高中英语必修一unit4单词

M1U4单词（全）（1200份）n. 地震n. 地震n. 井n. 管、导管n. 突然破裂；爆发爆裂；爆发百万事件；大事仿佛；好像结束；终结民族；国家；国民运河；水道蒸汽；水汽污垢；泥土废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产严重受损；破败不堪苦难；痛苦极度的损害；伤害破坏；毁坏；消灭砖；砖块水坝；堰堤轨道；足迹；痕迹无用的；无效的；无益的（使）震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊援救；营救使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境电；电流；电学灾难；灾祸埋葬；掩埋；隐藏矿；矿山；矿井矿工掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处标题；头衔；资格记者条；棒；条状物损失；损害使惊吓；吓唬受惊的；受恐吓的令人恐惧的祝贺；（复数）贺词vt. 断定；判断；判决裁判员；法官真诚地；真挚地n. 快车；速递表示；表达要点；大纲；轮廓报刊的大字标题骑自行车的人△crack n.△smelly n.△farmyard n.△survivor n.立刻；马上严重受损；破败不堪掘出；发现许多；大量[ˈə:θkweik][kræk][bə:st][ˈmiljən][ˈneiʃən][kəˈnæl][sti:m][ˈruin][ˈsʌfərɪŋ, ˈsʌfrɪŋ][iksˈtri:m][ˈindʒə][disˈtrɔi][træk][ˈju:slis][ʃɔk][ˈreskju:][træp][ilekˈtrisiti][diˈzɑ:stə][ˈberi][ˈʃeltə][ˈtaitl][riˈpɔ:tə][ˈdæmidʒ][ˈfraitən][kənˌɡrætjuˈleiʃən][dʒʌdʒ][sɪnˈsɪəlɪ][iksˈpres][ˈautlain][ˈsaɪklɪst]M1U4 Reading部分（600份）n. 地震n. 地震n. 井n. 管、导管n. 突然破裂；爆发爆裂；爆发百万事件；大事仿佛；好像结束；终结民族；国家；国民运河；水道蒸汽；水汽污垢；泥土废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产严重受损；破败不堪苦难；痛苦极度的损害；伤害破坏；毁坏；消灭砖；砖块水坝；堰堤轨道；足迹；痕迹无用的；无效的；无益的（使）震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊援救；营救使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境电；电流；电学灾难；灾祸埋葬；掩埋；隐藏矿；矿山；矿井矿工掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处立刻；马上掘出；发现许多；大量△crack n.△smelly n.△farmyard n.△survivor n.[ˈə:θkweik][kræk][bə:st][ˈmiljən][ˈneiʃən][kəˈnæl][sti:m][ˈruin][ˈsʌfərɪŋ, ˈsʌfrɪŋ][iksˈtri:m][ˈindʒə][disˈtrɔi][træk][ˈju:slis][ʃɔk][ˈreskju:][træp][ilekˈtrisiti][diˈzɑ:stə][ˈberi]M1U4 Reading部分（600份）n. 地震n. 地震n. 井n. 管、导管n. 突然破裂；爆发爆裂；爆发百万事件；大事仿佛；好像结束；终结民族；国家；国民运河；水道蒸汽；水汽污垢；泥土废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产严重受损；破败不堪苦难；痛苦极度的损害；伤害破坏；毁坏；消灭砖；砖块水坝；堰堤轨道；足迹；痕迹无用的；无效的；无益的（使）震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊援救；营救使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境电；电流；电学灾难；灾祸埋葬；掩埋；隐藏矿；矿山；矿井矿工掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处立刻；马上严重受损；破败不堪掘出；发现许多；大量△crack n.△smelly n.△farmyard n.△survivor n.[ˈə:θkweik][kræk][bə:st][ˈmiljən][ˈneiʃən][kəˈnæl][sti:m][ˈruin][ˈsʌfərɪŋ, ˈsʌfrɪŋ][iksˈtri:m][ˈindʒə][disˈtrɔi][træk][ˈju:slis][ʃɔk][ˈreskju:][træp][ilekˈtrisiti][diˈzɑ:stə][ˈberi]M1U4 Using部分标题；头衔；资格记者条；棒；条状物损失；损害使惊吓；吓唬受惊的；受恐吓的令人恐惧的祝贺；（复数）贺词vt. 断定；判断；判决裁判员；法官真诚地；真挚地n. 快车；速递表示；表达要点；大纲；轮廓报刊的大字标题骑自行车的人[ˈtaitl][riˈpɔ:tə][ˈdæmidʒ][ˈfraitən][kənˌɡrætjuˈleiʃən][dʒʌdʒ][sɪnˈsɪəlɪ][iksˈpres][ˈautlain][ˈsaɪklɪst]M1U4 Using部分标题；头衔；资格记者条；棒；条状物损失；损害使惊吓；吓唬受惊的；受恐吓的令人恐惧的祝贺；（复数）贺词vt. 断定；判断；判决裁判员；法官真诚地；真挚地n. 快车；速递表示；表达要点；大纲；轮廓报刊的大字标题骑自行车的人[ˈtaitl][riˈpɔ:tə][ˈdæmidʒ][ˈfraitən][kənˌɡrætjuˈleiʃən][dʒʌdʒ][sɪnˈsɪəlɪ][iksˈp res][ˈautlain][ˈsaɪklɪst]M1U4 Using部分标题；头衔；资格记者条；棒；条状物损失；损害使惊吓；吓唬受惊的；受恐吓的令人恐惧的祝贺；（复数）贺词vt. 断定；判断；判决裁判员；法官真诚地；真挚地n. 快车；速递表示；表达要点；大纲；轮廓报刊的大字标题骑自行车的人[ˈtaitl][riˈpɔ:tə][ˈdæmidʒ][ˈfraitən][kənˌɡrætjuˈleiʃən][dʒʌdʒ][sɪnˈsɪəlɪ][iksˈpres][ˈautlain][ˈsaɪklɪst]M1U4 Using部分标题；头衔；资格记者条；棒；条状物损失；损害使惊吓；吓唬受惊的；受恐吓的令人恐惧的祝贺；（复数）贺词vt. 断定；判断；判决裁判员；法官真诚地；真挚地n. 快车；速递表示；表达要点；大纲；轮廓报刊的大字标题骑自行车的人[ˈtaitl][riˈpɔ:tə][ˈdæmidʒ][ˈfraitən][kənˌɡrætjuˈleiʃən][dʒʌdʒ][sɪnˈsɪəlɪ][iksˈpres][ˈautlain][ˈsaɪklɪst]。

