第二套题答案

大学语文B一、判断题1、"后羿射日"神话本身就是小说。

（）答案：错2、散文集《雅舍小品》的作者是林语堂。

（）答案：错3、郭沫若历史剧主要特点之一是多取材于战国时代。

（）答案：对4、"备忘型"是日记的一种类型。

（）答案：对5、《始得西山宴游记》的结构线索是"乐-喜-悲"。

（）答案：错6、李清照的词集是《珠玉词》。

（）答案：错7、《荆钗记》被称为"南戏之祖"。

（）答案：错8、春秋战国时期影响最大的是兵家、名家和杂家等。

（）答案：错9、《原野》和《日出》是田汉的戏剧作品。

（）答案：错10、凡不合声律的诗皆称古体诗。

（）答案：对11、《繁星》《春水》用"小诗"的形式表现刹那间涌现的情思。

（）答案：对12、魏征多写直言极谏之文。

（）答案：对13、《古诗十九首》的作者都是东汉时的著名诗人。

（）答案：错14、"……者……也"结构的文言句式是判断句。

（）答案：对15、闻一多是"新月派"的代表人物之一。

（）答案：对16、从象征的角度看，《狂人日记》中的"狂人"是一个时代的先觉者。

（）答案：对17、《全宋词》共收录作品两万余首。

（）答案：对18、散文《中年》的语言诙谐幽默。

（）答案：对19、《李义山诗集》的作者是李贺。

（）答案：错20、《论语·侍坐》中孔子之所以笑子路，是因为子路不够谦虚和礼让。

（）答案：对二、选择题1、闻一多从事古典文学研究多年，出版了学术专著（）。

A：《诗经校注》B：《宋词校补》C：《唐诗校注》D：《楚辞校补》答案： D2、用通俗的语言解释词义叫（）。

A：诂B：训C：考D：注答案： B3、下列词作属于李清照的是（）。

A：《青玉案·元夕》B：《鹊桥仙》（纤云弄巧）C：《永遇乐·元宵》D：《鹊踏枝》（槛菊愁烟兰泣露）答案： C4、曹操的《短歌行》是一首（）。

暑假培训业务试题一：选择题（50道题）1、尊重幼儿，维护幼儿，平等对待每一位幼儿。

（）A人格合法权益B爱好兴趣发展C发展合法权益D人格性格形成2.注重培育幼儿良好的意志品质，帮助幼儿养成良好的行为习惯。

（）A教育教学B日常教育；C保教结合D行为规范3.关爱幼儿，重视幼儿身心健康，将保护幼儿（）放在首位。

A好奇心B兴趣爱好C生命安全D学习积极性4.使用符合幼儿的语言进行保教工作。

（）A 特殊需要B 身心特点C 随机喜爱D 年龄特点5.重视丰富幼儿多方面的，将探索、交往等实践活动作为幼儿最重要的学习方式。

（）A 书本知识B 社会认知C 直接经验D 实践操作6.科学照料幼儿，指导和协助保育员做好班级常规保育和卫生工作。

（）A饮食睡眠B在园卫生C日常生活D游戏学习7.组织幼儿游戏，应提供符合幼儿兴趣需要，（）和发展目标的游戏条件。

A发展状况B性格特征C情感需要D年龄特点8.保证幼儿每天睡( )，其中午睡一般应达到2小时左右。

午睡时间可根据幼儿的年龄、季节的变化和个体差异适当减少。

A、8～10小时B、10～11小时C、11～12小时D、12小时以上9.《指南》从几个领域描述幼儿的学习与发展（）A．2 B．3 C．4 D．510.《指南》中每个领域按照幼儿学习与发展最基本、最重要的内容划分为若干方面。

每个方面由几部分组成（）A．2 B．3 C．4 D．511.《指南》以什么为目标（）A．促进幼儿德智体美各方面的协调发展B．促进幼儿学习与发展的教育途径与方法C．帮助幼儿园教师和家长了解3-6岁幼儿学习与发展的基本规律和特点D．为幼儿后继学习和终身发展奠定良好素质基础12.以下说法，正确的是（）A．健康是指身体上的完满状态及良好的适应能力B．幼儿的语言能力是在交流和运用的过程中发展起来的C．《指南》是《纲要》的细化D．幼儿每天要睡10-11个小时13.4～5岁幼儿在讲话和表达方面的典型性表现是（）A．能有序、连贯、清楚的讲述一件事情B．愿意与他人讨论问题，敢在众人面前说话C．能基本完整地讲述自己的所见所闻和经历的事情，讲述比较连贯D．能口齿清楚地说儿歌、童谣或复述简短的故事14.人际交往和社会适应是幼儿社会学习的主要内容，也是（）发展的基本途径A．社会性B．语言C．沟通能力D．身体健康15.《指南》共有多少个学习和发展目标，多少条教育建议（）A．23,87B．23,78 C．32,87 D．32,7816.数学认识的发展目标是让幼儿（）A．完全掌握形状与空间关系B．初步感知生活中数学的有用和有趣C．深刻理解数、量及数量关系D．能发现生活中许多问题都可以用数学的方法来解决，体验解决问题的乐趣。

