2019年北京市中考英语模拟试题含答案.docx

北京市2019年中考英语试题(WORD版,有答案)2019 XXXEnglish Test Paperns for Candidates1.This test paper consists of 10 pages。

with five major ns and 39 small ns。

totaling 60 points。

The test time is 90 minutes.2.Please accurately fill in your name。

n XXX。

n room number。

and seat number on the test paper and scratch paper.3.All answers should be filled in or written on the answer sheet。

Answers written on the test paper are invalid.e a 2B pencil to answer multiple-choice ns on the answer sheet。

and use a black XXX.5.Please return the test paper。

answer sheet。

and XXX.Language Usage (14 points)I。

Fill in the blanks (6 points。

0.5 points per n)Choose the best n from A。

B。

C。

or D to fill in the blank.1.Mr。

Wang is coming to our school。

I can’t wait to see him.2.XXX.3."Excuse me。

how much is this T-shirt?" "It’s 88 yuan."4."Lily。

英语试卷第 1 页（共 8 页） 英语试卷第 2 页（共 8 页）北京市 2019 年初中毕业暨一模考试英 语 试 卷2019.4考生须知1. 本试卷共 8 页，满分 60 分，考试时间 90 分钟。

2. 在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。

3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

4. 在答题卡上，选择题用 2B 铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

5. 考试结束，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

知识运用（共 14 分）一、单项填空。

（共 6 分，每小题 0.5 分）从下面各题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. Terry and I are good friends. are in the same class.A ．HeB ．SheC ．WeD ．They 2．Peter often plays basketball his classmates on weekends.A ．fromB ．withC ．forD ．to 3．My back hurt badly I went to see a doctor.A ．soB ．orC ．andD ．but 4.I think swimming is than running.A ．interestingB ．more interestingC ．most interestingD ．the most interesting 5．Jack to university in England next September.A ．goesB ．wentC ．will goD ．has gone 6．My grandma usually dumplings for me on Sundays.A ．makesB ．madeC ．is makingD ．will make 7．Please keep quiet! My little brother now.A ．sleepsB ．sleptC ．is sleepingD ．was sleeping 8.I a math exam yesterday afternoon. It was quite dif ficult.A ．haveB ．hadC ．am havingD ．will have 9.I my cousins since 2016. I miss them very much.A ．don't seeB ．didn't seeC ．won't seeD ．haven't seen 10．— I come back to school before 10 o'clock?— No, you needn't. A ．Must B ．Can C ．May D ．Should11. Some new computersto that village school last month.A ．giveB ．are givenC ．gaveD ．were given 12．— Excuse me, could you tell me ?— Sorry, sir. I wasn't there at that time yesterday. A ．how the accident happens B ．how does the accident happen C ．how the accident happened D ．how did the accident happen 二、完形填空。

北京市朝阳区2019年中考二模英语试卷2019.6知识运用(共14分)一、单项填空(共6分，每小题0.5分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填人空白处的最佳选项。

1.Mr. Black is very nice. We all like .A. himB. herC. itD. them2. Our foreign teacher often goes to work bike. He likes cycling very much.A.byB. atC. ofD. in3. Nick can help his mum do a lot of housework, he is only 6 years old.A. ifB. whileC. becauseD. although4. ——Must I send the email now?——No, you . You can do it tomorrow.A.can'tB. mustn'tC. needn'tD. shouldn't5. WeChat is growing fast and it is than QQ in recent years.A. popularB. more popularC. most popularD. the most popular6. ——May I speak to Judy?——Sorry, she a speech in the hall now.A. makesB. has madeC. madeD. is making7.——What was your father doing when you got home yesterday?——He dinner at that time.A. cooksB. was cookingC. is cookingD. will cook8.——What do you often do at weekends?——I often my grandparents.A. visitB. visitedC. have visitedD. will visit9.Betty you the answer as soon as she works it out later.A. tellsB. toldC.will tellD. is telling10.——Green. Book is on now.Would you like to go to the cinema with me?——No. thanks. I it twice.A. seeB. sawC. have seenD. will see11. These new cooking robots in Shenzhen last year.A. makeB. madeC. are madeD. were made12. ——Do you know the meeting?——Tomorrow morning.A.when they hadB.when did they haveC.when are going to haveD.when they going to have二、完形填空(共8分，每小题1分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

2019年北京市中考英语试卷副标题一、阅读理解（本大题共13小题，共26.0分）Astudent． It was amazing to see how she made progress in English． And aclose relationship has developed between us．1.Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital？ ______A。

Mike． B. Joanna．C。

Bill．D。

Cindy．2.How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China? ______A。

Three months．B。

Four months．C。

Five months． D. Six months．3.Cindy thinks her host sister is ______ ．A. a wonderful cook B。

a responsible doctorC。

a warm—hearted teacher D。

a hardworking studentBBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else． This spring she thought ofbuilding a go—kart to enter for the Go-Go Race． So she asked her dad forhelp．”Well，" he said． "How about this: you do some research first and thencome back to me with a design．"A week later， Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad． She named her go-kart ”Blue Lightning"． Dad looked over her work， thinking．”Well, that’s interesting，” he said． "Have a try． Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed．”Over three weekends of hard work， Sally turned her design into a real， working go-kart and painted it light blue． Dad asked her to take it for a test drive． Sally agreed．After she did that， Sally drove back to Dad．”Well，" she said．”Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive．””Oh， do you？" he said．”Please share．"”When I drove fast， there was a lot of pushback，" she said．”I think it's because of the lightning bolt （闪电） shape．""Very good！" Dad said．"So， why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place?" Sally asked．Dad laughed． "Where's the fun in that？ If you give a man a fish，he’ll eat for a day． But if you teach a man to fish，he’ll eat for a lifetime．”Sally said， "I see． Anyway， designing is half the fun !"Dad smiled． "Good． Sometimes， learning happens during the process． We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way．"That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder． When she showed Dad her new go—kart， he nodded with pride．Finally came the race．Sally wasn’t worried about whether she would win-in her mind， she had already won， by building something better than ever before．4.Sally thought of building a go-kart to ______ ．A。

