形容词化的过去分词

非谓语动词的用法总结非谓语动词是汉语中一种特殊的动词形式，它不具备人称和数的特征，并不直接表达动作的主体，而是依附于其他句子成分，用来修饰名词、动词、形容词或整个句子。

非谓语动词包括了不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。

今天我们就来总结一下它们的用法。

一、不定式（infinitive）是一种基本的非谓语动词形式，它的形态是“to + 动词原形”。

不定式可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语等。

例如：1. 作主语：To learn a new language is never too late.学一门新语言永远都不会太晚。

2. 作宾语：I want to visit Paris in the spring.我想在春天去巴黎旅游。

3. 作定语：The best way to improve your English is to practice every day.提高英语的最好方法就是每天练习。

4. 作表语：His dream is to become a famous musician.他的梦想是成为一名著名的音乐家。

5. 作同位语：Her wish is for everyone to be happy.她的愿望是每个人都快乐。

二、动名词（gerund）是名词化的动词，它的形态是动词的现在分词形式（V-ing），可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语等。

例如：1. 作主语：Swimming is good for your health.游泳对身体健康有好处。

2. 作宾语：He enjoys playing basketball in his free time.他喜欢在空闲时间打篮球。

3. 作定语：I have a meeting with my boss this afternoon.我今天下午有个与老板的会议。

4. 作表语：Her favorite activity is dancing.她最喜欢的活动是跳舞。

名词变复数、动词三单形式现在分词过去分词过去式变化及形容词副词级别变化名词变复数名词变复数的规则变化1．⼀般名词复数是在名词后⾯加上“s”，如map→maps，bag→bags等；2．以s，sh，ch，x等结尾的词加“es”，如bus→buses，watch→watches等；3．以辅⾳字母＋y结尾的词，变y为“i”加“es”，如baby→babies等；以元⾳字母＋y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加“s”变复数，如monkey→monkeys，holiday→holidays；4．以o 结尾的名词变复数时：a）⽆⽣命的加“s”，名词有：photo→photos，piano→pianos，radio→radios，zoo→zoos b）有⽣命的加“es”，名词有：potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes；5．以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：a）加“s”的名词有：belief→beliefs，roof→roofs，safe→safes，gulf→gulfsb）去掉f，fe加“ves”的名词有：half→halves knife→knives，leaf→leaves，wolf→wolves，wife→wives，life→lives，thief→thieves；名词变复数的不规则变化1）child→children，foot→feet，tooth→teeth，mouse→mice，man→men，woman→women （注意：由⼀个词加man 或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。

但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。

）.2）单复同形，如:deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese.3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

非谓语动词过去分词与现在分词不同，过去分词表示被动的意义，表示已经完成和被动的动作。

在表现形式上，过去分词形式只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形词尾加-ed构成。

不规则动词的过去分词形式没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。

以do为例，其过去分词为done。

一、过去分词的句法功能1. 作表语过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。

用作表语的过去分词大多来自及物动词，多表示“感到…”例如：The man looked quite _____________．(disappoint)He is greatly _______________ by her refusal．(discourage)已经形容词化了的过去分词大多可作表语，常见的有：accomplished，amazed，amused，astonished，broken，closed，completed，complicated，confused，crowded，devoted，disappointed，discouraged，drunk，excited，frightened，hurt，interested，lost，satisfied，surprised, worried等。

选择：As we joined the big crowd I got ____________ from my friends. (NMET 2001)A. separatedB. sparedC. lostD. missed2. 作定语a)前置定语的过去分词通常来自及物动词，带有被动意义和完成意义。

例如：We like skating in the _____lake in the winter．= We like skating in the lake which has been frozen in the winter．How many__________ products have you got up to now? = How many products that have been finished have you got up to now?来自不及物动词的过去分词很少能单独用作前置定语，能作这样用的仅限以下几个词，这时仅表示完成意义，不表示被动意义：a __________ worker = a worker who has retired an ___________ prisoner = a prisoner who has escapeda ___________ flower = a flower that has faded ____________ leaves= leaves that have fallenthe ________ sun = the sun that has just risen a ____________ student = a student who has returned____________ treasure = treasure that has vanished注意：boiling water the rising sun falling leaves developing countriesboiled water the risen sun fallen leaves developed countriesb)用作后置定语的过去分词通常也来自及物动词，表示被动意义和完成意义。

