【精准解析】广东省广州市荔湾、海珠部分学校2019-2020学年高一上学期期末联考物理试题
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【期末试卷】2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷(新高考卷)笔试部分附参考答案按秘密级事项管理★启用前2019-2020 高一上学期期末考试英语试卷(新高考卷)注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
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第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AArtificial intelligence (AI) is practically everywhere today. There are so many products out there which use AI. Some are being developed, some are already in use, and some failed and are being improved, so it’s very difficult to name a few of them and regard them as the best.ViIt is an AI personal trainer which is mainly concerned with fitness and coaching. It, however, requires the use of bio-sensing earphones and other fitness tracking equipment (设备)! It can play your favourite music while you work out and all you have to worry about is the exercise you’re doing.Deep TextDo you ever wonder how an ad appears suddenly just whenyou are looking for something similar? This is because of Deep Text. It uses real-time consumer (消费者) information to produce data which in turn is used to target consumers. Thus, if you search online for flight tickets from Bangalore to Delhi, it is very likely that an ad relating to hotels in Delhi will soon follow.Hello EggIf you live alone and miss your mother because you always miss your breakfast or don’t know what to eat for dinner, the n Hello Egg is exactly what you are looking for. A very healthy choice of the 2-minute noodles and oats, Hello Egg provides you with a detailed weekly meal plan about the needs of your body. It is truly a modern AI-powered home cooking tool for the young.WordsmithYou can put Mr. Smith into your Microsoft Excel using their free API, and let it write up detailed analysis (分析) of the stories behind your numbers. It can produce detailed reports on thousands of pages of spreadsheets in seconds.1.What can we learn about Vi from the text?A. It is an AI music player.B. It is a bio-sensing earphone.C. It doesn’t work without bio-sensing earphones.D. It can make you more energetic while you work out.2. Which can help you improve cooking skill?A.Hello Egg.B.Deep Text.C.Vi.D.Wordsmith.3. What can Wordsmith do for us?A.Produce a detailed report.B.Book a ticket ahead of time.C.Provide us with a detailed meal plan.D.Offer us information on hotels for traveling.BA couple in their 60s has travelled 12,000 miles across 16 countries from Britain to China — riding their bikes the entire way. Grandparents Peter and Chris stepped on the long journey after deciding to “do something a bit different”. They traversed (横穿) cities, deserts, mountains and everything in between across Europe, the Middle East and the East Asia. The married couple of 37 years enjoyed themselves with delicious local food and spent most nights inside a tiny tent put up wherever they could find shelter.Peter, 66, said the moment they finally had a look at the famous Great Wall after a year and a half of cycling 30 miles a day was “really exciting”. At the end of their journey, the special pair didn’t fly home but instead choose to book a cabin (舱) inside a 400m-long container ship. The final part was a three-week voyage from Singapore across the Indian Ocean and into the Mediterranean Sea before arriving at Southampton.“You never know what the day is going to bring. All you know is that you aregoing to get on your bike and cycle. Every day is an adventure and every day is new. Overall, the experience is absolutely unbelievable, ” Peter said.Peter and Chris initially set out to cycle from Britain in January 2017 but were forced home. They had cycled all the way to Hungary when Peter slipped on tiles and broke his leg. After seven months of recovery, the couple set out again in Britain. They finally arrived in China in November 2018.Both Peter and Chris agreed that the best part of the entiretrip was coming across the kindness of strangers along the way, many of whom invited the couple for food and drink. Chris, 64, said, “It was a wonderful experience, particularly wonderful because of the amazing people we met along the way.”4.What’s the couple’s purpose of taking the long journey?A.To try something new.B.To break the world record.C. To go across 16 countries by bike.D. To celebrate their 37-year marriage.5. How did the couple go back to their home after the trip to China?A. By cycling.B. By train.C. By plane.D. By sea.6. Why did the couple put off their trip in 2017?A. Peter had an accident.B. They ran out of their money.C. They met with a heavy snow.D. Peter fell ill suddenly in Hungary.7. What’s the best part of the trip for the couple?A. The beautiful scenes.B. The help from others.C. The delicious food and drink.D. The kindness from other cyclists.CHundreds of thousands of lives were saved in 2017 alone because of the improvement of the environment, according to a new research. Fine particle pollution declined rapidly following the new rules on industrial emissions and the promotion of cleanfuels, according to the study, published on Monday in the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. The study, which focused on the period from 2013-2017, was conducted by a group of Chinese researchers and scientists.PM2.5, as this kind of pollution is known, is so small that it can enter the bloodstream, potentially leading to cancer, stroke and heart attack in the long term. After rapid industrialization and weak regulations left the country with a reputation for smog and bad air quality, Chinese authorities started to take air pollution seriously in 2008.In 2013, Beijing had PM2.5 concentrations 40 times higher than levels recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), and the governmentintroduced its toughest-ever clean air policies that year. The study found “signif icant declines” in PM2.5 levels across China from 2013-2017, with new standards for thermal power plants and industrial boilers, the replacement of old factories, and new emissions rules for vehicles. The authors say this “confirms the effectiveness of Chi na’s recent clean air actions.”These recent actions have seen Beijing fall out of the top 100 most-polluted cities in Asia in recent years, with the pollution levels 10% lower across Chinese cities between 2017 and 2018, according to a report by Greenpeace and AirVisual. Shanghai, the country’s largest city and financial capital, has also made environmental advances, such as adopting strict recycling regulations. Public pressure has been the driving force of pollution policy in China.Air pollution is a global issue, and India is now home to 22 of the 30 most polluted world cities, according to the Greenpeace and AirVisual report. In the US, a recent study said air pollutionwas linked to more than 107,000 deaths in 2011 and cost the country $866 billion.8. What saved many lives in China?A. China’s clean air policies.B. The increased particle pollution.C. The study by researchers.D. The reduction of the clean fuels.9. Why did PM2.5 cause many diseases?A. It was called smog.B. It made the air cleaner.C. It went into the blood.D. It had a bad reputation.10. When did Chinese government decide to treat the pollution?A. In 2008.B. In 2013.C. In 2017.D. In 2018.11. What did people in Shanghai do to protect the environment?A. They built the thermal power plants.B. They stopped using industrial boilers.C. They made Shanghai financial capital.D. They tried to recycle some rubbish.DIn the 1994 film Forrest Gump, there’s a famous saying, “Life is like a box of chocolates; you never know what you’re gonna get.” The surprise is part of the fun. Now blind box toys are bringing the magic of surprise to online shopping.A blind box toy is hidden inside uniform packaging(包装) butinvisible from the outside. You don’t know what will be inside, although the toys typically come from pop culture, ranging from movies to comics and cartoons.Blind boxes have caught on since they were first introduced from Japan to China in 2014. According to a 2019 Tmall report, the mini-series of Labubu blind box. designed by Hong Kong -born Kasing Lung, was named Champion of Unit Sales with 55,000 sold in just 9 seconds during the Singles Day shopping event. Most customers for blind boxes are young people aged 18 to 35.According to The Paper, blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances. The typically cute cartoon figurines (小塑像) come in miniature (微型的) sizes, making them suitable for display almost anywhere.Even if blind boxes are not their top choice for decorations(装饰品), the mystery and uncertainty of the process also attracts people. It’s the main reason why people buy blind boxes one after another.“Fear of the unknown is always a part of the box-opening process,” said Miss Cao, 24, who lives and works in Shenyang. Speaking to Sina News, she said: “Until you open all the boxes, you cannot know what it is inside.”Opening a blind box is a delightful little surprise for our mundane daily lives, something small but fun to wait for each day, week or month. When people open this simple little box, they may be disappointed, but the uncertainty is part of the fun. People will open more blind boxes and hope for a better outcome.When someone re-makes Forrest Gump, don't be surprised if he says, “Life is like a blind box.”12.What feature of blind boxes attracts people?A.They often get toys designed by famous artists.B.They don’t know what they’ve got until they open them.C.They can learn about pop culture from the packaging.D.They can experience the excitement of online shopping.13.Why does Miss Cao love blind box toys?。