2021 年6 月大学英语六级考试真题〔第二套〕特别说明：2021 年 6 月大学英语六级试卷的三套试题有重叠局部，本试卷〔第二套〕只列出与第一、第三套不重复的试题。

具体重叠局部：本卷全部听力题与第一套试卷有重复，本试卷不再列出。

Part I Writing (30 minutes)For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on e-learning. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more people study online instead of attending school. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Directions:Part III Reading comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The robotics revolution is set to bring humans face to face with an old fear—man-made creations as smart and capable as we are but without a moral compass. As robots take on ever more complex roles, the question naturally 26 : Who will be responsible when they do something wrong? Manufacturers? Users? Software writers? The answer depends on the robot.Robots already save us time, money and energy. In the future, they will improve our health care, social welfare and standard of living. The 27 of computational power and engineering advances will 28 enable lower-cost in- home care for the disabled, 29 use of driverless cars that may reduce drunk- and distracted-driving accidents and countless home and service-industry uses for robots, from street cleaning to food preparation.But there are 30 to be problems. Robot cars will crash. A drone ( 遥控飞行器 ) operator will 31 someone’s privacy. A robotic lawn mower will run over a neighbor’s cat. Juries sympathetic to the 32 of machines will punish entrepreneurs with company-crushing 33 and damages. What should governments do to protect people while 34 space for innovation?Big, complicated systems on which much public safety depends, like driverless cars, should be built, 35 and sold by manufacturers who take responsibility for ensuring safety and are liable for accidents. Governments should set safety requirements and then let insurers price the risk of the robots based on the manufacturer’s driving record, not the passenger’s.注意：此局部试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

一. 单选题（共20题,共40分）1. 8,理财目标是制订理财方案所要实现的愿望.理财目标是制定理财方案的基础,所以客户的理财目标必须2. 5,财务信息是指客户目前的( ) ,资产负债状况和其他财务安排以及这些信息的未来变化状况. （23. 3、财务信息是指客户目前的（），资产负债状况和其他财务安排以及这些信息的未来变化状4. 6,客户提出理财的要求,不仅希望增加收益改善财务状况,而且要保证财务状况的( ). （2分）5.6. 6、客户提出理财的要求，不仅希望增加收益改善财务状况，而且要保证财务状况的（）。

（27.8.9. 4、侵权行为是不法（）非法合同权利或者受法律保护的利益，因而行为人须就所生损害负担责12. 2、客户的收入水平与支出情况是理财时需要了解的重要财务数据，也是编制客户现金流量表的基14. 7,现金流量表全面反映客户一定时期的收入于支出情况,客户资产负债情况的变化首先表现在( )的16. 2,保险策划的目的即在于通过对客户客户经济状况和保险需求的深入分析,帮助客户选择合适( ),并20. 2、现金流量表全面反映客户一定时期的收入于支出情况，客户资产负债情况的变化首先表现在二. 多选题1.2. 3、一般说来，客户风险偏好可以分为五种类型：保守型、轻度保守型、中立型、轻度进取型和进取3.4. 8、只有了解宏观经济发展的总体走向，才能顺应经济发展趋势，做出正确的理财决策；只有密切关注5.6.7.8.9.三. 判断题1.2. 5、优先认股权是上市公司给予优先股持有人在未来某个时间或者一段时间以确定的价格购买一定数量3.4. 3、耐用品是指能够持续使用三年或三年以上的产品，如计算机、飞机等。

（）（2分）5.6. 6、知识营销原则是指，理财客户经理在营销过程中，使客户在获得物质上的享受、知识上的提高的基7.8.9.10. 10、个人税务筹划是个人理财规划中的一项重要内容，它是在纳税义务发生之前在法律允许的范围之11. 2、按照银监会对个人理财业务的定义，商业银行为销售储蓄存款产品、信贷产品等进行的产品介绍12. 7、保险中所谓的重要事项是指一切可能影响到一位谨慎的保险人做出是否承保，以及确定保险费率17. 1、一国的国际收支处于顺差状态，本币供大于求，将贬值；国际收支处于逆差状态，则本币求大于18. 1、个人/家庭管理纯粹风险的工具包括商业保险、社会保险和雇主提供的雇员团体保险。

1、（单选题）根据宪法的规定，有权设立常务委员会的地方各级人民代表大会最低一级是（）。

A.乡级B.省级C.市级D.县级正确答案：D2、（单选题）在我国，有权修改宪法的机关是（）。

A.国务院B.全国人民代表大会常务委员会C.最高人民法院D.全国人民代表大会正确答案：D3、（单选题）根据宪法的规定，（）是我国地方各级国家权力机关。

A.地方各级人民政府B.地方各级党委C.地方各级人民法院D.地方各级人大正确答案：D4、（单选题）宪法明确规定，中央和地方的国家机构职权的划分，遵循在中央的统一领导下，充分发挥地方的（）的原则。

A.主动性、能动性B.积极性、创造性C.主动性、积极性D.能动性、创造性正确答案：C5、（单选题）根据宪法的规定，居民委员会主任由（）。

A.居（村）民选举B.街道办事处任命C.居（村）民小组聘任D.群众推荐上级任命正确答案：A6、（单选题）根据宪法的规定，县级以上的地方各级人民政府职权不包括（）。