Unit 4 Natural disasters1. disaster 灾难；灾害词根法：dis（前缀，表否定）aster（star的希腊语）➡️星位不正，指灾难2. tornado （复数-oes or -os）龙卷风；旋风拼背法：t 逃or或者na哪do做龙卷风来了，逃或者哪里做个庇护！3. drought 旱灾；久旱词根法：dr（干的dry的缩写）➕后缀ought4. landslide （山地或悬崖的）崩塌；滑坡slide（使）滑行；滑动拼背法：sli胜利de的山体滑坡，死里逃生，胜利的！5. tsunami 海啸拼背法：tsu特殊nami娜米特殊的娜米，可以操控海啸。

6. flood 洪水；大量；淹没；大量涌入；使灌满水；淹没拼背法：f飞l（形）油条（形）oo鸡蛋d的洪水来了，一根油条两个鸡蛋飞了！相似单词：mood 心情food 食物good 好的7. volcanic eruption 火山喷发词根法：volcano火山—volcanic火山的拼背法：vol音量（前缀）➕can能o哦音量能哦的是火山！词根法：erupt爆发—eruption 爆（喷）发8. magnitude （地）震级；重大拼背法：mag马哥ni你吐得马哥你吐得像地震！9. rescue 营救；救援拼背法：re热s死cu醋e鹅热死吃醋的鹅是一种救援。

10. damage 损害；破坏；损坏；损失词根法：dama（征服）➕(a)ge（表行为结果）➡️征服意味着对另一方的破坏词根法2:dam（damn该死的，诋毁的缩写）➕age（名词词根，但语境不同也可表示动词）➡️诋毁会损害他人，但不会完全摧毁拓：与破坏：destroy、ruin的区别destroy：完全摧毁，已没有了当初的模样ruin：也是完全摧毁，但更多表示成为废墟，废墟11. destroy 摧毁；毁灭词根法：de（表相反、否定）➕story（建造的意思）12. evacuate 疏散；撤出；撤离词根法：e（词根ex的简写，向外）➕vac（ ️eg.vacation：空出来的日子）➕u引导的形容词后缀“ate”➡️表撤出使变空，即疏散13. helicopter 直升机拼背法：heli（类highly高高地）➕copter（“靠扑腾”，似螺旋桨发出的声音）词根法：helic（螺旋）➕opt（选择）➕er（表机器）➡️选择螺旋上升的机器，即 ️14. death 死；死亡die动词：he died last week。

词汇表必修一Unit41. disaster/dɪˈzɑ:stə(r)/ n. 灾难；灾害2. tornado /tɔ:ˈneɪdəʊ /n. (pl. -oes or -os) 龙卷风；旋风3. drought/ draʊt / n. 旱灾；久旱4. landslide / ˈlændslaɪd /n.( landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡5. slide/ slaɪd / vi. & vt. (使)滑行；滑动6. tsunami / tsu:ˈnɑ:mi /n.海啸7. flood/flʌd /n.洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没8. volcanic eruption / vɔlˈkænɪk ɪˈrʌpʃn / 火山喷发9. magnitude /ˈmægnɪtju:d / n. (地)震级；重大10. rescue/ˈreskju:/ n.& vt.营救；救援11. damage/ˈdæmɪdʒ / vt. 损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失12. destroy/dɪ'strɔɪ/ vt.摧毁；毁灭13. evacuate /ɪˈvækjueɪt /vt. 疏散；撤出 vi.撤离14. helicopter /ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)/ n.直升机15. death / deθ/n. 死；死亡16. affect /ə'fekt/ vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动17. shelter/'ʃeltə(r)/ n. 避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避 (风、雨或危险)18. crack /kræk/ n. 裂纹；裂缝vi. & vt. (使)破裂19.as if 似乎；好像；仿佛20. ruin/'ru:ɪn/ n.&vt. 破坏；毁坏21.in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪22. percent/ pəˈsent / n.百分之……adj.&adv.每一百种23. brick/brɪk/n.砖；砖块24. metal/'metl/ n. 金属25. shock/ʃɒk/ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊26.in shock 震惊；吃惊27. electricity/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n. 电；电能28. trap/træp/vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱29. bury/ˈberi/ vt.埋葬；安葬30. breathe/ bri:ð/ vi.& vt.呼吸31. revive /rɪˈvaɪv/vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒32. revival /rɪˈvaɪvl/ n. 振兴；复苏33. effort/'efət/n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力34. unify /ˈju:nɪfaɪ / vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体35. wisdom/ˈwɪzdəm/n. 智慧；才智36. context/ˈkɒntekst/ n. 上下文；语境；背景37. suffer/ˈsʌfə/ vt. 遭受；蒙受vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦38. volcano/vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/n.(pl. -oes or -os)火山39. erupt/ɪˈrʌpt/ vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出40. supply/səˈplaɪ/ n. 供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品vt.供应；供给41. typhoon/taɪˈfu:n/n. 台风42.in the open air 露天；在户外43. hurricane/ˈhʌrɪkən/ n .(尤指大西洋的)飓风44. survive/səˈvaɪv/ vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过45. power/ˈpaʊə(r)/ n. 电力供应；力量；控制力46. tap /tæp/ vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲47. pipe/paɪp/n. 管子；管道48. whistle /ˈwɪsl/ vi. 吹口哨；发出笛声vt.吹口哨n.哨子(声)；呼啸声49. emergency/iˈmɜ:dʒənsi/n. 突发事件；紧急情况50. calm/kɑ:m/adj. 镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静51. aid /eɪd/ n. 援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt. (formal) 帮助；援助52. kit /kɪt/n. 成套工具；成套设备53.first aid kit 急救箱54.on hand 现有(尤指帮助)55. crash/kræʃ/ vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞56. sweep/swi:p/vt. & vi. ( swept, swept) 打扫；清扫57.sweep away 消灭；彻底消除58. wave/weɪv/ n. 海浪；波浪vi.& vt.挥手；招手59. strike/straɪk/ vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打n. 罢工；罢课；袭击60. deliver/dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ vt. & vi.递送；传达vt.发表61. summary/ˈsʌməri/ n. 总结；概括；概要62. effect/ɪˈfekt/ n. 影响；结果；效果63. length/leŋθ/n. 长；长度。

