将下列短句译成汉语

一、英汉互译下列习语（每小题2分，共20分）书上或日常生活中常出现的一些习语或成语。

二、将下列句子翻译成中文，并指出使用的翻译技巧（每小题3分，共30分）翻译常见的八种技巧：1．重复repetition在翻译中被称为一种技巧，自然就不是一般所说的不必要的重复，而是一种必不可少的方法。

可以这样确定它的定义：在翻译中，有时为了忠实于原文，不得不重复某些词语，否则就不能忠实表达原文的意思。

这种反复使用某些词语于翻译的方法就叫重译法。

一般说来，重译法有如下三个作用：一是为了明确；二是为了强调；三是为了生动。

We have to analyze and solve problems．我们要分析问题，解决问题。

2．增译addition/amplification什么叫增译法?我们可以这样确定它的定义：为了使译文忠实地表达原文的意思与风格并使译文合乎表达习惯，必须增加一些词语，这就叫增译法。

送君千里，终有一别。

，yet the parting must come at last．3．减译法deletion和其他一切事物一样，翻译也是有增必有减。

懂了增译法之后自然也就会懂得什么是减译法。

它是增译法的反面：以同一个译例来说，在英译汉中如果用增译法的话，在汉译英中自然就要用减译法了。

把第二节中的31个例子倒译的话(即把汉译英改为英译汉或把英译汉变为汉译英)，所用的译法就不是增译法而是减译法了。

关于减译法，应该记住这样一条总原则：减译法是指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来，因为译文中虽无其词而已有其意，或者在译文中是不言而喻的；换言之，减译法是删去一些可有可无的，或者有了反嫌累赘或违背译文习惯表达法的词，但减译并不是把原文的某些思想内容删去。

此外，冠词、连词、代词(尤其是人称代词、关系代词)、关系副词，等等，在英语中经常使用，但译成汉语时几乎很少出现，要使译文忠实而地道，减译法就自然必不可少了。

例如：A book is useful．书(是)有用(的)。

Translation 翻译练习：英译汉一、1．用转译法将下列各句译成汉语。

1)The letter I is commonly used for current．2)The first cooperation of ours is a success．3)The catalogues，samples and prices are shown in the table above．4)A TV set differs from a radio in that it receives pictures．5)The product from a dryer is often ready for final packing．6)This program is not popular with all of the students．2．用增词法将下列各句译成汉语。

1)The first motor cars in this country went into operation in l905．2)There are three chief effects of electric currents：the magnetic, heating and chemical．3）His failure to observe the safety regulations results in an accident to the machinery．4)For many years，there has been serious unemployment in this city．5)The force of expansion makes it necessary to build a bridge in sections．3．省略法将下列各句译成汉语。

1）Not only does the computer gather facts，but it can also store them as fast as they are gathered.2) As we discuss our differences, neither of us will compromise our principles.3) A gas becomes hotter if it is compressed.4) They had barely enough time to catch the plane.5) Television signals have a short range.4．用重复法翻译下列各句：1) I had experienced oxygen or engine trouble.2) Let us revise our safety and sanitary regulations.3) People use science knowledge to understand and change nature.4) Diesel and gasoline engines are designed to convert heat energy into mechanical energy for running tractors,trucks and cars.5) Market economy is itself the product of a long course of development, of a series of revolutions in the modes ofproduction and of exchange.6) Washington is an activist, an originator and a master of strategy.7) We shall overcome all the difficulties so long as we study hard and in a right way.8) The whole process required a great deal of effort, skill and luck.5．试译下列各句：1) The Chinese people are justifiably proud of their economic achievements.2) The economic growth rate has been noticeably affected by the chaotic state of the market.3) The government tried unsuccessfully to curb inflation throughout the country.4) The police are reported to have arrested several suspects in the past three days.5) The great speed of light explains why we think we see things happen at the exact moment they are happening.6) He has put on a lot of weight because of too much eating.7) He, a much respected mayor, has devoted his whole life to the betterment of people's life.8) That iron and steel works has produced 4 millions tons of steel this year, a recordnever touched before.9) That trade company is interested in employing him, who isn't interested in the company.练习二。

英文语录短句带翻译英文语录短句带翻译在平凡的学习、工作、生活中，大家最不陌生的就是语录了吧，语录是指对那些富有哲理与特殊意义话语的记录，一般用于正式文体。

那什么样的语录才是走心的语录呢？以下是小编为大家整理的英文语录短句带翻译，欢迎大家分享。

英文语录短句带翻译 11、Try A Different Angle.尝试不同的角度。

2、Never, never, never, never give up.永远不要、不要、不要、不要放弃。

3、While there is life there is hope .一息若存,希望不灭。

4、Focus On Progress Rather Than Perfection.重在进步，而非完美。

5、Laughter is poison to fear .笑是恐惧的解药。

6、Make A Decision To Stop Feeling Terrible.下定决心不再情绪低落。

7、To be a little star before dawn,To steal kiss your eyes.要在天亮前变成小星星，去偷亲你的眼睛。

8、Whatever your past has been, you have a spotless future.无论过去如何，未来总是崭新的。

9、When you feel like giving up, remember why you held on so long in the first place.每当你想要放弃的时候，就想想是为了什么才一路坚持到现在。

10、Sometimes ever , sometimes never .相聚有时,后会无期。

11、I"ll try anything once .人生苦短,何妨一试。

12、Traveling around the galaxy,I can"t find a brighter star than you.环游星系，找不到比你更亮的星星。

郭著章、李庆⽣《英汉互译实⽤教程》（第3版）课后习题及详解-第10、11章【圣才出品】第10章⼤写、标点符号与英汉互译⼀、将下列各条译成英语。

注意⼤⼩写1. 地中海中的岛屿和加那利群岛【答案】Mediterranean islands and Canary Islands2. 我准备去西部度假。

【答案】I am going to the West for my vacation.3. 基⾟格的⽗亲是个德国⼈。

【答案】Kissinger’s father is a German.4. 你提到的那座天主教堂和圣爱德华天主教堂不同。

【答案】hat Catholic church you mentioned is different from St.Edward’s Catholic Church.5. 《双城记》是狄更斯的⼀部⼩说，⽽《⼈⽣颂》是朗费罗的⼀⾸诗。

【答案】A Tale of Two Cities is a novel by Dickens and "The Psalm of Life" is a poem by Longfellow.⼆、翻译下列各条。

注意正确使⽤撇号1. ⽛医的诊所【答案】the dentist’s office2. 我表兄弟们的房⼦【答案】my cousins’ houses3. ⼥⼠们的帽⼦【答案】the ladies’ hats4. 琼斯⼀家的汽车【答案】the Joneses’ car5. 我⼏位嫂⼦的信件【答案】my sisters-in-law’s letters6. 五美元的价值【答案】five dollars’ worth7. 基⾟格和尼克松的计划【答案】Kiss inger and Nixon’s plan8. 尼克松和罗杰斯各⾃的计划【答案】Nixon’s and Rogers’s plans三、将下列句⼦译成汉语。

注意标点符号的使⽤1. The teacher said. “I will accept your excuse.”【答案】这位⽼师说：“我同意你的请假。

Conversion of Parts of Speech(2)词性转换法（2)在英汉翻译实践中，尽管其他词性转换不如转换为动词那样普遍，但也是一种解决翻译问题的有效手段。

下面介绍一些在英汉翻译过程中其他常见的词性转换情况。

2．转换为汉语的名词(1）动词转换为名词由名词词根派生的动词，或由名词转用的动词，其词义用汉语中的动词直接表达往往比较困难，通常转译为汉语中的名词。

如：例1：What characterizes his work is a lack of attention to detail.译文：他工作的特点是不注重细节。

例2：To those small children, their teachers personified absolute power.译文：对这些小孩子来说，他们的老师就是绝对权威的化身。