A.撤销上级人民政府的不适当的决定B.执行上级国家行政机关的决定和命令C.管理本行政区域内的行政工作D.领导所属各工作部门和下级人民政府的工作正确答案：A7、（单选题）根据现行宪法，下列哪个机关有权规定中央和省、自治区、直辖市的国家行政机关的职权的具体划分？（）A.全国人民代表大会常务委员会B.国务院各部委C.国务院D.全国人民代表大会正确答案：C8、（单选题）根据宪法的规定，下列不属于居民委员会的主要任务的是（）。

A.协助维护社会治安B.调解民间纠纷C.办理本居住地区的公共事务和公益事业D.侦查刑事案件正确答案：D9、（单选题）民族乡的人民代表大会可以依照法律规定的权限采取适合（）的具体措施。

A.现实国情B.国家政策C.民族特点D.宗教信仰正确答案：C10、（单选题）下列国家机关中，属于民族自治机关的是（）。

A.自治州人民法院B.自治县人民检察院C.国家民族事务委员会D.自治区人民政府正确答案：D11、（单选题）根据我国现行宪法的规定，省、直辖市、设区的市的人大代表由（）的人大选举。

期末机考《个人与团队》复习资料第二套《个人与团队管理》第二套单选题（共60题，共60分）1.组织在制定战略时需要考虑自身的优势和劣势，外部的机遇和威胁。

属于组织机遇的是（）。

A人员更替频繁B良好的团队合作C有利的行业政策D僵化的等级制度参考答案：C2.要克服研究过程中存在的种种障碍，做法不正确的是（）。

A找出面临的障碍B无视障碍的存在C深刻分析问题根源D对出现的问题进行反思参考答案：B3.研发部常常采取投票的方式选择最佳方案，这种达成协议的方式的优点是（）。

A所有团队成员都能一致接受协议B有利于协议得到更好地开展C能够减少作决策的时间D使每个团队成员都满意参考答案：C4.关于Y理论，说法正确的是（）。

A崇奉Y理论的人认为大部分人天生懒散BY理论的人认为工作是人的天性CY理论的人认为付出和收获是对等的，不需要领导激励DY理论的人认为只有给员工好处，他才会好好工作参考答案：B5.在公司，XXX所在团队有严格的工作流程，并且全部无纸化操作，某一步出错就会影响到团队整体业绩。

这体现了组织文化中的（）。

A组织成员穿着打扮的方式B阶层的层级C是不是很容易发表意见D政策和程序参考答案：D6.XXX所在公司的车间里噪音很大，照明和通风条件也很差，员工们都很不满意，XXX被公司派去解决这个问题，他最应该从（）上下手解决这个问题。

A薪酬水平B福利待遇C工作条件D组织文化参考答案：C7.电子头脑风暴法是一种简便的创新思维方法，属于它的优点的是（）。

期末机考《个人与团队》复资料第二套A效率受规模约束B权威损失C更多人员参与D社会互动减少参考答案：C8.关于活动跟踪表，说法不正确的是（）。

A聊天、喝茶、打电话等活动不用记录B可以帮助我们了解本人的工作惯C全部过程工夫要保持继续D有助于找到细节问题参考答案：A9.领导者应该帮助团队以成熟的方式进行运作、处理纠纷以及反馈信息，激励他们并使他们愿意为集体作贡献。

这属于领导者三项任务中的（）。

第二套题一、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1．茶，又名茗，是茶树、茶叶的总称。

日常生活中，人们喜欢按茶叶的颜色来划分，如绿茶、红茶、白茶、黄茶、黑茶、（）等。

2．酒按照不同的分类标准有不同的类型。

如按生产工艺或酿酒的方法，酒可分为（）、发酵酒和配制酒。

3．我国历史上长期发展形成的八大菜系是指（）、鲁菜、粤菜、闽菜、湘菜、皖菜、浙菜、苏菜。

4.刺绣是中国优秀的民族传统工艺之一，著名的“四大名绣”有（）、湘绣、粤绣和蜀绣。

5.汉族的四大传统节日是（）、清明节、端午节和中秋节。

6．我国少数民族有富于民族特色的茶俗，蒙古族的为（）。

7．按白酒的香型来划分，四川宜宾五粮液属于（）白酒。

8．人生礼仪习俗包括生诞习俗、婚嫁习俗、寿庆习俗和（）。

9．虫王节是我国少数民族（）的节日。

10．三蛇龙虎会是我国八大菜系中（）的代表名菜。

二、单项选择题（每题2分，共10分）1．按照酒精的含量划分，酒有高度酒、中度酒和低度酒。

其中高度酒是指酒精含量在的酒。

（）A. 40度以上B. 20度至39度C. 20度以下D. 10度至19度2．下列属于满族传统节日的是：（）A.“抹黑节”B.“西迁节”C.“添仓节”D. “三月街”3．下列不属于我国少数民族民居中的穹庐式民居的有：（）A. 蒙古族的蒙古包B. 裕固族的帐房C. 藏族的帐篷D. 维吾尔的“阿以旺”4．因其营养非常丰富，素有“液体面包”的美誉。

