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Unit 2 Healthy eatingOne question I’m frequently asked is ＂What’s the secret to a healthy diet?＂The answer isn’t all that mysterious. You just have to keep some basic guidelines in mind, beginning with:经常有人问我：＂健康饮食有什么秘诀？＂其实答案并不神秘。
你只需要遵循以下这些基本准则：1. Use smaller plates. 用小点的盘子。
Whether you’re already trim ortrying to lose weight, one of the bestthings you can do for your waistline andyour health is to downsize your dishware.Cornell University nutrition researcherBrian Wansink, PhD, has found that switching from a 12-inch to a 10-inch plate leads people to eat 22 percent fewer calories. If you downsized only your dinner plate, you’d be eliminating more than 5,000 calories a month from your diet. It really is that simple.不管你是已拥有苗条身材还是想减肥，掌控你的腰围和健康的最好的办法之一就是缩小餐具的尺寸。
康奈尔大学营养学研究员布莱恩·文森克博士发现，把盘子从12英寸缩小到10英寸，可以使人们少摄入22%的卡路里。
第10节饮食与健康(二)Ⅰ.阅读理解AThe year 2018 will mark the 100th anniversary of the deadliest influenza outbreak in history.It is estimated that the influenza pandemic(瘟疫) of 1918 killed more than 50 million people around the world.Other estimates go much higher.Because of a lack of medical record-keeping，we may never know the exact number.The influenza was a fast killer.Some victims died within hours of their first symptoms.Others died after a few days.“Their lungs filled with liquid and they choked to death.” The 1918 flu pandemic was also different from other outbreaks.It struck many young，healthy people.Viruses usually affect sick or old people.Although modern medicine effectively controls many diseases，influenza remains difficult to protect against.The World Health Organization estimates that every year influenza kills 250,000 to 500,000 people around the world.Each year，medical scientists develop flu vaccines(疫苗) which offer immunity(免疫) from some influenza viruses.But they can only guess which form of the virus will spread.Health officials remain concerned about another flu pandemic.New forms of the flu virus appear regularly.One example was the “swine flu”or H1N1 outbreak in 2009.Anthony Fauci，Director of the National Institute of Infectious diseases in the United States says that virus caused a true pandemic.To stop the next pandemic，scientists are now researching how to create a universal influenza vaccine.In October 2017，Vanderbilt University Medical Center in the U．S.announced the Universal Influenza Vaccine Initiative.The university said researchers are leading an international effort to develop a universal influenza vaccine that will protect everyone against all forms of the flu anywhere in the world.The university added that researchers will begin tests in early 2018，the Human Vaccines Project，a public-private partnership，is funding the project.However，until a universal influenza vaccine is available，today’s seasonal flu vaccine remains important.1．What do we know about the influenza in 1918?A．It swept across the whole Europe.B．No one survived the first few days.C．It killed the largest number of people.D．It struck only young and healthy people.[答案] C[解析]细节理解题。
Unit 2 Healthy eatingⅠ.完形填空(2016·天津)导学号 42492265The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.Cathy suffered some terrible__1.D__in her early childhood.After years of regular treatment, she__2.B__became healthy.Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a st summer, she wanted to__3.C__out local swim team.She practiced hard and finally__4.D__it.The team practice，__5.A__，was a rough start.She coughed and choked and could hardly__6.B__her first few weeks.Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to__7.A__her from it all.But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit__8.C__to go! I told her she shouldn't swim after a whole night's coughing, but she refused to__9.C__and insisted she go.From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn't__10.B__a single practice.She had a__11.C__intention within herself to be the best she could be.My tenyearold was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this__12.B__human being with a passion and a mission.There were moments of__13.A__of course：often she would be the last swimmer in the race.It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn't a__14.D__—ever.But that didn't stop her from trying.Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year.Cathy didn't expect any award but was still there to__15.A__her friends and praise their accomplishments.As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach__16.C__，“The highest honor goes to Cathy！” Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her__17.B__and enthusiasm. __18.A__skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富)one can hold is the heart.”It was the greatest__19.D__of my daughter's life.With all she had been__20.A__in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功)．文章大意：作者的女儿小时候身患重病，经过多年的治疗后最终康复。
