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期末考试题型：1.Re-organizing sentences for a news report (10%)2.Matching headlines to lead paragraphs (10%)3.True or False questions about English journalism (cf. Appendix I below) (10%)4.Reading Comprehension (3 passages with 15 multiple-choice questions) (30%)5.Abbreviations in News reports (complete forms +Chinese translation) (10%)6.News Headline Analysis (10%) （Analyzing the stylistic features of 3 news headlines）7.News comment writing (20%) (about 200 words)1.Definition of journalism, medium, news报刊（p1）、媒介（p2）、新闻（p4）的定义2.Functions of mass communication vs functions of newspaper大众传播工具（p2）与报纸（p1）的功能3.News value; public interest; principles of newsworthiness新闻价值；公众兴趣；衡量新闻价值的原则（p4）4.Classification of news新闻的分类（p6）5.Five basic elements of news新闻的五个基本要素（p6）6.Legal concerns; codes of ethics法律关系；道德规范（p7）(General knowledge is enough. No need for word by word memorization.)（一般知识就够了。
英语报刊选读课程教学大纲课程编号: 050263 适用专业：英语专业学时数：36学分数：2一、课程的性质、任务本课程通过有目的、较系统地阅读国内外英语报刊文章，使英语专业高年级学生逐渐掌握阅读英语报刊时必备的背景知识，掌握常用的新闻语言的规律，了解、拓宽学生的文化视野，了解中国和世界大事，知晓中西交流和变化，初步打好阅读英语报刊的基本功，提高理解和分析问题的能力，培养对信息的敏感性及发掘、利用信息的能力。
同时。
要求学生必须逐渐熟悉并掌握新闻语言及其特点；逐渐积累和丰富阅读报刊所需要的背景知识；了解新闻英语在文体及写作方面的特点。
二、课程的教学目的和要求目的：本课程的教学目的是培养学生阅读英语报刊的基本功。
这里，英语报刊主要是指在英国和美国出版的报纸和刊物。
通过学习，学生将会了解一些主要英美报刊的历史、特点、政治立场和观点等，同时对英语报刊常见的版面结构和编排方法等有所了解。
当然最主要的，学生将掌握报刊英语的特点，扩大有关政治、经济、军事、法律等方面的词汇，丰富自己的知识，从而为独立阅读各种英语报刊打下良好的基础。
要求：教员授课时应以学生为中心，鼓励学生自己去探索和获取知识。
在上课时，可要求学生先回答每课后的练习题——Questions，使他们基本了解课文的主要内容。
然后，再逐段或跳跃式选段对学生需要掌握的内容、新闻词语和背景知识进行阅读和问答式方式讲解。
如果备课充分，学生的英语水平又高，教员可采用美英教员教授母语的方法，抛开课本或讲义，只讲有关课文的重点词语、背景知识和写作手法等。
这样，学生除预习外，课后还要结合教员在课堂上所讲的内容好好复习课文。
这两种授课方式的好处是，使学生通过自学(指预习)和教师的指导，自己主动去掌握知识。
与以教员为中心的灌输式教育方式相比，学生更能巩固所学，并使他们今后更能发挥学习潜能。
此外，这也使有的教员摆脱了那种课文注释那么详细而觉得在课堂上没有多少可讲的被动地位和局面。
《英语报刊选读》课程教学大纲一、课程基本信息二、课程目标（一）总体目标：《英语报刊选读》的目标是通过多种介质，如纸质、音频和视频等具有时效性和丰富性的语料输入，帮助学生同步积累语言、文化、社会和学科知识。
这样，学生能够阅读和理解英语报刊杂志中关于经济、政治、科技、文化等各种主题的文章，掌握主旨思想，并用英语有理有据地表达自己的看法和评论。
此举旨在提高学生的阅读和评论写作能力。
此外，该教材还让学生接触到目标语国家的真实社会状况和文化环境，全方位了解英语国家的价值观念、思维方式、经济发展、文化教育和民族心理。
通过这种方式，学生可以提高新闻意识和媒介素养，培养思辨能力和跨文化交际能力。
同时，这也有助于学生形成正确的价值观和世界观，使他们在跨文化交际中能坚定中国观点和立场，深入理解中国的价值观和发展观。
（二）课程目标：课程目标1：提高阅读理解能力：能够运用阅读策略，读懂英语报刊杂志中经济、政治、科技、文化等各种主题的文章，理解主旨思想、重要事实、主要细节等，并进一步理解文章的隐含意义及倾向。
课程目标2：提高新闻意识和媒介素养：掌握新闻的定义、新闻价值、新闻体裁、新闻文本独具的语言和文化特色等新闻理论知识，具备新闻意识和媒介素养，客观评论新闻。
课程目标3：培养思辨和跨文化交际能力：提升信息搜集和分析的能力，理解全球各国的交际礼仪、审美趣味、思维方式、价值观和意识形态。
这将帮助我们客观地认识中国与世界，形成正确的价值观和世界观。
在跨文化交际中，我们应坚定维护中国观点和立场，用英语阐述中国的内涵和价值。
课程目标4：提高评论写作能力：能就英语报刊中的常见话题发表自己的看法和评论，字数在300字以上，观点明确，语句通顺，条理清晰，论证严密，有理有据。
（三）课程目标与毕业要求、课程内容的对应关系三、教学内容课程导读1.教学目标1)让学生了解熟悉世界主流英语媒体及国内权威英语媒体资源2)使学生掌握基础的新闻理论知识3)帮助学生培养媒体素养，使学生能够多角度理解并客观评论新闻2.教学重难点培养学生的媒介素养，使学生认识到西方媒体报道的特点，强调中国媒体报道世界的中国视角和中国观点3.教学内容1）课程资源介绍，包括主要的英语媒体资源，重点介绍国内的权威英语媒体资源2）新闻理论知识讲解，包括新闻的定义、价值、体裁、语言特色及文化特色等3）媒介素养培养，介绍西方媒体报道新闻、特别使中国新闻的特调，强调中国媒体报道新闻的视角和观点第一单元Education1.教学目标1）使学生掌握“教育”主题常用的词汇和句型2）使学生掌握Text A的主旨、结构、事实细节3）使学生掌握词义猜测第一部分的阅读策略4）通过其他课内外材料的阅读，对“教育”相关主题形成自己的看法2.教学重难点通过文字、音频、视频等多种材料的自学及课堂教学，让学生充分了解“教育”相关主题的信息，形成自己的观点和看法3.教学内容1“教育”主题新闻播报2Text A背景知识、课文主旨、结构的讲解分析3学术阅读策略1的学习和训练4“教育”相关主题的课堂讨论第二单元Culture and Society1.教学目标1 使学生掌握“文化与社会”主题常用的词汇和句型2 使学生掌握Text A的主旨、结构、事实细节3 使学生掌握词义猜测第二部分的阅读策略4 通过其他课内外材料的阅读，对“文化与社会”相关主题形成自己的看法2.教学重难点通过文字、音频、视频等多种材料的自学及课堂教学，让学生充分了解“文化与社会”相关主题的信息，形成自己的观点和看法3.教学内容1“文化与社会”主题新闻播报2Text A背景知识、课文主旨、结构的讲解分析3学术阅读策略2的学习和训练4“文化与社会”相关主题的课堂讨论第三单元Politics1.教学目标1 使学生掌握“政治”主题常用的词汇和句型2 使学生掌握Text A的主旨、结构、事实细节3 使学生掌握定位中心句和重要细节这一阅读策略4 通过其他课内外材料的阅读，对“政治”相关主题形成自己的看法2.教学重难点通过文字、音频、视频等多种材料的自学及课堂教学，让学生充分了解“政治”相关主题的信息，形成自己的观点和看法3.教学内容1“政治”主题新闻播报2Text A背景知识、课文主旨、结构的讲解分析3学术阅读策略3的学习和训练4“政治”相关主题的课堂讨论第四单元Economy1.教学目标1 使学生掌握“经济”主题常用的词汇和句型2 使学生掌握Text A的主旨、结构、事实细节3 使学生掌握判断文章结构这一阅读策略4 通过其他课内外材料的阅读，对“经济”相关主题形成自己的看法2.教学重难点通过文字、音频、视频等多种材料的自学及课堂教学，让学生充分了解“经济”相关主题的信息，形成自己的观点和看法3.教学内容1“经济”主题新闻播报2Text A背景知识、课文主旨、结构的讲解分析3学术阅读策略4的学习和训练4“经济”相关主题的课堂讨论第五单元Science and Technology1.教学目标1 使学生掌握“科技”主题常用的词汇和句型2 使学生掌握Text A的主旨、结构、事实细节3 使学生了解批判性思考的特点和在阅读中的重要性4 通过其他课内外材料的阅读，对“科技”相关主题形成自己的看法2.教学重难点通过文字、音频、视频等多种材料的自学及课堂教学，让学生充分了解“科技”相关主题的信息，形成自己的观点和看法3.教学内容1“科技”主题新闻播报2Text A背景知识、课文主旨、结构的讲解分析3学术阅读策略5的学习和训练4“科技”相关主题的课堂讨论四、学时分配表2：各章节的具体内容和学时分配表五、教学进度表3：教学进度表六、教材及参考书目1．张卓主编，《新媒体英语阅读》，苏州大学出版社，2020年1月第1版七、教学方法本课程专注于知识传授、价值引导和能力提升三个维度，将课程思政与主题学习、语言学习和技能学习紧密结合。
报刊常见简短词accord=agreementaide=assistantaim=purposerally=amass assemblydrive=campaigntalk=negotiationace=champion得胜者aid=assistance帮助blast =explosion爆炸body=committee/commission clash=controversy机构crash, smash =collision碰撞，坠毁deal=agreement/transaction协议dems=democrats民主党党员envoy=ambassador大使fake=counterfeit赝品，骗局fete=celebration庆祝<活动>dub = nicknamefeud=strong dispute严重分歧flop=failure失败freeze=stabilization冻结glut=oversupply供过于求GOP=Grand Old Party共和党nod=approval许可，批准pact=agreement，treaty协议poll=election，public opinion poll 投票选举，民意测验probe=investigation调查pull out=withdrawal撤退，撤离rift=separation隔离，分离row=quarrel争论，争议set=ready准备snag=unexpected difficulty 意外障碍，意外困难statement=dispute that cannot be settled僵持，僵局stance=attitude态度step=progress进程，进步strife=conflict冲突，矛盾ties=(diplomatic)relations关系hit，harm，hurt, ruin或wreck=damagedrop，give up，quit，skip或yield =abandonaid=assist帮助，援助alter=change or modify改变ask=inquire询问assail=denounce谴责axe=dismiss/reduce解雇，减少balk=impede阻碍ban=prohibit or forbid禁止bar=prevent防止，阻止bare=expose or reveal暴露，揭露begin=commence开始bid=attempt努力bilk=cheat欺骗bolt=desert or abandon放弃boost=increase增加，提高check=examine检查claim=cause the death of夺去……的生命clash=disagree strong1y发生分歧curb=control or restrict控制dip=decline or decrease下降ease=lessen减轻，缓和end=terminate结束，中止flay=criticize批评flout=insult侮辱foil=prevent from阻止，防止grill = investigate调查gut=destroy摧毁head=direct率领hold=arrest逮捕laud=praise赞扬lop=diminish下降，减少map=work out制订mark=celebrate庆祝name=appoint\nominate提名moot=discuss讨论mull=consider考虑nab=arrest逮捕nip=defeat击败nix=deny\disapprove否决，拒绝opt=choose选择oust=expel驱逐peril=endanger危害，危及pledge=determine发誓plot=conspire预谋，密谋策划plunge=plummet价格等暴跌poise=ready for action作好准备probe=investigate调查raid =attack进攻rap =criticize批评rebuke=criticize批评rout=defeat completely击溃slay=murder谋杀soar=skyrocket急剧上升spur=encourage激励，鞭策swap=exchange交流，交换sway=influence影响trim=reduce削减vie=compete竞争vow=determine决心，发誓weigh=consider考虑woo=seek to win争取，追求Aussie=Australian澳大利亚的报刊常见缩略词s of organizationUNESCO=United Nations Educational, Scientific And Cultural Organization(联合国教科文组织)•IMF=International Monetary Fund(国际货币基金组织)•ASEAN=Association Of Southeast Asian Nations(东南亚国家联盟；“东盟”)•OPEC=Organization Of Petroleum Exporting Countries(石油输出国组织；“欧佩克”)•IOC=International Olympic Committee(国际奥林匹克委员会)•NASA=National Aeronautics And Space Administration[(美国)国家宇航局]•UN（联合国）•WTP Wold Trade Organization世界贸易组织•APEC Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation亚太经济合作组织•SC Security Council联合国的“安全理事会”，简称“安理会”2. Other proper namesGDP Gross Domestic Product国内生产总值•UFO=Unidentified Flying Object(不明飞行物；“飞碟”)•DJI=Dow-Jones Index(道·琼斯指数)•ABM=Anti-Ballistic Missile(反弹道导弹)•SAL T=Strategic Arms Limitation Talks(限制战略武器会谈)•SDI=Strategic Defence Initiative(战略防御措施)•GMT=Greenwich Mean Time(格林威治标准时间)s for people’s professions, titles•PM=Prime Minister(总理；首相)•GM=General Manager(总经理)•VIP=V ery Important Person(贵宾；要人)•TP=Traffic Policeman(交通警察)•PA=Personal Assistant(私人助理)OICQ英文Open ICQ的缩写(ICQ为英文I See Y ou的谐音)，简称QQ，是目前流行的一种网上聊天软件OC（International Olympic Committee国际奥林匹克委员会），ASP（American selling price美国销售价），expo（exposition 博览会），biz（business商业），champ（champion冠军），con（convict罪犯），homo（homosexual同性恋），lib（liberation解放），vic（victory 胜利），pro（professional专业的；职业的），rep（representative代表），Sec（secretary秘书），vet（veteran老兵；老手），tech（technology 技术），copter=helicopter直升机nat’l=national全国的com’l=commercial 商业的c’tee=committee 委员会C’wealth=Commonwealth英联邦telly=television电视机pix=pictures电影WB（world bank世界银行），ipix（pictures图像浏览技术）extra vehicular activity (EV A舱外活动).FAQ frequently asked questionsBBS Bulletin Board System公告牌系统或电子公告板RSS really simple syndication也叫聚合RSS，在线共享内容的一种简易方式，DWI driving while intoxicated。
一，who we are now1.But the president was openly ambivalent, too.2.Because who we are now-a country in which traditional barriers of race, age and gender are crumbling-flows in many ways from what LBJ did then.3.Why exhume the long-dead Johnson on the occasion of one of the most engaging inaugural since George Washington took the oath at Federal Hall…4.His conflicting language underscores the nation’s occasionally wary view of the changes wrought by immigration.5.There is something quintessentially American about a lumbering white man from Texas…6.In the understandable thrill of the inaugural season, all eyes are turned to this single man, all ears attuned to his voice.7.Whatever your politics, the election of the 44th president represents a kind of redemption from the long and tragic history of blacks…8.If you count a generation as roughly 21 years, he was off the mark, since the rapidly inspired backlash shaped politics for more than 40 years9.In 1909,…proposed a literary test to restrict the influx of the “Italians, Russians,Poles,Hungarians”…10.Then,in1952,Congress passed the…Act,which essentially made naturalization colorblind.(平等的对待不同肤色的人)11.The tension between assimilation and separation is eternal, but there is no doubt that this flood of immigration and the breaking down of barriers between previously estranged (疏远的，隔离的)groups within the country has created a much more fluid culture than…12.The key cohort is the 75 million-strong generation known as the millennials(1980-2000)13.perennial:lasting for a long time or forever14.The disparity between older and younger voters was greater in 2008 than at any other time…15.The younger cohort is more diverse than the general population, more female, more secular, less socially conservative and more willing to describe themselves as liberals.16.In the wake of a possible terrorist attack, fear could easily lead to tension, resent and discord.17.witch hunts: an attempt to find and punish people with different opinions18.allude to: mention sth. in an indirect way19.momentous:very important20.mythic:very famousndslide竞选中压倒多数性的选票二，The lost generation1.The most enduring harm is being done to young people who cannot grab onto the first rung of the career ladder.2.Affected are a range of young people,from high school dropouts,to college grades,to newly minted lawyers and…3.Studies suggest that an extended period of young joblessness can significantly depress lifetime income as people get sunk (unable to move)in jobs that are beneath their capabilities, or come to be seen by employers as damaged goods.研究表明，青年人长期失业会大大压低其一生的薪金水平，因为这些人难以摆脱无法发挥自己能力的工作，被雇主视为有缺陷的员工。
《英语报刊阅读》课程考核说明及复习资料《英语报刊阅读》课程考核说明及复习资料英语报刊阅读?是本科开放教育英语专业的选修课程之一。
本课程的目的是使学生增强对英语报刊的阅读理解能力，扩大视野，使他们通过学习既能学到新闻语言，又能掌握阅读这些报刊必须具备的有关知识和主要与政治、军事、外交、经济、法律、宗教、文教和科技等有关的词语。
课程的重点是培养学生的阅读理解能力。
考核方式包括形成性考核和课程终结考试。
课程终结考试以考查学生阅读和理解英语报刊的技能，适当包括课程中介绍的读报知识。
一、考核对象中央广播电视大学本科开放教育英语专业学生。
二、考核方式本课程的考核采取两种形式：形成性考核和终结考试分别以百分制记分。
课程总成绩为百分制，形成性考核占20%，课程终结考试占80%。
1．形成性考核：包括平时作业、参与面授辅导和各项教学活动的情况，以及学生对学习过程的自我监控情况。
2．课程终结考试：以笔试形式进行。
笔试主要包括阅读和翻译，满分为100分。
题型主要为报刊词汇翻译，选择题，正误判断题，问题回答，句子或段落翻译等。
三、命题依据本课程终结考试的命题依据是中央广播电视大学本科开放教育英语专业教学计划、课程教学大纲以及有周学艺主编、北京大学出版社的《美英报刊文章选读》（精选本）。
四、评价目标本考试重点考查学生对英语报刊的阅读理解能力和对时事政治新闻词语的掌握，并适当考查课程中所介绍的读报知识。
五、命题原则课程终结考试的命题根据教材所涵盖的有关中国、美国、英国以及亚洲的新闻内容以及与教材难度相当阅读技能，涉及教材内容不少于60%。
六、考试要求本课程终结考试为半开卷考试，除有关规定允许携带的物品外，考生不得携带其他任何形式的参考资料和电子读物或工具。
七、题型与复习资料（见附件）附件1《英语报刊选读》期末考试题型一、将下列报刊杂志名译成中文或英文。
二、将下列词组译为中文。
三、选择正确的项目替换划线部分的内容。
(词汇替换)四、阅读理解。
