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Unit 4 Earthquakes重点单词和短语1. right/ straight away = at once 立刻；马上=right now=in no time=without delay=immediately2. burst (burst, burst) vi. 爆裂；爆发burst into 突然……起来burst into tears/ laughters/ flames 突然大哭/大笑/起火burst out crying/ laughing/ singing 突然哭起来/笑起来/唱起来n. 一阵a burst of laughter/ applause 一阵笑声/掌声a burst of anger 怒火的迸发as if/ though+clause虚拟情况从句时态与现在事实相反一般过去时与过去事实相反过去完成时4. at an end 结束；终结in the end 最后；终于（一般过去时）at the end (of sth.) 在结尾处；在（……）结束的时候(一般过去时)by the end of this month 在本月末（过去完成时）Nation n国家，民族national adj5. ruin n. 废墟；毁灭；遗迹be in ruins 成为一片废墟v. 毁灭；使破产/灭ruin one’s health 毁坏某人健康ruin one’s hope 使某人希望破灭extreme adj极度的extremely advInjure v损害，伤害injury n 受伤injured adj受伤的the injured 伤员6. destroy (destroyed, destroyed) vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭destruction n. 破坏；毁坏7. track n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹keep track of 记录；掌握……的线索Useless adj无用的useful adjIt is useless to do =It is useless doing=It is no use doing做。
Unit 4Earthquakes知识点讲解一：重点单词1. burst vi. & vt. (burst, burst)（使某物）爆炸；胀破；爆破I’ve eaten so much I feel ready to burst.我吃得太多，肚子都要撑破了。
短语：（1）burst in/into (a room, etc. )突然进入（房间等）All of them burst into laughter/tears/song.他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来/唱起来。
The police burst in/into the room and arrested that gang.警察突然闯进房门逮捕了那帮人。
（2）burst out doing. . .突然开始做某事All of them burst out laughing/crying/singing.他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来/唱起来。
2. in ruins严重受损；破败不堪；成为废墟An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.地震过后全城到处都是颓垣断壁。
His career is/lies in ruins.他的事业已完全失败。
3. injure vt.伤害，损害，受伤She was badly injured in an accident during the work.她在一次工伤事故中受了重伤。
harm, hurt, injure & wound:a.harm用于指肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情；b.hurt为一般用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害，还可用作不及物动词，意为“疼痛”；c.injure一般指由于意外或事故而受伤；d.wound指外伤（如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等），尤指在战争、战斗中受伤。
The robber______________ him with a knife.A. harmedB. hurtC. injuredD. wounded 答案：D4. destroy vt. to break to pieces; to make useless; to put an end to摧毁；毁坏；破坏The fire destroyed all my books.这场大火毁了我的全部书籍。
人教新课标版高一必修1重点提炼：Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇突破一、重难词汇突破：1.imagine vt.“想象，设想”讲We can't imagine life without any water.我们无法想象没有水的生活。
注：1）imagine一般不能用于进行时，但和always,all the time,these days等时间状语连用，用于进行时，带有某种感情色彩。
2）动名词复合结构中，可用普通格代替所有格。
She is always imagine dangers that don't exist.她总是想象那些根本不存在的危险。
I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.我几乎不能想象彼得五天之内横渡大西洋。
Can you imagined that he left without even a word?你能设想他甚至一句话不说就离开吗？I ca n't imagine why people speak against her.我无法想象为什么人们说她的闲话。
I imagine her(to be)beautiful and soft.我把她想象得既温柔又漂亮。
【明辨易混】imagine, guess, supposeguess 表示缺乏任何依据和资料而凭主观想象的武断。
Now the other students open their eyes, and guess who has eraser.现在其他学生睁开眼睛，猜橡皮擦在谁手中。
imagine指设想与众所周知的事实相反的东西，尤其错误的猜想，也可表示猜想的东西没有确定性，只是脑海中的一种印象。
I can’t imagine such a life.我不能想象这种生活。
suppose着重用在以试探的方法提出建议或意见，使之被人接受，含有虽不确切，但乍见似是正确的想法，近似于think但比think缺少根据。
Unit 4 EarthquakesⅠ. 多维记忆重点单词※核心单词速记1. earthquake n. 地震2. burst vi. (burst, burst)爆裂; 爆发n. 突然破裂; 爆发3. event n. 事件; 大事4. ruin n. 废墟; 毁灭vt. 毁灭; 使破产5. destroy vt. 破坏; 毁坏; 消灭6. shock vt. &vi. (使)震惊; 震动n. 休克; 打击; 震惊7. rescue n. &vt. 援救; 营救8. trap vt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱; 困境9. electricity n. 电; 电流; 电学10. disaster n. 灾难; 灾祸11. bury vt. 埋葬; 掩埋; 隐藏12. shelter n. 掩蔽; 掩蔽处; 避身处13. damage n. &vt. 损失; 损害14. sincerely adv. 真诚地; 真挚地※联想单词串记15. nation n. 民族; 国家; 国民→national adj国家的; 民族的; 全国性的16. dirt n. 污垢; 泥土→dirty adj. 脏的; 肮脏的17. suffer vt. &vi. 遭受; 忍受→sufferer n. 