下载文档原格式
作家托马斯哈代的简介托马斯·哈代，OMThomas Hardy，1840年6月2日-1928年1月11日，英国作家。
他生于农村没落贵族家庭。
1861年去伦敦学建筑工程，并从事文学、哲学和神学的研究。
当过几年建筑师，后致力于文学创作。
哈代1840年6月2日生于英国西南部的多塞特郡，毗邻多塞特郡大荒原，这里的自然环境日后成了哈代作品的主要背景。
他的父亲是石匠，但爱好音乐。
父母都重视对哈代的文化教育。
1856年哈代离开学校，给一名建筑师当学徒。
1862年前往伦敦，任建筑绘图员，并在伦敦大学进修语言，开始文学创作。
1867年因健康问题返回故乡。
最初写作诗歌，后因无缘发表，改事小说创作。
成名作是他的第四部小说《远离尘嚣》Far from the Madding Crowd1874。
从此，他放弃建筑职业，致力于小说创作。
1867-1868年完成第一部小说《穷人与贵妇》The Poor Man andthe Lady，但未能出版。
首次发表的小说是《计出无奈》DesperateRemedies1871。
接着发表《绿林荫下》Under the Greenwood Tree1872、《一双湛蓝的眼睛》A Pair of Blue Eyes1873，开始了以威塞克斯Wessex为背景的一系列乡土小说的写作。
1878年发表《还乡》The Return of the Native，写游苔莎嫁给在巴黎当过钻石店经理的青年姚伯，幻想丈夫能带她离开荒原，后因种种误会和不幸夜间出走，失足落水而亡，最后姚伯因得不到乡亲的谅解和支持而事业难成，当了传教士。
一些评论家认为《还乡》是他最出色的作品。
另一部重要作品是《卡斯特桥》The Mayor ofCasterbridge1886，这是他唯一不以农村为背景的小说，写失业的打草工亨查德酒醉后卖掉了妻女，醒后悔恨，从此发愤，成了粮商，当了，妻子携女归来，但不久与合伙人吵翻，妻子去世，卖妻丑史被揭发，事业失败，女儿被生父领走，他孑然死于荒原草棚。
Hardy, ThomasHardy, Thomas (1840-1928), was an English novelist and poet. In most of Hardy's books, his characters fight a losing battle against the impersonal force of fate. Hardy summed up his vision of the unfairness of life in the novel Tess of the d'Urbervilles. He wrote that, with the heroine's death, "Justice' was done, and the President of the Immortals, ... had ended his sport with Tess."Hardy's characters can be viewed as people with psychological weaknesses. But Hardy saw human downfall not primarily as personal weakness, but rather as the result of an unwilling conflict with a hostile, meaningless universe.Most of Hardy's stories take place in the fictional county of Wessex, a place of gloomy landscapes well suited to stories of tragedy. Hardy modeled Wessex on the county of Dorset, his birthplace.Hardy's first successful novel, Far from the Madding Crowd (1874), contrasts selfish love with selfless love. The Return of the Native (1878) is a somber story of the tragic results of a man's illicit love for a woman. The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886) traces the spiritual and physical deterioration of a respected man.Hardy's last great novels, Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891) and Jude the Obscure (1895), treat the theme of sexual attraction with a frankness that shocked the people of his time. The public outcry against Jude the Obscure was so great that Hardy stopped writing novels, an occupation he had never really respected, and turned to poetry.Hardy wrote lyric poetry of high quality. His best verse captures a profound sense of human loss and sorrow. Like his novels, many of Hardy's poems convey the bitter ironies inflicted upon humans by "Immanent Will," the blind force that he felt drives the world.Hardy was born in Upper (or Higher) Bockhampton in Dorset on June 2, 1840. He studied architecture and worked as an architect. In the early 1870's, he abandoned architecture for a full-time career as a writer. He died on Jan. 11, 1928.。
