【精品】2020年中考英语语法复习13《主谓一致》

2020中考英语语法丨主谓一致主谓一致的概念主谓一致是指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。

一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。

“主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定式作主语、并列结构作主语、特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词的一致等。

一.名词作主语1.某些集体名词，如family，team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。

比如：His family is a happy one.他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。

The whole family are watching TV.全家人都在看电视。

这类名词有audience，class，club，company，crew，enemy，crowd，government，group，party，public，team等。

名词population一词的使用情况类似。

“a group(crowd) of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数，前者强调整体，后者强调各个部分。

2.某些集体名词，如people，police，cattle等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。

The police are searching for the thief.警察正在搜捕那个贼。

3.单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。

比如：A sheep is over there.那边有只羊。

Some sheep are over there.那边有些羊。

4.名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。

比如：The doctor’s is across the street.诊所在街道的对面。

My uncle’s is not far from here.我叔叔家离这儿不远。

专题十三倒装句和主谓一致1.定义：倒装句：倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。

分类：完全倒装和部分倒装主谓一致：谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致分类：语法一致：谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致意义一致：谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致就近一致：谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致思维导图：倒装句和主谓一致倒装句部分倒装so/neither/noronly＋状语, 位于句首否定意义的词位于句首not only...but (also) 连接连个句子完全倒装here/there等地点副词放在句首，且主语为名词主谓一致并列成分作主语特殊形式的名词作主语表数量意义的词作主语不定代词或其他作主语there be 句型句型结构there be 与have的区别就近原则1.倒装句a.部分倒装1.so/neither/nor引导的倒装句2.only＋状语, 位于句首,主句用部分倒装Eg. Only in this way, can they learn English well.3.否定词:never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely;表否定意义的介词短语: at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on nocondition 等置于句首时。

Eg. Not a single mistake did he make.4.not only…, but also…连接两个句子，且not only所在的句子位于句首，其所在的句子要用部分倒装。