课程：英语报刊选读复习要点（最新版）熟悉下列英语报刊高频率词汇的含义In Mediaback issue, bulletin, canned copy, censorship, checkbook journalism, cold news, development stories, dope story, exclusive, breaking news, catchpenny, brief, broad sheet paper, caption, cover story, editor’s not es (Eds) ,flash, follow-up story, newscast, publicity, puff pieces, personal profile, round-up/wrap-up, running stories, social event features, spot news, wire service/news agency, update, deep throatIn Politicsriot police, the Bush administration, Saddam regime, rogue state, Axis of evil, Donkey, Elephant, Al-Qaeda, cold war mentality, empty-nest syndrome, Femlib, low profile, news blackout, sexism, upper, dove, hawk, police state, pocket vetoIn Metro Life dust storm/ sand storm, public hazard, fat farm, visual pollution, midriff, bug, edp crimes, domestic violence, occupational disease, makeover nation, Internet hookups, gay marriage, B-schoolIn Military Affairsbeam weapons, blanket bombing, MIA (missing in action), POW, war games, non-proliferation drive, bloodless coup, scud missile, military coup, military presence, stealth bomber, honey trap, weapon of mass destruction, coalition forces, checkbook participation, talkman, stealth fighters, decapitationIn Medicineeuthanasia或mercy killing/painless death, industrial disease, liposuction, vanity surgery, hypertensionIn Business and EconomyEuroland, debt chain, buy-out, equity joint venture, job-hopper, hardball, consumer price index (CPI), kickback, knockout product, scalper, cash cow, ATM (Automatic Teller Machine), Gate’s LawIn Science & Technologycanned software, cutting edge, g-force, info highway, computernik,In Film and TVbox office income/record/value, premiere /debut, trailer, show biz, animation, block-buster, paparazzo , rating , sitcom , soundtrack , extra Proper NounsWhite House, Capitol Hill, Buckingham, Downing Street No.10, Fleet Street, Pentagon, Wall Street, Broadway, Elysee, Kremlin, Hollywood, Silicon ValleyGreen Berets, Blue Berets, Iron Lady, Iron Curtain, First Lady Loanwordspersona non grata, glasnost, per capita, rapport, bloc, tsunami, tycoon, status quo, De factoa wait-and–see attitude, the life-and–death issue, the hit-and-run tactics, ready-to-eat foodThe four social functions of the media: surveillance, interpretation, transmit values, entertainment The Definition of JournalismDefinition of News and ingredients/elements of news News value/the newsworthinessPublic interest, Criteria for Newsworthiness:News value determiners²Timeliness.²Impact or Consequence or Importance²Prominence or Eminence²Proximity or closeness/ nearness²Conflict²The Unusual or the Bizarreness / Weirdness²Currency²NecessityNews ClassificationHard NewsSoft NewsFeaturescommentaries and columnspositive coveragenegative coverageneutral coveragemuckrakingThe headlineThe grammar of headlines:tenses, voices, Omission/Ellipsis, Punctuations, abbreviations各种机构、重要的国际组织名称的缩写常用缩写Important International Organizations, 要积累和熟记, E.g.CIA ( Central Intelligence Agency)FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation),PLO,OPEC, ApecIMF (International Monetary Fund), WHOATM- Automatic Teller Machine CEO-Chief Executive OfficerCFO-Chief financial OfficerCNN-Cable News Networks Copter-helicopterCTO-Chief Technology Officer CTV-Cable TVD-dayDJ-disc jockeyDJ-Dow Jones & Co.GE-General ElectricsGM-General MotorsGMS-Global Positioning SystemHKSAR-Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ICP-Internet Content ProviderIOUMart-marketMP- Member of ParliamentPM- Prime MinisterNMD-the National Missile Defense systemNYSE-New York Stock ExchangeOpec-Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries PNTR-Permanent Normal Trade RelationsPOW-prisoner of warSIM-Subscribers’ Identification ModuleV-day- Victory DayVP-Vice PresidentLead and body of a news storyA direct lead A delayed leadInverted pyramid阅读材料中的内容(Selected Readings from Mainstream Newspapers & Magazines) 包括重点词汇：International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)denuclearizationthe terrorism blacklistIOC( the International Olympic Committee)human rights abusesAI (Amnesty International)BOCAG (Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games ) International Paralympics Committee (IPC)The Federal Reservehigh net worth individualsthe Guinness World Recordthe National Intelligence Councilthe National Counterintelligence ExecutiveIPCC (the United Nation’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) EU (the European Union)Met Office (the Meteorological Office)the Royal Geographical SocietyGreenpeacethe World Health OrganisationNGO (non-governmental organizations)civil societyGongoshardline policyNASCAR (National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing)Unifem (United Nations Development Fund for Women)GOPWFP (the UN World Food Program)Article 43 (page 85) Paragraphs 1 & 2cyber-censorshipAttribution：消息来源official sourcesa US State Department sourcewell-informed sourcepolice sourcesthe highest quartersthe quarters concerneddiplomatic quartersmilitary expertsdiplomatic observeran unidentified sourcea source who wants to remain anonymous a source speaking on condition of anonymity。
英语报刊阅读复习英语报刊阅读复习一、重点单词：1、常用单词：aid＝assist; helpalter＝change or modifyask＝inquireban＝prohibit or forbidblast＝explodebegin＝commenceboost＝increasecheck＝examineclaim＝cause the death of ...clash＝disagree stronglycurb＝control or restrictdip＝decline or decreaseease＝lessenend＝terminateflay＝criticizeflout＝insultfoil＝prevent fromgrill＝investigategut＝destroyhead＝directhold＝arrestaccord=agreement(协议）aid＝assistance（帮助）aim=purpose(目的）arms= weapons (武器）blast＝explosion（爆炸）body＝committee, commission（委员会）clash＝controversy; dispute（冲突）crash＝collision（碰撞，坠毁）deal＝agreement, transaction（协议，交易）envoy＝ambassador（大使）fake＝counterfeit（赝品，骗局）fete＝celebration（庆祝（活动））feud＝strong dispute（严重分歧）flop＝failure（失败）freeze＝stabilization（（物价、工资等）冻结）gems＝jewels (珠宝；首饰）nod＝approval（许可，批准）pact＝agreement, treaty（条约，协议）poll＝election, public opinion poll（投票选举，民意测验）?probe＝investigation（调查）pullout＝withdrawal（撤退，撤离）rift＝separation（隔离，分离）set＝ready（准备）step＝progress（进程，进步）strife＝conflict（冲突，矛盾）talk=negotiation(谈判）ties＝(diplomatic) relations（（外交）关系）2、常见事物名称：Aids（艾滋病）获得性免疫功能丧失综合症(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ?UFO＝Unidentified Flying Object DJI＝Dow-Jones IndexCPI=Consumer Price IndexPR＝Public RelationsSALT＝Strategic Arms Limitation Talks（限制战略武器会谈）SDI＝Strategic Defense Initiative（战略防御措施）GMT＝Greenwich Mean TimeJV=Joint VentureIPR=Intellectual Property Rights3、职业、职务或职称的简称，如MP（议员）PM＝Prime Minister（总理；首相）FM= Foreign Minister 外长; Finance Minister 财长DM= Defense Minister 国防部长GM＝General Manager总经理CEO= Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官CFO= Chief Financial Officer 首席财务官CMO= Chief Market Officer 首席市场总监CTO= Chief Technology Office首席技术官COO= Chief Operating Officer 首席运营官VIP＝Very Important Person贵宾；要人TP＝Traffic Policeman交通警察PA＝Personal Assistant私人助理pro＝professional专业的，职业的rep＝representative 代表Russ＝Russia 俄罗斯sec＝secretary秘书tech＝technology技术4、特殊结构单词：1) 截头留尾：chute＝parachute降落伞copter= helicopter 直升机Quake= earthquake 地震2）截取首尾，保留中间flu=influenza流感frige= refrigerator 冰箱Tec = detective 侦探Vic = convict 罪犯or victory胜利3）截去中间，保留首尾c…tee＝committee委员会C…wealth＝Commonwealth英联邦com…l＝commercial（商业的，广告）gov?t= government 政府motel= motor hotel 汽车旅馆nat…l＝national全国的telecast=television broadcast 电视广播4）不规则裁剪词Aussie＝Australian澳大利亚人telly＝television（电视机）Brunch=breakfast + lunch 早中餐ecopolitics=economic politics 政治经济N-test= Nuclear test 核试验pix＝pictures（电影）L. America=Latin America 拉丁美洲N. Ireland=North Ireland 北爱尔兰S．Africa= South Africa 南非二、知识点1、Supreme Court of the United States---------------美国最高法院District Court-----------------------------------------------地方法院Claims Court-----------------------------------------------索赔法院Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit----------联邦巡回上诉法院Court of International Trade---------------------------国际贸易法院Territorial Courts------------------------------------------属地法院Court of Military Appeals-------------------------------军事上诉法院Court of Veterans Appeals-----------------------------退伍军人上诉法院Administrative Office of the Courts-----------------法院行政管理局Federal Judicial Center----------------------------------联邦司法中心2、Elephant----The Republican PartyMost members are conservatives.Donkey------The Democratic PartyMost members are liberals.3、奥巴马是美国第56届、第44任和第43位总统关于“届”“任”“位”美国宪法规定，总统选举4年一次，总统任满4年为一届。
同济大学英美报刊选读期末考试必备资料（由河清海晏整理）Part One1.What is news? What are some categories of news?2.What is news value? What are some basic elements of news value?3.What are the functions of the newspaper?4.What are the features of a front page in a newspaper?5.What are the main features of headlines in Lexis, Grammar and Rhetoric?6.How do news magazines differ from newspapers in layout and news coverage?7.What is news lead? What are direct lead and delayed lead?8.What is the body structure of a news story? What are advantages of it?9.What are the difference between tabloids and broadsheets? (at least four aspects)10.What are the main functions of mass communication for society?11.How to deal with new words in reading newspapers and magazines?12.What is communication? What are the forms of communication?13.What is the code of ethics for journalists?14.What is journalism? What does the study of journalism include?15.What is the definition of news agency? What are the major news agencies in America and Britain?16.What are the benefits obtained via appreciating the language of English news?17.What is privacy? What actions can be regarded as invasion of privacy?18.Give a brief account of the general communication process19.What is Yellow Journalism？20.What is hard news? What is soft news? How to distinguish between them?ANSWERS AND PERFECT VERSION:PLEASE CONTACT : NINE SIX ONE TWO THREE TWO EIGHT FOUR ONE(qqnumber)Part TwoAPEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济合作组织API Air Pollution Index 空气污染指数ATM Automatic Teller Machine 自动取款(出纳)机BBS Bulletin Board System 电子布告栏系统CFO Chief Financial Officer 首席财务官CIA Central Intelligence Agency (美国)中央情报局CPI Consumer Price Index 消费价格指数DJIA Dow Jones Industrial Average (美国) 道琼斯工业平均指数FIFA International Federation of Football Association 国际足球联盟IMF International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织IPR intellectual property right 知识产权ISO International Standards Organization 国际标准化组织NGO Non-Government Organization 非政府组织NMD National Missile Defense 国家导弹防御系统NPC National People's Congress 全国人民代表大会NYSE New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组织PPI Producer Price Index 生产者物价指数SOE State-Owned Enterprise 国有企业UPI United Press International 美国合众国际社。
