【全国百强校】贵州省铜仁市第一中学2017-2018学年高二下学期开学考试地理试题(原卷版)

铜仁一中2017——2018学年第二学期高二开学检测物理试题一、选择题14. 如图所示，通电导线MN中的电流保持不变，当它在纸面内从a位置绕其一端M转至b位置时，通电导线所受安培力的大小变化情况是 ( )A．变小B．变大C．不变D．不能确定15.如图为枕形导体周围等势面和电场线的示意图（带有箭头为电场线），已知两个相邻等势面间的电势之差相等，则（）A．将正电荷从c点沿虚线移到e点，电势能先减小后增大B．将负电荷从c点移到d点，电场力做负功C．a点的电势低于b点的电势D．a点和d点的电场强度相同16. 如图（甲）所示，长直导线右侧的矩形线框与长直导线位于同一平面内。

以导线中向上电流为正，当长直导线中的电流发生如图（乙）所示的变化时，线框中感应电流与线框所受安培力的方向是：（）A．感应电流方向先逆时针后顺时针，线框受合力一直向右B．感应电流方向一直逆时针，线框受合力方向先向右后向左C．感应电流方向先顺时针后逆时针，线框受合力方向一直向左D．感应电流方向一直顺时针，线框受合力方向先向左后向右17. 某物理兴趣小组设计了如图所示的火情报警系统，其中M是理想变压器，将a、b 接在恒定电压的正弦交流电源上，RT为用半导体热敏材料制成的传感器（其电阻率随温度升高而减小），电流表A2为值班室的显示器，显示通过R1的电流，电压表V2显示加在报警器上的电压(报警器未画出)，R2为定值电阻。

若传感器RT所在处出现火警时，以下说法中正确的是（）A．A1的示数不变，A2的示数增大B．A1的示数增大，A2的示数减小C．V1的示数增大，V2的示数增大D．V1的示数不变，V2的示数不变18. 如图所示，在x轴上方存在垂直于纸面向里的足够宽的匀强磁场，磁感应强度为B。

在xoy平面内，从原点O处沿与x轴正方向成θ角(0<θ<π)以速率v发射一个带正电的粒子(重力不计)．则下列说法正确的是( )A．若θ一定，v越大，则粒子在磁场中运动的角速度越大B．若θ一定，v越大，则粒子在磁场中运动的时间越短C．若v一定，θ越大，则粒子在磁场中运动的时间越短D．若v一定，θ越大，则粒子在离开磁场位置距O点越远19. 恒力F作用在质量为m的物体上，如图所示，由于地面对物体的摩擦力较大，没有被拉动，则经时间t，下列说法正确的是（）A．拉力F对物体的冲量大小是Ft co sθB．拉力F对物体的冲量大小为FtC．拉力F对物体的冲量大小为零D．合力对物体的冲量大小为零20. 目前，在地球周围有许多人造地球卫星绕着它转，其中一些卫星的轨道可近似为圆，且轨道半径逐渐变小．若卫星在轨道半径逐渐变小的过程中，只受到地球引力和远小于引力的气体阻力的作用，则下列判断正确的是（）A．卫星克服气体阻力做的功小于引力势能的减小B．卫星的动能逐渐减小C．气体阻力做负功，地球引力做正功，机械能保持不变D．由于地球引力做正功，引力势能一定减小21. 如图甲所示，两物体 AB叠放在光滑水平面上，对A施加一水平力 F,F-t关系图象如图乙所示。

【全国百强校首发】贵州省铜仁市第一中学2017-2018学年高二下学期开学考试地理试题地理注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

一、单选题读地球经纬网示意图，回答下面小题。

1．图中各点位于北半球、西半球的是（）A. ③④B. ①②C. ⑤⑥D. ③⑦2．图中④点位于⑧点的（）A. 东北方向B. 西北方向C. 东南方向D. 西南方向3．下面的四幅图中阴影部分所表示的经纬度方格内，面积最大的是（ ）A. 甲B. 乙C. 丙D. 丁4．下列各组气候类型中，基本上对应同一种自然带的是（ ）A. 热带雨林气候和热带季风气候B. 亚热带季风气候和地中海气候C. 热带沙漠气候和温带大陆性气候D. 温带季风气候和温带海洋性气候 5．小丽到某地旅游，她发现当地居民皮肤白皙，头发多呈波状，色浅，鼻梁高，嘴唇薄，游览过程中，常见到尖顶的宗教建筑“教堂”，该地方最有可能是（ ） A. 非洲南部 B. 亚洲西部 C. 亚洲东部 D. 欧洲西部 二、选择题组 下图所示为“23°26′S 的海陆分布示意图”，读图回答下面小题。

6．①②③分别是（ ） A. 印度洋、太平洋、大西洋 B. 太平洋、大西洋、印度洋 C. 太平洋、印度洋、大西洋 D. 印度洋、大西洋、太平洋 7．一架飞机从甲地飞往丙地，取最短航线应为（ ） A. 先向东北，再向东，然后向东南 B. 先向西北，再向西，然后向西南 C. 先向东南，再向东，然后向东北 D. 先向西南，再向西，然后向西北 读图，回答下面小题。

铜仁一中2017—2018学年度第二学期高一年级开学检测地理试卷一、单项选择题：1. “坐地日行八万里，巡天遥看一千河”，这句诗中的“地”指的是（）A. 北极B. 南极C. 赤道D. 中国【答案】C【解析】地球赤道是地球上最大的圆，周长是4万公里，在赤道上随着地球的自转也可日行八万里，诗句是描写赤道。

选C正确。

2. 与地球上存在生命无关的因素是（）A. 地球的体积和质量适中B. 地球自西向东绕日公转C. 日地距离适中，地球表面温度适宜D. 地球附近大小行星各行其道，互不干扰【答案】B【解析】试题分析：由于地球的质量体积适中，故引力适中，形成了较厚的大气层；由于日地距离适中，影响了地球具有适宜的温度条件。

由于大小行星各行其道，故地球形成了较安全的宇宙环境；都是地球生命存在的基本条件。

故选B项。

考点：本题考查地球生命存在的条件。

点评：本题解题关键是掌握地球上生命存在条件及原因分析，调用课本相关内容，注意因果关系。

3. 下图所示，两条河流下游各有一个小岛，最终小岛可能连接的堤岸是（）A. ②③B. ①③C. ①④D. ②④【答案】C【解析】读图，两条河流下游各有一个小岛，①②位于北半球，受地转偏向力影响，水流向右偏，右岸侵蚀，左岸沉积，最终小岛可能链接的堤岸是①。

.③④位于南半球，地转偏向力向左偏。

左岸侵蚀，右岸沉积，最终可能链接的堤岸是④。

C对，A、B、D错。

4. 下图中四幅地球光照图中能正确表示北半球夏至日的是（）A. B.C. D.【答案】B【解析】北半球夏至日北极圈以内出现极昼现象。

B图与D图极圈内均出现极昼现象，B图地球逆时针自转，为北半球的俯视图，D图地球顺时针自转，为南半球俯视图，故B正确，D错误。

A图北极圈以内出现极夜现象，错误；C图全球昼夜平分，错误；。

霾主要出现在近地面低空静风或微风，相对湿度不大的大气形势下。

下图为四种地面天气系统图。

据此完成下列各题。

5. 最有利于形成霾的天气系统是（）A. 甲B. 乙C. 丙D. 丁6. 某地冬季受甲天气系统影响，可能出现（）A. 阴雨天气B. 地面气压下降C. 地面气温上升D. 无风或微风【答案】5. D 6. A【解析】试题分析：5. 据图可知甲为冷锋天气系统，乙为暖锋天气系统，丙为低气压气旋天气系统，丁为高气压反气旋天气系统，据题干知霾主要出现在近地面低空静风或微风，相对湿度不大的大气形势下，而甲乙丙丁只有高压反气旋天气系统，盛行下沉气流，近地面低空静风或微风，降水少，相对湿度不大，其他均可带来降水，故选D。