（）A.白酒B.葡萄酒C.啤酒D.黄酒5．按古时的习惯，人不满岁，只能叫过生日，不能做寿。

（）A.40B.50C.60D.70三、多项选择题（每题2分，共10分，多选或选错均不得分）1．下列属于我国少数民族民居中的院落式民居的有：（）A. 维吾尔的“阿以旺”B. 满族的口袋房C. 藏族的帐篷D. 蒙古族的蒙古包2．从节日的来历划分，我国的节日包括：（）A. 传统民间节日B. 现代节日C. 外来民俗节日D. 新兴节日3.下列属于藏族传统节日的有：（）A.“藏历新年”B.“沐浴节”C.“蝴蝶会”D.“望果节”4．民间口头文学包括：（）A. 歌谣B. 故事与笑话C. 谚语与谜语D. 说唱与小戏5．著名的四大年画有：（）A.天津的杨柳青B.山东潍坊的杨家埠C.苏州的桃花坞D.四川的绵竹四、连线题（每题2分，共16分）将各大菜系及其代表名菜连线。

一、概念解释（选其中8题，计２０分）1 回正力矩轮胎发生侧偏时会产生作用于轮胎绕轴的回正力矩。

是圆周行驶时使转向车轮恢复到直线行驶位置的主要恢复力矩之一。

回正力矩是由接地面内分布的微元侧向反力产生的。

车轮静止受到侧向力后，印迹长轴线与车轮平面平行，线上各点相对于平面的横向变形均为，即地面侧向反作用力沿线均匀分布。

车轮滚动时线不仅与车轮平面错开距离，且转动了角，因而印迹前端离车轮平面近，侧向变形小；印迹后端离车轮平面远，侧向变形大。

地面微元侧向反作用力的分布与变形成正比，故地面微元侧向反作用力的合力大小与侧向力相等，但其作用点必然在接地印迹几何中心的后方，偏移距离，称为轮胎拖距。

就是回正力矩。

2 汽车动力因数由汽车行驶方程式可导出则被定义为汽车动力因数。

以为纵坐标，汽车车速为横坐标绘制不同档位的的关系曲线图，即汽车动力特性图。

3 汽车动力性及评价指标汽车动力性，是指在良好、平直的路面上行驶时，汽车由所受到的纵向外力决定的、所能达到的平均行驶速度。

汽车动力性的好坏通常以汽车加速性、最高车速及最大爬坡度等项目作为评价指标。

动力性代表了汽车行驶可发挥的极限能力。

4 同步附着系数两轴汽车的前、后制动器制动力的比值一般为固定的常数。

通常用前制动器制动力对汽车总制动器制动力之比来表明分配比例，即制动器制动力分配系数。

它是前、后制动器制动力的实际分配线，简称为线。

线通过坐标原点，其斜率为。

具有固定的线与I线的交点处的附着系数,被称为同步附着系数，见下图。

它表示具有固定线的汽车只能在一种路面上实现前、后轮同时抱死。

同步附着系数是由汽车结构参数决定的，它是反应汽车制动性能的一个参数。

5 汽车通过性几何参数汽车通过性的几何参数是与防止间隙失效有关的汽车本身的几何参数。

它们主要包括最小离地间隙、接近角、离去角、纵向通过角等。

另外，汽车的最小转弯直径和内轮差、转弯通道圆及车轮半径也是汽车通过性的重要轮廓参数。

6 附着椭圆汽车运动时，在轮胎上常同时作用有侧向力与切向力。

一、单选（每小题2分）1．下列属于计算机在人工智能方面的典型应用是( C )（A）图书管理（B）服装设计（C）人机博弈（D）视频播放2．下列能有效防止感染计算机病毒的措施是（ A ）（A）安装防、杀毒软件（B）不随意删除文件（C）不随意新建文件夹（D）经常进行磁盘碎片整理3．下列属于存储设备的是( B )（A） CPU （B）硬盘（C）显示器（D）打印机4．下列用于输出音频信息的设备是（ A ）（A）音箱（B）键盘（C）打印机（D）显示器5．计算机系统资源管理中，主要负责对内存分配与回收管理的是( B )（A）处理器管理（B）存储器管理（C）I/O设备管理（D）文件系统管理6．