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新Book 1 Unit41. a (great/ large) number of 许多的，大量的辨析：a number of 修饰复数名词做主语，谓语用；意为the number of 后接复数名词做主语，谓语用，意为A number of people present at the meeting and the number 200.The number of the foreign students attending Chinese universities rising steadily since 1920.A. isB. areC. has beenD. have been拓展：只修饰复数名词的短语：many=a great many =quite a few=a great number of只修饰不可数名词的短语：a great deal of=a large amount of=large amounts of修饰复数名词或不可数名词的短语：a lot of=lots of=plenty of =a large quantity of=large quantities of 2.frightening adj. 令人害怕的，可怕的frighten vt 使…惊恐；吓唬frightened 受惊吓的，受恐吓的拓展：frighten sb into doing sth 吓唬某人做某事He felt the thought that he might be drown.他一想到会溺水就感到害怕。
All the stone figures in the temple look .庙里所有的石像看上去令人恐惧3.as if =as though 仿佛，好像①用在动词look, seem, feel 之后引导表语从句；用在其他动词之后引导状语从句。
It seems our team .看来我们队要赢了。
Unit 4课文重点单词、短语及重点句式Part I 课文重点单词1. rescue n. & vt. 营救；救援【教材原句】What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? 在受灾地区，救援人员和士兵在做什么？【高考例句】①〔2021北京〕Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.现在，电击训练和医疗正在帮助营救这些大鸟。
①〔2021全国1卷〕I work with volunteers for wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. 我和野生动物志愿者一起工作，这是一个位于蝗虫谷贝利植物园的救援和教育组织。
【常用搭配】rescue sb./ sth. from…从……中营救某人/某物come to sb’s rescue 营救某人【练一练】1.Firefighters _______________ from a burning building.消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了一个孩子。
2. damage vt. 损害；破坏n. 损坏；损失【教材原句】Which buildings were damaged in Seoul？首尔哪些建筑物受损？【高考例句】〔2021北京〕But if the damage is caused by the user, you will have to pay for the repair. 但是，如果损坏是由用户造成的，那您必修支付维修费用。
【常用搭配】do damage to sb/sth对……造成损害【练一练】1._____________________________________________________. 吸烟严重损害健康。
Unit 4 Natural disasters1. disaster 灾难；灾害词根法：dis（前缀，表否定）aster（star的希腊语）➡️星位不正，指灾难2. tornado （复数-oes or -os）龙卷风；旋风拼背法：t 逃or或者na哪do做龙卷风来了，逃或者哪里做个庇护！3. drought 旱灾；久旱词根法：dr（干的dry的缩写）➕后缀ought4. landslide （山地或悬崖的）崩塌；滑坡slide（使）滑行；滑动拼背法：sli胜利de的山体滑坡，死里逃生，胜利的！5. tsunami 海啸拼背法：tsu特殊nami娜米特殊的娜米，可以操控海啸。
6. flood 洪水；大量；淹没；大量涌入；使灌满水；淹没拼背法：f飞l（形）油条（形）oo鸡蛋d的洪水来了，一根油条两个鸡蛋飞了！相似单词：mood 心情food 食物good 好的7. volcanic eruption 火山喷发词根法：volcano火山—volcanic火山的拼背法：vol音量（前缀）➕can能o哦音量能哦的是火山！词根法：erupt爆发—eruption 爆（喷）发8. magnitude （地）震级；重大拼背法：mag马哥ni你吐得马哥你吐得像地震！9. rescue 营救；救援拼背法：re热s死cu醋e鹅热死吃醋的鹅是一种救援。
10. damage 损害；破坏；损坏；损失词根法：dama（征服）➕(a)ge（表行为结果）➡️征服意味着对另一方的破坏词根法2:dam（damn该死的，诋毁的缩写）➕age（名词词根，但语境不同也可表示动词）➡️诋毁会损害他人，但不会完全摧毁拓：与破坏：destroy、ruin的区别destroy：完全摧毁，已没有了当初的模样ruin：也是完全摧毁，但更多表示成为废墟，废墟11. destroy 摧毁；毁灭词根法：de（表相反、否定）➕story（建造的意思）12. evacuate 疏散；撤出；撤离词根法：e（词根ex的简写，向外）➕vac（ ️eg.vacation：空出来的日子）➕u引导的形容词后缀“ate”➡️表撤出使变空，即疏散13. helicopter 直升机拼背法：heli（类highly高高地）➕copter（“靠扑腾”，似螺旋桨发出的声音）词根法：helic（螺旋）➕opt（选择）➕er（表机器）➡️选择螺旋上升的机器，即 ️14. death 死；死亡die动词：he died last week。
Unit 4 Earthquakes【重点词汇】1 ruinn．毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；(不可数名词)废墟；遗迹(常用复数vt．&vi．(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产①The castle has fallen into rain．那城堡已破败不堪。
②An earthquake left the whole town in ruins．那次地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。
…③It poured with rain and my dress got/was mined．大雨倾盆，我的连衣裙已淋得不成样子了。
归纳拓展fall into ruin崩塌come/go to ruin毁灭，崩溃lie in ruins成为废墟the ruins of Yuanmingyuan圆明园遗迹bring sb.to ruin使某人破产ruin one‟s hopes使某人希望破灭ruin oneself自取灭亡ruin one‟s health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉辨析活用damage/destroy/ruin/spoil这四个词都有“损坏，破坏”之意，具体区别如下：(1)ruin指彻底摧毁一件事物，特别是摧毁美好、珍贵的事物，并使其无法修复，其主语多为天灾人祸等无形的力量。
