damage的短语

damage, destroy, harm, hurt, pain ,injure, wound,spoil区别1)destroy毁灭，消灭，指通过某种有力的或（一次性）粗暴的手段使之彻底毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复，有时可用于比喻意义。

如： The earthquake destroyed the whole city．地震毁了整座城市。

All his hopes were destroyed by her letter of refusal. 他所有的希望都被她的拒绝信毁了。

2)damage伤害，损害，主要指对价值和功能的破坏，多用于无生命的东西，一般还可修复。

damage或destroy所表示的破坏，是指对房屋或车辆等的损坏。

有时该词也用于借喻。

也可以指非暴力长期损害的结果。

Her heart was slightly damaged as a result Of the disease．由于生病，她的心脏轻微受损。

They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged．他们设法修复了受到破坏的房屋。

What they said and did damaged the relations between the two countries.他们的言行损害了这两个国家之间的关系.3) ruin 多用于借喻之中,经常指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度.表示“使……破产；糟蹋掉”的意思。

通常指自然现象、年龄、疏忽等，往往不是一次性打击的结果。

在表示一般意义的弄坏时，可以spoil互换，但语气要比spoil强，这两个词还可用于美好经历或是希望中的事物的损坏。

The rain will ruin the crops. 这雨会把庄稼毁掉的.I was ruined by that law case; I'm a ruined man. 我被那场官司毁了,我破产了.He ruined himself by taking drugs. 他吸食毒品把自己给毁了。

Propositional phrase（常用介词短语）Allegedly: reportedlyProceed to: make for, go to, leave forPerform: carry out; conductBe susceptible to (loss, damage): be prone to, be liable toIn conformity to: in accordance with; according to; in the light of, in line with;in the spirit of; in terms of; based on; on the basis of;In respect of: with reference to, with regard to, concerning, regarding, about, with respect to;Immediately: instantly, promptly, at once, in a minute, in a moment, in no time, off hand, right now, on (or upon) the spot, on the spur of themoment, without further ado, on the instant, on the nail, in aflash, at sight.Probably: likely, more or less, around, in the neighborhood of, approximately, somewhere about.Protect……from: prohibit……from, prevent……fromIn the event of: in case of, if,Be consistent with: be identical with, in accordance with, be consistent with,be in agreement with, in conformity with;Due to: owing to, because of, thanks to, by virtue of, as a result of, on the ground that, result from, caused by, arise from, arise out of; Discard: renounce, forsake, abandon, give up, throw away, cast off;Avoid: avert, keep off, ward off,S carcely….when: hardly….when, no sooner….than,Repair: restore, recuperate, recover, reconstruct; (Noun: restoration, repair, recovery, recondition, reconstruction, rehabilitation.)Irreparable: irremediable;Indemnify: reimburse; compensateIn all possibility: most likely, most probably;Foregoing: foresaid, above-mentioned;Discrepancy: difference;Furnish sth to sb: submit sth to sb; refer sth to sb; provide sb with sth; Nearby: in the vicinity of; in the proximity of; in the neighborhood of; Bankruptcy: insolvency; (Verb: go bankrupt; go broken;)As soon as: No sooner… than…, Hardly… when, the moment…, Upon..., On…, Virtually: in fact, actuallyLodge/file a claim with/against the InsurerStain: smutch, blotCrack: break, fracture, split, ruptureMeanwhile: in the meantime，at the same time, simultaneously。

damage的用法和辨析你知道damage的用法吗?快来一起学习吧，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

词汇精选：damage的用法和辨析一、详细释义：n.(damages)赔偿金例句：The judge awarded him $1000 as damages.法官判给他损害赔偿金一千元。

例句：He put in a claim for $500 damages.他提出一项五百美元赔偿的要求。

n.[U]损害，损毁;伤害例句：We will reimburse the customer for any loss or damage. 我们愿赔偿顾客受到的一切损失和损害。