Eg. Not only does he get up early, but he also goes to bed early.b.完全倒装表示地点的副词here, there 置于句首, 且主语是名词(不是代词) 时Eg. Here comes the bus.Here you are.2.主谓一致a.并列成分作主语3.there be句型典型例题总分：74分姓名：得分：1.单选题（每小题1分，共50分）（）1. -Last summer holiday, I didn't go anywhere. How boring!-________. But I'm going somewhere for a holiday this summer.A. Neither I didB. Neither did IC. So did ID. So I did （）2. -Tom hasn't gone back to his hometown for 10 years. - . It's a shameA. Neither do the SmithsB. Neither have the SmithsC. So have the Smiths （）3. Listen! ! Let's get into the classroom!A. There the bell goes!B. There goes the bell!C. The bell goes there!（）4. -Mike has lunch at school. - .A. So does TomB. So has TomC. So Tom hasD. So has Tom（）5. Hey, Nick. ______ comes the last bus! Hurry up, or we'll have to walk home.A. ThisB. ThereC. ThatD. It（）6. Only yesterday _______________ find out that his watch was lost.A. he couldB. he didC. did heD. does he（）8._________ he get up early, _______he also goes to bed early.A. Not only do; butB. Not only does; butC. Not only; butD. Not does; but does （）9. -Where's your sister?-Oh, she ________ the Laoshe Teahouse and ________.A. has been to; so Li Ming isB. has gone to; so Li Ming hasC. has gone to; so has Li MingD. has been in; so has Li Ming（）10. Don't worry. ___________A. Here the car comes.B. Here comes the car.C. Here the car is.D. The car here comes.（）11. If you don't go to the meeting tomorrow, ________.A. he won't, tooB. he won't, neitherC. neither does heD. neither will he （）12. Only by studying hard ________ improve her English soon.A. she canB. she didC. can sheD. did she（）13. in this shop can you buy this kind of shoes.A. JustB. StillC. YetD. Only（）14. -When some students throw rubbish in our classroom, I feel ____.- . It makes me want to tell them to clean up the classroom.A. angry; So do IB. uncomfortable; Neither I doC. anrily; So I doD. comfortable; Neither do I（）15. -Will you go to the party tomorrow?-If you go, ______. If you don't, _______.A. so will I, neither will IB. so do I, neither do IC. so I do, neither I doD. so I will, neither I will（）16. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital.A. can be the patients treatedB. can the patients he treatedC. the patients can be treatedD. treated can be the patients（）17. On the top of the small hill , and it has a long history of more than four hundred years.A. stands an old templeB. an old temple standsC. does an old temple standD. an old temple does stand（）18. As your spoken English gets better, _______ your written English.A. so doesB. so willC. neither doesD. neither will（）19. Not a single song ____ at yesterday's party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. had she sung（）20. -He could hardly understand what was being read, _______?-__________ could I. But he thought his English was perfect.A. could he; NeitherB. can he; NorC. couldn't he; SoD. couldn't he; Neither（）21.-I'd love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework________.-If you don't go, _____ .A. to do; so do IB. to do; nor will IC. doing; so will ID. do; neither am I（）22.-My mother hardly watches any sports shows. -_________A. So do mine.B. So does mine.C. Neither do mine.D. Neither does mine.（）23. If you go to his party tomorrow, .A. won't, neither do IB. don't, neither will IC. don't, neither do ID. /, so do I（）24. -I couldn't work out the math problem.-________. I found ________ difficult for us to do it.A. So could I; thisB. Neither could I; itC. So can I; thatD. Neither I could; it（）25.Only _________ save his life.A. can the doctorB. the doctor canC. will the doctorD. could the doctor（）26. Jenny, together with the Greens the White Tower Park if it tomorrow.A. are going to; isn't rainyB. is going to; doesn't rainC. are going to; won't rainD. is going to; isn't rain（）27. The singer and the writer come to the meeting.A. hasB. isC. haveD. are（）28. Either the students or the teacher him very well.A. knowsB. to knowC. knowD. knew（）29. of the students in our class _____ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A. Two fifths, isB. Second fifths, areC. Second fifths, isD. Two fifths, are（）30.There a pen and two rulers on the desk.A. hasB. areC. haveD. is（）31. Listening to tapes _______ a good way to learn English.A. isB. areC. amD. be（）32. This museum ______ here for over 80 years. It ______one of the oldest buildings in this city.A. is; wasB. had been; isC. was; has beenD. has been; is（）33 .________green or ________in a light green room ________good for us.A. Wear, sleep, isB. Wearing, sleeping, areC. Wear, sleep, areD. Wearing, sleeping, is （）34. Running and swimming ____ good for you.A. beB. isC. areD. maybe（）35.-Betty, do you know if Tony _______ the photo competition?-He will, if he _______ his project on Australia.A. enters; finishesB. enters; will finishC. will enter; finishesD. will enter; will finish （）36. -The teacher told the students ________ the task in one day.-That's too long. I think four hours ________ enough.A. to finish; isB. to finish; areC. finish; isD. finish; are（）37.-Li Lei, you'd better go to bed early.-Ok, I'll go to bed as soon as I ______ my homework.A. will finishB. finishingC. finishD. finishes（）38.Twelve-year-olds ______ to have jobs in our country.A. is not allowedB. are allowedC. is allowedD. are not allowed（）39.________ the students in our school _______ over two thousand.A. The number of; isB. The number of; areC. A number of; isD. A number of; are （）40.- What kind of movies do you prefer?-I prefer the movies ________ me something to think about.A. that giveB. that givesC. what givesD. who gives（）41. -What _____ to your city in recent years?-Lots of wide roads, tall buildings and beautiful parks have been built.A. takes placeB. have happenedC. has happenedD. happened（）42.These CDs well, and they will soon.A. sell; sold outB. sell out; be soldC. sell; be sold outD. sold out; be sold（）43.-What does he look like?- He ______________ of medium height and he ______________ small eyes.A. has; hasB. is; isC. has; isD. is; has（）44.In our school library, there a number of books and the number of them _______ growing larger and larger,A. is; areB. has; isC. are; isD. have; are（）45. -There ______ a magic show next week. Would you like to go with me?-Sure, I'd love to.A. will haveB. isC. is going to haveD. is going to be（）46.All the club members _______ the floor when they heard someone _______ for help.A. swept; were shoutingB. swept; shoutedC. were sweeping; shoutingD. was sweeping; shouted（）47. As a result of the earthquake, two thirds of the buildings in the area .A. need repairingB. needs repairingC. needs to be repairedD. need to repair（）48.We all know that the Moon ________ around the Earth.A. is going to travelB. has travelledC. travelsD. travelled（）49.-What languages ______ in that country? -German and English.A. are speakingB. is spokenC. speakD. are spoken（）50. The girl, as well as her parents ________ to the park, and all of them ________ very happy.A. go; areB. goes; feelsC. went; areD. goes; feel2. 语法填空（共24题；共24分）1. I like teachers who________(be) always friendly, helpful and fair to each student.2. Li Lei is interested in English and he ________ (watch) BBC News every day.3. My mother with her friends often ________ (go) shopping on weekends.4. Both she and I________ (be) going to graduate this term.5. Millie said she ________ (visit) her grandparents the day after tomorrow.6.The wealthy girl looks beautiful. She ________ (dress) by a famous dressmaker.7. Mrs. Green ________ (choose) by the volunteer group last year.8. Everyone except Tom and John________(be) there when the meeting began.9.To my surprise, he ________（not realize）his mistakes yet.10. Don't worry. There ________(come) the bus.11. If Nancy ________ (pass) the exam, she will go to Australia for English study.12. Knowledge ________ (be) power.13. I had my finger cut when I ________ (divide) the watermelon into pieces.14. I'll ring you up as soon as I ________ (arrive) there tomorrow,15. Be quiet! A bird ________ (eat) something over there.16.-Could you tell me what you ________ (do) at this time last weekend?-I was studying for the exams.17. We Chinese ________ (encourage) by the touching documentary Amazing China.18. -Waiter, a glass of orange juice, please. -Sorry. Orange juice ________ (serve) only for breakfast.19.The mid-term exam is coming. The students each ________ (study) for the exam at present.20.Those dried flowers ________ (not sell) as well as the fresh ones.21.Every day the supermarket ________ (close) at 9:00 p. m.22.Ten kilometers ________ (seem) a long way for the old people to walk.23. 他不仅英语说得正确，还说得流利。