2019年北京市中考英语试卷副标题题号I II III IV V总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共13小题，共26.0分）AExperiencing ChinaMike，CanadaI spent three months with my host family（接待家庭）in China．It was a lifetime experience．I was able to experience Chinese living and culture，from basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera．I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital．Now I have a better understanding of Chinese culture．Joanna，AustraliaI stayed with my host family for five months．My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted．With her help，my Chinese has improved a lot．And I have got used to a new culture．My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with her．Bill，AmericaMy host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes．They are tasty and I like them very much．Just like me，my host parents love to learn about different cultures．They often ask me questions about life in America．Cindy，GermanyRecently I took part in a program to study Chinese．I lived with a host family in China for six months．My host sister is a really hardworking student．It was amazing to see how she made progress in English．And a close relationship has developed between us．1.Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital？______A. Mike．B. Joanna．C. Bill．D. Cindy．2.How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China？______A. Three months．B. Four months．C. Five months．D. Six months．3.Cindy thinks her host sister is ______ ．A. a wonderful cookB. a responsible doctorC. a warm-hearted teacherD. a hardworking studentBBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else．This spring shethought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race．Soshe asked her dad for help．"Well，" he said．"How about this：you do some research firstand then come back to me with a design．"A week later，Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad．She named her go-kart "Blue Lightning"．Dad looked over her work，thinking．"Well，that's interesting，" he said．"Have a try．Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed．"Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue．Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．Sally agreed．After she did that，Sally drove back to Dad．"Well，" she said．"Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive．""Oh，do you？" he said．"Please share．""When I drove fast，there was a lot of pushback，" she said．"I think it's because of the lightning bolt （闪电）shape．""Very good!" Dad said．"So，why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place？" Sally asked．Dad laughed．"Where's the fun in that？If you give a man a fish，he'll eat for a day．But if you teach a man to fish，he'll eat for a lifetime．"Sally said，"I see．Anyway，designing is half the fun !"Dad smiled．"Good．Sometimes，learning happens during the process．We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way．"That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder．When she showed Dad her new go-kart，he nodded with pride．Finally came the race．Sally wasn't worried about whether she would win-in her mind，she had already won，by building something better than ever before．4.Sally thought of building a go-kart to ______ ．A. practice drivingB. enter for a raceC. play with friendsD. do some research5.What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart？______A. To have a test drive．B. To take a good rest．C. To give it a cool name．D. To paint it light blue．6.Sally's story mainly tells us that ______ ．A. winning a race is importantB. fishing brings us a lot of funC. driving experience is necessaryD. learning happens during the processCSometimes it seems that time is flying．Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way．Our experience of time can be possibly changed．By understanding the psychological （心理学的）processes behind our different experiences of time，we might be able to slow down time a little．One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed（接触）to new environments and experiences．The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process．The more information our minds take in，the slower time seems to pass．It follows，then，that we have different experiences of time in different situations．In some situations，our life is full of new experiences．Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down．In other situations，we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar（熟悉的）．We become insensitive to our experience，which means we process less information，and time seems to speed up．How can we slow down time Here are two suggestions．Firstly，since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster，we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible．We can give ourselves new challenges，meet new people，and expose our minds to new information，hobbies and skills．This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增加）our experience of time．Secondly，and perhaps most effectively，we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing，feeling，tasting，smelling or hearing．This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts．For example，on the way home，focus your attention outside of yourself，instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with．Look at the sky，or at the buildings you pass，traveling among them．This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect．To a certain degree，we can understand and control our experience of time passing．It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time．7.According to the writer，we can expand our experience of time by ______ ．A. going to bed on timeB. traveling to new placesC. having dinner as usualD. printing the same materials8.What can we learn from the passage______A. Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information．B. Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly．C. We can take in more information by living through our senses．D. We should build a stronger relationship between time and us．9.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage______A. Slow Down TimeB. Only Time Will TellC. Race Against TimeD. Time Will Not Come TwiceDHow Much Can We Afford to ForgetIn 2018，Science magazine asked some young scientists whatschools should teach students．Most said students should spend lesstime memorizing facts and have more space for creativeactivities．As the Internet grows more powerful，students canaccess （获得）knowledge easily．Why should they be requiredto carry so much of it around in their heads？Civilizations（文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary．In the Agricultural（农业的）Age，a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills．When societies industrialized，the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget．Nowadays，smart machines give us access to most human knowledge．It seems that we no longer need to remember most things．Does it matter？Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen．For one，human beings have biases（偏见），and smart machines are likely to increase our biases．Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective，but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process．In the process，human beings still decide on the correct answers．Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information．When there were no computers，efforts were required to get knowledge from other people，or go to the library．We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books，and what lies in our heads．But today，the Internet gives us the information we need quickly．This can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledgewe found was part of what we knew all along．In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence，we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored．But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily．The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being（健康）depends upon，such as food and energy，would produce terrible results．Without food we get hungry；without energy we feel cold．And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age．We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills．As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks，and can be found when we need them，perhaps they're not really forgotten．Still，as time goes on，we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people．10.Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases？______A. Because they go off course in testing and scoring．B. Because we control the training process on them，C. Because we offer them too much information．D. Because they overuse the provided answers．11.The ease of accessing information from the Internet ______ •A. frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB. prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC. misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledgeD. separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines12.The word "collapse" in Paragraph 5 probably means" ______ "．A. a sudden failureB. the basic ruleC. a disappointing startD. the gradual development13.What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage______A. To question about the standards of information storage．B. To discuss our problems of communication with machines．C. To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability．D. To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember．二、完形填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）Run for Class President Two months ago，when our class election（选举）started，I decided to run for class president．I enjoyedspeaking in public and got along well with people，so I felt it easy towin．But I was (14)that people would feel bad for me if I lost．I was busy preparing in the following week．My plan wasn't to makepromises to do things I couldn't (15) but to show my class why Iwanted to be president．I put up my posters in hallways and in theclassroom．I also spent three hours writing my speech，saying thatI was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem．Since I was (16)prepared，I felt that my chances of winning were strong．However，when I gave my speech on Election Day，the response （反应）wasn't what I had (17)．Few people actually listened．When it was my opponent's （对手的）turn，everyone was screaming his name．His speech was short，but all to the point．By then，I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer．It was obvious who would (18)．For the rest of the day，I felt like it was over．I wanted to just go home and cry，but I made it through．My(19) was right：I didn't win．The next day，people were still talking about the election．I just pretended （假装）not tohear．But later，things got better．People(20)about the election and talked to me just as they did before．I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect．And moments of failure like this build (21) -since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．14. A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. hopeful15. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat16. A. fully B. quickly C. freshly D. physically17. A. feared B. faced C. mentioned D. pictured18. A. insist B. return C. wait D. win19. A. suggestion B. prediction C. direction D. introduction20. A. forgot B. wrote C. cared D. discussed21. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support三、单选题（本大题共12小题，共6.0分）22.Mr． Wang is coming to our school． I can't wait to see ．（）A. herB. himC. itD. them23.We planted some flowers the garden yesterday．（）A. onB. toC. inD. of24.- Excuse me， is this T-shirt？- It's 88 yuan．（）A. how muchB. how manyC. how longD. how old25.- Lily， _____ you finish the letter in ten minutes？- Yes， I can．（）A. mustB. shouldC. needD. can26.This cap is nice， it doesn't look good on me．（）A. forB. soC. butD. or27.Julie takes good care of the family dog． She is than her brother．（）A. patientB. more patientC. most patientD. the most patient28.Sam with his friends every weekend．（）A. skatesB. is skatingC. has skatedD. was skating29.- Tom， what's your dad doing？- He my bike．（）A. repairsB. will repairC. has repairedD. is repairing30.Our school life a lot since 2017． We have more activities now．（）A. changesB. changedC. will changeD. has changed31.If you want to visit the Palace Museum， I tickets for you tomorrow．（）A. will bookB. bookedC. have bookedD. was booking32.My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday．（）A. acceptsB. acceptedC. was acceptedD. is accepted33.- Did you notice in her office？- Yes． She was going over our writing．（）A. what was Miss Lin doingB. what Miss Lin was doingC. what does Miss Lin doD. what Miss Lin does四、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）34.Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than Expected Ice covers much of the ArcticOcean（北冰洋）．Some pieces of ice are huge，like moving islands．As temperatures have increased，however，some of the ice has begun to disappear．Scientists havediscovered huge waves（海浪）in the arctic waters．The waves were discovered by accident in May，2010．Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip．They wanted to study the icy waters．On May 2，the ship traveled east and stopped next to a large chunk of ice．around 50 miles from the small island of Hopen．Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the Ice"We were ready to go but when I went out，I discovered many cracks（裂缝）around，" he remembers．He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe．The farther in they went，he thought，the harder the ice would become．As they pushed forward，however，the ship experienced small waves，and then bigger ones．Soon，the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces．Within an hour，Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high．The ship's navigation（航行）system finally recorded the largest waves．They were more than20 feet in height．The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump upand down，breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour．Scientists had never imagined that the process could happen so fast．The waves in these areas used to be small．The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advancewhen they are coming．That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them．Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger．Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in these icy waters．Aswaves break up ice，the seas will become more open，and the waves will get evenstronger．There are stormy times ahead．When did Marchenko and his students discover huge waves in the arcticwaters？______ Why did Marchenko and his students set out on the trip______What did Marchenko decide to do to keep safe______How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system？______What is Paragraph 7 mainly about______五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）35.假如你是李华，你们学校正在开展"安全月"宣传活动，倡议大家制作关于安全教育的主题海报，你们班交换生Peter给你发邮件询问相关事情．请用英语回复一封邮件，告诉他海报上交的时间，并分享你设计海报的一些想法．提示词语： design，safety rule，careful，protect，picture提示问题： When should you hand in the poster？What would you like to share with Peter about designing the posterDear Peter，I'm glad to receive your email．_________．If there is anything more that I can help with， please let me know．Yours，Li Hua36.自律，即自我约束，是自我提升的一种途径，有助于我们成长，促使我们不断前行．某英文网站正在开展以"自律"为主题的征文活动．假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈为了增强自律意识，你做过什么，以及这样做给你带来的好处．提示词语： self-disciplined（自律的），plan，goal，habit，improve提示问题：•What did you do to be self-disciplined？•What benefits have you got from doing so？Self-discipline plays an important role in our life _________．答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】D【解析】1．A．细节理解题．根据I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital我甚至参观了一家著名的中医医院，结合表格内容，可知是Mike参观了一家著名的中医医院，故选A．2．C．细节理解题．根据I stayed with my host family for five months我和我的寄宿家庭呆了五个月，可知是5个月，故选C．3．D．细节理解题．根据My host sister is a really hardworking student，可知她认为寄宿家庭的姐姐是一个非常用功的学生，故选D．文章主要讲了3个外国学生在中国的学习经历．首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．4.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】D【解析】1．B 细节理解题．线索句为：This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race．意为"今年春天她打算做一个卡丁车参加卡丁车赛．"结合句意可知，Sally做卡丁车的目的，就是为了参加比赛，故选：B．2．A 细节理解题．线索句为：Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue．Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．意为"在三个多星期的艰苦工作之后，Sally把她的设计变成了一辆真正的、能够运转的卡丁车，并且把它涂成了浅蓝色．父亲叫她带它做第一次试驾．"，结合句意可知，在她做完了卡丁车之后，她的父亲叫她测试驾驶，故选：A．3．D 主旨大意题．线索句为：Good．Sometimes，learning happens during the process．意为"很好，有时候，在作事的过程中，我们就会学到东西．"结合句意可知，学习发生在作事的过程之中，故选：D．这篇文章，通过Sally制作卡丁车的小故事，告诉我们凡事要去动手做，在做的过程中，我们一定会有所收获．面对此类试题，要擅长从文中找出解答的线索，同时，要掌握全文大意，结合文意进行作答．7.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A【解析】（1）B 细节理解题．根据Firstly，since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster，we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible．We can give ourselves new challenges，meet new people，and expose our minds to new information，hobbies and skills，首先，因为我们知道熟悉会让时间过得更快，所以我们可以让自己接触尽可能多的新体验．我们可以给自己新的挑战，认识新的人，让我们的头脑接触新的信息、爱好和技能，可知要拓宽对时间的体验可以去接触新事物，比如去新的地方旅游，故选B．（2）C．细节理解题．根据This means living through our senses rather than through ourthoughts．For example，on the way home，focus your attention outside of yourself，instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with．Look at the sky，or at the buildings you pass，traveling among them．This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect这意味着通过我们的感官而不是思想生活．例如，在回家的路上，把你的注意力集中在你自己之外，而不是思考你必须处理的问题．看看天空，或者你路过的建筑，在它们中间穿行．这种对你的经历的开放态度有助于吸收更多的信息，也有一种时间扩张的效果，可知通过感官，我们可以吸收更多的信息，故选C．（3）A．主旨大意题．根据How can we slow down time？Here are two suggestions我们怎样才能放慢时间？这里有两个建议，结合文章内容，文章介绍了心理学研究发现熟悉的事物会让时间过得很快，并讲了如何放慢时间，故选A．文章介绍了心理学研究发现熟悉的事物会让时间过得很快，并讲了如何放慢时间．首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．10.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A 【小题4】D【解析】1．B 内容理解题．根据第三段 smart machines are likely to increase our biases． Many people believe smart machines a re necessarily correct and objective，but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process．In the process， hu man beings still decide on the correct answers智能机器可能会增加我们的偏见．许多人认为智能机器必然是正确和客观的，但是机器是通过反复的测试和评分过程来训练的．在这个过程中，人类仍然决定正确的答案，可知因为是技术人员操纵着智能机器，故选B．2．C 内容理解题．根据第四段 But today， the Internet gives us the information we need quickly． This can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along但是今天，互联网迅速给了我们我们需要的信息．这可能导致错误的信念--我们发现的知识是我们一直以来所知道的知识的一部分，可知会导致人们错误的认为自己已经知道了知识，故选C．3．A 内容理解题．根据 such as food and energy， would produce terrible results． Without food we get hungry ； without energy we feel cold．And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizatio ns are at risk of falling into a dark age比如食物和能源，会产生可怕的结果．没有食物，我们会挨饿；没有能量，我们会感到寒冷．正是由于记忆的广泛丧失，文明有陷入黑暗时代的危险，可知上文讲的是我们的健康依赖的任何关系网络的崩溃，collapse意思是坍塌、崩溃，与A突然的失败，意思相近，故选A．4．D 主旨大意题．根据 Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen． For one，human beings have biases，and smart machines are likely to increase our biases研究人员已经认识到可能发生的几个问题．首先，人类有偏见，智能机器可能会增加我们的偏见和Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information另一个问题与获取信息的便利性有关，联系文章内容，文章主要讲了科技的发展，人们越来越依赖科技，但这也带来了许多的不利之处，可知是告诉我们不要太依赖智能机器，故选D．文章主要讲了科技的发展，人们越来越依赖科技，但这也带来了许多的不利之处．首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．14.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A 【小题4】D 【小题5】D 【小题6】B 【小题7】A 【小题8】C【解析】（1）B考查形容词．bored无聊的；afraid害怕的；excited兴奋的；hopeful有希望的．根据下文"that people would feel bad for me if I lost"因此可知这句话的意思是"但是我又害怕如果我落选的话，人们会为我感到难过．"故选B．（2）C考查动词．compare比较；remember记住；manage设法做到；repeat重复．根据"My plan wasn't to make promises to do things I couldn't （2）_____but to show my class why I wanted to be president．" 通过分析句子结构可知这句话的意思是"我的计划不是许诺我设法做到什么事情而只是向同学们表面我想当班长．"故选C．（3）A考查副词．fully满满地；quickly快地；freshly新鲜地；physically身体上地．根据上文"I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom． I also spent three hours writing my s peech， saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem．"因此可知这句话的意思是"既然我做了充分地准备，我觉得我获胜的机会更大了．"故选A．（4）D考查动词．feared害怕；faced面对；mentioned提及；pictured想象．根据"I felt that my chances of winning were strong．"以及"the response （反应） wasn't "因此可知这句话的意思是"然而，在竞选的那天我演讲的时候，反应并不是我想象的那样．"故选D．（5）D考查动词．insist坚持；return返回；wait等待；win获胜．根据下文" I wanted to just go home and cry"因此可知这句话的意思是"谁会获胜是很明显的．"故选D．（6）B考查名词．suggestion建议；prediction预测；direction方向；introduction介绍．根据空格后面的词语是was right： I didn't win．因此可知这句话的意思是"我的预测是正确的：我没有获胜．"（7）A考查动词．forgot忘记；wrote写；cared关心；discussed讨论．根据上文" But later， things got better．"以及"talked to me just as they did before"因此可知这句话的意思是"人们忘记了选举的时期，和我说话和以前一样了．"故选A．（8）C考查名词．trust信任；pride自豪；character性格；support支持．根据"I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．"因此可知这句话的意思是"失败的时刻就像性格的养成一样，自从那以后，我就学会了如何面对失望和变得更强大．"故选C．我信心满满的参与竞选班长，准备很长时间，准备的很充分．在竞选的那一天，同学们对我不是欢迎．结果我落选了．我从中受益良多．首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，从中找出最符合短文的选项，就可以确定正确答案．22.【答案】B【解析】根据I can't wait to see 可知用宾格作see的宾语，Mr． Wang 指男性单数，用him代替，句意：王先生要来我们学校．我等不及要见他．故选：B．王先生要来我们学校．我等不及要见他．解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答23.【答案】C【解析】on"在…之上、在…时候"；in"在…之内"；of"…的、由…组成的"；to"朝、到、对于"，四者都是介词．on用于具体的时间．由题干"昨天我们在花园里种了一些花．"可知，空格是"在…之内"，用in，因此答案应是in．故选：C．昨天我们在花园里种了一些花．本题考查时间介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答．24.【答案】A【解析】考查数量．A．how much提问不可数名词，价格等；B．how many提问可数名词复数；C．how long多久，提问时间段；D．how old多大，提问年龄．根据It's 88 yuan．可知问的是价格，应说这件t恤多少钱？故选：A．打扰一下，这件t恤多少钱？- 88元．仔细分析句子的结构，根据It's 88 yuan．结合选项作答．25.【答案】D【解析】根据回答Yes， I can可知疑问句以can开头，句意：莉莉，你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？故选：D．--莉莉，你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？--是的，我能．情态动词的考查是初中英语考查的重点，平时学习中一定要熟记这些词的基本词义及用法上的不同，注意其用法及在句子中表达语气的不同．考试中结合语境选择合适答案．26.【答案】C【解析】A表示为了，B表示所以，C表示但是，D表示或者、否则．根据题干可知这个帽子很好看，但是我戴上不好看，句子前后是转折关系．故选：C．这个帽子很好看，但是我戴上不好看．本题考查连词辨析，基础题，熟悉所给连词的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择．27.【答案】B【解析】根据句意：朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好．她比她的弟弟更有耐心．than是比较级的标志．选项B符合题意．故选：B．朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好．她比她的弟弟更有耐心．熟悉形容词比较级和最高级的用法，结合题意，给出答案．28.【答案】A【解析】根据句意：Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰．可知时态是一般现在时，主语Sam用动词三单式．故选：A．Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰．熟悉实义动词三单式用法，结合题意，给出答案．29.【答案】D【解析】根据问句what's your dad doing？可知答句用现在进行时，be（am，is，are）+现在分词，句意：他在修自行车．故选：D．--汤姆，你爸爸在干什么？--他在修自行车．解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答30.【答案】D【解析】根据句意"自2007年以来，我们的学校生活发生了很大变化．我们现在有更多的活动"和since 2017可知，要用现在完成时，其构成为have/ has done．故选：D．自2007年以来，我们的学校生活发生了很大变化．我们现在有更多的活动，考查现在完成时，要牢记现在完成时的构成及用法．31.【答案】A【解析】根据句意"如果你想去故宫博物院，我明天就给你订票"和时间状语tomorrow 可知，主句要用一般将来时，条件状语从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，选项BCD 都不符合语法．故选：A．如果你想去故宫博物院，我明天就给你订票．考查主从复合句，要根据句意或提示词，判断时态，选用合适的引导词．32.【答案】C【解析】主语my advice与动词accept是被动关系，根据last Monday用一般过去时的被动语态，was/were +过去分词，句意：我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了．故选：C．我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了．解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答33.【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句．宾语从句中，从句通常用陈述语序，排除AC．从She was going over our writing．判断句子使用过去进行时，构成were/was+Ving．故选：B．--你注意到林小姐在办公室里干什么了吗？--是的．她正在看我们的作品．此题考查宾语从句，在熟知宾语从句法的基础上，结合具体题目，仔细分析，便可得出正确答案．34.【答案】【小题1】In May，2010．【小题2】Because they wanted to study the icy waters．【小题3】He moved the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe．【小题4】More than 20 feet．【小题5】The dangers of the huge waves to people and wildlife in Arctic．【解析】1．In May，2010．细节理解题．根据文中"The waves were discovered by accident in May，2010"可知，海浪于2010年在被偶然发现．故答案是：In May，2010．2．Because they wanted to study the icy waters．细节理解题．根据文中"They wanted to study the icy waters"可知，他们想研究冰冷的水体．故答案是：Because they wanted to study the icy waters．3．He moved the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe．细节理解题．根据文中"He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe"可知，他决定把船开到冰的更深处，以便保持安全．故答案是：He moved the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe．4．More than 20 feet．细节理解题．根据文中"They were more than 20 feet in height"可知，它们有20英尺高．故答案是：more than 20 feet．5． The dangers of the huge waves to people and wildlife in Arctic．细节理解题．根据文中"That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them"和"Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger"可知，这对海员和当地社区是危险的．靠海冰生活的野生动物（比如北极熊和海象）面临危险，故知本段说的是巨浪对人和北极地区的野生动物的危害性．故答案是：The dangers of the huge waves to people and wildlife in Arctic．本文说的是北极冰块巨浪的危险性．文章介绍了这种巨浪的发现时间和发现过程及其对人和野生动物的危害性．首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案．35.【答案】Dear Peter，I'm glad to receive your email．As it is required，you are supposed to hand in the poster before next Friday．（海报上交的时间）Being your close friend，I am extremely willing to share some ideas about designing the poster with you．First ，the basic safety rules are of great importance，which should be included in your poster．【高分句型一】Second，following the safety rules is so meaningful and crucial that you had better remind your readers of its importance and advise them to be careful both in and out of school．Third，adding a few suggestions about safety awareness is necessary． In addition，it is a good idea for you to draw a few pictures on your poster so as to make it more lively and acceptable．【高分句型二】（设计海报的一些想法）If there is anything more that I can help with， please let me know．Yours，Li Hua【解析】高分句型一：First ，the basic safety rules are of great importance，which should be included in your poster．首先，基本安全规则非常重要，这应该包括在你的海报里．be of great importance非常重要，which should be included in your poster．非限制性定语从句高分句型二：In addition，it is a good idea for you to draw a few pictures on your poster so as to make it more lively and acceptable．另外，为了使之更生动、更可接受，在海报上画几张图片也是好想法．so as to 目的是，为了，make it +adj，make it more lively and acceptable使之更生动、更可接受在解答写作这类试题时，要根据短文的中心思想考虑如何开头、展开和结尾，设想几个承上启下的连词，将主要句型、关键词语草草记下，形成提纲，写时切忌结构分散，废话连篇，严重跑题．。