一、Phrase TranslationUnit 11、证券交易所stock market2、回顾或反思（过去）in restropect3、为……提供基础set the stage for4、毁灭性后果devastating consequences5、信息技术的繁荣发展the information-technology boom6、不予理睬ride roughshod over sth.7、在危险中at risk8、战斗力combat effectiveness9、武装力量the armed force10、相反，反之on the contrary11、国土安全homeland security12、交战状态state of war13、无辜的受害者innocent victims14、秘密警察secret police15、大规模杀伤性武器WMD/weapons of mass destruction16、干对某人（对手）有利的事play into the hands of sb.17、先发制人的军事行动pre-emptive military action18、对……口头支持或表面赞成pay lip service to sth.19、最后的手段 a last resort20、核扩散nuclear proliferationUnit 21、世界经济论坛Word Economic Form/WEF2、网络公司狂dotcom mania3、企业的社会责任corporate social responsibility4、递延补偿deferred compensation5、非政府组织non-government organization6、更不必说not to mention7、坚定的信念article of faith8、企业的慈善事业corporate philanthropy9、善举good works10、税负见面tax relief11、案例研究case study12、双赢的特性win-win characterUnit 41、死囚区death house/death row2、死刑capital punishment/death penalty3、有线电视cable television4、商会chamber of commerce5、刑事司法criminal justice6、死刑电椅electric chair7、管教警官correctional officers8、无论好坏for good or ill9、无法想象的暴力行为unthinkable acts of violence10、监狱博物馆the Prison MuseumUnit 61.宪法对同性婚姻的禁止 a constriction/ban on gay marriage2.关于基本民德的辩论 a debate about fundamental mores3.承认各自的婚姻法recognise each other’s marriage laws4.给同性恋者一些除婚姻以外的合法权益grant gays some legal rights short of marriage5.一个一个地驳斥这些论点reject these arguments one by one6.联邦制度的实施the operation of the federal system7.保证和延迟民主的实施guarantee or extend the operation of democracy8.妇女选举权women’s suffrage9.维护社会准则defend social norms10.国会两院三分之二的多数 a two-thirds majority in both houses of congress11.公会对立法者的压力public pressure on legislators12.进行一场更大的政治赌博take a bigger political gambleUnit 91.超高频电视ultrahigh frequency/UHF television2.电子游戏video games/ electric games/ E-games3.数码摄像机digital video camera/ DCI camcorder4.漂亮/时髦手机snazzy mobile/ cell phone/ handset5.便利店convenience store6.配件生产商accessories producer7.安全系统security system8.压缩光盘compressed disc/CD9.芯片组chipset10.电池能耗battery consumption11.巨大突破 a huge quantum leap12.自动售货机vending machine二、Sentence TranslationUnit 11. The destruction of the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center made a symbolic statement that reverberated around the world, and the fact that people could watch the event on their television sets endowed it with an emotional impact that no terrorist act had ever achieved before.世贸双子塔的毁灭，是一个象征性的声明，震动全球；而人们可以在电视上观看此事件又使得它对人们造成的情感冲击超过以往任何恐怖行为。
英语报刊选读一、阅读材料1. The Economist (经济学人)The Economist is a weekly international business magazine published in London. It provides objective reporting, analysis and opinion to help business people and policy makers understand the global economy. The magazine covers a wide range of topics including business, politics, technology, culture and international affairs. It is a good source of news and analysis for English learners.2. New York Times (纽约时报)The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City. It is one of the most influential English-language newspapers in the world, covering news, culture, sports and other topics. The newspaper publishes high-quality reporting, analysis and opinion on current events, and it is a good source of reading practice for English learners.3. Wall Street Journal (华尔街日报)The Wall Street Journal is a daily business newspaper published in New York City. It provides objective reporting and analysis on the financial markets, business news, economics and other topics. The newspaper is written in a formal style and is a good choice for students who want to improve their writing skills.二、回答问题1. What are the main differences between The Economist and the New York Times?The Economist is a weekly international business magazine published in London, providing objective reporting, analysis and opinion to help business people and policy makers understand the global economy. The New York Times is a daily newspaper published in New York City, covering news, culture, sports and other topics. Therefore, The Economist is more focused on business and international affairs, while the New York Times covers a wider range of topics.2. What are the advantages of reading Wall Street Journal for English learners?Reading the Wall Street Journal has several advantages for English learners. Firstly, it provides objective reporting and analysis on the financial markets, business news, economics and other topics, which helps learners improve their understanding of financial and economic issues. Secondly, the newspaper is written in a formal style, which provides learners with opportunities to improve their writing skills. Finally, reading the Wall Street Journal is a good source of reading practice for learners who want to improve their reading comprehension and vocabulary skills.三、个人观点In my opinion, reading English newspapers and magazines is an effective way for English learners to improve their language proficiency. By reading different types of newspapers and magazines, learners can broaden their horizons, improve their writing skills, and gain a better understanding of current events and international affairs. Additionally, reading newspapers and magazines in a foreign language provides learners with opportunities to practice their reading, listening, speaking and writing skills, which helps them develop a more natural fluency in the target language. Therefore, I recommend that English learners regularly read English newspapers and magazines to improve their language proficiency.。
英语报刊选读期末复习指导《英语报刊选读》期末复习指导一、课程说明本课程为本科开放教育英语专业的选修课程之一，开设时间为第五学期。
教学对象是广播电视大学英语本科学生或具有同等水平的自学者。
本课程采用的教材为《美英报刊文章阅读》和《〈美英报刊文章阅读〉学习辅导》(周学艺主编，北京大学出版社出版，2001年10月第2版)。
二、考试说明本课程终结性考核方式为闭卷考试，考生不得携带任何形式的参考资料和电子读物或工具。
考核范围为:第1单元 Chinese AffairsLesson One Exp loding Tourism Eroding China‘s RichesLesson Two Beijing Dreams of 2008Lesson Three Home at Last第2单元 American Affairs (I)Lesson Four Best Graduate SchoolsLesson Five Is Harvard Worth It ?第3单元 American Affairs (II)Lesson Eight Judge Sees Politics in Los Alamos CaseLesson Ten Big Crimes, Small CitiesLesson Eleven Hollywood Demons第4单元 American Affairs (III)Lesson Thirteen Lobbyist Out Of Shadow Into The SpotlightLesson Fourteen The Rich Get Richer and Elected---1---1第5 单元 American Affairs (IV)Lesson Nineteen Free-talking and Fast Results第6单元 British AffairsLesson Twenty Why the Monarchy Must StayLesson Twenty-one Anything But Beef?第7单元 Asian AffairsLesson Twenty-four Giant on The Move第8单元 Australian, Brazilian, European & African AffairsLesson Twenty-eight Killing in the Name of GodLesson Twenty-nine Testimony to S. African Catharsis题型及分数比例:I.补上标题中省略或被代替的单词 (10%) II、阅读理解部分:选择题 (30%)正误判断题 (20%)问题回答 (20%)III. 翻译题 (20%)三、复习要点本考试重点考查学生对英语报刊的阅读理解能力和对时事政治新闻词语的掌握，并适当考查课程中所介绍的读报知识。
1.三军：海军 navy 空军 air force 陆军 army2.provocative→provocation:刺激3. economy 经济体4.twists and towns 走过了很多5.abyss of misery 苦海深渊 7.see...straight 看清楚 8.cover up 掩盖9.war criminal offences 战争罪行 0.trigger 导火线 111.deteriorate 恶化，变坏 12.uninhabited 无人居住的 13.silent consensus 默契ic drama 闹剧→synonym farce 15.derogatory 比拟→derogative16.indignation 义愤17.condemn谴责 18.national cohesiveness 民族凝聚力 19.escalate 升级 20.chip/bad 筹码 21.outreach 超越，拓广，延伸 22. Reciprocal互惠互利23.SOES State-owned Enterprises 国有企业 ernment agency 国家机关 25.public servant 公务员 26.public institutions 事业单位 27.allocation 拨款28.joint statements 联合声明 29. IPR 知识产权 30.infringement 侵权31.slogan 标语 32.trademark 商标 33.copyright 版权 34.fallacy 谬论，谬误 1.insurance premium 保险费2.insurance policy 保险单3.real estate market/housing market 房地产市场4.down payment 首付5.reimburse 偿还，赔偿6.fringe benefit 福利7.五险一金：endowment insurance 养老保险medical insurance 医保unemployment insurance 失业保险employment injury 工伤保险housing fund 住房公积金maternity insurance 生育保险8.invoice （receipt）发票9.digrade credit ratings 下调性10.inflation/deflation 通货膨胀/通货紧缩11.bailout 救济12.greenbank 美元13.convertible 可兑换的14.indebted 负债的15.creditor/debtor 债权人/债务人16.appreaction/revalue 升值 deprecation/devalue 贬值17.unfavorable treats 顺差18.deficit/surplus 赤字/盈余19.counterfeit/forged 假冒产品20.salary：base pay 基本工资merit pay 绩效工资21.windfall 外快22.year-end bonus 年终奖23.after/before-tax pay 税前/税后工资24.overtime pay 加班费25.severance pay 遣散费；（军队）复员、转业费26.probation 试用期27.evaluation 考核28.subsidy 津贴，补贴29.allowance 津贴，差旅费30.turnover 周转31.capital facility/accommodation 资金流通32.inventory 库存1.factor endowment 生产要素2.FDI Foreign Direct Investment 外资3.intermediary 仲裁者，调解者4.divisive 分歧的5.trade imbalance 贸易失衡6.deficit 财政赤字7.punitive tariff 惩罚性关税8.retaliatory tariff 报复性关税 retaliatory duty 报复税率9.anti-dumping 反倾销10.countervailing duty 反贴补税11.green barriers 绿色贸易壁垒12.trade barriers 贸易壁垒13.expot rebates出口退税14.infringement 侵权15.term of validity 有效期16.license 许可17.frandrisins 特许经营18.royacties 知识产权费w of history development 历史规律2.deployment 部署，分配3.hegemonism 霸权主义 global hegemonism supremacy 全球霸权4.supremacy 霸权itary blocs 军事集团6.NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织7.WTO Warsaw Treaty Organization 华沙条约组织8.client nation 附属国9.disintegrate/demise 解体10.disarmament 裁军11.peacekeeping operation 维和行动12.containment 遏制13.resumption:restore the exercise of sovereign over 恢复行使主权14.reunification 重新统一；重新团结15.zero-sum 零和16.unipolar/multipolar 单极/多极世界1.swing states 摇摆的州2.electoral vote 选票3.national congress 国会4.plenary session 全会5.moderately prosperous society in all-round way 小康社会6.multipolarization 多极化7.mulitant 武装人员8.stealth fighter 隐形战斗机9.truce 停战协议10.aircraft carrier 航母mission 列装；服役；委任12.hull number 战舰序列号13.deterrance 震慑力14.high sea 公海15.capability of combat 战力16.joint military drill/exercise 联合军演17.desertification 荒漠化18.accountability system 问责制19.performance/achievement assessment 政绩考核20.one-vote-negetion 一票否决21.doseliction/neglect of duty 失职；过失责任22.cyclic economy 循环经济23.imperformance 不作为24.investigation 追究（责任）25.cadres 干部w-enforcement 法律的事实27.publicity 宣传教育方面的短语1.exam-oriented 应试的2.expenditure 支出，花费，经费，消费额3.variant 偏差4.misellaneous charges 学杂费5.schooling charges 学费6.sponsorship fee 赞助费7.post-graduation 就业8.NEET Not in Education，Employment or Training 啃老族pulsory 义务的10.k9 education 九年义务教育11.elite education 精英教育12.job-hopping/jump-job 跳槽13.literacy 读写能力14.preschool：nurserykindergarten15.junior/senior middle school 初中/高中16.speciality/junior college 专科教育17.diploma 文凭18.adult education：evening school 夜校correspondence education 函授in-service education 在职教育distance education 远程教育continuing education 继续教育literacy class 扫盲班19.key university 重点大学20.elective/optional course 选修课21.required/compulsory course 必修课22.basic course 基础课23.specialized course 专业课24.school timetable 课程表25.curriculm 课程（总称）A.Translation of NewsAgencies/Papers/magazines9.The Christian Science Monitor 《基督教科学箴言》10.International Herald Tribute《国际先驱报》11.Time 《时代周刊》12.The Guardian 《卫报》13.Far East Economic Review《远东经济评论》14.The New Statesman and Nation 《新政治家》15.Wall Street Journal 《华尔街日报》B.Translations of Abbreviations1.NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织2.NAFFA North American Free Trade Area 北美自由贸易区3.IPR Intellectual Property Right 知识产权4.APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经合组织5.ICC International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会6.ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations 东盟7.GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关贸总协定8.UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, CulturalOrganization 联合国教科文组织9.SIO International Organization for Standardization国际标准组织10.CPPCC Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference中国人民政治协商会议11.MNEs Multinational Enterprises跨国企业12.IMF International Monetary Fund国际货币基金组织13.IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency国际原子能组织14. WTO World Trade Organization世贸组织15.CPT Consumer Price Index消费物价指数16.PMI Purchase Manager's Index采购经理人指数17.NPC The National People's Congress全国人民代表大会18.SCO Shanghai Cooperation Organization上合组织19.OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组织20.CPC Communist Party of China中国共产党21.SOEs Stated-owned Enterprises国有企业22.G8 Group of Eight八国集团23.WHO World Health Organization世界卫生组织24.CEO Chief Executive Officer首席执行官25.GDP Gross of Domestic Product国内生产总值26.SMSEs Small and Middle-sized Enterprises中小型企业C.Translations of Expressions1.House of Representatives 众议院Senate 参议院The House of Lords(of Britain)/The Upper House 上议院The House of Commons/The Lower House 下议院2.Subprime Mortgage/Lending Crisis 次贷危机3.Insurance Policy/Premium 保险单/保险金4.Non-Communist Party 民主党派5.Retaliatory Duty 报复性关税6.Fiscal Austerity Policy 财政紧缩政策7.Social Status Quo 社会现状8.real estate 房地产petitive election 差额选举10.embargo 禁运11.consistent stand 一贯的立场12.countervailing 反补贴13.currency depreciation 货币贬值14.State Council 国务院15.National Cohesiveness 民族凝聚力16.aircraft carrier 航母17.emerging economies 新兴经济体18.Global Hegemonism Supremacy 全球霸权主义19.Increase Y-O-Y/M-T-M/Le-T-Le 同比/环比增长20.surplus 盈余21.universial education 普及教育22.Eurozone 欧元区23.Constitutional Monarchy 君主立宪制24.vote by secret ballots 无记名投票25.sanction 制裁26.Non-Party member 无党派人士（党外人士）房地产方面的短语：经济适用房：affordable housing 廉租房：low-rent housing 保障性住房：government-subsidized affordable housing 可支配收入：disposable income 农村住房改造:rural housing renovation Real property:房地产,不动产一线城市：first-tier city 二线城市：second-tier city 临界点，均衡点Break-even point 财政紧缩政策Tightening policyCBRC：China Banking Regulatory Commission 银监会（中国银行业监督管理委员会）CSRC：证监会(China Securities Regulatory Commission)中国证券监督管理委员会Property regulation measure：房地产调控措施限购令：Housing purchase limit policies 降息Interest rate cuts 期房Future houses 现房completed houses 专项拨款Earmark专项经费earmarks 站得住脚：hold water 银监会：CBRC 房地产调控措施：property regulation measures 房地产泡沫：real estate bubble PPP：purchasing power parity 购买力平价中共18大：the 18th National Congress of CPC(第十八次中国共产党全国代表大会) Impeachment 弹劾 Ecological civilization 生态文明Traveling allowance 差旅费 Mortgage 抵押贷款，房贷Reimbursement 报销Energy preservation and emission reduction 节能减排求同存异:seeking common ground while preserving difference宏观调控：macro-control (该词出现在句子翻译中)例句：加强和改善宏观调控，促进经济平稳较快发展。