2024年初中英语语法专题复习之主谓一致详解英语主谓一致是初中英语学习的重点之一，也是中考考试的考点之一。

为了帮助同学们更好地掌握这一知识点，下面我将为大家归纳总结一下英语主谓一致的考点。

一、什么是主谓一致?主谓一致是指谓语动词的形式要和主语的人称和数保持一致。

也就是说，主语是单数，谓语动词就用单数形式;主语是复数，谓语动词就用复数形式;主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词就用第三人称单数形式。

这是英语语法中的一个重要概念，也是英语学习的重点之一。

判断主语的人称和数可以通过观察句子中的名词或代词来确定。

一般情况下，人名、地名、组织机构名称等专有名词作为主语时，人称和数是固定的，需要根据上下文来判断。

而普通名词或代词则可以通过它们的人称和数来判断主语的人称和数。

主谓一致的应用范围非常广泛，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、现在完成时、将来时、过去进行时等。

在实际应用中，需要注意一些特殊情况，如复数主语、不定式主语、代词主语、动名词主语等。

二、如何判断主语的人称和数?判断主语的人称和数可以通过观察句子中的名词或代词来确定。

一般情况下，人名、地名、组织机构名称等专有名词作为主语时，人称和数是固定的，需要根据上下文来判断。

而普通名词或代词则可以通过它们的人称和数来判断主语的人称和数。

具体来说，以下是一些常见的名词或代词，以及它们对应的人称和数:人名:第三人称单数，如John、Mary等;第一人称复数，如We、They等。

地名:第三人称单数，如New York、Beijing等;第一人称复数，如We、They等。

组织机构名称:第三人称单数，如The White House、The Pentagon 等;第一人称复数，如We、They等。

代词:第三人称单数，如He、She、It等;第一人称复数，如We、They等。

普通名词:单数形式，如book、dog等;复数形式，如books、dogs 等。

需要注意的是，有些名词或代词在使用时会有变化，例如单数变为复数、第三人称变为第一人称等。

定义：主谓一致是指1。

语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2。

意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致.3。

就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词用动词复数.主谓一致的用法：1.单数名词(代词）,不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式，复数名词（代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。

例如：The desk is Tom’s。

这张桌子是汤姆的.Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里.The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球.2。

many a+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。

例如: Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

3. more than one+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。

例如：More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目,长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。

例如：Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。

Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy。

2 0英镑并不太重。

Ten miles isn't a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。

Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。

5。

主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every）+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。

例如:Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。

中考英语复习：主谓一致和倒装句从单项选择到书面表达，都可能涉及到主谓一致的题，是中考试卷必考题目。

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致必须遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。

语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。

意义一致原则是主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致，即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，则谓语动词用复数形式；若主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。