广东省广州市荔湾区2019-2020学年上学期期中考试高一数学试题数学试卷(共4页)第Ⅰ部分基础检测(共100分)一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合要求的.1.设集合{}0,2,M x =,{}0,1N =,若N M ⊆,则x 的值为( ). A .2B .0C .1D .不能确定2.已知集合{}2|10A x x mx =++=,若A R =∅,则实数m 的取值范围是( ).A .2m <B .2m >-C .22m -≤≤D .22m -<<3.下列四个图形中,不是以x 为自变量的函数的图象是( ).A.B .C.D.4.设函数221,1()2,1x x f x x x x ⎧-⎪=⎨+->⎪⎩≤则1(2)f f ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭的值为( ). A .18 B .2716-C .89D .15165.设0x 是方程2ln(1)x x+=的解,则0x 在下列哪个区间内( ). A .(0,1)B .(1,2)C .(2,e)D .(3,4)6.下列函数中,既是偶函数,又在(0,)+∞单调递增的函数是( ). A .2y x =-B .||2x y -=C .1y x=D .lg ||y x =7.函数12()2x f x -=的大致图象为( ).A .B .C.D .8.已知a =,0.32b =,0.20.3c =,则a ,b ,c 三者的大小关系是( ). A .b c a >>B .b a c >>C .a b c >>D .c b a >>9.已知函数()f x 是定义在区间[2,2]-上的偶函数,当[0,2]x ∈时,()f x 是减函数,如果不等式(1)()f m f m -<成立,则实数m 的取值范围( ). A .11,2⎡⎫-⎪⎢⎣⎭B .(1,2)C .(,0)-∞D .(,1)-∞10.已知4log 28a =,5log 35b =,6log 42c =,则a ,b ,c 的大小关系为( ). A .b c a <<B .c b a <<C .a c b <<D .a b c <<11.对于任意两个正整数m ,n ,定义某种运算“⊕”如下:当m ,n 都为正偶数或正奇数时,m n m n ⊕=+;当m ,n 中一个为正偶数,另一个为正奇数时,m n mn ⊕=,则在此定义下,集合{}(,)|12,*,*M a b a b a b =⊕=∈∈N N 中的元素个数是( ).A .10个B .15个C .16个D .18个12.设函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上为增函数,且(1)0f =,则使()()0f x f x x--<的x 的取值范围为( ).A .(1,0)(1,)-+∞B .(,1)(0,1)-∞-C .(,1)(1,)-∞-+∞D .(1,0)(0,1)-二、填空题(本大题共2小题,每小题5分,共10分)13.若函数()(1)a f x m x =-是幂函数,则函数()log ()a g x x m m =-+(其中0a >,1a ≠)的图象恒过定点A 的坐标为__________. 14.已知函数1()lg51xf x x x+=++-,且()6f a =,则()f a -=__________. 三、解答题:本大题共3小题,共30分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题满分10分)已知函数21()42a f x x ax =-+-+. (1)若2a =,求函数()f x 在区间[0,1]上的最小值.(2)若函数()f x 在区间[0,1]上的最大值是2,求实数a 的值.16.(本小题满分10分)化简计算.(1(0,0)a b >>.(2)522log 253log 648ln1+-.(3)916log 16log 2534+.(4)5lg242log 9log 1210--+.17.(本小题满分12分)为了检验某种溶剂的挥发性,在容器为1升的容器中注入溶液,然后在挥发的过程中测量剩余溶液的容积,已知溶剂注入过程中,其容积y (升)与时间t (分钟)成正比,且恰在2分钟注满;注入完成后,y 与t 的关系为3015t a y -⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭(a 为常数),如图.(1)求容积y 与时间t 之间的函数关系式.(2)当容积中的溶液少于8毫升时,试验结束,则从注入溶液开始,至少需要经过多少分钟,才能结束试验?)第二部分 能力检测(共50分)四、填空题:本大题共2小题,每小题5分,共10分.18.函数12()log (42)x xf x =-的单调递减区间为__________.19.定义(),()(()()(),()()g x f x g x f x g x f x f xg x ⎧⊗=⎨<⎩≥,若39101,109()10log (1),9x x f x x x ⎧+⎪⎪=⎨⎪-->⎪⎩≤,()|1|g x x =-,则函数()()(h x f x g x =⊗在3,22⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦的单调性是__________.(填“递增”、“递减”、“先减后增”、“先增后减”其中之一即可)五、解答题:本大题3小题,共40分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 20.(本小题满分12分)已知函数()log (2)log (2)a a f x x x =+--,0a >且1a ≠. (1)求函数()f x 的定义域.(2)若()log ()a f x x t =+有且仅有一实根,求实数t 的取值范围.21.(本小题满分14分)定义在R 上的非负函数()f x ,对任意的x ,y ∈R 都有()()()f x f y f xy =且(0)0f =,(1)1f -=,当1y >,都有()1f y >.(1)求(1)f 的值,并证明()f x 是偶函数. (2)求证:()f x 在(0,)+∞上递增.(3)求满足2312f x x ⎛⎫-< ⎪⎝⎭成立的x 的取值范围.22.(本小题满分14分)已知函数1()(0,1)xxtf x a a a a -=+>≠是定义域为R 是奇函数. (1)求实数t 的值.(2)若(1)0f >,不等式2()(4)0f x bx f x ++->在R 上恒成立,求实数b 的取值范围. (3)若3(1)2f =,且221()2()xx h x a mf x a =+-在[1,)+∞上的最小值为2-,求m 的值.广东省广州市荔湾区2019-2020学年上学期期中考试高一数学试题参考答案数学试卷(共4页)第Ⅰ部分基础检测(共100分)一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合要求的.1.设集合{}0,2,M x =,{}0,1N =,若N M ⊆,则x 的值为( ). A .2 B .0 C .1 D .不能确定【答案】C【解析】{}0,2,M x =,{}0,1N =, ∵N M ⊆, ∴0M ∈,1M ∈, ∴1x =. 故选C .2.已知集合{}2|10A x x mx =++=,若A R =∅,则实数m 的取值范围是( ).A .2m <B .2m >-C .22m -≤≤D .22m -<<【答案】D【解析】{}2|10A x x mx =++=为方程210x mx ++=的根的集合,∵A R =∅, ∴A =∅, ∴240m ∆=-<, 解得22m -<<. 故选D .3.下列四个图形中,不是以x 为自变量的函数的图象是( ).A.B .C.D.【答案】C【解析】解:由函数定义知,定义域内的每一个x 都有唯一数值与之对应, A ,B ,D 选项中的图象都符合;C 项中对于大于零的x 而言,有两个不同的值与之对应,不符合函数定义.根据函数的定义中“定义域内的每一个x 都有唯一的函数值与之对应”判断. 故选C .4.设函数221,1()2,1x x f x x x x ⎧-⎪=⎨+->⎪⎩≤则1(2)f f ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭的值为( ). A .18 B .2716-C .89D .1516【答案】D【解析】解:函数221,1()2,1x x f x x x x ⎧-⎪=⎨+->⎪⎩≤,2(2)2224f =+-=,则2111151(2)4416f f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫==-= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭, 故选D .5.设0x 是方程2ln(1)x x+=的解,则0x 在下列哪个区间内( ). A .(0,1)B .(1,2)C .(2,e)D .(3,4)【答案】B【解析】构造函数2()ln(1)f x x x=+-, ∵(1)ln 210f =-<,(2)ln310f =->, ∴函数2()ln(1)f x x x=+-的零点属于区间(1,2),即0x 属于区间(1,2). 故选B .6.下列函数中,既是偶函数,又在(0,)+∞单调递增的函数是( ). A .2y x =-B .||2x y -=C .1y x=D .lg ||y x =【答案】D【解析】0x >时,2y x =-在(0,)+∞单调递减,||1222xx xy --⎛⎫=== ⎪⎝⎭在(0,)+∞单调递减, 11y x x==在(0,)+∞单调递减, lg ||lg y x x ==在(0,)+∞单调递增.故选D .7.函数12()2x f x -=的大致图象为( ).A .B.C.D.【答案】A 【解析】1112221()222x x x f x ---+⎛⎫=== ⎪⎝⎭,∴12()2x f x -=的图象为12xy ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭的图象向右平移12个单位所得.故选A .8.已知a =,0.32b =,0.20.3c =,则a ,b ,c 三者的大小关系是( ). A .b c a >> B .b a c >> C .a b c >> D .c b a >>【答案】A【解析】10.220.30.31a c ==<=<, 0.30221b =>=,∴b c a >>. 故选A .9.已知函数()f x 是定义在区间[2,2]-上的偶函数,当[0,2]x ∈时,()f x 是减函数,如果不等式(1)()f m f m -<成立,则实数m 的取值范围( ). A .11,2⎡⎫-⎪⎢⎣⎭B .(1,2)C .(,0)-∞D .(,1)-∞【答案】A【解析】解:偶函数()f x 在[0,2]上是减函数,∴其在(2,0)-上是增函数,由此可以得出,自变量的绝对值越小,函数值越大, ∴不等式(1)()f m f m -<可以变为|1|||22212m m m m ->⎧⎪-⎨⎪--⎩≤≤≤≤,解得11,2m ⎡⎫∈-⎪⎢⎣⎭.故选A .10.已知4log 28a =,5log 35b =,6log 42c =,则a ,b ,c 的大小关系为( ). A .b c a <<B .c b a <<C .a c b <<D .a b c <<【答案】B【解析】解:444log 28log (47)1log 7a ==⨯=+,555log 35log (57)1log 7b ==⨯=+, 666log 42log (67)1log 7c ==⨯=+, 且654lg7lg7lg7log 7log 7log 7lg6lg5lg 4===<=, ∴c b a <<. 故选B .11.对于任意两个正整数m ,n ,定义某种运算“⊕”如下:当m ,n 都为正偶数或正奇数时,m n m n ⊕=+;当m ,n 中一个为正偶数,另一个为正奇数时,m n mn ⊕=,则在此定义下,集合{}(,)|12,*,*M a b a b a b =⊕=∈∈N N 中的元素个数是( ).A .10个B .15个C .16个D .18个【答案】B【解析】12111210394857661122634=+=+=+=+=+=+=⨯=⨯=⨯,其中26⨯舍去,66+只有一个,其余的都有2个,所以满足条件的(,)a b 有:27115⨯+=个. 故选B .12.设函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上为增函数,且(1)0f =,则使()()0f x f x x--<的x 的取值范围为( ).A .(1,0)(1,)-+∞B .(,1)(0,1)-∞-C .(,1)(1,)-∞-+∞D .(1,0)(0,1)-【答案】D【解析】∵奇函数()f x 在(0,)+∞为增函数, ∴()f x 在(,0)-∞为增函数, ∵(1)0f =, ∴(1)(1)0f f -=-=,∴当(,1)(0,1)x ∈-∞-,()0f x <, 当(1,0)(1,)x ∈-+∞,()0f x >,又()()()()2()0f x f x f x f x f x x x x--+==<,∴()0xf x <,∴当0x >,()0f x <,(0,1)x ∈, 当0x <,()0f x >,(1,0)x ∈-, 综上,x 的取值范围为(1,0)(0,1)-.故选D .二、填空题(本大题共2小题,每小题5分,共10分)13.若函数()(1)a f x m x =-是幂函数,则函数()log ()a g x x m m =-+(其中0a >,1a ≠)的图象恒过定点A 的坐标为__________. 【答案】(3,2)【解析】∵()(1)a f x m x =-是幂函数, ∴11m -=解得2m =,∴()log ()log (2)2a a g x x m m x =-+=-+, 当3x =,(3)log (32)22a f =-+=, ∴()g x 的图象恒过定点(3,2).14.已知函数1()lg 51xf x x x+=++-,且()6f a =,则()f a -=__________. 【答案】4【解析】∵1()lg 51xf x x x+=++-, ∴1()lg 51xf x x x--=-+++ 1lg51xx x+=--+-1lg 51x x x +⎛⎫=-++ ⎪-⎝⎭,又1()lg 561af a a a+=++=-, ∴1lg11aa a++=-, ∴1()lg 51541a f a a a +⎛⎫-=-++=-+= ⎪-⎝⎭.三、解答题:本大题共3小题,共30分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题满分10分)已知函数21()42a f x x ax =-+-+. (1)若2a =,求函数()f x 在区间[0,1]上的最小值.(2)若函数()f x 在区间[0,1]上的最大值是2,求实数a 的值. 【答案】(1)0.(2)6-或103. 【解析】∵2a =,∴221()242a f x x ax x x =-+-+=-+, 对称轴为直线212(1)x =-=⨯-,∴()f x 在区间[0,1]上的最小值是(0)0f =,解:配方,得22211()242442a a a a f x x ax x ⎛⎫=-++-=--+-+ ⎪⎝⎭, ∴函数()y f x =的图象开口向下的抛物线,关于直线2ax =对称. (1)当[0,1]2a∈,即02a ≤≤时,()f x 的最大值为2122442a aa f ⎛⎫=-+= ⎪⎝⎭,解之得2a =-,或3,经检验不符合题意. (2)当12a>时,即2a >时,函数在区间中[0,1]上是增函数, ∴()f x 的最大值为1(1)1224a f a =++-=,解之得103a =. (3)当02a<时,即0a <时,函数在区间中[0,1]上是减函数, ∴()f x 的最大值为1(0)224af =-=,解之得6a =-,综上所述,得当()f x 区间[0,1]上的最大值为2时,a 的值为6-或103.16.(本小题满分10分)化简计算.(1(0,0)a b >>.(2)522log 253log 648ln1+-.(3)916log 16log 2534+.(4)5lg 242log 9log 1210--+.【答案】(1)a .(2)22.(3)9.(4)85-.【解析】(1)原式2112331111444323a bab++⨯-⨯+⋅=⋅52773333ab--=a =.(2)原式26522log 53log 280=+-⨯2236=⨯+⨯22=.(3)原式916log 16112log 2521(16)9⎛⎫ ⎪=+ ⎪⎝⎭log 2516911log 1622(9)(16)=+11221625=+45=+9=.(4)原式(lg5lg 2)lg9lg1210lg 4lg 2--=-+ 22lg 2lg52lg3lg(32)10lg 2lg 2-⨯=-+ 2lg3lg32lg 222lg 2lg 25+=-+ 225=-+85=-.17.(本小题满分12分)为了检验某种溶剂的挥发性,在容器为1升的容器中注入溶液,然后在挥发的过程中测量剩余溶液的容积,已知溶剂注入过程中,其容积y (升)与时间t (分钟)成正比,且恰在2分钟注满;注入完成后,y 与t 的关系为3015t a y -⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭(a 为常数),如图.(1)求容积y 与时间t 之间的函数关系式.(2)当容积中的溶液少于8毫升时,试验结束,则从注入溶液开始,至少需要经过多少分钟,才能结束试验?)【答案】(1)2301,0221,25t t t y t -⎧⎪⎪=⎨⎛⎫⎪> ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩≤≤.(2)92. 【解析】解:(1)∵两分钟匀速注满容积为1升的容器, ∴注入速度为12(升/分),在注入过程中,02t ≤≤,容积y 与时间t 的关系是12y t =, 注入结束后,y 与t 的关系为3015ta y -=,且当2t =时,1y =,有230115a -=,解得115a =, ∴在注入结束后,2t >,容积y 与时间t 的关系是23015t y -=,综上所述,y 与x 的函数关系式为2301,0221,25t t t y t -⎧⎪⎪=⎨⎛⎫⎪> ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩≤≤. (2)试验结束的条件是:容器注满之后,容积减少为8毫升之后, 即23021851000t t ->⎧⎪⎨<⎪⎩,即233021155t t ->⎧⎪⎨<⎪⎩,即22330t t >⎧⎪-⎨>⎪⎩,解得92t >.第二部分能力检测(共50分)四、填空题:本大题共2小题,每小题5分,共10分.18.函数12()log (42)x xf x =-的单调递减区间为__________. 【答案】(0,)+∞【解析】12()log (42)x xf x =-,(0,)x ∈+∞,令2x t =,则(1,)t ∈+∞,22112211()log ()log 24f x t t t ⎡⎤⎛⎫=-=--⎢⎥ ⎪⎝⎭⎢⎥⎣⎦,当(1,)t ∈+∞,212()log ()g t t t =-单调递减, ∴()f x 的单调减区间为(0,)+∞.19.定义(),()(()()(),()()g x f x g x f x g xf x f xg x ⎧⊗=⎨<⎩≥,若39101,109()10log (1),9x x f x x x ⎧+⎪⎪=⎨⎪-->⎪⎩≤,()|1|g x x =-,则函数()()(h x f x g x =⊗在3,22⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦的单调性是__________.(填“递增”、“递减”、“先减后增”、“先增后减”其中之一即可) 【答案】先增后减【解析】由定义()()f x g x ⊗结果为()f x ,()g x 的较小者3,22x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,3()log (1)f x x =--单调递减,3()[0,log 2]f x ∈, ()1g x x =-单调递增,1(),12g x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,又31log 212<<,∴0x ∃,03,2x x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,()()f x g x >,()()h x g x =,(]0,2x x ∈,()()f x g x <,()()h x f x =,∴()h x 在3,22⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦先增后减.五、解答题:本大题3小题,共40分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 20.(本小题满分12分)已知函数()log (2)log (2)a a f x x x =+--,0a >且1a ≠. (1)求函数()f x 的定义域.(2)若()log ()a f x x t =+有且仅有一实根,求实数t 的取值范围. 【答案】(1)(2,2)-.(2)(2,)+∞.【解析】(1)∵()log (2)log (2)a a f x x x =+--, ∴2020x x +>⎧⎨->⎩,解得22x -<<,∴()f x 的定义域为(2,2)-. (2)()log (2)log (2)a a f x x x =+-- 2log 2ax x+=-, ∵()log ()a f x x t =+有且仅有一实根, ∴22x x t x+=+-在(2,2)-上有且仅有一实根, 整理得2(1)220x t x t +-+-=在(2,2)-上, 有且仅有一实根,令2()(1)22f x x t x t =+-+-, ∴(2)(2)0f f -<,即4(84)0t -<,解得2t >.21.(本小题满分14分)定义在R 上的非负函数()f x ,对任意的x ,y ∈R 都有()()()f x f y f xy =且(0)0f =,(1)1f -=,当1y >,都有()1f y >.(1)求(1)f 的值,并证明()f x 是偶函数. (2)求证:()f x 在(0,)+∞上递增.(3)求满足2312f x x ⎛⎫-< ⎪⎝⎭成立的x 的取值范围.【答案】(1)(1)1f =.(2)见解析.(3)1,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭.【解析】(1)∵()()()f x f y f xy =,(1)1f -=, ∴令1x y ==-,则1xy =,即(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)1f f f --==+⨯+=, ∴(1)1f =,()[(1)](1)()()f x f x f f x f x -=-⋅=-=,∴()f x 是偶函数.(2)任取120x x <<,由于()f x 在R 上非负,211x x >, ∴222111221111()()1()()()x x f x f x f x x f x x f f x f x f x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫⋅ ⎪ ⎪⎛⎫⎝⎭⎝⎭===> ⎪⎝⎭, ∴21()()f x f x >, ∴()f x 在(0,)+∞上递增.(3)∵()f x 为R 上偶函数且()f x 在(0,)+∞上递增, ∴由231(1)2f x x f ⎛⎫-<= ⎪⎝⎭,得2312x x --<,解得:122x -<<,∴x 的取值范围为1,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭.22.(本小题满分14分)已知函数1()(0,1)x xtf x a a a a -=+>≠是定义域为R 是奇函数. (1)求实数t 的值.(2)若(1)0f >,不等式2()(4)0f x bx f x ++->在R 上恒成立,求实数b 的取值范围. (3)若3(1)2f =,且221()2()xx h x a mf x a =+-在[1,)+∞上的最小值为2-,求m 的值.【答案】(1)2t =.(2)(3,5)-.(3)2m =.【解析】解:(1)因为()f x 是定义域为R 的奇函数,所以(0)0f =, 所以1(1)0t +-=,所以2t =.(2)由(1)知:1()(0,1)xxf x a a a a =->≠, 因为(1)0f >,所以10a a->,又0a >且1a ≠,所以1a >, 所以1()xxf x a a =-是R 上的单调递增, 以()f x 是定义域为R 是奇函数,所以222()(4)0()(4)4f x bx f x f x bx f x x bx x ++->⇒+>-⇔+>-, 即240x bx x +-+>在x ∈R 上恒成立, 所以2(1)160b ∆=--<,即35b -<<, 所以实数b 的取值范围为(3,5)-. (3)因为3(1)2f =,所以132a a -=,解得2a =或12a =-(舍去),所以2221111()22222222222xx x x x xx xh x m m ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=+--=---+ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭, 令1()22x u f x x ==-,则2()22f u u mu =-+, 因为1()22x f x x =-在R上为增函数,且1x ≥,所以3(1)2u f =≥, 因为221()22()2xxh x mf x =--在[1,)+∞上的最小值为2-, 所以2()22g u u mu =-+在3,2⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭上的最小值为2-,因为222()22()2g u u mu u m m =-+=-+-的对称轴为u m =,所以当32m ≥时,2min ()()22f u g m m ==-=-,解得2m =或2m =-(舍去),当32m <时,min 317()3224f u f m ⎛⎫==-=- ⎪⎝⎭,解得253122m =>, 综上可知:2m =.。