（1）在A 中发生的反应包括______________________（2）CO 进入叶绿体后，在B 中经___________________此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号2018-2019学年贵州省铜仁市第一中学高二下学期开学考试生物答案1．C【解析】【分析】核酸根据五碳糖不同分为DNA和RNA，核酸是遗传信息的携带者，是一切生物的遗传物质，具有细胞结构的生物含有DNA和RNA两种核酸，遗传物质是DNA；病毒只含有DNA或RNA一种核酸，遗传物质是DNA或RNA；真核细胞的DNA主要存在于细胞核中，其次线粒体和叶绿体也含有少量DNA。

【详解】原核细胞中同时含有DNA和RNA两种核酸，A正确；叶绿体、线粒体都含有DNA和RNA两种核酸，核糖体含RNA一种核酸，B正确；原核细胞没有核仁，但是有核糖体，而核糖体是由rRNA和蛋白质组成的，C错误；DNA与ATP的组成元素都是C、H、O、、P，D正确。

2．B【解析】【分析】酶是由活细胞产生的具有催化作用的有机物，绝大多数酶是蛋白质，极少数酶是RNA；酶的特性：高效性、专一性和作用条件温和的特性。

影响酶活性的因素主要是温度和pH，在最适温度（pH）前，随着温度（pH）的升高，酶活性增强；到达最适温度（pH）时，酶活性最强；超过最适温度（pH）后，随着温度（pH）的升高，酶活性降低。

另外低温酶不会变性失活，但高温、pH过高或过低都会使酶变性失活。

【详解】酶通过降低化学反应活化能来提高化学反应速率，A正确；酶的活性受温度、酸碱度的影响，高温、过酸和过碱酶都会失去活性，但低温酶不会失去活性，B错误；在适宜的条件下，酶既可以在细胞内发挥作用，也可以在细胞外发挥作用，C正确；酶具有专一性，蔗糖酶可以催化蔗糖水解生成葡萄糖和果糖，D正确。

3．C【解析】【分析】现代生物进化理论认为：生物进化的单位是种群，突变和基因重组为生物进化提供原材料，自然选择使种群基因频率发生定向改变进而使生物朝着一定的方向进化，隔离导致新物种形成。

2017-2018学年贵州省铜仁市第一中学高二下学期开学考试历史试题解析版一、选择题1. 春秋战国时期，随着封建制赖以存在的宗法制日渐败坏，再依靠封建制重建国家的企图，就难以实现了；随着世代的交替，亲族间维持忠诚的纽带日益松弛，诸侯与周室之间的距离越拉越大；中国必须重新踏上制度建构的征程。

以下对此理解正确的是A. 宗法制维持了亲族间的忠诚B. 封建制导致血缘纽带日益松弛C. 建构的新制度是中央集权制度D. 郡国并行不利于加强中央集权【答案】C【解析】材料反映的是分封制和宗法制的瓦解，说明确立新的制度是大势所趋，这种新制度应当是不再依靠血缘关系、不再赋予地方较大的权力，因此建构的新制度是中央集权制度。

故答案为C项。

根据“亲族间维持忠诚的纽带日益松弛”，说明宗法制已不能起到这样的作用，排除A项；从材料信息来看，是血缘纽带的松弛导致分封制难以维持下去，排除B项；D 项材料没有涉及，排除。

2. 据记载，明万历年间，原本不易贩运的“蛙、蟹、鳗、虾、螺、蚌之属”在北京城大量出现，一些珍稀水产如“蛤蜊、银鱼、蛏蚶、黄甲”也“累累满市”，人称“腥风满市應矣”。

这反映出当时A. 北京人居环境急剧恶化B. 长途贩运贸易非常发达C. 北方商业经济得到恢复D. 新兴商品市场开始兴起【答案】B【解析】明清时期，随着生产力水平的提高，商品贸易兴盛；导致长途贩运发达，B项说法正确；材料与人居环境无关，排除A项；明末时期农民起义频繁，经济遭到破坏，排除C项；明清时期都市商业区繁华，并非开始阶段，排除D项。

3. 导致下图中1919年报刊数量急剧增加的主要原因是1895年至1919年中国报刊数量的增长A. 政治制度变革的推动B. 思想文化运动的促进C. 十月革命爆发的影响D. 近代西方科技的传入【答案】B【解析】据图片数据并结合所学知识可知，1915年新文化运动发生，1919年五四运动发生，这些思想文化运动促进了中国报刊数量的增长，故B项正确；1911年辛亥革命推动政治制度变革，但不符合数据的变化时间，故A项错误；1917年十月革命爆发，但只限于马克思主义的传播，故C项错误；近代西方科技的传入，说法过于抽象，且只限于科技方面，故D项错误。

试卷第1页，总12页绝密★启用前【百强校】贵州省铜仁市第一中学2018-2019学年高二下学期开学考试语文试题试卷副标题注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题)请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、选择题远至传统山水画和文人画的跌变，近至20世纪中国的时代变革，中国画一直在“守”与“变”中实现着形式更新、审美衍变；无数中国画大家也在对“守”与“变”的不断探索中成就独具个性的绘画面貌，谱写时代高峰。

新时代的中国画创作，同样需要在“守”与“变”中开拓新境，绘就时代新风。

“守”，是要守住文化传统、精神传统。

“中华民族有一脉相承的精神追求、精神特质、精神脉络”，中国画也不例外。

继承传统，一方面要深刻体悟中国画的文化特质和内在精神。

如“一花一世界”所包含的博大，强调“天人合一”的宇宙观。

宋代郭熙在《山水训》中有言，“山水，大物也”。

一个“大”字，便道出山水画所营造的精神要义，即中国人的世界观和创作者的精神追求，以大道为终极取向，同时辉映时代气象。

正如北宋国力富强，收复燕云十六州一直是国家方略，所以北宋山水画也多表现北方雄浑壮阔的自然山水；而南宋偏安一隅，山水画也从“大山大水”变成气象萧疏的“边角山水”。

所以，中国画作者应该将中国画传承问题提升到文化自信、光大中华文化的高度来看待，用笔墨“为祖国山河立传”。

另一方面，要深刻理解并遵循中国画自身发展逻辑，中国画有自身的发展逻辑，其笔墨法度皆不是独立的存在，而是特定审美意蕴的彰显。

就像中国画最高的成就是“写意”，其中既包含“写”的审美性，也包含“意”在形上所体现出的特定审美意境二者相辅相成。

因此，中国画创新要守住其笔墨法度与核心内涵，不能仅从形式上追求创新。

现在一些画家为了求变，使用宣纸、毛笔、水墨等中国画工具，但实际上画出来的是水彩、试卷第2页，总12页素描的样子。

不能展现中国画真正的魅力。

真正意义上的求“变”，是创作者在继承传统的基础上还要面向时代、面向生活，这又包含两层含义：一是要让“笔墨当随时代”、表现时代审美和时代精神；一是要以高的视野看世界，取各国艺术并将其化为己有。