就近一致原则也叫邻近原则，是指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。

倒装句因为与汉语语言习惯的不同和较多的句型结构而成为初中英语的难点，在中考试卷中也总有一定的比例，尤其在阅读理解和完形填空中对上下文的理解会有很大的影响，因此也是中考复习的重点。

语法一致原则谓语和主语通常从语法形式上取得一致，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也为复数形式。

如：The boy is clever enough to study maths well.这个男孩够聪明，可以把数学学好。

Everybody in my class tries to do well in English.我们班每个人都努力学好英语。

下列情况谓语动词只能用单数：1）不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：Water is very important to the trees.水对树来说非常重要。

2）动词不定式或者动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：To improve your English is the most important work.提高你的英语是最重要的工作。

Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。

主谓一致详解【基础知识】主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。

对大多数人来说，往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。

一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配：语法一致原则(grammatical concord)意义一致原则(notional concord)就近原则(principle of proximity)（一）语法一致原则用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致，就是语法一致。

也就是说，如果名词中心词是单数，动词用单数形式；如果名词中心词是复数，动词用复数形式。

例如：This table is a genuine antique.Both parties have their own advantages.Her job has something to do with computers.She wants to go home.They are divorcing each other.Mary was watching herself in the mirror.The bird built a nest.Susan comes home every week-end.（二）意义一致原则有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。

例如：Democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy.A barracks was attacked by the guerilla.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.The United States is a developed country.It is the remains of a ruined palace.The archives was lost.This pair of trousers costs fifty dollars.（三）就近原则有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。

中考英语专题复习：主谓一致中考英语专项复------主谓一致【主谓一致命题】1、主谓一致的语法一致原则2、主谓一致的整体一致原则3、主谓一致的就近一致原则4、主谓一致的意义一致原则5、主谓一致的附加原则【考点】一、由or, either... or... , neither... nor... , not only...but also... , whether...or...等连接并列主语时,常采用就近原则,动词与最靠近的主语保持一致。

【考例】Not only Jim but also his sister ______a XXX China．[临沂市]A．will visitB. has visitedC．have visitedC has been; allD．visitedD．has been; bothXXX nor his cousins _______to America, but _____of them know the country very well. [0潍坊市]A．have been；a11B. have been; bothnumber of作定语,相当于many,谓语动词用复数。

【考例】Look! There _______ playing with XXX. (包头)A. are a number of deerB. are a number of deersC. is a number of deerD. is a number of deersThe number of ________ in our class ________ fifty. (烟台)A. student, isB. the students, areC. the students, isD. students, are3、动词不定式、动名词和名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词经常使用单数方式。

中考英语主谓一致语法知识复习(名师精讲语法知识点+名师解析答案，建议下载保存)(绝对精品复习资料，值得下载练习)英语中的主谓一致包括主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致、时态一致和名词与其代词的一致。

主谓一致只要是指第一种。

一．主谓一致的三原则主谓一致一般要遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

当三者冲突时，优先考虑意义一致原则。

1. 语法一致原则主语和谓语通常从语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。

Percy has made great progress in Chinese since he came to China. 珀西自从到中国来，汉语水平取得了很大的进步。

The children are very fond of working on the farm. 孩子们非常喜欢在农场工作。

2. 意义一致原则意义一致原则从意义着眼来解决主谓一致的问题。

有时，主语形式上为单数，但意义上却是复数，那么谓语应当采用复数形式；有时，主语形式上为复数，但意义上却是单数，那么谓语应当采用单数形式。

(1). 当主语由as well as/with/along with/together with/accompanied by/rather than/in addition to/rather than/more than 等连接时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。

California, along with Florida and Hawaii, is among the most popular US tourist destinations. 加利福尼亚，与佛罗里达和夏威夷，位于美国最受欢迎的旅游胜地之列。

The teacher, with all his students, is going to have a picnic this weekend. 老师打算这个周末与学生们一起去野炊。

2020年英语中考归纳复习专题：主谓一致【主谓一致】语法一致原则语法一致是指句子的主语和谓语通常在语法形式上保持一致。

即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词用复数形式。

注意：由and连接的并列主语如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词),则谓语动词用单数形式。