高中英语必修一unit4重点单词1. Accomplish (v.): To successfully complete a task or goal.Example sentence: She was able to accomplish her dream of becoming a doctor after years of hard work.2. Benefit (n.): An advantage gained from something.Example sentence: Regular exercise has many benefits, including improved physical and mental health.3. Challenge (n.): A difficult task or obstacle that requires effort to overcome.Example sentence: Climbing Mount Everest was a significant challenge for him, but he managed to succeed.4. Develop (v.): To grow or progress over time.Example sentence: It is important to develop good study habits in order to succeed academically.5. Encourage (v.): To inspire or motivate someone to do something.Example sentence: Her parents always encourage her to pursue her dreams and never give up.6. Essential (adj.): Necessary or crucial.Example sentence: Good nutrition is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.7. Improve (v.): To become better or make something better.Example sentence: Regular practice can help improve your skills in any activity, whether it be sports or playing a musical instrument.8. Injury (n.): Physical harm or damage caused by an accident or action. Example sentence: He suffered a severe injury while playing football and had to be taken to the hospital.9. Mental (adj.): Relating to the mind or brain.Example sentence: Yoga and meditation are practices that can improve mental well-being and reduce stress.10. Opportunity (n.): A chance or possibility to do something.Example sentence: Studying abroad provides students with great opportunities to learn about different cultures and gain new experiences.11. Participate (v.): To take part in an activity or event.Example sentence: It is important to encourage students to participate in extracurricular activities to develop various skills and interests.12. Physical (adj.): Relating to the body or physical activity.Example sentence: Regular exercise is important for maintaining good physical health.13. Reach (v.): To arrive at or achieve a particular point or level.Example sentence: After months of training, he was finally able to reach his goal of running a marathon.14. Strength (n.): The ability to exert force or power.Example sentence: Weightlifting can help build muscle strength and improve overall fitness.15. Technique (n.): A particular way of doing something, typically involving skill or expertise.Example sentence: Learning proper swimming techniques is essential for becoming a proficient swimmer.16. Willing (adj.): Ready or eager to do something.Example sentence: She was willing to try new things and explore different opportunities.17. Ability (n.): The power or skill to do something.Example sentence: Good time management is an important ability that can help students succeed in their studies.18. Determine (v.): To decide or settle conclusively.Example sentence: They conducted various experiments to determine the effects of different factors on plant growth.19. Focus (v.): To concentrate attention or effort on a particular task or subject.Example sentence: It is important to focus on your studies in order to achieve good academic results.20. Goal (n.): An aim or objective that someone wants to achieve.Example sentence: His goal is to become a professional basketball player and play in the NBA.21. Health (n.): The overall condition of the body and mind.Example sentence: Eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly are key factors in maintaining good health.22. Learn (v.): To gain knowledge or skill by studying, practicing, or experiencing something.Example sentence: Learning a new language can open up many opportunities for travel and cultural exchange.23. Motivate (v.): To provide someone with a reason or incentive to do something.Example sentence: A supportive coach can motivate athletes to push themselves and achieve their best performance.24. Nutrition (n.): The process of eating the right types and amounts of food to maintain good health.Example sentence: Proper nutrition is crucial for athletes to perform at their best and recover quickly from workouts.25. Perform (v.): To carry out an action, task, or role.Example sentence: The actor performed his role with great skill and received standing ovations from the audience.26. Potential (n.): The possibility or likelihood of achieving something in the future.Example sentence: She has the potential to become a great leader if she continues to work hard and develop her skills.27. Prevent (v.): To keep something from happening or stop it from occurring. Example sentence: Wearing a helmet while cycling can prevent serious head injuries in the event of an accident.28. Qualify (v.): To have the necessary skills, experience, or qualifications to do something.Example sentence: After completing his degree, he qualified as a registered nurse and started working in a hospital.29. Recover (v.): To return to a normal state of health, mind, or strength after an illness, injury, or difficult period.Example sentence: With proper rest and treatment, athletes can recover from injuries and return to their sport.30. Skill (n.): The ability to do something well, especially because one has learned and practiced it.Example sentence: Good communication skills are essential for building strong relationships and succeeding in the workplace.31. Support (v.): To hold up or bear the weight of something; to provide assistance or encouragement to someone.Example sentence: Friends and family can provide valuable support during difficult times.32. Achieve (v.): To successfully reach a goal or complete a task.Example sentence: Through hard work and determination, she achieved her goal of graduating at the top of her class.33. Effort (n.): The amount of energy or strength needed to do something. Example sentence: Putting in the effort to study and prepare for exams can lead to better grades and academic success.34. Grow (v.): To increase in size, number, or importance.Example sentence: With proper care and attention, a small business can grow and thrive over time.35. Improve (v.): To make something better or more desirable.Example sentence: Implementing feedback from customers can help a business improve its products and services.36. Injury (n.): Physical harm or damage to the body caused by an accident or action.Example sentence: Preventing sports injuries is important for athletes to stay healthy and continue participating in their sport.37. Knowledge (n.): Information, understanding, or skill that is gained through education, experience, or training.Example sentence: Gaining knowledge about different cultures can promote understanding and tolerance in society.38. Performance (n.): The action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function.Example sentence: Regular practice and preparation are key to delivering a successful performance.39. Potential (n.): The possibility or likelihood of achieving something in the future.Example sentence: Recognizing and nurturing the potential in young athletes can lead to their future success in sports.40. Success (n.): The accomplishment of an aim or purpose.Example sentence: Hard work, determination, and perseverance are key factors that contribute to success in any field.。