2018-2019学年广东省广州市荔湾区高一(上)期末英语试卷副标题题号I II III IV V VI VII VIII 总分得分一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)AMy dog died.Yes,she was very old,deaf,and partially blind.She had long lost her youthful energy.Watching her settle into her bed was as painful for me as it was for her.In the past few months,she had begun to bark at strangers and at neighbors.All this was from a dog who didn't mind if a grandchild pulled her tail.Knowing her getting on in years doesn′t lessen the loss,however.My husband had found her abandoned (被抛弃)on his farm and brought her home.She was a black and dirty bag of bones who got nervous when we got near.I like to think that the 13 years she spent with us were filled with love.Every so often,though,my husband would remind me that her days were counted,and we agreed that if she showed any signs of pain,we would put her down.No need for her to suffer,no need for us to hold on tight.I tried to prepare myself for her passing away.Yet,when it came on a bright,hot Tuesday afternoon,I wasn't ready.I was angry about the unfairness of it all.We can't really live every day as if it were our last.It would be tiring.But we could be able to behave ourselves in a reasonable manner if we thought everyone we loved wouldn't be around for another sunrise.We do love our pets,don't we?They become an important part of the family.So I can't help but cry.I still look for her in my home office,where she slept.I still expect her to come and sit at my feet or to climb to the front door when one of the children stops by.And I miss my routine of the walks,the feeding and the bathing.I miss her presence and the sense of being shadowed around the house;but more than anythingI miss the knowledge that she loved me so unconditionally and without question.1.How was the authors life with her dog______A. Joyful.B. Upsetting.C. Surprising.D. Troublesome.2.How did the author feel when her dog died______A. She was calm because of the preparations for the day.B. She was heart-broken as if she had lost a family member.C. She was happy that the dog was now free from pain.D. She was at a loss about how to deal with death.3.What can we learn from Paragraph 5______A. The dog died at the age of 13.B. The couple decided to end their dog's life when it was sick.C. They were not willing to see their dog suffer.D. The author had been ready for her dog's passing away.4.What does the author think about living every day as the last day______A. It is meaningless and tiring.B. It makes people improve their behavior.C. It makes people accept death peacefully.D. It helps people value their loved ones.5.The author wrote this article mainly to ______ .A. express how much she loved her dogB. encourage readers to keep petsC. persuade people to accept what happens in lifeD. show what she learnt from raising a dogBFrom the moment Atmane Airouche,president of French soccer club AS Bondy,saw Kylian Mbappe,he knew this 5-year-old kid would have a big future ahead of him."He's got eyes in the back of his head.He knows how to anticipate where the ball will go," Airouche said.When Mbappe scored for France in the final of this year's World Cup,that future had definitely arrived.Earlier this month,he made the cover of Time magazine,which even named him the "the future of football".At the age of 19,Mbappe has put his heart and soul into soccer for most of his time."I didn't have the moments of so-called normal people when I was a teenager,like going out with friends,enjoying good times," he told Time.His hard work isn't the only reason for his success,however.If you look at his background,you'll see that sport is in his blood.His father is a soccer coach and his mother used to be a handball player.Mbappe began his professional career for a lesser-known club in Monaco in 2015,but within two years,Paris St Germain paid ?180 million (1.4 billion Yuan)for Mbappe's transfer (转会),making him the second most expensive player in the world.He quickly proved he was worth the money by playing a big part last season,in which the club won the biggest competitions in the French league.All players,great,good and average,have heroes.They see a star player and try to be like that player.As a child,Mbappe looked up to Cristiano Ronaldo.But if the Portuguese striker was an inspiration(启发)to him,Mbappe says he wants to be a greater star one day.Speaking to Marca newspaper,Mbappe said that he loves Ronaldo,but believes he can be better than him."I am a competitor and a person who is very competitive and all I want to do is win,win,win," he said.Only the years ahead will tell whether he can succeed,but whatever Mbappe does on the field,it will likely be remarkable.6.The underlined word "anticipate" in Paragraph 2 most probably means " ______ ".A. judgeB. seeC. hearD. change7.What did Mbappe often do as a teenager?______A. He refused to listen to his father's advice on soccer.B. He often practised handball with his mother.C. He hung out with his friends a lot.D. He spent most of his time playing soccer.8.After transferring to Paris St Germain,Mbappe ______ .A. had less time to practice soccerB. worked hard to prove his valueC. found it easier to improve his skillsD. felt it was too competitive there9.Which of the following statements is true______A. Both of Mbappe's parents are very good soccer players.B. Mbappe earned 1.4 billion Yuan two years after he started his career.C. Cristiano Ronaldo inspires him to be a great player.D. Mbappe started his career by playing for a famous soccer club.10.What can we learn from Mbappe's words to Marca______A. He is sure that he will be a star in his middle age.B. He sees Ronaldo as his enemy in soccer.C. He loves challenging himself.D. He is afraid of failure in sports.CA PhD student surnamed Sun is in the hot seat for occupying a woman's seat on a high-speed train on Aug 21.In a video posted on Sina Weibo,the man can be seen sitting relaxedly in a seat.When the woman asked him to give her seat back,he refused and said:"You have three choices-stand,take my seat or go to the dining coach."A train staff then came to try to persuade him to give the seat back.Sun claimed he wasn't able to stand on his own and asked for a wheelchair.Left with no other way out,the staff led the female passenger to another seat,China Daily reported.The video quickly lighted debate online.Many have expressed anger at the man's behavior.Some people even dug up the man's name,as well as his education and work experience,and put this information online.Rumor had it that Sun works at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS).However,CASS denied the rumor,saying,"Sun was a Master of Law student at the academy between 2013 and 2016,but never worked there."The Jinan Public Security Bureau handed down a punishment for Sun on Aug 24.He was fined 200 Yuan and will not be allowed to buy train tickets for a set period of time,the People's Daily reported.However,some think the punishment was not strict enough,adding that those who act like Sun on airplanes can be found guilty(有罪的),China News Service noted.Experts explained that the bureau could only punish Sun in this way according to present laws and regulations.But they added that such laws could be improved to stop train passengers from behaving poorly.11.What does the underlined phrase "in the hot seat" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean______A. Sitting in the center of a room.B. Becoming others' heated topic.C. Sitting on an uncomfortable seat.D. Becoming popular with people.12.What do we know from the video posted on Sina Weibo______A. Sun was sitting in someone else's seat.B. Sun was shown to the seat by a passenger.C. Sun was not able to stand up.D. Sun wanted to sit in a wheelchair.13.What did other people respond to Sun's behavior______A. They showed their understanding.B. They started to beat him.C. They felt angry about what he did.D. They were afraid of his behavior.14.Which of the following statements is NOT true______A. Sun was a student at CASS from 2013 to 2016.B. The female passenger got another seat with the help of passengers.C. Videos on Weibo can be seen by the public.D. People reacted differently to the punishment.15.What can be inferred from the story______A. Sun's legs were seriously injured.B. It's fine to put others,personal information online.C. Bad behavior on planes is not punished.D. Laws that punish bad behavior on trains are not as strict as those for planes.二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共10.0分)Riding a Mobike on the street,you might hear people speaking Chinese aloud.