如：The writer and professor is very popular in our school.这位作家兼教授在我们学校很受欢迎。

【考点训练1】1.The book ___________ (describe) how tea plants ______ (was) grown and used to make tea.2.One of the world’s most dangerous sports _____ (be) mountain climbing.3.Jim together with his parents ____ (be) going to travel next week.4.Both Tom and Peter ______ (like) playing ping-pong.5.If a shark doesn’t have a fin,it can no longer swim and slowly ______ (die).6.The mayor(市长) as well as volunteer workers ____ the newly-built stadium. （）A.were cleaningB.are cleaningC.is cleaningD.have cleaned7.About 60 percent of the students ___ from the south;the rest of them ___ from the north and foreign countries. （）A.are;isB.is;isC.is;areD.are;are答案：describes were is is like dies C D意义一致原则意义一致又叫概念一致，即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语表达的概念。

2020英语中考复习专题-----主谓一致讲解一、主谓一致的含义“主谓一致”指的是句子的主语谓语在“人称”和“数”上的一致关系，也就是说，谓语的单复数取决于主语的形式和内容。

二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：语法一致，就近一致和意义一致。

（一）、语法一致：主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。

e.g. I often help him and he often helps me.不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。

1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语：（1）这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物，谓语动词用复数形式。

例如：① My brother and I have both seen that film.① Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.（2）这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物，谓语动词用单数形式,这时and 后面的名词前没有冠词。

例：① The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.① Law and order has been established.① One more knife and fork is needed.①Bread and butter is our daily food.（3）这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

例句：① Each doctor and（each）nurse was given a new shirt.① No sound and no voice is heard.① Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.2. 动名词，不定式，主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

专题12 主谓一致本章节内容 1. 语法一致原则2.意义一致原则3.就近原则一、语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致,即主语是单数形式时,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词也采用复数形式。

1.当and连接两个或多个名词或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

Tom and Mike are good friends.Tom和Mike是好朋友。

Both Lucy and Lily are students.Lucy和Lily都是学生。

2.either,neither,each one,the other,another,anybody,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone, everybody,everything,nobody,no one,nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

Is there anything wrong with your bike?你的自行车有什么毛病吗?Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都为运动会做好了准备。

3.each,each...and each...,every...and every...作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每个男孩和女孩都收到了一本新书。

4.在下列结构中,谓语动词的形式和前面的A部分保持一致。

A++B+谓语动词+...1.The boy together with his parents goes to the museum once a week.那个男孩同他的父母一起每周去一次博物馆。

2.The captain,as well as the other players,was tired.队长还有其他运动员都感到累了。

动词则用单数形式
[续表]
用法
例句
My glasses are old. I want to buy a 一些表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词,
new pair. 如glasses, trousers, gloves, scissors
我的眼镜旧了。我想买副新的。 等,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。若
A pair of new shoes is given to him as 用pair等词修饰,谓语动词的单复数形
用单数形式
heart.
世上无难事,只怕有心人。
“the+姓氏名词的复数形式”(表示 “某某夫妇”或“某某一家人”)作主 语时,谓语动词用复数形式
The Browns are playing basketball. 布朗一家正在打篮球。
[续表]
用法
例句
主语前若有all, some, half, enough等 All the meat smells terrible.
数名词43;of+名词”以及“a
lot of/lots of/half of/the rest of/(a) Lots of damage was caused by fires. part of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的 很多损失是火灾造成的。 单复数形式由of后面的名词决定
考点二 意义一致原则
意义一致原则是指从意义上处理主谓一致关系。谓语动词的单复数形式取
决于主语所表示的概念。
用法
例句
有些词如maths, news, physics虽以-s Maths is one of the most important
结尾,但表示单数意义。其作主语时,谓 subjects.

中考英语知识点梳理主谓一致讲解主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

在英语中，主谓一致是非常重要的语法规则，它能够帮助我们正确地表达句子的语法结构和意思。

下面是关于中考英语主谓一致的知识点梳理。

1.一般情况下，主谓一致是指主语是单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式；主语是复数时，谓语动词要用原形。

例：- He plays basketball every day.（他每天都打篮球。

）- They play basketball every day.（他们每天都打篮球。

）2. 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加上-s或-es。

例：- She likes reading.（她喜欢阅读。

）- He goes to school by bus.（他坐公交车去学校。

）3. 当主语是以-s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -o结尾的名词时，谓语动词要加上-es。