1.News：is the reporting of events.2. Categories:○1important of content: hard news: flash， urgent， brief, breaking news Soft news: features, personal profile, anecdote Hard news: stories of a timely nature about events or conflicts that have just happened or are about to happen, such as crimes, fires, meeting., protest, rallies, speeches and testimony in court cases.Breaking news: if the action or event occurred the same day as or the day before publication of the newspaper.○2different media: newspaper coverage, magazine coverage, radio news, TV news, cable news, news agency dispatches.○3 regions: world news, home news, local news○4 fields: political, economic, technology, cultural, sports, violence and crime, disaster, weather, obituary, entertainment3. Structure of news report: who, what, when, where, why, how4. basic news story: headline, lead, body, ending○1 headline: (包括dateline and byline) is the line on the top of story, tells reader what the story is about, the beginning of story, the hook tells reader what the story about.○2in hard-news story, the lead usually is written in one sentence—the first sentence of story.○3dateline: which tells reader when and where story is written is important.○4byline: which gives credit to the writer is also important.○5an event that happened the day of or day before publication, or an event that is due to happen in the immediate future is considered timely.5. Qualities:Timeliness, proximity, unusual nature(the uniqueness of an event)新奇, celebrities, human interest, conflict or impact ,anniversary Additional qualities: helpfulness, entertainment, inspiration, special interest.Chapter 21.Newspaper: are publication usually issued on a daily or weekly basic,the main function of which is the report of news. Newspaper also provides commentary on the news, advocate various public policies, and furnish special information and advice to readers.2.A brief history of newspaper: where and when was the first newspaper.○1German language: 1605 by Johann carols in Strasbourg（第一份报纸）○2中外新报was the first newspaper in china in 1858○3France: 1631 La Gazette（第一份出版在法国）○4England: 1621 Gorante or weekly news○5American: 1690, Boston, Benjamin Harris public occurrence 3.Contents of newspapers: news, information and advertising4.Structure of newspaper: the first page, international, national, themetro, business/finance, sport, arts, travel, obituaryChapter 3 american newspaper一．Brief introduction：1. Private2.thicker (more than 40 pages)3. Content: local, national, foreign4.2/3—advertising 1/3—sales二. Kinds:1. Time: daily, Sunday, weekly, semi-weekly, biweekly, triweekly2. Popularity: ○1 the most influential○2 more influential○3 popular3. Region: local, national三．American newspapers:1. The New York Times:American daily newspaper, 1851 published in New York. The largest metropolitan(都市日报). The gray lady national Paper motto“all the news that is fit to print”.Win 101 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any news organization.2. the Washington Post(华盛顿邮报): largest circulation in WashingtonD.C. Oldest paper in 1877. Focus on national politics and international affairs. Win 25 Pulitzer Prizes.3.Los Angeles Times(洛杉矶时报):daily newspaper published in Los Angeles , california since 1881 western united states. second largest metropolitan in US and the forth widely distributed newspaper in the US 39Pulitzer prizes4.U.S.A Today(今日美国报): national daily newspaper founded in 1982 Colorful and bold national polls on public sentiment 美国唯一的全国性报纸5.The Wall Street Journal: 1889.7.8 international largest circulation(发行量)newspaper. Win 33 Pulitzer Prize. Business newspaper.Chapter 4 British Newspaper一．Kinds:1. Qualisty: mainly founded before 1896 follow the tradition of the journals of the 18th century and early 19th ,have an undramatic design2. Popular: founded after the launching of the Daily Mail in 1896 二．Famous newspaper:1.The Times(泰晤士报): daily national, published in the unitedkingdom since 1785 when it was known as “the daily universal Register” its sister paper “the Sunday times”2.The Financial times(金融时报): 1988, international businessnewspaper, morning daily newspaper3.The Guardian(卫报): 1821, until 1959, it called the Manchesterguardian. It is unique is owned by a foundation.4.The Daily Telegraph(每日邮电报)：daily morning broadsheet,June 1855Chapter 5: Pulitzer prizeIt is a US award for achievement in newspaper and online journalism, literature and musical composition. Established by Hungarian-American publisher Joseph Pulitzer is administered by Columbia University.有21个奖项。
同济大学编辑英语教材同济大学作为中国著名的高等学府，一直以来致力于提高教学质量和学生的英语水平。
为了更好地满足学生的需求，同济大学决定编辑一本适用于本校学生的英语教材。
本教材将采用全新的教学理念和方法，旨在提高学生的英语沟通能力和综合素质。
一、教材编辑目标编写适合同济大学学生的教材是为了帮助他们建立坚实的英语基础。
教材的目标是培养学生的听说读写能力，以及语言交际和跨文化交际能力。
同时，教材还应该关注学生的综合素质培养，提供一些与学科专业相关的英语学习内容，帮助学生更好地应对专业学习中的英语交流和文献阅读。
二、教材内容1. 单词和语法：教材应该包含足够的常用单词和常用语法知识，并通过丰富的例句和练习帮助学生掌握和运用。
2. 阅读理解：教材应该包括各种类型的阅读材料，涵盖不同主题和语言风格。
文本内容可以与学科专业相关，并引导学生培养阅读技巧和阅读理解能力。
3. 听力训练：教材应该提供大量听力材料，包括对话、新闻、讲座等，以帮助学生提高听力技巧和听力理解能力。
4. 口语和写作：教材需要提供适合学生水平的口语和写作练习，引导学生进行口头表达和书面表达。
可以包括角色扮演、辩论、写作任务等形式。
5. 文化背景：教材应该融入一定的文化背景知识，以增加学生对英语国家文化的了解，并促进跨文化交际能力的培养。
三、教材特色1. 实用性：教材内容应该贴近学生的学科专业和实际生活，注重提供学习英语的实用技巧和方法。
2. 多样性：教材应该涵盖各种不同题材和体裁的内容，以满足不同学生的学习需求和兴趣。
3. 可操作性：教材应该设计合理的练习和任务，使学生能够主动参与，提高学习的积极性和效果。
4. 适应性：教材应该根据学生的英语水平和学科特点，设计不同难度和内容的教学单元，以满足学生个性化学习的需求。
以上是关于同济大学编辑英语教材的一些建议。
希望这本教材可以成为同济大学学生提高英语能力和综合素质的重要工具，为他们的学习和未来的发展提供有力的支持。
no-man’s-land无人地带to score well得到了高分SAT =?美国高考=Scholastic Aptitude TestScholastic Assessment Test经济负担financial burden名声响的学校a prestigious collegeMore expressions:an Ivy League collegetop-flight school, selective institutionexclusive, elite, leading, highly-ranked, top-ranked, a top institutionbe worried that he wasn’t ready academically担心他学习跟不上社区学院community collegefine-tune one’s skills = improve one’s skillsmore:to hone / whet / sharpen / enhance / boost one’s skillsMy childhood days have been the perfect gender stereotype experience, where I could feel the downside of being a girl. I had to involve myself in household cooking, cleaning and water collection despite my commitment to schooling. With all odds against me I could stretch my abilities and study up to post-graduation. Today with a doctoral degree and as a professor, I desire to excel as an author and teacher, but home responsibilities hinder me from fine-tuning my skills, though I am spared of the majority of household responsibilities,.This applies to most educated women, despite their contribution in the market of economic production, either through direct or indirect involvement. The consequences are women find it difficult or even impossible to fine-tune their skills despite having the passion for their areas of operation.I'm planning to work full-time this year to save some money and take some community college art courses to fine-tune my drawing skills.work on a full-time basisStudents in the outdoors are able to whet their observational skills while learning from nature.as confident as a Connecticut preppyDefinition of a preppy →A guy or girl who dresses perfectly without trying to. They appear to do everything welland with ease. They are frequently the descendants of "old" money and are very well off financially. Despite this, they don't need obsequious displays of wealth (i.e. wearingVersace) to convey that they are better off than everyone else. The usual clothing of choice is Lacoste, Ralph Lauren, Lilly, L.L. Bean, J. Press, and Brooks Brothers to namea few. Abercrombie & Fitch is not a preppy staple, as it has been co-opted by the nouveauand hoi polloi. Connecticut has more preppies per square mile than any other state (I should know, I was born and raised there, a child of privilege). The highest concentration of them are on Connecticut's "Gold Coast", Westport, Darien, New Canaan, with smaller yet densely clustered habitations in Madison, Clinton, Guilford, West Hartford, Glastonbury, Farmington, Avon, Old Saybrook and Stonington.Ivy League 常春藤联盟Brown University(1764):罗德岛州普洛威顿斯Columbia University(1754):纽约州纽约市Cornell University (1865):纽约州伊萨卡Dartmouth College(1769):新罕布什尔州汉诺佛Harvard University(1636):马萨诸塞州剑桥城University of Pennsylvania(1740):宾夕法尼亚州费城Princeton University(1746):新泽西州普林斯顿Yale University(1701):康涅狄格州纽黑文fill a [minority enrollment] quotaAssertive actionknow for sure非常清楚take on those schools’requirements适应这些学校的要求take advantage of the fact that…利用…这一现实Young people should take advantage of the fact that they are in high demand and make sure to leave a job as soon as their learning curve flattens.Take notes and represent the following paragraph:-contribute, -concerned: wm, cft, dur., + 外app., 利用:忍if look right. M: smile, w: thin winter, pick way, sn., hi-heeledNo one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight ofa woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way throughdeep snow in high-heeled shoes.democratic, blue-collar institution为平民开办的蓝领院校democratization of povertyupscale caps and gowns高层次的毕业生a bargain划得来的买卖tuition and fees学杂费Run: 处于某一水平The resulting surplus, which even today runs at about $8 billion a year, was used first to pay down Ottawa's deficit and later to provide the funds for whatever new spending schemes the federal government came up with.Community colleges are a strong and reasonably priced option for students, especially if they are unsure about a major or not emotionally ready for the pleasure and pains of dorm life and large classes. Average annual tuition and fees at public community colleges runs about $2,361 versus $6,185 at four-year public colleges, according to 2008 data from the American Association of Community Colleges.州里由于缺钱给公办大学制定了招生上限cash-strapped states cap enrollment at public universities为优等生开的课程honors programs有才华的学生talented studentsexceptionally/excessively/exceedingly talented ?Our employees are talented, but not excessively so平均年龄median age学术威望academic cachet建立社区大学的最初使命是为补习功课的本科生和人到中年想换工作的人提供一处充电场所,提高学术声望是否违背这一宗旨?Does the greater academic cachet betray the community college’s original mission to provide a refuge for remedial undergrads and midlife career switchers?It must be stressed that although some critics and some schools of literary theory have lost their luster (失去光泽,辉煌不再)and their academic cachet, their adherents do not simply vanish from sight when their leaders die or when the winds of study change direction.burst upon scene, appear on the sceneadherent =supporter, proponent, follower, advocate, backer, fan, disciple奖学金scholarshipsfellowship学生与教授的比例student-professor ratio普通学生a regular studentcasual student？common, ordinary, average?pupil, sixth-former, (a form teacher), a middle-schoolercollege student, freshman, sophomore, junior, senior, college graduate, postgraduate, doctoral student, doctoral candidate, full-time / part-time student, auditor, diploma student, non-degree student, research student, resident student,commuting student, day boarder (搭伙走读生), live on / off campusInternational studenthigh achiever, underachiever, super-achiever, dropout, flunkout, ghostwriter,honors students主要是白人女性predominantly white females在力争……的过程中in the scramble for那些无经验的有为青年在工作竞争中被挤掉了.The inexperienced young hopefuls were pushed aside in the scramble for places.presidential hopefulAs a latecomer in the scramble for colonies, the U.S. often presented its own efforts to compete with more established colonial powers as anti-colonial.失去焦点/关注点lose one’s focus开放性open accessHave access to, enjoy access to, widen access to the Medicare, households with access to the Internet, cells with access to the InternetInternet, intranet将……限制在传统的角色中restrict …to the traditional role研究型大学research universities优秀学生elite students少数精英the elite fewscholar = studentvisiting scholar榜样motivational role model←I found it odd that folks would make a role model out of a character that was a former mass murderer.←他曾杀过很多人，而人们却把这样一个人物当成行为榜样,我觉得这很奇怪。