(1) Walking into a store,you may see Huawei smartphones for sale.This isn't referring to China,but Manchester,UK.(2) Indeed,Chinese products have gone global.(3) But to meet local peopled tastes,Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes."One example is the meat," said Yin Hang,who is studying at the University of Wollongong in Australia."We like to eat meat with the bone in,but people here don't.So Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones,even for fish."(4) In many cities in Europe,stores sell TCL televisions,Haier fridges and Lenovo computers,reported Reuters.More than half of US-owned drones (无人机)are Chinese models,according to China Daily.They're not simply made in China,but designed and developed in the country.In the past,most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable.(5) ."Made in China" has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands.For example,Huawei,one of China's major smartphone makers,overtook Apple in global smartphone sales for the first time in June and July last year,behind only Samsung,noted consulting (咨询)firm Counterpoint Research."They are beautiful and offer some unique features American phones don't have," CNN once said about Chinese smartphones.A.Many Chinese brands are also becoming more popular.B.What is the biggest problem with many Chinese brands?C.In fact,you might see similar things in many other cities around the world.D.Turning to the right,you may see a Chinese restaurant.E.There are many restaurants providing western foods in China.F.But things have changed greatly.G.Chinese food has been enjoyed in Western countries for a long time.16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空(本大题共20小题,共30.0分)I went with some friends for a dinner in a very popular local restaurant.It was peak business time and the restaurant was crowded.We (21)found a table in a corner for three of us.As soon as we sat down,we heard a crash when a cleaning boy (22)the floor with all the plates he was carrying.There was (23)and no one was saying or doing anything.In a flash I remembered my(24)many years ago.Once I passed out (晕厥)in the airport because I had rushed there on my own with a(n)(25)stomach.I was(26)and taken care of by two strangers.Now this was my chance to(27)it forward.I ran to the young man's side (28),turned him on his back and screamed for someone to (29)a hot drink.Soon people started asking if I was a doctor.I said I was not,(30)I was skillful at passing out.The kid soon opened his eyes,(31)what had happened.I(32)him by saying it was OK and I had had a (33)experience.He had not eaten anything.I held the (34)drink- to his mouth and sat with him till he felt OK.By then,the (35)had arrived.I asked her to give the kid something to eat.I offered to pay.The manager was kind enough to refuse the (36)and agreed to make sure the kid had eaten before he went home.By the time all was (37),it was getting late for my friends.Since we hadn't (38) anything yet,we decided to go home.I slowly walked home,not hungry any more,feeling (39)for the opportunity I pay forward the (40)I had received many years ago.21. A. actually B. finally C. eagerly D. gradually22. A. kicked B. touched C. hit D. swept23. A. silence B. danger C. doubt D. noise24. A. adventure B. experience C. flight D. lesson25. A. uneasy B. nervous C. empty D. full26. A. setup B. put up C. looked up D. picked up27. A. pay B. return C. take D. put28. A. immediately B. slowly C. sadly D. peacefully29. A. drag B. send C. serve D. bring30. A. and B. so C. because D. but31. A. knowing B. ignoring C. wondering D. arguing32. A. reminded B. comforted C. answered D. encouraged33. A. memorable B. personal C. similar D. common34. A. cool B. refreshing C. sweet D. warm35. A. customer B. manager C. waitress D. doctor36. A. payment B. reward C. suggestion D. support37. A. up B. away C. over D. behind38. A. prepared B. demanded C. received D. ordered39. A. ready B. grateful C. anxious D. ashamed40. A. kindness B. honor C. inspiration D. service四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)41.From the Great Wall to the "Bird's Nest",Chinese people have always been praised for(1) (they)building skills and wisdom.On Oct 23,President Xi Jinping (2) (announce)the opening of the HongKong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB)(3) the opening ceremony in- Zhuhai,Guangdong province.The HZMB,(4) is located at the waters of the Lingdingyang of Pearl River Mouth,isa huge sea crossing,(5) (link)the Hong Kong SAR,Zhuhai city and the Macao SAR.As the world's (6) (long)sea-based project,the 55-kilometre bridge is the result of five years of research and another nine years of building.The project (7) (make)up of a 22.9-kilometer-long main bridge,a 6.7-kilometer-long tunnel(随道)and (8) man-made island off the bridge."The bridge will not only be a transport link.It will be a social,(9) (culture),and tourism connection among the three areas,"Yu Lie,deputy director of the HZMBAuthority,told Xinhua.Indeed,"the HZMB is one of the most important (10) (point)of the development of the Bay Area," said Jason Ni Mengcheng,an assistant professor at City University of Hong Kong.五、短文改错(本大题共10小题,共10.0分)42.Who is interviewed by the reporter over there now?______43.The shop assistant asked me which one I will take.______44.It was in the hall where Mr. Thomson gave a speech to us on environmental protection.______45.They would rather bear hunger than to have his bread.______46.Great changes are taking place in the city which I live.______47.Have you taken down everything which Mr. Li said?______48.Two fifths of the land in that district are covered with trees and grass.______49.Scientists are in search for a cure for this cancer.______50.When heating, ice can be changed into water.______51.They are making every effort to decreasing the production cost.______六、单词拼写-单句(本大题共10小题,共10.0分)52.Having______(患有)from heart trouble for years, Professor White must take some medicine with him wherever he goes.53.______ (实际上),you owe me more than this.54.The tight______(日程表)keeps him busy all the time.55.The flood______(毁坏)a lot of houses and many people became homeless.56.It is important that we should take an______(积极的)part in protecting the environment.st week, thanks to the skills, he and his friend succeeded in______(幸存)the terribleearthquake.58.I think store shopping will exist along with online shopping. Online shopping will never______(取代) it.59.Jack is______(可依赖的),I'm sure he can do the work well.60.Tom often dreams of______(探索)the outer space one day.61.His______(态度)towards me was that of a helpful friend.七、完成句子(本大题共5小题,共10.0分)62.我己经下定决心离开,不管你说什么我都不会改主意了.I have______to leave, and nothing you say will change it.63.城市一片废墟,上百万人无家可归.The city lay______ and______ people had no place to live in.64.当你遇到困难时,不要失去信心.Don't______ when you______ difficulty.65.请把你的包从堯子上拿下来,这样我可以坐.Please______ your bag______ the seat______ I can sit down.66.政府提出了一项新的政策,旨在保护城市里的一些重要历史遗迹.The government has______ a new policy______ preserving the city's important historica l sites.八、书面表达(本大题共1小题,共20.0分)67.随着高科技的迅猛发展,人们的生活方式发生了很大的变化.请你以支付宝为例,谈谈它对我们日常生活的影响,并且提出你对使用支付宝的建议.写作要点:1.支付宝的用途;2.使用支付宝的注意事项;3.你的感受或建议.提示词:支付宝Alipay注意:1)词数100左右;开头己给出,不计入总词数;2)适当发挥想象,增加细节以使行文连贯.With the development of high technology, great changes have taken place in our daily life. Take Alipay as an example.答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】B 【小题3】C 【小题4】D 【小题5】D【解析】1.A.细节理解题.根据第五段I like to think that the 13years she spent with us were filled with love.可知,我认为她和我们一起度过的13年充满了爱.故选A.2.B.细节理解题.根据第八段We do love our pets,don't we They become an important part of the family. So I can't help but cry.可知,当她的狗死了以后,她心碎了,好像失去了一个家庭成员.故选B.3.C.推理判断题.根据第五段Every so often, though, my husband would remind me that her days were count ed, and we agreed that if she showed any signs of pain, we would put her down . No need for her to suffer, no need for us to hold on tight. I tried to prepare myself for her passing away.但是,我的丈夫经常会提醒我,她的日子已被计算在内,我们同意,如果她有任何疼痛的迹象,我们会把她放下.她不需要受苦,也不需要我们紧紧抓住.我试着为她的去世做好准备.可以看出,他们不愿意看到他们的狗受苦.故选C.4.D.推理判断题.根据第七段 But we could be able to behave ourselves in a reasonable manner if we thoughteveryone we loved wouldn't be around for another sunrise.但是如果我们认为我们所爱的每个人都不会在另一个日出时出现,我们就能够以合理的方式表现自己.可知,作者认为这可以帮助人们珍惜亲人.故选D.5.D.主旨大意题.阅读全文,根据文章内容可知,本文讲述了作者养狗,自己的狗死了之后的内心感受,故作者写这篇文章主要是为了表达她从养狗中学到的东西.故选D.本文讲述了作者养狗,自己的狗死了之后的内心感受,如果我们认为我们所爱的每个人都不会在另一个日出时出现,我们就能够以合理的方式表现自己,珍惜我们的亲人.阅读这类文章时,应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下,主要注意细节信息.做题时,根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法找到题干在原文中的出处,再把原文和选项相比较,可达到事半功倍的效果.6.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】C 【小题5】C【解析】1.A.词义猜测题.根据第二段He knows how toanticipate where the ball will go他知道如何预测球的去向,可知划线部分是判断的含义,故选A.2.D.细节理解题.根据第五段At the age of 19, Mbappe has put his heart and soul into soccer for most of his ti me. "I didn't have the moments of so-called normal people when I was a teenager, like going out with friends, enjoying good times在19岁的时候,姆帕普把他的全部心血都投入到了足球事业中."我十几岁的时候,没有过那种所谓的正常人的时光,比如和朋友出去玩,享受美好时光,可知他大部分时间放在踢足球上,故选D.3.B.细节理解题.根据倒数第三段Paris St Germain paid ?180 million(1.4 billion Yuan) for Mbappe's transfer (转会),making him the second most expensive player in the world. He quickly proved he was worth the money by playing a big part last season巴黎圣杰曼为Mbappe的转会支付了1.8亿美元(14亿元人民币),使他迅速成为世界上第二贵的球员.上个赛季,俱乐部赢得了法国联赛中最大的一场比赛,他的表现是值得的.可知他的努力证明他的价值,故选B.4.C.细节理解题.根据倒数第二段All players,great,good and average,have heroes. They see a star player and try to be like that player. As a child, M bappe looked up to Cristiano Ronaldo. But if the Portuguese striker was an inspiration(启发)to him所有的球员,伟大的、优秀的和普通的,都有英雄.他们看到一个明星球员,并试着像那个球员一样.小时候,姆帕看着克里斯蒂亚诺罗纳尔多.可知克里斯蒂亚诺罗纳尔多激励他成为一名伟大的球员,故选C.5.C.推理判断题.根据最后一段Mbappe said that he loves Ronaldo, but believes he can be better than him. "I am a competitor and a person who is very competitive and all I want to do is win,win, win," he said.