例：- The bus stops here.（公交车在这里停。

）- Tom watches TV every evening.（汤姆每天晚上看电视。

）4. 当主语是以辅音字母+y结尾的名词时，谓语动词要变成以-ies结尾。

例：- The baby cries all night.（婴儿整晚哭。

）- The puppies play in the garden.（小狗在花园里玩。

）5.当主语是以元音字母+y结尾的名词时，谓语动词要加上-s。

例：- The toy is on the bed.（玩具在床上。

）- The boy stays at home.（男孩待在家里。

）6.当主语是由两个或多个名词作并列主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。

例：- Tom and his friends are going to the park.（汤姆和他的朋友们要去公园。

）- My father and mother are doctors.（我的爸爸和妈妈是医生。

主谓一致【考点直击】1. 语法一致的原则2. 意义一致的原则3. 邻近一致的原则【考点聚焦】主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，从近年来中考的试题来看，对主谓一致的考查主要集中在以下内容：1、动名词、动词不定式、不定代词，时间，金钱，距离做主语谓语要用单数2、由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

3、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。

4、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。

5、当表示国家，城市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志，及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

The New York Times is reading all over the United States . 《纽约时报》6、 news ，maths，physics ，politics等词貌似复数，实为单数，其谓语动词用单数.7、“the +形容词”(如the poor ，the rich ，the young， the old ， the dead ，the sick，the brave 等)作主语，谓语动词往往用复数18、有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

注意：如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。

例如：Here are some new pairs of shoes.My new pair of socks is on the bed.9 、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。

10 、疑问代词作主语时，主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。

中考英语主谓一致考点归纳概述：主谓一致是指谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致，遵循三个原那么：语法一致原那么、意义一致原那么、就近一致原那么。

考点一：语法一致原那么主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上一致，即主语是单数形式时,谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式时,谓语动词也采用复数形式。

1.当and或both ...and…连接两个或两个以上的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。

Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和莉莉都是学生。

2.不定代词either,neither,each one,theother,another,anybody,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone, everybody,everything,nobody,no one,nothing 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Is there anything wrong with your bike?你的自行车有什么毛病吗？Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都为运动会做好了准备。

3.由each,each ...and each every,every ...and every ...作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Each boy and each girl was given a new uniform.给了每一个男孩和每一个女孩一件新校服。

4.主语后接有with,along with,together with,as well as,including,besides,like,except,but等词或短语时，谓语动词的数由主语的单、复数形式决定。

Mr. Green with his wife and two daughters is coming to Beijing.格林先生将和他的夫人及两个女儿一块儿来北京。

2024年初中英语语法复习之主谓一致知识归纳一.概念:主谓一致是指：主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致包括语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。

例如:Tom is a good student.（汤姆是个好学生。

）The students are playing football on the playground.（学生们正在操场上踢足球。

）意义一致原则：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:My family are having lunch now.（我们一家人现在正吃午饭。

）Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.（这本书20美元太贵了。

）就近一致原则：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。

例如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.（不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。

）There is a pen and some books on the desk.（课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

）1.当并列结构作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。

并列结构是指由and, or, but等连接词或并列连词连接起来的两个或多个句子或短语。

例如:We are going to the beach and you are ing too.(我们要去海滩，你也要来。

)在这个句子中，并列结构作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

She likes to play basketball and he likes to play football.(她喜欢打篮球，他则喜欢踢足球。

2020年中考英语语法复习方案13《主谓一致》【趋势解读】主谓一致是英语语言中特有的语法现象，受汉语的影响，初中考生容易忽视而导致错误，这就要求考生掌握好这一知识点。

预计中考及自主招生关于本专题命题趋势如下: 各地中考中主要是考查一般现在时和现在完成时中的主谓一致，分值为4~5分左右;而自主招生考试中将着重考查就近原则及意义一致，分值在5~8分。

【思维引导】精彩笔记1 语法一致的原则(1)当主语是单数形式时，谓语动词用单数形式。

(2)主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。

(3)“名词+but /except /besides /with /as well as+名词”作主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上与第一个名词保持一致。

核心题根1 —How many people are there in your group?—Four. Three boys in our group this time.A. isB. areC. wereD. was思路点拨:此题主语three boys为复数，时间为现在，故be动词应为现在时的复数形式同类变式1 Everybody except Mike and Linda there when the meeting began.A. isB. areC. wasD. were易错警示如果主语由“a number of+复数名词”构成，谓语动词要用复数形式，意思为“许多的……”;而“the number of斗复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，意思为“……的数量”。

A number of our school students are going to visit the Great Wall.我们学校有许多学生要去游览长城。

The number of our school students is about 1,000.我们学校的学生人数大约为一千人。

精彩笔记2 就近一致的原则就近一致的原则是指谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。