unexpected events. This may involve adjusting study times, reorganizing study sessions, or finding alternative study environments. By remaining adaptable, students can ensure that timing changes do not disrupt their study plans.ConclusionIn conclusion, timing plays a critical role in shaping a student's study plan. By understanding the impact of timing on learning and implementing strategies to optimize timing, students can enhance their study habits and improve their academic performance. It is important for students to identify their peak learning times, take regular breaks, create a study schedule, utilize spaced repetition, leverage technology, and remain flexible in their study routines in order to make the most of their study time.Ultimately, by effectively managing timing in their study plans, students can maximize their learning potential and achieve academic success.。

美特尔金属制品股份有限公司QP_F074_00项目Program：进度 Progress in %计划开始日期plan start date实际开始日期Actual Start Date计划完成日期plan finish date实际完成日期Actual finishDate204060801001.1客户要求确认Customer Needs Confirm 图纸、技术文件、特殊要求、项目信息等Drawing,Technicial doc,specialrequirement, program information ect. 销售负责人Sales Responsible 1.2项目启动会议Program kick off meeting 会议纪要Meeting Minutes销售负责人Sales Responsible 1.3设定开发目标Setup develop goal质量目标、成本目标、产能要求、OTS 目标和MR目标Quality Goal,Cost Goal, Capability Requirements, OTS Goal& MR Goal 销售负责人Sales Responsible 1.4建立CFT小组和APQP活动计划Setup CFT Team & APQP activity PlanCFT小组名单，APQP计划表CFT Team member,APQP Plan Sheet 项目经理Program Manager 1.5开发可行性评估Develop Feasibility Assessment 新产品开发可行性评估报告New Products develop feasibility assessment reportCFT1.6 可行性总结Feasibility Summary小组可行性承诺Team Feasibility Commitment CFT1.7 产品特殊特性辨识special characteristics identify 特殊特性清单special characteristics list 产品工程Product Engineering 1.8建立初始BOM Setup Originial BOMBOM表BOM产品工程Product Engineering 1.9 初步设定制造工艺流程Create manufactoring process flow 工艺流程图Process Flow Chart 产品工程Product Engineering 1.10 明确分供方Ensure sub-supplier分供方清单Sub-supplier list采购，资材Purchasing,Material 1.11 建立分供方APQP活动计划Create APQP计划表APQP Plan Sheet 质量Quality 1.12 产品保证计划Product warranty plan产品保证计划Product warranty plan 产品工程Product Engineering 1.13 阶段评审Phase Review阶段评审表Phase Review Record项目经理Program Manager2.1 设计FMEADesign FMEAN/A N/A 2.2 制造和装配设计Design for manufacturing &assembly N/A N/A 2.3 设计验证Design verificationN/A N/A 2.4 设计审查Design reviewN/A N/A2.5设定新制工装、夹具、治具清单Create new process method,fixture,tooling list 新增设备、仪器、工装、模具清单New equipment,instrument，fixture, tooling list模具工程，产品工程，质量Tooling Engineering,Product Engineering&Quality2.6制定工装、夹具、治具开发计划Work out fixture,Jia,Tooling Plan 甘特图Gantt chart模具工程，产品工程、质量2.7样件生产材料购买计划及实施Sample material purchasing Plan&Perform采购申请单（PR）采购，资材2.8制定样件生产的工艺流程Sample production process flow 工艺流程图Process Flow Chart 产品工程Product Engineering 2.9样件生产工艺流程评审Sample Process Fow Review 工艺流程评审表Process Flow Review Form CFT 2.10制定样件生产控制计划Sample production control Plan 控制计划表Control Plan Form 质量 Quality 2.11 样件生产控制计划评审Control Plan Review控制计划评审表Control Plan Review FormCFT 2.12 样件生产计划制定与实施FA Production Plan&Perform 试模/试生产申请单Trail run request CFT2.13样件提交FA sample Submission 客户反馈意见Customer feedback &suggestion 销售负责人 Sales 2.14样件生产总结FA Trail Run Summary 试模/试生产报告，FA报告Trail Run Report,FA Report CFT 2.15 可行性总结Feasibility Summary 小组可行性承诺Team Feasibility Commitment CFT2.16 阶段评审Phase Review 阶段评审表Phase Review Record 项目经理 Program Manager3.1包装标准Packaging standards产品包装标准Product packaging standards产品工程Product Engineering 3.2产品/过程质量体系Product/process quality system 产品/过程质量体系检查表Product/process quality system checklist 质量Quality3.3制定试生产工艺流程Trail Run Process Flow 工艺流程图Process Flow Chart产品工程Product Engineering 3.4试生产工艺流程评审Trail Run Process Flow Review 工艺流程评审表Process Flow Review CFT3.5规划试生产场地及物流动线Trail Run Plant& logistics flow 场地平面布置图Plant Layout产品工程Product Engineering 3.6 试生产场地规划及物流动线设定评审Plant layut and logistics flow 场地平面布置图评审表Plant Layout ReviewCFT3.7 特性矩阵图Characteristics matrix产品过程特性矩阵图Product process characteristic matrix 产品工程Product Engineering 3.8 制定PFMEA Work out PFMEA PFMEA产品工程Product Engineering 3.9 PFMEA评审PFMEA Review PFMEA评审表 PFMEA Review Form CFT 3.10 制定试生产控制计划Work out trail run CP Plan 控制计划表Contorl Plan(CP) Sheet 质量Quality 3.11 试生产控制计划评审Trail Run CP Review控制计划评审表CP ReviewCFT3.12 制定试生产材料购买计划及实施Material purchasing Plan&Perform 采购申请单（PR） 采购，资材Purchasing,Material3.13 编制试生产SOPWork out production SOP 作业指导书SOP 产品工程Product Engineering 3.14 编制试生产SIPWork out production SIP 标准检验规范SIP 质量Quality3.15 编制包装作业指导Work out Packaging SOP包装说明书PI产品工程Product Engineering 3.16 包装认定Packaging Determine 包装方案评审Packaging method Review CFT 3.17 材料性能及表面处理性能测试计划Material properties and surface treatment performance test Plan 测试计划表Test Plan Sheet质量Quality 3.18 测量系统分析计划MSA Plan 测量系统分析计划表MSA Plan Sheet 质量Quality 3.19 初始过程能力研究计划Original Process Capability Study 初始过程能力研究计划表Original Process Capability Study Plan 质量Quality3.20 阶段评审Phase Review 阶段评审表Phase Review Record 项目经理Program Manager4.1 试生产计划制定与实施Trail Run Plan and Perform 试模/试生产申请单Trail Run Request FormCFT 4.2 试生产总结Trail Run Summary试模/试生产报告，FA报告Trail Run Report,FA ReportCFT 4.3 测量系统分析结果 MSA 测量系统分析报告MSA Report 质量Quality 4.4初始过程能力研究结果Original process capability study Result初始过程能力研究报告Original process capability report 质量Quality 4.5设备能力研究结果Equipment capacity study results 设备能力研究结果报告CMK Equipment capacity study results 设备维护Equipment maintenance 4.6材料性能及表面处理性能测试结果Material properties and surface 材料性能及表面处理性能报告Material properties and surface treatment performance test Report质量Quality4.7分供方PPAP（PSW）批准Sub-Supplier PPAP(PSW)Approval 供应商PPAP提交/PSW文件签署Supplier PPAP Submission/PSW Approval 质量、产品工程Quality & Product Engineering 4.8固化批量生产用文件Formal mass productionprocedure 场地布局及物流动线图、工艺流程、控制计划、SOP、SIP、PI、BOM Plant Layout, process Flow, Control Plan,SOP,SIP,PI,BOMCFT4.9 产品质量策划总结和认定Product Quality Summary 产品质量策划总结和认定报告Product Quality Summary Report 质量Quality 4.10 PPAP提交PPAP Submission PSW批准文件PSW Approval Doc质量Quality4.11阶段评审Phase Review 阶段评审表Phase Review Record 项目经理Program Manager5.1 减少变差Reduce variation控制图Control chart质量Quality5.2 客户满意度调查Customer Satisfaction Survey 客户满意度调查表Customer Satisfaction Survey Form 客服Customer service5.3 交付Delivery产品交付绩效KPIProduct delivery KPI performance客服Customer service5.F e e d b a c k , A s s e s s m e n t a n d C o r r e c t i v e A c t i o n 反馈、评估和纠正措施顾客Client ：产品描述Part description：递交日期 PPAP date ：项目组长 Project leader：批量生产日期SOP date：Rev00项目阶段Project Stage策划内容Planning Content 见证资料Evidence Data 开始日期 Start Date2.P r o d u c t D e s i g n & D e v e l o p m e n t 产品设计和开发3.P r o c e s s D e s i g n a n d D e v e l o p m e n t 过程设计和开发完成日期 Finish dateRESPONSIBLE责任人4.r o d u c t a n d P r o c e s s V a l i d a t i o n 产品和过程验证Remark 备注1.P l a n a n d D e f i n e P r o g r a m 计划和定义项目Metal Component Engineering Ltd.APQP 计划进度表(汽车件)APQP Timing Plan Sheet(Automotive）供方Vendor：产品编号 Part number ：版本Revision number：。