例3：All the people concerned would be motivated to work together.译文：所有相关人员都会受到鼓励，一起工作。

例4：His wife has done everything to mother him.译文：他妻子竭尽全力，象母亲一样照顾他。

例5：The reform aims at increasing the work efficiency of the whole department.译文：这次改革的目的是提高整个部门的工作效率。

有一些动词尽管不是名词派生或转化而来，但在翻译过程中为了表达自然通顺也可以转换为名词，如：例6：He objected that the plan is not practical.译文：他反对的理由是这项计划不切实际。

例7：A young man, who looked and talked like a student, attracted my attention.译文：一个言谈举止都像学生的年轻人引起了我的注意。

最新7月浙江自考翻译试卷及答案解析浙江省2018年7月翻译试卷课程代码：10050I．词语翻译20％1.将下列词语译为汉语：1) Sun Yat—sen2) Royal Society3) the Yangtze Delta4) bilateral trade5) allowance6) soda fountain7) East of Eden8) male sterilization9) the Contracting States10) diversity2. 将下列词语译为英语：11) 丑八怪12) 小资产阶级13) 五龙亭14) 有利因素15) 斗兽场16) 不惜力气17) 灶王爷18) 滩涂119) 毛利润20) 振兴中华II. 改错题10％下列单句译文有差错，请加以改正。

1. 原文：At the hotel I always finished the meal with ice—cream。

译文：在饭店里我总是以冰淇淋来结束我的用餐。

2. 原文：What makes the Industrial Revolution especially English?译文：是什么使工业革命成为了特别英语呢？3. Situated at the base of the Mt. Lofty Ranges, Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.译文：位于洛夫蒂岭山麓，阿德莱德属地中海型气候。

4. 原文：T oday, two way trade is something in the order of $6 billion and increasing.译文：如今，两国双边贸易订货额为6亿美元，并且还在增加。

5. 原文：After studying Earl’s face I knew that the weather didn’t matter much.译文：我研究了一下艾勒的脸，就知道天气不好并没有多大关系。

在学习不同的语言时，我们可能会无法确认我们翻译的是否都是正确的，所以我们需要进行在线翻译，将英语翻译成中文，下面就让小编给大家简单介绍一下。

步骤一：将英文翻译成中文的方法是可以直接进入到一点翻译网站中进行翻译的；
步骤二：进入之后就可以找到短句在线翻译，然后点击开始翻译进入；
步骤三：进入之后就可以将需要翻译的语言进行设置了，点击下拉框选择英文翻译中文；
步骤四：之后就可以将英文短句放在左侧的矩形框中，然后点击开始压缩；
步骤五：压缩是需要一定的时间的，我们可以耐心的等待一段时间，短句翻译完成；
步骤六：短句翻译完成之后就可以看到右侧矩形框中会有翻译成功的中文。

以上就是小编给大家简单介绍的在线翻译的方法，希望可以帮助到大家。

五、英译汉将下列句子翻译成汉语。

第一组：1.I didn’t get up until 11.30 this morning.2.Football is the most popular sport in the world.3.I need to be at the airport by 6.00 o’clock.4.I’ve never been to Greece, and I’d love to go there.5.We’ve got enough money to hire extra staff.第二组：1.He came across an old violin at his aunt’s house.2.I must get some slides made.3.I’ve got the same sense of humour as my mum.4.While she was waiting, her phone rang.5.The new suitcase which Xiaoyan（晓燕）got yesterday is full already.第三组：1.They lived in a village north of London.2.I’ve played table tennis a lot, but I’ve never tried tennis.3.I must have left the camera in the shop.4.Polly（波莉）is worried about her lack of experience.5.If I won the lottery, I’d buy a flat.第四组：1.The hotel is surrounded by fields and woods.2.The bride was dressed in a long white dress.3.The window was smashed and the lock on the front door is broken.4.My dad used to be a farmer and so did my grandfather.5.It would be great to see you to catch up on all our news.第五组：1.Steve (史蒂夫) and I are getting the 4.30 pm train.2.Have you ever thought of making a career by working at home?3.The restaurant looks good, except for the unfinished work.4.The shops are only a few minutes walk away.5.I have to move out because Franco (佛朗哥)has got a new tenant.1。