不规则动词过去式、过去分词变化表种类汉语原形过去式过去分词能can could /AB 型将要；会；⋯好shall should / 将要；会；愿意；要will would /可以；也；可能may might /（多少）；花cost cost cost切；剪；削；割cut cut cut打；撞；中hit hit hit害；受；人感情hurt hurt hurtlet let let AAA 型必；当；必定是must must must 放；put put put放；部署set set set关上；封 / 禁；合shut shut shut延伸；张开spread spread spread；朗read read read /red/ AAB 型敲打；打；打beat beat beaten 得；成become became become ABA 型来；抵达come came come 跑/ 奔跑；（色）褪色run ran run拿来；来；取来bring brought broughtbuy bought bought 想；；考think thought thought接/ 捉住 ;追上 ;染上（疾病）catch caught caught教；教teach taught taught建筑；建立build built built借（出）；把⋯借lend lent lent打；派遗；送；寄send sent sentABB 型度；花（ / ）spend spent spent 失去；失lose lost lost 粘住；住；持stick stuck stuck 挖（洞、沟等）；掘dig dug dug 挂；吊着；把⋯吊起hang hung hung 感；得；摸；触feel felt felt 保持；保存；不断keep kept kept 睡sleep slept slept嗅；到；出（气味）smell smelt smelt 拼写spell spelt spelt溢出；出；洒出spill spilt spilt 放；lay laid laid 付；⋯ 酬pay paid paid ；say said said；售sell sold sold 告；述；叮嘱tell told told坐sit sat sat吐痰；吐唾沫spit spat spat 站；立；起立；stand stood stood 坐落；受；长远懂得；理解；理解understand understood understood 燃 / 着火；使焦 / 晒黑burn burnt burntABB 型学；学；学会learn learnt learnt 意思是；意指mean meant meant 糟蹋；坏；溺spoil spoilt spoilt 梦；梦想dream dreamt dreamt 喂（养）；（养）feed fed fed 遇；到meet met met ；lead led led 成；获取；拥有；达到get got got 光；照耀；优异；擦亮shine shone shone ；得win won won 有；吃 / 喝；行 / 受have / has had had 制造；做；使得make made made 听；听；得知hear heard heard 打架 / 仗；与⋯打仗fight fought fought 找到；；感觉find found found 拿/ 抱；握住 ;行hold held held 是be was/were been 开始；着手begin began begun 喝；drink drank drunkABC 型（ / ）响；打ring rang rung 唱；唱歌sing sang sung下沉；吞没sink sank sunk吹；刮；吹气blow blew blown（ / 机）；（人乘机）fly flew flown 行；（旌旗）生；育；种植；得grow grew grown知道；认识；；懂得know knew known投；；扔throw threw thrown画；制；拉；拖；提取draw drew drawn （金）⋯看；出示；示show showed shown打破；坏；打开break broke broken；偷取steal stole stolenchoose chose chosen 忘；忘掉forget forgot forgotten冰freeze froze frozen；；；言speak spoke spoken醒；醒来；叫醒wake woke woken；开（）；赶drive drove driven ABC 型吃eat ate eaten 落（下）；降落 ; 倒fall fell fallen；；付出；予give gave given把⋯藏起来；藏hide hid hidden（ / 自行）；乘ride rode ridden上升；上rise rose risen拿；拿走；做；take took taken 服（）；乘坐；花弄mistake mistook mistaken（使）；震shake shook shaken写；写；写作；著述write wrote written是am / is was been是are were been做；干do did done去；走；得；通往go went gone躺；卧；平放；位于lie lay lain看 / 到；会；拜会see saw seen穿；戴wear wore worn短文改错答题技巧（一）短文改错考点1.名词：单复数用错，可数名词跟不可以数名词混用2.数词 :基数词和序数词混用3.形容词 :最高等前少 the, 单音节前加 more, 或比较级前加 more4.冠词： an, a, the5.代词：性别用错，单复数用错6.连词： but, and, so, because混用7. 固定搭配：带有介词的短语，介词用错，如：talk about---talk for/in/at8.固定用法： keep doing sth, be interested in doing sth/sth9.时态 :一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时10. 语态：主动和被动混用被动：be +过去分词（二）改错技巧1.看到 an,改为 a, 也许 the2.ing 改为 ed 结尾3.单数变复数，也许复数变单数4.主动改被动，或被动改主动5.but 改 and, 或 and 改 but, so 改 because, because改 so,6.看到 but 就删掉7.形容词 +ly/er/est。