【全国百强校】贵州省铜仁市第一中学2018-2019学年高二下学期开学考试物理试题学校_________ 班级__________ 姓名__________ 学号__________一、单选题1. 关于磁感应强度，下列说法正确的是（）A．磁场中某一点的磁感应强度由磁场本身决定的，其大小和方向是可以改变的，与通电导线有关B．将通电导线放在磁场中一定会受到安培力作用C．人们通常用通电导线在磁场中某点的受力来探究磁场的强弱，如果将这根通电导线拿走对该点的磁感应强度不会造成影响D．由可知，B与F成正比与IL成反比2. 交流发电机正常工作时产生的电动势为e=E m sin2ωt,若将其线圈的匝数变为原来的2倍，而转速减为原来的一半，其他条件不变，则产生的电动势的表达式为：A．e=E m sinωt B．e=2E m sinωt C．e=2E m sin2ωt D．e=E m sin2ωt3. 如图所示，在匀强电场中，实线MN是一个等势面，虚线AB是某正电荷只在电场力作用下的运动轨迹。

下列说法正确的是（）A．该电荷从A到B做匀速圆周运动B．该电荷在A点的动能比B点小C．B点电势高于A点电势D．该电荷在B点的电势能比A点大4. 下述关于用多用电表的使用，下列说法中正确的是（）A．测量电阻时如果指针偏转过小，应将选择开关S拨至倍率较小的档位，重新调零后测量B．测量电阻时，如果红表笔接负、黑表笔接正，则不会影响测量结果C．测量电压时，如果红表笔接负、黑表笔接正，则不会影响测量结果D．测量不同的电流时，都必须重新调零5. 如图所示，某矩形线圈在匀强磁场中匀速转动，产生交流电随时间变化关系如图所示，则下列说法正确的是 ( )A．0.02s时刻线圈处于中性面位置B．0.01s时刻穿过线圈的磁通量最大C．该交流电流有效值为6.28 D．该交流电流频率为50Hz二、多选题6. 如图所示，电源电动势为12V，当开关接通时，灯泡L1和L2都不亮，用电压表测得各部分电压U ad＝0 V 、U bd＝12V，由此可以判断（）A．可能是L1和L2的灯丝都断了B．可能是 L2灯丝断了C．可能是L1的灯丝断了D．可能是变阻器R断路7. 如图所示，电源电动势E＝6 V，小灯泡L标有“4 V 1 W”，开关S接1，当滑动变阻器调到R＝6Ω时，小灯泡L正常发光。

铜仁一中2017-2018学年第二学期开学考试高二理科数学一、选择题：（本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）1.设命题：，，则为（）A. ，B. ，C. ，D. ，【答案】D【解析】，，则为，故选：D2.“”是“”的( )条件A. 充分而不必要B. 必要而不充分C. 充要D. 既不充分也不必要【答案】A【解析】试题分析：由，得，，即，“”是“”的充分条件，但当时，，但不成立，“”是“”的不必要条件，故选A．考点：充分必要条件．3.如图，程序框图的运行结果是( )A. B. C. － D. －1 【答案】C 【解析】 由程序框图知， 所以。

选C.4.连续投掷两次骰子得到的点数分别为m ，n ，向量a ＝(m ，n )与向量b ＝(1,0)的夹角记为θ，则θ∈(0，)的概率为() A. B. C. D. 【答案】B 【解析】 cos<a ，b>＝，∵α∈(0，)，∴<<1，∴n<m ．又满足n<m 的骰子的点数有(2,1)，(3,1)，(3,2)，…，(6,3)，(6,4)，(6,5)，共15个． 故所求概率为P ＝＝． 5.当输入时，右面的程序运行的结果是( )A. B. C. D.【答案】B 【解析】分析程序的功能是，输出函数，当时，，故选B.6.已知某种商品的广告费支出(单位:万元)与销售额(单位:万元)之间有如表对应数据:根据表中提供的全部数据,用最小二乘法得出与的线性回归方程为,则表中的值为( )A. 45B. 50C. 55D. 60【答案】D 【解析】 由表中数据,计算，，∵回归直线方程过样本中心，∴=6.5×5+17.5，解得m =60. 故选：D. 7.如果数据的平均数是，方差是，则的平均数和方差分别是（）A. 4与3 B. 7和3 C. 7和12 D. 4和 12 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：由题，，所以数据的平均数，方差，故选C ．考点：平均数与方差． 8. 为坐标原点， 为抛物线 的焦点， 为 上一点，若 ，则 的面积为 ( )A. B. C. D.【答案】C 【解析】设P(x P,y P)(y P>0)由抛物线定义知,x P+=4,∴x P=3,y P==2,因此S△POF=×2×=2.故选C.视频9.在长方体中，，，则面与面所成角的为（）A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】本题考查二面角，线面垂直的判定和性质及空间想象能力.在长方体中，，所以是正方形，取中点连接，则为面与面所成的角；故选C10.已知椭圆+=1的焦点分别是、，是椭圆上一点，若连结、、三点恰好能构成直角三角形，则点到轴的距离是( )A. B. C. D.【答案】A【解析】椭圆+=1的焦点在轴上，且为，且，第一种情况，两焦点连线段为直角边，则点纵坐标为，则令代入椭圆方程，可得到轴距离为，第二种情况，两焦点连线段为斜边，设，则，即为，联立椭圆方程+=1，则无解，故点到到轴距离为，故选A.【方法点晴】本题主要考查利用椭圆的方程以及椭圆的简单性质，属于中档题.求解与椭圆性质有关的问题时要结合图形进行分析，既使不画出图形，思考时也要联想到图形，当涉及顶点、焦点、实轴、虚轴、离心率等双曲线的基本量时，要理清它们之间的关系，挖掘出它们之间的内在联系.11.设分别是双曲线的左、右焦点，过点的直线交双曲线右支于A，B两点．若，且，则双曲线的离心率为（）A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】试题分析：设．考点：直线与双曲线．12.已知，，其中是常数，且的最小值是，满足条件的点是双曲线一弦的中点，则此弦所在的直线方程为（）A. B. C. D.【答案】D【解析】试题分析：，由题意，所以，又，故，设弦的两端点为，则，，两式相减得，所以，选D．考点：基本不等式，圆锥曲线的弦中点问题．二、填空题：（本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分）13.如右图，矩形长为6，宽为4，在矩形内随机地撒300颗黄豆，数得落在椭圆外的黄豆数为100颗，以此实验数据为依据可以估算出椭圆的面积为_________.【答案】16【解析】解：因为利用矩形的面积为46=24，那么（300-100）/300=s/24，因此s=16.14.一条渐近线方程是的双曲线，它的一个焦点与方程是的抛物线的焦点相同，此双曲线的标准方程是___________ ；【答案】【解析】由双曲线渐近线方程可知①因为抛物线的焦点为，所以②又③联立①②③，解得所以双曲线的方程为.故答案为.【点睛】本题考查双曲线的标准方程，以及双曲线的简单性质的应用，确定和的值，是解题的关键．15.已知棱长为2的正方体，是过顶点圆上的一点，为中点，则与面所成角余弦值的取值范围是___ .【答案】【解析】以为原点，所在直线分别为轴，建立空间直角坐标系，如图所示.连结交于点，过作的垂线交延长，交于，则平面的法向量结合图形得与面所成角余弦值是与面所成角余弦值的最小值，设与面所成角为，即与面所成角余弦值的最小值为，过作的平行线交圆于此时与面所成角余弦值的取最大值1，∴与面所成角余弦值的取值范围是．即答案为.16.如图所示，在正方体中，点是棱上的一个动点，平面交棱于点．给出下列命题：①存在点，使得//平面；②对于任意的点，平面平面；③存在点，使得平面；④对于任意的点，四棱锥的体积均不变.其中正确命题的序号是______．（写出所有正确命题的序号）.【答案】②④【解析】①为棱上的中点时，此时也为棱上的中点，此时；满足//平面，∴①正确．②平面，∴不可能存在点，使得，∴②错误．③连结则平面，而平面，∴平面平面，成立，∴③正确．④四棱锥B1-BED1F的体积等于设正方体的棱长为1，∵无论在何点，三角形的面积为为定值，三棱锥的高，保持不变．三角形的面积为为定值，三棱锥的高为，保持不变．∴三棱锥和三棱锥体积为定值，即四棱锥的体积等于为定值，∴④正确．故答案为：①③④三、解答题：（解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）17.已知命题：存在，使；命题：方程表示双曲线．若命题“()∧”为真命题，求实数的取值范围．【答案】－3≤a<3【解析】试题分析：要求的取值范围,需先对命题中的条件进行分析,进而求得的取值范围；根据一元二次不等式解的情况和判别式的关系,以及双曲线的标准方程即可求出命题下的取值范围；然后由为真命题,知假真，所以分别求出假,真时的的取值范围,再求交集即可.试题解析：若p为真，则Δ＝(a＋1)2－4(a＋4)>0，解得：a<－3或a>5，∴¬p为：－3≤a≤5；若q为真，则(a－3)(a－6)>0，解得：a<3或a>6.因为(¬p)∧q为真，所以¬p与q都为真，可得故实数a的取值范围是：－3≤a<3.18.已知双曲线的离心率为，且双曲线上的点到右焦点的距离与到直线的距离之比为.(1)求双曲线的方程；（2）已知直线与双曲线交于不同的两点，且线段的中点在圆上，求的值.【答案】(1) 双曲线C的方程为;(2) .【解析】（示范高中做）（1）由题意，得，解得，3分∴，∴所求双曲线的方程为.5分（2）设A、B两点的坐标分别为，线段AB的中点为，由得（判别式）,8分∴,10分∵点在圆上，∴，∴.12分19.已知在正方体中，分别是的中点，在棱上，且．（1）求证：；（2）求二面角的余弦值．【答案】(1)见解析；（2）二面角的余弦值为.【解析】试题分析：（1）如图建立空间直角坐标系，设正方体棱长为4，则求出相应点和相应向量的坐标可证；（2）平面的一个法向量为，设并求出平面的一个法向量，应用心理的夹角公式，最后如图可知，二面角为钝角，可得到二面角的余弦值．试题解析：（1）如图建立空间直角坐标系，设正方体棱长为4，则，∴∴，∴（2）平面的一个法向量为设平面的一个法向量为∴即∴令，则，∴可取∴如图可知，二面角为钝角。