有时可用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”。
He has ruined his health through drinking.他饮酒过度，把身体搞坏了。
(2)damage指“损坏”，表示不彻底的破坏，一般是部分性的，只是使其不能发挥正常作用，意味损坏后价值或效率降低，宾语一般是物。
I damaged my shoes in football practice today.今天练习踢足球时我把鞋弄坏了。
(3)destroy指十分彻底的“破坏”，常含有不能或很难修复的意思，也可以用作比喻意义，指希望、梦想等的破灭；主语可以是人，也可以是物；后接人或物都可以。
Book1 Unit 4（英译中）Book1 Unit 4（中译英）disaster n.灾难；灾害tornado 龙卷风；旋风drought n.旱灾；久旱landslide n. ( landfall) 崩塌,滑坡slide vi. & vt. (使)滑行；滑动tsunami n. 海啸flood n.洪vi. vt.淹没,大量涌入volcanic eruption 火山喷发magnitude n. (地)震级；重大rescue n.& vt.营救；救援damage vt.损害,破坏n.损坏,损失destroy vt. 摧毁,毁灭evacuate vt.疏散,撤出vi.撤离helicopter n. 直升机death n. 死；死亡affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动shelter n.避难处vt.保护,掩蔽vi.躲避crack n.裂纹；裂缝vi,vt. (使)破裂as if 好像；仿佛ruin n.&vt. 破坏；毁坏in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪percent n. 百分之…adj.&adv.每一百种brick n. 砖；砖块metal n.金属shock n.震惊,令人震惊的事,休克vt.(使)震惊in shock 震惊；吃惊electricity n.电；电能trap vt.使落入险境,使陷入圈套n. 险境陷阱bury vt. 埋葬；安葬breathe vi.& vt.呼吸revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒revival n.振兴；复苏effort n.努力；unify vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体wisdom n.智慧；才智context n.上下文；语境；背景suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.受苦volcano n. 火山erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出supply n.供应,补给vt. 供应；供给typhoon n.台风in the open air 露天；在户外hurricane n . (尤指大西洋的)飓风survive vi.生存,存活vt.幸存,艰难度过power n.电力供应；力量；控制力tap vi.& vt. n.轻敲；轻拍n.水龙头；pipe n.管子；管道whistle vi. vt.吹口哨n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况calm adj.镇静的vt.使平静；使镇静aid vi.& vt. n.援助；帮助；kit n.成套工具；成套设备first aid kit 急救箱on hand 现有(尤指帮助)crash vt.& vi.撞击n.撞车；碰撞sweep vt. & vi.打扫；清扫sweep away 消灭；彻底消除wave n.海浪；波浪vi.& vt.挥手；招手strike vi.& vt.侵袭,击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击deliver vt. & vi.递送；传达vt.发表summary n.总结；概括；概要effect n.影响；结果；效果length n.长；长度Unit 4 natural disasters 单词原版带音标disaster / dɪˈzɑ:stə(r) / n.灾难；灾害tornado /tɔ:ˈneɪdəʊ / n.(pl. -oes or -os) 龙卷风；旋风drought / draʊt / n.旱灾；久旱landslide / ˈlændslaɪd / n. ( landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡slide / slaɪd / vi. & vt. (使)滑行；滑动tsunami / tsu:ˈnɑ:mi / n. 海啸flood /flʌd / n. 洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没volcanic eruption / vɔlˈkænɪk ɪˈrʌpʃn / 火山喷发magnitude /ˈmægnɪtju:d / n. (地)震级；重大rescue /ˈreskju:/ n.& vt.营救；救援damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ / vt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失destroy /dɪ'strɔɪ/ vt. 摧毁；毁灭evacuate /ɪˈvækjueɪt / vt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离helicopter /ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)/ n. 直升机death/ deθ/ n. 死；死亡affect /ə'fekt/ vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动shelter /'ʃeltə(r)/ n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi. 躲避(风、雨或危险)crack /kræk/ n.裂纹；裂缝vi. & vt. (使)破裂as if 似乎；好像；仿佛ruin /'ru:ɪn/ n.&vt. 破坏；毁坏in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪percent / pəˈsent / n. 百分之……adj.&adv.每一百种brick /brɪk/ n. 砖；砖块metal /'metl/ n.金属shock /ʃɒk/ n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊in shock 震惊；吃惊electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n.电；电能trap /træp/ vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n. 险境；陷阱bury /ˈberi/ vt. 埋葬；安葬breathe / bri:ð/ vi.& vt.呼吸revive /rɪˈvaɪv/ vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒revival /rɪˈvaɪvl/ n.