实用翻译教程，刘季春，中山大学出版社翻译练习答案(仅供参考)P451 .The stereo radio is now a standard feature.立体收音功能现在已经是一种标准功能了.2.If water is cold eno ugh,it cha nges to ice.水温降到一定程度就会结成冰.3.There is clue to the identity of the murderer.没有确定窃贼身分地线索.4.Lower temperatures are associated with lower growth rate.5E2RGbCAP温度一降低，生长速度就会慢下来.5.We had barely dropped off to sleep whe n the doorbell bega n to rin g.EanqFDPw 我们刚睡着地时候门铃就响了.6.Mankind has always revere need what Tennyson called "the useful trouble of the rai n".DXDiTa9E3d人类一直以来对Tennyson称为“雨带来地有用地麻烦”怀有敬畏.7.The new rates will apply from 1st January next year, until then the old rates below hold good. RTCrpUDGiT新利率将从明年1月1号开始施行，在此之前以下地旧利率控制良好.age is the only test . I would prefer a phrase that was easy and un affected to a ph rasethat was grammatical. ( W.Somerset.Maugham:Lucidity,Simplicity,Euph on y5PC zVD7HxA语法只是考试用地.比起完全符合语法地词语我更喜欢那些简单而自然地词语.(W.Somerset.Maugham:Lucidity,Simplicity,Euph ony) j LBHrnAiLg9.The determ in ati on of what eleme nt or eleme nts are prese nt in a substa nce is called qualitative an alysis. xHAQX74J0X定性分析是指通过确定物质地构成元素或元素在物质中地呈现方式来确定该物质.10.The Iandscape constantly changes with rolling , densely wooded hills sweeping gl oriously down spectacular green valleys to rich agricultural plains where life continue s as it has done for cen turies L DAYtR y KfE景色随着山峦地起伏而不断变换着，覆盖着浓密森林地山丘一直延伸到肥沃地农业平原，在那里生活如其千百年来地样子延续着.Zzz6ZB2LtkP1021.银行拒绝给该公司提供新地贷款The bank refuses to provide loa n aga in to this company zfvkwMii2.—有新货，我们即与贵方联系We will con tact you as soon as new goods arrive3•随函附上装船单据副本，请查收Attached is the copy of shipp ing docume nts, please check yn14ZNXI4我们相信，你方定会见票即付We believe you will certa inly draw at sight5.请将信用证修改为“在广州议付”Please revise the L/C to negotiate in Gua ngzhod EmxvxOtOco6.如果一方未能执行合同，另一方有权中止本合同If one party fails to con duct the con tract, the other party has the right to termi nate the con tract SixE2yXPq57■很遗憾，我们不能接受你方报盘，你方价格太高，不敢问津I am sorry we cannot accept your offer, your price is too high,we cannot reachit.6ewMyirQFL8•为促成交易，我们认为你们至少得让5%才行For facilitating the deal, we do think you should make at least 5% discoun kavU42VRUs9.我们地支付条款是保兑地、不可撤销地信用证，凭即期汇票支付Our payme nt term is con firmed and irrevocable letter of credit, by sight payme nt. (drawing at sight)y6v3ALoS8910•随函寄上第4567号购物确认书一式两份，请尽快签退一份，以备我方存查We are enclosing order 4567 sales confirmation in duplicate, of which please return one copy to us duly coun tersig ned for our record^2ub6vSTnP1.Between two high cliffs runs a swift stream. 急流飞泻于悬崖之间•2.We shall regard as a pers onal favor any help yOull give Mr. Chadwick. oYujCfmucw任何你将你给予Mr. Chadwick地帮助我们会把它当做人情.3.Capitalism economic system is founded on the principle that competition among bu sin ess firms best serves the n eeds of society.t s8ZQVRd资本主义经济制度建立在企业之间地竞争最好地服务于社会地需求地原则上4.They spoke in smothered whispers, as though the night were listening.(Edith Whara ton : Etha n Frome ) sQsAEJkW5T他们说话地声音低得不能再低，好像怕黑夜也在偷听.5.Like every comma nder , Father expected in sta nt obedie nee , and he wished to dealwith trai ned troops.(Clare nee Day : Life with Father)像每个指挥官一样，父亲期望地是快速地服从，而且他渴望着指挥受过训练地军队.GMslasNXkA6.The island( Ibiza)is steeped in history, having been invaded by many different civilizations, each leaving their own indelible mark.TirRGchYzg伊比沙岛充满历史气息，曾经被许多不同文明入侵，并留下了它们不可磨灭地印记.7.|f you are looking for an oasis from the hustle and bustle of New York,look no further. This deluxe hotel offers impeccable service with the quiet efficiency an Emperor would expect/EqzcWLZNx 如果你想在喧闹繁华地纽约找一处舒适地地方，那么不必找了.这个高级酒店能为您提供皇帝都想要地快捷周到地服务」zq7IGfO2E8.He (Gorge Moore) learned to write sentences that fall away on the ear with a misty Ian guor and it delighted him so much that he could n ever have eno ugh of it.(W.SomersetMaugham:Lucidity,Simplicity, Eupho ny )zvpgeqjihk乔治.摩尔学着写一些听起来朦胧柔情地句子，乐此不疲9.Byzantine art is an acquired taste and probably not one in ten of the visitors has acquired it. They wan der in to the church and look around aimlessly.(Na ncy Mitford:The Water Beetle)Nrpojac3vi 欣赏拜占庭艺术需要一种后天获得地品味，恐怕不到十分之一地游客能拥有它.大多数人漫步在教堂，只是漫无目地地四处张望.1nowfTG4KI10.Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind;it is not a matter of rosy cheeks,red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.(Samuel Ullman :Youth )fjnFLDa5Zo青春不是年华，而是心境；青春不是桃面，丹唇，柔膝，而是深沉地意志，恢宏地想象，炽热地感情；青春是生命地源泉在不息地涌流.tfnNhnE6e5P128试将下列英语句子译成汉语，注意词量地增减1.If once virtue is lost,all is lost丧失了道德，便丧失了一切2.We think the bus in ess mainly depe nds on your price我们认为生意能否成交，主要取决于你方价格3.What we concerned about is the availability of your product HbmVN777sL我们所关心地是能否获得你方供货4.If you confer a ben efit, n ever remember it; if you receive on e,remember it always V7l4jRB8Hs施恩勿记，受恩勿忘5.My work, my family, my friends were more tha n eno ugh to fill my time83ICPA59W9工作啦，家务啦，朋友啦，这些就够我忙地了6.The man was wearing a black suit, a pair if black shoes, a black bears, and a troubledlOOk mZkklkzaaP那人黑衣，黑鞋，黑胡须，黑着一副脸7.Should you fail in your obligatio ns, we shall be compelled to cancel the order AVktR43bpw若你方未能履行义务，我们将被迫撤销订单8.We leave it to you to suggest a soluti on as we have full con fide nee in your fair ness ORjBnOwcEd我们完全信任你方办事公正，故特请你方提出解决方案9.Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread,talked laughed ,proposed health 2MiJTy0dTT男主人一边和客人谈笑、祝酒，一边还要切肉，倒酒，上菜，割面包，忙个不停10.That substa nces expa nd whe n heated and con tract whe n cooled is a com mon physical phe nomenon gIiSpiue7A物质热胀冷缩是个普遍地物理现象试将下列英语句子翻译成汉语，翻译不通顺时，请尝试转换词类1.The wrong power-line connection will damage the motor uEhouiYfmh 电源线接错了，就会损坏发动机2.Ice is not so dense as water and therefore it floats iAg9qLsgBX冰地密度比水地小，因此，冰浮于水3.Those waitresses recruited shall undergo a three-to-six-month probationary period WwghWvVhPE 经录用地女服务员，须试用3-6个月4.Aiming at the promotion of bilateral trade, SINOCHEM and XYZ Trading Co., Ltd. have, through friendly consultation, come to the following agreement asfpsfpi4k为促进双边贸易，中国化工进出口总公司和XYZ贸易有限公司，经友好协商，达成如下协议5.With the purchase of two Boeing-747s, the country ' volume of trade with the United States has reached an all time height ooeyYZTjj1由于购买了2架波音747飞机，该国与美国地贸易额达到了前所未有地高水平6.It is our hope that this order is the first step in the establishme nt of a long and pleasa nt bus in ess relati On ship. BkeGuInkxI我们希望这次订货是建立长期、愉快业务关系地第一步7.Full information as to the prices, quality, quantity available, and other relative particulars wouldbe appreciated PgdO0sRlMo请详告产品价格、质量、可供量和其他有关情况8.Payment term: full settlement of fees shall fall due one month after receipt of thein voice 3cdXwckm15付款条件：在收到发票后地1个月内支付全部费用9.The result of the elect ion was an in dicati on of the great in flue nce of public opinion on stateaffairs h8c52WOngM选举结果表明，舆论对国家事务具有重大影响力10.The very short wave lengths of ultrasound make a great difference in what ordinary sound waves dO v4bdyGious超音波地波长极短，其功能与普通音波地功能大有不同试反面着笔，将下列句子翻译成汉语，注意划线部分1.Your refusal to amend the L/C is equivalent to the cancellation of the order J0bm4qMpj9你方拒绝修改信用证，这无异于取消订单2.Don 'tope n the door till the bus stops车位停稳，请勿开门3.I have read your articles. I expected to meet an older man xvauA9grYP我读过你地文章，没想到你这样年轻4.In the absenee of a settlement through negation, the case under dispute can be submitted to arbitrati on bR9C6TJscw如谈判未能解决，争执之事可提交仲裁5.As soon as you get the lice nse, please don 'fail to cable us pN9LBDdtrd一旦你方获得许可证，请务必来电6.We regret our in ability to accept your claim because the cases, whe n being loaded, left nothingto be desired DJ8T7nHuGT你方索赔歉难接受，因为装船时箱子都完好无缺7.Some of your export commodities are still awash with problems:low technical nature, lower quality and grade QF81D7bvUA我们地某些出口商品仍未摆脱技术含量不高、质量偏低、档次上不去等问题8.People having some experienee in the world of work believe it to be false 4B7a9QFw9h稍有工作经验地人都不会相信那是真地9.Whether we like it or not, all of our fortuned are tied together. We are trulyin terdepe nde nt.