铜仁一中2017-2018学年第二学期开学考试文科数学试题一、选择题：（本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）1. 设命题：，，则为（）A. ，B. ，C. ，D. ，【答案】D【解析】，，则为，故选：D2. “”是“”的( )A. 充分而不必要条件B. 必要而不充分条件C. 充要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A【解析】试题分析：由，得，，即，“”是“”的充分条件，但当时，，但不成立，“”是“”的不必要条件，故选A．考点：充分必要条件．3. 右面的程序框图的运行结果是( )A. B. C. － D. －1【答案】C【解析】由程序框图知，所以。

选C.4. 连续投掷两次骰子得到的点数分别为m，n，向量a＝(m，n)与向量b＝(1,0)的夹角记为θ，则θ∈(0，)的概率为( )A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】cos<a，b>＝，∵α∈(0，)，∴<<1，∴n<m．又满足n<m的骰子的点数有(2,1)，(3,1)，(3,2)，…，(6,3)，(6,4)，(6,5)，共15个．故所求概率为P＝＝．5. 当输入时，右面的程序运行的结果是( )A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】分析程序的功能是，输出函数，当时，，故选B.6. 已知某种商品的广告费支出(单位:万元)与销售额(单位:万元)之间有如表对应数据:根据表中提供的全部数据,用最小二乘法得出与的线性回归方程为,则表中的值为( )A. 45B. 50C. 55D. 60【答案】D【解析】由表中数据,计算，，∵回归直线方程过样本中心，∴=6.5×5+17.5，解得m=60.故选：D.7. 如果数据的平均数是，方差是，则的平均数和方差分别是（）A. 4与3B. 7和3C. 7和12D. 4和 12【答案】C【解析】试题分析：由题，，所以数据的平均数，方差，故选C．考点：平均数与方差．8. 已知为坐标原点，为抛物线的焦点，为上一点,若，则的面积为( )A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】试题分析：∵抛物线C的方程为∴，可得，得焦点设P（m，n），根据抛物线的定义，得|PF|=m+=，即，解得∵点P在抛物线C上，得∴∵|OF|=∴△POF的面积为考点：抛物线的简单性质9. 设函数是定义在R上周期为2的可导函数，若，且，则曲线在点处切线方程是( )A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】因为函数是定义在上周期为的可导函数，是定义在上周期为的函数，所以，，所以切点坐标为，切点斜率为，可得切线方程为，故选B.10. 已知椭圆+=1的焦点分别是、，是椭圆上一点，若连结、、三点恰好能构成直角三角形，则点到轴的距离是( )A. B. C. D.【答案】A【解析】椭圆+=1的焦点在轴上，且为，且，第一种情况，两焦点连线段为直角边，则点纵坐标为，则令代入椭圆方程，可得到轴距离为，第二种情况，两焦点连线段为斜边，设，则，即为，联立椭圆方程+=1，则无解，故点到到轴距离为，故选A.【方法点晴】本题主要考查利用椭圆的方程以及椭圆的简单性质，属于中档题.求解与椭圆性质有关的问题时要结合图形进行分析，既使不画出图形，思考时也要联想到图形，当涉及顶点、焦点、实轴、虚轴、离心率等双曲线的基本量时，要理清它们之间的关系，挖掘出它们之间的内在联系.11. 设分别是双曲线的左、右焦点，过点的直线交双曲线右支于A,B两点．若，且，则双曲线的离心率为（）A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】试题分析：设... ...............．考点：直线与双曲线．12. 已知，m+n=4，其中是常数，且的最小值是，满足条件的点是双曲线一弦的中点，则此弦所在的直线方程为（）A. B. C. D.【答案】D【解析】试题分析：，由题意，所以，又，故，设弦的两端点为，则，，两式相减得，所以，选D．考点：基本不等式，圆锥曲线的弦中点问题．二、填空题：（本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分）13. 如右图，矩形长为6，宽为4，在矩形内随机地撒300颗黄豆，数得落在椭圆外的黄豆数为100颗，以此实验数据为依据可以估算出椭圆的面积为_________.【答案】16【解析】解：因为利用矩形的面积为46=24，那么（300-100）/300=s/24，因此s=16. 14. 一条渐近线方程是的双曲线，它的一个焦点与方程是的抛物线的焦点相同，此双曲线的标准方程是___________ ；【答案】【解析】由双曲线渐近线方程可知，① 抛物线的焦点为，②又，③ 联立①②③，解得双曲线的方程为，故答案为.【方法点晴】本题主要考查待定系数求双曲线方程，属于中档题. 用待定系数法求双曲线方程的一般步骤；①作判断：根据条件判断双曲线的焦点在轴上，还是在轴上，还是两个坐标轴都有可能；②设方程：根据上述判断设方程或；③找关系：根据已知条件，建立关于、、的方程组；④得方程：解方程组，将解代入所设方程，即为所求.15. 已知三次函数在上是增函数，则的取值范围为________________．【答案】【解析】在R上恒成立，所以,解之得16. 右图是函数的导函数的图象，给出下列命题：①在处切线的斜率小于零；②是函数的极值点；③在区间上单调递减. ；④不是函数的极值点．则正确命题的序号是____．（写出所有正确命题的序号）【答案】②④【解析】在处切线的应该是大于零，①错误；因为导数先负后正，所以是函数的极值点，②正确；③在区间上单调递增，③错误；④左右两边导函数值都为正，所以不是函数的极值点，④正确，故答案为②④.三、解答题：（解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）17. 已知命题：存在，使；命题：方程表示双曲线．若命题“()∧”为真命题，求实数的取值范围．【答案】－3≤a<3【解析】试题分析：要求的取值范围,需先对命题中的条件进行分析,进而求得的取值范围；根据一元二次不等式解的情况和判别式的关系,以及双曲线的标准方程即可求出命题下的取值范围；然后由为真命题,知假真，所以分别求出假,真时的的取值范围,再求交集即可.试题解析：若p为真，则Δ＝(a＋1)2－4(a＋4)>0，解得：a<－3或a>5，∴¬p为：－3≤a≤5；若q为真，则(a－3)(a－6)>0，解得：a<3或a>6.因为(¬p)∧q为真，所以¬p与q都为真，可得故实数a的取值范围是：－3≤a<3.18. 已知双曲线的离心率为，且双曲线上点到右焦点的距离与到直线的距离之比为.(1) 求双曲线的方程；（2）已知直线与双曲线交于不同的两点，且线段的中点在圆上，求的值.【答案】(1) ;(2) .【解析】（示范高中做）（1）由题意，得，解得，3分∴，∴所求双曲线的方程为.5分（2）设A、B两点的坐标分别为，线段AB的中点为，由得（判别式）,8分∴,10分∵点在圆上，∴，∴.12分19. 已知函数（1）若在处的切线与直线垂直，求的值；（2）若存在单调递减区间，求a的取值范围．【答案】(1) ;(2) .【解析】试题分析：（1）先求导,由导数的几何意义可知在处的导数即为在处切线的斜率．从而可求得的值．（2）原命题等价于在上有解,再转化为在上有解,所以只需求的最小值即可．试题解析：（1）,,由导数的几何意义可知,解得．（2）,存在单调递减区间等价于在上有解．即在上有解．令,所以只需．因为,即,所以．考点：1导数的几何意义；2用导数研究函数的单调性．20. 下表提供了某厂节能降耗技术改造后生产甲产品过程中记录的产量x（吨）与相应的生产能耗y（吨标准煤）的几组对照数据:(1)请根据上表提供的数据，y关于x的线性回归方程；(2)已知该厂技改前100吨甲产品生产能耗为95吨标准煤．试根据(1)求出的线性回归方程，预测生产100吨甲产品的生产能耗比技改前降低多少吨标准煤？（参考公式：）【答案】(1) 线性回归方程;(2) 产生100吨甲产品的生产能耗比技术改造前降低24.65吨标准煤.【解析】试题分析：（1）由系数公式可知，，，所以线性回归方程（2）时，，所以预测产生100吨甲产品的生产能耗比技术改造前降低19.65吨标准煤考点：本题考查了线性回归方程的求解及应用点评：求回归直线方程的步骤是：①作出散点图，判断散点是否在一条直线附近；②如果散点在一条直线附近，由公式求出a、b的值，并写出线性回归方程21. 已知椭圆上的焦点为，离心率为．（1）求椭圆方程；（2）设过椭圆顶点，斜率为的直线交椭圆于另一点，交轴于点，且，，成等比数列，求的值．【答案】(1) 椭圆的方程为;(2) 当，，成等比数列时，. 【解析】试题分析：（Ⅰ）由椭圆的性质容易求出参数a,b的值，从而求出椭圆方程；（Ⅱ）设出直线方程，代入椭圆方程，求出点D、E的坐标，然后利用|BD|，|BE|，|DE|成等比数列，即可求解．试题解析：（Ⅰ）由已知．解得，所以，椭圆的方程为．（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）得过B点的直线为，由得，所以，所以，依题意．因为|BD|，|BE|，|DE|成等比数列，所以，所以，即，当时，，无解，当时，，解得，所以，当|BD|，|BE|，|DE|成等比数列时，．考点：①求椭圆方程；②直线与椭圆的综合应用．【方法点睛】（1）求椭圆方程的常用方法：①待定系数法；②定义法；③相关点法．（2）直线与圆锥曲线的综合问题，常将直线方程代入圆锥曲线方程，从而得到关于x（或y）的一元二次方程，设出交点坐标A（）、B（），利用韦达定理得出坐标的关系,同时注意判别式大于零求出参数的范围（或者得到关于参数的不等关系），然后将所求转化到参数上来再求解．如本题及，联立即可求解．注意圆锥曲线问题中，常参数多、字母多、运算繁琐，应注意设而不求的思想、整体思想的应用．22. 在直角坐标系中，直线的参数方程为 (为参数)．在极坐标系(与直角坐标系取相同的长度单位，且以原点为极点，以轴正半轴为极轴)中，圆的方程为.(1)求圆C的直角坐标方程；(2)设圆与直线交于点.已知点，求的值.【答案】(1) x2＋(y－)2＝5;(2) |PA|＋|PB|＝3.【解析】试题分析：（1）由即得（2）将的参数方程代入圆C的直角坐标方程，得，即由于，故可设是上述方程的两实根，由韦达定理根据t的几何意义得解.试题解析：（1）由得即（2）将的参数方程代入圆C的直角坐标方程，得，即由于，故可设是上述方程的两实根，所以故由上式及t的几何意义得：.考点：1.极坐标与参数方程；2.直线与圆的位置关系.视频。