过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法过分(表示和被动的动作) 是有形容词.副词的作用,在句中可以用作定语,表语,宾语补足语和状语足语和状语1.定语: 过分做定语,表示分词的动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系,单一的确过去分词做定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前,过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰的名词之后,过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句The broken window (=The window which was broken) will be replaced soon. 破损的窗户很快就会被换掉. The books bought yesterday (=which were bought yesterday) are of high quality. 昨天买的书确实很不错昨天买的书确实很不错【点拨】过去分词和与其相关的名词、代词之间构成一种"动宾关系"，即"被动态"。

过去分词作定语，主要说明"业已完成的动作"或是"一个在以前某个未知时间发生的动作" 。

单个过去分词作定语，分词一般说来写在被修饰的名词、代词之前；分词短语作定语时，分词放在被修饰词之后在被修饰词之后(1)表示情绪的过去分词作定语：表示情绪的过去分词作定语：--She threw me a quick, frightened glance.他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼--His face wore a puzzled expression.他脸上有一种困惑的表情他脸上有一种困惑的表情--He had a pleased look on his face.他脸上现出高兴的神情他脸上现出高兴的神情--We can hear his excited voice.我们可以听到他激动的声音我们可以听到他激动的声音----The inspired soldier soon calmed down. 那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了--The frightened girl sat in the corner quietly. 那位吓得惊慌的姑娘一声不响地坐在角落里。

Section ⅢGrammar——过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语[语境自主领悟]考点一过去分词作定语1．过去分词作定语时，相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。

分词所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。

The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举办的音乐会很成功。

2．单个的过去分词作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词前；而过去分词短语作定语时，常常置于其所修饰的名词后。

They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。

The meeting，attended by over five thousand people，welcomed the great hero.(他们举行了)欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。

3．过去分词及过去分词短语作定语一般可转换为一个定语从句。

We must adapt our regulations to the changed conditions.＝We must adapt our regulations to the conditions that have been changed.我们必须调整规章制度来适应变化了的情况。

4．有些过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义不同。

in the given time在既定的时间内with the words given用所给的单词a concerned look一个关切的神情the people concerned有关人士[名师点津]及物动词的过去分词除表示“完成”的动作之外，还表示“被动”的意义。