(Kartor: A Global Econo my) ix6iFA8xoX不管我们喜欢与否，我们所有人地命运都是相连地.我们真地谁也离不开谁10.We have come to depend on the availability of three principle kinds of transportation: land, sea, andair wt6qbkCyDE我们越来越离不开3种基本地运输方式，即海、陆、空运输.试综合运用各种翻译技巧，将下列句子翻译成汉语，特别注意划线部分地处理1.Permission to reproduce articles, either in full or in part must be obtained from the editor Kp5zH46zRk无论是复制整篇还是部分文章，都必须取得作者地许可2.The mon keys were trained accord ing to differe nt pla ns so as to make them highly individualized Yl4HdOAA61根据不同地方案去训练猴子使之高度个性化3.No young man believes he shall ever die. There is a feeling of Eternity in youth, which make us amend for everything. ch4PJx4Bii没有年轻人觉得自己会死去，年轻时都有一种永恒地感觉，这使我们能改变一切4.Evidently he had the first quality of an angler, which is not to measure the pleasure by the catch qd3YfhxCzo很明显他具备一个钓鱼者地优秀品质，即不以钓到地鱼多少来衡量钓鱼地乐趣5.We are ready to have the cloth returned, carriage forward,but should you find it expedient to useit, we could offer you an allowance of 12 percent E836L11DO5我们已经准备好去把布料回收回来，车辆已经出发了，但是如果你觉得它们使用起来方便，我们会提供给你一个12%地补贴.6.Some writers who do not think clearly are inclined to suppose that their thoughts have a significance greater than at first sight appears(W.Somerset Maugham : Lucidity, Simplicity, Euphony) S42ehLvE3M一些无法清晰表达思想地作者会当然地认为他们地思想要比乍一看上去地表象深刻得多.7.Nor do i teach because i think i know an swers, or because i have kno wledge i feel compelled to share. Sometimesi am amazed that my students actually take notes on what i say in Class501nNvZFis我教书不是因为我知道答案，也不是因为我有知识迫切需要分享.有时我会吃惊地发现学生把我在课堂上说地话也记下来了jW1viftGw98.Somehow our path took us toward the park, across the footbridge high above the rolling waters of the Los Angeles River.(Nancy J Rigg: A Valentine to One Who Cared Too Much) xSODOYWHLP 不知不觉地我们沿着小径一路走着，穿过了步行桥，桥下是湍急地河水9.Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterize all the In dustrial Revolutio n.(J. Bron owski: The Asce nt of Man) LOZMkIqI0w在修建英国运河网地过程中，有两点是非常突出地，这两点是整个工业革命地特点10.lt (Fowler' Dictionary of Modern English Usage)is a valuable work. I do not think anyone writes so well can not learn much from it.(W.Somerset Maugham : Lucidity, Simplicity, Euphony) ZKZUQsUJed福勒地《现代英语用法辞典》是一本很有价值地书.我认为，任何人，无论文章写得多好，也会从中得到许多益处.dGY2mcoKtT11.I honestly didn 'tcare (whether i could go to college). I wished she would just forget the whole thing.(Gerald Moore: The Day Mother Cried ) rCYbSWRLIA说实话，我不在乎能否上大学，只希望她完全忘了这件事12.1 remember my childhood n ames for grasses and secret flowers. I remember where a toad may live and what time the birds awaken in the summer----and what trees and seasons smelled like---how people looked and walked and smelled even. The memory of odors is very rich.(John Stei nbeck: East of Ede n) FyXjoFiMWh我记得儿时给各种小草和隐蔽地小花取地名字，我记得蟾蜍可能栖息在哪儿，夏天鸟儿什么时候醒来，以及树木在四季散发地味道，我甚至记得人们地表情，走姿以及身上地味道.记忆中地味道是那么地丰富.TuWrUpPObXP1791.请告贵公司贸易条款2.承蒙大力推销我方拖鞋，不胜感激！3.请将些列货品尽快寄至上述地址，谢谢4.兹通知，标题货物已于昨日有“和平”轮装出5.现随寄我方销售合同第HN38号一式两份，请查收6.请托运人特别注意本提单内与该货保险效力有关地免责事项和条款7.现另邮我方最新产品目录及价目单.希望价格和质量均适合你方需要8.承蒙建议做我方代理，但因我们之间尚不十分熟悉，不如待日后做开交易，在谈此事为宜9.贵公司2005年8月31日地传真函敬悉.感谢你们合作地诚意，我厂将以积极地态度早日促成合作地到来10.兹附上我方第5368号形式发票一式两份；计500辆“永久”牌自行车，1993年10月交货.务请注意，该形式发票有效期至1993年9月1日止.7qWAq9jPqE1.While we appreciate what you stated in your letter of Dec.22, we regret that it is impossible to supply bitter apricot kern els for the time being. iiviWTNQFk感谢贵方12月22日来函，但遗憾地是，我们目前暂不能提供苦杏仁.2.We should be obliged if you would let us have some n ames and addresses of likely importers of good standing from among your customers together with brief credit reports on them. yhUQsDgR" 如蒙告知贵行客户中可靠地进口商号及地址，并附其资信报告，我们将不胜感激3.We have received your letter of 2 nd March,with a price-list of your products enclosedtherei n.MduzYnKS8i3月2日来函及所附贵厂产品价目单均获悉.4.We have pleased to inform you that we have booked shipping space for our Order No.4256 of chemical fertilizer on S.S Peacd' with ETA the 15th May. 09T7t6eTno兹通知，我方4265号化肥订单舱位订妥，由“和平”号装运，该轮预计5月15日抵达.5.The smallest order we can fill for the goods is 1000 yards.we are in a position to offer up to 25%discount depending on the size of your order. e5TfZQIU B5该货起订量为1000码，根据订单大小，我们看提供高达25%地折扣.6.Enclosed are our latest catalogs and price-list. Please note that the prices are much lower than those of other competitors,because we manu facture the goods ourselves and export direct to you, not through any middlemen. s1SovAcVQM 随函附寄最新目录和价目单.请注意，我方货物系自己生产，且不通过任何中间商直接出口，故价格比其他竞争者均优惠.GXRw1kFW5s7.Herewith we have pleasure in handing you an order for immediate shipme nt if 100 bales ofMerino Wool. UT R Ex49Xj9兹寄上本公司订单，请立即发运100包“美利奴”羊毛.8.Claims , if any, must be made with in 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the dest in ati on,after which no claims will be entertained. 8PQN3NDYyP万一发生索赔，必须于货到目地地30天内提出，过期不予受理.9.Thank you very much for your letter of June 5 with samples and price-list. We have made our choice and take pleasure in enclosing our Order No.368. mLPVzx7ZNw6月5日函、样品盒价目单均收到，谢谢.我们业已选妥，并随附368号订单.10.We should appreciate your sending us a catalog of your Rubber Boots together with terms of payme nt and the latest disco unt you can allow. AHP35hB02d请寄橡胶鞋目录一份，并注明付款条件及最大折扣版权申明本文部分内容，包括文字、图片、以及设计等在网上搜集整理. 版权为个人所有This article includes someparts, including text, pictures,and desig n. Copyright is pers onal own ership. NDOcB141gT 用户可将本文地内容或服务用于个人学习、研究或欣赏，以及其他非商业性或非盈利性用途，但同时应遵守著作权法及其他相关法律地规定，不得侵犯本网站及相关权利人地合法权利.除此以外，将本文任何内容或服务用于其他用途时，须征得本人及相关权利人地书面许可，并支付报酬.1zOk7Ly2vAUsers may use the contents or services of this articlefor pers onal study, research or appreciati on, and other non-commercial or non-profit purposes, but at the same time, they shall abide by the provisi ons of copyright law and other releva nt laws, and shall n ot infringe upon the legitimate rights of this website and its releva nt obligees. In additi on, whenany content or service of this article is used for other purposes, writte n permissi on and remun erati on shall be obta ined from the pers on concerned and the releva nt obligee. fuNsDv23Kh转载或引用本文内容必须是以新闻性或资料性公共免费信息为使用目地地合理、善意引用，不得对本文内容原意进行曲解、修改，并自负版权等法律责任• tqMB9ew4YXReproducti on or quotatio n of the content of this articlemust be reas on able and good-faith citati on for the use of n ews or in formative public free in formatio n. It shall notmisinterpret or modify the original intention of the contentof this article, and shall bear legal liability such as copyright. HmMJFY05dE。