铜仁一中2017—2018学年第二学期高二年级开学检测英语试题第I卷(共115分)第二部分阅读理解（每小题2分，满分40分）ATop 5 money-making websitesNew photographs are needed every day for company websites, public-sector newsletters, presentations and many other uses. This means anyone with a camera and an eye fo r a good image can sell photos for good money. Your earnings depend on the resolution and quality of your photos. Picturenation pays you a 40% commission (佣金) on all pictures, beginning at 40p or a subscription (订阅) website resolution and going up to £30 for higher resolutions.Use your drive or your garage to make money! Previously known as ParkatmyHouse, JustPark co vers all the UK, and you can put your unused parking space on the site for anyone coming to your area to park in ... for cash! If your home is near a railway station or education centre, your space and bank account certainly won't feel ignored (忽视). It's free to list on ParkatmyHouse, and you could make £100 per month.If you're looking for a better deal than the small savings rates offered by you r bank, you can head to RateSetter, where lenders make an average return of 5.5%. RateSetter works as an online financial community by bringing lenders and borrowers together and cutting out the banks. You decide who to lend to and what rate you'll charge, as well as how long to lend your money (choose from one to five years) and how much you want to lend (from £10 to £25,000).Online surveys are a great way to earn money quickly. PineCone Research does betterthan all other online survey websites by giving you £3 for every completed questionnaire. Registration is quick and simple (not to mention free).If you have designer clothes, shoes or accessories (配饰) that you'd like to offload, this website does a good job of selling them for you. They do charge a 40% commission, but once you've sent the item they do everything for you, including authenticating (鉴定) it and wrapping it nicely in tissue paper when it's sent to the buyer.21. What is the key to selling your photos for good money?A. Copyrighting your photos.B. Offering high-quality photos.C. Making business-related photos.D. Adding key words to your photos.22. Which website should David visit if he wants to lend money for a higher rate?A. .B. .C. .D. .23. What do we know about ?A. It charges £3 for registration.B. It's instructive to researchers.C. It provides free survey results.D. It's competitive in similar websites.BFor many years, our next-door neighbor's house was a terrible mes s. It would be impossible to describe the awful smells of her house. The health department came and shut down an illegal puppy mill (幼犬繁育场) in the house a few years ago.The house was sold for a rather high price because of the good location of the neighborhood. My husband and I looked into the house at that time and were upset by the scene: black mold (霉菌) growing on the walls; cigarette ends all over the floor; the wallbetween the garage and the living room completely destroyed by water damage. We couldn't spend more than one second in the house before running away.We thought that it would be a teardown, but the new owners set about cleaning the inside. They worked for months making it safe and livable. After everything was clean and tidy, the owners decided to resell the house for a higher price.Yesterday while I was out in my yard, a potential (潜在的) buyer pulled up and asked me what I could tell her about the history of the house. I just said that I didn't know anything.What is my ethical obligation (道德义务) in this situation? It's possible that they have removed all the awful smells, dangerous mold and that the house is safe and livable. But it's also possible that they have just structurally fixed the house and that some unsafe mold will take root in the future. I wouldn't personally live there knowing what I know. But really, it's none of my business, and given the choice, I wouldn't talk to anyone about what I know. While it feels like a lie not to answer a direct question, I also feel that it's not my place to potentially ruin the seller's business deal. If I am asked again, what should I say?24. What can be learned about the author's neighborhood?A. It's nice.B. It's noisy.C. It's wealthy.D. It's crowded.25. Why did the new owners give the house a thorough cleaning?A. To move into it.B. To please the neighbors.C. To get it ready for resale.D. To make it match the surrounding area.26. How did the author feel after saying she knew nothing about the house's history?A. Sad.B. Troubled.C. Relaxed.D. Proud.27. Why does the author write the text?A. To offer help.B. To ask for advice.C. To make a complaint.D. To give an explanation.CSumeja Tulic had moved from London to New York nine months ago to attend journalism school. Yet her time in New York met with a season of never--ending ugliness in politics and acts of terrorism (恐怖主义) around the world. “One day you laugh, and then you're angry,” said Tulic. As she walked toward the subway station, she thought,“I want to see something nice. Enough of this craziness.”At the City Hall station, she saw a man resting against a pillar (柱子), the way anyone might, waiting for the train. The stillness was interrupted (打断) by an announcement that the next train was two stations away. Then Tulic saw the man at the pillar falling forward onto the tracks.The man who had fallen was not moving. In what seemed like an instant, three men jumped down to help.“I don't know where these men got the intelligence and the quickness,”Tulic said.“ The man who fell was about six feet tall and quite heavy. He was kind of stuck in the tracks. It was terrifying to know that the train was coming. Will it stop? Will they succeed in pulling him out?”On the tracks, the unconscious man was put into a sitting position by the three men, who then lifted him from below to others who lifted from above and rolled him onto the platform. Then the rescuers were themselves rescued, pulled back to safety by helping hands. As soon as they were all clear, the train pulled in. People getting off the train walked around this unconscious man.Two of the men who had jumped onto the platform were holding his hands. “They were saying,‘You're going to be fine,'”Tulic said. “This was an additional layer of goodness.”Doctors arrived, and the man was taken to a local hospital with serious but non-life-threatening injuries.“That is the greatest thing,”Tulic said.“The infrastructure (基础) in this city of millions is thepeople themselves provid ing, being there for others, without even knowing the person, who he is. It was beautiful to see.”28. What was Tulic's time in New York like?A. Carefree.B. Spiritless.C. Unpeaceful.D. Comfortable.29. How must Tulic have felt when watching the men saving the fallen man?A. Bitter and lonely.B. Relieved and happy.C. Special and different.D. Anxious and concerned.30. How was the man brought back onto the platform?A. By means of a ladder.B. Through a joint effort.C. With the help of professionals.D. Under doctors' expert guidance.31. What would be the best title for the text?A. Time is running outB. Stuck in train tracksC. The good are well rewardedD. Race to save a man on tracksDThe Speaker was the title of an eight-part television series. It was produced by the BBC in the UK. The aim of the series was to find Britain's best young speaker.Young people between the ages of 14 and 18 from across the country were invited to take part in The Speaker. Applicants included tough-talking teens, jokers, and shy, sensitive types. The one thing they had in common was a desire (渴望) to talk publicly and enthusiastically about what was important to them.Each applicant was asked to prepare and film a one-minute speech on any subject —from pop music to politics, from hooligans (小流氓) to homework. From all the entries received, 160 speakers were chosen by three judges. These speakers were invited to the next stage of regional auditions (海选), wher they had to deliver their one-minute speech again, but this time in front of the judging panel (评审团) and an audience. Of the 160 speakers, only 20 were chosen by the judges to go through to the next stage. They then had to give anotherspeech on a subject they were given only seconds before making the speech. Some competitors also had to speak about a picture, again without any preparation.The final eight were then coached by ce lebrity mentors (指导老师) and given new challenges to help improve their speaking skills. Their speeches were judged by the judges and their mentor. By the last part in the series, which was shown at the end of April 2009, only three competitors remained. They were taken on a research trip to Malawi, where they found out first hand the effects of children's rights, ahead of their final speech. Duncan Harrison, a 14-year-old schoolboy from Bristol was chosen as the winner by the judges and mentors.When asked what makes a good speaker, the actor, director and teacher, Jeremy Stockwell, who was one of the judges on the series, said, “An effective speaker must know and trust who they are, what they have to say, and why they have to say it. Whether you're playing Hamlet, delivering a political message or presenting a school meeting, you must have a story to tell, a message to pass on and a clear sense of purpose.”32. What do we know about the applicants?A. They were teens worldwide.B. They were fond of playing jokes.C. They had great interest in social problems.D. They loved discussing what mattered to them.33. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The topics of speeches.B. The requirements for each step.C. The ways of winning the competition.D. The standards of judging the speakers.34. What was the aim of the competitors' Malawi trip?A. To film a video.B. To learn speaking skills.C. To study children's rights.D. To deliver their final speech.35. What did Jeremy Stockwell think a good speaker should be?A. Brave and optimistic.B. Confident and inspiring.C. Talkative and sensitive.D. Scholarly and determined.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019年5月铜仁一中2018—2019学年度第二学期高二半期考试地理试题一、选择题。

（25个小题，每小题2分，共50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。

）读北半球某陆地局部图（图1），图中X、Y为等高线（等高距为100m），L为河流，对角线为经线。

据此回答1～2题。

1、图中河流L的流向为A．从东流向西 B．从西南流向东北C．从西流向东 D．从东北流向西南2、若X数值为500米，则图中A所在地A．海拔高于500米 B．海拔高于600米C．海拔低于500米 D．海拔低于400米图1海南某中学研究性学习小组，设计了可调节窗户遮阳板，实现教室良好的遮阳与采光。

下图（图2）示意遮阳板设计原理，据此完成第3题。

图23、铜仁某中学生计划借鉴这一设计，若两地窗户大小形状相同，则需调整的是①安装高度不变，加长遮阳板②安装高度不变，缩短遮阳板③遮阳板长度不变，降低安装高度④遮阳板长度不变，升高安装高度A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④下图为世界人口分布的人类大陆图。

在地图上取消陆地和海洋,仅画出人类密集地区,面积较大的人类密集区被称为人类大陆。

世界上共有四个人类大陆。

读图（图3）,完成下列4～6题。

4、图中未出现的人类大陆名称是A．东亚和东南亚B．南亚C．北美东部D．欧洲图35、D处只形成了一个孤岛而没有形成人类大陆的原因是①D处深居内陆，环境承载力小，难以形成大面积人口稠密区；②D处高温多雨，环境承载力强，形成人口稠密的孤岛；③D处利用高山冰川融水发展绿洲农业，形成人口稠密区；④D处地处沿海，寒流强大，高温干燥，人烟稀少。