必修一U n i t4词汇表e a r t h q u a k e['ə:θk w e i k]n.地震q u a k e[k w e i k]n.地震r i g h t a w a y立刻；马上w e l l[w e l]n.井∆c r a c k[k ræk]n.裂缝；噼啪声v t.&v i.（使）开裂；破裂∆s me l l y['s m e l i]a d j.发臭的；有臭味的∆f a r m y a r d['fɑ:m jɑ:d]n.农场；农家p i p e[p a i p]n.管；导管b u r s t[bə:s t]v i.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发m i l l i o n['m i l jən]n.百万e v e n t[i'v e n t]n.事件；大事a s i f仿佛；好像a t a n e n d结束；终结n a t i o n['n e iʃən]n.民族；国家；国民c a n a l[kə'næl]n.运河；水道s t e a m[s t i:m]n.蒸汽；水汽d i r t[də:t]n.污垢；泥土r u i n['r u i n,'r u:-]n.废墟；毁灭v t.毁灭；使破产i n r u i n s严重受损；破败不堪s u f f e r i n g['sʌfər iŋ]n.苦难；痛苦e x t r e m e[i k's t r i:m]a d j.极度的i n j u r e['i n dʒə]v t.损害；伤害∆s u r v i v o r[sə'v a i və]n.幸存者；生还者；残存物d e s t r o y[d i's t rɔi]v t.破坏；毁坏；消灭b r ic k[b r i k]n.砖；砖块d a m[dæm]n.水坝；堰堤t r a c k[t ræk]n.轨道；足迹；痕迹u s e l e s s['j u:s l i s]a d j.无用的；无效的；无益的s h o c k[ʃɔk]v t.&v i.（使）震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊r e s c u e['r e s k j u:]n.&v t.援救；营救t r a p[t ræp]v t.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境e l e c t r i c i t y[,i l e k't r i sət i]n.电；电流；电学d i s a s te r[,d i'zɑ:s tə]n.灾难；灾祸d i g o u t掘出；发现b u r y['b e r i]v t.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏m i n e[m a i n]n.矿；矿山；矿井m i n e r['m a i nə]n.矿工s h e l t e r['ʃe l tə]n.掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处a(g r e a t)n u mb e r o f许多；大量的t i t l e['t a i t l]n.标题；头衔；资格r e p o r t e r[r i'pɔ:tə]n.记者b a r[bɑ:]n.条；棒；条状物d a m a g e['dæm i dʒ]n.&v t.损失；损害f r igh t e n['f r ai tən]v t.使惊吓；吓唬f r igh t e n e d['f r ai t n d]a d j.受惊的；受恐吓的f r igh t e ni n g['f r a i tən iŋ]a d j.令人恐惧的c o n g r a t u l a t i o n[kən,ɡrætʃu'l e iʃən]n.祝贺；（复数）贺词j u d g e[dʒʌdʒ]n.裁判员；法官v t.断定；判断；判决s i n c e r e l y[s i n's iəl i]a d v.真诚地；真挚地e x p r e s s[i k's p r e s]v t.表示；表达n.快车；速递o u t l i n e['a u t l a i n]n.要点；大纲；轮廓h e a d l i n e['h e d l a i n]n.报刊的大字标题c y c l i s t['s a i k l i s t]n.骑必修一U n i t5词汇表∆N e l s o n M a n d e l a['n e l s n mæn'd e lə]纳尔逊∙曼德拉（前南非共和国总统）q u a l i t y['k wɔlət i]n.质量；品质；性质∆w a r m-h e a r t e d[,wɔ:m'h a:t i d]a d j.热心肠的m e a n[mi:n]a d j.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的a c t i v e['æk t i v]a d j.积极的；活跃的g e n e r o u s['dʒe nərəs]a d j.慷慨的；大方的∆e a s y-g o i n g[,i:z i:'gəu iŋ]a d j.随和的；温和宽容的s e l f[s e l f]n.自我；自身s e l f i s h['s e l f iʃ]a d j.自私的s e l f l e s s['s e l f l i s]a d j.无私的；忘我的s e l f l e s s l y['s e l f l i s l i]a d v.无私地；忘我地d e v o t e[d i'vəu t]v t.（与t o连用）献身；专心于d e v o t e d[d i'vəu t i d]a d j.忠实的；深爱的∆Wi l l i a m T y n d a l e['w i l jəm't i n d l]威廉∙廷代尔（英国早期新教改革者）∆B i b l e['b a i b l]n.《圣经》∆N o r ma n B e t h u n e['Nɔ:mən bə'θj u:n]诺曼∙白求恩（加拿大胸外科医师）∆i n v a d e r[i n'v e i də]n.侵略者f o u n d[f a u n d]v t.建立；建设r e p u b l i c[r i'pʌb l i k]n.共和国；共和政体p r i n c i p l e['p r i n səp l]n.法则；原则；原理∆n a t i o n a l i s m['næʃənəl i zəm]n.民族主义；国家主义∆l i v e l i h o o d['l a i v l i h u d]n.生计；谋生∆M o h a n d a s G a n d h i[məu'hæn dəs'gæn d i]莫罕达斯∙甘地（印度国民大会党领袖）p e a c e f u l['p i:s f u l]a d j.和平的；平静的；安宁的∆g i a n t['dʒa iən t]a d j.巨大的；庞大的∆l e a p[l i:p]n.飞跃；跳跃ma n k i n d[,mæn'k a i n d]n.人类∆E l i a s[i'l a iəs]伊莱亚斯（男名）l a w y e r['lɔ:jə]n.律师g u i d a n c e['ɡa i dən s]n.指导；领导l e g a l['l i:ɡəl]a d j.法律的；依照法律的f e e[f i:]n.费（会费；学费等）；酬金∆p a s s b o o k['pɑ:s b u k]n.南非共和国有色人种的身份证∆J o h a n n e s b u r g[dʒəu'hæn i s bə:g]约翰内斯堡（南非城市）o u t o f w o r k失业h o p e f u l['həu p f u l]a d j.有希望的∆A N C非国大；非洲人国民大会；非洲民族会议y o u t h[j u:θ]n.青年；青年时期l e a g u e[l i:ɡ]n.同盟；联盟；联合会Y o u t h L e a g u e青年团s t a g e[s t e i dʒ]n.舞台；阶段；时期v o t e[vəu t]v t.&v i.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决a t t a c k[ə'tæk]v t.进攻；攻击；抨击v i o l e n c e['v a iələn s]n.暴力；暴行a s a ma t t e r o f f a c t事实上b l o wu p使充气；爆炸e q u a l['i:k wəl]a d j.相等的；平等的i n t r o u b l e在危险；受罚；痛苦；忧虑等的处境中w i l l i n g['w i l iŋ]a d j.乐意的；自愿的u n f a i r[,ʌn'fεə]a d j.不公正的；不公平的t u r n t o求助于；致力于∆q u o t e[k wəu t,kəu t]n.引用语；语录∆r e l e a s e[r i'l i:s]v t.释放；发行l o s e h e a r t丧失勇气或信心∆R o b b e n I s l a n d[lɔbən'a i lən d]罗本岛e s c a p e[i's k e i p]v i.逃脱；逃走；泄露b l a n k e t['b læŋk i t]n.毛毯；毯子e d u c a t e['e d j u:k e i t]v t.教育；训练e d u c a t e d['e d j u:k e i t i d]a d j.受过教育的；有教养的c o me t o p o w e r当权；上台b e g[b eɡ]v i.请求；乞求r e l a t i v e['r e lət i v]n.亲戚；亲属t e r r o r['t e rə]n.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动c r u e l t y['k r u:əl t i]n.残忍；残酷r e w a r d[r i'wɔ:d]n.报酬；奖金v t.酬劳；奖赏∆T r a n s k e i[t ræn s'k a i]特兰斯凯（南非东南部一地区）s e t u p设立；建立s e n t e n c e['s e n tən s]v t.判决；宣判b e s e n t e nc ed t o被判处……（徒刑）a n t i-['æn t i,-t a i][前缀]反；抗；阻a n t i-b l ac k['æn t i-b læk]ad j.反黑人的∆C a p e T o w n开普敦（南非立法首都）p r e s i d e n t['p r e z i dən t]n.总统；会长；校长；行长∆N o b e l P e a c e P r i z e[nəu'b e l'p i:s'p r a i z]诺贝尔和平奖。