复习资料一：《专业英语》词和词组缩略写Unit 11 抽样量化编码 sampling quantizing coding2 话路 speech channel3 幅值 amplitude value4 抽样频率 sampling frequency5 抽样速率 sampling rate6 脉冲流 stream of pulses7 重复率 repetition rate8 编码过程 coding process9 模拟信号 analog signal10 传输质量 transmission quality11 数字通信 digital communication12 数字传输 digital transmission13 噪声环境 noisy environment14传输路径 transmission path15 信噪比 signal to noise ratio16 信号电平 signal levels17 地面系统 terrestrial system18 噪声功率 noise power19 二进制传输 binary transmission20 反向操作 reverse operation21 8位码序列 8-digit sequence22 接收端 receiving terminal23 帧格式 frame format24 同步字 synchronization word25 时分复用 TDMUnit 21 串行接口 serial interface2 显示终端 CRT terminal3 发送器和接受器 transmitter and receiver4 数据传输 data transmission5 数据流 data stream6 空闲状态 the idle state7 传号电平 mark level8 空号电平 space level9 起始位 start bit10 停止位 stop bit11 持续时间T秒 duration of T seconds12 奇遇校验位 parity bit13 错误标志 error flag14 传输错误 transmission error15 下降沿 falling edge16 符号间的空格 intersymbol space17 接收机的定时 receiver timing18 本地时钟 local clock复习资料二：《专业英语》填空练习一．选择合适的答案填空（正确答案已在题中用“√”表示）:1.Urgent communications which could not because of no reply one end of the link could have dramatic consequences.A. establish, inB. is established, withC. be establishing, toD. be established, at (√)2.The operator of a local telephone switchboard had an option an optical or acoustical signal for the person over a wirednetwork.A. transmit, searchB. to transmit, searched (√)C. transmitting, searchingD. to transmit, to search3.The operation of a communication network needs a messagingsystem.A. to be complement withB. complement toC. to be complemented by (√)D. to complemented in4.Thus was born a new, but perpetually paging service as a one-way selective signaling system without speech.A. developing, defined (√)B. developed, definingC. develop, defineD. to develop, to define5.Today, certain models of pagers are even equipped with a displaycapability ofoptical messages of 10 to 80 characters.A. provide, consistB. provided, consistedC. providing, consisting (√)D. provision, consistant6.Paging systems using radio transmitters to this serviceremain currently in use mainly for service area not a few kilometers.A. dedicate, exceedB. dedicating, exceededC. is dedicated, is exceededD. dedicated, exceeding (√)二．选择合适的答案填空（正确答案已在题中用“√”表示）:1.One of many reasons for a cellular mobile telephone systemandit in many cities is the conventional mobile telephone system.A. develop, deployB. to develop, to deployC. developing, deploying (√)D. developed, deployed2.The ideal mobile telephone system would operate within a assigned frequency band and would serve an almost number ofusers inareas.A.limited, unlimited, unlimited (√)B.limitation, limitation, limitationC.limit, limit, limitD.limiting,limiting, limiting3.LSI technology and mass production contribute to reduced cost in the future an average-income family should be able a mobiletelephone unit.A. which, affordingB. that, affordedC. when, affordD. so that, to afford (√)4.Microprocessors and minicomputers are now for controllingmany complicated features and functions with less power and size was previously possible.A. used, than (√)B. use, thisC. using, theyD. usage,it5.On Jan. 4, 1979, the FCC Illinois Bell Telephone Co.a developmental cellular system in the Chicago area and make a limitedoffering of its cellular service to the public.A. authorize, conductB. authorizing, conductingC. authorized, to conduct (√)D. to authorize, conducted6.Why 800 MHz? The FCC’s decision 800 MHz was because of severe spectrum limitations at lower frequency bands.A. to choose, made (√)B. choose, to makeC. choice, makeD. choice, making三．选择合适的答案填空（正确答案已在题中用“√”表示）：puter data in the public domain by a packet switched datanetworkX. 25 protocols.A.are transported, based on(√)B. transports, base onC. transported, based onD. to transport, base2.When the future BISDN network, one must allpossible existing and future services.A. design, takeB. designing, take into account(√)C. designed, accountD. to design, taking3.A telex network telex information, i. e. messages of characters,at very low speed.A. transports, transported (√)B. transported, transportC. to transport, to transportD. transporting4.The NISDN cannot transport TV signals its limited bandwidth capabilities, so a special TV network is still .A. because, requireB. with, to requireC. due to, required (√)D. within, requiring5.Each network is only capable one specific service for it was intentionally designed.A. of transporting, which (√)B. transporting, oneC. transport, whereD. to transport, when四.选择合适的答案填空（正确答案已在题中用“√”表示）1.The telephone contains a transmitter and receiver for backand forthanalog voice and analog electrical signals.A. convert, inB. converting, between (√)C. conversion, toD. converted, into2.Each subscriber connecrs local loop to a switching center, as an end office.A. to, callingB. with, knownC. the, knowD. via, known (√)3.The trunks are designed multiple voice-frequency circuits either FDM or synchronous TDM.A. carry, useB. carried, usedC. to carry, to useD. to carry, using (√)4.Although originally to service analog telephone subscribers,the telephone network handles substantial data traffic modem,and gradually being converted to a digital network.A. implemented, via (√)B. implementing, inC. to implement, withinD. design, on5.Designers have found it convenient these nodes into a hierarchy or tree topology, five classes of switching centersor nodes.A. organization, consistB. organize, consistingC. to organize, consisting (√)D. organizing, to consist复习资料四：专业英语短文翻译1.The reader may ask , how does the demultiplexer know which group of 8-digits relates tochannel 1, 2, and so on ? Clearly this is important ! The problem is easily overcome by specifyinga frame format , where at the start of each frame a unique sequence of pulses called the framecode , or synchronization word , is placed so as to identify the start of the frame. A circuit of the demultiplexer is arranged to detect the synchronization word, and thereby it knows that the nextgroup of 8-digits corresponds to channel 1.2.Advances in audio, video and speech coding and compression algorithms and progress inVery Large System Integration technology influence the bit rate generated by a certain service andthus change the service requirements for the network. In the future, new services with unknown requirement will appear. For the time being it is yet unclear, e. g. what the requirement in terms ofbit rate for HDTV will be. A specialized network has great difficulties in adapting to changing ornew service requirements.3.When the transmitter wishes to send data, it first places the line in a space level (i. e. , the complement of a mark) for one element period. This element is called the start bit and has a duration of T seconds. The transmitter then sends the character, 1 bit at a time, by placing each successive bit on the line for a duration of T seconds, until all bits have been transmitted. Then a single parity bit is calculated by the transmitter and sent after the data bits. Finally, the transmitter sends a stop bit at a mark level (i. e. the same level as the idle state) for one or two bit periods. Now the transmitter may send another character whenever it wishes4.The cellular switch, which can be either analog or digital, switches calls to connect mobile subscribers to other mobile subscribers and to the nationwide telephone network.. It also contains data links providing supervision links between the processor and the switch and between the cell sites and the processor. The radio link carries the voice and signaling between the mobile unit and the cell site. Microwave radio links or wire lines carry both voice and data between the cell site and the MTSO.5.Today's telecommunication networks are characterized by specialization . This means that for every individual telecommunication service at least one network exists that transports this service. A few examples of existing public networks are described belowComputer data are transported in the public domain by a packet switched data network (PSDN) based on X.25 protocol6.Today’s telecommunication networks are characterized by specialization . This means that for every individual telecommunication service at least one network exists that transports this service. A few examples of existing public networks are described below:Computer data are transported in the public domain by a packet switched data network (PSDN) based on X.25 protocols.Television signals can be transported in three ways: broadcast via radio waves using ground antenna, by the coaxial tree network of the community antenna TV (CA TV) network or recently via a satellite, using the so-called direct broadcast system (DBS)7.By far the most popular serial interface between a computer and its CRT (显示器) terminal is the asynchronous serial interface . This interface is so called because the transmitted data and the received data are not synchronized over any extended period and therefore no special means of synchronizing the clocks at the transmitter and receiver is necessary. In fact, the asynchronous serial data link is a very old form of data transmission system and has its origin in the era of theteleprinter.8.At the receiving end of an asynchronous serial data link, the receiver continually monitors the line looking for a start bit. Once the start bit has been detected, the receiver waits until the end of the start bit and then samples the next N bits at their centers, using a clock generated locally by the receiver. As each incoming bit is sampled, it is used to construct a new character. When the received character has been assembled, its parity is calculated and compared with the received parity bit following the character. If they are not equal, a parity error flag is set to indicate atransmission error.9.If we consider binary transmission , the complete information about a particular message will always be obtained by simply detecting the presence or absence of the pulse. By comparison, most other forms of transmission systems convey the message information using the shape , or level of the transmitted signal ; parameters are most easily affected by the noise and attenuation introduced by the transmission path . Consequently there is an inherent advantage for overcoming noisy environments by choosing digital transmission.10. The Internet is the largest repository of information which can provide very large network resources . The network resources can be divided into network facilities resources and network information resources . The network facilities resources provide us the ability of remote computation and communication . The network information resources provide us all kinds of information services , such as science , education , business , history , law , art , and , entertainment , etc11.The SDH standards are based on the principle of direct synchronous multiplexing which is the key to cost effective and flexible telecommunication networking. In essence, it means that individual tributary signals may be multiplexing directly into a higher rate SDH signal without intermediate stage of multiplexing. SDH Network Elements can then be interconnected directly with obvious cost and equipment savings over the existing networks.1.读者也许会问，解复用器怎么知道哪一组8位码对应于第一路、第二路及其他各路呢?显然这是很重要的。