2019高考英语二轮阅读理解归类练习—健康饮食（详解）(2018·广东卷)Ihavebeenconsistentlyopposedtofeedingababyregularly.Asadoctor，motherandscientistinchilddevelopmentIbelievethereisnothingtorecommendit，fromthebaby'spointofview.Mothers，doctorsandnursesalikehavenoideaofwhereababy'sbloodsugarlevellies.Allweknowistha talowlevelisharmfultobraindevelopmentandmakesababyeasilyannoyed.Inthisstate，thebabyisdifficulttocalmdownandsleepisimpossible.Thebabyasksforattentionbycryin gandsearchingforfoodwithitsmouth.Itisnotjustunkindbutalsodangeroustosayafourhourlyfeedingschedulewillmakeaba bysatisfied.ThefirstoftheexpertstoadvocateastrictclockwatchingschedulewasDrFredericTrubyKingwhowasagainstfeedinginthenight.I'veneverh eardanythingsoridiculous.Babyfeedingshouldn'tfollowatimetablesetbythemum.Whatis importantisfeedingababyinthebestway，thoughitmaycausesomeinconvenienceinthefirstfewweeks.Well，atlastwehavecopperbottomedresearchthatsupportsdemandfeedingandpointsouttheweaknessesofstrictlytim edfeeding.Theresearchfindsoutthatbabieswhoarefedondemanddobetteratschoolatage5, 7,11and14，thanbabiesfedaccordingtotheclock.Bytheageof8，theirIQ(智商)scoresarefourtofivepercenthigherthanbabiesfedbyarigidtimetable.Thisresearchc omesfromOxfordandEssexUniversityusingasample(样本)of10,419childrenbornintheearly1990s，takingaccountofparentaleducation，familyincome，achild'ssexandage，themother'shealthandfeedingstyle.Theseresultsdon'tsurpriseme.Feedingaccordingto schedulerunstheriskofharmingtherapidlygrowingbrainbytakingnoaccountofsinkingblo odsugarlevels.Ihopethisresearchwillputanendtoadvocatingstrictlytimedbabyfeedingpractices.【语篇解读】本文关于婴儿喂养的时间提出了不同的看法，作者认为严格按照时间表喂婴儿是错的。
2021高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练〔解析〕-购物、饮食与安康〔1〕【黄冈中学期中测试】Doomed beauties such as Cleopata and Manilyn Monroe were far from alone in their misery. Very attractive people tend to form partnerships that are less stable and satisfying than those enjoyed by plain_Janes .According to the research by Dr John Blaine of the University of Southern California, relationships between people whose professions largely depend on their appearance, such as models or actors, tend to end much faster than those between lawyers, doctors and students.Blaine said the beautiful felt different from children. They are treated as special, which may create both arrogance (傲慢)and insecurity. All too often, beauty can be used as an alternative to education. Often they are pushed out of their class or town, told to go off and make their fortune in Hollywood or London and, when the majority fail, they have few talents to make a living.Blaine added that beautiful people score poorly on the “big five〞—the key factors American experts consider when helping distressed couples. These are neuroticism(神经过敏)，including anger and anxiety; extroversion(性格外向)；openness to new experiences; agreeableness; conscientiousness, and sticking by agreements they have made. Attractive people often see no reason to try to change until their looks start to fade.Krista Sutherlanf, of the University of California Los Angeles, said partnerships that appeared to be perfect from the outside, such as the former “dream teams〞of Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise or Hugh Grant and Elizabeth Hurley, where backgrounds and aspirations(抱负) are often shared ，did not necessarily lead to happiness.1．What can we infer from the first sentence of the passage A．Beautiful women always felt lonely.B．Beautiful women were always alone.C．Many beautiful women didn’t end up with a happy life. D．Beautiful women always lived a happy life.2．The underlined phrase “plain Janes〞in the passage refers to“________〞．A．ordinary looking women B．women called Jane C．common people D．attractive women 3．We can infer from the passage that________.A．