2019年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英语试卷知识运用(共14分)一、单项填空(共6分，每小题0.5分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can’t wait to see .A. herB. himC. itD. them【解析】Mr. Wang表示“王先生”，指男性，故用him。

【答案】B2. We planted some flowers the garden yesterday.A. onB. toC. inD. of【解析】指在花园里，介词用in。

【答案】C3. — Excuse me, is this T-shirt?— It’s 88 yuan.A. how muchB. how manyC. how longD. how old【解析】：由答句可知，问句问的是价钱，故用how much。

how many询问数量，修饰可数名词复数；how long询问长度；how old询问年龄。

【答案】A4. — Lily, _____ you finish the letter in ten minutes?— Yes, I can.A. mustB. shouldC. needD. can【解析】由答句中的“I can”可知，此处是问你能在10分钟之内完成这封信吗，故用can。

【答案】D5. This cap is nice, it doesn’t look good on me.A. forB. soC. butD. or【解析】句意：这个帽子很漂亮，但我戴着它不好看。

空格前后内容之间存在转折关系，故用but。

【答案】C6. Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is than her brother.A. patientB. more patientC. most patientD. the most patient 【解析】由句子中的“than her brother”可推知，此处要用patient比较级。

2019届北京市丰台区中考一模英语试卷【含答案及解析】姓名___________ 班级____________ 分数__________一、单项填空1. Miss Green is my favorite teacher. _____ is kind and outgoing.A. He _________________________________B. HisC. She ______________________________D. Her2. We usually haveSportsClubafter school _____ Mondays.A. in ____________________________B. atC. of_________________________________________D. On3. Hurry up, _____we will miss the school bus.A. but _________________________________B. orC. and _________________________________D. so4. — ____ do you go to the library?— Once a week.A. How often___________________B. How farC. How much____________________________D. How long5. The air in these months is much ________ than the air last winter.A. good _________________________________B. wellC. better ____________________________D. the best6. — Linda, ______ you make a model plane?—Yes, Ican.A． A.may ____________________________ B．canC．need _________________________________ D．must7. Be quiet!The students____ a rest in the classroom now.A. have___________________________________B. HavehadC. hadD. are having8. We ________ in our middle school for about 3 years.A. study _________________________________B. studiedC. have studied ___________D. will study9. Spoken English test for students ______ in 2018.A. hold _________________________________B. holdsC. were held____________________D. will be held10. —Can you tell me ______?—Last month.A. when theycame ______________B. when did theycomeC. whentheywill comeD. when will theycome二、完形填空11. 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