他爱罗纳尔多,但他相信自己能比他做得更好."我是一个竞争对手,是一个很有竞争力的人,我只想赢."他说.可知他是一个敢于挑战自我的人,故选C.文章介绍著名的足球球星姆帕普的事迹.做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.11.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】B 【小题5】D【解析】BACBD1.B.词义猜测题.根据该句"A PhD student surnamed Sun is in the hot."句意"8月seat for occupying a woman's seat on a high-speed train on Aug 2121日,一名姓孙的博士生因在高速列车上占据女性座位而处于尴尬境地"可知这个博士成为了人们的热门话题.故选B.2.A.细节理解题.根据短文的第一段中 A PhD student surnamed Sun is in the hot seat for occupying a woman's seat on a high-speed train on Aug 21.可知,这个博士生孙先生占了一名女士的座位.故选B.3.C.细节理解题.根据短文第二段中The video quickly caused debateonline.Many have expressed anger at the man's behavior.可知,视频传开后,引起了热论,很多人对这个人的行为都感到很愤怒.故选C.4.B.推理判断题.根据"Sun was a Master of Law student at the academy between 2013 and 2016"可知A 项说法正确;根据"The Jinan Public Security Bureau handed down a punishment for Sun on Aug 24. He was fined 200Yuan and will not be allowed to buy train tickets for a set period of time, the Peo ple's Daily reported. However, some think the punishment was not strict enough , adding that those who act like Sun on airplanes can be found guilty(有罪的),China News Service noted"可知D项说法正确;根据" In a video posted on Sina Weibo,the man can be seen sitting relaxedly in a seat."可知D说法正确;根据"Left with no other way out, the staff led the female passenger to another seat,China Daily reported"可知B项说法不对,是工作人员把女乘客带去了另一个座位.故选B.5.D.推理判断题.根据短文However,some think the punishment was not strict enough,adding that those who behave similarly on airplanes can be held criminally liable可知,一些人认为对孙的惩罚不够严厉,还说那些在飞机上行为类似的人有可能会被追究刑事责任.由此可知D选项是正确的,惩罚火车上的不良行为的法律不像对飞机那样的严格.故选D.最近一段高铁上的乘客占座的视频引发了人们的热议,这名占座的乘客是一名博士;事后济南市公安局对该名乘客进行了处罚.考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.16.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】C 【小题3】G 【小题4】A 【小题5】F 【解析】DCGAF1.D.文章衔接题.根据前文Riding a Mobike on the street,you might hear people speaking Chinese aloud.可知在街上骑着摩托车,你可能会听到人们大声说中文.根据后文Walking into a store,you may see Huawei smartphones for sale.可知走进一家商店,你可能会看到华为的智能手机正在出售.D项:Turning to the right,you may see a Chinese restaurant.向右拐,你可以看到一家中餐馆.符合文意,故选D.2.C.语境辨析题.根据后一句Indeed, Chinese products have gone global.可知中国产品已经走向全球化.并结合备选项,C项:In fact, you might see similar things in many other cities around the world.事实上,在世界各地的许多其他城市,你可能会看到类似的事情.符合语境,故选C.3.G.联系上文题.根据后一句But to meet local peopled tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes.可知为了满足当地人的口味,中国餐馆在菜肴方面做了一些改变.由此可知,空处应填与食物有关的内容.G项:Chinese food has been enjoyed in Western countries for a long time.中国菜在西方国家已经吃了很长时间了.符合语境,故选G.4.A.理解判断题.根据后一句In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters.可知据路透社报道,欧洲许多城市的商店都出售TCL电视、海尔冰箱和联想电脑.并结合备选项,A项:Many Chinese brands are also becoming more popular.许多中国品牌也变得更受欢迎."符合语境,故选A.5.F.上下文串联.根据前一句In the past,most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable.在过去,大多数西方人认为中国产品便宜而且不可靠.根据后一句"Made inChina"has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands.可知"中国制造"已经变得很酷,越来越多的人相信中国品牌.空处应填一一个表示转折的句子,结合备选项,F项:But things have changed greatly.但是事情发生了很大的变化."符合语境,故选F.本文是一则新闻报道.主要讲述了中国元素正走出国门走向世界的发展趋势.文中通过介绍中餐馆在国外怎样适应并受到欢迎,以及中国制造,如TCL、海尔、华为等知名品牌在国外上市等例子来证明中国无素已经遍及全世界.最后,根据美国主流媒体CNN的报道再一次肯定了中国制造的魅力.做七选五题目时要注意以下规则:1.放进去通顺,这一点是基础.凡不通顺的必错无疑;2、选项中有单词、词组、句子成分或与所选答案所在段内容重合;3、选项与其上句或下句之间有必然的逻辑关系;4、选项全部内容都属于正确答案所在段.有时备选答案中可能含有甲乙两项内容,这时,只有当甲和乙都归属于本段时,答案才是正确的.21.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A 【小题4】B 【小题5】C 【小题6】D 【小题7】A 【小题8】A 【小题9】D 【小题10】D 【小题11】C 【小题12】B 【小题13】C 【小题14】D 【小题15】B 【小题16】A 【小题17】C 【小题18】D 【小题19】B 【小题20】A 【解析】1-5 BCABC 6-10 DAADD 11-15 CBCDB 16-20 ACDBA1.B.考查副词及语境理解.actually事实上; finally最后; eagerly热切地; gradually逐渐地.我们最终在一个角落里找到了一张能坐下我们三个人的桌子.故答案为B.2.C.考查动词及语境理解. kicked踢; touched触摸;hit 击打;swept扫除.我们一坐下来,就听到一个清洁工把他端的所有盘子撞到地板上的声音.故答案为C.3.A.考查名词及语境理解. silence 沉默; danger 危险; doubt怀疑; noise噪音.一片寂静,没有人在说或做任何事.根据句意可知答案为A.4.B.考查名词及语境理解. adventure 冒险; flight飞行;experience经历,经验; lesson教训.在一瞬间,我想起了多年前我的经历.故答案为B.5.C.考查形容词及语境理解. uneasy不舒服的;nervous 紧张不安的; empty 空的; full满的.我在机场昏了过去,因为我自己一个空肚子冲到那里,我被两个陌生人接走了.答案为C.6.D.考查动词词组及语境理解. set up 成立; put up 张贴,举起; looked up查找; picked up接送,捡到,接收.我在机场昏了过去,因为我自己一个空肚子冲到那里,我被两个陌生人接走了.故选D.7.A.考查动词及语境理解. pay 付款; return 归还;take 拿走; put 放.现在我有机会把钱交出来了.故答案为A.8. A.考查副词及语境理解.immediately 立即; slowly慢慢地;sadly 悲伤地; peacefully 和平地;根据常识及前文I ran to the young man's side (8)可知作者马上跑到年轻人旁边,故答案为A.9.D.考查动词及语境理解.drag 拖拉; send 发出; serve 服务; bring 拿来.我立刻跑到那个年轻人的身边,把他背在背上,尖叫着要有人给带一杯热饮.故选D.10.D.考查并列连词及语境理解.and 和; so 所以; because 因为; but但是.我说我不是医生,但是我有治昏厥的技能.此处表示转折,故答案为D.11.C.考查动词及语境理解. knowing知道; ignoring忽视;wondering 想知道;arguing争论.那孩子很快睁开了眼睛,想知道发生了什么事.根据句意可知答案为C.12.B.考查动词及语境理解. reminded提醒;comforted 安慰; answered 回答; encouraged鼓励.我安慰他说,一切都好,我也有过类似的经历.可知答案为B.13.C.考查形容词及语境理解.memorable 值得纪念的; personal 个人的; similar 相似的; common共同的.我安慰他说,一切都好,我也有过类似的经历.故选C.14.D.考查形容词及语境理解.cool 凉爽的; refreshing使人重新振作的; sweet 甜的; warm温暖的.我把热饮送到他的嘴里,直到他吃完为止,和他坐在一起,直到他感觉还好.可知答案为D.15.B.考查名词及语境理解. customer 顾客; manager经理; waitress女服务员; doctor医生.到那时,经理已经到了.我让她给那孩子吃点东西.我愿意支付费用.根据句意可知答案为B.16.A.考查名词及语境理解. payment 付款;reward 报酬; suggestion建议; support支持.经理很好心地拒绝了付款,并同意在他回家之前确保孩子吃了饭.根据句意可知答案为A.17.C.考查副词及语境理解.up 向上;away离开; over结束; behind在---之后.到所有这个结束为止,再和同事们一起吃饭有点晚了.可知答案为C.18.D.考查动词及语境理解. prepared 准备; demanded 需要; received 收到; ordered命令.由于我们还没有预定任何饭菜,他们决定回家.故选D.19.B.考查形容词及语境理解. ready准备的;anxious 焦虑的;grateful 感激的; ashamed惭愧的;.我慢慢地走回家,不再饿了,我对这个机会心存感激,我为我多年前收到的善意做出了回报.根据句意可知答案为B.20.A.考查名词及语境理解. kindness 善良; honor荣誉; inspiration 鼓舞; service服务.我慢慢地走回家,不再饿了,我对这个机会心存感激,我为我多年前收到的善意做出了回报.根据句意可知答案为A.作者和办公室的一些同事一起在一家非常受欢迎的当地餐馆吃晚餐.餐馆里的一名清洁工男孩昏厥,作者有过相似的经历,救助了这个男孩.他和同事没有吃成饭,但是作者对这个机会心存感激,他为他多年前收到的善意做出了回报.近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化,试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽,综合难度不断提高.做完型填空首先要通读全文,了解大意.一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格,所以,必须先通读一至两遍,才能大概了解文章的内容.千万不要看一句,做一句.其次要逐句分析,前后一致.选择答案时,要考虑整个句子的内容,包括搭配、时态、语法等.答案全填完后,再通读一遍文章,检查是否通顺流畅了,用词得当,意思正确.41.【答案】【小题1】their【小题2】announced【小题3】at【小题4】which【小题5】linking【小题6】longest【小题7】is made【小题8】a【小题9】cultural【小题10】points【解析】1.their.考察代词.修饰名词building skills and wisdom,表示"他们的",用形容词性物主代词their.2.announced.考察谓语动词.根据时间状语On Oct 23,可知谓语动词用过去式announced.3.at.考察介词.修饰名词the opening ceremony ,表示"在",用介词at.4.which.考察定语从句.代指先行词 The HZMB,引导非限制性定语从句is located at the waters of the Lingdingyang of Pearl River Mouth,做主语,用关系。
2019~2020学年度广东省广州市荔湾区高一第一学期期末数学试卷一、选择题(本大题共12小题)1.函数的定义域为A. B. C. D.2.在下列四组函数中,与表示同一函数的是A.,B.,C.,,,D.,3.函数的零点所在的区间是A. B. C. D.4.已知向量,且,则x的值是A. B.6 C. D.5.函数在上是增函数,则a的范围是A. B. C. D.6.已知,,.,则与的夹角是A. B. C. D.7.设,,,则a、b、c的大小关系是A. B. C. D.8.为了得到函数的图象,只需把函数的图象A.向左平行移动个单位长度B.向右平行移动个单位长度C.向左平行移动个单位长度D.向右平行移动个单位长度9.已知弧度数为2的圆心角所对的弦长也是2,则这个圆心角所对的弧长是A.2B.C.D.10.已知向量,,则向量在向量方向上的投影是A. B. C.5 D.11.已知函数在一个周期内的简图如图所示,则方程为常数且在内所有解的和为A.B.C.D.12.已知函数是定义在R上的奇函数,当时,,若,则a为A. B. C.或3 D.或二、填空题(本大题共4小题)13.幂函数的图象过点,则______.14.在不考虑空气阻力的条件下,火箭的最大速度和燃料的质量Mkg、火箭除燃料外的质量mkg的函数关系是当燃料质量是火箭质量的______ 倍时,火箭的最大速度可达到.15.已知,,那么的值是______.16.在等腰直角中,,,M是斜边BC上的点,满足,若点P满足,则的取值范围为______.三、解答题(本大题共6小题)17.已知,且.求的值;求的值.18.已知全集,集合,.若,求和;若,求实数m的取值范围.19.已知.若,求的单调递减区间;若时,的最小值为,求a的值.20.药材人工种植技术具有养殖密度高、经济效益好的特点.研究表明:人工种植药材时,某种药材在一定的条件下,每株药材的年平均生长量单位:千克是每平方米种植株数x的函数.当x不超过4时,v的值为2;当时,v是x的一次函数,其中当x为10时,v的值为4;当x为20时,v的值为0.当时,求函数v关于x的函数表达式;当每平方米种植株数x为何值时,每平方米药材的年生长总量单位:千克取得最大值?并求出这个最大值.年生长总量年平均生长量种植株数21.已知,是平面内两个不共线的非零向量,,,,且A,E,C三点共线.求实数的值;已知点,,,若A,B,C,D四点按顺时针顺序构成平行四边形,求点A的坐标.22.已知函数,其中.Ⅰ当时,恒成立,求a的取值范围;Ⅱ设是定义在上的函数,在内任取个数,,,,,设,令,,如果存在一个常数,使得恒成立,则称函数在区间上的具有性质P.试判断函数在区间上是否具有性质P?若具有性质P,请求出M的最小值;若不具有性质P,请说明理由.注:答案和解析1.【参考答案】A【试题分析】解:要使有意义,则,解得,的定义域为.故选:A.可看出,要使得有意义,则需满足,解出x的范围即可.本题考查了函数定义域的定义及求法,对数函数的定义域,考查了计算能力,属于基础题.2.【参考答案】B【试题分析】解:A中的2个函数与的定义域不同,故不是同一个函数.B中的2个函数与具有相同的定义域、值域、对应关系,故是同一个函数.C中的2个函数,与,的定义域不同,故不是同一个函数.D中的2个函数,的定义域、对应关系都不同,故不是同一个函数.综上,A、C、D中的2个函数不是同一个函数,只有B中的2个函数才是同一个函数,故选B.根据题意,逐一分析研究各个选项中的2个函数是否具有相同的定义域、值域、对应关系.本题考查构成函数的三要素:定义域、值域、对应关系.相同的函数必然具有相同的定义域、值域、对应关系.3.【参考答案】C【试题分析】解:因为,,所以,函数是连续函数,所以函数的零点所在区间是;故选:C.利用函数零点存在定理,对区间端点函数值进行符号判断,异号的就是函数零点存在的区间.本题考查了函数零点的存在区间的判断;根据函数零点的判定定理,只要区间端点的函数值异号,就是函数零点存在区间.4.【参考答案】B【试题分析】解:因为,且,所以,解之可得故选B由向量平行的条件可得,解之即可.本题考查平面向量共线的坐标表示,属基础题.5.【参考答案】B【试题分析】解:因为函数,开口向下,对称轴,若函数在上是增函数,则,解得,故选:B.因为函数开口向下,对称轴,若函数在上是增函数,则,即可解出答案.本题考查二次函数的图象和性质,属于基础题.6.【参考答案】B【试题分析】解:设两个向量的夹角为故选B设出两个向量的夹角,利用向量的数量积公式列出方程,求出夹角的余弦,利用夹角的范围求出夹角.求两个向量的夹角,一般先利用向量的数量积公式求出向量夹角的余弦,注意向量夹角的范围,求出向量的夹角.7.【参考答案】A【试题分析】解:由指数函数和对数函数的图象可以得到:,,,所以故选A由指数函数和对数函数的图象可以判断a、b、c和0、1的大小,从而可以判断a、b、c的大小本题考查利用插值法比较大小,熟练掌握指数函数和对数函数的图象和取值的分布是解决本题的关键. 8.【参考答案】D【试题分析】解:设将函数的图象向右平移a个单位后,得到函数,的图象,则,解得,所以,函数的图象向右平行移动个单位长度,可得到函数,的图象,故选:D.由已知中把函数的图象平移后,得到函数,的图象,我们可以设出平移量为a,然后根据平移法则“左加右减,上加下减”构造关于平移量的方程,解方程求出平移量,即可得到答案.本题考查的知识点是函数的图象变换,其中设出平移量为a,然后根据平移法则“左加右减,上加下减”构造关于平移量的方程,是解答本题的关键.9.【参考答案】B【试题分析】本题给出扇形的圆心角和弦长,求扇形的弧长,属于基础题.作出辅助线,利用解直角三角形求出扇形的半径,是解决问题的关键.设扇形OAB中,过O点作于点C,延长OC交弧AB于D点.在利用三角函数的定义求出半径AO长,再代入弧长公式加以计算,可得所求弧长的值. 【试题答案】解:如图所示,设扇形OAB中,圆心角,过O点作于点C,延长OC,交弧AB于D点,则,,中,,得半径,弧AB长.故选B.10.【参考答案】D【试题分析】解:向量,,,;则向量在向量方向上的投影是:.故选:D.向量在向量方向上的投影,计算即可得出结论.本题考查向量的数量积,投影,属于基础题.11.【参考答案】B【试题分析】解:根据函数在一个周期内的简图,可得,再把点代入可得,求得,.再根据五点法作图可得,,故函数,显然它的一个顶点坐标为,故由图象可得方程为常数且在内所有的解共有2个,且这2个解的和等于,故选:B.由函数的图象的顶点坐标求出A,由周期求出,由五点法作图求出的值,可得函数的解析式;再利用图象以及正弦函数的图象的对称性,得出结论.本题主要考查由函数的部分图象求解析式,由函数的图象的顶点坐标求出A,由周期求出,由五点法作图求出的值,正弦函数的图象的对称性,属于中档题.12.【参考答案】D【试题分析】解:令,则,所以,则;令,则,所以,则,即,令,则,,故选:D.利用时奇函数以及在上的解析式可求得解析式,再令,根据x范围可求出a的值本题考查分段函数解析式的求法,涉及函数奇偶性的应用,求出解析式是关键,属于中档题.13.【参考答案】【试题分析】解:设幂函数,幂函数的图象过点,,解得,,,故答案为:.利用幂函数的定义即可求出.熟练掌握幂函数的定义是解题的关键14.【参考答案】63【试题分析】解:.火箭的最大速度可达,即可得,即,即,故答案为:63.火箭的最大速度可达,即,将代入题中函数关系式,利用对数的基本运算法则进行求解即可得到结论.本题主要考查对数的基本运算,考查了用函数知识解决实际问题的应用、对数的互化等知识点,属于基础题.15.【参考答案】【试题分析】解:因为,,所以.故答案为:.直接利用两角和的正切函数公式求解即可.本题考查两角和与差的三角函数,基本知识的考查.16.【参考答案】【试题分析】解:以点A为坐标原点,AB所在直线为x轴,AC所在直线为y轴,建立如图所示平面直角坐标,由可得,点P在圆上,设,易知,,由可得,,则,则,由正弦函数的有界性可知,.故答案为:.依题意,建立平面直角坐标,求出各点的坐标,可得,进而得解.本题考查平面向量的运用,通过坐标化解决问题是关键,属于基础题.17.【参考答案】解:因为.,所以,故..【试题分析】由.,利用同角三角函数关系式先求出,由此能求出的值.利用同角三角函数关系式和诱导公式能求出的值.本题考查三角函数值的求法,考查同角三角函数关系式和诱导公式等基础知识,考查运算求解能力,是中档题.18.【参考答案】解:全集,集合,.当时,,或,.集合,,,,解得,实数m的取值范围是.【试题分析】本题考查补集、并集、实数的取值范围的求法,考查补集、并集、子集的定义、不等式的性质等基础知识,考查运算求解能力,是基础题.求出全集,集合A,B,由此能求出,.求出集合,,由,列出不等式组,能求出实数m的取值范围.19.【参考答案】解:因为,由,得,所以的单调递减区间为;因为,所以,所以,所以当,即时,函数取最小值,即的最小值为,所以.【试题分析】对化简,利用整体思想,求出单调性即可;因为,所以,即时,函数取最小值,代入求出a.考查三角函数化简,单调性,最值的判断,中档题.20.【参考答案】解:由题意得,当时,;当时,设,由已知得,解得,所以,故函数.设药材每平方米的年生长总量为千克,依题意及可得,当时,为增函数,故;当时,,此时.综上所述,可知当每平方米种植10株时,药材的年生长总量取得最大值40千克.【试题分析】本题第题当时,设,然后代入两组数值,解二元一次方程组可得参数a、b的值,即可得到函数v 关于x的函数表达式;第题设药材每平方米的年生长总量为千克,然后列出表达式,再分段求出的最大值,综合两段的最大值可得最终结果.本题主要考查应用函数解决实际问题的能力,考查了理解能力,以及实际问题转化为数学问题的能力.本题属中档题.21.【参考答案】解:,因为A,E,C三点共线,所以存在实数,使得,即,得,因为,是平面内两个不共线的非零向量,所以,解得,;因为A,B,C,D四点按顺时针顺序构成平行四边形,所以,设,则,因为,所以,解得,所以点A的坐标为.【试题分析】利用A,E,C三点共线,设存在实数,使得,联立解方程组求出即可;为A,B,C,D四点按顺时针顺序构成平行四边形,所以,由,联立解方程组,求出A的坐标即可.考查向量共线定理的应用,向量的运算,平面向量的基本定理,中档题.22.【参考答案】解:Ⅰ当时,恒成立,即时,恒成立,因为,所以恒成立,即在区间上恒成立,所以,即,所以即a的取值范围是.Ⅱ由已知,可知在上单调递增,在上单调递减,对于内的任意一个取数方法,当存在某一个整数2,3,,,使得时,.当对于任意的1,2,3,,,时,则存在一个实数k使得,此时,当时,式,当时,式,当时,式.综上,对于内的任意一个取数方法,均有.所以存在常数,使恒成立,所以函数在区间上具有性质P.此时M的最小值为3.【试题分析】Ⅰ当时,恒成立,可转化为恒成立,进而转化为函数最值问题解决;Ⅱ先研究函数在区间上的单调性,然后对内的任意一个取数方法,根据性质P的定义分两种情况讨论即可:存在某一个整数2,3,,,使得时,当对于任意的1,2,3,,,时;本题考查函数恒成立问题,考查学生综合运用所学知识分析问题解决新问题的能力,本题综合性强、难度大,对知识能力要求较高.。