利用Windows 98附件中的“画图”软件制作的图像文件，其扩展名一般是（ D ）（A）.txt （B）.doc （C）.xls （D）.bmp7．在Windows中，需要查找以n开头且扩展名为.com的所有文件，在查找对话框内的名称框中应输入( D )（A） （B）n?.com （C）com.n* （D）n*.com8．在Windows 中，需要查找一个大于500MB的视频文件时，可以采用的查找方式是（ C ）（A）按名称查找（B）按日期查找（C）按高级查找（D）按位置查找9．通常所说的ADSL是指( A )A）上网方式（B）电脑品牌（C）网络服务商（D）网页制作技术10．调制解调器的主要作用是实现（ D ）（A）图形与图像之间的转换（B）广播信号与电视信号的转换（C）音频信号与视频信号的转换（D）模拟信号与数字信号的转换11．下列四项中表示电子邮件地址的是( A )（A）ks@ （B）192.168.0.1 （C） （D）12．欲将一个play.exe文件发送给远方的朋友，可以把该文件放在电子邮件的（ B ）（A）正文中（B）附件中（C）主题中（D）地址中13．要表示7种不同的状态，至少需要的比特数是( B )（A）1 （B）3 （C）5 （D）714．大写字母A的ASCII编码为100 0001，则大写字母C的编码是（ B ）（A） 100 0010 （B） 100 0011 （C） 100 0100 （D） 100 010115．下列文件中，通常属于音频文件的是( C )（A）music.bmp （B）music.doc （C）music.mid （D）music.txt16．WinZIP是一种（ C ）（A）文字编辑软件（B）视频制作软件（C）文件压缩软件（D）网页浏览软件17．下列可以作为宏名称的是( C )（A）3c_a （B）_pro （C）pro_ex1 （D）浙江18．录制一个画矩形的宏，其主要操作过程如下：①点击“停止录制”按钮②点击“录制宏”按钮③单击“绘图”工具栏上的“矩形”按钮，并画一个矩形正确的操作顺序是（ A ）（A）②③①（B）①②③（C）③①②（D）①③②19．有如下Visual Basic 程序段：t = 1For I = 1 To 3t= t * 2Next该程序段运行后，变量t的值是( D )（A） 2 （B） 4 （C） 6 （D） 820.以下的网络分类方法中，哪一组分类方法有误( B )？A.局域网/广域网B.对等网/城域网C.环型网/星型网D.有线网/无线网21、计算机硬件能直接识别和执行的只有（ D ）A）高级语言 B）符号语言 C）汇编语言 D）机器语言22、把WINDOWS的窗口和对话框作一比较，窗口可以移动和改变大小，而对话框（ B ）A）既不能移动，也不能改变大小 B）仅可以移动，不能改变大小C）仅可以改变大小，不能移动 D）既能移动，也能改变大小23、在WINDOWS中，“任务栏”的作用是（ D ）A）显示系统的所有功能 B）只显示当前活动窗口名C）只显示正在后台工作的窗口名 D）实现窗口之间的切换20、当个人计算机以拔号方式接入INTERNET网时，必须使用的设备是（ B ）A）网卡 B）调制解调器（MODEM）C）电话机 D）浏览器软件21、默认情况下，启动excel工作窗口之后，每个工作簿由三张工作表组成，工作表名字为（ C ）A）工作表1、工作表2和工作表3 B）BOOK1、BOOK2和BOOK3C）SHEET1、SHEET2和SHEET3 D）工作簿1、工作簿2和工作簿322．微机在工作中突然掉电，则计算机中（ B ）的内容将会丢失。