2019年北京市中考英语试题及参考答案与解析（满分60分，考试时间90分钟）知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项．1．Mr．Wang is coming to our school．I can't wait to see ．（）A．her B．him C．it D．them2．We planted some flowers the garden yesterday．（）A．on B．to C．in D．of3．- Excuse me，is this T-shirt？- It's 88 yuan．（）A．how much B．how many C．how long D．how old4．- Lily，you finish the letter in ten minutes？- Yes，I can．（）A．must B．should C．need D．can5．This cap is nice，it doesn't look good on me．（）A．for B．so C．but D．or6．Julie takes good care of the family dog．She is than her brother．（）A．patient B．more patient C．most patient D．the most patient7．Sam with his friends every weekend．（）A．skates B．is skating C．has skated D．was skating8．- Tom，what's your dad doing？- He my bike．（）A．repairs B．will repair C．has repaired D．is repairing9．Our school life a lot since 2017．We have more activities now．（）A．changes B．changed C．will change D．has changed10．If you want to visit the Palace Museum，I tickets for you tomorrow．（）A．will book B．booked C．have booked D．was booking11．My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday．（）A．accepts B．accepted C．was accepted D．is accepted12．- Did you notice in her office？- Yes．She was going over our writing．（）A．what was Miss Lin doing B．what Miss Lin was doingC．what does Miss Lin do D．what Miss Lin does二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项．Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago，when our class election（选举）started，I decided to run forclass president．I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people，so Ifelt it easy to win．But I was 13 that people would feel bad for me if I lost．I was busy preparing in the following week．My plan wasn't to make promisesto do things I couldn't 14 but to show my class why I wanted to bepresident．I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom．I also spent threehours writing my speech，saying that I was the one they could turn to wheneverthey had a problem．Since I was 15 prepared，I felt that my chances of winning were strong．However，when I gave my speech on Election Day，the response （反应）wasn't what I had 16 ．Few people actually listened．When it was my opponent's （对手的）turn，everyone was screaming his name．His speech was short，but all to the point．By then，I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer．It was obvious who would 17 ．For the rest of the day，I felt like it was over．I wanted to just go home and cry，but I made it through．My 18 was right：I didn't win．The next day，people were still talking about the election．I just pretended （假装）not to hear．But later，things got better．People 19 about the election and talked to me just as they did before．I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect．And moments of failure like this build 20 -since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．13．A．bored B．afraid C．excited D．hopeful14．A．compare B．remember C．manage D．repeat15．A．fully B．quickly C．freshly D．physically16．A．feared B．faced C．mentioned D．pictured17．A．insist B．return C．wait D．win18．A．suggestion B．prediction C．direction D．introduction19．A．forgot B．wrote C．cared D．discussed20．A．trust B．pride C．character D．support阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．（共26分，每小题2分）AExperiencing ChinaMike，CanadaI spent three months with my host family（接待家庭）in China．It was a lifetime experience．I was able to experience Chinese living and culture，from basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera．I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital．Now I have a better understanding of Chinese culture．Joanna，AustraliaI stayed with my host family for five months．My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted．With her help，my Chinese has improved a lot．And I have got used to a new culture．My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with her．Bill，AmericaMy host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes．They are tasty and I like them very much．Just like me，my host parents love to learn about different cultures．They often ask me questions about life in America．Cindy，GermanyRecently I took part in a program to study Chinese．I lived with a host family in China for six months．My host sister is a really hardworking student．It was amazing to see how she made progress in English．And a close relationship has developed between us．21．Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital？（）A．Mike．B．Joanna．C．Bill．D．Cindy．22．How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China？（）A．Three months．B．Four months．C．Five months．D．Six months．23．Cindy thinks her host sister is ．（）A．a wonderful cook B．a responsible doctorC．a warm-hearted teacher D．a hardworking studentBBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else．This spring she thought ofbuilding a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race．So she asked her dad forhelp．"Well，" he said．"How about this：you do some research first andthen come back to me with a design．"A week later，Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad．She named her go-kart "Blue Lightning"．Dad looked over her work，thinking．"Well，that's interesting，" he said．"Have a try．Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed．"Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue．Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．Sally agreed．After she did that，Sally drove back to Dad．"Well，" she said．"Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive．""Oh，do you？" he said．"Please share．""When I drove fast，there was a lot of push back，" she said．"I think it's because of the lightning bolt （闪电）shape．""Very good!" Dad said．"So，why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place？" Sally asked．Dad laughed．"Where's the fun in that？If you give a man a fish，he'll eat for a day．But if you teach a man to fish，he'll eat for a lifetime．"Sally said，"I see．Anyway，designing is half the fun !"Dad smiled．"Good．Sometimes，learning happens during the process．We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way．"That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder．When she showed Dad her new go-kart，he nodded with pride．Finally came the race．Sally wasn't worried about whether she would win-in her mind，she had already won，by building something better than ever before．24．Sally thought of building a go-kart to ．（）A．practice driving B．enter for a race C．play with friends D．do some research 25．What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart？（）A．To have a test drive．B．To take a good rest．C．To give it a cool name．D．To paint it light blue．26．Sally's story mainly tells us that ．（）A．winning a race is important B．fishing brings us a lot of funC．driving experience is necessary D．learning happens during the processCSometimes it seems that time is flying．Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way．Our experience of time can be possibly changed．By understanding the psychological （心理学的）processes behind our different experiences of time，we might be able to slow down time a little．One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed（接触）to new environments and experiences．The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process．The more information our minds take in，the slower time seems to pass．It follows，then，that we have different experiences of time in different situations．In some situations，our life is full of new experiences．Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down．In other situations，we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar （熟悉的）．We become insensitive to our experience，which means we process less information，and time seems to speed up．How can we slow down time？Here are two suggestions．Firstly，since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster，we can expose ourselves to as manynew experiences as possible．We can give ourselves new challenges，meet new people，and expose our minds to new information，hobbies and skills．This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增加）our experience of time．Secondly，and perhaps most effectively，we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing，feeling，tasting，smelling or hearing．This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts．For example，on the way home，focus your attention outside of yourself，instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with．Look at the sky，or at the buildings you pass，traveling among them．This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect．To a certain degree，we can understand and control our experience of time passing．It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time．27．According to the writer，we can expand our experience of time by ．（）A．going to bed on time B．traveling to new placesC．having dinner as usual D．printing the same materials28．What can we learn from the passage？（）A．Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information．B．Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly．C．We can take in more information by living through our senses．D．We should build a stronger relationship between time and us．29．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？（）A．Slow Down Time B．Only Time Will TellC．Race Against Time D．Time Will Not Come TwiceDHow Much Can We Afford to Forget？In 2018，Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools shouldteach students．Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts andhave more space for creative activities．As the Internet grows more powerful，students can access （获得）knowledge easily．Why should they be required tocarry so much of it around in their heads？Civilizations（文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary．In the Agricultural （农业的）Age，a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills．When societies industrialized，the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget．Nowadays，smart machines give us access to most human knowledge．It seems that we no longer need to remember most things．Does it matter？Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen．For one，human beings have biases （偏见），and smart machines are likely to increase our biases．Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective，but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process．In the process，human beings still decide on the correct answers．Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information．When there were no computers，efforts were required to get knowledge from other people，or go to the library．We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books，and what lies in our heads．But today，the Internet gives us the information we need quickly．This can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along．In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence，we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored．But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily．The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being（健康）depends upon，such as food and energy，would produce terrible results．Without food we get hungry；without energy we feel cold．And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age．We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills．As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks，and can be found when we need them，perhaps they're not really forgotten．Still，as time goes on，we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people．30．Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases？（）A．Because they go off course in testing and scoring．B．Because we control the training process on them，C．Because we offer them too much information．D．Because they overuse the provided answers．31．The ease of accessing information from the Internet ．（）A．frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB．prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC．misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledgeD．separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines32．The word "collapse" in Paragraph 5 probably means “”．（）A．a sudden failure B．the basic rule C．a disappointing start D．the gradual development 33．What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？A．To question about the standards of information storage．B．To discuss our problems of communication with machines．C．To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability．D．To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember．四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题．（共10分，每小题2分）Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than ExpectedIce covers much of the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋）．Some pieces of ice are huge，like moving islands．As temperatures have increased，however，some of the ice has begun to disappear．Scientists have discovered huge waves（海浪）in the arctic waters．The waves were discovered by accident in May，2010．Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip．They wanted to study the icy waters．On May 2，the ship traveled east and stopped next to a largechunk of ice．around 50 miles from the small island of Hopen．Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the Ice"We were ready to go but when I went out，I discovered many cracks（裂缝）around，" he remembers．He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe．The farther in they went，he thought，the harder the ice would become．As they pushed forward，however，the ship experienced small waves，and then bigger ones．Soon，the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces．Within an hour，Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high．The ship's navigation（航行）system finally recorded the largest waves．They were more than 20 feet in height．The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down，breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour．Scientists had never imagined that the process could happen so fast．The waves in these areas used to be small．The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advance when they are coming．That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them．Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger．Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in these icy waters．As waves break up ice，the seas will become more open，and the waves will get even stronger．There are stormy times ahead．34．When did Marchenko and his students discover huge waves in the arcticwaters？35．Why did Marchenko and his students set out on the trip？（）36．What did Marchenko decide to do to keep safe？（）37．How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system？（）38．What is Paragraph 7 mainly about？（）书面表达（共10分）五、文段表达（10分）39．从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作．文中已给出内容不计入总词数．所给提示词语仅供选用．请不要写出你的校名和姓名．题目①假如你是李华，你们学校正在开展"安全月"宣传活动，倡议大家制作关于安全教育的主题海报，你们班交换生Peter给你发邮件询问相关事情．请用英语回复一封邮件，告诉他海报上交的时间，并分享你设计海报的一些想法．提示词语：design，safety rule，careful，protect，picture提示问题：●When should you hand in the poster？●What would you like to share with Peter about designing the poster？题目②自律，即自我约束，是自我提升的一种途径，有助于我们成长，促使我们不断前行．某英文网站正在开展以"自律"为主题的征文活动．假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈为了增强自律意识，你做过什么，以及这样做给你带来的好处．提示词语：self-disciplined（自律的），plan，goal，habit，improve提示问题：●What did you do to be self-disciplined？●What benefits have you got from doing so？参考答案与解析知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项．1．Mr．Wang is coming to our school．I can't wait to see ．（）A．her B．him C．it D．them【知识考点】人称代词．【思路分析】王先生要来我们学校．我等不及要见他．【解答过程】根据I can't wait to see 可知用宾格作see的宾语，Mr．Wang 指男性单数，用him代替，句意：王先生要来我们学校．我等不及要见他．故选：B．【总结归纳】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答2．We planted some flowers the garden yesterday．（）A．on B．to C．in D．of【知识考点】方位介词．【思路分析】昨天我们在花园里种了一些花．【解答过程】on"在…之上、在…时候"；in"在…之内"；of"…的、由…组成的"；to"朝、到、对于"，四者都是介词．on用于具体的时间．由题干"昨天我们在花园里种了一些花．"可知，空格是"在…之内"，用in，因此答案应是in．故选：C．【总结归纳】本题考查时间介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答．3．- Excuse me，is this T-shirt？- It's 88 yuan．（）A．how much B．how many C．how long D．how old【知识考点】数量（how many/how much）．【思路分析】打扰一下，这件t恤多少钱？- 88元．【解答过程】考查数量．A．how much提问不可数名词，价格等；B．how many提问可数名词复数；C．how long多久，提问时间段；D．how old多大，提问年龄．根据It's 88 yuan．可知问的是价格，应说这件t恤多少钱？故选：A．【总结归纳】仔细分析句子的结构，根据It's 88 yuan．结合选项作答．4．- Lily，you finish the letter in ten minutes？- Yes，I can．（）A．must B．should C．need D．can【知识考点】情态动词．【思路分析】--莉莉，你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？--是的，我能．【解答过程】根据回答Yes，I can可知疑问句以can开头，句意：莉莉，你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？故选：D．【总结归纳】情态动词的考查是初中英语考查的重点，平时学习中一定要熟记这些词的基本词义及用法上的不同，注意其用法及在句子中表达语气的不同．考试中结合语境选择合适答案．5．This cap is nice，it doesn't look good on me．（）A．for B．so C．but D．or【知识考点】连词辨析．【思路分析】这个帽子很好看，但是我戴上不好看．【解答过程】A表示为了，B表示所以，C表示但是，D表示或者、否则．根据题干可知这个帽子很好看，但是我戴上不好看，句子前后是转折关系．故选：C．【总结归纳】本题考查连词辨析，基础题，熟悉所给连词的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择．6．Julie takes good care of the family dog．She is than her brother．（）A．patient B．more patient C．most patient D．the most patient【知识考点】形容词的比较级和最高级．【思路分析】朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好．她比她的弟弟更有耐心．【解答过程】根据句意：朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好．她比她的弟弟更有耐心．than是比较级的标志．选项B符合题意．故选：B．【总结归纳】熟悉形容词比较级和最高级的用法，结合题意，给出答案．7．Sam with his friends every weekend．（）A．skates B．is skating C．has skated D．was skating【知识考点】实义动词的单数第三人称形式．【思路分析】Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰．【解答过程】根据句意：Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰．可知时态是一般现在时，主语Sam用动词三单式．故选：A．【总结归纳】熟悉实义动词三单式用法，结合题意，给出答案8．- Tom，what's your dad doing？- He my bike．（）A．repairs B．will repair C．has repaired D．is repairing【知识考点】现在进行时．【思路分析】--汤姆，你爸爸在干什么？--他在修自行车．【解答过程】根据问句what's your dad doing？可知答句用现在进行时，be（am，is，are）+现在分词，句意：他在修自行车．故选：D．【总结归纳】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答9．Our school life a lot since 2017．We have more activities now．（）A．changes B．changed C．will change D．has changed【知识考点】现在完成时．【思路分析】自2007年以来，我们的学校生活发生了很大变化．我们现在有更多的活动，【解答过程】根据句意"自2007年以来，我们的学校生活发生了很大变化．我们现在有更多的活动"和since 2017可知，要用现在完成时，其构成为have/ has done．故选：D．【总结归纳】考查现在完成时，要牢记现在完成时的构成及用法．10．If you want to visit the Palace Museum，I tickets for you tomorrow．（）A．will book B．booked C．have booked D．was booking【知识考点】主从复合句．【思路分析】如果你想去故宫博物院，我明天就给你订票．【解答过程】根据句意"如果你想去故宫博物院，我明天就给你订票"和时间状语tomorrow可知，主句要用一般将来时，条件状语从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，选项BCD都不符合语法．故选：A．【总结归纳】考查主从复合句，要根据句意或提示词，判断时态，选用合适的引导词．11．My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday．（）A．accepts B．accepted C．was accepted D．is accepted【知识考点】一般过去时的被动语态．【思路分析】我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了．【解答过程】主语my advice与动词accept是被动关系，根据last Monday用一般过去时的被动语态，was/were +过去分词，句意：我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了．故选：C．【总结归纳】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答12．- Did you notice in her office？- Yes．She was going over our writing．（）A．what was Miss Lin doing B．what Miss Lin was doingC．what does Miss Lin do D．what Miss Lin does【知识考点】宾语从句．【思路分析】--你注意到林小姐在办公室里干什么了吗？--是的．她正在看我们的作品．【解答过程】考查宾语从句．宾语从句中，从句通常用陈述语序，排除AC．从She was going over our writing．判断句子使用过去进行时，构成were/was+Ving．故选：B．【总结归纳】此题考查宾语从句，在熟知宾语从句法的基础上，结合具体题目，仔细分析，便可得出正确答案．二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项．Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago，when our class election（选举）started，I decided to run forclass president．I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people，so Ifelt it easy to win．But I was 13 that people would feel bad for me if I lost．I was busy preparing in the following week．My plan wasn't to make promisesto do things I couldn't 14 but to show my class why I wanted to bepresident．I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom．I also spent threehours writing my speech，saying that I was the one they could turn to wheneverthey had a problem．Since I was 15 prepared，I felt that my chances of winning were strong．However，when I gave my speech on Election Day，the response （反应）wasn't what I had16 ．Few people actually listened．When it was my opponent's （对手的）turn，everyone was screaming his name．His speech was short，but all to the point．By then，I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer．It was obvious who would 17 ．For the rest of the day，I felt like it was over．I wanted to just go home and cry，but I made it through．My 18 was right：I didn't win．The next day，people were still talking about the election．I just pretended （假装）not to hear．But later，things got better．People 19 about the election and talked to me just as they did before．I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect．And moments of failure like this build 20 -since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．13．A．bored B．afraid C．excited D．hopeful14．A．compare B．remember C．manage D．repeat15．A．fully B．quickly C．freshly D．physically16．A．feared B．faced C．mentioned D．pictured17．A．insist B．return C．wait D．win18．A．suggestion B．prediction C．direction D．introduction19．A．forgot B．wrote C．cared D．discussed20．A．trust B．pride C．character D．support【知识考点】记叙文．【思路分析】我信心满满的参与竞选班长，准备很长时间，准备的很充分．在竞选的那一天，同学们对我不是欢迎．结果我落选了．我从中受益良多．【解答过程】13．B考查形容词．bored无聊的；afraid害怕的；excited兴奋的；hopeful有希望的．根据下文"that people would feel bad for me if I lost"因此可知这句话的意思是"但是我又害怕如果我落选的话，人们会为我感到难过．"故选B．14．C考查动词．compare比较；remember记住；manage设法做到；repeat重复．根据"My plan wasn't to make promises to do things I couldn't （14）_____but to show my class why I wanted to be president．" 通过分析句子结构可知这句话的意思是"我的计划不是许诺我设法做到什么事情而只是向同学们表面我想当班长．"故选C．15．A考查副词．fully满满地；quickly快地；freshly新鲜地；physically身体上地．根据上文"I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom．I also spent three hours writing my speech，saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem．"因此可知这句话的意思是"既然我做了充分地准备，我觉得我获胜的机会更大了．"故选A．16．D考查动词．feared害怕；faced面对；mentioned提及；pictured想象．根据"I felt that my chances of winning were strong．"以及"the response （反应）wasn't "因此可知这句话的意思是"然而，在竞选的那天我演讲的时候，反应并不是我想象的那样．"故选D．17．D考查动词．insist坚持；return返回；wait等待；win获胜．根据下文" I wanted to just go homeand cry"因此可知这句话的意思是"谁会获胜是很明显的．"故选D．18．B考查名词．suggestion建议；prediction预测；direction方向；introduction介绍．根据空格后面的词语是was right：I didn't win．因此可知这句话的意思是"我的预测是正确的：我没有获胜．" 19．A考查动词．forgot忘记；wrote写；cared关心；discussed讨论．根据上文" But later，things got better．"以及"talked to me just as they did before"因此可知这句话的意思是"人们忘记了选举的时期，和我说话和以前一样了．"故选A．20．C考查名词．trust信任；pride自豪；character性格；support支持．根据"I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．"因此可知这句话的意思是"失败的时刻就像性格的养成一样，自从那以后，我就学会了如何面对失望和变得更强大．"故选C．【总结归纳】首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，从中找出最符合短文的选项，就可以确定正确答案．阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．（共26分，每小题2分）AExperiencing China21．Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital？（）A．Mike．B．Joanna．C．Bill．D．Cindy．22．How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China？（）A．Three months．B．Four months．C．Five months．D．Six months．23．Cindy thinks her host sister is ．（）A．a wonderful cook B．a responsible doctorC．a warm-hearted teacher D．a hardworking student【知识考点】人物故事类阅读．【思路分析】文章主要讲了3个外国学生在中国的学习经历．【解答过程】21．A．细节理解题．根据I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital 我甚至参观了一家著名的中医医院，结合表格内容，可知是Mike参观了一家著名的中医医院，故选A．22．C．细节理解题．根据I stayed with my host family for five months我和我的寄宿家庭呆了五个月，可知是5个月，故选C．23．D．细节理解题．根据My host sister is a really hardworking student，可知她认为寄宿家庭的姐姐是一个非常用功的学生，故选D．【总结归纳】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．BBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else．This spring she thought ofbuilding a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race．So she asked her dad forhelp．"Well，" he said．"How about this：you do some research first andthen come back to me with a design．"A week later，Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad．She named her go-kart "Blue Lightning"．Dad looked over her work，thinking．"Well，that's interesting，" he said．"Have a try．Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed．"Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue．Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．Sally agreed．After she did that，Sally drove back to Dad．"Well，" she said．"Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive．""Oh，do you？" he said．"Please share．""When I drove fast，there was a lot of push back，" she said．"I think it's because of the lightning bolt （闪电）shape．""Very good!" Dad said．"So，why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place？" Sally asked．Dad laughed．"Where's the fun in that？If you give a man a fish，he'll eat for a day．But if you teach a man to fish，he'll eat for a lifetime．"Sally said，"I see．Anyway，designing is half the fun !"Dad smiled．"Good．Sometimes，learning happens during the process．We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way．"That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder．When she showed Dad her new go-kart，he nodded with pride．Finally came the race．Sally wasn't worried about whether she would win-in her mind，she had already won，by building something better than ever before．24．Sally thought of building a go-kart to ．（）A．practice driving B．enter for a race C．play with friends D．do some research 25．What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart？（）A．To have a test drive．B．To take a good rest．C．To give it a cool name．D．To paint it light blue．26．Sally's story mainly tells us that ．（）A．winning a race is important B．fishing brings us a lot of funC．driving experience is necessary D．learning happens during the process【知识考点】人物故事类阅读．【思路分析】这篇文章，通过Sally制作卡丁车的小故事，告诉我们凡事要去动手做，在做的过程中，我们一定会有所收获．【解答过程】24．B 细节理解题．线索句为：This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race．意为"今年春天她打算做一个卡丁车参加卡丁车赛．"结合句意可知，Sally做卡丁车的目的，就是为了参加比赛，故选：B．25．A 细节理解题．线索句为：Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue．Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．意为"在三个多星期的艰苦工作之后，Sally把她的设计变成了一辆真正的、能够运转的卡丁车，并且把它涂成了浅蓝色．父亲叫她带它做第一次试驾．"，结合句意可知，在她做完了卡丁车之后，她的父亲叫她测试驾驶，故选：A．26．D 主旨大意题．线索句为：Good．Sometimes，learning happens during the process．意为"很好，有时候，在作事的过程中，我们就会学到东西．"结合句意可知，学习发生在作事的过程之中，故选：D．【总结归纳】面对此类试题，要擅长从文中找出解答的线索，同时，要掌握全文大意，结合文意进行作答．CSometimes it seems that time is flying．Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way．Our experience of time can be possibly changed．By understanding the psychological （心理学的）processes behind our different experiences of time，we might be able to slow down time a little．One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed（接触）to new environments and experiences．The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process．The more information our minds take in，the slower time seems to pass．It follows，then，that we have different experiences of time in different situations．In some situations，。