患者; 受难者→suffering n. 苦难; 痛苦18. extreme adj. 极度的→extremely adv. 非常; 极其; 极端地19. injure vt. 损害; 伤害→injury n. 伤害; 损害→injured adj. 受伤的; 受损害的20. survive vt. &vi. 幸存; 幸免于→survival n. 幸存; 幸存者; 幸存物→survivor n. 幸存者; 生还者; 残存物21. frighten vt. 使惊吓; 吓唬→frightened adj. 受惊的; 受恐吓的→frightening adj. 令人恐惧的22. congratulate v. 祝贺→congratulation n. 祝贺; (复数)贺词23. judge n. 裁判员; 法官vt. 断定; 判断; 判决→judgment n. 判断; 裁判; 判决书24. express vt. 表示; 表达n. 快车; 速递→expression n. 表达; 表情; 措辞用所给词的适当形式填空1. On arriving there, we expressed our congratulations(congratulate) to him on his success.2. His house was destroyed(destroy) in the earthquake last year and he had to build a new one.3. I sent a big bunch of flowers to the nurse as an expression(express) of thanks for her taking good care of my grandpa in the nursing home.4. Trapped(trap)in the ruins, the girl still wore a smile, waiting to be rescued.5. He went through a lot of sufferings(suffer) before new China was founded.6. Continued trade in these products is a threat to the survival(survive) of the species.7. The little girl was frightened(frighten) of walking home alone in the dark.8. The attack caused serious injuries(injure) to his arms and legs.9. In India there is a national(nation) festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi.Ⅱ. 语境记忆重点短语1. right away立刻; 马上2. think little of轻视; 认为……没价值3. as if仿佛; 好像4. at an end结束; 终结5. in ruins严重受损; 破败不堪6. instead of代替; 而不是7. dig out掘出; 发现8. a (great) number of许多; 大量的9. give out发出10. in the open air在户外11. be buried in沉思; 专心于; 被埋在……12. judging by/from根据/由……作出判断用以上短语的适当形式填空1. The strong earthquake left the city in ruins merely in several seconds.2. When I came in, he was buried in playing puter games in his study.3. It is reported that a number of people were injured in that accident and the number of people who died has reached 130.4. My holiday is at an end and I must go back to work tomorrow.5. The guy is always making phone calls to her, but she thinks little of him.6. It sounds as if you had a good time.7. Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.8. The washing machine wastes a lot of water. We should have it fixed right away.Ⅲ. 应用记忆经典句式1. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide(找地方躲藏). (现在分词短语作伴随状语)2. It seemed as if the world was at an end(仿佛到了世界末日)! (as if引导的表语从句)3. Everywhere they looked(他们无论朝哪里看) nearly everything was destroyed. (everywhere引导的状语从句)4. All hope was not lost. (不是所有的希望都破灭了。
课本单元讲解：必修一Unit4EarthquakesⅠ. 常考单词必背1. burst vi. (burst，burst) 爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发She burst into tears on hearing the sad news.一听到这一不幸消息，她突然哭了起来。
Upon his appearance，there was a burst of applause.他一出现就爆发了一阵掌声。
[快速闪记](1)burst in打断；闯入；突然出现burst into...突然开始；闯入……burst into laughter/tears ＝burst out laughing/crying突然大笑/哭起来(2)a burst of一阵……2. injure vt. 损害；伤害Most of the injured were women and children.大多数伤员都是妇女和儿童。
[快速闪记](1)injured adj.受伤的the injured伤员(2)injury n．伤；伤口；伤害3. shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息我感到很震惊。
The news of my promotion came as a shock.我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。
[快速闪记](1)be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊be shocked to do...因做……而震惊(2)a shock一件令人震惊的事 (抽象名词具体化用法)(3)shocked adj.感到震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的4. rescue n．& vt.援救；营救All the people nearby came to her rescue when hearing her cry for help.周围的人们听到她的呼救声都来营救她。
Book One Unit 4 Earthquakes1. right away毫不迟疑，立刻right now/at once/ in no timeHe is ill; you should call in the doctor right away.2. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。