生产计划专业术语英语English:Production plan: A production plan is a detailed outline of the processes and resources required to manufacture a product or deliver a service. It includes scheduling, resource allocation, and quality control measures to ensure that production targets are met within the designated timeline. The production plan takes into consideration factors such as demand forecasting, inventory management, and capacity planning to optimize production efficiency and minimize costs. It also involves identifying potential risks and developing contingency plans to mitigate any disruptions to the production process.Material requirement planning (MRP): Material requirement planning is a system used to manage the scheduling and procurement of raw materials and components needed for production. It involves forecasting demand, determining the optimal inventory levels, and creating purchasing schedules to ensure that the necessary materials are available when needed. MRP helps to prevent stockouts andoverstock situations, thereby reducing inventory holding costs and improving production efficiency.Master production schedule (MPS): The master production schedule is a detailed plan that specifies the quantity and timing of the products to be manufactured over a specific time period. It takes into consideration factors such as customer demand, production capacity, and inventory levels to create a feasible and efficient production schedule. The MPS serves as a crucial communication tool between different departments within the organization and helps to coordinate and align production activities with overall business objectives.Capacity planning: Capacity planning involves determining the optimal level of production capacity needed to meet the demand for products or services. It considers factors such as equipment availability, labor resources, and production processes to ensure that the production facilities operate at their maximum efficiency without overloading or underutilizing their resources. Effective capacity planning is essential for optimizing the use of resources and meeting production targets while minimizing costs.中文翻译:生产计划：生产计划是制造产品或提供服务所需的详细流程和资源的大纲。

1 建筑工程专业英语词汇（1）建设,建筑,修建to build, to construct 建筑学architecture 修筑,建筑物building 房子house 摩天大楼skyscraper 公寓楼block block of of of flats flats flats ((美作:apartment block) 纪念碑monument 宫殿palace 庙宇temple 皇宫,教堂basilica 大教堂cathedral 教堂church 塔,塔楼tower 十层办公大楼ten-storey office block 柱column 柱列colonnade 拱arch 市政town planning (美作:city planning) 营建许可证,建筑开工许可证building permission 绿地greenbelt 建筑物的三面图elevation 设计图plan 比例尺scale 预制to prefabricate 挖土,掘土excavation 基foundations, base, subgrade 打地基to lay the foundations 砌好的砖列course of bricks 脚手架scaffold, scaffolding 质量合格证书certification of fitness 原材料raw material 底板bottom plate 垫层cushion 侧壁sidewall 中心线center line 条形基础strip footing 附件accessories 型钢profile steel 钢板steel plate 熔渣slag 飞溅welding spatter 定位焊tacking 引弧generating of arc 建筑工程专业英语词汇（2）充水试验filling water test 错边量unfitness of butt joint 底圈foundation ring 真空度检漏vacuum degree leak test 丁字焊缝tee welding 渗透探伤oil whiting test 充水试验filling water test 内侧角焊缝接头interior interior angle angle angle welding welding welding line line joint 基础沉降foundation settlement 测量基准点datum mark 稳定性试验stability test 排气阀outlet valve 角钢angle steel 构件component part 机械损伤mechanical damage 缩孔shrinkage cavity 折迭enfoldment 碳钢管carbon steel tube 公称直径nominal diameter 预埋件embedded part 轴测图axonometric drawing 布置图arrangement diagram 氧乙炔气割oxyacetylene gas cutting 低合金钢管low alloy steel 热影响区heat affected area 修磨polish 砂轮片grinding wheel 等离子plasma panel 重皮coldlap 凹凸unevenness 缩口necking down 端面head face 倾斜偏差dip deviation 外径external diameter 砂轮grinding wheel 管件pipe casting 单线图single line drawing 平齐parallel and level 两端two terminals 满扣buckle 螺栓紧固bolton 熄弧熄弧 quenching of arc 焊道焊道 welding bead 坡口坡口 beveled edges 外观检查外观检查 visual inspection 重皮重皮 double-skin 水平方向弧度 radian in horizontal direction 成型成型 molding 直线度直线度 straightness accuracy 焊缝角变形 welding line angular distortion 水平度水平度 levelness 铅垂度铅垂度 verticality 翘曲变形翘曲变形 buckling deformation 角尺角尺 angle square 对接焊缝对接焊缝 butt weld 母材母材 parent metal 法兰密封面法兰密封面 flange sealing surface 夹层夹层 interlayer 表面锈蚀浓度 surface corrosion concentration 挠曲变挠曲变 bending deformation 超声波探伤超声波探伤 ultrasonic ultrasonic testing/ testing/ testing/ ultrasonic ultrasonic examination 压力容器压力容器 pressure vessel 预制下料预制下料 prefabrication baiting 排版直径排版直径 set-type diameter 焊缝焊缝 welding line 中幅板中幅板 center plate 测量方法测量方法 measuring method 基准点基准点 datum mark 跳焊跳焊 skip welding 允许偏差允许偏差 allowable variation 补强板补强板 stiffening plate 开孔开孔 tapping 对接接头对接接头 banjo fixing butt jointing 角钢角钢 angle iron 安装基准圆 installation fundamental circle 吊装立柱吊装立柱 hoisting upright column 焊接钢管焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 向心斜拉筋向心斜拉筋 centripetal canting pull rope 带板带板 band plate 槽钢胀圈槽钢胀圈 channel steel expansion ring 环口环口 collar extension 局部变形局部变形 local distortion 周边周边 periphery 附加应力附加应力 additional stress 同轴度同轴度 axiality 平行度平行度 parallelism 随机随机 stochastic 允许偏差允许偏差 allowable variation 重直度verticality 水平度水平度 levelness 隔离盲板隔离盲板 blind plate 氩弧焊argon arc welding 压盖螺栓压盖螺栓 gland bolt 间距间距 spacing 有效期有效期 period of validity 担任担任 take charge of undertake 焊条焊条 welding rod 碳钢焊条碳钢焊条 carbon steel 焊丝焊丝 welding wire 熔化焊熔化焊 melting 钢丝钢丝 steel wire 气体保护焊气体保护焊 gas shielded arc welding 烘干烘干 drying 清洗清洗 ablution 制度s ystem 焊接工艺焊接工艺 welding procedure 相应相应 corresponding 手工电弧焊手工电弧焊 manual electric arc welding 手工钨极手工钨极 manual tungsten electrode 打底打底 render 电源电源 power source 交流交流 alternating current 焊件焊件 weldment 管壁厚度管壁厚度 pipe thickness 对接焊缝对接焊缝 butt weld 工件壁厚工件壁厚 workpiece 飞溅物飞溅物 splash 沾污沾污 smirch 油污油污 oil stain 细锉细锉 smooth file 铣刀铣刀 milling cutter 氧化膜氧化膜 oxide film 脱脂处理脱脂处理 ungrease treatment] 棉质纤维棉质纤维 cotton fibre 丙酮丙酮 acetone 硫 sulfur 环缝环缝 circumferential weld 顶板顶板 top plate 拱顶拱顶 vault 顶板加强肋顶板加强肋 stiffening rib 对接对接 butt joint 胎具胎具 clamping fixture 卷板机卷板机 plate bending rolls 中心支架中心支架 center bearing bracket 椭圆度椭圆度 ovality 等分线等分线 bisectrix 搭接宽度搭接宽度 lap width 点焊点焊 spot welding 搭接焊搭接焊 overlap welding 对称对称 symmetrically 螺旋爬梯螺旋爬梯 cockle stairs 放料阀放料阀 baiting valve 液位计液位计 content gauge 芬兰维萨拉芬兰维萨拉 V ailsla OY 美国美科美国美科 "Met-coil, USA" 集中式空调系统 centralized air conditioning system 裙房裙房 annex 热源热源 heat source 平面位置的空间 space of planimetric position 密封性能密封性能 sealing performance 机房机房 machine room 节点节点 timing 专业专业 "profession or discipline 都可以都可以,要根据上下文" 连体法兰连体法兰 coupling flange 垂直井笼垂直井笼 vertical well cage 变风量变风量 variable air rate 施工面展开施工面展开 construction