2019年北京市朝阳区初三一模英语试卷2019.05知识运用(共14分)一、单项填空(共6分，每小题0.5分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.-Hi,Mike,is this______story book?-Oh,yes.It’s a birthday gift from my uncle.A.myB.yourC.hisD.her2.Peter’s father works______a big hospital.And he is a good doctor.A.inB.onC.fromD.of3.Nancy is a good student.She studies hard______she likes to help others.A.orB.soC.butD.and4.-______have you worked in this factory?-For about5years.A.How oftenB.How muchC.How longD.How many5.Beijing,the capital of China,is one of______cities in the world.A.modernB.more modernC.most modernD.the most modern6.Jack will send you an e-mail as soon as he______in London.A.arrivesB.arrivedC.is arrivingD.will arrive7.Mum______the window in the kitchen when I got home yesterday.A.cleansB.will cleanC.was cleaningD.is cleaning8.I______Mr.Smith since he moved to Shanghai.A.didn’t hear fromB.don’t hear fromC.won’t hear fromD.haven’t heard from9.President Xi______three European countries from March21to26,2019.A.visitsB.visitedC.will visitD.is visiting10.Please don’t make so much noise.The baby______now.A.sleepsB.sleptC.will sleepD.is sleeping11.More and more airports______all over the world in the future.A.builtB.will buildC.were builtD.will be built12.-Can you tell me______the prize,Tom?-Last year.A.when you gotB.when did you getC.when will you getD.when you will get二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

2019届北京市海淀区九年级中考一模英语试卷【含答案及解析】姓名____________ 班级_______________ 分数____________、单项填空1. Eric is ______ best frie nd and he ofte n helps me inart class.2. —Where do you usually have lun ch?—____ school.A. Of ___________________________B. ToC. At ___________________________D. On3. I ' II have an exam tomorrow, ___ I want to go tobed early.A. so ________________________B. orC. but _________________________D. for4. 一do you have PE? —Three times a week.A. How manyB. How ofte nC. How oldD. How much5. . The air is gett ing much ________ tha n it was a fewmon ths ago.A. clea n ___________________________________B. clea nerC. clea nest ______________________________D. the clea nest6. —Must I hand in my paper now, Mr. Jones?—No, you ___. You can hand it in tomorrow.A. needn ' t ________________________________B. mustn 'tC. wouldn ' t ___________________________D. shouldn 't7. — May I speak to Judy?— Sorry, she _____ a speech in the hall now.A. makes _____________________________B. has madeC. is making ________________D. made8. I ___ _ Beijing Opera since I was five years old.A. learn ___________________________________B. LearnedC. will learn ______________________________D. have learned9. In 2022, the Winter Olympic Games _________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou.A. hold _____________________________B. heldC. were held _______________D. will be held10. —Jack, ____ ?— I want to study computer science. A. what is your future planB. what your future plan isC. what was your future planD. what your future plan was、完形填空11. 完形填空 , 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