例句：The majority of the damage is easy to repair.这次的损害大部分容易补救。

损害，毁坏，损坏例句：These goods were damaged in transit.这些货物在运输过程中损坏了。

例句：A fire had severely damaged the warehouse.一场大火严重地毁坏了仓库。

二、词义辨析：hurt,injure,wound,harm,damage,disable这些动词均有“损害，伤害”之意。

hurt普通用词，较口语化，侧重指给有生命的东西造成机体上或精神、感情上的或轻或重的伤害。

injure较hurt正式，多用于有生命的事物。

既可指伤害别人的事物。

即可指伤害别人的健康、外貌、自尊心、名誉等，又可指使别人受伤或东西受损，同时含有受伤害部分至少暂时丧失功能的意味。

wound专指对身体的重伤，尤指在战斗中受的伤，强调外部创伤;也可指精神方面的伤害。

harm主要用于有生命的东西，语气略强于injure，指引起严重的痛苦和损伤;有时也用于抽象事物，指造成任何不良后果。

damage通常指对无生命物体的损害，并有降低其价值，破坏其功能等的后果。

disable强调使伤残。

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（107）531. custom的用法custom习惯、风俗、习俗。

例句：①The custom has now become a rule.那种习惯现已变为成规。

②It is my custom to go for a walk before breakfast.早餐前出去散散步是我的习惯。

③Custom rules the law.[谚]风俗左右法律。

④The custom prevails over the whole area.这风俗存在于这整个地区。

⑤Please enter a name for the custom controller.请输入自定义控制器的名称。

短语：It is the custom with/ of somebody to do something做某事是某人的习惯；abrogate a custom 废除一种风俗习惯；become a custom 成为习惯；break a custom 打破风俗习惯；collect customs 收缴关税；destroy a custom 破坏惯例；develop a custom 发扬一种风俗；establish a custom 养成一种习惯；follow a custom 遵守一种风俗；用法：①custom的基本意思是“风俗,习惯,惯例”,指一个团体或社会长期以来形成的传统,也可指个人的习惯,有单复数形式,用于泛指时多用单数; 表示某种习俗时可加不定冠词a,指各种风俗习惯时也可用复数。

②custom还可作“光顾”“顾客”解。

作“光顾”解时指去某商店购物的行为; 作“顾客”解时,指“顾客群”而不指具体某人,不可数,无复数形式。

③custom作“海关,关税”解时,是复数名词,用作主语修饰另一个名词时仍需使用其复数形式。

比较：custom指国家、民族或群体的社会风俗和习惯；habit指人或动物的个体习惯。

Unit 4 Natural Disasters重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习(知识点全覆盖)单词变形1．death n．死；死亡→adj.死的→adj.致命的→v．死亡2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→n．效果；影响→adj.有效的→n．喜欢；喜爱；感情3．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→adj.令人震惊的→adj.感到震惊的4．electricity n．电；电能→adj.电的；用电的→adj.电子的5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→n．呼吸→adj.气喘吁吁的6．wisdom n．智慧；才智→adj.明智的→adj.不明智的7．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→n．受难；苦楚8．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→n．喷发9．survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存→n．幸存；生还→n．幸存者；生还者10．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→adj.紧急的→vi.浮现；出现11．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达vt.发表→n．投递；送交12．length n．长；长度→adj.长的→v．(使)变长重点词组1．volcanic eruption 2．as if3．in ruins4．in shock 5．in the open air 6．first aid kit 7．on hand 8．sweep away重点单词1．n．灾难；灾害2．vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动3．n．洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没4．n．& vt.营救；救援5．vt.损害；破坏n．损坏；损失6．vt.摧毁；毁灭7．n．避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)8．n．& vt.破坏；毁坏9．n．百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中10．vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱11．vt.埋葬；安葬12．n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力13．n．上下文；语境；背景14．n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品vt.供应；供给15．vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n．水二、根据汉语意思填写单词三、完成句子四、用单词的适当形式完成短文参考答案：单词变形1．death n．死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v．死亡2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→effect n．效果；影响→effective adj.有效的→affection n．喜欢；喜爱；感情3．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的4．electricity n．电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electronic adj.电子的5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的6．wisdom n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的7．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．受难；苦楚8．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n．喷发9．survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存；生还→survivor n．幸存者；生还者10．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的→emerge vi.浮现；出现11．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达vt.发表→delivery n．投递；送交12．length n．长；长度→long adj.长的→lengthen v．(使)变长重点词组1．volcanic eruption火山喷发2．as if似乎；好像；仿佛3．in ruins严重受损；破败不堪4．in shock震惊；吃惊5．in the open air露天；在户外6．first aid kit急救箱7．on hand现有(尤指帮助)8．sweep away消灭；彻底消除重点单词1．disaster n．灾难；灾害2．slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动3．flood n．洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没4．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援5．damage vt.损害；破坏n．损坏；损失6．destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭7．shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)8．ruin n．& vt.破坏；毁坏9．percent n．百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中10．trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱11．bury vt.埋葬；安葬12．effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力13．context n．上下文；语境；背景14．supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品vt.供应；供给15．tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲1．were affected【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。