Unit 4 单词表1. absolute [ˈæbsəluːt] adj.完全的;绝对的2. achieve [əˈtʃiːv] v.完成;实现3. advantage [ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ] n.优势;有利条件4. alternative [ɔːlˈtɜːrnətɪv] n.替代(方案)5. analyze [ˈænəlaɪz] v.分析6. attempt [əˈtempt] v.尝试;努力7. background [ˈbækɡraʊnd] n.背景;背景资料8. balance [ˈbæləns] v.平衡9. capable [ˈkeɪpəbl] adj.有能力的;能干的10. career [kəˈrɪr] n.事业；[特指]职业11. challenge [ˈtʃæləndʒ] n.挑战12. characteristic [ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk] adj.典型的;特有的13.bination [ˌkɒmbɪˈneɪʃn] n.结合;联合14.munication [kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn] n.交流;通讯15.munity [kəˈmjuːnətɪ] n.社区;社会16.pare [kəmˈpeə(r)] v.比较17.pete [kəmˈpiːt] v.竞争18. concentrate [ˈkɒnsəntreɪt] v.集中19. confident [ˈkɒnfɪdənt] adj.有信心的20. connect [kəˈnekt] v.连接21. conscious [ˈkɒnʃəs] adj.意识到的;有意的22. convenient [kənˈviːniənt] adj.方便的23. convert [kənˈvɜːt] v.转变;转换24. crucial [ˈkruːʃəl] adj.至关重要的25. culture [ˈkʌltʃə(r)] n.文化26. decade [ˈdekeɪd] n.十年27. define [dɪˈfaɪn] v.定义28. deliver [dɪˈlɪvə(r)] v.交付;递送29. demonstrate [ˈdemənstreɪt] v.演示;证明30. derive [dɪˈraɪv] v.源于;得自31. design [dɪˈzaɪn] v.设计32. desire [dɪˈzaɪə(r)] n.欲望33. destroy [dɪˈstrɔɪ] v.毁灭34. detect [dɪˈtekt] v.发现35. develop [dɪˈveləp] v.发展36. dimension [daɪˈmenʃn] n.维度;方面37. direct [dəˈrekt] adj.直接的;直率的38. discover [dɪˈskʌvə(r)] v.发现39. discuss [dɪˈskʌs] v.讨论40. diverse [daɪˈvɜːs] adj.不同的;多种多样的41. dynamic [daɪˈnæmɪk] adj.动态的;有活力的42. economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi] n.经济43. edit [ˈedɪt] v.编辑44. element [ˈelɪmənt] n.元素;要素45. emotion [ɪˈməʊʃn] n.情感46. enable [ɪˈneɪbl] v.使能够;使可能47. energy [ˈenədʒi] n.能量;精力48. environment [ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt] n.环境49. equipment [ɪˈkwɪpmənt] n.设备;装备50. establish [ɪˈstæblɪʃ] v.建立51. estimate [ˈestɪmət] v.估计52. evaluate [ɪˈvæljueɪt] v.评估53. evidence [ˈevɪdəns] n.证据54. evolve [ɪˈvɒlv] v.发展;进化55. examine [ɪɡˈzæmɪn] v.检查;调查56. expand [ɪkˈspænd] v.扩大;扩展57. expl本人n [ɪkˈspleɪn] v.解释58. exploit [ɪkˈsplɔɪt] v.利用59. external [ɪkˈstɜːnl] adj.外部的;外面的60. facilitate [fəˈsɪlɪteɪt] v.促进;使便利61. factor [ˈfæktə(r)] n.因素62. feature [ˈfiːtʃə] n.特征;特点63. focus [ˈfəʊkəs] v.聚焦;集中64. function [ˈfʌŋkʃən] n.功能;作用65. generate [ˈdʒenəreɪt] v.产生;引起66. govern [ˈɡʌvən] v.管理;统治67. guarantee [ˌɡærənˈtiː] v.保证;担保68. highlight [ˈhaɪlaɪt] v.强调;使突出69. hypothesis [haɪˈpɒθəsɪs] n.假设70. identical [aɪˈdentɪkl] adj.相同的;一模一样的71. identify [aɪˈdentɪfaɪ] v.确定;识别72. ignore [ɪɡˈnɔː] v.忽视;忽略73. illustrate [ˈɪləstreɪt] v.说明;举例说明74. impact [ˈɪmpækt] n.影响75. implement [ˈɪmplɪment] v.实施;执行76. imply [ɪmˈplaɪ] v.暗示;意味着77. initial [ɪˈnɪʃl] adj.最初的78. innovate [ˈɪnəveɪt] v.创新;革新79. inspect [ɪnˈspekt] v.检查80. inspire [ɪnˈspaɪə(r)] v.激发;鼓舞81. instruct [ɪnˈstrʌkt] v.指导;教导82. integrate [ˈɪntɪɡreɪt] v.整合;结合83. interpret [ɪnˈtɜːprɪt] v.解释;理解84. introduce [ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs] v.介绍;引进85. invest [ɪnˈvest] v.投资86. involve [ɪnˈvɒlv] v.涉及;使参与87. issue [ˈɪʃuː] n.问题;议题88. justify [ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ] v.证明…的合理性89. label [ˈleɪbl] n.标签;标记90. m本人nt本人n [meɪnˈteɪn] v.保持;维持91. manipulate [məˈnɪpjuleɪt] v.操纵;操作92. maximize [ˈmæksɪmaɪz] v.最大化93. modify [ˈmɒdɪfaɪ] v.修改;更改94. monitor [ˈmɒnɪtə(r)] v.监测;监控95. motive [ˈməʊtɪv] n.动机96. negate [nɪˈɡeɪt] v.否定97. negotiate [nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt] v.谈判;协商98. obt本人n [əbˈteɪn] v.获得99. occupy [ˈɒkjʊpaɪ] v.占据;占领100. occur [əˈkɜː(r)] v.发生以上是高一英语必修一unit4的单词表。