从句表示“(在某人)看来好像；似乎”①It seems/looks/appears as if/though…看起来好像…②Sb./Sth. looks as if/though…(不用seem/appear)③There seems/appears(to be)…(不用look)There appears/seems to have been a mistake.=It appears/seems that there has been a mistake.3. All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。
该句为部分否定。
all, both, everyone, everybody, everything 以及every+名词都表示全部肯定；但当not 在它们之前或之后都表示部分否定。
no one, none nobody, nothing, not…any, 以及no+名词都表示全部否定。
如：①Both of them haven’t read this story.并非他们二人都看过这个故事。
②All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this problem.③All bamboo doesn’t grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall.4. at an end ＝finished结束，终止(常作表语)(1) Be patient, his speech will be at an end soon.(2) The war was finally at an end.at the end of 在……尽头(末) by the end of 到……末为止(与过去完成时连用) in the end 最后，终于come to an end结束(用作谓语)bring…to an end使……终止put an end to 使……终止用at the end of, by the end of 和in the end填空(1)How many English words have you learned ______________last term?(2)He became an outstanding doctor __________.(3)My uncle will fly to China ___________ this year.5. burnst into tears=burst out crying 大哭burst into laughter=burst out laughing 大笑6.as if\as though 仿佛；好像He looks as if he has known the secret.The man speaks English as if he were an American.7. congratulate sb. on sth 祝贺某人某事congratulations on sth.8. be proud of 以……为自豪。
Unit 4 Earthquakes【重点词汇】1 ruinn．毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；(不可数名词)废墟；遗迹(常用复数vt．&vi．(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产①The castle has fallen into rain．那城堡已破败不堪。
②An earthquake left the whole town in ruins．那次地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。
‘③It poured with rain and my dress got/was mined．大雨倾盆，我的连衣裙已淋得不成样子了。
归纳拓展fall into ruin崩塌come/go to ruin毁灭，崩溃lie in ruins成为废墟the ruins of Yuanmingyuan圆明园遗迹bring sb.to ruin使某人破产ruin one’s hopes使某人希望破灭ruin oneself自取灭亡ruin one’s health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉辨析活用damage/destroy/ruin/spoil这四个词都有“损坏，破坏”之意，具体区别如下：(1)ruin指彻底摧毁一件事物，特别是摧毁美好、珍贵的事物，并使其无法修复，其主语多为天灾人祸等无形的力量。
有时可用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”。
He has ruined his health through drinking.他饮酒过度，把身体搞坏了。
(2)damage指“损坏”，表示不彻底的破坏，一般是部分性的，只是使其不能发挥正常作用，意味损坏后价值或效率降低，宾语一般是物。
I damaged my shoes in football practice today.今天练习踢足球时我把鞋弄坏了。
(3)destroy指十分彻底的“破坏”，常含有不能或很难修复的意思，也可以用作比喻意义，指希望、梦想等的破灭；主语可以是人，也可以是物；后接人或物都可以。
高中英语必修一Unit4课本词组50个总结归纳(1)get the chance to do sth.(2)the best way of dong sth.做某事的最佳方式(3)Persuade to to sth. 说服做某事(4)right away立刻马上(5)as if.好像，似乎，仿佛.(6)In ruins 严重受损.(7)come out of.从...出来(8)begin to do sth. 开始做某事(9)it seems as if. 看样子似乎是(10)blow up. 使充气，爆炸(11)offer guidence to sb. on sth.给某人提供指导(12)be grateful to sb. for sth.对·感激(13)be hopeful about. 对充满希望.(14)be put into a position.处于、处境(15)Choose to do sth. 选择做某事(16)decide to do sth. 决定做某事(17)Search for寻找(18)belong to 属于(19)Think highly of 看重(20)could never hare done. 过去不可能做(21)be designated for.为····所设计(22)serve as 充当.(23)have sth done.让某事要做.(24)Remove from. 搬动.(25)There is no doubt that.豪无疑问.(26)find out. 有意发现，而discover.→原本存在(27)replaced sb=take sb place=take the place of sb. 代替某人(28)leave for. 动身前往(29)be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事。
人教新课标版高一必修1重点提炼：Unit 4 Earthquakes短语突破二、重点短语突破：1. right away 立刻，马上1).I’ll return the book to you right away. 我会马上还书给你。
2). If war breaks out, we shall be called up right away. 如果战争爆发，我们将立即被征召服役。
【知识拓展】“立刻，马上”的表达方式：right away，right now，at once，immediately， in no time【学以致用】中译英1). 请立刻把它打印出来。