A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④6、有关图中A处人类大陆西部大洲人口方面的叙述，正确的是①人口密度居各大洲之首；②老龄化问题严重；③城市化水平高，农村劳动力过剩；④死亡率较高；⑤城市化速度减缓，出现逆城市化现象；⑥人口再生产类型属于过渡型。

A．①④⑥ B．②③④ C．②④⑤ D．③⑤⑥“全球米贵”令粮食安全危机已经成为世界性难题。

铜仁一中2017—2018学年第二学期高二年级开学检测英语试题第I卷(共115分)第一部分听力（共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1. When is the earliest that the man can have dinner?A. At 6:30.B. At 7:00.C. At 7:30.2. Where will the man spend most of his winter vacation?A. At the beach.B. At home.C. At school.3. What is the woman doing?A. Making an order.B. Checking some machines.C. Buying a plane ticket.4. What does the man want to buy?A. A tie.B. A pair of shoes.C. A pair of jeans.5. What does the woman mean?A. She wants to go to Hollywood too.B. She knows that director.C. Jane is really lucky.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题6. Why does the man apologize to the woman?A. He shouldn't have watched TV so much.B. He hasn't washed all the bowls or plates.C. He hasn't watered the flowers or fed the birds.7. What does the woman tell the man to do?A. Find what he wants on the Net.B. Finish his homework first.C. Turn off the computer.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9题8. What does the woman want the man to do?A. Teach a class for her.B. Pick up her father for her.C. Go to the airport with her.9. When will the lecture be given?A. At 3 pm this Friday.B. At 5 pm this Friday.C. At 5 pm next Friday..听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12题10. What does the woman want to do?A. Go dancing.B. Rest at home.C. Enjoy some music.11. Which place does the man suggest?A. The Club Blue Note.B. The House of Angels.C. The Blue Angels.12. What will the man do next?A. Call his office manager.B. Buy some sandwiches.C. Put on his coat.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16题13. When does the conversation take place?A. In the morning.B. At noon.C. In the afternoon.14. What do we know about Bill?A. He is poor at doing group work.B. He has an IQ of 117.C. He thinks school is boring.15. Who is the woman most probably?A. The man's colleague.B. Bill's mother.C. The headmaster.16. Which of the following is the woman's opinion?A. EQ is as important as IQ.B. EQ is more important than IQ.C. EQ is less important than IQ.听下面一段对话，回答第17至第20题17. How often is the program held?A. Once a month.B. Twice a month.C. Once a week.18. What kind of study program should we set according to the speaker?A. A regular and realistic one.B. A complete one.C. A long-term one.19. Which of the following is the closest to the second piece of advice?A. Learning as many new words as possible every day.B. Learning a few new words and using them actively.C. Trying to remember the words we forgot before.20. What can we learn from the talk?A. The speaker used to be an English teacher.B. The last tip is about speaking bravely.C. The audience are college students.第二部分阅读理解（每小题2分，满分40分）ATop 5 money-making websitesNew photographs are needed every day for company websites, public-sector newsletters, presentations and many other uses. This means anyone with a camera and an eye for a good image can sell photos for good money. Your earnings depend on the resolution and quality of your photos. Picturenation pays you a 40% commission (佣金) on all pictures, beginning at 40p or a subscription (订阅) website resolution and going up to £30 for higher resolutions. Use your drive or your garage to make money! Previously known as ParkatmyHouse, JustPark covers all the UK, and you can put your unused parking space on the site for anyone coming to your area to park in ... for cash! If your home is near a railway station or education centre, your space and bank account certainly won't feel ignored (忽视). It's free to list on ParkatmyHouse, and you could make £100 per month.If you're looking for a better deal than the small savings rates offered by your bank, you can head to RateSetter, where lenders make an average return of 5.5%. RateSetter works as an online financial community by bringing lenders and borrowers together and cutting out the banks. You decide who to lend to and what rate you'll charge, as well as how long to lend your money (choose from one to five years) and how much you want to lend (from £10 to £25,000). Online surveys are a great way to earn money quickly. PineCone Research does better thanall other online survey websites by giving you £3 for every completed questionnaire. Registration is quick and simple (not to mention free).If you have designer clothes, shoes or accessories (配饰) that you'd like to offload, this website does a good job of selling them for you. They do charge a 40% commission, but once you've sent the item they do everything for you, including authenticating (鉴定) it and wrapping it nicely in tissue paper when it's sent to the buyer.21. What is the key to selling your photos for good money?A. Copyrighting your photos.B. Offering high-quality photos.C. Making business-related photos.D. Adding key words to your photos.22. Which website should David visit if he wants to lend money for a higher rate?A. .B. .C. .D. .23. What do we know about ?A. It charges £3 for registration.B. It's instructive to researchers.C. It provides free survey results.D. It's competitive in similar websites.BFor many years, our next-door neighbor's house was a terrible mess. It would be impossible to describe the awful smells of her house. The health department came and shut down an illegal puppy mill (幼犬繁育场) in the house a few years ago.The house was sold for a rather high price because of the good location of the neighborhood. My husband and I looked into the house at that time and were upset by the scene: black mold (霉菌) growing on the walls; cigarette ends all over the floor; the wall between the garage andthe living room completely destroyed by water damage. We couldn't spend more than one second in the house before running away.We thought that it would be a teardown, but the new owners set about cleaning the inside. They worked for months making it safe and livable. After everything was clean and tidy, the owners decided to resell the house for a higher price.Yesterday while I was out in my yard, a potential (潜在的) buyer pulled up and asked me what I could tell her about the history of the house. I just said that I didn't know anything.What is my ethical obligation (道德义务) in this situation? It's possible that they have removed all the awful smells, dangerous mold and that the house is safe and livable. But it's also possible that they have just structurally fixed the house and that some unsafe mold will take root in the future. I wouldn't personally live there knowing