Hugh Grant and Elizabeth Hurley were a coupleB．Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise were very satisfied with their lifeC．when they fail in Hollywood, the beautiful have little trouble in making a livingD．the marriage of the beautiful often lasts long4．Which of the following is the best titleA．Five key factors affecting the partnership B．Beauties are doomed to fail in loveC．Beautiful or common D．The beauties are different【解题导语】本文为议论文，作者论证了这样一个观点：美女并不幸福.1. 答案 C 解析：考察推理判断.第一段说漂亮旳人，其partnership 往往不如普通人旳稳定与让人满意，由此判断，文章开头说“克莱奥帕特拉与玛丽莲•梦露等美女旳悲惨命运绝非个例〞意在说明“很多美女旳生活都不幸福〞.2. 答案A 解析：考察词义猜想题.从语境看，画线局部旳plain Janes 指与前面提到旳美女相对旳、相貌平常旳女性，因此选A.3. 答案A 解析：考察推理判断.最后一段说，外界看上去很完美旳关系，比方……未必最终有幸福旳结局.再结合上文论述可判断Hugh Grant与Elizabeth Hurley是夫妻关系，应选A，其他选项都与文章内容不符.4. 答案B 解析：考察主旨大意.文章主要论述了美女命运多舛旳观点，并分析了其中旳原因，故B项最适合为本文标题.****************************************************完毕大特点.2. 购物与环保问题旳结合.3. 指导如何很好旳购物，提供使用建议.4. 假日旅游等旳购物与饮食问题.5. 饮食平安问题旳曝光以及人们如何注意饮食平安问题.5．如何保持安康旳身体，快乐旳心情，构建心理安康.6．饮食与安康旳关系.7. 肥胖，睡眠，早餐等与饮食与安康有关旳话题.·链接高考链接1 .〔2021广东卷〕Sports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies. Manytelevision companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public, and then they have sold audiences to advertisers.An attraction of sport programs for the major U.S. media companies is that events are often held on Saturday and Sunday afternoons – the slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing. Sport events are the most popular weekend programs, especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other times during the week. This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if television stations did not report certain sports. The people in the advertising departments of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers. They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and life insurance.Golf and tennis are special cases for television programming. These sports attract few viewers, and theratings (收视率) are unusually low. However, the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers. It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States, including many lawyers and business managers, This is why television reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by companies selling high-priced cars, business and personal computers, and holiday trips. This is also why the networks continue to carry there programs regardless of low ratings. Advertisers are willing to pay high fees to reach high-income consumers and those managers who make decisions to buy thousands of “company cars〞and computers. With such viewers, these programs don’t need high ratings to stay on the air.41. Television sport programs on weekend afternoons________.A. result in more sport eventsB. get more viewers to play sportsC. make more people interested in televisionD. bring more money to the television networks42. Why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport programsA. Because there would be few viewers.B. Because the advertisers would be off work.C. Because television programs would go slowly.D. Because viewers would pay less for watching television.43. In many families, men make decisions on ________.A. holiday tripsB. sports viewingC. televisions shoppingD. expensive purchases44. The ratings are not important for golf and tennis programs because ________.A. their advertisers are carmakersB. their viewers are attracted by sportsC. their advertisers target at rich peopleD. their viewers can afford expensive cars45. What is the passage mainly aboutA. Television ratings are determined by male viewers.B. Rich viewers contribute most to television companies.C. Sports are gaining importance in advertising on television.D. Commercial advertisers are the major sponsors of sport events.【难度】一般链接2 .