如：spoken English(英语口语)；iced beer(冰冻啤酒)；cooked food(熟食)；fried chips(炸土豆条)。

不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作，而不表示“被动”意义。

谢孟媛中级文法(分词)(总6页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--分词(69-74)分词分词是动词和形容词的混合一.修饰名词的现在分词现在分词+名词1. A drowning man will catch at a straw. 此时表进行2.I saw a lot of falling stars last night. 此时表主动名词+现在分词1.I know the girl talking to the teacher.I know the girl who is talking to the teacher.2.The woman waving from the window is my mom.The woman who is waving from the window is my mom.重点现在分词伴随着受词,补语,或副词也可作形容词使用a heartbreaking storya hardworking mana man-eating tigera healthy-looking manan English-speaking people 名族,可数a life-saving machine重点形容词化的现在分词(已经是形容词了)an exciting gamean interesting performancean amusing jokea charming ladya promising boy 有前途的男孩重点有些现在分词放在形容词前,可当副词使用,用以加强形容词的程度freezing colda burning red dress 火红的洋装boiling hot 酷热scorching hot 酷热dripping wet湿淋淋的二.修饰名词的过去分词过去分词+名词1. A broken bottle lay on the floor.2.The tired worker took a rest.名词+过去分词1.Shirts made of silk are rather expensive.Shirts which are made of silk are rather expensive.2.We keep a dog named/called Snoopy.We keep a dog which was/is named/called Snoopy.重点形容词化的过去分词1.He was/looked surprised at the news.The news was surprising to him.2.I am very satisfied with the result.3.How pleased she will be to see you!4.How learned he is. 博学重点和形容词相同,the+现在分词/过去分词,可当名词,表一类人the dying (those who are dying) 垂死的人the killed and the wounded (those who were killed and wounded) 死伤者注意此三者视为单数the accused 被告the deceased 死者the unexpected 不可预期的事重点现在分词或过去分词当形容词代表的意思不同A.不及物动词的现在分词>表进行不及物动词的现在分词>表完成1.falling leaves (leaves which are falling)fallen leaves (leaves which have fallen)2.boiling water (water which is boiling)boiled water (water which have boiled)B.及物动词的现在分词>表主动>令人~的及物动词的现在分词>表被动>感到~的1. a refreshing breeze 清爽的微风feel refreshed感到清爽2.a frightening scene 令人恐惧的画面a frightened child 感到恐惧的小孩3.a disappointing mattera disappoint look 感到失望的表情三.S+V+C(分词)现在分词可作go, come, keep, lie躺, sit, stand, walk等动词之后主词补语,用以表示伴随着的动作1.The children came running to meet their parents.2.We stood looking at the monkeys.过去分词可放在appear, seem, look, become, feel, get变得, sit, lie, remain等后,用以表示动作所产生的结果1.The house appeared/looked/seemed deserted.2.She sat surrounded by her grandchildren.四.S+V+O+C(分词)现在分词可作感官动词look at, see等和keep, leave(让~保持~), set设定, start, catch, find等动词后的受词补语1.He left the engine running.He let his daughter watch TV. Let是语气轻的使役动词,有允许之意2.We heard the rain beating against the window.用beat表纯粹陈述一件事情用beating表那时候正在3.The smoke started her coughing.Start sb. Ving 使某人开始~过去分词可作为感官动词及let, like, make, want, would like, wish等动词后的受词补语1.I couldn’t make myself understood in English. 我无法用英文表达我的意思I couldn’t make myself understand English.2.I would like this work finished by noon.重点have+O+现在分词1.表允许>用于否定句I can’t have the children playing in my room. 我允许小朋友玩,表达一种状态I had the children play in my room. 我叫小朋友玩2.表[使~;让~]She had the children laughing again. 她让小朋友又笑了起来,表达一种状态She had the children laugh. 她让小朋友笑have+O+过去分词1.表[使得~]>使役I had my hair cut yesterday.2.表[被~]>有被害之意I had my money stolen.五.分词构句A.分词构句的形成原则上,主要子句与分词构句主词一致1.When I opened the door, I heard a strange sound.Opening the door, I heard a strange sound.主次相同,省略; 连接词视情况省略2.As I was ill, I couldn’t go to school.Being ill, I couldn’t go to school.B.分词构句的含义a.表时间意指when, while等1.Seeing the accident, she began to cry.When she saw the accident, she began to cry.2.Keeping him waiting outside, she did her shopping.do shopping在买, go shopping逛逛而已While she kept him waiting outside, she did her shopping.b.表原因,理由意指because, since, as等1.Because he is a kind man, he is loved by everyone.Being a kind man, he is loved by everyone.2.Because I did n’t know what to say, I remained silent.Not knowing what to say, I remained silent.c.表附带状况1.I ran all the way, and I arrived just in time.I ran all the way,arriving just in time.2.I washed the dishes as I listen to my favorite music.I washed the dishes, listening to my favorite music.d.表条件if1.If you turn left after the bank, you will see our house on you right.If turning left after the bank, you will see our house on you right.If 不可省2.If you arrive earlier, you will have to wait for a while.If arriving earlier, you will have to wait for a while.e.表让步though, although1.Though I admit (that) you’re right, I still can’t agree with you.Admitting you’re right, I still can’t agree with you.子音+母音+子音 >双写加ing2.Although he lives near my house, he seldom comes to see me.Living near my house, he seldom comes to see me.分词构句的位置句首Hearing the news, he got angry.句中Romeo, believing that Juliet was dead, decided to kill himself.句尾The teacher went out of the classroom, mumbling something.六.分词构句的被动态,完成形,否定形A.被动态>(being)+.being后是.则可省略, 若为名词,形容词,则不可1.As he was exhausted by his hard work, he went to bed earlier than usual.(Being) Exhausted by hard work, he went to bed earlier than usual.He works hard.His hard work2.As it is written in simple English, the book is easy to read.(Being) Written in simple English, the book is easy to read.B.完成形>having+.1.Since I have seen him before, I know him well.Having seen him before, I know him well.2.After he had graduated from college, he became a journalist.Having graduated from college, he became a journalist.had+.>having+C.完成形的被动(having been)Since she has been brought up in Paris, she speaks French very.(Having been) Brought up in Paris, she speaks French very.分词构句是附属,并不注重时态,但要明确主被动D.否定形not/never+Ving or not/never+having+1.As the teacher didn’t hear the bell, the teacher kept on teaching.Not hearing the bell, the teacher kept on teaching.2.Because he had not done his homework, he felt uneasy.Not having done his homework, he felt uneasy.七.独立分词构句主词不同1.When the sun had set, we started for home. 启程回家The sun having set, we started for home.2.Because it was Sunday, the stores were all closed/all the stores were closed.It being Sunday, the stores were all closed.3.Because there was no bridge, we had to swim across the river.There being no bridge, we had to swim across the river.must没有过去式,其过去式用had to 表现4.We’ll go on a picnic if the weather permits.We’ll go on a picnic, the weather permitting.picnic-picnickingwe’ll go on a picnic=we’ll picnic八.with+名词/代名词+分词用以表示附带状况1.I stood there with my heart beating violently. 主动2.The table was rather disorderly with several magazines lying open on it. 有几份杂志摊开在上面说谎 lie-lied-lied-lying躺,存在(vi.) lie-lay-lain-lying 不及物动词没有被动,故用lying, open是形容词母鸡下蛋,放置(vt.) lay-laid-laid-laying3.He came in with his boots covered in mud. 靴子上尽是泥巴4.He stood in front of us with his arms folded. 双手交叉九.分词构句的惯用表现generally speakingstrictly speaking = to be strictfrankly speaking = to be frankjudging fromspeaking/talking of~ 谈到~according to~ = according as S+Vconsidering~ 考虑到~1.Frankly speaking/to be frank, I find the job boring.2.Judging from the way she is dressed, she must be going to (go to) the party.她的穿着the way she is dressedI will go to a movie.I am going to go to a movie. be going toI am going to a movie. be doing3.Talking of the radio, what/which program do you like4.According to(prep.) the paper, there was a big fire in that hotel.According as the paper said, there was a big fire in that hotel.。