振兴；复苏effort /'efət/ n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力unify /ˈju:nɪfaɪ / vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/ n.智慧；才智context /ˈkɒntekst/ n.上下文；语境；背景suffer /ˈsʌfə/ vt.遭受；蒙受vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦volcano /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ n. (pl. -oes or -os)火山erupt /ɪˈrʌpt/ vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出supply /səˈplaɪ/ n.供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品vt. 供应；供给typhoon /taɪˈfu:n/ n.台风in the open air 露天；在户外hurricane /ˈhʌrɪkən/ n . (尤指大西洋的)飓风survive /səˈvaɪv/ vi.生存；存活vt. 幸存；艰难度过power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n.电力供应；力量；控制力tap /tæp/ vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲pipe /paɪp/ n.管子；管道whistle /ˈwɪsl/ vi.吹口哨；发出笛声vt. 吹口哨n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声emergency /iˈmɜ:dʒənsi/ n.突发事件；紧急情况calm /kɑ:m/ adj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静aid /eɪd/ n.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.& vt. (formal) 帮助；援助kit /kɪt/ n.成套工具；成套设备first aid kit 急救箱on hand现有(尤指帮助)crash /kræʃ/ vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击n.撞车；碰撞sweep /swi:p/ vt. & vi. ( swept, swept) 打扫；清扫sweep away消灭；彻底消除wave /weɪv/ n.海浪；波浪vi.& vt.挥手；招手strike /straɪk/ vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打n. 罢工；罢课；袭击deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ vt. & vi.递送；传达vt.发表summary /ˈsʌməri/ n.总结；概括；概要effect /ɪˈfekt/ n.影响；结果；效果length /leŋθ/ n.长；长度。
英语必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇句子解析Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇讲解是整理的，旨在提供综合运用所需材料，希望能够帮到你!重视衔接,做好过渡高一新学期伊始!Unit 4 EarthquakesWord usage1. shake 1)v. (shook, shaken)to (cause to) move up and down or from side to side with quick short movements. 2) n. [C usually sing.] an act of shakingThe house shook when the earthquake started.Shake the bottle before taking the medicine.He came forward and shook me by the hand. =He came forward and shook hands with me.He was shaking with anger.She answered “no” with a shake of the head.2. rise 1) vi. (rose, risen) to move from a lower to a higher level or position; go up 2) n. [C (in)] an increase in quantity, price, demand etc.The sun has not yet risen.The population of the city has risen to five million.He rose and left the room.There will be a rise in unemployment next year.Theres been a sharp rise in the cost of living.2. pond n. an area of still water smaller than a lake, especially one that has been artificially madeSome cattle were drinking at the pond.There are some fish living in the pond.When an earthquake is coming, fish will jump out of ponds.3. burst 1) v. to (cause to ) break open or break apart suddenly and violently, usually as a result of pressure from within and often cause the contents to become widely scattered.2) n. an act of result of bursting; (of) a sudden short period of great activity, loud noise, strong feeling; outbreakThe balloon burst.After ten days of rain the river burst its banks.A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song.4. canal n. an artificial stretch of water dug in the ground to allow ships or boats to travel alongit, or to bring water to or remove water from an areaCoal used to be sent here by canal.Canals have been built to irrigate the desert.The Panama Canal joins two oceans.5. steam n. [U] 1) water in the state gas produced by boiling2) power or effort produced by steam under pressure, and used