浙江省2019年4月高等教育自学考试翻译试题课程代码：10050I.词语翻译20％1.将下列词语译为汉语：1）fellow countrymen 2）artery3）harmony 4）labor intensive industry5）fiancé6）toilet novelties7）profile of mountain 8）internal combustion engine9）strip mining 10）dialectical2.将下列词语译为英语：11）手语12）卖国贼13）故宫14）水产品15）井冈山16）祥林嫂17）腊月二十三18）可持续发展19）有限责任公司20）自强不息Ⅱ.改错题10％下列单句译文有差错，请加以改正。

1.原文：The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle that covered the porch, and fell on my upturned face.译文: 午后的阳光透过门廊上覆盖着的厚厚一层忍冬，落在我微微仰着的脸上。

2.原文：Yet there was a bigger movement in the air by 1750.译文：然而，到了1750年，一场更大的运动已经在空中。

3.原文：Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan.译文：古埃及的坟墓和寺庙跟着尼罗河一直深入到苏丹。

4.原文：But British exports range far beyond services, important as they are.译文：由于出口在英国占重要地位，英国的出口已远远超出了服务业。

5.原文：You must not expect that they will enjoy your company.译文：你决不要指望他们会欣赏你的公司。

中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译定语从句的翻译1.将下列含有限制性定语从句的复合句译成汉语：1. Everything that is around us is matter. 我们周围的一切都是物质2. He is the only one among us that knows French. 他是我们中唯一懂法语的人..3. I know the reason why he came late. 我知道他来迟的原因..4. Certain ideas; principles; and laws often form the foundation on which other ideas; principles and laws of a science are constructed. 一些思想、原则和法律往往会成为其他思想、原则和法律赖以形成的基础..5. Stainless steels must contain a minimum of 10% chromium. This is the reason why they are stainless. 不锈钢至少要含有10%的铬;这就是不锈钢不生锈的原因..6. Electrical energy that is supplied to a lamp can be turned into light energy. 供照明的电能可以转化为光能..7. An electric field is a space where an electric force exists. 电场就是电力存在的空间..8. The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired. 屋顶坏了的房子现在已经修好..9. Shanghai is the place where he was born. 上海是他出生的地方..10. The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手下工作的人对他怕的要死..11. The force that causes everything to fall toward the ground is called gravity. 使所有物体落向地面的力称为重力..12. Substances which allow electricity to flow through freely are called conductors. 电流能顺利通过的物体称为导体..13. The car whose engine broke down was bought last month. 发动机坏掉的那辆车是上个月买的..14. A rocket engine can work in space where there is no air. 火箭发动机能在没有空气的太空中工作..15. We could not really feel satisfied; calm or in agreement with the situation with which we are faced at the beginning of this session of the General Assembly. 我们对本界联大开始时所面临的局势难以感到满意;也难以感到心安理得..16. They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which; in the past; many Chinese have laid down their lives. 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力;这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的;在过去;许多中国人曾为这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命.. 17. He unselfishly contributed his uncommon talents and indefatigable spirit to the struggle which today brings those aims within the reach of a majority of the human race. 他把自己非凡的才智和不倦的精力无私地献给了这种斗争;这种斗争今天以使人类中大多数人可以达到这些目标..18. He said there was never anything happening in his family he was ashamed of. 他说他们家可从来没有出现过见不得人的事儿..19. There is a man downstairs who wants to see you. 楼下有人要见你..20. There are some countries in the world where there is little rain at any time.世界上有些国家终年少雨..2.将下列含有非限制性定语从句的复合句译成汉语：1. Silver is a conductor; which allows electric current to flow easily. 银是一种导体;它可以让电流很容易地通过..2. Days and nights are very long on the moon; where one day is as long as two weeks on the earth. 月球上的白天和黑夜都相当长;那里的一天等于地球上的两周..3. Metals are very strong and can be made into any required shapes; which makes it possible to be widely used in industry. 金属坚硬;又可加工成任何所需的形状;这使它能在工业上得以广泛应用..4. Transistors; which are small in size; can make previously large and bulky radios light and small. 体积小的晶体管使先前那种大而苯的收音机变得既轻又小..前置5. He liked his sister; who was warm and pleasant; but he did not like his brother; who was aloof and arrogant. 他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹;而不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥哥..前置6. You can break up a beam of incoherent light with a prism; which is made of glass. 你能用玻璃制的棱镜分解一束非相干光..前置7. Mr Smith; who came to see me yesterday; is a relative of my wife&8217;s. 史密斯先生昨天来看过我;他是我妻子的亲戚..独立句8. Machine tools have various uses; one of which is to make holes in metal. 机床有多种用途;其中之一是在金属上钻孔..后置9. After dinner; four key negotiators resumed their talks; which continued well into the night. 饭后;四个主要谈判人物再继续进行会谈;一直谈到深夜..10. Like charges repel; but opposite ones attract; which is one of the fundamental laws of electricity. 同性电荷相斥;异性电荷相吸;这是电的基本法则之一11. She has two brothers; who are both doctors. 她有两个兄弟..他们都是医生..独立句12. We will put off the party until next week; when we won&8217;t be so busy. 我们把聚会推迟到下星期..那时我们不会这样忙..独立句13. Semi&8211;conductor is a new kind of material; which has founda wide use in electronic industry. 半导体是一种新型材料;已广泛应用于电子工业..14. There are some new terms in the article; the meanings of which may be difficult to the students. 这篇文章中有些新的术语;它们的意思可能使学生感到困难..15. Galileo; who made the first telescope; died in 1624. 伽利略死于1642年;他制造了第一架望远镜..16. The most important form of energy is electric energy; which is widely used in our daily life. 电能是最重要的能量形式;它广泛用于我们的日常生活中..17. Burgess and Richard Hoagland contacted Carl Sagan; who greeted the idea enthusiastically. 伯吉斯和理查德.霍格兰同卡尔.萨根取得了联系;卡尔满腔热情地接受了这个想法..18. He had talked to Nixon; who assured him that everything that could be done would be done. 他和尼克松谈过话..尼克松向他保证;凡是能够做到的都会竭尽全力去做..19. Once was a violent thunderstorm; the worst I had ever seen; which obscured my objective. 有一次是暴风骤雨;是我平生见到最猛烈的..这阵暴风雨遮住了我的目标..20. Electronic computers; which make it possible to free man from the labour of complex measurements and computations; have found wide application in engineering. 电子计算机在工程技术上已获得广泛应用;它使人可能摆脱复杂的测量和计算工作..3.将下列含兼有状语职能的定语从句的复合句译成汉语：1. Congress; which had met to continue its protests to the Crown; found itself raising an army and selecting George Washington as itscommander in chief. 代表大会先前已集会决定继续向英皇提抗议;而现在则发展到募集军队并推选乔治.华盛顿为总司令了..2. Atoms; which are very; very small; can be broken down into still smaller particles. 原子虽然很小很小;但仍能分解成更小的粒子..3. We have to oil the moving parts of the machine; the friction of which may be greatly reduced. 我们必须给机器的传动部分加油;以便使摩擦大大减少..4. Men became desperate for work; any work; which will help them to keep alive their families. 人们极其迫切地要求工作;只要它能维持一家人的生活就行..5. However; iceberg water could be extremely cheap for some countries when compared with desalination; a process which requires much more fuel and much more money. 不过;对某些国家来讲;用冰山化水与海水脱盐相比;冰山化水的费用可能极为便宜;因为脱盐过程需要更多燃料和更多的资金..6. An automatic production line is excellent for the automotive industry where thousands of identical parts are produced. 自动生产线最适用于汽车工业;因为那里要生产成千上万个同样的零件..7. Rubber is a light; elastic; durable and water-resistant material; which makes rubber industry very important. 橡胶是一种质轻、富有弹性、经久耐用和防水的材料;因此橡胶工业十分重要..8. John; whose wife is ill; cannot come to the party. 约翰不能来参加聚会;他妻子病了..9. The computer; which seems to play the role of a human brain; is often called an electronic brain. 由于电子计算机似乎起着类似人脑的作用;所以常被称作电脑..10. Behaviourists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. 行为主义者认为;如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境中成长;而这些刺激物能够发展其作出适当反应的能力;那么这个儿童将会有更高的智力发展..11. Matter has certain features or properties that enable us to recognize it easily. 物质具有一定的特征或特性;因此能使我们很容易地识别出来..12. Potential energy that is not so obvious as kinetic energy exists in many things. 虽然势能不象动能那样明显;但它存在于许多动物之中..13. There is a minimum size for the reactor at which the chain reaction will just work . 反应堆有一个最起码的尺寸;以使链式反应正好维持下去..14. The remainder of the atom from which one or more electrons are removed must be positively charged. 如果从原子中移走一个或多个电子;则该原子的其余部分必定带正电..15. A gas occupies all of any container in which it is placed. 无论将气体装在什么容器里;它都会把容器充满..16. Mechanical energy is changed into electric energy; which in turn is changed into mechanical energy. 机械能转变为电能;而电能又转变为机械能..17. Man can not live on the moon; where there is no air and water. 人不能在月球上住;那里没有空气和水..18. World war II was; however; more complex than World War I; which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets; resources and territories. 第一次世界大战是帝国主义列强之间争夺市场、资源和领土的冲突;而第二次世界大战却比第一次复杂..表原因19. They tried to stamp out the revolt; which spread all the more furiously throughout the country. 他们企图扑灭反抗;结果反抗愈加猛烈;遍及全国..译成结果状语从句20. My assistant; who had carefully read through the instructions before doing his experiment; could not obtain satisfactory results; because he followed them mechanically. 虽然我的助手在实验以前从头到尾地阅读过说明书;但由于他死搬硬套还是未能得到满意的结果..译成让步状语从句4.将下列句子翻译成汉语：1. In a dispute between two states with which one is friendly; trynot to get involved. 当两国发生争端时;如与两国友好;第三国则力避卷入..译成条件状语从句2. Miniaturization 小型化 means making things small in size; which is of great importance for the development of the electronics industry. 小型化意味着缩小东西的尺寸;这对电子工业的发展极为重要..3. This is a machine which is assembled of its separate components. 这是一台由一些单独的部件装配起来的机器..4. The current is in the same direction as the motion of the positive particles is. 电流方向与带正电的粒子运动的方向相同..5. As we have seen in an earlier unit; the greater this difference in temperature is; the faster the heat will flow. 正如我们在先前一个单元中所看到的;温差越大;热传输越快..6. Elizabeth was determined to make no effort for conversation witha woman; who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable. 伊丽莎白不肯再和这样一个女人说话;这个女人现在异常无礼;十分令人反感..译成并列句;重译先行词7. The element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substance by chemical means. 元素是一种物质;这种物质不能用一般的化学方法再分裂成更为简单的物质..译成并列句;重译先行词8. Perhaps light is some sort of electric wave; whose nature we do not yet understand.也许;光是某种电波;其性质我们尚不清楚..9. Iron; which is not so strong as steel; finds wide application. 尽管铁的强度不如钢;但它仍有广泛的用途..10. They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which; in the past; many Chinese have laid down their lives. 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力;这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的;在过去;许多中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命..11. It is in line with the Charter; which recognizes the value of regional efforts to solve problems and settle disputes. 它符合宪章精神;因为宪章承认由地区进行排解纠纷的作用..译成原状语从句12. He did not remember his father who died when he was three years old. 他三岁丧父;所以记不起父亲..13. What&8217;s the time you usually go to bed 你通常什么时候睡觉14. There are many people who want to see the film. 许多人要看这部电影..15. He insisted on buying another coat; which he had no use for. 他坚持要再买一件上衣;虽然他并不用得着..16. Her hair is the same colour as her mother&8217;s . 她的头发和她母亲的头发一样颜色..17. There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day fora month. 在那群人当中;有些人每天站在那里;站了一个月..18. Those who are in favour please hold up their hands. 如果赞成;就请举手..19. Strength; hardness and plasticity 可塑性 of metals are the properties that make them so useful for industry. 金属具有强度、硬度和可塑性;这些性能使它们在工业上得到广泛应用..20. They know the hours when restaurants put their leftovers 吃剩的食物 in the garbage cans where they search for food. 他们知道饭店什么时候将残羹剩饭倒进垃圾桶;他们在那里寻找食物..21. Good clocks have pendulums 钟摆 which are automatically compensated for temperature changes. 好钟的钟摆可以自动补偿温度变化造成的影响..22. Power is equal to work divided by the time; as has been said before. 如前所述;功率等于功除以时间..23. The day will come when man can make full use of solar energy. 人类总有一天会充分利用太阳能..24. There was something original; independent; and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. 这个方案富于创造性;独出心裁;很有魅力;所以他们都很喜欢..25. The products of science are ideas which can be applied in helping to understand new experiences. 科学的结果形成概念;这些概念可用来理解新的经历..26. A floating object displaces an amount of water whose weightequals that of the object. 浮体排开一定量的水;其重量相当于该浮体的重量..27. The time when man can make use of atomic energy has come. 人类能够利用原子能的时候已经来到了..28. Here we shall discuss only such factors as may cause distortions of the signal. 这里我们将讨论的只是可能引起信号失真的那些因素..29. Air moves from places where the pressure is high to places where the pressure is low. 空气从压力高的地方向压力低的地方移动..30. To make an atomic bomb we have to use uranium 235; in which all the atoms are available for fission. 制造原子弹必须用铀235;因为它的所有原子都可以裂变..。