D开头高考英语高频词+短语【基本单词】damage n.& vt. 损失；损害damp adj. 潮湿的darkness n. 黑暗; 漆黑data n. 资料; 数据dawn n. 黎明；佛晓debate n. 争论; 辩论vi. 争论; 辩论debt n. 债；债务decade n. 十年; 十年期declare vt. 宣布; 声明; 表明; 宣称deed n. 行动；事迹defeat vt. 打败; 战胜; 使受挫n. 失败delicate adj. 精致的; 脆弱的; 容易生病的delighted adj. 快乐的; 欣喜的deliver vt. 递送；生(孩子)；接生；发表(演说等) demand n. 需求; 要求vt. 强烈要求depth n. 深(度); 深处desert n. 沙漠; 荒原deserve vi. & vt. 应受(报答或惩罚); 值得design n. 设计; 图案; 构思vt. 设计; 计划; 构思desire n. 渴望; 欲望; 渴求vt. 希望得到; 想要desperate adj.不顾一切的; 绝望的destination n. 目的地destroy v. 破坏；毁坏；消灭detective n. 侦探diamond n. 钻石dictation n. 口授; 听写（的文字）diet n. 日常饮食vi.节食digest vi. & vt. 消化n. 摘要；概要digital adj. 数字的; 数码的; 手指的; 脚趾的dignity n. 尊严; 高贵的品质dimension n. 维(数); 方面; 侧面diploma n. 文凭；证书disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的disaster n. 灾难；灾祸discount n. 折扣distribute vt. 分配; 分发district n. 区; 区域; 行政区disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的dive vi./n.跳水; 潜水; 俯冲divorce n. 离婚; 断绝关系vt. 与……离婚; 与……脱离donate vt. 捐赠doubt n. 怀疑; 疑惑vt. 怀疑; 不信downtown adj. 市区的adv. 在市区；往市区drag vt. 拖; 拉; 扯drown vt. & vi. 淹没，溺死，淹死drunk adj. 醉的due adj. 欠款的; 到期的【派生单词】dark adj. 黑暗的; 昏暗的---Darken v. 使变黑暗; 变黑---Darkness n.黑暗; 漆黑decorate v. 装饰; 装修---decoration n. 装修; 装饰decrease vt. & vi. 减少; (使)变小---increase vt. 增加defend vt. 保护; 保卫→defence n. 防御; 保卫delight n. 快乐; 高兴; 喜悦vt. 使高兴; 使欣喜→delighted adj. 高兴的; 快乐的→delighting adj. 令人高兴的description n. 描写; 描述→describe vt. 描写; 描述determine vt. 决定; 确定; 下定决心---determined adj. 坚决的; 有决心的---determination n. 决心devote vt. 致力于；奉献给---Devoted adj. 投入的；全心全意的devote n. 投入; 热爱---devotion v. 把……奉献, 贡献direct vt. &vi. 导演; 指示; 指挥adj. 直的; 直接的; 直率的→director n. 导演→direction n. 指导→directly adv. & conj. 直接地; 径直地; 一…就…disability n. 伤残; 无能→disabled adj. 伤残的disadvantage n. 不利条件; 不便之处---advantage (反义词)有利条件; 优势disappointed adj. 失望的; 沮丧的---disappoint vt. 使……失望; 使……沮丧---disappointing adj. 令人失望的; 令人沮丧的---disappointment n. 失望; 沮丧discovery n. 发现；发觉→discover v. 发现distance n. 距离；远方→distant adj.远的；远方的distribute vt. 分发; 分配---distribution n. 分发; 分配; 分布状态---distributive adj. 分布的, 个别的---distributor n. 分发者, 批发商donate vt. 捐赠---donation n. 捐赠(物)---donator n. 捐赠者【短语】day by day 一天天，逐渐day in and day out 日复一日deal with 处理; 安排; 对付decide on 对...作出决定保卫……以免受defend against/from依靠; 依赖depend on把……分成divide...into灭亡; 逐渐消失die out掘出；发现dig out对……造成损害do damage to...得出结论draw a conclusion梦见; 梦想; 设想dream of盛装; 打扮; 装饰dress updry out (使浸水之物)完全变干; 干透(指河流、井等)干涸dry upRather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.rather than宁愿…而不愿…；而不是…；与其…倒不如(连接平行结构)I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China.not… until… 直到……才……His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.他同新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。