unfolds 违约行为违约行为 noncompliance 合同交底- contract presentation 管理承包商 Management Contractor party 工程量工程量 work amount 实施的形象进度 progress of implementation 完工资料完工资料 as-built documentation 文整文整 clear-up 审核审核 review 汽车式起重机汽车式起重机 Autocrane 深化图纸深化图纸 deepen drawing 焊剂焊剂 welding flux 钢板钢板 steel plate 纵向焊缝纵向焊缝 longitudinal weld longitudinal seam 筒节筒节 shell ring 封头封头 end socket 卷管卷管 reelpipe 强度试验强度试验 strength test 起弧起弧 arc starting 穿堂风穿堂风 draught 熔合熔合 fusion 反面反面 reverse side 整体整体 integral 封堵封堵 block up 焊口焊口 weld bond 医用胶布医用胶布 medical proof fabric 高频高频 high frequency 焊炬焊炬 welding torch 建筑工程专业英语词汇翻译(4) 综合分析判断 comprehensive analysis and judgement 变压器变压器 transformer 抽芯loose core 过道过道 aisle 三相电容三相电容 three phase capacitance 芯棒芯棒 core rod 都市规划与土地开发 Urban g and Land Development 社区开发及工业区开发社区开发及工业区开发 Community Development and Industry Park Development 开发许可申请开发许可申请 Development Permit 土地使用变更计划土地使用变更计划 Land Use Rezoning Plan 主要计划及细部计划主要计划及细部计划 Master Master Plan Plan Plan and and and Detail Detail Plan 都市计划更新计划都市计划更新计划 Urban Renewal Plan 都市设施都市设施 Urban Design 建筑设施建筑设施 Architecture Design 大地工程大地工程 Geotechnical Engineering 工址调查工址调查 Site Investigation 现地试验与室内试验现地试验与室内试验 In-Situ In-Situ and and and Laboratory Laboratory Test 基础工程基础工程 Foundation Design 设备配置计划 equipment furnishment plan 结构预埋配合阶段 Structure pre-embedment assistance stage 精装修阶段精装修阶段 Fine fitment stage 工程施工阶段工程施工阶段 Construction stage 工程竣工阶段工程竣工阶段 Completion stage 台钻台钻 Bench drill 冲击钻冲击钻 Churn drill 手电钻手电钻 Electric portable drill 砂轮切割机砂轮切割机 Abrasive cutting off machine 角钢卷圆机角钢卷圆机 Angle iron rolling machine 管道切断器管道切断器 Pipe cutting machine 铜管调直机 Copper Copper pipe pipe pipe straightening straightening machine 管道压槽机管道压槽机 Book Book joint joint joint setting setting setting machine machine for pipes 管道压槽机管道压槽机 Book Book joint joint joint setting setting setting machine machine for pipes 角向磨光机角向磨光机 Angle polishing machine 电动套丝机电动套丝机 Electric threading machine 电动卷扬机电动卷扬机 Electric winch 电动试压泵 Motor-driven pressure pressure test test pump 手动试压泵手动试压泵 Manual pressure test pump 阀门试压机阀门试压机 Valve pressure test device 阀门试压机阀门试压机 Valve pressure test device TDC(F)风管加工流水线 TDC(F)air ductwork fabrication stream line 等离子切割机等离子切割机 Plasma cutting machine TDC(F)法兰条成型机 TDC(F) flange strip shaping mill 勾码成型机勾码成型机 Forming Forming machine machine machine for for for flange flange clamp TDC(F)风管加工成型机 TDC(F) TDC(F) duct duct fabrication shaping mill 多普勒超声波流量检测仪 Doppler ultrasonic flow detector 温、湿度传感器温、湿度传感器 "Temperature, "Temperature, humidity humidity senor" 精密声级计精密声级计 Precision sound level meter 风管漏风量测试仪、风室式漏风测试装置 "Duct air leakage tester, airchamber air leakage testing 深开挖工程及建物保护深开挖工程及建物保护 Deep Excavation and Building Protection 新生地及软弱地层改良新生地及软弱地层改良 Reclamation and Soft Ground Improvement 山坡地开发与水土保持 Slope land Development, Soil and Water Conservation 潜盾隧道与岩石隧道潜盾隧道与岩石隧道 Shield Tunnel and Rock Tunnel 大地工程施工顾问大地工程施工顾问 Geotechnical Construction Consultant 土壤材料试验土壤材料试验 Soil and Material 结构工程结构工程 Structural Engineering 各类钢筋混凝土、预力混凝土、钢结构及钢骨钢筋混凝土结构 Structures of R.C., Prestressed Concrete, Steel, and SRC 桥梁、高层建筑、地下结构物、隧道、深开挖挡土结构 Bridges, High-Rise Buildings, Underground Structures, Tunnels, Retaining Structures for Deep Excavations 桥梁安全检测、评估及维修补强 Bridge Inspection, Assessment, and Rehabilitation 钢结构细部设计及制造图 Steel Steel Structural Structural Detail Design and Shop Drawings 厂房工程厂房工程 Industrial Plant 工业厂房-石化工厂、钢厂、电厂、气体厂、科技工业厂房、一般性厂房 Industrial Plants--Petroleum Plants--Petroleum and and and Chemical, Chemical, Chemical, Steel, Steel, Steel, Power, Power, Gas, High-Technical and General Plants 环保设施工厂-垃圾焚化厂、垃圾掩埋场、污水处理厂及相关管线水处理厂及相关管线 Environment Environment Protecting Protecting Plants--Incineration Plants--Incineration Plants, Plants, Plants, Garbage Garbage Garbage Disposal Disposal Plants, Waste Water Treatment Plants and Piping System 设备支撑结构、管架、操作平台设备支撑结构、管架、操作平台 Equipment Supporting Supporting Structures, Structures, Structures, Pipe Pipe Pipe Racks, Racks, Racks, Operating Operating Platforms 设备基础设备基础 Equipment Foundations 厂区一般土木及公共设施 General Civil Works and Utilities of Plants 运输工程运输工程 Transportation Engineering 运输规划运输规划 Transportation Planning 停车场设施工程规划、设计 Engineering Planning & Design for Parking Facilities 建筑交通维持计划 Traffic Control & device" 风罩式风量测试仪 Air hood air rate tester 微压计、毕托管、热球（电）风速仪 "Micromanometer , pitot tube, hot bulb(electrical) anemoscope" 潜水泵潜水泵 Submerged pump 电动弯管机电动弯管机 Electric pipe bender 铜管弯管机铜管弯管机 Copper pipe bender 液压弯管机液压弯管机 Hydraulic pipe bender 电动剪刀电动剪刀 Electric clipper 液压铆钉钳液压铆钉钳 Hydraulic riveting clamp 线槽电锯线槽电锯 Trunking electric saw 开孔器开孔器 Tapper 电动空压机电动空压机 Electric air compressor 液压千斤顶液压千斤顶 Hydraulic jack 液压手推车液压手推车 Hydraulic trolley 焊条烘干箱焊条烘干箱 Welding rod drying box 手拉葫芦手拉葫芦 Chain block 道（垫）木道（垫）木 Sleeper 转速表转速表 Tachometer 电流钳型表电流钳型表 Clip-style ammeter 压力表压力表 Pressure gauge 接地电阻测试仪 Earthing resistance testing device 氧气表氧气表 Oxygen gauge 乙炔表乙炔表 Acetylene gauge 对讲机对讲机 Walkie talkie 文件和资料文件和资料 documents and information? 建设单位建设单位 Construction unit 安装单位安装单位 Installation unitz 建筑工程专业英语词汇翻译(3) 送气送气 air supply 电流衰减装置电流衰减装置 current attenuation 气体延时保护装置气体延时保护装置 time delay 熄弧熄弧 quenching of arc 成型成型 molding 钢印代号钢印代号 steel seal 质量分析质量分析 quality analysis 负责人负责人 principal 审批审批 examine and approve 补焊工艺补焊工艺 repair welding 压缩机压缩机 compression pump 平焊法兰平焊法兰 welded flange 测试流程图测试流程图 test flow chart Management during Construction 水利及港湾工程 Hydraulic and Harbor Engineering 营建管理营建管理 Construction Management 估价及工程预算制作 Estimates and Engineering Budget Works 营建管理营建管理 Construction Management 工程监造工程监造 Construction Supervision 施工计划施工计划 Construction Plan 工程进度控管 Schedule Control during Construction 施工规划施工规划 Construction Specifications 环境工程环境工程 Environmental Engineering 环境影响评估 Environment Impact Assessment 环境监测环境监测 Environmental Monitoring 地下水监测系统地下水监测系统 Groundwater Monitoring 污水处理厂污水处理厂 Wastewater Treatment Plant 污水下水道污水下水道 Sewage System 噪音振动防治噪音振动防治 Noise and Vibration 垃圾焚化厂兴建工程垃圾焚化厂兴建工程 Waste Incinerator 废弃物处理系统工程 Waste Treatment & Disposal 共同管道共同管道 Common Ducts 管道及附属设施之规划设计 Planning Planning and and Design of Common Ducts Structures and Subsidiary Facilities 经济效益分析 Economic and Efficiency Analysis 财务评估财务评估 Financial Evaluation 管理维护办法及组织订定管理维护办法及组织订定 Regulation Regulation for for for the the Management, Maintenance and Organization 电力复合脂电力复合脂 electric force compounded grease 电缆敷设电缆敷设 cable laying 电缆槽架电缆槽架 cable channel 主干线主干线 trunk line 弯头弯头 angle fitting 剥落处剥落处 exfoliation 银粉银粉 aluminum powder 支持点支持点 support point 拆装拆装 disassembly and assembly 畅通畅通 smooth 电压等级电压等级 electric pressure 通断实验通断实验 onoff 加固措施加固措施 reinforcement measure 校验校验 verify 升压升压 boost pressure 读数读数 off scale reading 满刻度值满刻度值 full-scale value 盲板盲板 blind plate 压力表压力表 pressure meter 强度强度 