for making things work or moveWho invented the steam engine?Steam was used to be the power of a train.There is steam bursting from that hole.6. ruin 1. n. a) [U] the cause or state of destruction and decayb) [C] a building that has been badly damaged or destroyed2. vt. a) to spoil or completely destroy a person or thingb) to cause someone to loss all their moneyThe temple has fallen into ruin.We visited the ruins of the temple.The heavy rain ruined our holiday.The hurricane ruined all the houses here.The flood ruined the crops.If I lose my lawsuit(官司), the cost will ruin me.7. injure vt. to cause physical harm to (a person or animal), especially in an accident; hurt seriously; to damageI hope I didnt injure her feelings.His back was injured.Two people were killed and seven were injured.His reputation will be badly injured by the vicious rumour.8. destroy vt. to damage sth so severely that it can not be repaired; put an end to the existence of; ruinA fire destroyed the house.What he said destroyed our last hope.All hopes of peaceful settlement were destroyed by his speech.9. brick n. [C,U] 1) a hard piece of baked clay used for building2) sth. in the shape of a brickThey used yellow bricks to build the house.The tower is made of bricks.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.10. useless adj. not of any useThis knife is so blunt. Its useless.I realized it was useless to reason with him.I was useless at maths. = My maths is very poor.11. shock 1) n. a) [C, U] a violent force from sth such as explosion,a crash or a hard blowb) [C, U] the feeling you get after sth unexpected and usually very unpleasant has suddenly happened, or you have received an unexpected piece of newsc) the poor medical condition of someone who has an accident and whose heart and lungs are not working properly2) v. to make someone feel very upset, angry, or unpleasantEarthquake shocks are often felt in Japan.The news of his death was a shock to us.The traffic accident sent him into a state of shock.They were shocked by her rudeness.We were shocked by his sudden death.12. rescue v. to save someone or sth from harm or dangerHe rescued three children from the burning building.The life boat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship.The boy was rescued after hours at sea.13. disaster n. [C,U] a sudden event causes great loss or harmWe were all shocked by the disaster.The earthquake is one of the worst natural disasters the country has ever suffered. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.14. organize v. to plan and arrange an event; to arrange things ina sensible orderWell organize an oral English contest.The story is very well organized.They organized the truckers into a union.15. shelter 1) n. a) [U] protection, especially from bad weather or danger b) a building that protects you from weather or danger.2) vt. to protect someone or sth from bad weather or danger;vi. to stay in a place in order to be protected from bad weather or dangerThe umbrella is a poor shelter from heavy rain.Their immediate need is for food, clothing and shelter.The wall sheltered us from the wind.She was accused of sheltering a murderer.She wad sheltered by the USA.In the rain people were sheltering in the doorways of shops.16. fresh adj. 1) new and different (only before a noun ); 2) recently picked, caught, produced and therefore in good condition (used of food);3) clean, cool and pleasantThey buy fresh