北京市中考英语试卷一、听对话，从下面各题所给的A、B、C 三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片．每段对话你将听两遍．（共5 分，每小题1 分）1．2．3．4．5．二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选择最佳选项．每段对话或独白你将听两遍．（共15 分，每小题1.5 分）6．请听一段对话，完成第6 至第7 小题．A．Tea．B．Milk．C．Juice．7．How much does the woman pay？A．﹩7．B．﹩8．C．﹩9．8．请听一段对话，完成第8 至第9 小题．8．Where are the speakers going to have a picnic？A．In the park．B．On the hill．C．At the seaside．9．Who will join the speakers for the picnic？A．The boy's dad．B．The boy's grandpa．C．The boy's grandma．10．请听一段对话，完成第10 至第11 小题．10．How did the boy go to the wild animal park？A．By train．B．By car．C．By bus．11．What did the boy do in the wild animal park？A．He drew a picture．B．He fed an elephant．C．He saw a bird show．12．请听一段对话，完成第12 至第13 小题．12．What are the speakers mainly talking about？A．Different reading skills．B．Some benefits of reading．C．The man's reading habits．A．He believes it is enjoyable．B．He finds it a little difficult．C．He thinks it takes too much time．14．请听一段独白，完成第14 至第15 小题．14．What can we know about the speaker？A．She lives near her school．B．She likes traveling abroad．C．She wants to improve her English．15．Why does the speaker send this message？A．To describe her trip in London．B．To tell the way to her house．C．To introduce her hometown．16．听对话，记录关键信息．本段对话你将听两遍．请根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息填写在答题卡的相应位置上．Service Request FormName（16）WhitePhone（17）Address 56（18）RoadService Moving a double（19）Time On （20），July 31四、单项选择（共10 分，每小题1 分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项．21．My father is a worker． is very kind．（）A．He B．She C．His D．It22．More and more young people go skating winter．（）A．at B．in C．on D．to23．﹣﹣﹣ did you stop playing？﹣﹣﹣Because I was tired．（）A．How B．Why C．When D．Where24．The hotel is very old．It's one of buildings in the city．（）A．old B．older C．oldest D．the oldest25．﹣﹣﹣ I hand in the report today？﹣﹣﹣No，you needn't．（）A．Can B．Must C．Shall D．Could26．﹣﹣﹣How do you usually go to school？﹣﹣﹣I to school on foot．（）A．go B．went C．was going D．will go27．My mother some washing when the telephone rang．（）A．does B．did C．is doing D．was doing28．Lily is my classmate．We each other since she came to our school．（）A．know B．knew C．have known D．will know29．The mobile phone in 1973．（）A．invents B．is invented C．invented D．was invented30．﹣﹣﹣Judy，could you tell me_______the schoolbag？﹣﹣﹣Oh，yes．I bought it in a store on the Internet．（）A．where did you buy B．where will you buyC．where you bought D．where you will buy五、完形填空（共15 分，每小题1.5 分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项．31．A Meaningful GiftEmily was an eighth grader．To pass her Civics course（公民课程），she had to do some volunteer service in a nursing home for a week．One Monday，Emily went to the nursing home after school．When she arrived，she was told she would（31） an hour every weekday with an elderly lady，Mrs．Blair．She was then led into a room，where an old lady in a flowery dress was sitting on a sofa．Emily（32）awkwardly（别扭地）in front of the lady．She cleared her throat and said，"Good afternoon I'm Emily．""Good afternoon，Emily．Take a seat，please．"Mrs．Blair replied．Then，（33）filled the space between them．Emily wondered what to say．"Tell me about yourself，Emily，"Mrs．Blair said suddenly．"Well，"Emily started，"I don't have any grandparents，so I can't relate to elderly people much．I love the performing arts．I'm here mainly because I have to（34）here to get a good grade for my Civics class．"Mrs．Blair didn't seem to（35）．"Many people，especially teens，don't seem to care about old people like me．Now you are here，and I'm going to change that about you．Ask me anything．"Emily thought for a moment，and finally decided，"What was your job？""I was a Broadway star in the 1950s．"Mrs．Blair answered．"Cool!Can you tell me about it？"Emily asked，amazed．Mrs．Blair smiled．"Back then，only the lead actress had the honor to wear a（36）bracelet．I was the lead in almost all of the plays，so I always wore the bracelet．Till this day，I still have it．"Emily smiled along with Mts．Blair and listened to the other stories，attentively．She had become sointerested in Mrs．Blair's（37） that she decided to come earlier the next day．Tuesday，Wednesday，and Thursday passed by quickly．Then came Friday．As she was leaving，Emilywas really（38）to say goodbye．"Don't be sad．You can still visit me，"Mrs．Blair comforted her．She then handed a small box to Emily，"It's my gift to you．"Emily（39）opened the box and was surprised to see what was inside．"It's the bracelet that youwore．Thank you!"Emily said，with tears in her eyes．"I'm sure to visit you whenever I'm free．"On the way home，Emily thought of her own love for the performing arts．She touched the bracelet andmade a （40）that she would keep her word to Mrs．Blair．31．A．waste B．spend C．plan D．exercise32．A．asked B．sat C．stood D．danced33．A．warmth B．sadness C．happiness D．silence34．A．study B．live C．volunteer D．play35．A．mind B．fear C．insist D．regret36．A．strange B．special C．common D．private37．A．dreams B．hobbies C．stories D．jokes38．A．upset B．confused C．surprised D．nervous39．A．proudly B．secretly C．worriedly D．carefully40．A．promise B．change C．judgment D．choice．六、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项．（共30 分，每小题2 分）41．Summer Programs at Museums41．You can join in the programs at the Postal Museum any day ．A．from July 17to 23B．from July 29﹣30C．from August 7﹣20D．from August 21to 2742．If you are interested in the program about video arts，you can phone ．A.965﹣0400B.654﹣0930C.357﹣3030D.272﹣056043．A 15﹣year﹣old student can take part in the programs at ．A．the Building MuseumB．the Postal MuseumC．the Air and Space MuseumD．the Science Museum44．In the Air and Space Museum，you can ．A．create a stampB．build a houseC．make a paper airplaneD．explore a future city．45．The Sixth Time I Went to the Principal's OfficeWhen I was in the seventh grade，I had problems behaving．My heart was in the right place，but Icouldn't always follow the rules．I played many tricks on my schoolmates．Once，I even pulled a girl's hair on the school bus to get her attention．As a result，I was repeatedly sent to the office of the principal（校长）．Although I hated going there，I did not hate the principal，Mr．Ratcliff．Mr．Ratcliff was a kind，elderly man．When he spanked（打屁股） me for putting some ants into aclassmate's pencil box，it didn't hurt at all，but it did hurt my feelings．I thought so much of him andmoments like that seemed to prove I was hopelessly bad．When I got called to Mr．Ratcliff's office for the sixth time，I had no idea what I had done．I feltdisappointed as I walked down there．I went into his office，sat down，and looked at the floor．Then he said the last thing I expected to hear："Kevin，I've heard you've been behaving really well lately．I want you to know how proud I am of you，and I just called you down to my office to give you a peppermint．""Really？"I was surprised．"Yes．Now you can take that peppermint and go back to class．"I carried the peppermint with me as if it was a gold coin．When I got into my classroom，I bragged （吹嘘） to my classmates about my turnaround，excitedly．I wasn't so bad after all．Mr．Ratcliff was really kind．He made me realize that I was just a kid who had problems with behavior．He bought some peppermints and took the time to notice me when I got something﹣anything﹣right．Mr．Ratcliff gave me some hope by giving me some love．I will just remember him for the rest of my life．45．In his seventh grade，the writer ．A．hated the principalB．had problems behavingC．always followed the rulesD．often helped his classmates46．How did the writer feel when he went to the principal's office for the sixth time？A．Lonely．B．Excited．C．Confident．D．Disappointed．47．The sixth time the writer went to the principal's office，he got ．A．a peppermintB．a model busC．a pencil boxD．a coin48．The writer will always remember Mr．Ratcliff，because the principal ．A．talked with him in the officeB．played games with himC．expected him to be a teacherD．gave him some hope and love．49．Buying Is Doing？How important is shopping to you？How much time do you spend buying things？And how much timedo you spend organizing these things in your home？In the future，how much time will you spend in movietheaters，at amusement parks，at shopping malls，or at convenience stores？When you add it all up，you will probably see you spend a lot of your life consuming（消费）things．Consuming products is not necessarily bad．However，if we spend too much time doing it，we should look at it carefully．Imagine that you have a week off from school．You don't have to go to class．However，in this week，you cannot spend any money﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣no shopping，no movies，no eating out．How would you spend your time？What things would bring you happiness？Perhaps you would take a walk with your best friend．Perhaps you would help a child read．Or you might spend time with your family．When we look back，it is likely that non﹣consuming experiences like these will be our most importantmemories．Why？Non﹣consuming activities are active，not passive．They don't come in a package．You make the experience yourself．For example，each person who reads to a child will have a different experience．The experience changes with the reader，the child，and the book．Similarly，when you have a conversation with a friend，you are actively creating an experience．The conversation that you have with your friend cannot be experienced or recreated by anyone else．However，if you watch a movie with a friend，you will each have a package experience．It requires no action and little interaction between the two of you．The environment we live in encourages us to have packaged experiences．We feel that we must consume because we believe that buying is doing．However，we can start a personal revolution （变革） against consumerism．How？By consuming less．We can ask ourselves what experiences bring us the greatest satisfaction．Then we can organize our lives so that we have more of those kinds of experiences．49．If consuming products takes too much time，we should ．A．spend less moneyB．think about it carefullyC．organize our thingsD．go to convenience stores50．According to the passage，the writer believes that ．A．we can say no to consumerism by consuming lessB．buying things can bring us the greatest satisfactionC．the environment seldom influences our shopping choicesD．consuming experiences will be our most important memories51．What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？A．To introduce some ways of enjoying our spare time．B．To encourage people to have more active experiences．C．To explain reasons behind people's shopping behavior．D．To share his personal experience in consuming products．52．Say you're sitting around with some friends playing video games and someone mentions a game that happens to be one of your favorites．"Oh，that game's easy．So not worth the time，"one of your friends says．The others agree．Although you enjoy the game quite a lot，not wanting to argue with them，you go along with the crowd．You have just experienced what is commonly referred to as peer pressure（同伴压力），also called peerinfluence．You will adopt a certain type of behavior，dress，or attitude in order to be accepted as part of a group of your"peers"．As a teen，you are likely to have experienced the effect of peer pressure in a number of different areas．We are all influenced by our peers at any age．For teens，as school and other activities take you awayfrom home，you may spend more time with your friends than with your family．As you become moreindependent，your peers naturally play a greater role in your life．According to Dr．Casey from Cornell University，teens are very quick and accurate in making decisionson their own and in situations where they have time to think．However，when they make decisions in theheat of the moment or in social situations，their decisions are often influenced by factors like peers．In arecent study，teen volunteers played a video driving game，either alone or with friends watching．Theresearchers discovered that the number of risks teens took more than doubled when their friends werewatching，compared with when they played alone．This shows that teens may find it more difficult to control risky behavior when their friends are around，or in situations where they are extremely angry．Just as people can influence us to make unwise choices，they can also influence us to make good ones．A teen might join in a volunteer project because his or her friends are doing it，or get good grades because his or her friends think getting good grades is important．In fact，friends often encourage each other to study，or try out for sports．While we are always influenced by those around us，the decision to act or not is up to us．So when itcomes to decision making，the choice is up to you．52．According to the passage，Dr．Casey probably agrees that teens ．A．like to play driving games with their friendsB．prefer situations where they have time to thinkC．may take more risks when their friends are aroundD．are slow in making decisions when they are on their own53．The words"in the heat of the moment"in Paragraph 4probably mean" "．A．when teens avoid possible risksB．when teens trust their judgmentC．when teens lose control over their angerD．when teens give consideration to situations54．What can we learn from the passage？A．Teens are eager to be different from their peers．B．Peer pressure has effects on both teens and adults．C．Peer pressure does more harm than good to teens．D．Tees think it challenging to get good grades at school．55．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？A．Peer Pressure：Is It Necessary to Deal with It？B．Peer Pressure：Is It Possible to Get Away from It？C．Peer Pressure：Its Benefits to Teens and Friend MakingD．Peer Pressure：Its Influence on Teens and Decision Making．