〔2021江苏卷〕Medical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. One solution to this problem is to put the drugs inside a capsule, protecting them from the body—and the body from them—until they can be released at just the right spot. There are lots of ways to trigger(引发) this release, including changing temperature, acidity, and so on. But triggers can come with their own risks—burns, for example. Now, researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining near-infrared light (NIR,近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.The idea of using light to liberate the drug in the capsule isn't new. Researchers around the globe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to breakdown when they absorb cither ultraviolet (UV,紫外线) or visible light. But tissues also readily absorb UV and visible light, which means the drug release can be triggered only near the skin, where the light can reach the capsule. NIR light largely passes through tissues, so researchers have tried to use it as a trigger. But few compounds(化合物) absorb NIR well and go through chemical changes.That changed last year when Adah Almutairi, a chemist at the University of California, San Diego, reported that she and her colleagues had designed a polymer that breaks down when it absorbs NIR light. Their polymer used a commercially available NIR-absorbing group called o-nitrobenzyl (ONB). When they catch the light, ONB groups fall off the polymer, leading to its breakdown. But ONB is only a so-so NIR absorber, and it could be poisonous to cells when it separates from the polymer.So Almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules that's even better. This one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer. Cresol contains reactive(易反响旳) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage. Afterpolymerizing the cresols, they cap each reactive component with a light-absorbing compound called Bhc. When the B hcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. Shining additional light continues this breakdown, potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule. What's more, Almutairi says, Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.63. According to the passage, which of the following could be the best triggerA. Temperature change.B. NIR light.C. Acidity change.D. UV light.64. Why in ONB unsatisfactoryA. I t breaks down when it absorbs NIR light.B. It falls off the polymer and triggers drug release.C. It has not come onto the market up till now.D. It is not effective enough and could be poisonous.65. Which word can be used to complete the following process of changesA. ProtectedB. formedC. exposedD. combined【考点】科技问—说明文【文章大意】.本文是一篇科技文，围绕“怎样使用胶囊，让吃药更加平安、疗效好〞这个主题展开研究.63.【答案】B【试题解析】细节理解题.根据第一段最后一句“Now, researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining near-infrared light on the drug in the capsule.〞可知，应选B项.【难度】一般64.【答案】D【试题解析】推理判断题.根据第三段最后两句中“…ONB groups fall off the polymer, leading to its b reakdown〞与“…and it could be poisonous to cells…〞可知，应选D项.【难度】较难65.【答案】C【试题解析】细节理解题.根据最后一段第五句中“When the Bhcs absorb NIR light, the react ive groups are exposed…〞可知此处用exposed，即C项正确.【难度】一般【长难句解析】1.Researchers around the globe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down when they absorb cither ultraviolet (UV,紫外线) or visible light.本句是polymers (聚合物) and other materials旳定语从句，when 引导旳时间状语从句.2.This one consists of a long chain of compounds calledcresol groups linked in a polymer. Cresol containsreactive(易反响旳) components that make it highlyunstable in its polymeric form, a feature本句是called动词过去分词做后置定语，修饰a long chain of compounds. 后面是reactive(易反响旳) components旳定语从句链接2 .〔2021陕西卷〕Eating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe.Previous studies have linked high exposure(暴露) to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problems, but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中风) within as little as a few hours after exposure. In one review of the research, scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染)were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure. A separate study of stroke patients showed thateven air that the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of "moderate" (良好) quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure. However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.53. The text mainlydiscusses the relationship betweenA. heart problems and air qualityB. heart problems andexercisingC heart problems and smoking D. heart problems and fatty food54. _____________________________________ The underlined word "modest" in Paragraph 3 most probably meansA. relatively highB. extremely lowC relatively low D. extremely high55. What can we learn from the textA. Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.B. The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.C. Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking.D. Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.56. The author's purpose of writing the text is most likely to .A. informB. persuade C describe . D. entertain 【考点】说明文【文章大意】吃太多高脂肪旳食物，运动太少，吸烟可引发心脏疾病.但还有另一个因素improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.〞.由此可推测，D选项内容符合题意.因此，正确答案为D选项.【难度】一般56.【答案】A【试题解析】浏览全文，作者写这篇文章旳目旳实际上就是为了告之人们心脏病与空气质量之间旳关系，A选项符合题意.因此，正确答案为A选项.【难度】一般*********************************************************完毕。