2019-2020学年广东省广州市荔湾区高一(上)期末数学试卷一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1.(5分)函数3()log (2)f x x =+-的定义域为( )A .1(2,2)B .1[2,2)C .1(2,2]D .1[2,2]2.(5分)在下列四组函数中,()f x 与()g x 表示同一函数的是( )A .()1f x x =-,21()1x g x x -=+B .()|1|f x x =+,11()11x x g x x x +-⎧=⎨--<-⎩…C .()1f x x =+,x R ∈,()1g x x =+,x Z ∈D .()f x x =,2()g x =3.(5分)函数()326x f x x =+-的零点所在的区间是( ) A .(1,0)-B .(0,1)C .(1,2)D .(2,3)4.(5分)已知向量(3,2)a =,(,4)b x =,且//a b ,则x 的值为( ) A .6B .6-C .83-D .835.(5分)函数2()2(1)2f x x a x =-+-+在(,4)-∞-上是增函数,则a 的范围是( ) A .[5,)+∞B .[3-,)+∞C .(-∞,3]-D .(-∞,5]-6.(5分)已知向量a ,b 满足||3a =,||23b =,3a b =-,则a 与b 的夹角是( ) A .150︒B .120︒C .60︒D .30︒7.(5分)设0.3log 4a =,4log 3b =,20.3c -=,则a 、b 、c 的大小关系是( ) A .a b c <<B .a c b <<C .c b a <<D .b a c <<8.(5分)为了得到函数cos(2)()3y x x R π=-∈的图象,只需把函数cos2y x =的图象( )A .向左平行移动3π个单位长度 B .向右平行移动3π个单位长度 C .向左平行移动6π个单位长度D .向右平行移动6π个单位长度9.(5分)已知弧度数为2的圆心角所对的弦长为2,则这个圆心角所对的弧长是( )A .2B .2sin 1C .2sin1D .sin 210.(5分)已知向量(3,4)a =-,(4,3)b =,则向量b a -在向量a 方向上的投影是( ) A.B.-C .5D .5-11.(5分)已知函数()sin()(0f x A x A ωϕ=+>,0ω>,||)2πϕ<在一个周期内的简图如图所示,则方程()(f x m m =为常数且12)m <<在[0,]π内所有解的和为( )A .6πB .3π C .2π D .π12.(5分)已知函数()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数,当0x >时,122,01()1,1log x x f x x x +<<⎧⎪=⎨⎪+⎩…,若f (a )4=-,则a 为( )A .14-B .3-C .14-或3D .14-或3-二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分. 13.(5分)已知幂函数()y f x =的图象过点,则f (4)= . 14.(5分)在不考虑空在不考虑空气阻力的条件下,某种飞行器的最大速度/vm s 和燃料的质量Mkg 、该飞行器(除燃料外)的质量mkg 的函数关系是22000log (1)Mv m=+,当燃料质量是飞行器质量的 倍时,该飞行器的最大速度为12/km s . 15.(5分)已知2tan()5αβ+=,1tan()44πβ-=,则tan()4πα+的值为 . 16.(5分)在等腰直角ABC ∆中,2A π∠=,1AB AC ==,M 是斜边BC 上的点,满足3BC BM =,若点P 满足||1AP =,则AP BM 的取值范围为 .三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 17.(10分)已知02πα<<,且5sin 13α=. (1)求tan α的值;(2)求2sin 22sin()sin 2cos ()sin 22απααπαα--++的值.18.(12分)已知全集U R =,集合2{|40}A x x x =-…,22{|(22)20}B x x m x m m =-+++…. (1)若3m =,求U B ð和AB ;(2)若B A ⊆,求实数m 的取值范围.19.(12分)已知2()2sin 2()f x x x a a R =-++∈. (1)若x R ∈,求()f x 的单调递减区间; (2)若[2x π∈,]π时,()f x 的最小值为4-,求a 的值.20.(12分)药材人工种植技术具有养殖密度高、经济效益好的特点.研究表明:人工种植药材时,某种药材在一定的条件下,每株药材的年平均生长量v (单位:千克)是每平方米种植株数x 的函数.当x 不超过4时,v 的值为2;当420x <…时,v 是x 的一次函数,其中当x 为10时,v 的值为4;当x 为20时,v 的值为0. (1)当020x <…时,求函数v 关于x 的函数表达式;(2)当每平方米种植株数x 为何值时,每平方米药材的年生长总量(单位:千克)取得最大值?并求出这个最大值.(年生长总量=年平均生长量⨯种植株数)21.(12分)已知1e ,2e 是平面内两个不共线的非零向量,122AB e e =+,12BE e e λ=-+,122EC e e =-+,且A ,E ,C 三点共线.(1)求实数λ的值;(2)已知点(2,4)D ,1(2,1)e =--,2(2,2)e =-,若A ,B ,C ,D 四点按顺时针顺序构成平行四边形,求点A 的坐标.22.(12分)已知函数()log a g x x =,其中1a >.(Ⅰ)当[0x ∈,1]时,(2)1x g a +>恒成立,求a 的取值范围;(Ⅱ)设()m x 是定义在[s ,]t 上的函数,在(,)s t 内任取1n -个数1x ,2x ,⋯,2n x -,1n x -,设1221n n x x x x --<<⋯<<,令0s x =,n t x =,如果存在一个常数0M >,使得11|()()|nii i m x m xM -=-∑…恒成立,则称函数()m x 在区间[s ,]t 上的具有性质P .试判断函数()|()|f x g x =在区间21[,]a a 上是否具有性质P ?若具有性质P ,请求出M 的最小值;若不具有性质P ,请说明理由.(注1102111:|()()||()()||()()||()()|)ni i n n i m x m x m x m x m x m x m x m x --=-=-+-+⋯+-∑2019-2020学年广东省广州市荔湾区高一(上)期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1.(5分)函数3()log (2)f x x =+-的定义域为( )A .1(2,2)B .1[2,2)C .1(2,2]D .1[2,2]【解答】解:要使()f x 有意义,则21020x x ->⎧⎨->⎩,解得122x <<,()f x ∴的定义域为1(,2)2.故选:A .2.(5分)在下列四组函数中,()f x 与()g x 表示同一函数的是( )A .()1f x x =-,21()1x g x x -=+B .()|1|f x x =+,11()11x x g x x x +-⎧=⎨--<-⎩…C .()1f x x =+,x R ∈,()1g x x =+,x Z ∈D .()f x x =,2()g x =【解答】解:A 中的2个函数()1f x x =-与21()1x g x x -=+ 的定义域不同,故不是同一个函数.B 中的2个函数()|1|f x x =+与11()11x x g x x x +-⎧=⎨--<-⎩…具有相同的定义域、值域、对应关系,故是同一个函数.C 中的2个函数()1f x x =+,x R ∈与()1g x x =+,x Z ∈的定义域不同,故不是同一个函数.D 中的2个函数()f x x =,2()g x =的定义域、对应关系都不同,故不是同一个函数.综上,A 、C 、D 中的2个函数不是同一个函数,只有B 中的2个函数才是同一个函数,故选B .3.(5分)函数()326x f x x =+-的零点所在的区间是( )A .(1,0)-B .(0,1)C .(1,2)D .(2,3)【解答】解:因为f (1)32610=+-=-<, f (2)94670=+-=>,所以f (1)f (2)0<, 函数是连续函数,所以函数()326x f x x =+-的零点所在区间是(1,2); 故选:C .4.(5分)已知向量(3,2)a =,(,4)b x =,且//a b ,则x 的值为( ) A .6B .6-C .83-D .83【解答】解:因为(3,2)a =,(,4)b x =且//a b , 所以2340x -⨯=,解之可得6x = 故选:A .5.(5分)函数2()2(1)2f x x a x =-+-+在(,4)-∞-上是增函数,则a 的范围是( ) A .[5,)+∞B .[3-,)+∞C .(-∞,3]-D .(-∞,5]-【解答】解:因为函数2()2(1)2f x x a x =-+-+,开口向下,对称轴1x a =-, 若函数()f x 在(,4)-∞-上是增函数, 则41a --…,解得3a -…, 故选:B .6.(5分)已知向量a ,b 满足||3a =,||23b =,3a b =-,则a 与b 的夹角是( ) A .150︒B .120︒C .60︒D .30︒【解答】解:设两个向量的夹角为θ 3a b =- ∴||||cos 3a b θ=-∴1cos2θ==-[0θ∈,]π 120θ∴=︒故选:B .。
广东省广州市越秀区荔湾区2019-2020学年高一(上)期末物理试题题号一二三四总分得分注意事项:1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。
第I卷(选择题)评卷人得分一、单选题1.在初中已经学过,如果一个物体在力F的作用下沿着力的方向移动了一段距离l,这个力对物体做的功W=Fl。
用国际单位制的基本单位表示功的单位,下列正确的是()A.N·m B.kg·m2/s2C.kg·m/s2D.kg·m/s2.为了使交通安全有序,公路旁设置了许多交通标志。
如图所示,甲是限速标志,表示小型客车允许行驶的最大速度是100km/h;乙是指路标志,表示此处到下一出口还有25km、下列对这两个数据的理解正确的是()A.甲表示平均速度,乙表示位移B.甲表示平均速度,乙表示路程C.甲表示瞬时速度,乙表示位移D.甲表示瞬时速度,乙表示路程3.如图,汽车向右沿直线做匀减速运动,原来的速度是v1,经过一小段时间之后,速度变为v2,用Δv表示速度的变化量,则()A.汽车的加速度方向与v1的方向相同B.汽车的加速度方向与v2的方向相同C.汽车的加速度方向与v1的方向相反D.汽车的加速度方向与Δv的方向相反4.用苔藓球养出来的绿植,吊在空中也能养,养成别致的景观。
如图用麻绳将苔藓球盆栽悬挂起来,下列说法正确的是()A.盆栽本身就有重力,其重力没有施力物体B .麻绳对盆栽的拉力与盆栽对麻绳的拉力是一对相互平衡的力C .盆栽所受的重力与麻绳对盆栽的拉力是一对作用力和反作用力D .麻绳对盆栽的拉力与盆栽对麻绳的拉力是同一种类的力,都是弹力5.某幼儿园要在空地上做一个滑梯,根据空地的大小,滑梯的水平跨度确定为6m 。
设计时滑板和儿童裤料之间的动摩擦因数取0.4,为使儿童在滑梯游戏时能在滑板上滑下,滑梯高度至少要为( )A .1.0mB .1.6mC .2.4mD .3.2m6.公路上行驶的汽车,司机从发现前方异常情况到紧急刹车,汽车仍将前进一段距离才能停下来。
19-20学年广东省广州市荔湾区高一(上)期末物理试卷一、单选题(本大题共6小题,共24.0分)1.2017年4月10日上午7:30,西安(碧桂园)国际马拉松西安永宁门鸣枪开跑。
该马拉松赛分为全程马拉松(42.195km),半程马拉松(21.075m)和迷你马拉松(4.5km)三个比赛项目。
最终中国选手邱旺东以2小时20分58秒的成绩获得全程马拉松第三名,以下说法正确的是()A. 42.195km指的是位移B. 7:30在这里指的是时间间隔C. 以场边的观众为参考系,运动员是运动的D. 2小时20分58秒指的是时刻2.以下关于运动的说法中正确的是()A. 宏观物体(如皮球)不能看成质点,微观物体(如原子)可以看成质点B. 在直线运动中,位移的大小和路程一定相等C. 平均速度就是各个时刻速度大小的平均值D. 选择不同的参照物,同一物体运动的速度和加速度均有可能不等3.物体沿一直线运动,下列说法正确的是()A. 只要物体在每秒内通过的位移大小相等,物体就一定做匀速直线运动B. 如果物体在不相等的时间里通过的位移也不相等,则物体不可能做匀速直线运动C. 如果物体在不相等的时间里通过的位移都相等,则物体不可能做匀速直线运动D. 物体的位移时间图象是一直线,则物体一定做匀速直线运动4.在物理学的发展史中,有一位科学家开创了以实验以逻辑推理相结合的科学研究方法,研究了落体运动的规律,这位科学家是()A. 伽利略B. 安培C. 库伦D. 焦耳5.如图,一物块在水平拉力F的作用下沿水平桌面做匀速直线运动。
若保持F的大小不变,而方向与水平面成30°角,物块也恰好做匀速直线运动。
物块与桌面间的动摩擦因数为()A. 2−√3B. √36C. √33D. √326.如图,电梯与水平地面成θ角,一人静止站在电梯水平梯板上,电梯以匀加速度a启动过程中,水平梯板对人的支持力和摩擦力分别为N和f。
若电梯启动加速度改为2a,则下面结论正确的是()A. 水平梯板对人的支持力变为2NB. 水平梯板对人的摩擦力变为2fC. 水平梯板对人的摩擦力和支持力之比为f/ND. 水平梯板对人的摩擦力和支持力之比为2f/N二、多选题(本大题共4小题,共24.0分)7.下列物理量中,是矢量的是()A. 加速度B. 质量C. 位移D. 时间8.下列图象中反映物体做匀速直线运动的是()(图中x表示位移、v表示速度、t表示时间)A. B.C. D.9.下列说法中正确的是()A. 在国际单位制中,力学的单位被选为基本单位的是米、千克、秒B. 物体的加速度一定和物体所受合外力同时产生,同时消失,且方向永远一致C. 在月球上举重比在地球上容易,所以同一个物体在月球上比在地球上惯性小D. 速度大的物体比速度小的物体难以停下来,所以速度大的物体具有较大的惯性10.如图,物体M随水平传送带一起做匀速直线运动.不考虑空气阻力,则此过程中物体M()A. 不受摩擦力作用B. 受到水平向右的静摩攘力作用C. 只受到重力和支持力的作用D. 共受重力、支持力和静摩擦力三个力三、实验题(本大题共2小题,共12.0分)11.在研究弹簧的形变与外力的关系的实验中,将弹簧水平放置测出其自然长度,然后竖直悬挂让其自然下垂,在其下端竖直向下施加外力F,实验过程是在弹簧的弹性限度内进行的.用记录的外力F与弹簧的形变量x作出F x图线,如图所示.由图可知弹簧的劲度系数为_______,图线不过坐标原点的原因是__________.12.“探究加速度与物体质量、物体受力的关系”的实验装置如图1、2所示.(1)在平衡小车与桌面之间摩擦力的过程中,打出了一条纸带如图3所示.计时器打点的时间间隔为0.02s.从比较清晰的点起,每5个点取一个计数点,量出相邻计数点之间的距离.每相邻的计数点间的时间为:t=______ s该小车的加速度a=______ m/s2.(2)图线不过坐标原点的原因是______(3)本实验中是否仍需要砂和桶的总质量远小于小车和砝码的总质量______ (填“是”或“否”).四、计算题(本大题共3小题,共40.0分)13.一辆汽车以72km/ℎ的速度正在平直公路上匀速行驶,突然发现前方40m处有需要紧急停车的危险信号,司机立即采取刹车措施.已知该车在刹车过程中加速度的大小为5m/s2,求从刹车开始经过5s时汽车前进的距离是多少,此时是否已经进入危险区域?14.如图1所示,一质量为m=1kg的物体置于水平面上,在水平外力的作用下由静止开始运动,水平外力随时间的变化情况如图2所示,物体运动的速度随时间变化的情况如图3所示,4s后图线没有画出.g取10m/s2.求:(1)物体在第3s末的加速度大小;(2)物体与水平面间的动摩擦因数;(3)物体在前6s内的位移.15.如图所示,质量为√3kg的物体A与质量为1kg的物体B用质量不计的细绳连接后,放在半径为3πR,求OB与竖直方向的夹角x等于多少.R的光环圆柱上,处于平衡状态.已知AB弧长为12-------- 答案与解析 --------1.答案:C解析:解:A、马拉松运动的轨迹是曲线,故42.195km指的是路程大小,故A错误;B、7:30是运动开始的时间点,是时刻,故B错误;C、以场边的观众为参考系,运动员的位置不断变化,是运动的,故C正确;D、以2小时20分58秒的成绩获得全程马拉松第三名,可知2小时20分58秒是运动的时间间隔,故D错误。
广东省广州市荔湾区2019-2020学年高一上学期期末语文试题(word无答案)一、现代文阅读(★★★★) 1 . 阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。
中国汉字产生很早,对中国早期历史和文化记忆产生了深远影响。
目前,汉字是世界上唯一还在作为官方文字使用的表意文字。
汉字在使用和传播上的特点,导致了历史、文化记录的向心性,这是中国统一的基础。
汉字属于表意文字,即俗称的象形文字,注重使用象形符号系统记录语言。
表意文字越发展,语音因素的加入就越多。
例如,汉字中有相当一部分形音字,既包含形又包含音,所以也有学者把表意文字称为意音文字。
在造字方法上,汉字所针对的对象是外部世界。
先是对外部世界进行细致观察,归纳出各种事物的典型特征,然后摹画,形成最基本文字,如(人)(日)(月)(雨)(山)(水)(木)等。
然后以这些基本文字作为造字的基本要素,即偏旁和部首,通过偏旁和部首的组合再配以发音形成文字。
例如“女”字,其基本含义为“妇人也”,即女性,以此为基础加其他偏旁构成好、奶、妈、妹、妻、妇、姑、姆、妃、妾等诸多与女性相关的字。
《说文叙》说:“盖依类象形,故谓之文;其后形声相益,即谓之字。
”由于每个人对外部世界的认知都不一样,所以当表示某一事物的文字造成后,要使这一文字在人数众多的使用者群体内得到一致认同,需要花费很长时间,即新字推广的时间成本很高。
同时,由于每件事或物都需要有一个与之对应的文字,所以汉字的字数较多。
据相关研究,类似汉字这样的表意文字系统,至少要有两千个以上的文字才能适应语言表达需要。
事实上,汉字的字数远超两千个,仅《说文解字》就收录了九千多个字。
因为字数较多,汉字的学习和传播需要花费很长时间才能完成,即汉字使用的时间成本很高。
推广和学习的时间成本高,频繁的改动会引起混乱,这就要求汉字保持高度稳定性。
汉字针对的是外部世界,是对每件事物的描绘,所以不同族群无法以语音为平台学习和接受这种文字,学习者在接受文字本身的同时,必然会接受造字者的观察理念和认知体系。