七、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．每个选项只能用一次．（共10 分，每小题2 分）56．From the Other SideLara and Tara are twins．（56） but they are very different in everything else．For example，hot food is Lara's favorite，and Tara has a sweet choice．However，this isn't the problem with the twin girls．They always argued that the opposite one was wrong．（57），while Tara insisted that mornings were fresh and it was difficult to stay up till midnight．（58）．To put an end to their fights，their parents decided to create a small drama．They wanted the girls to understand that they were both correct from their own point of view．Their parents covered the girls'eyes with black ribbons，and brought them to the dining room．（59）Lara was asked to stand on one side of the board and Tara on the other．They couldn't see the other side of it．When the ribbons were taken away，they were surprised to see a huge board between them．Now，their father asked Lara，"What's the color of the board？"She replied，"It's black!"（60）．She replied，"It's white!"The two girls began to argue again．While Lara was confident it was black，Tara was sure it was white．Then，they were asked to exchange（交换）their places．They couldn't believe their eyes．Tara，who insisted it was a white board，saw a black one．Similarly，Lara，who argued the board was black，was shocked to see a white one．They understood that each of them was right in her own view．Most of us are like Lara and Tara．We are right most times，but insist that others are wrong!A．They look like each otherB．For years，their arguments continuedC．Their mother asked Tara the same questionD．In the room，a big board was placed in the middleE．Lara thought it was terrible to get up early in the morning．八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题．（共10 分，每小题2 分）61．What's in a Name？Many American names come from England．But where did most English names come from？Centuries ago，most people in England had only one name﹣﹣their first name．In the 11th century，five or six of the 50people in a village might be named William，and it was easy to get confused．But in the Middle Ages，people found a way to describe each person exactly．If there were four Williams in one village，one might be referred to as William the son of John．A second might be called William from the hill．A third，William the blacksmith（铁匠）．And a fourth，William the brown haired．In conversation，people might refer to the four Williams as William John's son，William hill，William smith，and William brown．It was 300or 400years before the extra （附加的） names gradually developed into last names，orsurnames．They were passed on from generation to generation．By the 1300s，Robert，the son of Williamsmith，had the name Robert smith，even if he was not a blacksmith like his father．As the last name became widely accepted，the first letter was capitalized，as in Robert Smith．By the 15th century，most people of the upper and middle classes had surnames．Many surnames were based on father﹣son relations．The"son of"part was added to the father's firstname，like Johnson，meaning John's son．Sometimes it was shortened to just"s"，as in Jones or Evans．Surnames like Hill described the place where a person lived．They are the most common type of surname．A third kind of surname was based on a person's job．Forester was someone who looked after the forest．In the Middle Ages，occupation names such as Baker，Carpenter，and Miller became common．The fourth kind of surname was nickname（绰号）．A man whose surname was Bear might be as fierce as a bear．Have you ever wondered why some surnames are so common？The most common surname in the English language is Smith．Being able to make metals（金属）into tools was an important skill in the Middle Ages，and many people were trained as blacksmiths．The most common American surnames are Smith，Johnson，William and Brown．61．Where do many American names come from？62．When did people find a way to describe each person exactly？63．How long did it take for extra names to develop into last names？64．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about？65．Why were many people trained blacksmith in the Middle Ages？九、文段表达（15 分）66．从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50 词的文段写作．文中已给出内容不计入总词数．所给提示词语仅供选用．请不要写出你的校名和姓名．题目①假如你是李华，正在美国参加一个交换生项目．今天下午你应邀和朋友Jim 一家外出，请用英语给接待家庭的妈妈Mrs．Smith 写一个留言条，告诉她你们要去哪里，去做什么，以及你回家的时间和方式．提示词语：park，movie theater，go boating，watch a movie提示问题：Where are you going？What are you going to do？When and how will you get home？Dear Mrs．Smith，My friend Jim asks me to go out with his family this afternoon．Li Hua．67．题目②宽容是一种美德．人与人之间难免会有磕磕绊绊．面对矛盾，多一份包容和谅解，生活就会多一缕阳光．某英文网站正在开展以"包容、谅解"为主题的征文活动．假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈生活中你原谅他人的一次经历，主要内容包括：你们之间发生了什么，你为什么原谅对方，以及原谅对方之后的感受．提示词语：hurt，realize，forgive（原谅），happy提示问题：What happened between you and him/her？Why did you decide to forgive him/her？How did you feel after forgiving him/her？I still remember what happened between北京市中考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析一、听对话，从下面各题所给的A、B、C 三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片．每段对话你将听两遍．（共5 分，每小题1 分）1．【考点】14：听录音选图．【分析】略【解答】略2．【考点】14：听录音选图．【分析】略【解答】略3．【考点】14：听录音选图．【分析】略【解答】略4．【考点】14：听录音选图．【分析】略【解答】略5．【考点】14：听录音选图．【分析】略【解答】略二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选择最佳选项．每段对话或独白你将听两遍．（共15 分，每小题1.5 分）6．请听一段对话，完成第6 至第7 小题．6．What does the woman want to drink？A．Tea．B．Milk．C．Juice．7．How much does the woman pay？A．﹩7．B．﹩8．C．﹩9．【考点】17：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略8．请听一段对话，完成第8 至第9 小题．8．Where are the speakers going to have a picnic？A．In the park．B．On the hill．C．At the seaside．9．Who will join the speakers for the picnic？A．The boy's dad．B．The boy's grandpa．C．The boy's grandma．【考点】17：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略10．请听一段对话，完成第10 至第11 小题．10．How did the boy go to the wild animal park？A．By train．B．By car．C．By bus．11．What did the boy do in the wild animal park？A．He drew a picture．B．He fed an elephant．C．He saw a bird show．【考点】17：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略12．请听一段对话，完成第12 至第13 小题．12．What are the speakers mainly talking about？A．Different reading skills．B．Some benefits of reading．C．The man's reading habits．13．What does the man think of reading？A．He believes it is enjoyable．B．He finds it a little difficult．C．He thinks it takes too much time．【考点】17：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略14．请听一段独白，完成第14 至第15 小题．14．What can we know about the speaker？A．She lives near her school．B．She likes traveling abroad．C．She wants to improve her English．15．Why does the speaker send this message？A．To describe her trip in London．B．To tell the way to her house．C．To introduce her hometown．【考点】16：短文理解．【分析】略【解答】略16．听对话，记录关键信息．本段对话你将听两遍．请根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息填写在答题卡的相应位置上．Service Request FormName（16）略WhitePhone（17）略Address 56（18）略RoadService Moving a double（19）略Time On （20）略，July 31【考点】17：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略四、单项选择（共10 分，每小题1 分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项．21．My father is a worker． is very kind．（）A．He B．She C．His D．It【考点】61：人称代词．【分析】我爸爸是一名工人．他非常善良．【解答】答案：A．考查人称代词．句意：我爸爸是一名工人．他非常善良．根据题干My father is a worker． is very kind．可知My father是男性，空后有is，所以用he，即我爸爸是一名工人．他非常善良．故选A．22．More and more young people go skating winter．（）A．at B．in C．on D．to【考点】7B：常用介词的辨析．【分析】越来越多的年轻人在冬天滑冰．【解答】答案：B当表示时间时，at用于具体的时刻前；in用于年、月、季节和泛指的早上、下午、晚上前；on用于日期、星期、具体的早上、下午、晚上前．to用于分钟数和整点间，表示差…分到…点．此处的winter是季节，选B．23．﹣﹣﹣ did you stop playing？﹣﹣﹣Because I was tired．（）A．How B．Why C．When D．Where【考点】97：疑问副词．【分析】﹣﹣你为什么不玩了？﹣﹣因为我累了．【解答】答案：B．考查疑问副词．句意：﹣﹣你为什么不玩了？﹣﹣因为我累了．how怎样，用于询问方式；why为什么，用于提问原因；when什么时候，提问时间；where哪里，提问地点．根据回答Because I was tired．因为我累了．可知问的是原因，所以说你为什么不玩了？用why．故选B．24．The hotel is very old．It's one of buildings in the city．（）A．old B．older C．oldest D．the oldest【考点】81：形容词的比较级和最高级．【分析】这家旅馆很旧，是城里最古老的建筑物之一．【解答】答案：D．考查最高级．句意"这家旅馆很旧，是城里最古老的建筑物之一．"．A旧的，形容词原级．B更旧的，比较级．C最高级前通常加the．D最旧的，最高级．结合语境one of…"…之一"，由buildings in the city在城市里的建筑，可知三者以上比较，用最高级the oldest最旧的．选D．25．﹣﹣﹣ I hand in the report today？﹣﹣﹣No，you needn't．（）A．Can B．Must C．Shall D．Could【考点】DB：情态动词．【分析】﹣﹣﹣我必须今天交报告吗？﹣﹣﹣﹣不，没有必要．【解答】答案：B．结合下文No，you needn't和上下文语境可知上文是说我必须上交吗？故用must开头的一般疑问句，故答案是B．26．﹣﹣﹣How do you usually go to school？﹣﹣﹣I to school on foot．（）A．go B．went C．was going D．will go【考点】F6：时态辨析．【分析】﹣﹣你通常怎样去上学？﹣﹣我步行去上学．【解答】答案：A．考查时态．句意"﹣﹣你通常怎样去上学？﹣﹣我步行去上学．"．A动词原形．B过去时．C过去进行时态．D一般将来时态．由usually通常，可知表示习惯性动作用一般现在时态主语是I我，第一人称，谓语动词用原形go．答案是A．27．My mother some washing when the telephone rang．（）A．does B．did C．is doing D．was doing【考点】F6：时态辨析．【分析】电话铃响时，我妈妈正在洗衣服．【解答】答案：D．考查时态．句意"电话铃响时，我妈妈正在洗衣服．"．A第三人称单数．B过去时．C现在进行时态．D过去进行时态．由rang过去式，可知表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，这里指电话铃响时，我妈妈正在洗衣服，用过去进行时态，结构是was/were+动词的现在分词．主语是mother单数，用was．do的现在分词是doing．答案是D．28．Lily is my classmate．We each other since she came to our school．（）A．know B．knew C．have known D．will know【考点】F5：现在完成时．【分析】莉莉是我的同学，自从她来我们学校我们就认识彼此了．【解答】答案：C．结合可知动作发生在过去，对现在造成一定的影响，故用现在完成时have/has+过去分词，主语we．故have，故答案是C．29．The mobile phone in 1973．（）A．invents B．is invented C．invented D．was invented【考点】GA：语态的辨析．【分析】手机是1973发明的．【解答】答案：D．考查被动语态．句意"手机是1973发明的．"．A第三人称单数．B一般现在时态的被动语态．C过去时．D一般过去时态的被动语态．结合语境1973年，可知应该是一般过去时态，因此A，B不正确．主语mobile phone手机，是动词invent"发明"动作的承受者，因此用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词的过去分词，C不正确．答案是D．30．﹣﹣﹣Judy，could you tell me_______the schoolbag？﹣﹣﹣Oh，yes．I bought it in a store on the Internet．（）A．where did you buy B．where will you buyC．where you bought D．where you will buy【考点】K5：宾语从句．【分析】﹣﹣朱蒂，你能告诉我你在哪里买的书包吗？﹣﹣哦，是的．我在网上的一家商店买的．【解答】答案：C．根据Could you tell me ？再结合选项，可知could you tell me后面是跟一个宾语从句，宾语从句中应该用陈述语序，即主语+谓语，所以排除AB．再根据I bought it in a storeon the Internet．是说我在网上的一家商店买的．可知是一般过去时，排除D，故选：C．五、完形填空（共15 分，每小题1.5 分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项．31．A Meaningful GiftEmily was an eighth grader．To pass her Civics course（公民课程），she had to do some volunteer service in a nursing home for a week．One Monday，Emily went to the nursing home after school．When she arrived，she was told she would（31） B an hour every weekday with an elderly lady，Mrs．Blair．She was then led into a room，where an old lady in a flowery dress was sitting on a sofa．Emily（32） C awkwardly（别扭地）in front of the lady．She cleared her throat and said，"Good afternoon I'm Emily．""Good afternoon，Emily．Take a seat，please．"Mrs．Blair replied．Then，（33） D filled the space between them．Emily wondered what to say．"Tell me about yourself，Emily，"Mrs．Blair said suddenly．"Well，"Emily started，"I don't have any grandparents，so I can't relate to elderly people much．I love the performing arts．I'm here mainly because I have to（34）C here to get a good grade for my Civics class．"Mrs．Blair didn't seem to（35） A ．"Many people，especially teens，don't seem to care about old people like me．Now you are here，and I'm going to change that about you．Ask me anything．"Emily thought for a moment，and finally decided，"What was your job？""I was a Broadway star in the 1950s．"Mrs．Blair answered．"Cool!Can you tell me about it？"Emily asked，amazed．Mrs．Blair smiled．"Back then，only the lead actress had the honor to wear a（36）B bracelet．I was the lead in almost all of the plays，so I always wore the bracelet．Till this day，I still have it．"Emily smiled along with Mts．Blair and listened to the other stories，attentively．She had become sointerested in Mrs．Blair's（37） C that she decided to come earlier the next day．Tuesday，Wednesday，and Thursday passed by quickly．Then came Friday．As she was leaving，Emilywas really（38） A to say goodbye．"Don't be sad．You can still visit me，"Mrs．Blair comforted her．She then handed a small box to Emily，"It's my gift to you．"Emily（39） D opened the box and was surprised to see what was inside．"It's the bracelet that youwore．Thank you!"Emily said，with tears in her eyes．"I'm sure to visit you whenever I'm free．"On the way home，Emily thought of her own love for the performing arts．She touched the bracelet andmade a （40） A that she would keep her word to Mrs．Blair．31．A．waste B．spend C．plan D．exercise32．A．asked B．sat C．stood D．danced33．A．warmth B．sadness C．happiness D．silence34．A．study B．live C．volunteer D．play35．A．mind B．fear C．insist D．regret36．A．strange B．special C．common D．private37．A．dreams B．hobbies C．stories D．jokes38．A．upset B．confused C．surprised D．nervous39．A．proudly B．secretly C．worriedly D．carefully40．A．promise B．change C．judgment D．choice．【考点】N1：记叙文．【分析】文章讲述了Emily为了通过她的公民课程不得不去养老院照顾老人，于是她结识了Blair太太，一开始气氛很尴尬，因为Emily不擅于与老人相处，她只是为了完成这门课程，但与Blair太太的聊天改变了她．Blair让她介绍下自己，她说自己喜欢表演，Blair太太告诉她她年轻时是百老汇的明星，由此Emily开始对她感兴趣，经常来听她的故事．后来Blair 太太将自己戴的手镯送给了Emily，Emily承诺说自己一有空就会去陪她．【解答】31．B 考查动词．A表示浪费；B表示花费； C表示计划；D表示运动．spend time with sb表示与某人一起度过时光，此处表示她被告知她在工作日每天要花一小时的时间与一个老年女士一起共度，选B．32．C 考查动词．A表示问；B表示坐；C表示站；D表示跳舞．由Blair太太说的Take a seat，please可知此处Emily是站着的，选C．33．D 考查名词．A表示温暖；B表示悲伤；C表示快乐；D表示沉默．由Emily wondered what to say可知此处表示她们间充斥着沉默，选D．34．C 考查动词．A表示学习；B表示生活；C表示志愿；D表示玩．由she had to do some volunteer service in a nursing home for a week可知此处表示我不得不志愿到此来为我的公民课程取得好成绩，选C．35．A 考查动词．A表示介意；B表示害怕；C表示坚持；D表示遗憾．由下文Blair太太说的话Many people，especially teens，don't seem to care about old people like me．Now you are here，and I'm going to change that about you．Ask me anything可知此处表示Blair太太似乎并不介意，选A．36．B 考查形容词．A表示奇怪的；B表示特别的；C表示普通的；D表示私人的．结合语境可知此处表示只有主演才有资格戴特别的手镯，选B．37．C 考查名词．A表示梦想；B表示爱好；C表示故事；D表示玩笑．由Emily smiled along with Mts．Blair and listened to the other stories可知此处表示她变得对Blair太太的故事如此感兴趣，选C．38．A 考查形容词．A表示沮丧的； B表示迷惑的； C表示吃惊的；D表示紧张的．由Don't be sad可知此处表示Emily说再见很沮丧，选A．39．D 考查副词．A表示自豪地；B表示秘密地；C表示担心地；D表示小心地．结合语境可知此处表示Emily小心地打开了盒子，选D．40．A 考查名词．A表示承诺；B表示改变；C表示判断；D表示选择．由she would keep her word to Mrs．Blair可知此处表示并许诺，选A．六、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项．（共30 分，每小题2 分）。