把下列句子翻译成现代汉语
把下列句子翻译成现代汉语。

答案解析
1. 【答案】
太子和知道这件事的宾客，都穿着白衣，戴着白帽给他送行。

【解析】
太子及宾客知其事者，定语后置，应为“太子及知其事者宾客”；白衣冠，穿白衣载白帽，译文：太子和知道这件事的宾客，都穿着白衣，戴着白帽给他送行。

2. 【答案】
项伯于是在夜里骑马到了沛公（刘邦）的军营中，私下去见了张良，把（项羽的）计划全告诉了张良。

【解析】
夜，名词作状语，在夜里；之，到…去；私，私下。

句子译为：项伯于是在夜里骑马到了沛公（刘邦）的军营中，私下去见了张良，把（项羽的）计划全告诉了张良。

本题考查文言文翻译能力．翻译的基本方法：直译为主，意译为辅．具体方法：“留”，就是保留，保留一些不需要翻译的名词．“删”，就是删除，删除无须译出的文言虚词．“补”，就是增补，补充省略的成分．“换”，就是替换，用现代词汇替换古代词汇．“调”调整，把古汉语倒装句调整为现代汉语句式．“变”，就是变通，在忠于原文的基础上，活译有关文字．。

一、阅读下列文言文短句，将其翻译成现代汉语。

1. 故天将降大任于是人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。

2. 师道之不传也久矣！欲人之无惑也难矣！3. 夫妻者，人之大伦也。

如乐之和，不可失和也。

4. 子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？”5. 楚人三闾大夫，忠而不用，忧愁幽思，而作《离骚》。

二、翻译要求：1. 翻译要准确、通顺，力求做到“信、达、雅”。

2. 保留原文中的专有名词、地名、官职等。

3. 对于省略、倒装等特殊句式，要适当添加或调整。

三、答案：1. 所以，上天将要降下重大的责任在这样的人身上，一定要先使他的心志受到磨炼，使他的筋骨受到劳累，使他的身体受到饥饿，使他身处贫困之中，使他的所作所为受到干扰，这样来使他的内心受到震撼，使他的性格变得坚韧，增加他原来不具备的能力。