Chapter IIntroduction to English newspaper and English newsI. English newspaper:• the main function---to inform—to influence—to entertain people—to advertiseIV.Classification of English Newspapers•according to the size of pagesrger in size・・・broadsheet—the serious papersb.smaller in size・・・tabloidV.News Agency and major E. newspapers:大News Agency:新闻通讯社：一other names: press agency, wire service,The four famous news agencies in the west:Reuters (Reuter' s News Agency, Britain) 路透社AP (Associated Press, the biggest in the US) 美联社AFP (Agence France Presse, France) 法新社UPI (United Press International, the US) 联合通讯社夫 major E. newspapers and magazines:In the US:1.The New York Times: Its motto 66A11 the news thafs fit to print"2.The Washington Post:3. Los Angeles Times:In Britain:1.The Times:2. The Guardian:3. The Daily Telegraph:4. The Financial TimesII.Introductions to news:News values/qualities: (to list at least four news values)新闻价值：1. timeliness/:时新性/时效性2.imDortance/siznificance:重要性3.nearness/locality/proximity:接近性---geographic nearness---interest nearnessemotional nearness4.promineiice:显著性5.human interest:趣味性/人情味6.unusualness/novelty/uniqueness 独特性Classification of news:hard news:硬新闻Referring to those news reports with comparatively serious subjects and stressing on quality of timeliness.硬新闻指题材比较严肃、具有一定时效性的客观事实报道。
2009 _2010 学年第二学期报刊选读课程教案课程编号：课程类型：选修专业课总学时/周学时：36 / 2开课时间：2010年3月1日至2010年7月17日使用教材：《美英报刊文章阅读》授课对象：专业：商务英语年级：07级英本1专业：商务英语年级：07级英本2专业：商务英语年级：07级英本3 授课教师：姓名:职称：黑河学院教务处制周次起讫时间课次日/月节次学时内容纲要（章、节）1 1\3-----5\3 1 5\3 3.42 Lesson 1 China Finds Western WaysBring New Woes2 8\3----12\3 2 12\3 3.4 2 Lesson 1 China Finds Western WaysBring New Woes3 15\3-------19\3 3 19\3 3.4 2 Lesson 2 Is Harvard Worth It?4 22\3------26\3 4 26\3 3.4 2 Lesson 2 Is Harvard Worth It?5 29\3------2\4 5 2\4 3.4 2 Lesson 3 Logging On to the “IvyLeague”6 7\4-------9\4 6 9\4 3.4 2 Lesson 3 Logging On to the “IvyLeague”7 12\4--------16\4 7 16\4 3.4 2 Lesson 4 Hollywood demons8 19\4-------23\4 8 23\4 3.4 2 Lesson 4 Hollywood demons9 26\4-------30\4 9 30\4 3.4 2 Lesson 5 Labor begins fight for itsheartlands10 10\5-----14\5 10 14\5 3.4 2 Lesson 5 Labor begins fight for itsheartlands11 17\5----21\5 11 21\5 3.4 2 Lesson 6 A Europe “ With One V oice”12 24\5-------28\5 12 28\5 3.4 2 Lesson 6 A Europe “ With One V oice”13 31\5------4\6 13 4\6 3.4 2 Lesson 7 Meeting the AsianChallenge14 7\6------11\6 14 11\6 3.4 2 Lesson 7 Meeting the AsianChallenge15 14\6-------18\6 15 18\6 3.4 2 Lesson 8 Yesterday’s Papers16 21\6--------25\6 16 25\6 3.4 2 Lesson 9 The Big Question17 28\6-------2\7 17 2\7 3.4 2 Lesson 10 Fashion Frill18 5\7-------9\7 18 9\7 3.4 2 Lesson 11 Generation 9/11周次起讫时间课次日/月节次学时内容纲要（章、节）1 1\3-----5\3 1 5\3 5.62 Lesson 1 China Finds Western WaysBring New Woes2 8\3----12\3 2 12\3 5.6 2 Lesson 1 China Finds Western WaysBring New Woes3 15\3-------19\3 3 19\3 5.6 2 Lesson 2 Is Harvard Worth It?4 22\3------26\3 4 26\3 5.6 2 Lesson 2 Is Harvard Worth It?5 29\3------2\4 5 2\4 5.6 2 Lesson 3 Logging On to the “IvyLeague”6 7\4-------9\4 6 9\4 5.6 2 Lesson 3 Logging On to the “IvyLeague”7 12\4--------16\4 7 16\4 5.6 2 Lesson 4 Hollywood demons8 19\4-------23\4 8 23\4 5.6 2 Lesson 4 Hollywood demons9 26\4-------30\4 9 30\4 5.6 2 Lesson 5 Labor begins fight for itsheartlands10 10\5-----14\5 10 14\5 5.6 2 Lesson 5 Labor begins fight for itsheartlands11 17\5----21\5 11 21\5 5.6 2 Lesson 6 A Europe “ With One V oice”12 24\5-------28\5 12 28\5 5.6 2 Lesson 6 A Europe “ With One V oice”13 31\5------4\6 13 4\6 5.6 2 Lesson 7 Meeting the AsianChallenge14 7\6------11\6 14 11\6 5.6 2 Lesson 7 Meeting the AsianChallenge15 14\6-------18\6 15 18\6 5.6 2 Lesson 8 Yesterday’s Papers16 21\6--------25\6 16 25\6 5.6 2 Lesson 9 The Big Question17 28\6-------2\7 17 2\7 5.6 2 Lesson 10 Fashion Frill18 5\7-------9\7 18 9\7 5.6 2 Lesson 11 Generation 9/11周次起讫时间课次日/月节次学时内容纲要（章、节）1 1\3-----5\3 1 5\3 1.2 2 Lesson 1 China Finds Western WaysBring New Woes2 8\3----12\3 2 12\3 1.2 2 Lesson 1 China Finds Western WaysBring New Woes3 15\3-------19\3 3 19\3 1.2 2 Lesson 2 Is Harvard Worth It?4 22\3------26\3 4 26\3 1.2 2 Lesson 2 Is Harvard Worth It?5 29\3------2\4 5 2\4 1.2 2 Lesson 3 Logging On to the “IvyLeague”6 7\4-------9\4 6 9\4 1.2 2 Lesson 3 Logging On to the “IvyLeague”7 12\4--------16\4 7 16\4 1.2 2 Lesson 4 Hollywood demons8 19\4-------23\4 8 23\4 1.2 2 Lesson 4 Hollywood demons9 26\4-------30\4 9 30\4 1.2 2 Lesson 5 Labor begins fight for itsheartlands10 10\5-----14\5 10 14\5 1.2 2 Lesson 5 Labor begins fight for itsheartlands11 17\5----21\5 11 21\5 1.2 2 Lesson 6 A Europe “ With One V oice”12 24\5-------28\5 12 28\5 1.2 2 Lesson 6 A Europe “ With One V oice”13 31\5------4\6 13 4\6 1.2 2 Lesson 7 Meeting the AsianChallenge14 7\6------11\6 14 11\6 1.2 2 Lesson 7 Meeting the AsianChallenge15 14\6-------18\6 15 18\6 1.2 2 Lesson 8 Yesterday’s Papers16 21\6--------25\6 16 25\6 1.2 2 Lesson 9 The Big Question17 28\6-------2\7 17 2\7 1.2 2 Lesson 10 Fashion Frill18 5\7-------9\7 18 9\7 1.2 2 Lesson 11 Generation 9/11黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 1 China Finds Western Ways Bring New Woes教学目的The Aim of Knowledge: Improve the able of reading The Aim of Morality:Master reading skillsThe Aim of Ability:Master the structure of the text教学重点难点Important points:1. Master reading skills2. Master the structure of the text Difficult points:１.the long sentences２.the structure of the text教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: Listening to the Tape教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′First we will learn something about the American and UK’s newspapers before we learn the text:American NewspapersThe New York Times The Washington PostLos Angeles Times USA TodayThe Wall Street Journal The Christian Science MonitorInternational Herald TribuneThen we will learn something about the text :1 background knowledge of the passage2 new words in it3 notes we have to pay attention to4 Reading skills(15’) Exercise: 10′Finish the reading teacher gives them in class and summarize the main idea of it HomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingAmerican newspapersThe text:Background knowledge vocabularies and notesReading skills作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionAccording to the writer, what is the best way to understand the change that has taken place in China?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容Part 3 Testing 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 1 China Finds Western Ways Bring New Woes教学目的The Aim of Knowledge: Improve the able of reading The Aim of Morality:Master reading skillsThe Aim of Ability:Master the structure of the text教学重点难点Important points: 1. Introduction of the general geography of America2. the structure of the textDifficult points: １.The division of America2. .understand the long sentences教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: Listening to the Tape教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′First we will learn something about the American and UK’s newspapers before we learn the text:American periodicalTime NewsweekU.S. News & World Report Reader’s DigestFortune Far Eastern Economic ReviewBusiness WeekThen we will learn something about the text :1 background knowledge of the passage2 Answering the Questions3 Introduction of the useful guide booksExercise: 10′Finish the reading teacher gives them in class and summarize the main idea of it HomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingAmerican peridicalsThe text:Background knowledge questionsGuide books作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionAccording to the writer, what is the best way to understand the change that has taken place in China?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容Part 4 Home Reading 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 2Is Harvard Worth It?教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Grasp the notes and vocabularies in this partThe Aim of Morality: Having the right attitude towards entering the university The Aim of Ability:Master the structure of the text教学重点难点Important points:1. Master reading skills2. Master the structure of the text Difficult points:１.the long sentences２.the structure of the text教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′First we will learn something about the American and UK’s newspapers before we learn the text:UK NewspapersThe Times Finacial Times the GuardianThe Daily Telegraph The EconomistThe Spectator New StatesmanSpecial terms :AP, UPI , Reuters & PAThen we will learn something about the directions of reading newspapers : The term of news:The term of journalese:The newspaper writing and characteristics of title:At last we will see the text in general and analyze the title of it;Exercise: 10′Finish the reading teacher gives them in class and summarize the main idea of it HomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingUK NewspapersSpecial terms :NEWS JOURNALESE TITLE作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionHow to analyze the characteristics of the title in newspaper writing ?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容Part 3 Testing 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 2Is Harvard Worth It?教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Grasp the notes and vocabularies in this partThe Aim of Morality: Having the right attitude towards entering the university The Aim of Ability:Master the structure of the text教学重点难点Important points:1. Master reading skills2. Master the structure of the text Difficult points:１.the long sentences２.the structure of the text教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′Before going on learning the new text ,we will also learn some knowledge about selctive reading of this subject:The famous Amercian Universities;Then we will go on study the detailed information in the text:1.new words2.notes3.Questions4.the summary of the text5.reading skills6.direction of readingExercise: 10′Finish the reading teacher gives them in class and summarize the main idea of it HomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingFamous American Universities:Learning the content :New words vocabularies notes reading skills作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionHow to analyze the characteristics of the title in newspaper writing ?