what I know. But really, it's none of my business, and given the choice, I wouldn't talk to anyone about what I know. While it feels like a lie not to answer a direct question, I also feel that it's not my place to potentially ruin the seller's business deal. If I am asked again, what should I say?24. What can be learned about the author's neighborhood?A. It's nice.B. It's noisy.C. It's wealthy.D. It's crowded.25. Why did the new owners give the house a thorough cleaning?A. To move into it.B. To please the neighbors.C. To get it ready for resale.D. To make it match the surrounding area.26. How did the author feel after saying she knew nothing about the house's history?A. Sad.B. Troubled.C. Relaxed.D. Proud.27. Why does the author write the text?A. To offer help.B. To ask for advice.C. To make a complaint.D. To give an explanation.CSumeja Tulic had moved from London to New York nine months ago to attend journalismschool. Yet her time in New York met with a season of never--ending ugliness in politics and acts of terrorism (恐怖主义) around the world. “One day you laugh, and then you're angry,” said Tulic. As she walked toward the subway station, she thought,“I want to see something nice. Enough of this craziness.”At the City Hall station, she saw a man resting against a pillar (柱子), the way anyone might, waiting for the train. The stillness was interrupted (打断) by an announcement that the next train was two stations away. Then Tulic saw the man at the pillar falling forward onto the tracks.The man who had fallen was not moving. In what seemed like an instant, three men jumped down to help.“I don't know where these men got the intelligence and the quickness,”Tulic said.“ The man who fell was about six feet tall and quite heavy. He was kind of stuck in the tracks. It was terrifying to know that the train was coming. Will it stop? Will they succeed in pulling him out?”On the tracks, the unconscious man was put into a sitting position by the three men, who then lifted him from below to others who lifted from above and rolled him onto the platform. Then the rescuers were themselves rescued, pulled back to safety by helping hands. As soon as they were all clear, the train pulled in. People getting off the train walked around this unconscious man.Two of the men who had jumped onto the platform were holding his hands. “Th ey were saying,‘You're going to be fine,'” Tulic said. “This was an additional layer of goodness.”Doctors arrived, and the man was taken to a local hospital with serious but non-life-threatening injuries.“That is the greatest thing,”Tulic said.“The infrastructure (基础) in this city of millions is thepeople themselves providing, being there for others, without even knowing the person, who he is. It was beautiful to see.”28. What was Tulic's time in New York like?A. Carefree.B. Spiritless.C. Unpeaceful.D. Comfortable.29. How must Tulic have felt when watching the men saving the fallen man?A. Bitter and lonely.B. Relieved and happy.C. Special and different.D. Anxious and concerned.30. How was the man brought back onto the platform?A. By means of a ladder.B. Through a joint effort.C. With the help of professionals.D. Under doctors' expert guidance.31. What would be the best title for the text?A. Time is running outB. Stuck in train tracksC. The good are well rewardedD. Race to save a man on tracksDThe Speaker was the title of an eight-part television series. It was produced by the BBC in the UK. The aim of the series was to find Britain's best young speaker.Young people between the ages of 14 and 18 from across the country were invited to take part in The Speaker. Applicants included tough-talking teens, jokers, and shy, sensitive types. The one thing they had in common was a desire (渴望) to talk publicly and enthusiastically about what was important to them.Each applicant was asked to prepare and film a one-minute speech on any subject — from pop music to politics, from hooligans (小流氓) to homework. From all the entries received, 160 speakers were chosen by three judges. These speakers were invited to the next stage of regional auditions (海选), wher they had to deliver their one-minute speech again, but this time in front of the judging panel (评审团) and an audience. Of the 160 speakers, only 20 were chosen by the judges to go through to the next stage. They then had to give another speech on a subject they were given only seconds before making the speech. Some competitors also had to speak about a picture, again without any preparation.The final eight were then coached by celebrity mentors (指导老师) and given new challenges to help improve their speaking skills. Their speeches were judged by the judges and their mentor. By the last part in the series, which was shown at the end of April 2009, only threecompetitors remained. They were taken on a research trip to Malawi, where they found out first hand the effects of children's rights, ahead of their final speech. Duncan Harrison, a 14-year-old schoolboy from Bristol was chosen as the winner by the judges and mentors.When asked what makes a good speaker, the actor, director and teacher, Jeremy Stockwell, who was one of the judges on the series, said, “An effective speaker must know and trust who they are, what they have to say, and why they have to say it. Whether you're playing Hamlet, delivering a political message or presenting a school meeting, you must have a story to tell, a message to pass on and a clear sense of purpose.”32. What do we know about the applicants?A. They were teens worldwide.B. They were fond of playing jokes.C. They had great interest in social problems.D. They loved discussing what mattered to them.33. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The topics of speeches.B. The requirements for each step.C. The ways of winning the competition.D. The standards of judging the speakers.34. What was the aim of the competitors' Malawi trip?A. To film a video.B. To learn speaking skills.C. To study children's rights.D. To deliver their final speech.35. What did Jeremy Stockwell think a good speaker should be?A. Brave and optimistic.B. Confident and inspiring.C. Talkative and sensitive.D. Scholarly and determined.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019年5月铜仁一中2018—2019学年度第二学期高二开学考试物理试题1.关于磁感应强度，下列说法正确的是（）A. 磁场中某一点的磁感应强度由磁场本身决定的，其大小和方向是可以改变的，与通电导线有关B. 将通电导线放在磁场中一定会受到安培力作用C. 人们通常用通电导线在磁场中某点的受力来探究磁场的强弱，如果将这根通电导线拿走对该点的磁感应强度不会造成影响D. 由可知，B与F成正比与IL成反比【答案】C【分析】根据磁感应强度的定义式：适用于任何磁场；磁感应强度的方向与置于该处的通电导线所受的安培力方向垂直，小段通电导线在某处若不受磁场力，是导线与磁场垂直，则此处不一定无磁场．【详解】磁场中某一点的磁感应强度由磁场本身决定，其大小和方向是唯一确定的，与通电导线无关，故A错误，C正确；，当I与B平行时，通电导线在磁场中就不受安培力作用，故B错误；磁感应强由磁场本身决定，与受到的安培力的大小与IL的乘积无关，故D错误。