intensity 目测目测 eye survey, visiual inspection 半径半径 radius 公式公式 formula 管路管路 pipeline 严密性严密性 leakproofness 导电膏导电膏 conductive paste 压接压接 compression joint 地上连接地上连接 overground 埋深埋深 buried depth 接地线接地线 earth wire 说明说明 description 分线盒分线盒 junction box 接地装置接地装置 earthing deivce 交叉across 塑料保护管塑料保护管 protection tube 塑料带塑料带 plastic tape 防腐处理防腐处理 preservative treatment 接地极接地极 earthing pole 接地电阻测试接地电阻测试 earth resistance 防雷接地防雷接地 lightning protection 遵守遵守 comply with 避雷网避雷网 lightning conduction 引下线引下线 down lead 搭接焊搭接焊 overlap welding 避雷针避雷针 lightning rod 镀锌制品镀锌制品 zinc coating 断接卡断接卡 breaking of contact 电阻电阻 resistance 配电装置配电装置 power distribution equipment 集中接地装置集中接地装置 centralized 串联串联 cascade connection 干线联接干线联接 main line 并列并列 paratactic 单独单独 solely 机组机组 machine set 终端头终端头 terminals 余度余度 remaining 标记牌标记牌 notice plate 表册表册 statistical forms 电缆桥架电缆桥架 cable testing bridge 电机电机 electric machine 相对湿度相对湿度 relative humidity 杂物杂物 sundries 耐压试验耐压试验 withstand voltage test 照明器具照明器具 ligthing paraphernalia 铭牌铭牌 nameplate 验收规范验收规范 acceptance specification 接线接线 wire splice 试运试运 test run 进线口进线口 incoming line 带电带电 electrified 盘车转子盘车转子 jigger rotor 二次回路二次回路 secondary circuit 中心线中心线 center line 触头触头 contactor 配电配电 power distribution 成套成套 whole set 楼板楼板 floor slab 备件备件 duplicate part, spare part 包装包装 packing 器材器材 equipment 导线导线 conducting wire 脱落脱落 fall off 规范规范 specification 电器电器 electrical appliance 断路器断路器 line breaker 机械联锁机械联锁 mechanical interlocking 碰撞碰撞 collision 轻便轻便 portable 。

权力的48条法则（双语）权力的48条法则所指的“权力”是一个“泛权力”的概念，并不专指政治权谋。

更多的是“控制力”和“操纵力”的代名词。

权力的48条法则打破了惯常的逻辑模式，从反向思考的角度，用直截了当的方式，为我们解读了历史上的成功与失败。

尽管美国式功利主义的解读有时觉得难以接受，但其中不乏智慧的光芒和发人深省的深刻。

(1). Never Outshine the Master 做人要低调(2). Never put too Much Trust in Friends, Learn how to use Enemies不要太信任朋友，要利用敌人(3). Conceal your Intentions 隐藏好你的意图(4). Always Say Less than Necessary 不多话(5). So Much Depends on Reputation – Guard it with your Life 赢得好名声——用一生守护它(6). Court Attention at all Cost 不惜一切赢得关注(7). Get others to do the Work for you, but Always Take the Credit 让别人帮你做事，自己得到声誉(8). Make other People come to you – use Bait if Necessary 让别人来找你——必要的时候用诱饵(9). Win through your Actions, Never through Argument 用行动而不是争吵来获胜(10). Infection: Avoid the Unhappy and Unlucky会传染，得避开不快和不幸的人(11). Learn to Keep People Dependent on You 学会让人依靠你(12). Use Selective Honesty and Generosity to Disarm your Victim 用有选择的诚实和大方来缓和与你受害者的矛盾(13). When Asking fo r Help, Appeal People’s Self-Interest, Never to their Mercy or Gratitude 寻求帮助时，迎合他人自己的兴趣而不是他们的仁慈和感激(14). Pose as a Friend, Work as a Spy 以朋友的姿态像间谍一样地工作(15). Crush your Enemy Totally 打击敌人不遗余力(16). Use Absence to Increase Respect and Honor 利用缺席提升地位和名气(17). Keep Others in Suspended Terror: Cultivate an Air of Unpredictability 让别人陷入不知名的恐惧中，让你周围的空气充满未知性(18). Do Not Build Fortresses to Protect Yourself – Isolation is Dangerous 不要用围城保护自己——隔离是危险的(19). Know Who You’re Dealing with – Do Not Offend the Wrong Person 知道你正在对付的人是谁——不要得罪错了人(20). Do Not Commit to Anyone 不要向任何人承诺(21). Play a Sucker to Catch a Sucker – Seem Dumber than your Mark 扮猪吃猪——巧妙掩饰你的智慧（自认为翻得好玩的一句）(22). Use the Surrender Tactic: Transform Weakness into Power 使用投降策略：把弱点转化为优点(23). Concentrate Your Forces 集中火力(24). Play the Perfect Courtier 溜须拍马(25). Re-Create Yourself 重塑自己(26). Keep Your Hands Clean 保持双手干净（身家清白）(27). Play on People’s Need to Believe to Create a Cult like Following 满足群众需求以培养一群信徒(28). Enter Action with Boldness 大胆地行动(29). Plan All the Way to the End 预先想好所有的方法(30). Make your Accomplishments Seem Effortless 让你的成功看起来毫不费力(31). Control the Options: Get Others to Play with the Cards you Deal 控制选择：让别人打出你想要的牌(32). Play to People’s Fantasies 满足人们的幻想(33). Discover Each Man’s Thumbscrew 找出每个人的死穴(34). Be Royal in your Own Fashion: Act like a King to be treated like one 忠于自己的风格：你当自己是个人物，别人也当你是个人物(35). Master the Art of Timing 把握时机(36). Disdain Things you cannot have: Ignoring them is the best Revenge 轻视你得不到的：忽略他们是最好的报复(37). Create Compelling Spectacles 做出引人注目的事迹(38). Think as you like but Behave like others 想一套（你喜欢的）做一套（像别人一样的）(39). Stir Up Waters to Catch Fish 混水摸鱼(40). Despise the Free Lunch 天下没有免费的午餐(41). Avoid Stepping into a Great Man’s Shoes 不要模仿大人物(42). Strike the Shepherd and the Sheep will Scatter 打败领头者，跟风者将会一哄而散(43). Work on the Hearts and Minds of Others 用别人的想法工作(44). Disarm and Infuriate with the Mirror Effect 善于利用（消除或者激化）镜像效应(45). Preach the Need for Change, but Never Reform too much at Once 鼓吹变化的需要，但切不可一次改变太多(46). Never appear too Perfect 永远不要表现太完美(47). Do not go Past the Mark you Aimed for; In Victory, Learn when to Stop 不要超过既定目标，面对成功，知道什么时候停步(48). Assume Formlessness 无招胜有招。

建筑工程专业英语词汇（1）建设建筑,修建to build, to con struct 建筑学architecture 修筑,建筑物buildi ng 房子house 摩天大楼skyscraper 公寓楼block of flats （美作：apartment block）纪念碑monument 宫殿palace 庙宇temple皇宫，教堂basilica 大教堂cathedral 教堂church 塔塔楼tower 十层办公大楼ten-storey office block柱column 柱列colonnade 拱arch 市政town planning （美作:city planning）营建许可证，建筑开工许可证buildi ng permissi on绿地greenbelt 建筑物的三面图elevati on设计图plan 比例尺scale 预制toprefabricate 挖土，掘土excavation 基foundations, base, subgrade 打地基to laythe foundations 砌好的砖歹U course ofbricks 脚手架scaffold, scaffolding 质量合格证书certificatio n of fitn ess原材料raw material 底板bottom plate 垫层cushion 侧壁sidewall 中心线center line 条形基础strip foot ing 附件accessories 型辛钢profile steel 钢板steel plate 熔渣slag 飞溅welding spatter 定位焊tacking 弓丨耳弧generating of arc 建筑工程专业英语词汇（2）充水试验filli ng water test 错边量unfitness of butt joint 底圈foundation ring 真空度检漏vacuum degree leak test 丁字焊缝tee welding 渗透探伤oil whiti ng test 充水试验filli ng water test 内侧角焊缝接头interior angle welding line joi nt 基础沉降foundation settlement 测量基准点datum mark 稳定性试验stability test 排气阀outlet valve 角钢angle steel 构件component part 机械损伤mecha ni cal damage 缩孑L shrinkage cavity 折迭enfoldment 碳钢管carb on steel tube 公称直径nominal diameter 预埋件embedded part 轴测图axonometric drawing 布置图arrangement diagram 氧乙炔气割oxyacetyle ne gas cutt ing 低合金钢管low alloy steel 热影响区heat affected area 修磨polish 砂轮片grinding wheel 等离子plasma panel 重皮coldlap 凹凸unevenness 缩口necking down 端面head face 倾斜偏差dip deviation 夕卜径external diameter 砂轮grinding wheel 管件pipe casting 单线图single line drawing 平齐parallel and level 两端two terminals 满扣buckle 螺栓紧固bolt on熄弧quenching of arc 焊道welding bead 坡口beveled edges 夕卜观检查visual in spect ion 重皮double-skin 水平方向弧度radia n in horiz on tai directio n成型molding直线度straightness accuracy 焊缝角变形welding line angular distortio n水平度levelness 铅垂度verticality 翘曲变形buckli ng deformation 角尺angle square 对接焊缝butt weld 母材pare nt metal 法兰密圭寸面flange seali ng surface夹层in terlayer 表面锈蚀浓度surface corrosion concen trati on挠曲变bending deformation 超声波探伤ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic exam in ati on压力容器pressure vessel 预制下料prefabricati on bait ing 排版直径set-typediameter 焊缝welding