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容Best Graduate Schools 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 2Is Harvard Worth It?教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Grasp the notes and vocabularies in this partThe Aim of Morality: Having the right attitude towards entering the university The Aim of Ability:Master the structure of the text教学重点难点Important points:1. Master reading skills2. Master the structure of the text Difficult points:１.the long sentences２.the structure of the text教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′Before going on learning the new text ,we will also learn some knowledge about selctive reading of this subject:The famous Amercian Universities;Then we will go on study the detailed information in the text:7.new words8.notes9.Questions10.the summary of the text11.reading skills12.direction of readingExercise: 10′Finish the reading teacher gives them in class and summarize the main idea of it HomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingFamous American Universities:Learning the content :New words vocabularies notes reading skills作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionHow to analyze the characteristics of the title in newspaper writing ?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容Best Graduate Schools 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 3 Logging On to the “Ivy League”教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Grasp the notes and vocabularies in this partThe Aim of Morality: Having the right attitude towards entering the university The Aim of Ability:Master the structure of the text教学重点难点Important points:1. Master reading skills2. Master the structure of the text Difficult points:１.the long sentences２.the structure of the text教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′Before going on learning the new text ,we will also learn some knowledge about selctive reading of this subject:The famous IVY LeagueThen we will go on study the detailed information in the text:1new words2notes3Questions4the summary of the text5reading skills6direction of readingExercise: 10′Finish the reading teacher gives them in class and summarize the main idea of it HomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingFamous IVY League :Learning the content :New words vocabularies notes reading skills作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionWhat are the most necessary standards to enter the ivy league ?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容The Evolution Wars 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 3 Logging On to the “Ivy League”教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Grasp the notes and vocabularies in this partThe Aim of Morality: Having the right attitude towards entering the university The Aim of Ability:Master the structure of the text教学重点难点Important points:1. Grasp the new words and notes in the text ;2. Master the structure of the textDifficult points:１.the long sentences２.the structure of the text教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′Before going on learning the new text ,we will also learn some knowledge about selctive reading of this subject:The language used in newspaper writingThen we will go on study the detailed information in the text:7famous Ivy League8reading skills9Questions10the summary of the textExercise: 10′Finish the reading teacher gives them in class and summarize the main idea of it HomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingLanguage used in newspaper writingFamous Ivy leagueLearning the content :New words vocabularies notes reading skills作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionWhat kinds of language can be seen as formal ?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容Floods Ravage New Orleans 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 4 Hollywood Demons教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Grasp the notes and vocabularies in this partThe Aim of Morality:Building the right idea of being famous and going after fashion The Aim of Ability: Be able to pointing out the levels of films教学重点难点Important points:1. Master reading skills2. Master the structure of the text Difficult points: １.the long sentences２.the structure of the text教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′Before going on learning the new text ,we will also learn some knowledge about selctive reading of this subject:1. newspaper writing: Lead of message2. Dateline3. The types of newsThen we will go on study the detailed information in the text:1.new words2. notes3.Questions4.the summary of the text5.reading skills6.direction of readingExercise: 10′Finish the reading teacher gives them in class and summarize the main idea of it HomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingLead of message :Dateline:Learning the content :Hollywood films作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionWhy is people’s focus switching from the material to spiritual ?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容Judge Sees Politics in Los Alamos Case 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 4 Hollywood Demons教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Grasp the notes and vocabularies in this partThe Aim of Morality: Be wise enough to accept the influence from Hollywood Films The Aim of Ability: Be able to judge true and false in the imaged world教学重点难点Important points:1. Grasp the notes and new words in the text2. Master the structure of the text Difficult points:１.the long sentences２.Analyzing the characteristices of news教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′Before going on learning the new text ,we will also learn some knowledge about selctive reading of this subject:The levels of American filmsThen we will go on study the detailed information in the text:The background knowledge of HollywoodThe divisions of American filmsReading skills in the textExercise: 10′Finish the reading teacher gives them in class and summarize the main idea of it HomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingLevels of American filmsTypes of American filmsLearning the content :New words vocabularies notes reading skills作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionDo you like Hollywood films? Do you think they have corruptting influnence on people’s mind?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容Between the Sexes 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 5 Labor begins fight for its heartlands教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Grasp the notes and vocabularies in this partThe Aim of Morality: Be wise enough to accept the influence from Hollywood Films The Aim of Ability: Be able to judge true and false in the imaged world教学重点难点Important points:1. Grasp the notes and new words in the text2. Master the structure of the text Difficult points:１.the long sentences２.Analyzing the characteristices of news教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′Before going on learning the new text ,we will also learn some knowledge about selctive reading of this subject:1.Questions on the testWhat struck the author , the scenery or the miserable life of the young girl?Who is the young girl?What happened to her?What did the narrator do for her?prehension of the text3.Exercisesa)determining the main ideab)comprehending the textc)Discussing the following topicsd)Understanding vocabularyExercise: 10′Extraknowledge studyHomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingBackground knowledge :Learning the content :New words vocabularies notes reading skills作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after class QuestionWhat is the main idea of the article?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容A New Future for Dorah 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 5 Labor begins fight for its heartlands教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Grasp the notes and vocabularies in this partThe Aim of Morality: Be wise enough to accept the influence from Hollywood Films The Aim of Ability: Be able to judge true and false in the imaged world教学重点难点Important points:1. Grasp the notes and new words in the text2. Master the structure of the text Difficult points:１.the long sentences２.Analyzing the characteristices of news教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′Before going on learning the new text ,we will also learn some knowledge about selctive reading of this subject:Parliament and congress in UK and USASome background knowledge of the text :1.determining the main ideaprehending the text3.Discussing the following topics4.Understanding vocabularyExercise: 10′Extra knowledge studyHomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingBackground knowledge :Learning the content :New words vocabularies notes reading skills作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionWhat about the Liberal Democrates in the council election?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容Farewell to Fleet Street 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 6 A Europe “ With One Voice”教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Grasp the notes and vocabularies in this partThe Aim of Morality: Grasp the situation and world affairs in the present dayThe Aim of Ability: Be able to see the difficulty problems everyone encounters nowadays教学重点难点Important points:1. Grasp the notes and new words in the text2. Master the structure of the text Difficult points:１.the long sentences２.Analyzing the characteristices of news教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′Before going on learning the new text ,we will also learn some knowledge about selctive reading of this subject:Some information and knowledge in reading newspapersSome background knowledge of the text :1.determining the main ideaprehending the text3.Discussing the following topics4.Understanding vocabularyExercise: 10′Extra knowledge studyHomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′BoardingBackground knowledge :Learning the content :New words vocabularies notes reading skills作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionDo you think that Europe can act “with one voice”> Why or why not?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容Killing in the name of God 双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 6 A Europe “ With One Voice”教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Learn the reading skills according to the text and find the right way to analyze the structure of it ;The Aim of Morality: Grasp the situation and world affairs in the present dayThe Aim of Ability: Be able to see the difficulty problems everyone encounters nowadays教学重点难点Important points:1. Learn the notes and new words in the text ;2. Master the structure of the textDifficult points:１.the long sentences２.Analyzing the characteristices of news教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′Before going on learning the new text ,we will also learn some knowledge about selctive reading of this subject:Some information and knowledge in reading newspapersSome background knowledge of the text :Language points1.Quo Vadis Europa : where is Europe heading?2. radical: a person who wishes to make great and rapid changes in the government of the country .3. bogged down : delayed, made no progress4. red tape: silly official rules full of details preventing things being done quickly and easily5. soaring rhetoric and grandiose dreams :Exercise: 10′Extra knowledge studyHomeworkDo the home reading after class 5′Boarding Background knowledge :Learning the content :New words作业题和思考题布置HomeworkDo the home reading after classQuestionWhat do you know about the characteristics of Headlines in Journalistic English?