supply, provide, offer 的区别：1．表示“向某人提供某物”supply / provide sb. with sth.supply / provide sth. for sb.supply sth. to sb.offer sb. sth.2. 表示“主动提出做某事”offer to do sth.3. 表示“倘使”、“假如”provided / providing that= on condition that=only if4. 表示“满足需要”su pply / meet a need.supply的常用短语in short supply 缺乏，不足medical/military supply医疗/军用品supplies of…许多lack的常用短语be lacking in sth. 在……不足make up for the lack of弥补……的不足for/by/from/through lack of…由于…不足,缺乏have no lack of不缺damage的常用短语do damage/harm to 对……有害cause damage to 对……造成损害ask for damage要求赔偿die of 与die from 的区别die of 表示“死于……病”或冻死、气死，或死于过度悲伤。

die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/colddie from表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度。

如：die from polluted air/overwork/sword thrustdie常用短语die for one’s country为国捐躯die down熄灭、平息die off绝种、枯死die away消逝、静下来die a heroic death英勇牺牲threaten常用短语threaten sb. with sth.用……威胁某人threaten to do…威胁做……under the threat of…在……的威胁下speed常用短语speed up加速at the speed of…以…..的速度with great speed迅速aim常用短语take aim at瞄准reach an aim达到目的aim at瞄准、针对permit与allow 的区别表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。