line 中幅板centerplate 测量方法measuri ng method 基准点datum mark 跳焊skip welding 允许偏差allowable variati on 补强板stiffening plate开孑L tapping对接接头banjo fixing butt jointing 角钢angle iron安装基准圆in stallati on fun dame ntal circle吊装立柱hoisti ng upright colu mn 焊接钢管welded steel pipe 向心斜拉筋cen tripetalcanting pull rope带板band plate 槽钢胀圈cha nnel steelexpa nsion ring 环口collar extension 局部变形local distortion 周边periphery 附加应力additio nal stress 同轴度axiality 平行度parallelism 随机stochastic 允许偏差allowable variati on 重直度verticality 水平度levelness 隔离盲板bli nd plate 氩弧焊argon arc welding 压盖螺栓gla nd bolt 间距spaci ng 有效期period of validity 担任take charge of undertake 焊条welding rod 碳钢焊条carbon steel 焊丝welding wire 熔化焊melting 钢丝steel wire 气体保护焊gas shielded arc weldi ng 烘干drying 清洗ablution 制度s ystem 焊接工艺weld ing procedure 相应corresponding 手工电弧焊manual electric arc weldi ng 手工钨极man ual tun gste n electrode 打底render 电源power source 交流alternating current 焊件weldment 管壁厚度pipe thick ness 对接焊缝butt weld 工件壁厚workpiece 飞溅物splash 沾污smirch 油污oil stain 细锉smooth file 铳刀milling cutter 氧化膜oxide film 脱脂处理un grease treatme nt] 棉质纤维cotton fibre 丙酮acet one 硫sulfur环缝circumferential weld顶板top plate 拱顶vault 顶板加强肋stiffening rib 对接butt joint 胎具clamping fixture卷板机plate bending rolls 中心支架cen terbeari ng bracket 椭圆度ovality 等分线bisectrix 搭接宽度lap width 点焊spotwelding 搭接焊overlap welding 对称symmetrically 螺旋爬梯cockle stairs 放料阀baiting valve 液位计content gauge 芬兰维萨拉Vailsla OY 美国美科"Met-coil, USA" 集中式空调系统centralized air con diti oning system裙房annex 热源heat source 平面位置的空间space of planimetric positi on密圭寸性能seali ng performa nee机房machine room 节点timing专业"profession or discipline 都可以，要根据上下文”连体法兰coupli ng flange 垂直井笼verticalwell cage 变风量variable air rate 施工面展开con struct ion un folds 违约行为non complia nee合同交底-contract presentation 管理承包商Manageme nt Con tractor party工程量work amount实施的形象进度progress of impleme ntation完工资料as-built docume ntatio n文整clear-up 审核review 汽车式起重机Autocra ne 深化图纸deepe n draw ing焊齐U welding flux 钢板steel plate 纵向焊缝Iongitudi nal weld Ion gitudi nal seam 筒节shell ring 圭寸头end socket 卷管reelpipe 强度试验stre ngth test 起弧arc starting 穿堂风draught 熔合fusion 反面reverse side 整体integral 圭寸堵block up 焊口weld bond 医用胶布medical proof fabric 高频high frequency 焊炬welding torch建筑工程专业英语词汇翻译（4）综合分析判断comprehensive analysis and judgeme nt变压器transformer 扌由芯loose core 过道aisle三相电容three phase capacitanee 芯棒core rod都市规划与土地开发Urban g and Land Developme nt社区开发及工业区开发Community Development and Industry Park Developme nt开发许可申请Developme nt Permit土地使用变更计划La nd Use Rezo ning Pla n 主要计划及细部计划Master Plan and Detail Pla n都市计划更新计划Urban Ren ewal Pla n都市设施Urban Desig n 建筑设施Architecture Desig n 大地工程Geotech ni cal Engin eeri ng 工址调查Site In vestigati on 现地试验与室内试验In-Situ and Laboratory Test 基础工程Foun dati on Desig n设备配置计戈U equipment furnishment pla n结构预埋配合阶段Structure pre-embedme nt assista neestage精装修阶段Fi ne fitme nt stage 工程施工阶段Con struct ion stage 工程竣工阶段Completio n stage 台钻Bench drill 冲击钻Churn drill手电钻Electric portable drill 砂轮切割机Abrasive cutt ing off mach ine 角钢卷圆机An gle iron rolli ng mach ine 管道切断器Pipe cutt ing mach ine 铜管调直机Copperpipe straighteningmach ine管道压槽机Book joint setting machine for pipes管道压槽机Book joint setting machine for pipes角向磨光机An gle polishi ng mach ine 电动套丝机Electric threadi ng mach ine 电动卷扬机Electric winch电动试压泵Motor-drive n pressure test pump手动试压泵Manual pressure test pump 阀门试压机Valve pressure test device 阀门试压机Valve pressure test device TDC(F)风管加工流水线TDC(F)air ductwork fabricati onstream line等离子切割机Plasma cutt ing mach ine TDC(F)法兰条成型机TDC(F) flange strip shap ing mill勾码成型机Forming machine for flange clampTDC(F)风管加工成型机TDC(F) duct fabrication shaping mill多普勒超声波流量检测仪Doppler ultras onic flow detector温、湿度传感器"Temperature, humidity sen or"精密声级计Precisi on sound level meter 风管漏风量测试仪、风室式漏风测试装置"Duct airleakagetester, airchamber air leakage testing深开挖工程及建物保护Deep Excavation and Building Protection新生地及软弱地层改良Reclamation and Soft Ground Improveme nt山坡地开发与水土保持Slope land Developme nt, Soil and Water Con servati on 潜盾隧道与岩石隧道Shield Tunnel and RockTu nnel大地工程施工顾问Geotech nical Co nstructio n Con sulta nt土壤材料试验Soil and Material结构工程Structural Engin eeri ng 各类钢筋混凝土、预力混凝土、钢结构及钢骨钢筋混凝土结构Structures of R.C.,Prestressed Con crete, Steel, and SRC 桥梁、高层建筑、地下结构物、隧道、深开挖挡土结构Bridges, High-Rise Buildings, Underground Structures, Tunnels, Retaining Structures for Deep Excavatio ns桥梁安全检测、评估及维修补强BridgeIn spect ion, Assessme nt, and Rehabilitati on 钢结构细部设计及制造图Steel Structural Detail Desig n and Shop Draw ings 厂房工程In dustrial Pla nt工业厂房-石化工厂、钢厂、电厂、气体厂、科技工业厂房、一般性厂房In dustrialPlants--Petroleum and Chemical, Steel, Power, Gas, High-Tech nical and Gen eral Pla nts 环保设施工厂-垃圾焚化厂、垃圾掩埋场、污水处理厂及相关管线Environment Protecting Plants--Incineration Plants, Garbage Disposal Plants, Waste Water Treatment Plants and Pipi ng System设备支撑结构、管架、操作平台Equipme nt Supporting Structures, Pipe Racks, Operating Platforms设备基础Equipme nt Foun dati ons 厂区一般土木及公共设施Ge neral Civil Works and Utilities of Pla nts运输工程Tran sportati on Engin eeri ng 运输规戈U Transportation Planning停车场设施工程规划、设计Engineering Planning & Desig n for Parking Facilities建筑交通维持计划Traffic Co ntrol &device"风卓式风量测试仪Air hood air rate tester微压计、毕托管、热球（电）风速仪"Microma no meter ,pitot tube, hot bulb （electrical）an emoscope"潜水泵Submerged pump 电动弯管机Electric pipe ben der 铜管弯管机Copper pipe ben der 液压弯管机Hydraulic pipe ben der 电动剪刀Electric clipper 液压铆钉钳Hydraulic rivet ing clamp 线槽电锯Trunking electric saw 开孑L器Tapper 电动空压机Electric air compressor 液压千斤顶Hydraulic jack 液压手推车Hydraulic trolley 焊条烘干箱Weldi ng rod dryi ng box 手拉胡户Chai n block 道（垫）木Sleeper 转速表Tachometer 电流钳型表Clip-style ammeter 压力表Pressure gauge 接地电阻测试仪Earth ing resista nee testi ng device氧气表Oxygen gauge 乙炔表Acetylene gauge 对讲机Walkie talkie 文件和资料docume nts and in formati on? 建设单位Con struct ion un it 安装单位In stallation unitz 建筑工程专业英语词汇翻译（3）送气air supply 电流衰减装置curre nt atte nu ati on 气体延时保护装置time delay熄弧quenching of arc 成型molding 钢印代号steel seal 质量分析quality an alysis 负责人principal 审批examine and approve 补焊工艺repair weldi ng 压缩机compression pump 平焊法兰welded flan ge 测试流程图test flow chart Man ageme nt duri ng Con struct ion水利及港湾工程Hydraulic and Harbor Engin eeri ng营建管理Con struct ion Man ageme nt估价及工程预算制作Estimates and Engin eeri ng Budget Works营建管理Con struct ion Man ageme nt 工程监造Con struct ion Supervisi on 施工计划Con struction Pla n 工程进度控管Schedule Control during Con struct ion施工规戈U Con struct ion Specificati ons 环境工程En viro nmen tal Engin eeri ng 环境影响评估Environment ImpactAssessme nt环境监测En viro nmen tal Mon itori ng地下水监测系统Grou ndwater Mon itori ng污水处理厂Wastewater Treatme nt Pla nt 污水下水道Sewage System 噪音振动防治Noise and Vibratio n垃圾焚化厂兴建工程Waste Incin erator废弃物处理系统工程Waste Treatment & Disposal共同管道Com mon Ducts管道及附属设施之规划设计Planning and Design of Common Ducts Structures and Subsidiary