2019-2020学年广东省广州市第一一三中学高一上学期期中数学试题一、单选题1.已知集合{}{}10,1A x R x B x Z x =∈+>=∈≤,则A B =I () A .{}01x x ≤≤ B .{}11x x -<≤C .{}0,1D .{}1【答案】C【解析】先分别求出集合A ,B ,由此利用交集定义能求出A ∩B . 【详解】∵集合{}10A x R x =∈+>={}1A x x =>-,{}1B x Z x =∈≤={1,0,-1,-2,… },∴{}0,1A B ⋂=. 故选:C . 【点睛】本题考查交集的求法,是基础题,注意条件x Z ∈,属于易错题. 2.下列函数中,是同一函数的是( )A .2y x =与y x x =B .y =与2y =C .2x x y x+=与1y x =+ D .21y x =+与21y t =+【答案】D【解析】考虑各选项中的函数的定义域和对应法则是否相同后可得正确的选项. 【详解】A 中的函数22,0,0x x y x x x x ⎧≥==⎨-<⎩ ,故两个函数的对应法则不同,故A 中的两个函数不是相同的函数;B 中函数y =的定义域为R ,而2y =的定义域为[)0,+∞,故两个函数不是相同的函数;C 中的函数2x x+的定义域为,00,-∞⋃+∞,而1y x =+的定义域为,故两个函数不是相同的函数;D 中的函数定义域相同,对应法则相同,故两个函数为同一函数, 综上,选D. 【点睛】本题考查两个函数相同的判断方法,应先考虑函数的定义域,再考虑函数的对应法则,这两个相同时才是同一函数.3.下列各式:①n n a a =;②()2231a a --=;③()23633-=-.中正确的个数是( ) A .3 B .2C .1D .0【答案】D【解析】逐一分析判断每一个选项得解. 【详解】①n n a a =,是错误的,如:22(2)222-==≠-,所以该结论是错误的;②()2231a a --=,是错误的,因为当3a =或-1时,2230a a --=,原式没有意义,所以是错误的; ③()23633-=-,是错误的,因为等式左边是一个负数,等式右边是一个正数,所以等式错误. 故选:D 【点睛】本题主要考查根式的运算和零次幂的计算,意在考查学生对这些知识的理解掌握水平. 4.下列函数图像与x 轴均有公共点,其中能用二分法求零点的是( )A .B .C .D .【答案】C【解析】根据函数图象理解二分法的定义,函数f (x )在区间[a ,b ]上连续不断,并且有f (a )•f (b )<0.即函数图象连续并且穿过x 轴. 【详解】解:能用二分法求零点的函数必须在给定区间[a ,b ]上连续不断,并且有f (a )•f (b )<0A 、B 中不存在f (x )<0,D 中函数不连续.【点睛】本题考查了二分法的定义,学生的识图能力,是基础题. 5.函数9n y x =(N n ∈且9n >)的图像可能是( )A .B .C .D .【答案】C【解析】先判断函数的奇偶性排除A 、B ,再通过举例判断得解. 【详解】由题得函数的定义域为R.由题得999()()n n n f x x f x x x =∴-=-=,, 所以函数是偶函数,排除A 、B. 当n=18时,91182()f x x x ==,当x >0时,12()f x x =,选项C 符合函数的图象. 故选:C 【点睛】本题主要考查函数图象的判定和幂函数的图象和性质,意在考查学生对这些知识的理解和掌握水平.6.若3412a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,1234b ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,3log 4c =,则,,a b c 的大小关系是( ) A .b a c << B .a b c << C .b c a << D .c a b <<【答案】B【解析】分析:利用指数函数与对数函数的单调性即可得出. 详解:∵a=3412⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭<121()2<b=1234⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,c=3log 4>1,则a <b <c ,点睛:利用指数函数对数函数及幂函数的性质比较实数或式子的大小,一方面要比较两个实数或式子形式的异同,底数相同,考虑指数函数增减性,指数相同考虑幂函数的增减性,当都不相同时,考虑分析数或式子的大致范围,来进行比较大小,另一方面注意特殊值0,1的应用,有时候要借助其“桥梁”作用,来比较大小. 7. 函数 ()xf x e x -=- 的零点所在的区间为( )A .11,2⎛⎫--⎪⎝⎭B .1,02⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭C .1,1?2⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭D . 1 0,2⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭【答案】C【解析】由题意可以画出y 1=e ﹣x 与y 2=x 的图象,他们的交点就是函数f (x )=e ﹣x ﹣x 的零点. 【详解】∵函数f (x )=e ﹣x ﹣x ,画出y 1=e ﹣x 与y 2=x 的图象,如下图: ∵当x=12时,y 1=e >y 2=12,当x=1时,y 1=1e<y 2=1, ∴函数f (x )=e ﹣x ﹣x 的零点所在的区间是(12,1).故选:C . 【点睛】此题主要考函数零点与方程根的关系,利用转化思想解决问题.画两个函数的图象数形结合求解, 8.若2log 13<a,则a 的取值范围是( )A .20,3⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭B .2,3⎛⎫+∞ ⎪⎝⎭C .2,13⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭D .()20,1,3⎛⎫+∞ ⎪⎝⎭U 【答案】D【解析】对a 分两种情况讨论,利用对数函数的单调性解不等式得解. 【详解】当a >1时,2log 13<a,所以22log log ,33a a a a <∴>,所以a >1;当0<a <1时,2log 13<a ,所以22log log ,33a a a a <∴<,所以023a <<.综合得()20,1,3a ⎛⎫∈+∞ ⎪⎝⎭U . 故选:D 【点睛】本题主要考查对数函数不等式的解法,考查对数函数的单调性的应用,意在考查学生对这些知识的理解掌握水平.9.某公司在甲、乙两地销售一种品牌车,利润(单位:万元)分别为L 1=5.06x -0.15 x 2和L 2=2x ,其中x 为销售量(单位:辆).若该公司在这两地共销售15辆车,则能获得的最大利润为 A .45.606 B .45.6C .45.56D .45.51【答案】B【解析】主要考查构建函数模型,利用导数解决生活中的优化问题. 解:设甲地销售x 辆,依题意L 1+L 2=5.06x -0.152x +2(15-x )=20.15 3.0630x x -++=20.15(10.2)45.606x --+,所以当x 取整数10时,最大利润为45.6,故选B .10.已知函数21,0()log ,0ax x f x x x +≤⎧=⎨>⎩,若函数(())1y f f x =+有四个不同的零点,则实数a 的取值范围是( ) A .(1,0)- B .(,0)-∞C .(0,)+∞D .(0,1)【答案】C函数f (x )图象,分类讨论判断,求解方程可得答案. 【详解】函数y =f (f (x ))+1的零点, 即方程f [f (x )]=﹣1的解个数,(1)当a =0时,f (x )2100x log x x ≤⎧=⎨⎩,,>,当x >1时,x 2=,f (f (x ))=﹣1成立,∴方程f [f (x )]=﹣1有1解 当0<x <1,log 2x <0,∴方程f [f (x )]=﹣1无解,当x ≤0时,f (x )=1,f (f (x ))=0,∴方程f [f (x )]=﹣1无解, ∴f (f (x ))=﹣1有1解, 故a =0不符合题意, (2)当a >0时,当0<x <1,log 2x <0,∴方程f [f (x )]=﹣1有1解, 当1a-<x ≤0时,0<f (x )≤1,∴f (f (x ))=﹣1有1解, 当x 1a≤-时,f (x )<0,∴f (f (x ))=﹣1有1解, 故,f (f (x ))=﹣1有4解, (3)当a <0时,当x >1时,x 2=f (f (x ))=﹣1成立,∴f (f (x ))=﹣1有1解, 当0<x ≤1时,f (x )≤0.1ffx ≥﹣,成立, 方程f [f (x )]=﹣1无解,,当x ≤0时,f (x )≥1,0ffx ≥,成立, 方程f [f (x )]=﹣1无解, 故f (f (x ))=﹣1有1解,不符合题意, 综上:a >0 故选C 【点睛】本题考查的知识点是函数零点的判定,其中将函数的零点问题转化为方程根的个数问题,分类讨论求解.二、填空题11.若幂函数()y f x =的图像过点(4,2),则()f x 的解析式为__________. 【答案】12()f x x =【解析】设幂函数y=f (x )的解析式,将点()4,2代入解析式即可求得结果. 【详解】设幂函数y=f (x )=x α(α∈R ),其图象过点()4,2, α解得α=12∴f (x )的解析式是y=12x .故答案为()12f x x =【点睛】本题考查了用待定系数法求幂函数的解析式的应用问题,是基础题. 12.求值:2(lg 5)lg 2lg 50+⨯=________. 【答案】1【解析】试题分析:22(lg5)lg 2lg50(lg5)lg 2(lg5lg10)lg5(lg5lg 2)lg 2lg5lg 21+⨯=+⨯+=++=+=【考点】对数的运算性质. 13.函数=的定义域为_________(结果用区间表示)【答案】【解析】根据被开方数为非负数,以及分母不等于零,列不等式组,求解得函数的定义域. 【详解】 依题意得,解得且,故定义域为.【点睛】本小题主要考查函数的定义域,函数的定义域主要从:分式分母不为零,偶次方根的被开方数为非负数,对数真数大于零等几个方面考虑.属于基础题. 14.设函数()()2121log 112xf x x=+++,则使得()()21f x f x ≤-成立的x 的取值范围是______(结果用区间表示) 【答案】1,13⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦【解析】先判断函数的奇偶性,求出函数的单调性,由此得到|||21|x x ≥-,解不等式即得解. 【详解】()()2121log 1()12xf x x f x -=++=+,所以函数是偶函数. 当x >0时,()2121log 1,12xy xy =+=+都是减函数,所以()()2121log 112x f x x =+++是减函数(减函数+减函数=减函数), 所以函数在(0,)+∞是减函数,在0)∞(-,上是增函数. 因为()()21f x f x ≤-,所以221|||21|(21),13x x x x x ≥-∴≥-∴≤≤,. 故答案为:1,13⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦【点睛】本题主要考查函数的奇偶性和单调性的判断,考查不等式的解法,意在考查学生对这些知识的理解掌握水平.15.设奇函数()f x 在(0,+∞)是增函数,且()10f =,则不等式()()0x f x f x ⎡⎤--<⎣⎦的解集为________【答案】{|10x x -<<或01}x <<【解析】由题意可得()()f x f x -=-,且(1)0f -=,()f x 在(,0)-∞为增函数,则不等式()()0x f x f x ⎡⎤--<⎣⎦,即为2()0xf x <,讨论0x >,()0f x <或0x <,()0f x >,解不等式即可得到所求解集.【详解】奇函数()f x 在(0,)+∞为增函数,且f (1)0=,可得()()f x f x -=-,且(1)0f -=,()f x 在(,0)-∞为增函数, 则不等式()()0x f x f x ⎡⎤--<⎣⎦, 即为2()0xf x <,可得0x >,()0f x f <=(1),解得01x <<; 或0x <,()0(1)f x f >=-,解得10x -<<.故答案为:{|10x x -<<或01}x <<. 【点睛】本题主要考查函数的奇偶性和单调性的判断和运用,考查抽象函数不等式的解法,注意运用转化思想.16.已知函数2()2f x x x =-,若关于x 的方程()()0f x f a x t +--=有4个不同的实数根,且所有实数根之和为2,则实数t 的取值范围为__ _. 【答案】312⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,【解析】试题分析:设()()()g x f x f a x =+-.因为()()(())()()()g a x f a x f a a x f a x f x g x -=-+--=-+=,所以()g x 的图象关于直线2ax =对称.设()()t f x f a x =+-的4个根为12341234,,,()x x x x x x x x <<<,则,由题设知22,1a a =∴=,222222221,(1,2)12,(10)()2(1)2(1)21{221,(01)21,(12)x x x x x x g x x x x x x x x x x x x x -----≤<=-+---=-+-=-++≤<-≤<,13()22g =,()g x 的最小值为(0)(1)1g g ==,作出()g x 的图象如图所示,由图可知t 的范围为3(1,)2.【考点】函数与方程.三、解答题17.已知函数()()1100f x a x a x=->,>. (1)求证:f (x )在(0,+∞)上是单调递增函数;(2)若f (x )在122⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦,上的值域是122⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦,,求a 的值. 【答案】(1)证明见解析 (2)25【解析】(1)根据函数单调性的定义,按照取值,作差,变形,定号,即可证出;(2)根据(1)可知,函数f (x )在122⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦,上单调递增,所以()112222f f ⎛⎫== ⎪⎝⎭,,解出即可. 【详解】(1)证明:设x 2>x 1>0,则x 2﹣x 1>0,x 1x 2>0,∵()()21212112121111110x x f x f x a x a x x x x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫--=---=-=⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭>, ∴f (x 2)>f (x 1),∴f (x )在(0,+∞)上是单调递增的. (2)∵f (x )在(0,+∞)上是单调递增的,∴f (x )在122⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦,上单调递增, ∴()112222f f ⎛⎫==⎪⎝⎭,,即1122a -=,1122a -=, ∴25a =. 【点睛】本题主要考查函数单调性的证明和应用,属于基础题. 18.已知幂函数2242()(1)m m f x m x -+=-在(0,)+∞上单调递增,函数()2g x x k =-.(1)求m 的值;(2)当[1,2]x ∈时,记()f x ,()g x 的值域分别为集合,A B ,若A B A ⋃=,求实数k 的取值范围.【答案】(1)0m =;(2)[]0,1.【解析】(1)由幂函数的系数为1,得出()211m -=,求出m 的值,并将m 的值代入函数()y f x =的解析式,结合条件函数()y f x =在()0,∞+上单调递增得出m 的值; (2)利用两个函数在区间[]1,2上的单调性得出A 、B ,再由A B A ⋃=,得出B A ⊆,于此得出关于k 的不等式组,解出即可得出实数k 的取值范围. 【详解】(1)依题意得:()211m -=,解得0m =或2m =.当2m =时,()2f x x -=在()0,∞+上单调递减,与题设矛盾,故舍去,0m ∴=;(2)由(1)知,()2f x x =,当[]1,2x ∈时,()f x 、()g x 单调递增,[]1,4A ∴=,[]2,4B k k =--,A B A =Q U ,B A ∴⊆,210144k k k -≥⎧∴⇒≤≤⎨-≤⎩, 故实数k 的范围[]0,1. 【点睛】本题考查幂函数概念和基本性质,考查集合的包含关系,在求解函数的值域问题时,要考查结合函数的单调性求出函数的值域,本题的关键在于由集合的并集运算得出集合间的包含关系,考查分析问题和解决问题的能力,属于中等题.19.已知函数()20,log 0,ax x f x x x +≤⎧=⎨>⎩,,且点(4,2)在函数f (x )的图象上.(1)求函数f(x)的解析式,并在图中的直角坐标系中画出函数f(x)的图象; (2)求不等式f(x)<1的解集;(3)若方程f(x)-2m =0有两个不相等的实数根,求实数m 的取值范围.【答案】(1)见解析; (2)()(),10,2-∞-⋃;(3)(],1-∞.【解析】(1)根据点()4,2在函数的图象上得到2a =,于是可得解析式,进而可画出函数的图象;(2)将不等式化成不等式组求解可得所求;(3)结合图象得到2m 的取值范围后再求出m 的范围.【详解】(1)∵点()4,2在函数的图象上, ∴()4log 42a f ==, ∴2a =. ∴()220,log 0,x x f x x x +≤⎧=⎨>⎩,, .画出函数的图象如下图所示.(2)不等式()1f x <等价于20,log 1,x x >⎧⎨<⎩或0,21,x x ≤⎧⎨+<⎩ 解得02x <<,或1x <-,所以原不等式的解集为()(),10,2-∞-⋃. (3)∵方程f(x)-2m =0有两个不相等的实数根,∴函数y 2m =的图象与函数()y f x =的图象有两个不同的交点. 结合图象可得22m ≤, 解得1m ≤∴实数m 的取值范围为(],1-∞. 【点睛】(1)本题考查函数图象的画法和图象的应用,根据解析式画图象时要根据描点法进行求解,画图时要熟练运用常见函数的图象.(2)根据方程根的个数(函数零点的个数)求参数的取值时,要注意将问题进行转化两函数图象交点个数的问题,然后画出函数的图象后利用数形结合求解.20.经市场调查,某种小家电在过去50天的销售量(台)和价格(元)均为销售时间t (天)的函数,且销售量近似地满足()()2200150,N f t t t t =-+≤≤∈.前30天价格为()()130130,N 2g t t t t =+≤≤∈;后20天价格为()()G 453150,N t t t =≤≤∈.(Ⅰ)写出该种商品的日销售额S (元)与时间t 的函数关系; (Ⅱ)求日销售额S (元)的最大值.【答案】(Ⅰ) 2406000130,S 909000,3150,t t t t Nt t t N⎧-++≤≤∈=⎨-+≤≤∈⎩,;(Ⅱ)6400.【解析】(Ⅰ)根据销售额等于销售量乘以售价得S 与t 的函数关系式,此关系式为分段函数;(Ⅱ)求出分段函数的最值即可. 【详解】(Ⅰ)当130t ≤≤时,由题知()()()212200304060002f t g t t t t t ⎛⎫⋅=-++=-++⎪⎝⎭; 当3150t ≤≤时,由题知()()()452200909000f t g t t t ⋅=-+=-+所以日销售额S 与时间t 的函数关系为2406000130,S 909000,3150,t t t t Nt t t N⎧-++≤≤∈=⎨-+≤≤∈⎩, (Ⅱ)当130t ≤≤时,()2S 206400t =--+,当20t =时,max S 6400=元; 当3150t ≤≤时,S 909000t =-+是减函数,当31t =时,max S 6210=元. 因为64006210>,则S 的最大值为6400元. 【点睛】解决函数模型应用的解答题,还有以下几点容易造成失分:①读不懂实际背景,不能将实际问题转化为函数模型.②对涉及的相关公式,记忆错误.③在求解的过程中计算错误.另外需要熟练掌握求解方程、不等式、函数最值的方法,才能快速正确地求解.含有绝对值的问题突破口在于分段去绝对值,分段后在各段讨论最值的情况.21.一次函数()f x 是R 上的增函数,()()()x x g f x m =+,已知[()]165f f x x =+. (1)求()f x ;(2)若()g x 在(1,)+∞单调递增,求实数m 的取值范围; (3)当[1,3]x ∈-时,()g x 有最大值13,求实数m 的值. 【答案】(1)()41f x x =+;(2)m 的取值范围为9,4⎡⎫-+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭;(3)2m =-或103m =-.【解析】(1)设(),0f x ax b a =+>,代入条件,由恒等式的性质可得方程,求解函数的解析式;(2)求得()g x 的解析式和对称轴方程,再由单调性可得4118m +-≤,解不等式即可得到实数m 的取值范围;(3)根据抛物线的开口向上,可得最大值在端点处取得,解方程可得m 的值,注意检验即可得到. 【详解】(1)∵()f x 是R 上的增函数,∴可设(),0f x ax b a =+>,∴[()]()165f f x a ax b b x =++=+ 解得:4,1a b ==,因此()41f x x =+(2)2()()()(41)()4(41)g x f x x m x x m x m x m =+=++=+++对称轴418m x +=-,根据题意可得4118m +-≤,解得94m ≥- ∴m 的取值范围为9[,)4-+∞(3)①当4118m +-≤时,即94m ≥-max ()(3)391313g x g m ==+=,解得2m =-,符合题意②当4118m +->时,即94m <-时, max ()(1)3313g x g m =-=-=,解得103m =-,符合题意 由①②可得,2m =-或103m =-. 【考点】函数的综合问题. 【方法点晴】本题主要考查了函数的综合应用问题,其中解答中涉及到一次函数解析式的求解、函数的单调性和最值的求法,待定系数法的应用,以及二次函数的图象与性质,着重考查学生分析问题和解答问题的能力,以及转化思想的应用,本题的解答中熟记一元二次函数的图象与性质是解答的难点,属于中档试题. 22.已知函数()1log 1ax f x x -=+(其中0a >且1a ≠),()g x 是()2f x +的反函数.(1)已知关于x 的方程()()()log 17a mf x x x =+-在[]2,6x ∈上有实数解,求实数m的取值范围;(2)当01a <<时,讨论函数()f x 的奇偶性和单调性;(3)当01a <<,0x >时,关于x 的方程()()2230g x m g x m +++=有三个不同的实数解,求m 的取值范围.【答案】(1)[5,9];(2)函数为奇函数,在定义域内时减函数;(3)34,23m ⎛⎤∈-- ⎥⎝⎦; 【解析】【详解】试题分析:(1)由题可知,可将方程()()()log 17amf x x x =+-转化为求函数在上的值域,根据二次函数对称轴法,求得的取值范围为;(2)若函数满足,则函数为偶函数,若函数满足,则函数为奇函数,代入-x ,得到,,所以函数为奇函数。
2019-2020学年高一地理上学期期中试题注意事项:本试题分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共8页。
满分100分,考试限定用时90分钟。
答题前,考生务必将自己的班级、姓名、考号填写在答.题卡...规定的位置。