meat.This kind of fish lives in fresh water.She is fresh from university.She is quite fresh to office work.17. percent n. parts for each 100The bank has increased its interest rate by one percent.Over ninety percent of the islanders here are illiterate.He spends a large percent of his income on food and drink.18. speech n. 1) [C] a formal talk to a group of listeners2) [U] the ability to speak or the act of speaking3) [U] way of speakingThe chairman made an opening speech.She is researching speech development in children.We express our thoughts by speech.By your speech I can tell youre from Hong Kong.19. judge 1) vi. vt. to decide who or what is the winner in a competition2) [vt. + that] to form or give an opinion about someone or sth after careful thoughtjudging from, judging by…3) n. a public official who has the power to decide questions brought before a court of law; a person who has the knowledge and experience to give an opinion about the value of sthYou cant judge a book by its cover.He is going to judge the first race.We must judge whether he is guilty.The prisoner was taken before the judge.He was one of the judges at the horse race.20. honour 1) n. a) [U] great respect and admirationb) [sing] sth that brings great respect and pride2) v. to show respect to sb. or to praise sb. publiclyWe fight for the honor of our country.He is an honor to our school.Children should be taught to show honor to their elders.He honors his teachers.20. prepare 1) vt. to make sth. ready for a future event or action 2) vi. to get ready to do sth.They prepared themselves for the worst.When we arrived home, mother had already prepared dinner for us.I was preparing for bed when I heard a knock at the door.Useful expressions1. right awayat once ; in no time; immediatelyI will return the book right away.I am getting in touch with him right away.We are about to start right away.2. end1) at an endfinish; overIt seems that the world was at en end.2) bring… to an end =put an end to…I wonder how I can bring the dispute to an end.=I wonder how I can put an end to the dispute.3) come to an endThe meeting came to an end at midnight.4) at the end of…At the end of the road there is a shop.5) by the end of…How many English words have you learned by the end of last term?6) in the end =at last; finallyHe will be a scientist in the end.3. dig out1) to get sth out of a place, using a spade or your hands2) to find sth you have not seen for a long time, or that is not easy to findLets dig out the roots.Why did you dig out all those old magazines?We must dig the truth out of him.1. a (good \ great \ large) number of+ n.(pl.)many; a large quantity of; a lot ofA good number of students are not interested in modern art.Ive seen the film a number of times.The Great Wall attracts a great number of foreign tourists every day.the number of…The number of private colleges has increased.= Private colleges have increased in number.5.give out1) to give sth to a number of different people, especially to give information to people2) to produce light, heat, a sound, a gas, smell etcYou have no right to give my telephone number out.Students were giving out leaflets(传单)to everyone on the street.The teacher gave out the examination papers.The radiator (散热器) is giving out a lot of heat.与give有关的常用短语还有：give away 送掉，捐赠give in 让步，屈服give off 发出(气味、光、热、声音等)，此时相当于give outgive up放弃give back 归还6.thousands of基数词+s，并不表示确切的具体数字，可以单独使用，也可以先接介词of 再接复数名词。