不规则动词过去式、过去分词变化表类型汉语原形过去式过去分词能can could/AB型将要；会；…好吗shall should/将要；会；愿意；要will would/可以；也许；可能may might/值（多少钱）；花费cost cost cost切；剪；削；割cut cut cut打；撞；击中hit hit hit伤害；受伤；伤人感情hurt hurt hurt让let let let AAA型必须；应当；必定是must must must放；摆put put put放；安置set set set关上；封/禁闭；合拢shut shut shut延伸；展开spread spread spread读；朗读read read read /red/ AAB型敲打；击打；打赢beat beat beaten 变得；成为become became become ABA型来；来到come came come跑/奔跑；（颜色）褪色run ran run拿来；带来；取来bring brought brought买buy bought bought想；认为；考虑think thought thought接/捉住;赶上;染上（疾病）catch caught caught教书；教teach taught taught建筑；建立build built built借（出）；把…借给lend lent lent打发；派遣；送；邮寄send sent sent度过；花费（钱/时间）spend spent spent ABB型失去；丢失lose lost lost粘住；钉住；坚持stick stuck stuck挖（洞、沟等）；掘dig dug dug悬挂；吊着；把…吊起hang hung hung感觉；觉得；摸；触feel felt felt保持；保存；继续不断keep kept kept睡觉sleep slept slept扫除；扫sweep swept swept离开；把…留下；剩下leave left left嗅；闻到；发出（气味）smell smelt smelt拼写spell spelt spelt溢出；溅出；洒出spill spilt spilt放；搁lay laid laid付钱；给…报酬pay paid paid说；讲say said said卖；售sell sold sold告诉；讲述；吩咐tell told told坐sit sat sat吐痰；吐唾沫spit spat spat站；立；起立；stand stood stood 坐落；经受；持久懂得；明白；理解understand understood understood燃烧/着火；使烧焦/晒黑burn burnt burnt学；学习；学会learn learnt learnt ABB型意思是；意指mean meant meant糟蹋；损坏；溺爱spoil spoilt spoilt梦；梦想dream dreamt dreamt喂（养）；饲（养）feed fed fed遇见；见到meet met met领导；带领lead led led成为；得到；具有；达到get got got发光；照耀；杰出；擦亮shine shone shone获胜；赢得win won won有；吃/喝；进行/经受have / has had had制造；做；使得make made made听见；听说；得知hear heard heard打架/仗；与…打仗fight fought fought找到；发现；感到find found found拿/抱；握住;举行hold held held是be was/were been开始；着手begin began begun喝；饮drink drank drunk ABC型（钟/铃）响；打电话ring rang rung唱；唱歌sing sang sung下沉；沉没sink sank sunk游泳；游swim swam swum吹；刮风；吹气blow blew blown（鸟/飞机）飞；（人乘飞fly flew flown 机）飞行；（旗子）飘动生长；发育；种植；变得grow grew grown知道；了解；认识；懂得know knew known投；掷；扔throw threw thrown绘画；绘制；拉；拖；提取（金draw drew drawn 钱）给…看；出示；显示show showed shown打破；损坏；撕开break broke broken偷；窃取steal stole stolen选择choose chose chosen忘记；忘掉forget forgot forgotten结冰freeze froze frozen说；讲；谈话；发言speak spoke spoken醒；醒来；叫醒wake woke woken驾驶；开（车）；驱赶drive drove driven ABC型吃eat ate eaten落（下）；降落; 倒fall fell fallen给；递给；付出；给予give gave given把…藏起来；隐藏hide hid hidden骑（马/自行车）；乘车ride rode ridden上升；上涨rise rose risen拿；拿走；做；take took taken 服（药）；乘坐；花费弄错mistake mistook mistaken（使）动摇；震动shake shook shaken写；书写；写作；著述write wrote written是am / is was been是are were been做；干do did done去；走；变得；通往go went gone躺；卧；平放；位于lie lay lain看见/到；领会；拜会see saw seen穿；戴wear wore worn短文改错答题技巧（一）短文改错考点1. 名词：单复数用错，可数名词跟不可数名词混用2. 数词:基数词和序数词混用3. 形容词:最高级前少the, 单音节前加more, 或比较级前加more4. 冠词：an, a, the5. 代词：性别用错，单复数用错6. 连词：but, and, so, because混用7. 固定搭配：带有介词的短语，介词用错，如：talk about---talk for/in/at8. 固定用法：keep doing sth, be interested in doing sth/sth9. 时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时10. 语态：主动和被动混用被动：be + 过去分词（二）改错技巧1. 看到an,改为a, 或者the2. ing改为ed结尾3. 单数变复数，或者复数变单数4. 主动改被动，或被动改主动5. but 改and, 或and 改but, so 改because, because 改so,6. 看到but就删掉7. 形容词+ly/er/est。