人教版高一英语1(必修)单词表(Unit 4) disaster 名词灾难、灾害tornado 名词龙卷风、旋风（复数为tornadoes或tornados）drought 名词旱灾、久旱landslide 名词（也称为landfall）（山地或悬崖的）崩塌、滑坡slide 及物动词（使）滑行、滑动不及物动词（使）滑行、滑动tsunami 名词海啸flood 名词洪水、大量不及物动词淹没、大量涌入及物动词使灌满水、淹没volcanic eruption 火山喷发magnitude 名词（地震）震级、重大rescue 名词营救、救援及物动词营救、救援damage 名词损坏、损失及物动词损害、破坏destroy 及物动词摧毁、毁灭evacuate 不及物动词疏散、撤出及物动词撤离helicopter 名词直升机death 名词死、死亡affect 及物动词影响、（疾病）侵袭、深深打动shelter 名词避难所、居所、庇护及物动词保护、隐蔽不及物动词躲避（风雨或危险）crack 名词裂纹、裂缝及物动词（使）破裂不及物动词（使）破裂as if 似乎、好像、仿佛ruin 名词破坏、毁坏及物动词破坏、毁坏in ruins 严重受损、破败不堪percent 名词百分之……形容词每一百中副词每一百中brick 名词砖、砖块metal 名词金属shock 名词震惊、令人震惊的事、休克及物动词（使）震惊in shock 震惊、吃惊electricity 名词电、电能trap 及物动词陷阱、险境名词陷阱、险境bury 及物动词埋葬、安葬breathe 不及物动词呼吸及物动词呼吸revive 及物动词复活、（使）苏醒不及物动词复活、（使）苏醒revival 名词振兴、复苏effort 名词努力、艰难的尝试、尽力unify 及物动词不及物动词统一、（使）成一体wisdom 名词智慧、才智context 名词上下文、语境、背景suffer 不及物动词（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦及物动词遭受、蒙受volcano 名词火山erupt 及物动词（火山）爆发、（岩浆、烟等）不及物动词supply 名词供应量、补给；（复数）补给品及物动词供应、补给typhoon 名词台风in the open air 露天、在户外hurricane 名词（尤指西大西洋的）飓风survive 不及物动词生存、存活及物动词幸存、艰难度过power 名词电力供应、能量、力量、控制力tap 不及物动词轻敲、轻叩、轻拍及物动词轻敲、轻叩、轻拍名词水龙头、轻敲、轻叩pipe 名词管子、管道whistle 及物动词吹口哨不及物动词吹口哨、发出笛声名词哨子（声）、呼啸声emergency 名词突发事件、紧急情况calm 形容词镇静的、沉着的及物动词使平静、使镇静aid 名词援助、帮助、救援物资及物动词（正式用语）帮助、援助不及物动词（正式用语）帮助、援助kit 名词成套工具、成套设备first aid kit 急救箱on hand 现有（尤指帮助）crash 不及物动词碰撞、撞击及物动词碰撞、撞击sweep 不及物动词打扫、清扫（过去式、过去分词swept、swept）及物动词打扫、清扫（过去式、过去分词swept、swept）sweep away 消灭、彻底消除wave 名词海浪、波浪strike 及物动词侵袭、突击、击打（过去式、过去分词struck、struck）不及物动词侵袭、突击、击打（过去式、过去分词struck、struck）deliver 不及物动词递送、传达及物动词递送、传达、发表summary 名词总结、概括、概要effect 名词影响、结果、效果length 名词长、长度Ecuador 专有名词厄瓜多尔（南美洲国家）Memphis 专有名词孟菲斯（美国城市）Alberta 专有名词艾伯塔省（加拿大省份）Colombo 专有名词科伦坡（斯里兰卡首都）Sri Lanka 专有名词斯里兰卡（东南亚国家）Thailand 专有名词泰国（东南亚国家）Malaysia 专有名词马来西亚（东南亚国家）Sumatra Island 专有名词苏门答腊岛（印度尼西亚的一个岛屿）Chandra Theeravit 专有名词钱德拉·特拉维（人名）。