2023年6月英语六级听力真题（第二套）【四六级试卷采用花卷形式，核对答案时请找准具体选项内容，忽略套数和选项符号】Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard1. A) She is drawn to its integration of design and engineering.B) She is influenced by her father who teaches architecture.C) She is preoccupied with her dream to be an architect.D) She is attracted to the beauty of modern buildings.2. A) By taking prerequisite courses.B) By studying the subject online.C) With the professor’s help.D) Through hard work.3. A) It is immortal.B) It is immaterial.C) It is long-lasting.D) It is groundbreaking.4. A) Computer science.B) Philosophy.C) Economics.D) Western art.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) He is a famous football coach.B) He is well known to the public.C) He has been guarded by a discreet assistant.D) He has occasionally been harassed by his fans.6. A) Help promote Mr Sanchez’s public profile.B) Run common daily chores for the woman.C) Play a key role in Real Madrid.D) Serve as a personal assistant.7. A) He once worked part-time in university.B) He is honest and always tells the truth.C) He cares little about his working hours.D) He has little previous work experience.8. A) He has a natural capacity to cooperate with others.B) He has a sound knowledge of sports consultancy.C) He has a high proficiency in several languages.D) He has a strong ability to connect with people.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) They have fewer rules and pressures.B) They require less supervision and training.C) They are more suitable to young people.D) They bring more benefits to young people.10. A) They prevent kids from enjoying adventure sports.B) They rob kids of the chance to cultivate their courage.C) They help kids guard against any possible injuries.D) They deprive kids of the opportunity to develop team spirit.11. A) Introduce them to these sports step by step.B) Ask them to try some forms of indoor sport.C) Let them participate in some less risky outdoor activities.D) Help them take up these sports when they are more mature. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) Manufacturers use effective strategies to promote fancier products.B) Tech firms intentionally design products to have short lifespans.C) Such products tend to comprise parts that are irreplaceable.D) Consumers often have a craving for the latest model.13. A) Detail the life cycle of their products.B) Specify the major parts of their products.C) List a repairability score of their products.D) Indicate the competitiveness of their products.14. A) Take due caution in upgrading their products.B) Substitute all toxic substances with non-toxic ones.C) Invest in constructing more recycling facilities.D) Take the initiative to reduce electronic waste.15. A) It can be solved.B) It is certain to worsen.C) It is unavoidable in the long run.D) It will be fixed by tech companies.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) How internet monitoring can be implemented.B) How to prevent employees from cyberloafing.C) How cyberloafing affects overall productivity.D) How to encourage productive internet surfing.17. A) Overuse of social media may lead to decline in productivity.B) Employee engagement is closely related to job satisfaction.C) Cyberloafing may relieve employees of stress.D) Cyberloafing is a sign of workers’ laziness.18. A) Taking mini-breaks means better job performance.B) Cyberloafing generally does more harm than good.C) Employees who indulge in internet surfing are most likely to quit.D) Worker turnover is linked to the time allowed for cyberloafing. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) There were environmental problems.B) There were no wooden buildings.C) There were few settlers.D) There were no trees.20. A) He urged the state to start the Nebraska State Gardening Society.B) He founded a newspaper and used it to promote his ideas.C) He engaged himself in a large number of aesthetic projects.D) He served as chairman of the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture.21. A) Nebraska earned the nickname “the Tree Planters State”.B) The state government declared it the official Arbor Day.C) One million trees were planted throughout Nebraska.D) A special prize was awarded to Julius Morton.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) They lived mostly in Africa for about 200,000 years.B) They moved out of Africa about 60,000 years ago.C) They preferred to live in Europe rather than in Asia.D)They spread across Europe and Asia in a few decades.23. A) The Luna cave in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.B) The human fossils discovered most recently in Africa.C) The traces of human migration out of Africa to Asia.D) The discovery of two modern human teeth in China.24. A) There must have been some reason for human migration.B) Humans had access to abundant food sources there.C) Humans adapted themselves to the environment there.D) There have been changes in animals’ living conditions.25. A) When modern humans started to disperse out of Africa.B) How humans settled down on the Arabian Peninsula.C) Why fresh water is so important for human survival.D) What path modern humans took to migrate out of Africa.答案速查1. A) She is drawn to its integration of design and engineering.2. D) Through hard work.3. C) It is long-lasting.4. A) Computer science.5. B) He is well known to the public.6. D) Serve as a personal assistant.7. D) He has little previous work experience.8. C) He has a high proficiency in several languages.9. A) They have fewer rules and pressures.10. B) They rob kids of the chance to cultivate their courage.11. C) Let them participate in some less risky outdoor activities.12. B) Tech firms intentionally design products to have short lifespans.13. C) List a repairability score of their products.14. D) Take the initiative to reduce electronic waste.15. A) It can be solved.16. B) How to prevent employees from cyberloafing.17. C) Cyberloafing may relieve employees of stress.18. A) Taking mini-breaks means better job performance.19. D) There were no trees.20. B) He founded a newspaper and used it to promote his ideas.21. C) One million trees were planted throughout Nebraska.22. B) They moved out of Africa about 60,000 years ago.23. D) The discovery of two modern human teeth in China.24. A) There must have been some reason for human migration.25. D) What path modern humans took to migrate out of Africa.听力原文与答案Section AConversation OneM: Have you decide d what you wish to study?W: Yes, professor. I wish to study architecture.M: Ah, that’s a wonderful profession. Why did you choose it?W: I gave a lot of thought to things you said during our last discussion. (1) And I decided architecture made the most sense for me. In particular, I’m attracted to the marriage of design and engineering.M: That’s great, but I seem to remember you were preoccupied with all the lofty mathematics. You no longer think this aspect will be too hard for you?W: No. I was doing some online research and I think I should be able to manage. (2) Math might be the toughest subject I encounter in the curriculum, but I’ll simply put in the work required. I’m certain the fruits of my labor will pay off.M: I’m sure that’s true. Due to its material nature, architecture is one field where you will be able to clearly witness the contribution you make to a city. (3) And the legacies you build will last much longer than any of us mortals.W:Yeah, I guess that’s true too. So what subjects do you think I should start brushing up on in preparation? I have the whole summer.M: These days, architecture is a very diverse and dynamic degree. Most universities will encourage you to learn different things from fields as wide-ranging as philosophy and economics. Nevertheless, (4) I would suggest you start with computer science, because there will be many intricate visuals you will have to produce as part of your projects.W: Any software in particular you think I should start with?M: Photoshop is a good place. If you aren’t yet, try to become as proficient as you can with it. And another thing that I would recommend you learn as much as you can is fine arts, in particular, the history of Western art.