动词过去分词变化规则动词过去分词在英语语法中起着重要的作用。

它们通常用来构成完成时态和被动语态，因此了解动词过去分词的变化规则对于学好英语非常关键。

一般规则：大多数动词的过去分词形式是在动词原形的基础上加上-ed或-d。

例如：work - workedplay - playedfinish - finished以-e结尾的动词，在加-ed之前会去掉末尾的-e。

例如：love - lovedhope - hopedinvite - invited以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，将y变为i，并加上-ed。

例如：study - studiedcarry - carriedtry - tried以一个辅音字母结尾，并满足下列条件的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，并加上-ed。

例如：stop - stoppedplan - plannedtap - tapped有不规则变化的动词：然而，并非所有的动词都遵循上述一般规则。

以下是一些常见的不规则动词过去分词形式：be - beeneat - eatengo - gonesee - seentake - taken这些不规则动词的过去分词形式需要记忆，因为它们没有明确的规则可循。

使用动词过去分词：了解动词过去分词的变化规则不仅帮助我们正确使用过去分词形式，还有助于我们在交流中更好地表达自己。

过去分词在英语中广泛用于构成完成时态和被动语态。

完成时态：在构成完成时态时，我们通常使用助动词have/has加上过去分词形式。

例如：I have finished my homework.He has played football.被动语态：在构成被动语态时，我们使用be动词的不同形式（is/am/are/was/were）加上过去分词形式。

例如：The book is written by the famous author.The cake was eaten by the children.需要注意的是，有些动词在主动语态和被动语态中的过去分词形式是一样的，例如：The door opened.The door was opened.过去分词作形容词使用：除了构成完成时态和被动语态，动词过去分词还可以作为形容词来修饰名词。