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Ⅰ.单项填空1．(2012·青岛统一质量检测)__________ you turn off all the lights when you leave the classroom.A．Making sureB．To make sureC．Being sureD．Make sure解析：选D。
考查非谓语动词。
句意为：当你离开教室时务必要关掉所有的灯。
主句是一个祈使句，故D项正确。
2．(2012·青岛市第二次统一检测)The climate conference was attended by 11,000 people，__________ it the largest UN gathering ever held.A．makingB．to makeC．madeD．to be making解析：选A。
考查非谓语动词。
现在分词表示事情发展的自然结果，而不定式表示出乎意料的结果。
根据句意可知，应选A项。
3．(2012·淄博模拟)—Y ou shouldn’t have treated me that way.My heart is broken.—I’m sorry，Paul.I didn’t mean __________ you.A．hurtingB．to hurtC．hurtD．having hurt解析：选B。
考查非谓语动词。
mean作动词时，意为“想要，意欲”。
mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事”。
mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”。
由语境知。
“我”并非有意要伤害“你”，故B项正确。
4．(2012·淄博模拟)There are a lot of signs __________ men are more likely to have heart attacks than women.A．indicateB．to indicateC．indicatedD．indicating解析：选D。
Ⅰ.单项填空1．(2012·济宁模拟)Experts believe that the large number of cancer cases in the area are directly __________ to the new nuclear power station.A．referredB．devotedC．contributedD．related解析：选D。
考查动词辨析。
A项意为“指；涉及；参考”；B项意为“投入”；C项意为“捐助；成为(……的)原因之一”；D项意为“与……相关”。
句意为：专家相信，那个地区很多癌症病例和那个新的核电站有着直接的关系。
故D项符合语境。
2．(2012·滨州模拟)—Do you still remember the name of the place?—I’m afraid that __________ me for the moment.A．remindsB．puzzlesC．disturbsD．escapes解析：选D。
考查动词词义辨析。
remind意为“提醒，使想起”；puzzle意为“迷惑”；disturb意为“打扰”；escape意为“逃避，被忘掉”。
答句句意为：“我”怕是暂时忘记了。
故选D项。
3．(2012·聊城模拟)It is required that all traffic participants should __________ the traffic rules to make traffic safer and faster.A．performB．observeC．possessD．support解析：选B。
考查动词词义辨析。
perform意为“执行；表演”；observe意为“遵守，奉行(法律，规律等)”；possess意为“拥有”；support意为“支持”。
句意为：按照要求，所有与交通有关的参与人员应该遵守交通法规，让我们的交通更安全，更快捷。
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：语法填空抢分攻略与典题解析养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
【解题技巧】语法填空首先是一篇短文，因此如题目要求的那样“阅读下面材料”，这是第一步，就是在基本掌握短文大意的情况下做题。
在做题时不要只盯着空格部分，至少要以句子为单位，但是又不同于单句改错，还要兼顾“文”。
做完后要通读全文进行检查。
一、有提示词题目的解题技巧主要考查谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、词类转化等四种情况。
1. 考查谓语动词当句子缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。
此时，要根据语境确定用哪种时态，根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用被动语态，同时要注意主谓一致。
the circles.答案与解析：were permitted。
考查动词的被动语态与主谓一致。
析空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizensof higher social classes构成被动关系，主语Citizens是可数名词复数，本句是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。
所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
故填were permitted。
句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。
2.非谓语动词若句中已有谓语，也不是作并列谓语时，且无连词连接，则可能为非谓语动词。
1.(2017·天津高考，4，改编)She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.答案：whether句意：他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。
设空处连接宾语从句，且在句中意为“是否”，故填whether。
2.(2017·北京高考，23，改编)Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.答案：whoever句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。
“________ makes the most beautiful kite”是主语从句，连接词在从句中作主语，意为“无论谁”，故填whoever。
3.(2017·北京高考，26，改编)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ________ she was heading.答案：where句意：简漫无目的地走在树木林立的街道上，不知道将去何方。
“________ she was heading”是宾语从句，由heading可知，应填where。
4.(2017·江苏高考，26，改编)We choose this hotel because the price fora night here is down to $20, half of ________ it used to charge.答案：what本句中，of后接宾语从句，连接词作charge的宾语，此处表示以前收取的费用，因此用what引导宾语从句。
