2020学年人教版高中英语必修三
知识点归纳
Unit 1 Festivals around the world
1. mean 的用法
1). mean doing sth. “意味着（必须要做某事或导致种结果）”, 其主语通常是指事物的词。
2). mean to do sth. “打算或企图做某事”，主语通常是表示人的名词或代词，过去完成式表示“本来打算做某事”。
3). mean sb. to do sth. “打算让某人做某事”，也可以用于被动结构。
4). mean 后接名词、副词或从句, “表示；打算；存心”等意思；后接that 从句，意为“表示……”。
5). be meant for “打算给予；打算作……用”。
In some parts of London, missing a bus means _____ for another hour.
A. waiting
B. to wait
C. wait
D. to be waiting
2. take place 发生；举行(不能用于被动语态中!)
①The performance didn’t take place after all. 演出终于没有进行。
②Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place? 事故发生时，有人路过那里吗？
与place相关短语：
in the first place （用于列举理由）首先，第一点in the last place 最后
in one’s place 处于某人的位置，为某人设身处地想一想in place 放在原来的位置，就位
in place of 代替，用……而不用……take one’s place 找替某人接替某人的位置
3. of all kinds 各种各样的
相关归纳：all kinds of 各种各样的the same kind of 相同种类的
different kinds of 不同种类的this/that kind of 这（那）种 a kind of 某种
①That kind of question is very difficult to answer.= Questions of that kind are difficult to answer.
②We sell all kinds of shoes.= We sell shoes of all kinds.
③You can see different kinds of animals in the zoo.
= You can see animals of different kinds in the zoo. 你在动物园可以看见不同种类的动物。
用动词的适当形式填空
①Books of this kind ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.
②This kind of books ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.
4. starve v.挨饿; 饿死
He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。
5. plenty n.富裕
days/years/...of plenty 富裕的日子/年月
如：You have a life of plenty, what would you be worried about?
plenty pron.大量; 充足
plenty of可修饰可数名词和不可数名词, 用于陈述句。
如: You needn’t hurry. There is plenty of time left. 你不必慌忙, 剩下的时间很充足。
Taking plenty of exercise every day keeps you healthy. 每天多运动会使你身体健康。
6. 1) satisfy vt.满足,使…满意; satisfy sb. satisfied a.感到满意的; be satisfied with
satisfying a.令人愉快的satisfaction n.满意; to one’s satisfaction
satisfactorily ad.满意地satisfactory a. 令人满意的
She bought a satisfactory computer—it’s cheap and of high quality.
辨析satisfactory, satisfied, satisfying
satisfactory 指客观的事物或主观的表现达到要求而令人满意, 主语一般用客体。
satisfied指主体对事物或表现感到满意, 主语是主体(人)
如: She is satisfied with the service. 她对该项服务感到满意。
satisfying: giving pleasure令人愉快, 主语是不定式. 常用于句型: It’s satisfying to do s th. 做...使人满意
如:It’s satisfying to learn the success of his son in job-hunting. 得知儿子找到工作,令他非常高兴。
hurt, injure, harm, damage, wound的区别与用法
hurt 普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害,也可精神上, 感情上的伤害。
如:The girl hurt herself badly in the accident.那位女孩在那次事故中伤得很重。
injure比hurt正式, hurt多指伤痛, 而injure则指损害健康, 成就, 容貌等, 强调功能的损失。
如:He injured his hand while playing basketball.他在打篮球时手受了伤。
damage主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失, 这种损失或因自然灾害所致, 或因人为造成。如: Several cars were damaged in the accident. 好几辆汽车在事故中损坏了。
wound指枪伤, 刀伤, 刺伤等皮肉之伤, 是出血的, 严重的伤, 特指战场上受伤, 它可以指肉体上的伤害, 也可指人们精神上的创伤。如: The bullet wounded his left leg. 子弹打伤了他的左腿。
7.origin n.起源；源头如：the origins of the life on earth 地球上生命的起源。
in memory of/ to the memory of sb. 纪念某人例句：The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist.
8. dress作及物动词时, 不接clothes之类的表示衣服的名词, 而是接表示人的句词或代词, 意思是“给…穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时, 则用反身代词, 如：Wake up children and dress them. 唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。
dress的过去分词常用来构成get dressed与be dressed短语, 前者表示动态, 后者表示静态, 穿何种衣服, 则用介词in. 如：Harry up and get dressed. 快点穿上衣服。The girl was dressed in red. 这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。dress up是“打扮,化装”，如: You should dress up when you take part in the party.
She is ___ in red today and looks very beautiful.
A.wearing
B. having on
C. dressing
D. Dressed
9. award. n.奖, 奖品v.判给, 授予award sb. sth. 奖赏某人某物
辨析: award 和reward:
award后接双宾语如: award sb. a metal 授予某人奖章
reward 奖赏, 酬谢, 不能接双宾语。reward sb. for sth. 因…奖赏某人reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人例句：She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole morning’s hard work.
10.admire v.意为“赞赏;钦佩;羡慕;赞美;夸奖”
注意: 表示“在某方面钦佩某人”用“admire sb. for sth.”
例句：We all admire him for his courage and bravery. 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。
11. look forward to (doing) sth. 意为期待着(做)某事, 其中的to是介词, 而不是动词不定式符号。
12. as though和as if没有什么区别。as if用得普遍些, 却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。
(1) 引导方式状语从句
She acted as though nothing had happened．她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。
当从句主语和主句主语一致,从句谓语中又含有动词to be时, 可以把主语和to be一起省去。
He looked about as though (he was) in search of something．他四处张望, 好像寻找什么。
(2) 引导表语从句
It looks as if it’s going to rain看样子天要下雨