参考资料《英美报刊文章阅读》《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》《语言学教程》要求自学内容Are they a nation?双语内容教学后记（经验教训、学生反映、改进意见）教研室主任审查签字黑河学院课程教案课程类型必修公共基础课（）；专业基础课（√）；专业课（）考核方式考试（√）；考查（）选修限选课（）；任选课（）章节名称Lesson 7 Meeting the Asian Challenge教学目的The Aim of Knowledge:Grasp the new words and notes in this textThe Aim of Morality: Build the right emotion and attitude to the position of China today in the workdThe Aim of Ability: Be able to understand the real effect of china in the world教学重点难点Important points:1. Learn the notes and new words in the text ;2. Master the structure of the textDifficult points:１.the long sentences２.Analyzing the characteristices of news教学方法和手段Teaching methodology: 1 task-based learning 2 the communicative approach Teaching means: The multi-media , newspapers教学过程Arranging the class: Greeting with the whole class in order to attract their attention 5′Reviewing the learnt knowledge: the information we have learnt in the last term 5′Learning the new content: 65′Before going on learning the new text ,we will also learn some knowledge about selctive reading of this subject:Some information and knowledge in reading newspapersSome background knowledge of the text :1.Questions on the testWho is Ernest Hemingway?What features of his works are like?prehension of the text3.Exercisesa)determining the main idea b)comprehending the textC)Discussing the following topics d)Understanding vocabulary。
期末考试题型：1.Re-organizing sentences for a news report (10%)2.Matching headlines to lead paragraphs (10%)3.True or False questions about English journalism (cf. Appendix I below) (10%)4.Reading Comprehension (3 passages with 15 multiple-choice questions) (30%)5.Abbreviations in News reports (complete forms +Chinese translation) (10%)6.News Headline Analysis (10%) （Analyzing the stylistic features of 3 news headlines）7.News comment writing (20%) (about 200 words)1.Definition of journalism, medium, news报刊（p1）、媒介（p2）、新闻（p4）的定义2.Functions of mass communication vs functions of newspaper大众传播工具（p2）与报纸（p1）的功能3.News value; public interest; principles of newsworthiness新闻价值；公众兴趣；衡量新闻价值的原则（p4）4.Classification of news新闻的分类（p6）5.Five basic elements of news新闻的五个基本要素（p6）6.Legal concerns; codes of ethics法律关系；道德规范（p7）(General knowledge is enough. No need for word by word memorization.)（一般知识就够了。
不需要的逐词记忆。
）7.Tabloid and broadsheet小报和报纸（p21）(the distinctions between tabloid and broadsheet)（区分小报和大报）8.Major newspapers in the UK and US英国和美国的主流报纸（p13-34）9.Major magazines in the UK and US英国和美国的主流杂志（p13-34）同上10.Lexical features in headlines:small words; abbreviations; etc.在标题的词汇特点：小词；缩略语；等。
（p37）11.Grammatical features in headlines: omission of articles, personal pronouns, etc.; present tense for past events, infinitive for future events, etc在标题的语法特点：省略的文章，人称代词等；现在时表示过去的时间，不定式表示未来事件等（p42）12.Rhetorical features used in headlines :alliteration; parody; metaphor; pun; euphemism用于标题的修辞特点：头韵；戏仿；隐喻；双关语；委婉语（p44）13.News leads , direct vs. delayed lead新闻导语，直接与延迟导语（p48）14.News agenciesOrganizations that collect, transmit, and distribute news to newspapers, periodicals, television, radio, and other journalistic and mass communications media are called news agencies.15.Major news agencies in the world在世界各大通讯社Major news agencies in the UK and USUKReuters(路透社)—one of the largest European press agenciesPA—Press AssociatedUSAP(美联社)—the Associated Press—The oldest press association in the United StatesUPI(合众国际社)—United Press International16.General understanding of the inverted pyramid structure of journalistic writing新闻写作的倒金字塔结构的一般认识（p63）17.Types of news features新闻特写的类型（p75）18.Differences between feature and news report特写和新闻报道之间的差异（p76）19.Basic structure of news comment新闻评论的基本结构（p83）Common abbreviations1. ABC：American Broadcasting Company美国广播公司2. BBC：British Broadcasting Corporation英国广播公司3. NBC：National Broadcasting Company （美国）全国广播公司4. CNN：Cable News Network（美国）有线新闻电视网5. CBS：Columbia Broadcasting System 美国哥伦比亚广播公司6. MPAA：Motion Picture Association of America 美国电影协会7. ITN：Independent Television News（英国）独立电视新闻公司8. APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚洲和太平洋经济合作组织9. ASEAN：Association of Southeast Asian Nations 东南亚国家联盟10. NATO：North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织11. OPEC：Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织12. UNSC：= United Nations Security Council 联合国安全理事会13. WHO：World Health Organization世界卫生组织14. FAO：Food and Agriculture Organization世界粮农组织15. UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization联合国教科文组织16. WIPO：World Intellectual Property Organization（联合国）世界知识产权组织17. IMO：International Maritime Organization国际海事组织18．Interpol/TERPOL: International Criminal Police Organization国际刑警组织19．FBI: Federal Bureau of Investigation美国联邦调查局20. USDHS: United States Department of Homeland Security美国国土安全部21. CIA：Central Intelligence Agency （美国）中央情报局22. NYSE：New York Stock Exchange（美国）纽约证券交易所23. NASDAQ：National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations （美国）全国证券交易商协会自动报价表；纳斯达克24．IMF：International Monetary Fund国际货币基金组织25．NDRC National Development and Reform Commission 国家发改委26. CPC：Communist Party of China27. CPPCC：Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 中国人民政治协商会议28. HKSAR：Hong Kong Special Administrative Region香港特别行政区29. NPC：National People's Congress（中国）全国人民代表大会30. GNP：gross National Product国民生产总值31. GDP：Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值32. EEC：European Economic Community欧（洲经济）共（同）体33. ASPAC---Asian and Pacific Council 亚（洲）太（平洋）理事会34. EU：European Union 欧洲联盟35. NASA= National Aeronautics and Space Administration（美）国家航空和航天局36.WWF：World Wildlife Fund 世界野生动物基金会37.UNDP：United Nations Development Programme 联合国开发计划署38.UNGA：United Nations General Assembly 联（合国）大（会）#39.ICRC：International Committee of the Red Cross 红十字国际委员会40. UNPKF：United Nations Peace－keeping Force联合国维持和平部队41. ICJ：International Court of Justice 国际法院42.DJI：Dow Jones Index 道·琼斯（股票）平均指数43.FM：foreign minister 外交部长44. MP：Member of Parliament议员45. PM：Prime Minister 首相; 总理46. BBS：Bulletin Board System 电子公告板47. EMS：Emergency Medical Service急救医疗48. IOC：International Olympic Committee 国际奥林匹克委员会49. WHC: World Heritage Committee世界遗产委员会50. CISAR：China international Search and Rescue Team中国国际救援队51. CPI：Consumer Price Index 居民消费价格指数52. NGO：Non-governmental Organization非政府组织53. WTO：World Trade Organization世界贸易组织网络版重点第一章英语新闻学的基本概念：一、今天的传播媒介（the mass media today）：1. Communication: the process of sharing ideas, information, and messages with others ina particular time and place.2. Communication includes writing and talking, as well as nonverbal communication, visual communication, and electronic communication.3. Communication is a vital part of personal life and is also important in business, education, and any other situation where people encounter each other.4. Mass communication media: the means of communication that can reach many people at a time either by printed materials or electronic waves are called mass media. These include newspaper, magazines, books, radio, television, public relation and advertising.5. TV and newspaper are the two major kinds of mass media in the present world.二、新闻学的定义（the definition of journalism）:1. Journalism is the collection and periodical publishing of news. It includes writing for, editing, and managing such media as the newspaper and the periodical. In other words, it means gathering, evaluating, and disseminating facts of current interest.三、新闻及新闻要素（news and elements of news）1. News is information that is published in newspapers and broadcast on radio and television about recent events in the country or world or in a particular area of activity.2. There are usually five basic elements in news: who, what, why, when, and where. An additional element may be “how”.四、新闻价值和公众兴趣（news value and public interest）1.软新闻soft news 硬新闻hard news①Hard news generally refers to up-to-the-minute news and events that are reported immediately.Soft news is background information or human-interest stories, which appeal to people`s curiosity, sympathy, skepticism, or amazement.②Subject matter:Politics, war, economics, and crime used to be considered hard news, which arts entertainment and lifestyles were considered soft news.The tone of presentation:A hard news story takes a factual approach: what happened? Who was involved? Where and when did it happen? Why?A soft news story tries instead to entertain or advise the reader2. News value refers to the importance of the facts and details in the news that can satisfy the public`s interest in news.3. Public interest means the degree of attention the readers pay to the news reports.4.News-worthiness of a report: timeliness, proximity, conflict, eminence or prominence, consequence or impact, human interest……五、新闻来源和新闻社（sources of news and news agencies）1. Organizations that collect, transmit, and distribute news to newspapers, periodicals, television, radio, and other journalistic and mass communications media are called news agencies.六、新闻的法律与道德问题（legal and ethical issues of journalism）1. Areas of particular concern to reporters are libel, newsroom searches, protection of sources, invasion of privacy suits and the free press controversy.2. The code of ethics: responsibility, freedom of the press, accuracy and objectivity.第二章报纸报纸的主要功能To inform , to influence, to entertain, to advertise.◇Newspapers are publications usually issued on a daily or weekly basis, the main function of which is to report the news. Newspapers also provide commentary on the news, advocate various public policies, furnish special information and advice to readers, and sometimes include features such as comic strips(连环漫画), cartoons, and serialized(连载) books.小报(tabloid)，大报(broadsheet)第三章新闻杂志Publications released at regular intervals are often called journals, or periodicals.第四章新闻结构1.Grammatical Features of News Headlines：1. Omission of link verbs such as BE and determiners such as articles and pronouns2. Infinitives for future events3. Present tense for past events4. Phrases as headlines5. Pre-modificationExample 1. U.S. plans more Taiwan sales2. The lexical features of headlines：Small words and abbreviations instead of big, complete ones (Why?)aid→assistbid→attemptopt→choosevie→competeraid→attackcurb→controllaud→praiseslam→criticizeback→support,approveofblast→explode,explosionquiz→question,interrogateprobe→enquire,investigateban,bar→prohibit(ion),prevent(ion)nuke→nuclearGov’t→GovernmentPM→Prime Minister3.Basic sentence types of news headlines1. Narrative headline2.Quotation headline3.Interrogative headline4.story headline4. Rhetorical devices used in headlines for tabloidsAlliteration, Parody, Metaphor, Pre-modifier, Inventive lexis, etc.5.leadA direct lead tells readers the most important aspect of the story in a direct and straightforward way, and is often used in hard news.A delayed lead interests readers by hinting the content of the story. It is usually found in features and other soft stories that put more emphasis on human interest rather than timeliness of an event.附表一Major news agencies in the UK and USUKReuters(路透社)—one of the largest European press agenciesPA—Press AssociatedUSAP(美联社)—the Associated Press—The oldest press association in the United StatesUPI(合众国际社)—United Press International。