第9节饮食与健康(一)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·湖南岳阳二模)Animal lovers have long suspected that playing with pups was good for the soul，and now science has confirmed it—for students in particular.The results of a new study done by researchers at the University of British Columbia concluded that the college students who spent time at drop-in dog therapy sessions experienced an increase in feelings of wellness and a reduction in overall stress.The study，as reported by Science Daily，indicates that playing with pups is not only popular with the students，it’s also beneficial to their health.This finding was seen across gender(性别)．The study，published on March 12 in the journal Stress and Health，involved 246 students who were surveyed before and after they dropped by dog therapy sessions.The young participants were given free access to pet，hug with and talk to seven to 12 therapy dogs.Additionally，they filled out questionnaires right before and right after hanging with the dogs，as well as 10 hours later.According to researchers，these young adults reported a notable increase in happiness，a significant reduction in stress and a flood of energy right after their sessions with the pups.Although the reported feelings of happiness and satisfaction weren’t long-lasting，researchers say other effects have clear，positive advantages.“These sessions clearly provide benefits for students in the short-term，so we think universities should try to schedule them during particularly stressful times，such as around exam periods，” Assistant Professor of Psychology at UBC and the study’s senior author，Frances Chen told Science Daily.“Even having therapy dogs around while students are working on their out-of-class assignments could be helpful.”语篇解读这篇文章主要讲了和小狗玩对人的精神健康有好处，特别是对学生。
位敦市安定阳光实验学校2013高三英语二轮复习（专用）主题36“记”：健康饮食1．交叉使用长句与短句在英语写作中，过多地使用长句或过多地使用短句都不好，正确的做法是，根据实际情况在文章中交替使用长句与短句，使文章显得错落有致，这样不仅使文章在形式上增感，而且使文章读起来铿锵有力。
【例句】中午我们晒着太阳吃着野餐。
休息一会儿后，我们唱歌的唱歌，跳舞的跳舞，还有的讲故事、下棋，玩得很开心。
一般句：At noon we had a picnic in the sunshine.Then we had a short rest.Then we began to play happily.We sang and danced.Some told stories.Some played chess.优秀句：At noon we had a picnic in the sunshine.After a short rest，we had great fun singing and dancing，telling stories and playing chess.2．避免同一词语的重复使用为了使文章更生动、更富表现力，同学们在写作时尽量避免重复使用同一词语来表示同一意思，尤其是一些老生常谈的词语。
如有的同学一看到“喜欢”二字，就会立刻想起like，事实上，英语中类似意思的词和短语很多，如love，enjoy，prefer，appreciate，be fond of，care for。
【例句】我喜欢读书，而我的弟弟喜欢看电视。
一般句：I like reading while my brother likes watching television.优秀句：I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.3．适当使用短语代替单词【例1】他已决长大了当老师。
[话题解读]“饮食与健康”是高中英语新课标24个话题当中非常重要的两个话题，饮食与健康自古以来都是人们所关心的重大问题，尤其是随着社会进步和人们物质生活水平的提高，食物质量和安全问题以及身体健康更是受到了人们空前的关注，因此顺应时代潮流，高考英语对这两个话题更是有所体现。
[高考探究]由于饮食与健康是热点话题，高考英语中对这两个话题会涉及较多的考查内容，常以阅读理解、完形填空以及书面表达的形式的出现，例如2016年四川卷阅读理解D篇，2016年全国卷Ⅲ七选五，2015年广东卷基础写作，2015课标全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解B篇，2013新课标全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇等。
目前，食品安全问题引起了人们的广泛关注。
一些生产厂商为了降低成本追求利润，削减了必要的安全措施，致使一些劣质或有害食品流入市场，对人们的健康产生了极大的危害。
请你就此事给一家英文报刊写封信，谈谈个人看法并呼吁整个社会关注此事。
参考词汇：利润profit；安全措施safety measures佳作欣赏Dear Sir，I’m writing to talk about the problems of food safety nowadays.To reduce the cost and make more profits，some food companies don’t take necessary safety measures to guarantee the food quality.As a result，more and more low-quality food flows into the market，doing a lot of harm to consumers’ health.In my opinion，food is essential to human beings.We can not live without proper food.If no notice were taken of food safety，the health of the whole nation would suffer.So I call on the whole society to take action and put an end to the low-quality food.Only in this way can we live a healthier life.Yours truly，Li Hua 名师点睛本文结构清晰，层次分明。