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q1. Why does the woman wish to study architecture? 答案: A)Q2. How does the woman say she will overcome the difficulty in learning mathematics? 答案: D)Q3. What does the man say about architects’ contribution to a city? 答案: C)Q4. What subject does the man suggest the woman start with? 答案: A)Conversation TwoW: So, as I mentioned over the phone, we are looking for someone who is very discreet. I can’t stress this enough.M: I fully understand.W: As we all know, (5) being such a famous football player at Real Madrid, Mr Sanchez has a very high public profile. This means he cannot leave the house without being recognized and harassed.M: Yes, I completely understand how imperative it would be to respect Mr Sanchez’s private life.W: Good. (6) As his personal assistant, you would be required to run common everyday chores for Mr Sanchez, things he cannot do himself due to his fame, like going to the supermarket or post office. So, well, at first sight it may appear that working for a celebrity is very glamorous. Nothing could be further from the truth. I’m telling you this so that you don’t get any false expectations of what the job has to offer you.M: Thanks. I understand this too. (7) This is my first job after graduating from university. So frankly, I don’t have much prior working experience. I am, however, very excited about the prospect of joining this company and very keen to start from the bottom in whatever capacity I may be of use.W: That’s good to hear. You sound very energetic. Tell me why do you think you are well suited for this job?M:Well, firstly, I love football. I’m a lifelong Real Madrid supporter and go to their games every weekend I can. I would simply love to have a job where I’m involved in some capacity with Real Madrid, regardless of the position and salary. (8-1) And secondly, I think what this company does in sports consultancy is very cool. And I think my language skills could prove very useful down the road. W: Please tell me more about your language skills.M: (8-2) I am fully fluent in English and Spanish and have a working proficiency in French. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q5. What do we learn from the conversation about Mr Sanchez? 答案: B)Q6. What will the man do if he gets the job? 答案: D)Q7. What does the man say about himself? 答案: D)Q8. Why does the man think he is a very competitive candidate? 答案: C)Section BPassage One(9) Adventure sports are undeniably attractive to many energetic and thrill-seeking kids. Sports like rock climbing, surfing, skiing, and mountain biking, thus have lots of appeal. They don’t have many of the rules and pressures of traditional team sports, but they still have all the benefits of outdoor physical activity. When properly supervised, extreme sports can be a part of a healthy, balanced life.Some adventure sports may be associated with higher risks of injury, so it’s important for kids to figure out when to take risks, and when not to. (10) Risk-free activities deprive kids of the opportunity to test themselves and overcome their fears.But, to some, these very risks are what makes these sports a bad choice. They say that extreme sports can often lead to devastating injuries, especially as young thrill seekers may attempt feats that are too advanced for them.But let’s be real. Most kids do all kinds of dangerous stuff whether you want them to or not. Adventure sports have many of the same risks and dangers. But, they have an additional sense of adventure, courage and autonomy that is important to foster in young children. As always, it’s up to parents to decide what’s best for their kids. (11) But, if you do decide that adventure sports are a bit too much, do try to introduce other forms of outdoor adventures into their lives. Camping under the stars, fishing, stargazing, or even just playing in the woods can help a lot in building the same sense of self-confidence and risk-taking as in adventure sports.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q9. Why do extreme sports appeal to many kids? 答案: A)Q10. What does the speaker say about risk-free activities? 答案: B)Q11. What shall parents do if they decide adventure sports are a bit too much for their kids? 答案: C)Passage TwoThe shiny gadgets of today will be waste tomorrow.Manufacturers don’t talk much about this when they announce the big new thing that will replace your mostly just as good old thing. (12) In fact, technology firms often purposely design devices that will not last long and cannot be repaired so that consumers will have to spend their money on a new one. (13) This year, the French government began requiring tech manufacturers to list a repairability score. If a device can be repaired, then its life can be extended, saving consumers money and the planet the burden of so many trashed gadgets. Equipped with this knowledge, consumers can make better choices about which products to buy.Some 59 million tons of old TVs, computers, screens, smartphones, washers and other electronics are discarded every year. This waste is dangerous. Batteries explode in recycling facilities. Toxic substances like mercury leak into soil and groundwater and disperse in the air. Manufacturing flat screens adds greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. (14) We need tech companies to take the lead to solve this problem. If they won’t, governments must make them do so.Although tech companies will often speak of environmental sustainability, many lobby against repair legislation, fearful it will eat into their profits. Sustainability matters, but marketable design appears to matter more to these companies. Consumers should support right-to-repair legislation.(15) In this world, damage is a certainty. But we cannot leave things broken: A problem of our creation is a problem that can be fixed.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q12. Why did new tech products soon become waste? 答案: B)Q13. What did the French government require tech companies to do to help consumers make better choices? 答案: C)Q14. What should tech companies do to help ensure environmental sustainability? 答案: D)Q15. What does the speaker think of the problem of waste? 答案: A)Section CRecording OneOn average, U.S. workers spend about 10% of their workday surfing the internet, emailing friends or shopping online. This behavior, called cyberloafing, is believed to cost employers up to $85 billion a year in lost productivity.