Facilities经济效益分析Economic and Efficiency An alysis财务评估Fi nan cial Evaluation 管理维护办法及组织订定Regulation for the Man ageme nt. Maintenance and Orga ni zati on电力复合脂electric force compo un ded grease 电缆敷设cable layi ng 电缆槽架cable channel主干线trunk line 弯头angle fitting 录9落处exfoliation 银粉aluminum powder 支持点support point 拆装disassembly and assembly 畅通smooth 电压等级electric pressure 通断实验on off加固措施rei nforceme nt measure 校验verify 升压boost pressure 读数off scale reading 满刻度值full-scale value 盲板blind plate 压力表pressure meter 强度intensity 目测eye survey, visiual inspection 半径radius 公式formula 管路pipeline 严密性leakproofness 导电膏conductive paste 压接compression joint 地上连接overgr ound 埋深buried depth 接地线earth wire 说明description 分线盒junction box 接地装置earth ing deivce 交叉across 塑料保护管protection tube 塑料带plastic tape 防腐处理preservative treatme nt 接地极earthing pole 接地电阻测试earth resista nee 防雷接地light ning protect ion 遵守comply with 避雷网light ning conduction 引下线down lead 搭接焊overlap welding 避雷针lightning rod 镀锌制品zinc coat ing 断接卡break ing of con tact 电阻resista nee 配电装置power distribution equipment 集中接地装置cen tralized串联cascade connection 干线联接main line 并歹U paratactic 单独solely 机组machine set 终端头terminals 余度remaining 标记牌notice plate 表册statistical forms 电缆桥架cable test ing bridge 电机electric machine 相对湿度relative humidity 杂物sun dries 耐压试验withstand voltage test 照明器具ligth ing parapher nalia 铭牌nameplate 验收规范accepta nee specificati on 接线wire splice 试运test run 进线口incoming line 带电electrified 盘车转子jigger rotor 二次回路sec ondary circuit 中心线center line 触头contactor 配电power distribution 成套whole set 楼板floor slab 备件duplicate part, spare part 包装packing 器材equipment 导线con duct ing wire 脱落fall off 规范specification 电器electrical applianee 断路器line breaker 机械联锁mecha ni cal in terlock ing 碰撞collision 轻便portable。

表示计划的英语近义词和短语Synonyms for "Plan"1. Agenda.An agenda is a list of items to be discussed or acted upon at a meeting or event. It outlines the order in which the items will be addressed and may include the time allocated for each item.2. Blueprint.A blueprint is a detailed plan or design for a building, product, or other project. It provides a visual representation of the project, including its dimensions, materials, and construction methods.3. Blueprint.A blueprint is a detailed plan or design for a building,product, or other project. It provides a visual representation of the project, including its dimensions, materials, and construction methods.4. Chart.A chart is a graphical representation of data or information. It can be used to illustrate relationships, trends, and patterns. Charts can take various forms, such as bar charts, line charts, and pie charts.5. Diagram.A diagram is a simplified representation of a concept, object, or process. It uses lines, shapes, and symbols to illustrate the relationship between different parts or aspects of the subject.6. Framework.A framework is a set of principles or guidelines that provides the structure for a plan or project. It definesthe scope, objectives, and major components of the plan.7. Game plan.A game plan is a strategy or set of actions designed to achieve a specific goal, typically in a competitive setting such as sports or business.8. Itinerary.An itinerary is a plan for a trip or journey. It includes details such as the destination, accommodations, transportation, and activities.9. Master plan.A master plan is a comprehensive plan that provides a long-term vision for the development and management of a city, region, or other large-scale project.10. Outline.An outline is a brief overview of a plan or document. It lists the main points and supporting details in a structured format.11. Road map.A road map is a guide that shows the routes and distances between different locations. It can be used figuratively to refer to a plan or strategy for achieving a goal.12. Schedule.A schedule is a plan that outlines the sequence and timing of tasks or events. It can be used to manage time and ensure that tasks are completed on time.13. Sketch.A sketch is a rough or preliminary drawing thatoutlines the main features of a plan or design. It is often used to capture ideas and explore different possibilities.14. Strategy.A strategy is a high-level plan that outlines the overall approach to achieving a long-term goal. It defines the key objectives, resources, and tactics to be employed.15. Timetable.A timetable is a schedule that shows the time and order in which events or tasks will occur. It is often used to plan transportation schedules, school schedules, and other events.Phrases for "Plan"1. Blueprint for the future.This phrase refers to a comprehensive plan thatoutlines a vision for the future and provides a roadmap for achieving it.2. Contingency plan.A contingency plan is a backup plan that is put in place in case the primary plan fails or unexpected events occur.3. Five-year plan.This phrase refers to a plan that covers a period of five years. It is commonly used in business and government to outline long-term strategies and goals.4. Master plan.A master plan is a comprehensive plan that provides a long-term vision for the development and management of a city, region, or other large-scale project.5. Strategic plan.A strategic plan is a long-term plan that outlines the overall approach to achieving a specific goal or objective.It defines the key objectives, resources, and tactics to be employed.6. Ten-year plan.This phrase refers to a plan that covers a period of ten years. It is commonly used in business and government to outline long-term strategies and goals.。

玩炉石传说要注意什么英文When playing Hearthstone, it is important to pay attention to the following:1. Card text: Understand the abilities and effects of your cards, as well as those of your opponent's cards, to make well-informed decisions.2. Mana curve: Construct your deck with a balanced distribution of low, medium, and high-cost cards to ensure you can play cards at every stage of the game.3. Board state: Assess the board state by considering the number and strength of minions, health totals, and any potential threats or opportunities.4. Resources: Manage your resources efficiently, including your cards, mana crystals, and life total, to maintain control of the game.5. Card advantage: Aim to gain more cards or value from your cards than your opponent to maintain an advantage in the game.6. Card synergies: Look for cards that have synergy with each other andplan your turns to maximize their effects.7. Game plan: Have a strategy in mind and adapt it based on the situation to increase your chances of winning.8. Meta and deck building: Stay updated on the current meta and consider crafting or modifying decks that are strong against popular strategies.9. Mulligan phase: Make wise choices during the mulligan phase to look for cards that are beneficial for your starting hand and game plan.10. Timing: Master the art of timing by using cards, abilities, and resources at the most opportune moments to seize control of the game or respond to your opponent's moves.。