2. 从前，关于师道的传承已经很久没有了！想要让人们没有疑惑是很困难的！3. 夫妻关系，是人们非常重要的伦理关系。

就像音乐的和声一样，不能失去和谐。

4. 孔子说：“学习并且时常温习，不是很愉快吗？有朋友从远方来，不是很快乐吗？别人不了解我，我却不生气，这不也是君子吗？”5. 楚国的大夫屈原，忠诚却不被任用，忧虑忧愁，思考深奥的问题，因此创作了《离骚》。

四、注意事项：1. 在翻译过程中，要注意理解文言文中的实词、虚词的含义，以及句子的结构。

2. 要注意文言文的语法特点，如省略、倒装等。

3. 在翻译时，要尽量保持原文的风格和韵味，使翻译后的句子通顺、流畅。

将下列句子译成汉语：（1）T hey told me that Professor Liu would have been teaching here twenty years by this winter.（2）H is being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.（3）I could have laughed to hear him talk like this.（4）B ob Newhart’s popularity as an actor and stand-up comedian led to his casting in a number of motion pictures, with some of the biggest film stars in Hollywood, and of course, as the cartoon voice of Bernard the mouse.参考译文：（1）他们说到今年冬天时刘教授在这里教书要满20年了。

<分析> “They told me”译成“他们说”，或“他们告诉我”。

“would have been teaching here for twenty years”是过去将来完成进行时，译成汉语必须加字，译成“快要满20年了”，较好地表达了英语通过词形变化所要表达的意思。

（2）主人对他的冷淡使他更加不舒服。

<分析>上句英语涉及时态、语态、格及词缀等形态变化，汉语虽缺少这些变化，但可以用自身优势表达同样的意思。

（3）听到他这样讲话，我差点笑出来了。

<分析> “could have done”表示过去有可能发生的动作没有发生，英语通过词形变化表达了这样的意思。

译成汉语时采用了两个手段：一是加了“差点”，二是借助于隐含意义。

（4）作为演员和笑星，鲍勃.纽哈特人气颇旺。

浙江省2018年7月高等教育自学考试翻译试题课程代码：10050请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上Ⅰ.词语翻译20％1.将下列词语译为汉语：1）old bum 6）whim2）Newton 7）a delighted giggle3）average annual rainfall 8）warm-blooded animal4）merge 9）lobby5）wisdom born of experience 10）welcoming banquet2.将下列词语译为英语：11）福利工厂16）小叔子12）北洋军阀政府17）工头13）文物18）行使主权14）基本方针19）章程15）郁金香20）社会生产力Ⅱ.改错题10％下列单句译文有差错，请加以改正，并将正确的译文写在答题纸上。

1. 原文：从此以后，我就特别注意聋哑人的特征。

译文：Since then, I have paid special attention to the characteristics of deaf mutes.2. 原文：Some six million head of cattle were driven up from Texas to winter on the high plainsof Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana.译文：有六百万头牛从得州放牧到科罗拉多、怀俄明、蒙大拿等地的高原上。

3. 原文：Yet the Nile has been changed by modern man in a way not yet fully understood.译文：然而，现代人却以一种连他们自己也不完全明白的方式使尼罗河发生了变化。

4. 原文：Since 1978, an average growth rate of almost 10% a year has seen China’s GNP nearlyquadruple.译文：自1978年以来，中国经济以年均近10%的速度增长，使其国内生产总值几乎增长了四倍。

翻译练习一（英译汉）：一、将下列句子译成汉语：1. It's more a poem than a picture.2. He drank himself out of the best lines.3. He pretends to be as modest as anything.4. Fire goes wherever it can, but it prefers to follow a draft.5. The room was easily traced by the noise that was coming from it.6. Taking care to pitch my voice to politeness, I asked about the next bus to Hattiesburg.7. If you feel depressed at a social gathering, keep it a secret.8. The bacteria pneumonia may complicate influenza at both extremes of age.9. He wants a lawyer who understands his case, who sympathizes with him and who has been there himself.10. World-famous for his works he was never personally well known, forthroughout his life he avoided publicity.11. She couldn't have come at a better time.12. She has been a widow only six months.13. I believe the speech was needlessly stubborn.14. The Macedonian argument has a Greek dimension too.15. The Englishman feels no less deeply than any other nationality.16. From a physical standpoint, there ought to be as many colours asthere are different wave lengths.17. But the next century we'll be able to alter our DNA radically,encoding our visions and vanities while concocting new life-forms.18. As a human being, we should demonstrate our intellectual andmoral superiority by respecting others for who they are -- instead of rejecting them for who/what they are not.19. He who idles away the time is nothing but a living death.20. No greater misfortune befalls a country than to be governed by atyrant.21. He had a disconcerting habit of expressing contradictory ideas inrapid succession.22. The expectation of collision informed British frontier policy in thisperiod.23. Every day now, the suppression of truth and the organizing ofpublic ignorance shame journalism.24. I walked to the ticket counter. When the ticket-seller saw me, herotherwise attractive face turned sour, violently so.25. Accident may put a decisive blunderer in the right, but eternaldefeat and miscarriage must attend the man of the best parts, if cursed with indecision.26. In their rush, these companies have neglected the hardest part ofdoing business in China: the people part. The result is that many have jeopardized their performance in the long run.27. Let it deceive them, then, a little longer; it can not deceive them toomuch.28. We shall never get anywhere with all the criticism and fault finding. Ibelieve in the principle "Live and let live".29. He said that no one could beat him at tennis, but he had to eat hisword after losing several games.30. I had read too many novels and had learned too much at school not toknow a good deal about love.31. In fact, one office-system expert recently said that he had yet toencounter a business work place that was functioning at more than 60 percent efficiency.32. Nobody with any sense expects to find the whole truth inadvertisement any more than he expects a man applying for a job to describe his shortcomings and serious faults.33. There is probably no better way for a foreigner (or an Englishman) toappreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it.34. We are human and human beings are far from perfect. To be humanimplies that we will make mistakes. But it's more than that we feel human. We now feel entitled.35. She showered us with telegrams.36. Your comment is more bravely made than correct.37. The man, more dead than alive, was brought in and locked in thecellar.38. Civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject toproof.39. There was something original, independent, and heroic about the planthat pleased all of them.40. It was a dry, cold hand, and the grip was severe, with more a feelingof bones in it than friendliness.二、将下列语段译成汉语：1.Transplant surgeons work miracles. They take organs from one body and integrate them into another, granting the lucky recipient a longer, better life. Sadly, every year thousands of other people are less fortunate, dying while they wait for suitable organs to be found. The terrible constraint on organ transplantation is that every life extended depends on the death of someone young enough and healthy enough to have organs worth transplanting. Such donors are few. The waiting lists are long, and getting longer.2.Freedom from this constraint is the dream of every transplant surgeon. So far attempts to make artificial organs have been disappointing: nature is hard to mimic. Hence the renewed interest in trying to use organs from animals.3.Doctors in India have just announced that they have successfully transplanted a heart from a pig into a person. Pressure to increase the number of such xenotransplants（异种器官移植）seems to be growing. In Europe and America, herds of pigs are being specially bred and genetically engineered for organ donation. During 1996 at least two bigreports on the subject -- one in Europe and one in America -- were published. They agreed that xenotransplants were permissible on ethical grounds，and cautiously recommended that they be allowed. America's Food and Drug Administration has already published draft guidelines for xenotransplantation.4.The ethics of xenotransplantation are relatively unworrying. People already kill pigs both for food and for sport; killing them to save a human life seems, if anything, easier to justify.However, the science of xenotransplantation is much less straightforward.5.I'll never forget the feeling I got one winter night as I walked the deserted streets after many grueling hours at the hospital. I suddenly realized that I no longer felt tense or tired. All the worries about my patients' illnesses, as well as my own personal cares, seemed to evaporate as quickly as the smoky vapor of my breath in the frosty night.As I incorporated walking into my schedule, not only were my spirits lifted, but my weight and blood pressure were gradually reduced. I began reviewing the medical literature on walking. From this research, and my clinical observations as a family physician, I found that it is possible to walk your way to better health, a trimmer body and a longer life -- no matter what your age.（翻译练习一英译汉）参考答案：一、将下列句子译成汉语：1. 与其说那是一幅画，不如说那是一首诗。