5.(2016·北京高考，29)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is________ one can be entirely free from dust.答案：that句意：雨季最令人愉快的事情是人可以完全远离尘埃。
第五讲语法专练知能闯关1．(2016·扬州、南通、连云港调研)—I hear a Tibetan student in your school________ and that you’ve raised money for him.—Well, the doctors are considering a conservative therapy.A．was operated onB．will be operated onC．is being operated onD．has been operated onB解析：句意：——我听说你们学校一名西藏的学生将进行手术，你们为他募捐了。
——哦。
医生们正在考虑一种保守治疗的方法。
根据答语判断手术还没有进行，应是将来发生的动作， student是operate的动作承受者，故选B。
2．(2016·江苏扬州中学开学考试)—I didn’t expect that John would be absent from my last Sunday’s birthday party.—As far as I know, he ______ to see his parents in the countryside on Sundays. A．goes B．wentC．has gone D．had goneA解析：根据回答“据我所知，他周日去看望农村的父母”可知是经常性的动作，因此用一般现在时。
3．(2016·江苏常青藤月考)The vegetable looking fresh in his field ________well. It’s often sold out immediately it appears in the market.A．has sold B．has been soldC．is sold D．sellsD解析：根据句意可知是表示特征和特性，用一般现在时。
（广东专用）2014高三英语语法专练知能闯关第九节新人教版1．(2013·青岛开发区一中高三月考)The thought suddenly came to me ________ perhaps they had already got ahead of us.A．that B．whenC．whether D．which解析：选A。
同位语从句修饰the thought，说明其具体内容。
句意：我突然想到：他们已经到了我们的前面。
2．(2012·高考重庆卷)Evidence has been found through years of study________children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.A．why B．howC．whether D．that解析：选D。
考查同位语从句。
句意：经过多年的研究，证据已经被找到，孩子们的早期睡眠问题在长大后可能会继续。
分析题意可知children’s early sleeping are...grow up 是evidence的同位语，而从句中不缺任何成分，故用that引导该同位语从句。
3．(2013·绍兴一中高三阶段性测试)As a matter of fact，________ tries again makes no difference.A．no matter which B．no matter whoC．whoever D．whichever解析：选C。
no matter wh不能引导名词性从句，而排除A、B，再根据句意“无论谁再试也没用了”可知选whoever。
4．(2012·菏泽郓城一中高三第二次检测)In 1942，Columbus and his crew arrived ________was socalled the New World by the westerners.A．what B．in whatC．where D．in which解析：选B。
Ⅰ.单项填空1．__________ made the little boy so sad is __________ his parents didn’t allow him to go out for a picnic with other boys.A．What；because B．What；thatC．That；because D．That；what解析：选B。
句意：使这个小男孩如此伤心的是他的父母不允许他跟其他男孩出去野餐。
第一空用what引导主语从句，what在从句中作主语；第二空用that引导表语从句，that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有实际意义，只起连接作用。
2．—What did you do yesterday afternoon?—We discussed __________ Mary could join us.A．whether B．ifC．that D．what解析：选A。
句意：“你们昨天下午干什么了？”“我们讨论了玛丽是否可以加入到我们中来。
”discuss后的宾语从句只用whether不用if引导，意为“是否”，且不在从句中作成分。
that在名词性从句中不作任何成分也没有任何意义；what常在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
3．The textbook is filled with cases about __________ our life has developed thanks to new inventions.A．what B．whereC．why D．how解析：选D。
句意：课本中有很多关于我们的生活是如何因为新发明而得到改善的例子。
根据句意宾语从句缺少表示方式的状语，故用how引导。
what不作状语；where表示地点；why表示原因。
4．Desertification，the name for __________ happens when farm land is turned into desert，is a growing world problem.A．which B．whereC．what D．how解析：选C。
句意：沙漠化，即可耕种土地变成沙漠，已经发展成世界问题了。
所选项引导介词for的宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，故用what。
which强调范围；where常在名词性从句中作地点状语；how在名词性从句中作方式状语。
5．__________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A．If B．WhetherC．That D．When解析：选B。
句意：明天我们是否去野营取决于天气。
所选项表示“是否”之意，且从句中不缺少成分，故用whether。
引导主语从句位于句首时，用whether不用if；that在名词性从句中不作任何成分也无任何意义；when常在名词性从句中作时间状语，此处与tomorrow 相矛盾。
6．(2012·临沂质量检测)The warning we were given as children __________ eating fast will make you fat may，in fact，have a scientific explanation.A．that B．whoC．where D．which解析：选A。