..和答题纸第Ⅰ卷(共45分)第Ⅰ卷共45道小题,每题1分,共45分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
【课标内容要求】1.1运用资料,描述地球所处的宇宙环境,说明太阳对地球的影响。
嫦娥四号任务着陆器和巡视器(“玉兔二号”月球车),于2019年1月3日10时26分成功着陆月球背面,并通过“鹊桥”中继星传回了世界第一张近距离拍摄的月背影像。
据此完成1~2题。
1.在月球探测任务中属于人造天体的是A.嫦娥四号B.玉兔二号C.月球D.鹊桥中继星2.玉兔二号在月球背面还没有找到月球存在生命的证据。
与月球相比,地球出现生命现象的主要原因是A.与太阳的距离适中B.自身的质量、体积适中C.太阳系大小行星各行其道,互不相扰D.公转轨道的近圆性影片《流浪地球》讲述了太阳即将毁灭,人类开启“流浪地球”计划。
该计划中地球流浪2500年,最终泊入比邻星轨道,成为比邻星的行星。
比邻星质量约为太阳质量的1/8,比太阳暗1000倍。
据此完成3~4题。
3.影片中“流浪地球”计划利用太阳和木星加速流浪,地球推进至木星附近,需要穿越的行星轨道是A.金星B.水星C.火星D.土星4.假设用比邻星替换太阳,下列对地球的影响描述正确的是A.地球仍可获得同样的热量B.地球可能逃出本星系C.地球可能变成一颗火球D.地球公转轨道半径缩小图1示意太阳黑子与年降水量的相关性,据此完成5~6题。
图15.太阳黑子的活动周期大约是A.5年B.11年C.20年D.不确定6.图中A.甲测站测得的降水量变化与黑子相对数之间是正相关B.乙测站测得的降水量变化与黑子相对数之间是负相关C.地球上的气候变化与太阳黑子活动有一定的对应关系D.黑子活动高峰年,年平均降水量增加的几率明显增多图2和图3示意某地连续两天太阳辐射强度的变化,据此完成7~8题。
广东省广州市荔湾、海珠部分学校2025届高三第一次模拟考试数学试卷注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2.答题时请按要求用笔。
3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
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一、选择题:本题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.定义在R 上的偶函数f (x )满足f (x +2)=f (x ),当x ∈[﹣3,﹣2]时,f (x )=﹣x ﹣2,则( ) A .66f sinf cos ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭> B .f (sin 3)<f (cos 3)C .4433f sinf cos ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭< D .f (2020)>f (2019)2.下列说法正确的是( )A .“若1a >,则21a >”的否命题是“若1a >,则21a ≤”B .“若22am bm <,则a b <”的逆命题为真命题C .0(0,)x ∃∈+∞,使0034x x >成立D .“若1sin 2α≠,则6πα≠”是真命题3.已知双曲线22214x y b-=(0b >0y ±=,则b =( )A .BCD .4.我国数学家陈景润在哥德巴赫猜想的研究中取得了世界领先的成果.哥德巴赫猜想是“每个大于2的偶数可以表示为两个素数(即质数)的和”,如16511=+,30723=+.在不超过20的素数中,随机选取两个不同的数,其和等于20的概率是( ) A .114B .112C .328D .以上都不对5.已知函数()f x 是R 上的偶函数,且当[)0,x ∈+∞时,函数()f x 是单调递减函数,则()2log 5f ,31log 5f ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,()5log 3f 的大小关系是( )A .()()3521log log 3log 55f f f <<⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭B .()()3251log log 5log 35f f f <<⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭C .()()5321log 3log log 55f f f ⎪<⎛⎫⎝⎭< D .()()2351log 5log log 35f f f ⎪<⎛⎫⎝⎭< 6.已知函数()2()2ln (0)f x a e x x a =->,1,1D e ⎡⎤=⎢⎥⎣⎦若所有点(,())s f t ,(,)s t D ∈所构成的平面区域面积为2e 1-,则a =( )A .eB .1e 2- C .1 D .2e e - 7.已知,a b ∈R ,函数32,0()11(1),032x x f x x a x ax x <⎧⎪=⎨-++≥⎪⎩,若函数()y f x ax b =--恰有三个零点,则( ) A .1,0a b <-< B .1,0a b <-> C .1,0a b >-<D .1,0a b >->8.执行如图所示的程序框图,当输出的2S =时,则输入的S 的值为( )A .-2B .-1C .12-D .129.若各项均为正数的等比数列{}n a 满足31232a a a =+,则公比q =( ) A .1B .2C .3D .410.函数()()sin f x A x =+ωϕ(其中0A >,0>ω,2πϕ<)的图象如图,则此函数表达式为( )A .()3sin 24f x x π⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭B .()13sin 24f x x π⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭C .()3sin 24f x x π⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭D .()13sin 24πf x x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭11.已知函数()y f x =在R 上可导且()()f x f x '<恒成立,则下列不等式中一定成立的是( )A .3(3)(0)f e f >、2018(2018)(0)f e f >B .3(3)(0)f e f <、2018(2018)(0)f e f >C .3(3)(0)f e f >、2018(2018)(0)f e f <D .3(3)(0)f e f <、2018(2018)(0)f e f <12.已知ABC 的垂心为H ,且6,8,AB BC M ==是AC 的中点,则HM AC ⋅=( ) A .14B .12C .10D .8二、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分。
2019-2020学年第一学期期末教学质量监测高一数学参考答案与评分标准说明:1.参考答案与评分标准给出了一种或几种解法供参考,如果考生的解法与参考答案不同,可根据试题主要考查的知识点和能力对照评分标准给以相应的分数.2.对解答题中的计算题,当考生的解答在某一步出现错误时,如果后继部分的解答未改变该题的内容和难度,可视影响的程度决定后继部分的得分,但所给分数不得超过该部分正确解答应得分数的一半;如果后继部分的解答有较严重的错误,就不再给分.3.解答右端所注分数,表示考生正确做到这一步应得的累加分数. 4.只给整数分数,选择题和填空题不给中间分.二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13.2114.63 15.322 16.,33⎡-⎢⎣⎦三、解答题:本大题共6小题,满分70分.17.(本小题满分10分) 已知20πα<<,且135sin =α. (1)求αtan 的值;(2)求2sin 22sin()sin 2cos sin 22απααπαα--⎛⎫++ ⎪⎝⎭的值.17.解:(1)因为135sin =α,20πα<<, 所以12cos 13α===,……………………………………4分 故125cos sin tan ==ααα. …………………………………… 5分 (2)222sin 22sin()sin 2sin cos 2sin 2sin 2sin cos 2cos ()sin 22απαααααπααααα---=+++………………… 7分 cos sin 1tan sin cos 1tan αααααα--==++ ………………… 9分51712517112-==+. ………………… 10分18.(本小题满分12分)已知全集U =R ,集合2{|40}A x xx =-≤,22{|(22)20}B x x m x m m =-+++≤.(1)若3=m ,求B ðU 和B A Y ; (2)若B A ⊆,求实数m 的取值范围.18.解:(1)由题设条件,得{|04}A x x =≤≤, ………………… 1分若3=m ,2{|8150}B x x x =-+≤,即{|35}B x x =≤≤ , …………………2分{|3B x x =<ðU 或5}x >, …………………4分{|05}A B x x =≤≤U . …………………6分(2){|04}A x x =≤≤,由02)22(22≤+++-m m x m x 得()[(2)]0x m x m --+≤,{|2}B x m x m =≤≤+ . …………………8分若A B ⊆,则有⎩⎨⎧≤+≥420m m , …………………10分所以20≤≤m , …………………11分 所以实数m 的取值范围为{|02}m m ≤≤. …………………12分19.(本小题满分12分)已知2()2sin 22()f x x x a a =-+++∈R . (1)若R ∈x ,求)(x f 的单调递减区间;(2) 若,2x ππ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时,)(x f 的最小值为4-,求a 的值.19.解:(1)因为2()2cos 21cos 22f x x x a x x a =++=+++=1)62sin(2+++a x π. ………………… 3分由Z ∈+≤+≤+k k x k ,2236222πππππ, 得 Z ∈+≤≤+k k x k ,326ππππ , …………………5分 所以()f x 的单调递减区间为]32,6[ππππk k ++ Z ∈k . …………………6分(2)因为,2x ππ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,所以22πx π≤≤, …………………7分 所以6136267πππ≤+≤x . …………………8分 所以当3262x ππ+=,即32π=x 时,函数()f x 取最小值-1. ………………10分即()f x 的最小值为412-=++-a , 所以3-=a . …………………12分20.(本小题满分12分)药材人工种植技术具有养殖密度高、经济效益好的特点.研究表明:人工种植药材时,某种药材在一定的条件下,每株药材的年平均生长量ν(单位:千克)是每平方米种植株数x 的函数.当x 不超过4时,ν的值为2;当204≤<x 时,ν是x 的一次函数,其中当x 为10时,ν的值为4;当x 为20时,ν的值为0. (1)当200≤<x 时,求函数ν关于x 的函数表达式;(2)当每平方米种植株数x 为何值时,每平方米药材的年生长总量(单位:千克)取得最大值?并求出这个最大值.(年生长总量=年平均生长量⨯种植株数)20. 解:(1)由题意得,当40≤<x 时,2=v ; …………………1分 当204≤<x 时,设b ax v +=, …………………2分由已知得⎩⎨⎧=+=+410020b a b a ,解得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-=852b a ,所以852+-=x v , …………………4分故函数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤<+-≤<=204,85240,2x x x v . …………………5分(2)设药材每平方米的年生长总量为)(x f 千克,依题意及(1)可得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤<+-≤<=204,85240,2)(2x x x x x x f , …………………7分当40≤<x 时,()f x 为增函数,故824)4()(max =⨯==f x f ;………………8分 当204≤<x 时,40)10(52)20(52852)(222+--=--=+-=x x x x x x f , 40)10()(max ==f x f , …………………11分综上,当每平方米种植10株时,药材的年生长总量取得最大值40千克. ……12分21.(本小题满分12分)已知12,e e 是平面内两个不共线的非零向量,122AB =+u u u re e ,21e e λ+-=BE ,212e e +-=,且C E A ,,三点共线.(1)求实数λ的值;(2)已知点24D(,),1(21)=--,e ,2(22)=-,e ,若D C B A ,,,四点按顺时针顺序构成平行四边形,求点A 的坐标.21.解:(1)212121λ)e (e )e e ()e (2e λ1++=+-++=+=,……………2分 因为C E A ,,三点共线,所以存在实数k ,使得EC k AE =,即)2()1(2121e e e e +-=++k λ, ………………………… 3分 得0=-+++21)1()21(e e k k λ. …………………………4分 因为21e ,e 是平面内两个不共线的非零向量, 所以⎩⎨⎧=-+=+01021k k λ,解得21-=k ,23-=λ. …………………………6分(1) 因为D C B A ,,,四点按顺时针顺序构成平行四边形,所以=.设(,)A x y ,则)42(y x --=, , …………………………8分因为),(),(,2711)36(21321=-+=--=+=e e ,……………………10分 所以⎩⎨⎧=-=-2472y x ,解得⎩⎨⎧=-=25y x ,所以点A 的坐标为)25(,-. ……………………………………………………12分22.(本小题满分12分)已知函数x x g a log )(=,其中1>a .(1)当]1,0[∈x 时, 12(>+)xa g 恒成立,求a 的取值范围; (2)设)(x m 是定义在],[t s 上的函数,在),(t s 内任取1-n 个数1221,,,,--n n x x x x Λ, 且1221--<<<<n n x x x x Λ,令0x s =,n x t =,如果存在一个常数0>M ,使得11|()()|nii i m x m xM -=-≤∑恒成立,则称函数)(x m 在区间],[t s 上具有性质P .试判断函数()|()|f x g x =在区间21,a a⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上是否具有性质P ?若具有性质P ,请求出M 的最小值;若不具有性质P ,请说明理由.(注:1102111|()()||()()||()()||()()|nii n n i m x m xm x m x m x m x m x m x --=-=-+-++-∑L )22. 解:(1)当]1,0[∈x 时,1)2(>+xa g 恒成立,即]1,0[∈x 时,1)2(log >+x a a 恒成立, …………………………1分 因为1>a ,所以a a x>+2恒成立, …………………………2分 即xa a <-2在区间]1,0[上恒成立,所以12<-a ,即3<a ,…………………4分 所以31<<a .即a 的取值范围是)3,1(. …………………………5分(2)函数)(x f 在区间21,a a ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上具有性质P . …………………………6分因为()|()|f x g x =在],1[2a 上单调递增,在1,1a ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递减, ………………7分对于21,a a ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭内的任意一个取数方法212101a x x x x x a n n =<<<<<=-Λ,当存在某一个整数}1,,3,2,1{-∈n k Λ,使得1=k x 时,)]()([)]()([])()([)()(1211101k k ni i i x f x f x f x f x f x f x f x f -++-+-=--=-∑Λ)]()([)]()([)]()([1121-+++-++-+-+n n k k k k x f x f x f x f x f x f Λ321)]1()([)]1()1([2=+=-+-=f a f f af ………………9分当对于任意的}1,,3,2,1{-∈n k Λ,1≠k x 时,则存在一个实数k 使得11k k x x +<<时,)]()([)]()([])()([)()(1211101k k ni i i x f x f x f x f x f x f x f x f -++-+-=--=-∑Λ1211|()()|[()()][()()]k k k k n n f x f x f x f x f x f x +++-+-+-++-L011[()()]|()()|()()k k k n k f x f x f x f x f x f x ++=-+-+- ……(*)当)()(1+>k k x f x f 时,(*)式011()()2()32()3n k k f x f x f x f x ++=+-=-<, 当)()(1+<k k x f x f 时,(*)式0()()2()32()3n k k f x f x f x f x =+-=-<, 当)()(1+=k k x f x f 时,(*)式011()()()()3()()3n k k k k f x f x f x f x f x f x ++=+--=--< ………11分 综上,对于),1(2a a内的任意一个取数方法212101a x x x x x an n =<<<<<=-Λ, 均有∑=-≤-ni i ixm x m 113)()(.所以存在常数3≥M ,使∑=-≤-ni i iM xm x m 11)()(恒成立,所以函数)(x f 在区间],1[2a a上具有性质P .此时M 的最小值为3. ……………………… 12分。
2019-2020学年广东省广州市荔湾区高一上学期期末考试
政治试卷
一、单项选择题(在下列各题的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题意的.共30小题,每小题2分,共60分)
1.(2分)影片《中国机长》火爆国庆档。
截止2019年10月8日,票房已突破20亿元。
该影片()
①既有使用价值又有价值
②没有价值,只有使用价值
③不是商品,因为它是无形的劳动产品
④是商品,因为它是用于交换的劳动产品
A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④
2.(2分)在“双十一”购物狂欢中,很多没有独立经济能力的大学生跟风消费后,才发现“凑单”购买的许多商品是自己不需要的,给家庭带来经济负担。
这些大学生()A.求异消费,展现个性
B.量入为出,适度消费
C.应践行正确的消费观,理性消费
D.应发扬艰苦奋斗精神,抑制消费
3.(2分)刚领到6000元工资的小王在商场看中一件标价800元的服装,在和卖家讨价还价后最终支付了500元。
这里涉及的货币职能依次是()
A.支付手段、价值尺度、流通手段
B.流通手段、流通手段、价值尺度
C.支付手段、价值尺度、支付手段
D.价值尺度、支付手段、流通手段
4.(2分)2018年是颁布“限塑令”第十年。
快递与外卖业的崛起,大量的塑料包装让限塑令遭遇尴尬。
有网友建议:通过降低已有相关产品(如布袋、纸基包装、可降解材料等)的价格,实现“白色污染”与时俱进的治理。
下列供求曲线图示能正确反映该网友观点的是()
第1页(共27页)。
广东广大附中等三校2019~2020学年高一上学期期中联考物理试题注意事项:1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。
第I卷(选择题)一、单选题1.平直公路上一汽车甲中的乘客看见窗外树木向东移动,恰好此时看见另一汽车乙从旁边匀速向西行驶,此时公路上两边站立的人观察的结果是()A.甲车向东运动,乙车向西运动B.乙车向西运动,甲车不动C.甲车向西运动,乙车不动D.两车均向西运动,乙车速度大于甲车速度2.在物理学的重大发现中科学家们创造出了许多物理学方法,如理想实验法、控制变量法、极限思想法、类比法和科学假说法、建立物理模型法等等.以下关于所用物理学研究方法的叙述不正确的是()A.引入重心﹑合力与分力的概念时运用了等效替代法B.根据速度定义式xvt∆=∆,当t∆非常非常小时,xt∆∆就可以表示物体在t时刻的瞬时速度,该定义应用了极限思想法C.在不需要考虑物体本身的大小和形状时,用质点来代替物体的方法叫假设法D.在推导匀变速运动位移公式时,把整个运动过程划分成很多小段,每一小段近似看作匀速直线运动,然后把各小段的位移相加,这里采用了微元法3.关于速度、速度变化量、加速度,以下说法正确的是()A.运动物体的速度变化量越大,它的加速度一定越大B.速度很大的物体,其加速度可能很小,可能为零C.某时刻物体速度为零,其加速度也一定为零D.若加速度越来越小,则速度也一定越来越小4.一辆汽车以20m/s 的速度沿平直公路行驶,由于前方突发事故,汽车当即以大小为5m/s 2的加速度刹车,则开始刹车后2s 与开始刹车后6s 汽车通过的位移之比为( ) A .1:4 B .3:5 C .3:4 D .5:95.如图,位于水平桌面上的物块P ,由跨过定滑轮的轻绳与物块相连,从滑轮到P 和到Q 的两段绳都是水平的,已知PQ 之间以及P 与桌面之间的动摩擦因数都是μ,P 、Q 的质量均为m ,滑轮轴上的摩擦不计,若用一水平向右的力F 拉P 使之做匀速运动,则F 的大小为( ) A .7μmg B .6μmg C .5μmg D .4μmg6.一物体作自由落体运动,通过一段位移Δx 所用的时间为t 1,紧接着通过下一段位移Δx 所用时间为t 2。