1 翻译练习一英译汉一、将下列句子译成汉语1. Its more a poem than a picture. 2. He drank himself out of the best lines. 3. He pretends to be as modest as anything. 4. Fire goes wherever it can but it prefers to follow a draft. 5. The room was easily traced by the noise that was coming from it. 6. Taking care to pitch my voice to politeness I asked about the next bus to Hattiesburg. 7. If you feel depressed at a social gathering keep it a secret. 8. The bacteria pneumonia may complicate influenza at both extremes of age. 9. He wants a lawyer who understands his case who sympathizes with him and who has been there himself. 10. World-famous for his works he was never personally well known for throughout his life he avoided publicity. 11. She couldnt have come at a better time.12. She has been a widow only six months. 13. I believe the speech was needlessly stubborn. 14. The Macedonian argument has a Greek dimension too. 15. The Englishman feels no less deeply than any other nationality. 16. From a physical standpoint there ought to be as many colours as there are different wave lengths. 2 17. But the next century well be able to alter our DNA radically encoding our visions and vanities while concocting new life-forms. 18. As a human being we should demonstrate our intellectual and moral superiority by respecting others for who they are -- instead of rejecting them forwho/what they are not. 19. He who idles away the time is nothing but a living death. 20. No greater misfortune befalls a country than to be governed by a tyrant. 21. He had a disconcerting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession. 22. The expectation of collision informed British frontier policy in this period. 23. Every day now the suppression of truth and the organizing of public ignorance shame journalism. 24. I walked to the ticket counter. When the ticket-seller saw me her otherwise attractive face turned sour violently so. 25. Accident may put a decisive blunderer in the right but eternal defeat and miscarriage must attend the man of the best parts if cursed with indecision. 26. In their rush these companies have neglected the hardest part of doing business in China: the people part. The result is that many have jeopardized their performance in the long run. 27. Let it deceive them then a little longer it can not deceive them too much. 28. We shall never get anywhere with all the criticism and fault finding. I 3 believe in the principle quotLive and let livequot. 29. He said that no one could beat him at tennis but he had to eat his word after losing several games. 30. I had read too many novels and had learned too much at school not to know a good deal about love. 31. In fact one office-system expert recently said that he had yet to encounter a business work place that was functioning at more than 60 percent efficiency. 32. Nobody with any sense expects to find the whole truth in advertisement any more than he expects a man applying for a job to describe his shortcomings and serious faults. 33. There is probably no better way for a foreigner or an Englishman to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it. 34. We are human and human beings are far from perfect. To be human implies that we will make mistakes. But its more than that we feel human. We now feel entitled. 35. She showered us with telegrams. 36. Your comment is more bravely made than correct. 37. The man more dead than alive was brought in and locked in the cellar. 38. Civility is not a sign of weakness and sincerity is always subject to proof. 39. There was something original independent and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. 4 40. It was a dry cold hand and the grip was severe with more a feeling of bones in it than friendliness. 二、将下列语段译成汉语1. Transplant surgeons work miracles. They take organs from one body and integrate them into another granting the lucky recipient a longer better life.Sadly every year thousands of other people are less fortunate dying while they wait for suitable organs to be found. The terrible constraint on organ transplantation is that every life extended depends on the death of someone young enough and healthy enough to have organs worth transplanting. Such donors are few. The waiting lists are long and getting longer. 2. Freedom from this constraint is the dream of every transplant surgeon. So far attempts to make artificial organs have been disappointing: nature is hard to mimic. Hence the renewed interest in trying to use organs from animals. 3. Doctors in India have just announced that they have successfully transplanted a heart from a pig into a person. Pressure to increase the number of such xenotransplants异种器官移植seems to be growing. In Europe and America herds of pigs are being specially bred and genetically engineered for organ donation. During 1996 at least two big 5 reports on the subject -- one in Europe and one in America -- were published. They agreed that xenotransplants were permissible on ethical groundsand cautiously recommended that they be allowed. Americas Food and Drug Administration has already published draft guidelines for xenotransplantation. 4. The ethics of xenotransplantation are relatively unworrying. People already kill pigs both for food and for sport killing them to save a human life seems if anything easier to justify. However the science of xenotransplantation is much less straightforward. 5. Ill never forget the feeling I got one winter night as I walked the deserted streets after many grueling hours at the hospital. I suddenly realized that I no longer felt tense or tired. All the worries about my patients illnesses as well as my own personal cares seemed to evaporate as quickly as the smoky vapor of my breath in the frosty night. As I incorporated walking into my schedule not only were my spirits lifted but my weight and blood pressure were gradually reduced. I began reviewing the medical literature on walking. From this research and my clinical observations as a family physician I found that it is possible to walk your way to better health a trimmer body and a longer life -- no matter what your age. 6 翻译练习一英译汉参考答案一、将下列句子译成汉语 1. 与其说那是一幅画不如说那是一首诗。

第一章翻译标准与英汉对比请翻译下列句子。

1.Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me?2.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewedand digested.3.That government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perishfrom the earth.4.学得有趣，效率就会高；学得辛苦，效率就低。

5.请旅客在此填写报关表格。

6.认识错误，才能改正错误。

7.西部地域辽阔，交通不发达，首先要进行基础设施的建设。

作业答案：1.我有个问题不懂，想请教你，你能回答吗？（形合转为意合；化整为零）2.书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则需咀嚼消化。

（被动译成具有主动形式的简化被动态）3.这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。

（化静为动）4.Learning is more efficient when it is fun, less efficient when it is drudgery. （意合转为形合；化零为整）5.Passengers are requested to fill in the customs declaration form here. （为使语气更委婉，主动变被动）6.Mistakes must be perceived before they can be corrected. (为加强上下文的连贯性，主动变被动)7.Since the western region covers a vast area with poor transportfacilities/transportation, we should first of all conduct infrastructure construction.(意合转为形合；化零为整)请将下列句子翻译成英文。

一、把下列专业名词翻译成汉语1、Eyespot眼斑病2、Wireworms金针虫3、captan克菌丹4、Seedcorn Maggot种蝇（种蛆）5、European Chafer欧（洲）金龟6、metalaxyl甲霜灵7、Pupate化蛹8、Fall Armyworm草地粘虫9、Anthracnose炭疽病10、Herbicide杀虫剂二、把下列专业名词翻译成英语1、瓢虫ladybird beetle2、普通锈病common rust3、接种体inoculums4、病原体pathogen5、咖啡锈病coffee rust6、露尾甲Sap Beetles7、缢管蚜Leaf Aphids 8、玉米螟European Corn Borer9、小地老虎Black Cutworm 10、禾本科牧草灰斑病Grey Leaf Spot三、翻译短句1. Seedcorn beetles are small, brown ground beetles, less than 1 cm long。

豆象是小型，土棕色的甲虫，体长不到1cm。

2. Eggs are deposited in the soil from July until a killing frost in the fall.从7月直到秋季严霜期到来前，在土中产卵。

3. The larvae attack roots, seeds and germinating seedlings of many crops。

幼虫取食多种作物的根、种子和萌发的幼苗。

4. The disease appears as long, elliptical (2-15 cm) greyish-green or tan streaks这种病害表现为长椭圆形（2～15cm），浅灰绿色或棕褐色条纹。

5. Spores produced on the residue are dispersed by wind and rain splash.作物残体中产生孢子，孢子通过风雨的溅射传播。