考查名词性从句。
分析句子可知，we were given as children为定语从句限定主语the warning，其谓语动词为have，从句部分不缺成分，对the warning起到补充说明的作用，为同位语从句。
故选A。
7．(2012·泰安一轮质量检测)—It is so dark tonight，Mum.—Y es，this is just __________ we can enjoy brilliant stars in the sky.A．when B．whereC．how D．because解析：选A。
考查名词性从句。
句意为：——妈妈，夜深了。
——是的，这时候我们正好可以观看天上闪闪的星星。
句中is后接的是表语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，应用when 引导。
故选A项。
8．(2012·淄博模拟)—Are you still thinking about the e-mail Tony sent you yesterday?—Oh，to tell the truth，that’s __________ makes me feel excited.A．what B．howC．that D．why解析：选A。
考查名词性从句。
由语境知，正是Tony的邮件使“我”非常兴奋。
what 相当于the e-mail that，即作is的表语，又作makes me feel excited的主语。
故选A。
9．(2011·潍坊5月份训练)The shoes in our store are all of good quality.Y ou can choose __________ you like.A．whichever B．howeverC．whatever D．wherever解析：选A。
考查连接词。
宾语从句中缺少宾语，所以排除B、D两项；选择的鞋子应是前文中所指的，所以用连接代词whichever。
故选A项。
10．(2012·青岛统一质量检测)__________ is expected that it will be fine tomorrow，when we can do some outdoor activities.A．As B．ItC．That D．Which解析：选B。
考查名词性从句。
由语境知，大家都指望着明天天气晴好，这样就能做些户外活动了。
分析题干知，此处考查主语从句固定结构，即It is＋PP.＋that-clause。
其中it 作形式主语，故B项正确。
Ⅱ.用适当的引导词把句子补充完整1．Many people are asking __________ traditional research universities in fact have any future at all.答案：whether2．__________ this new rule is applicable to everyone is obvious.答案：That3．The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy __________ had once been affordable only to the very rich.答案：what4．It is my hope __________ everyone in my class should correct their mistakes before handing the paper in.答案：that5．Nowadays many rural people flock to the city for jobs on the assumption __________ the streets there are paved with gold.答案：that6．My boss has failed me so many times that I no longer believe in __________ he promises.答案：whatever7．__________ the survival of historic interests is under threat is known to us all.答案：That8．The reason __________ so many children like to eat this new brand of biscuit is that it is particularly sweet.答案：why9．__________ important it is to combat pollution in the process of industrialization doesn’t mention at all in the article.答案：How10．We are concerned about __________ she can finish it ahead of time.答案：whetherⅢ.阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词，使短文合理、连贯。
Today with globalization bringing us ever closer together，if we choose to ignore theinsecurities of some，they will soon become the insecurities of all.Equally，with the spread of advanced science and technology as long as some of us choose to rely on nuclear weapons，we continue to risk 1.___________ these same weapons will become increasingly attractive to others.I have no doubt 2.____________，if we hope to escape self-destruction，then nuclear weapons should have no place in our collective conscience，and no role in our security.To that end，we must ensure absolutely 3.____________ no more countries acquire these deadly weapons.We must see to it 4.____________ nuclear weapon states take concrete steps towards nuclear disarmament.And we must put in place a security system that does not rely on nuclear deterrence.Imagine 5.____________ would happen if the nations of the world spent as much on development as on building the machines of war.Imagine 6.____________ the only nuclear weapons remaining were the relics in our museums.Imagine the legacy we could leave to our children.答案：1.that 2.that 3.that 4.that 5.what 6.if。