(16) The majority of cyberloafing research focuses on ways to prevent employees from engaging in this behavior through interventions such as internet monitoring and computer use policies.But it turns out, such behaviors may not be a sign that a worker is lazy or just wasting time. Social media use at work has been linked to higher levels of employee engagement and job satisfaction. New research suggests cyberloafing can help workers cope with an exceptionally stressful work environment.But is cyberloafing actually effective at reducing employee stress levels?That’s the question my research team wanted to answer in our new study. (17) Our hypothesis was that cyberloafing may serve as a mini-break, giving employees an opportunity to recover from stressful work situations.To test this, we asked workers to complete an online survey and rank how much time they spent cyberloafing, checking non-work emails and shopping. We also asked them to rank job satisfaction, their desire to quit, and how often they’ve experienced mistreatment at work, such as being bullied, threatened or yelled at.As you might expect, we found that overall, more mistreatment at work was correlated with lower levels of job satisfaction and a greater desire to quit.More interestingly, we found that cyberloafing effectively buffered this connection. That is, mistreated workers who spent more time surfing the web and checking emails reported higher job satisfaction and were less likely to want to quit than similar participants who didn’t cyberloaf as much.This suggests that cyberloafing acts as a sort of relief valve for workers, helping them recover from stressful experiences.(18) While we did not directly assess how cyberloafing affects worker performance, we believe by relieving stress it may not only reduce worker turnover, but also ultimately bolster productivity. This fits with other recent research that suggests taking short breaks is associated with higher levels of daily job performance.That isn’t to say cyberloafing is always good. Too much time spent on non-work activities likely causes performance to suffer.All in all, managers should be more lenient with employees. We believe a bit of online shopping or surfing the internet at work could make workers more productive in the long run.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.Q16. What does most cyberloafing research focus on? 答案: B)Q17. What was the hypothesis of the speaker’s research team? 答案: C)Q18. On what point do the results of the speaker’s study agree with other recent research? 答案: A) Recording Two(19) When Julius Morton moved to Nebraska City in 1854, he faced a problem shared by many settlers in the territory: It was a treeless plain. That meant no trees for building materials, or for fuel.But Morton was one of the world’s first conservationists, stating, “For prosperity, we ought to plant as many forests as we have exhausted and consumed”. So he started planting trees, beginning with his own land.By 1860 Morton possessed a forest of more than 300 trees. A few years later, he had more than 1,000.(20) As the forest grew, so did Morton’s influence in Nebraska. This was largely because Morton founded the Nebraska City News, the state’s first newspaper, in which he frequently wrote editorials about the practical and aesthetic benefits of tree planting. He also organized the Nebraska State Gardening Society and served on the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture.While serving on the Board, Morton came up with an idea to spread his belief in tree planting statewide. On January 4, 1872, Morton drafted a resolution that April 10 be designated day for the planting of trees in the State of Nebraska and urged people to go out and plant trees themselves.Morton called the special event Arbor Day as “arbor” is Latin for “tree”. The state government agreed.(21) And on April 10, 1872, the first unofficial Arbor Day was celebrated throughout Nebraska. Prizes were awarded to counties, cities, and individuals who planted the largest number of trees. That day, an astounding one million trees were planted in Nebraska—an average of more than six for every man, woman and child in the state.Since 1885, Nebraska has planted more than 700,000 acres of trees, earning it the nickname “the Tree Planters State”. Arbor Day became a legal, civic holiday in the state in 1885. It was held on April 22—Julius Morton’s birthday. In addition to a parade in Nebraska City, Morton introduced what has since become a long-standing Arbor Day tradition: Schoolchildren went outside and planted trees together.In 1970, nearly a century after Arbor Day was first celebrated, President Richard Nixon declared the last Friday of every April to be observed as National Arbor Day. All 50 states recognize the April observance, although many hold an additional state Arbor Day in a month more suited to local tree planting.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.Q19. What does the speaker say about Nebraska City in 1854 when Julius Morton moved there? 答案: D)Q20. What did Julius Morton do that increased his influence in Nebraska City? 答案: B)Q21. What does the speaker say happened on April 10, 1872? 答案: C)Recording Three(22) Modern humans arose in Africa about 200,000 years ago. They then spread across Europe and Asia sometime after 60,000 years ago. This is the “Out of Africa” model, as it’s commonly known. In the 1990s, the hypothesis found widespread acceptance. But this popular idea is in need of revision, particularly given the number of important findings across Asia over the past few decades. (23-1) For instance, many new human fossils found, particularly in China, are now dated as older than 60,000 years. This calls into question the idea that modern humans migrated out of Africa only 60,000 years ago.(23-2) Take the recent discovery of two modern human teeth found in the Luna cave in China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. When my research team and I dated these teeth, we found they were more than 70,000 years old—a situation clearly impossible if modern humans moved out of Africa only 60,000 years ago. So with such findings, what happened exactly? Where does the most current data suggest we came from?The first question we should ask is why did modern humans leave Africa to begin with?(24) If a population is perfectly adapted to a particular environment and has access to an abundance of resources, then there really is no reason to move or change. For instance, some monkeys in Africa have a set of teeth that has hardly changed over the course of millions of years, indicating that they found a place that has worked for them.So what happened with humans?Some researchers have suggested that population density increased to the point where smaller human groups were forced to explore new lands.Other researchers have suggested that due to major environmental events in East Africa, humans were prompted to find greener pastures.Yet another explanation could simply be that early modern human hunters were following the large animals that they relied on, and so they moved out of Africa without realizing that they were actually moving from one continent to another.(25) Humans need daily access to reliable fresh water, which appears to be absent from many coastal areas. This brings us to another question: by which route did modern humans move out of Africa?No clear routes across the Mediterranean from North Africa appear to be present, so the earlier dispersals out of Africa and into Europe and Asia might have been across the Arabian Peninsula. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.Q22. What do we learn about modern humans according to the hypothesis commonly accepted in the 1990s? 答案: B)Q23. What has called into question the “Out of Africa” model? 答案: D)Q24. What does the speaker want to show with the example of some monkeys in Africa? 答案: A)Q25. What question does the speaker raise close to the end of the talk? 答案: D)。