2020年中考英语语法知识总复习(名师精讲必考语法知识点，合计47页，值得下载背诵)一、名词考点集汇I.名词的种类：专有名词普通名词国名/地名/人名/团体机构名称[来源可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词II. 名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。
现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：规则例词1一般情况在词尾加-smap—maps, sea—seas, girl—girls,day—days2以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es class—classes, box—boxes, watch—watches,dish—dishes3以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为v再加-esleaf—leaves, thief—thieves, knife—knives,wife—wives, half—halves加-s chief—chiefs, proof—proofs, roof—roofs4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词, 变y为i加-es party—parties, family—families, story—stories, city—cities5以元音字母加y结尾的名词, 或专有名词以y结尾的加-s toy—toys, boy—boys, day—days, ray—rays,Henry—Henrys6以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-esNegro—Negroes, hero—heroes,potato—potatoes, tomato—tomatoes不少外来词加-spiano—pianos, photo—photos, auto—autos,kilo—kilos, solo—solos 两者皆可zero—zeros/zeroes, volcano—volcanoes /volcanos7以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-sradio—radios, bamboo—bamboos,zoo—zoos8以-th结尾的名词加-struth—truths, mouth—mouths,month—months, path—paths 2. 不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：规则例词1改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man—men, woman—women, foot—feet, goose—geese, mouse—mice2单复数相同sheep, deer, means, works, fish, yuan, jin, 3只有复数形式trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses 4一些集体名词总是用作复数people, police5部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）class, family, crowd, couple, group, government, population, team, public, party6复数形式表示特别含义customs (海关), times (时代), spirits (情绪), drinks (饮料), sands (沙滩), papers (文件报纸), looks (外表), brains (头脑智力), greens(青菜)7表示“某国人”加-sAmericans, Australians, Germans, Greeks,Swedes, Europeans单复数同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese 以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-womenEnglish men, Frenchwomen8合成名词将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by,story-tellers, boy friends无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches 将两部分变为复数women singers, men servantsIII. 名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。