__________________________________________________________________________ _____2）老师告诉学生马上写作文。
__________________________________________________________________________ _____3）他病了, 你应该立即请大夫来。
__________________________________________________________________________ _____4）暴风雨很快就会平息。
__________________________________________________________________________ _____答案: 1). I want it typed right away, please.2）The teacher told the students to do the composition right away．3）He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away.4）The storm will blow over right away.2.think little of不在意，轻视1）He thought little of my suggestion.他不重视我的建议。
1. 学习单词，留意重点单词的用法并敏捷运用这些单词。
2. 把握单词的根本用法，辨析各种“损害〞injure/ hurt/ harm/ wound。
重点：burst, injure, shock, rescue, frighten难点：injure的近义词辨析。
【单词学习】1. burst vi. 爆裂，爆发；n. 突然裂开，爆发★★★★burst into突然闯入，突然……起来，后接名词burst into tears/laughter突然哭/笑起来burst into a room〔闯〕进房间burst out突然开头，后接v.ing形式；〔战斗、疾病等〕突然发生〔＝break out〕burst out crying/laughing突然哭/笑起来burst in突然插嘴，打断谈话；突然来到The dam burst under the weight of water. 大坝在水的巨大压力下溃决了。
There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间突然爆发出一阵笑声。
〔1〕He suddenly _______________________〔哭了起来〕.〔2〕The audience _______________________________〔爆发了一阵欢呼声〕.〔3〕The war___________________________〔爆发〕.答案：〔1〕burst into tears/burst out crying〔2〕burst into cheers/burst out cheering〔3〕burst out/broke out2. injure vt. 损害，损害★★★★injure sb. 损害某人injure sb.’s leg/ arm/ eye 损害某人的腿/ 胳膊/ 眼睛be/ get seriously/ slightly injured in受重/ 轻伤injure sb’s reputation/ figure/ feeling etc. 损害某人的名誉/ 形象/ 损害感情等The boy injured his shoulder while playing football.在踢足球时，男孩弄伤了自己的肩膀。
必修一 unit 4 earthquakes要点梳理高效梳理•知识备考●重点单词1．burst vi.爆裂；爆发n．突然破裂，爆发2．event n．事件；大事3．nation n．民族；国家；国民→national adj.国家的，民族的→nationality n．国籍4．ruin n．废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产5．suffering n．苦难；痛苦→suffer v．受苦，遭受6．extreme adj.极度的→extremely adv.7．injure vt.损害；伤害→injured adj.受伤的→injury n．伤害，损害8．destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭9．useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的→useful(反义词)→use v. & n．使用，利用10．shock vt. & vi.(使)震惊；震动n．休克；打击；震惊11．rescue n. & vt.援救；营救12．trap vt.使陷入困境n．陷阱；困境13．electricity n．电；电流；电学→electric adj.用电的；带电的；发电的→electrical adj.与电有关的；电学的14．disaster n．灾难；灾祸15．bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏16．shelter n．掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处17．damage n. & vt.损失；损害18．frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬→frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的19．judge n．裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决→judgement n．判断，判决20．express vt.表示；表达n.快车；速递→expression n．表达→expressive adj.有表现力的●重点短语1．right away立刻2．at an end 结束3．in ruins 成为废墟4．dig out 掘出；发现5．a(great) number of 许多；大量的6．give out 分发；发出(气味、热等)7．thousands of 成千上万8．think little of 不重视；不假思索9．blow away 吹走；刮走10．be proud of 以……而自豪11．instead of 代替12．be trapped in 陷入……之中13．be known for/as 因为/作为……出名14．bring in 引进；引来●重点句型1．In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 在农家院子里，鸡和猪都烦躁不安，以致不吃食。
1. 学习短语的根本含义和用法。
2. 敏捷运用所学的短语，学会用短语造句。
1. 重点：短语at an end, give out, in ruins, think little of的用法。
2. 难点：end有关的短语和give有关的短语。
【短语学习】1. at an end结束；终结★★★at an end 结束〔表示状态，事实〕，常作表语。
All that you know, is at an end!你所知道的这一切，终将结束!Our hunt for a cheaper but larger house is at an end.我们想查找一幢廉价但要大些的房子的事最终有了结果。
at the end of在……终点〔末尾〕〔指时间或空间〕by the end of到……末为止〔多与完成时连用〕in the end最终，最终〔作状语〕on end连续to the end究竟without end没完没了的e to an end 结束〔用作谓语〕make ends meet 收支相抵end作动词，也有很多固定短语，end up with以……告终end up doing sth. 结束做某事end up in 结果end in 以……告终〔1〕The party last night was ______ success. We sang and danced until it came to ______ end at twelve.A. a; anB. a; theC. the; aD. /; an〔2〕—Do you have to take ________ risk that you might lose all of your opportunity?—Yes. Unless you put ________ end to the petition between us.A. a; anB. the; anC. a; /D. the; /答案：〔1〕A 〔2〕A思路分析：〔1〕success此处为“胜利的事〞，是可数名词，所以用冠词a; 其次空考查短语e to an end 结束。