01. disaster /dɪˈzɑ:stə(r)/ n. 灾难；灾害02. tornado /tɔ:ˈneɪdə/ n. (pl. -oes or -os) 龙卷风；旋风03. drought /draʊt/ n. 旱灾；久旱04. landslide /ˈlændslaɪd/ n. ( landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡05. slide /slaɪd/ vi. & vt. (使)滑行；滑动06. tsunami /tsu:ˈnɑ:mi/ n. 海啸07. flood /flʌd/ n. 洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没08. volcanic eruption /vɔlˈkænɪk ɪˈrʌpʃn/ 火山喷发09. magnitude /ˈmægnɪtju:d/ n. (地)震级；重大10. rescue /ˈreskju:/ n.& vt.营救；救援11. damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt. 损害；破坏n.损坏；损失12. destroy /dɪ'strɔɪ/ vt. 摧毁；毁灭13. evacuate /ɪˈvækjueɪt/ vt. 疏散；撤出vi.撤离14. helicopter /ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)/ n. 直升机15. death /deθ/ n. 死；死亡16. affect /ə'fekt/ vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动17. shelter /'ʃeltə(r)/ n. 避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi. 躲避(风、雨或危险)18. crack /kræk/ n. 裂纹；裂缝vi. & vt. (使)破裂19. as if 似乎；好像；仿佛20. ruin /'ru:ɪn/ n.&vt. 破坏；毁坏21. in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪22. percent /pəˈsent/ n.百分之……adj.&adv.每一百种23. brick /brɪk/ n.砖；砖块24. metal /'metl/ n. 金属25. shock /ʃɒk/ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊26. in shock 震惊；吃惊27. electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n. 电；电能28. trap /træp/ vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套n. 险境；陷阱29. bury /ˈberi/ vt. 埋葬；安葬30. breathe / bri:ð/ vi.& vt.呼吸31. revive /rɪˈvaɪv/ vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒32. revival /rɪˈvaɪvl/ n. 振兴；复苏33. effort /'efət/ n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力34. unify /ˈju:nɪfaɪ/ vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体35. wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/ n. 智慧；才智36. context /ˈkɒntekst/ n. 上下文；语境；背景37. suffer /ˈsʌfə/ vt. 遭受；蒙受vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦38. volcano /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ n. (pl. -oes or -os)火山39. erupt /ɪˈrʌpt/ vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出40. supply /səˈplaɪ/ n. 供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品vt. 供应；供给41. typhoon /taɪˈfu:n/ n. 台风42. in the open air 露天；在户外43. hurricane /ˈhʌrɪkən/ n. (尤指大西洋的)飓风44. survive /səˈvaɪv/ vi.生存；存活vt. 幸存；艰难度过45. power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n.电力供应；力量；控制力46. tap /tæp/ vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲47. pipe /paɪp/ n.管子；管道48. whistle /ˈwɪsl/ vi.吹口哨；发出笛声vt. 吹口哨n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声49. emergency /iˈmɜ:dʒənsi/ n. 突发事件；紧急情况50. calm /kɑ:m/ adj. 镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静51. aid /eɪd/ n.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.& vt. (formal) 帮助；援助52. kit /kɪt/ n.成套工具；成套设备53. first aid kit 急救箱54. on hand 现有(尤指帮助)55. crash /kræʃ/ vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击n.撞车；碰撞56. sweep /swi:p/ vt. & vi. ( swept, swept) 打扫；清扫57. sweep away 消灭；彻底消除58. wave /weɪv/ n. 海浪；波浪vi.& vt.挥手；招手59. strike /straɪk/ vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打n. 罢工；罢课；袭击60. deliver /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ vt. & vi.递送；传达vt.发表61. summary /ˈsʌməri/ n. 总结；概括；概要62. effect /ɪˈfekt/ n.影响；结果；效果63. length /leŋθ/ n. 长；长度词汇听默写01. ___ /dɪˈzɑ:stə(r)/ n. 灾难；灾害02. ___ /tɔ:ˈneɪdə/ n. (pl. -oes or -os) 龙卷风；旋风03. ___ /draʊt/ n. 旱灾；久旱04. ___ /ˈlændslaɪd/ n. ( landfall) (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡05. ___ /slaɪd/ vi. & vt. (使)滑行；滑动06. ___ /tsu:ˈnɑ:mi/ n. 海啸07. ___ /flʌd/ n. 洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没08. ___ /vɔlˈkænɪk ɪˈrʌpʃn/ 火山喷发09. ___ /ˈmægnɪtju:d/ n. (地)震级；重大10. ___ /ˈreskju:/ n.& vt.营救；救援11. ___ /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt. 损害；破坏n.损坏；损失12. ___ /dɪ'strɔɪ/ vt. 摧毁；毁灭13. ___ /ɪˈvækjueɪt/ vt. 疏散；撤出vi.撤离14. ___ /ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)/ n. 直升机15. ___ /deθ/ n. 死；死亡16. ___ /ə'fekt/ vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动17. ___ /'ʃeltə(r)/ n. 避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi. 躲避(风、雨或危险)18. ___ /kræk/ n. 裂纹；裂缝vi. & vt. (使)破裂19. ___ 似乎；好像；仿佛20. ___ /'ru:ɪn/ n.&vt. 破坏；毁坏21. ___ 严重受损；破败不堪22. ___ /pəˈsent/ n.百分之……adj.&adv.每一百种23. ___ /brɪk/ n.砖；砖块24. ___ /'metl/ n. 金属25. ___ /ʃɒk/ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊26. ___ 震惊；吃惊27. ___ /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n. 电；电能28. ___ /træp/ vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套n. 险境；陷阱29. ___ /ˈberi/ vt. 埋葬；安葬30. ___ / bri:ð/ vi.& vt.呼吸31. ___ /rɪˈvaɪv/ vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒32. ___ /rɪˈvaɪvl/ n. 振兴；复苏33. ___ /'efət/ n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力34. ___ /ˈju:nɪfaɪ/ vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体35. ___ /ˈwɪzdəm/ n. 智慧；才智36. ___ /ˈkɒntekst/ n. 上下文；语境；背景37. ___ /ˈsʌfə/ vt. 遭受；蒙受vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦38. ___ /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ n. (pl. -oes or -os)火山39. ___ /ɪˈrʌpt/ vi.& vt. (火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出40. ___ /səˈplaɪ/ n. 供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品vt. 供应；供给41. ___ /taɪˈfu:n/ n. 台风42. ___ 露天；在户外43. ___ /ˈhʌrɪkən/ n. (尤指大西洋的)飓风44. ___ /səˈvaɪv/ vi.生存；存活vt. 幸存；艰难度过45. ___ /ˈpaʊə(r)/ n.电力供应；力量；控制力46. ___ /tæp/ vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲47. ___ /paɪp/ n.管子；管道48. ___ /ˈwɪsl/ vi.吹口哨；发出笛声vt. 吹口哨n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声49. ___ /iˈmɜ:dʒənsi/ n. 突发事件；紧急情况50. ___ /kɑ:m/ adj. 镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静51. ___ /eɪd/ n.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.& vt. (formal) 帮助；援助52. ___ /kɪt/ n.成套工具；成套设备53. ___ 急救箱54. ___ 现有(尤指帮助)55. ___ /kræʃ/ vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击n.撞车；碰撞56. ___ /swi:p/ vt. & vi. ( swept, swept) 打扫；清扫57. ___ 消灭；彻底消除58. ___ /weɪv/ n. 海浪；波浪vi.& vt.挥手；招手59. ___ /straɪk/ vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打n. 罢工；罢课；袭击60. ___ /dɪˈlɪvə(r)/ vt. & vi.递送；传达vt.发表61. ___ /ˈsʌməri/ n. 总结；概括；概要62. ___ /ɪˈfekt/ n.影响；结果；效果63. ___ /leŋθ/ n. 长；长度。