所以C正确，ABD错误。

【点睛】本题考查对磁感应强度的理解，首先要理解公式中各个量的含义，其次要理解公式的适用条件，注意比值定义法的含义。

2.交流发电机正常工作时产生的电动势为e=E m sin2ωt,若将其线圈的匝数变为原来的2倍，而转速减为原来的一半，其他条件不变，则产生的电动势的表达式为：A. e=E m sinωtB. e=2E m sinωtC. e=2E m sin2ωtD. e=E m sin2ωt【答案】A【分析】根据E m=NBSω判断电动势的峰值，由e=E m sinωt知电动势的表达式判断新产生的电动势的表达式。

【详解】由E m=NBSω知若线圈的匝数变为原来的2倍，而转速减为原来的一半时E m不变；转速变为一半，由e=E m Sinωt知电动势的表达式为e′=E m sinωt，故A正确，BCD错误。

3.如图所示，在匀强电场中，实线MN是一个等势面，虚线AB是某正电荷只在电场力作用下的运动轨迹。

铜仁一中2017-2018学年高二语文开学检测试题现代文阅读论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成小题。

唐朝的政府官员，通常都有退休（致仕）的保障。

官员致仕，根据等级不同，规定有所不同。

皇帝身边的五品官，地方上的四品官，到了退休的年龄，所谓“悬车①”之年，要自己打报告给皇帝，获得皇帝批准才能办理致仕手续。

唐高宗时的张行成，是尚书右仆射，加授太子少傅。

因为天旱，他认为自己有责任，于是上表请求致仕，唐高宗亲手书写诏书，不允许，反而赏赐宫女、黄金，器物等等。

但是，六品以下官员的致仕，到年龄便退，没有回旋的余地。

吏部每年都会向皇帝报告，今年有多少官员致仕，报告后面附有一个长长的名单，通常照章办事即可。

以制度应对多数，这是基本方略。

有的大臣致仕，会获得皇帝的支持。

唐太宗时期，尚书右仆射“战神”李靖以足疾为由上表请求退休，唐太宗表示支持，把李靖树成知进退的楷模，赏赐绢帛千段，御马两匹，所有待遇不变，还特意派人到李靖府上表达皇帝的关怀，可见，致仕制度在唐朝，对于中下级官员，多按照制度执行，而对于高官并不采取一刀切，对退休官员的优待突破了制度的限制，由皇帝给予特别恩赏。

另一种优待的办法是退休前提职，以更高级别的官职致仕，这样相应的待遇也得到了提高。

致仕有时也是朝廷处理大臣的一个手段，开元十五年，御史大大崔隐甫、中丞宇文融与尚书左丞相张说矛盾不休，各自组织朋党展开斗争。

结果崔隐甫免官，宇文融贬官，而张说致仕。

甚至有的官员虽然已经致仕，但是还可能受到追究。

由于朝廷需要，致任官员更有起复的现象。

苗晋卿在天宝末年以刑部尚书身份致任，至德二年，肃宗拜他为宰相，统领国务。

安史之乱平定后，苗晋卿以太子太傅身份再次致仕。

第二年，皇帝又重新任命他为侍中。

代宗时，他最终以太保身份致仕。

苗晋卿一生竟然三次致仕，是个特例。

唐朝官员的物质待遇主要是俸禄。

俸是俸钱，禄是禄米。

根据中央、地方和官品发放这些钱米。

禄米，按年计算，每年春、秋各发一次。