timingTimingIntroductionTiming plays a crucial role in various aspects of our lives. From meeting deadlines at work to managing personal schedules, a good sense of timing ensures efficiency and success. In this document, the concept of timing will be explored in detail, focusing on its importance and practical applications. We will delve into the significance of timing in different scenarios, discuss the factors that affect timing, and provide tips for improving time management skills.Importance of TimingTiming is the key to success in many areas of life. In sports, timing determines whether an athlete wins or loses, and it can make the difference between a gold medal or coming in second place. Timing also affects music, as it determines the rhythm and tempo, adding depth and emotion to a performance. In business, timing can make or break a company's success, as being ahead of competitors orcapitalizing on market trends can result in significant gains. In our personal lives, timing affects relationships, decision-making, and overall life satisfaction.Factors Affecting TimingTiming can be influenced by several factors. One of the primary factors is external circumstances. For example, a person may be delayed in reaching their destination due to heavy traffic or bad weather conditions. Similarly, a project's timing may be affected by unforeseen events such as equipment breakdowns or supply chain disruptions. Internal factors also come into play, such as personal motivation, discipline, and the ability to prioritize tasks effectively. Psychological factors like procrastination, lack of focus, and poor time management skills can significantly impact timing.Applications of TimingTiming is essential in various areas of our lives, such as sports, music, business, and personal relationships. Let's explore some practical applications of timing:1. Sports: Timing is crucial in sports, from hitting a baseball to executing complex gymnastics routines. Athletes spend years refining their timing to achieve peak performance.2. Music: Timing is fundamental in music. Musicians and vocalists must follow the beat, synchronize with other performers, and play or sing their notes at the right moment.3. Business: Timing is crucial in business decisions. Launchinga new product at the right time can lead to higher sales and market dominance. Timing also matters in negotiations and strategic planning.4. Relationships: Timing plays a vital role in relationships. Expressing feelings at the right moment, being there for a loved one in times of need, and making important decisions together require good timing.Tips for Improving Timing1. Set Priorities: Prioritize tasks based on their importance and urgency. This helps manage time effectively and ensures that essential tasks are completed on time.2. Plan Ahead: Create a daily or weekly schedule to allocate time for tasks and activities. Planning ahead allows for better time management and avoids last-minute rushes.3. Avoid Procrastination: Procrastination is a timing killer. Recognize and eliminate procrastination habits to stay on track and meet deadlines.4. Break Tasks into Smaller Steps: Breaking tasks into smaller, manageable steps helps prevent feeling overwhelmed. Completing small steps within a set timeframe ensures progress towards the final goal.5. Eliminate Distractions: Minimize distractions such as social media, phone notifications, and unnecessary interruptions. Focus on the task at hand to maximize productivity and efficiency.6. Learn from Mistakes: Reflect on past experiences and identify areas where timing could have been improved. Use these lessons to make better timing decisions in the future.ConclusionIn conclusion, timing is a crucial aspect of our lives. It affects our success in various fields and has an impact on our personal and professional well-being. By understanding the importance of timing, considering the factors that influence timing, and implementing effective time management strategies, individuals can improve their overall productivity and achieve their goals more efficiently. Good timing can enhance performance, deepen relationships, and lead to a more fulfilling and successful life.。

{财务管理财务知识}财务管理英语中英文对照ACCA--财务管理英语solepropsietorship独资企业partnership合伙企业corporatefinance公司财务corporate公司closelyheld私下公司publicpany公众公司GoldmanSachs高盛银行pensionfund养老基金insurancepany保险公司boardofdirector董事会separationofownershipandmanagement所有权与管理权的分离limitedliability有限责任articlesofincorporation公司章程realasset实物资产financialasset金融资产security证券financialmarket金融市场capitalmarket资本市场moneymarket货币市场investmentdecision投资决策capitalbudgetingdecision资本预算决策financingdecision融资决策financialmanager财务经理treasurer司库controller总会计师CFO首席财务官principal-agentproblem委托代理问题principal委托人agent代理人agencycost代理成本informationasymmetry信息不对称signal信号efficientmarketshypothesis有效市场假说presentvalue现值discountfactor贴现因子rateofreturn收益率discountrate贴现率hurdlerate门坎比率opportunitycostofcapital资本机会成本netpresentvalue净现值cashoutflow现金支出netpresentvaluerule净现值法则rate-of-returnrule收益率法则profitmaximization利润最大化doingwell经营盈利doinggood经营造益collateral抵押品warrant认股权证convertiblebond可转换债券primaryissue一级发行prinarymarket一级市场secondarytansaction二级交易secondarymarket二级市场over-the-counter(OTC)场外交易financialintermediary金融中介zero-stage启动阶段businessplan创业计划书first-stagefinancing第一阶段融资after-the-moneyvaluation注资后的价值papergain账面利润mezzaninefinancing引渡融资angelinvestor天使投资者venturecapitalfund创业投资基金limitedprivatepartnership有限合伙企业generalpartner普通合伙人limitedpartner有限合伙人small-businessinvestmentpanies（SBIC）小企业投资公司initialpublicoffering(IPO)首次公开发行primaryoffering首次发行secondaryoffering二次发行underwriter承销商syndicateofunderwriter承销辛迪加registrationstatement注册说明书prospectus招股说明书roadshow路演greenshoeoption绿鞋期权spread差价offeringprice发售价格underpricing抑价winner’scurse成功者灾难bookbuilding标书登记fixedpriceoffer定价发售auction拍卖discriminationauction差价拍卖uniform-priceauction一价拍卖generalcashoffer一般现款发行rightissue附权发行shelfregistration上架注册priorapproval事前许可boughtdeal买方交易seasonedissue新增发行knowledgeableinvertor成熟的投资者qualifiedinstitutionalbuyer有资格的机构买者recorddate登记日withdividend附有红利cumdividend附息exdividend除息legalcapital法定资本regularcashdividend正常现金红利extra额外的specialdividend特别红利stockdividend股票红利automaticdividendreinvestmentplans(DRIP)红利自动转投计划transferofvalue价值转移capitalstructure资本结构MM’spropositionMM定理weighted-averagecostofcapital(WACC)加权平均资本成本margindebt保证金借款floating-ratenote浮动利率票据money-marketfund货币市场基金interest-rateceiling利率上限trade-offtheory权衡理论righttodefault违约权leveragebuy-out(LBO)杠杆收购asymmetricinformation信息不对称financialslack银根宽松costofdebt负债成本costofequity权益成本terminalvalue清算价值cashflowtoequity权益现金流rebalancing重整projectfinancing项目融资adjustedcostofcapital调整资本成本equivalentloan等值贷款offsettingtransaction反向交易depreciablebasis折旧基数adjustedpresentvalue(APV)调整现值calloption看涨期权exerciseprice执行价格strikeprice敲定价格exercisedate到期日Europeancall欧式看涨期权Americancall美式看涨期权positiondiagram头寸图putoption看跌期权SalomonBrothers所罗门兄弟公司termstuctureofinterestrate利率期限结构annuity年金perpetuity永久年金annuityfactor年金因子annuitydue即期年金futurevalue终值conmpoundinterest复利simpleinterest单利continuouslypoundedrate连续复利率ConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)消费物价指数currentdollar当期货币nominaldollar名义货币constantdollar不变货币realdollar实际货币realrateofreturn实际收益率inflationrate通货膨胀率principal本金deflation滞胀yieldtomaturity到期收益率marketcapitalizationrate市场资本化率dividendyield红利收益率costofequitycapital权益资本成本payoutratio红利发放率earningspershare(EPS)每股收益returnonequity(ROE)权益收益率discountcashflow贴现现金流growthstock成长股inestock绩优股presentvalueofgrowthopportunity(PVGO)成长机会的现值price-earningsratio(P/E)市盈率freecashflow(FCF)自由现金流量bookrateofreturn账面收益率capitalinvestment资本投资operatingexpense经营费用paybackperiod回收期discounted-paybackrule贴现回收期法则discounted-cash-flowrateofreturn贴现现金流量的收益率internalrateofreturn(IRR)内部收益率lending贷出borrowing借入profitabilitymeasure盈利指标standardofpfofitability赢利标准modifiedinternalrateofreturn修正内部收益率mutuallyexclusiveprojects互相排斥的项目capitalrationing资本约束profitabilityindex盈利指标softrationing软约束hardrationing硬约束incrementalpayoff增量收入networkingcapital净营运资本sunkcost沉没成本sunk-costfallacy沉没成本悖论overheadcost间接费用salvagevalue残值straight-linedepreciation直线法折旧InternalRevenueService国内税收署taxshield税盾acceleratedcostrecoverysystem加速成本回收折旧法alternativeminimumtax另类最低税taxpreference税收优惠accelerateddepreciation加速折旧projectanalysis项目分析equivalentannualcashflow等价年度现金流marginalinvestment边际投资defaultrisk违约风险riskpremium风险溢酬standarderror标准误差standarddeviation标准差marketportfolio市场组合marketreturm(rm)市场收益率variance方差thelossofadgreeoffreedom自由度损失Delphic德尔菲uniquerisk独特风险unsystematicrisk非系统风险residualrisk剩余风险specificrisk特定风险diversifiablerisk可分散风险marketrisk市场风险systematicrisk系统风险undiversifiablerisk不可分散风险convariance协方差well-diversified有效分散valueadditivity价值可加性efficientportfolio有效投资组合quadraticprogramming二次规划bestefficientportfolio最佳有效投资组合capitalassetpricingmodel(CAPM)资本资产定价模型separationtheorem分离定理securitymarketline证券市场线marketcapitalization市场资本总额small-capstocks小盘股book-to-marketration账面-市值比datamining数据挖掘datasnooping数据侦察consumptionbeta消费贝塔consumptionCAPM消费型资本资产定价模型riskaversion风险厌恶arbitragepricingtheory套利定价理论sensitivityofeachstocktothesefactors每种股票对这些因素的敏感度three-factormodel三因素模型panycostofcapital公司资本成本industrybeta行业贝塔firmvalue公司价值debtvalue负债价值assetvalue资产价值blue-chipfirm蓝筹股financialleverage财务杠杆gearing举债经营financialrisk财务风险unlever消除杠杆relativemarketvaluesofdebt(E/V)负债的相对市场价值taxableine应税利润after-taxcost税后成本marginalcorporatetaxrate公司边际税率after-taxweighted-averagecostofcapital税后加权平均资本成本cyclicality周期性cyclicalfirms周期性公司operatingleverage经营杠杆revenue收入fixedcosts固定成本variablecosts可变成本rateofoutput产出率certaintyequivalent确定性等价值certainty-equivalentcashflow确定性等价现金流risk-adjusteddiscountrate风险相应贴现率underlyingvariables基础变量sample抽样realoption实物期权decisiontree决策树timingqption安排期权productionoption生产性期权optiontobailout清算选择权economicrent经济租金futuremarket期货市场capitalbudget资本预算strategicplanning战略规划appropriationrequest拨款申请postaudit事后审计stockoptions股票期权privatebenefit私下利益perks特权享受perquisite特权享受overinvestment过度投资generallyacceptedaccountingprinciple(GAAP)公认会计原则qualifieddoption保留意见delegated委托economicvalueadded(EVA)经济附加值tradeloading贸易超载economicdepreciation经济折旧nationalineandproductaccounts国民收入与产出账户cap上限合约strip本息剥离债券swap互换bookrunner股份登记员efficientcapitalmarket有效资本市场randomwalk随机游走positivedrift正漂移autocorelationcoefficient自相关系数weakformofefficiency弱有效性semistrongformofefficiency半强有效性strongformofefficiency强有效性marketmodel市场模型acquiringfirm兼并公司acquiredfirm被兼并公司superiorprofit超常利润overreaction反应过度underreaction反应不足indexarbitrageur指数套利者portfolioinsurancescheme证券组合保险策略superiorratesofreturn超常收益exchange-ratepolicy汇率政策applicationdate申购日long-termasset长期资产retainedearnings留存收益financialdeficit资金缺口internalfund内部资金debtpolicy负债政策dividendpolicy红利政策long-termfinancing长期融资totalcapitalization资本总额reserve准备金issuedandoutsanding已发行流通股份issuedbutnotoutsanding已发行未流通股份authorizedsharecapital法定股本总额financialinstitution金融机构cash-flowright现金流要求权controlright控制劝dominantstockholder控股股东majorityvotingsystem多数投票制cumulativevoting累计投票制supermajority绝对多数制proxycontest投票代理权角逐minoritystockholder小股东reversestocksplit逆股票拆细masterlimitedpartnership业主有限责任合伙企业realestateinvestmenttrust(REIT)房地产信托投资基金preferredstock优先股cumulativepreferredstock红利累积优先股lineofcredit授信额度fixed-rate固定利率floating-rate浮动利率coupon息票LondonInterbankOfferedRate(LIBOR)伦敦银行间拆借利率eurobond欧洲债券eurocurrency欧洲货币euro欧元senior优级junior次级subordinated从属secured有担保的collateral抵押品warrant认股权证convertiblebond可转换债券primaryissue一级发行prinarymarket一级市场secondarytansaction二级交易secondarymarket二级市场over-the-counter(OTC)场外交易financialintermediary金融中介zero-stage启动阶段businessplan创业计划书first-stagefinancing第一阶段融资after-the-moneyvaluation注资后的价值papergain账面利润mezzaninefinancing引渡融资angelinvestor天使投资者venturecapitalfund创业投资基金limitedprivatepartnership有限合伙企业generalpartner普通合伙人limitedpartner有限合伙人small-businessinvestmentpanies（SBIC）小企业投资公司initialpublicoffering(IPO)首次公开发行primaryoffering首次发行secondaryoffering二次发行underwriter承销商syndicateofunderwriter承销辛迪加registrationstatement注册说明书prospectus招股说明书roadshow路演greenshoeoption绿鞋期权spread差价offeringprice发售价格underpricing抑价winner’scurse成功者灾难bookbuilding标书登记fixedpriceoffer定价发售auction拍卖discriminationauction差价拍卖uniform-priceauction一价拍卖generalcashoffer一般现款发行rightissue附权发行shelfregistration上架注册priorapproval事前许可boughtdeal买方交易seasonedissue新增发行knowledgeableinvertor成熟的投资者qualifiedinstitutionalbuyer有资格的机构买者recorddate登记日withdividend附有红利cumdividend附息exdividend除息legalcapital法定资本regularcashdividend正常现金红利extra额外的specialdividend特别红利stockdividend股票红利automaticdividendreinvestmentplans(DRIP)红利自动转投计划transferofvalue价值转移capitalstructure资本结构MM’spropositionMM定理weighted-averagecostofcapital(WACC)加权平均资本成本margindebt保证金借款floating-ratenote浮动利率票据money-marketfund货币市场基金interest-rateceiling利率上限trade-offtheory权衡理论righttodefault违约权leveragebuy-out(LBO)杠杆收购asymmetricinformation信息不对称financialslack银根宽松costofdebt负债成本costofequity权益成本terminalvalue清算价值cashflowtoequity权益现金流rebalancing重整projectfinancing项目融资adjustedcostofcapital调整资本成本equivalentloan等值贷款offsettingtransaction反向交易depreciablebasis折旧基数adjustedpresentvalue(APV)调整现值calloption看涨期权exerciseprice执行价格strikeprice敲定价格exercisedate到期日Europeancall欧式看涨期权Americancall美式看涨期权positiondiagram头寸图putoption看跌期权感谢阅读多年企业管理咨询经验，专注为企业和个人提供精品管理方案，企业诊断方案，制度参考模板等欢迎您下载，均可自由编辑。