Unit4 重点单词和短语（附习题和答案）(一) 词汇1. burstvt. & vi. (burst, bursting)爆炸；胀裂；突然而起；闯入；充满；满盈；n. 突然破裂；爆发联想拓展burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然……起来burst open推开；忽然打开；裂开burst through冲开；冲破；拨开burst in upon打断(谈话等)；突然出现；突然到达burst in/ into闯入；突然出现；突然……起来；突然发作另外，burst into后接名词时可表示不同的意义：burst into laughter突然大笑起来burst into tears突然大哭起来burst into cheers突然欢呼起来burst out后接动名词也表示同样的意思burst out laughing/crying 突然大笑/哭起来2. eventn. 事件；大事；比赛项目The new book was the cultural event of the year.这本新书的出版是今年文化界的大事。

Coming events cast their shadows before.未来之事先有征兆。

The next event will be the 100-metre race.下一个比赛项目是100米赛跑。

常用结构：at all events 无论怎样in any event 无论如何in the event of 万一；倘若In the event of rain, the game will be postponed.要是下雨，球赛就延期。

易混辨析occurrence/event/incident/accidentoccurrence系常用词, 指“任何发生的事件”。

event 指“有重要意义的历史事件、重大事件”。

incident指“事件”, 尤指“比较不重要的小事件”。

Unit 4 Earthquakes【重点词汇】1 ruinn．毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；(不可数名词)废墟；遗迹(常用复数vt．&vi．(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产①The castle has fallen into rain．那城堡已破败不堪。

②An earthquake left the whole town in ruins．那次地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。

‘③It poured with rain and my dress got/was mined．大雨倾盆，我的连衣裙已淋得不成样子了。

归纳拓展fall into ruin崩塌come/go to ruin毁灭，崩溃lie in ruins成为废墟the ruins of Yuanmingyuan圆明园遗迹bring sb.to ruin使某人破产ruin one’s hopes使某人希望破灭ruin oneself自取灭亡ruin one’s health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉辨析活用damage/destroy/ruin/spoil这三个词都有“损坏，破坏”之意，具体区别如下：(1)ruin指彻底摧毁一件事物，特别是摧毁美好、珍贵的事物，并使其无法修复，其主语多为天灾人祸等无形的力量。

有时可用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”。

He has ruined his health through drinking.他饮酒过度，把身体搞坏了。

(2)damage指“损坏”，表示不彻底的破坏，一般是部分性的，只是使其不能发挥正常作用，意味损坏后价值或效率降低，宾语一般是物。

I damaged my shoes in football practice today.今天练习踢足球时我把鞋弄坏了。

(3)destroy指十分彻底的“破坏”，常含有不能或很难修复的意思，也可以用作比喻意义，指希望、梦想等的破灭；主语可以是人，也可以是物；后接人或物都可以。

高一英语必修一单词：Unit4 Unit 4earthquake 地震right away 立即;马上well 井smelly adj.发臭的;有臭味的crack n.裂缝;噼啪声 vt.裂开farmyard n.农场;农家pipe n.管;导管burst vi.爆裂;爆发 n.突然裂开;爆发million 百万event 事件;大事as if 仿佛;好像at an end 结束;终结nation 民族;国家国民canal 运河;水道steam 蒸汽;水汽dirt 污垢;泥土ruin n.废墟;毁灭 vt.毁灭;使破产in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪suffering 苦难;苦痛extreme 极度的injure 损害;损害survivor 幸存者;生还者;残存物 destroy 破坏;毁坏;消灭brick 砖;砖块dam 水坝;堰堤track 轨道;脚印;痕迹useless 无用的;无效的;无益的 shock vt.震动 n.休克;打击;震惊 rescue n.营救trap vt.陷入逆境 n.陷阱;逆境 electricity 电，电流;电学disaster 灾难;灾祸dig out 掘出;发觉bury 掩埋;掩埋;隐藏mine 矿;矿山;矿井miner 矿工shelter 掩蔽;掩蔽处避身处a(great)number of 很多;大量的 title 标题;头衔;资格reporter 记者bar n.条;棒;条状物damage n.损害frighten 使惊吓;恐吓frightened 受惊的;受恐吓的frightening 令人恐俱的congratulation 庆贺;(复数)贺词judge n.裁判员;法官 vt.断定;推断;判决 sincerely 真诚地;真挚地express vt.表示;表达 n.快车;速递outline 要点;大纲;轮廓headline 报刊的大字标题cyclist n.骑自行车的人。

高一英语单词汇总必修一Unit4高一英语单词汇总必修一unit4高一英语单词汇总:必修一unit4unforgettableadj.难以忘怀的seismographn.地动仪；测震仪howardcarter霍华德·卡特kingn.国王kingtut图特王（古埃及国王）hostvt.主办或主持某活动n.主人hankstram汉克·斯图拉姆takeplace发生；产生onfire起火scarevt.恐吓vi.受惊吓disastern.灾难；灾祸finallyadv.最后；终于rescuen.＆vt.解围；解救flora弗洛拉（女子名）roarn.轰鸣声；吼叫；怒号advancevt.＆vi.前进；提前n.前进；提升uponprep在……之上seizevt.抓住；逮住；夺取swallowvt.咽；冲走；冲上n.咀嚼；燕子dragvt.拖；拖曳pullsbup把....往上曳strugglevi.努力；挣扎；奋斗n.竞争；努力；奋斗getonone‘sfeet站立起来fightvi.搏斗；斗争；争吵f1own.＆vi.流动frightn.惊骇；吃惊shaken.＆vt.震动；喊叫vt.晃动；挥stairn.（阶梯的）一级；楼梯boomn.隆隆声vt.＆vi.播发隆隆声strikevt.＆vi.击打；打动crackvi.播发破裂声；劈啪作响gothrough通过；经受；仔细检查destroyvt炸毁；烧毁towern.塔；城堡nationaladj.国家的；民族的deadlinen.截止时间；最终期限fearn.惧怕；害怕vt.＆vi.惧怕；惧怕opportunityn.机会；时机onholiday在渡假kevin凯文（男子名）articlen.文章；论文couchn.（坐卧两用的）长沙发workaholicn.工作狂buddhan.佛；佛像；佛陀agentn.代理（商），经纪人travelagent旅行社代理人templen.庙；寺；神殿touchvt.＆vi.触摸；（使）接触；感动n.接触；联系 naughtyadj.调皮的；顽皮的peanutn.花生noten.笔记；注解；纸币。