♣ look 的常用短语：look up …in查找look sb. up and down 上下打量look back to/ upon回顾look upon…as把…看作look forward to期待look through浏览; 看穿take a new look呈现新面貌♣ fear的常用短语：in fear害怕地(be) in fear of 害怕for fear of/ that担心；生怕♣ concentrate 的常用短语：concentrate on 专心…concentrate one’s mind on 专心于…类似的短语：fix one’s mind uponfocus onput one’s heart intofocus one’s mind on♣surprise常用短语：in surprise惊讶地to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是be surprise at/to do/that对某事感到惊讶♣表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语1．表示动作的有：pull onput ondressdress sb2. 表示状态的有：wearbe inbe dressed inhave … on♣常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词likecare forbe keen onbe fond oftake delight in…♣ trouble的常用短语：have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在…有/没有困难take great trouble to do不辞辛劳做某事put sb to the trou ble of doing …为难某人做某事make trouble捣乱be in (great) trouble惹麻烦；处在困境中help sb. out of trouble帮某人摆脱困境♣ end的常用短语：come to an end……结束put an end to 结束……on end竖起, 连续in the end终于; 最后end up (by) doing…以……结束make both ends meet收支相抵♣ 表示“导致”、“由…引起”的短语：1. 导致cause sth. (to do)result inlead to2. 由……引起be caused byresult fromgrow out oflie in♣表“全力以赴”的短语：do / try one’s bestspare no efforts to dotake great pains to dogo all out to dodo what somebody can (do) to dodo all somebody can (do) to do♣ direction常用短语：in (the ) direction of….朝……方向under the direction of ...在……的指导下follow the directions照说明去做♣ far常用短语：far from (being)离……要求相差很远far from +(a place)距离某地很远far away遥远so far 到目前为止; 那么远as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知by far(最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用♣ distance常用短语：in the distance在远处from/ at a distance从远处keep sb. at a distance于某人保持一定距离It is no distance at all.不远♣ use常用短语：used to do过去曾经、常做be used to doing …习惯于……be used to do被用来做……make good/ full use of充分利用……come into use开始使用……it is no use doing …干……没有用♣“出了什么事”的几种不同表达What’s wrong with….?What’s the matter with…?What’s the trouble with…?What happened (to sb.) ?♣“众所周知”常用表达法：It is known to all that…主语从句，that不能省As is known to all,定语从句，置于句首We all know (that)后接宾语从句Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从句, which is known to all.非限定从句，置于句末♣表“同意某人意见”的常用短语：agree with sb. /what sb. saidagree to sth.approve (of) sth.in favour of sth.be agreeable to sth.be for sth.“不同意”disagree with sb./ what sb. saidobject to sth.disapprove (of) sth.be against sth.♣ sign的常用短语：sign one’s name签名sign to sb (not) to do sth.示意某人(不)做某事signs of ………的迹象♣would rather 与prefer 的区别1．宁愿做……而不做……would rather do A than do Bprefer A to Bprefer to do A rather than do B2. would rather 主语+ 过去式，表示“宁愿”eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主语+ 过去式，表示“比较喜欢……”eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone.OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.♣trap常用短语be caught in a trap落入圈套be led into a trap中圈套set a trap to do sth.设圈套……be trapped in sth.被…..所围困♣ grow常用短语in the grow of在….成长中grow up长大; 成长grow rich on靠….. 变富grow into长成……grow out of由…..引起/滋生出♣ make常用短语be made up of =consist of 由……组成make up for弥补be made from/ of由……造成make up编造;组成;化妆be made into制成……make fun of取笑; 嘲弄make a living 谋生supply, provide, offer 的区别：1．表示“向某人提供某物”supply / provide sb. with sth.supply / provide sth. for sb.supply sth. to sb.offer sb. sth.2. 表示“主动提出做某事”offer to do sth.3. 表示“倘使”、“假如”provided / providing that= on condition that=only if4. 表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need.♣ supply的常用短语in short supply 缺乏，不足medical/military supply医疗/军用品supplies of…许多♣ lack的常用短语be lacking in sth. 在……不足make up for the lack of弥补……的不足for/by/fro m/through lack of…由于…不足,缺乏have no lack of不缺♣damage的常用短语do damage/harm to 对……有害cause damage to 对……造成损害ask for damage要求赔偿die of 与die from 的区别die of 表示“死于……病”或冻死、气死，或死于过度悲伤。

breathe regularly 均匀呼吸
breathe hard 呼吸困难
breathe deeply = take a deep breath 深呼吸
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸
lose one’s breath 喘不上气来
out of breath 气喘吁吁，上气不接下气
12.effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
spare no effort (s) to do sth.不遗余力地做某事
put effort into (doing) sth. 努力做某事
with/ without effort 费力地/毫不费力地
make an effort to do sth. = make efforts to do sth. 努力/尽力做......
13.wisdom n.智慧；才智
wise adj. （行为或决定）明智的
wisely adv.明智地
14.suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦
suffer pain /damage /failure 遭受痛苦/破坏/失败
suffer from受……的折磨；因……而受苦
suffering n. 苦难，痛苦sufferer n. 受难者
15.as if似乎；好像；仿佛= as though
如果as if引导的从句表示的情况与事实相反或者不大可能实现，从句要用虚拟语气。

16.shock n.震惊，休克——shocked adj.震惊的——shocking adj.令人震惊的。