2019年北京市中考英语试题及参考答案与解析（满分60分，考试时间90分钟）知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0. 5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项．1. Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can't wait to see .A. herB. himC. itD. them2. We planted some flowers the garden yesterday.A. onB. toC. inD. of3. - Excuse me, is this T-shirt?- It's 88 yuan.A. how muchB. how manyC. how longD. how old4. – Lily, you finish the letter in ten minutes?- Yes, I can.A. mustB. shouldC. needD. can5. This cap is nice, it doesn't look good on me.A. forB. soC. butD. or6. Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is than her brother.A. patientB. more patientC. most patientD. the most patient7. Sam with his friends every weekend.A. skatesB. is skatingC. has skatedD. was skating8. – Tom, what's your dad doing?- He my bike.A. repairsB. will repairC. has repairedD. is repairing9. Our school life a lot since 2017.We have more activities now.A. changesB. changedC. will changeD. has changed10. If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I tickets for you tomorrow.A. will bookB. bookedC. have bookedD. was booking11. My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday.A. acceptsB. acceptedC. was acceptedD. is accepted12. - Did you notice in her office?- Yes. She was going over our writing.A. what was Miss Lin doingB. what Miss Lin was doingC. what does Miss Lin doD. what Miss Lin does二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项.Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago，when our class election（选举）started，I decided to run forclass president. I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people，so Ifelt it easy to win. But I was 13 that people would feel bad for me if I lost.I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasn't to make promisesto do things I couldn't 14 but to show my class why I wanted to bepresident. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent threehours writing my speech，saying that I was the one they could turn to wheneverthey had a problem. Since I was 15 prepared，I felt that my chances of winning were strong.However，when I gave my speech on Election Day，the response （反应）wasn't what I had 16 . Few people actually listened. When it was my opponent's （对手的）turn，everyone was screaming his name. His speech was short，but all to the point. By then，I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer.It was obvious who would 17 . For the rest of the day，I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry，but I made it through.My 18 was right：I didn't win.The next day，people were still talking about the election. I just pretended （假装）not to hear. But later，things got better. People 19 about the election and talked to me just as they did before.I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect. And moments of failure like this build 20 -since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.13. A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. hopeful14. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat15. A. fully B. quickly C. freshly D. physically16. A. feared B. faced C. mentioned D. pictured17. A. insist B. return C. wait D. win18. A. suggestion B. prediction C. direction D. introduction19. A. forgot B. wrote C. cared D. discussed20. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项. （共26分，每小题2分）AExperiencing ChinaMike, CanadaI spent three months with my host family（接待家庭）in China. It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience Chinese living and culture，from basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera. I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital. Now I have a better understanding of Chinese culture.Joanna, AustraliaI stayed with my host family for five months. My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted. With her help，my Chinese has improved a lot. And I have got used to a new culture. My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with her.Bill, AmericaMy host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes. They are tasty and I like them very much. Just like me，my host parents love to learn about different cultures. They often ask me questions about life in America.Cindy, GermanyRecently I took part in a program to study Chinese. I lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sister is a really hardworking student. It was amazing to see how she made progress in English. And a close relationship has developed between us.21. Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?A. Mike.B. Joanna.C. Bill.D. Cindy.22. How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China?A. Three months.B. Four months.C. Five months.D. Six months.23. Cindy thinks her host sister is .A. a wonderful cookB. a responsible doctorC. a warm-hearted teacherD. a hardworking studentBBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought ofbuilding a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad forhelp."Well，" he said. "How about this: you do some research first and thencome back to me with a design."A week later，Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart "Blue Lightning". Dad looked over her work，thinking. "Well，that's interesting," he said. "Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed. "Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed. After she did that，Sally drove back to Dad. "Well," she said. "Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive.""Oh，do you?" he said. "Please share.""When I drove fast，there was a lot of push back，" she said. "I think it's because of the lightning bolt （闪电）shape.""Very good!" Dad said."So，why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place?" Sally asked. Dad laughed. "Where's the fun in that? If you give a man a fish，he'll eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, he'll eat for a lifetime. "Sally said, "I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun!"Dad smiled. "Good. Sometimes，learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way."That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart，he nodded with pride.Finally came the race. Sally wasn't worried about whether she would win-in her mind，she had already won，by building something better than ever before.24. Sally thought of building a go-kart to .A. practice drivingB. enter for a raceC. play with friendsD. do some research25. What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart?A. To have a test drive.B. To take a good rest.C. To give it a cool name.D. To paint it light blue.26. Sally's story mainly tells us that .A. winning a race is importantB. fishing brings us a lot of funC. driving experience is necessaryD. learning happens during the processCSometimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understanding the psychological （心理学的）processes behind our different experiences of time，we might be able to slow down time a little.One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed（接触）to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process. The more information our minds take in，the slower time seems to pass.It follows，then，that we have different experiences of time in different situations. In some situations, our life is full of new experiences. Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down. In other situations，we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar （熟悉的）. We become insensitive to our experience，which means we process less information，and time seems to speed up.How can we slow down time? Here are two suggestions.Firstly，since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expose ourselves to as manynew experiences as possible. We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增加）our experience of time.Secondly，and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing. This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts. For example, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with. Look at the sky, or at the buildings you pass, traveling among them. This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect.To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing. It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time.27. According to the writer, we can expand our experience of time by .A. going to bed on timeB. traveling to new placesC. having dinner as usualD. printing the same materials28. What can we learn from the passage?A. Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information.B. Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly.C. We can take in more information by living through our senses.D. We should build a stronger relationship between time and us.29. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Slow Down TimeB. Only Time Will TellC. Race Against TimeD. Time Will Not Come TwiceDHow Much Can We Afford to Forget？In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools shouldteach students. Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts andhave more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more powerful,students can access （获得）knowledge easily. Why should they be required tocarry so much of it around in their heads？Civilizations（文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural （农业的）Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter？Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases （偏见）, and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence, we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being（健康）depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry；without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps they're not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people.30. Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases?A. Because they go off course in testing and scoring.B. Because we control the training process on them,C. Because we offer them too much information.D. Because they overuse the provided answers.31. The ease of accessing information from the Internet .A. frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB. prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC. misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledgeD. separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines32. The word "collapse" in Paragraph 5 probably means “”.A. a sudden failureB. the basic ruleC. a disappointing startD. the gradual development33. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?A. To question about the standards of information storage.B. To discuss our problems of communication with machines.C. To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability.D. To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember.四、阅读短文, 根据短文内容回答问题. （共10分, 每小题2分）Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than ExpectedIce covers much of the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋）. Some pieces of ice are huge, like moving islands. As temperatures have increased, however, some of the ice has begun todisappear. Scientists have discovered huge waves（海浪）in the arcticwaters.The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010. ScientistAleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip. They wantedto study the icy waters.On May 2, the ship traveled east and stopped next to a large chunk of ice. around 50 miles from the small island of Hopen. Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the Ice"We were ready to go but when I went out, I discovered many cracks（裂缝）around, " he remembers.He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe. The farther in they went, he thought, the harder the ice would become. As they pushed forward, however, the ship experienced small waves, and then bigger ones. Soon, the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces.Within an hour, Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high. The ship's navigation（航行）system finally recorded the largest waves. They were more than 20 feet in height. The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down, breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour. Scientists had never imagined that the process could happen so fast. The waves in these areas used to be small.The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advance when they are coming. That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them. Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger.Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in these icy waters. As waves break up ice, the seas will become more open, and the waves will get even stronger. There are stormy times ahead.34. When did Marchenko and his students discover huge waves in the arcticwaters?35. Why did Marchenko and his students set out on the trip?36. What did Marchenko decide to do to keep safe?37. How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system?38. What is Paragraph 7 mainly about?书面表达（共10分）五、文段表达（10分）39. 从下面两个题目中任选一题, 根据中文和英文提示, 完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作. 文中已给出内容不计入总词数. 所给提示词语仅供选用. 请不要写出你的校名和姓名.题目①假如你是李华, 你们学校正在开展"安全月"宣传活动, 倡议大家制作关于安全教育的主题海报, 你们班交换生Peter给你发邮件询问相关事情. 请用英语回复一封邮件, 告诉他海报上交的时间, 并分享你设计海报的一些想法.提示词语：design, safety rule, careful, protect, picture提示问题：●When should you hand in the poster?●What would you like to share with Peter about designing the poster?题目②自律, 即自我约束, 是自我提升的一种途径, 有助于我们成长, 促使我们不断前行.某英文网站正在开展以"自律"为主题的征文活动. 假如你是李华, 请用英语写一篇短文投稿, 谈谈为了增强自律意识, 你做过什么, 以及这样做给你带来的好处.提示词语：self-disciplined（自律的）, plan, goal, habit, improve提示问题：●What did you do to be self-disciplined？●What benefits have you got from doing so？参考答案与解析知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分, 每小题0. 5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项.1. Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can't wait to see . （）A. herB. himC. itD. them【知识考点】人称代词.【思路分析】王先生要来我们学校. 我等不及要见他.【解答过程】根据I can't wait to see 可知用宾格作see的宾语, Mr. Wang 指男性单数, 用him代替, 句意：王先生要来我们学校. 我等不及要见他.故选：B.【总结归纳】解答此类试题时, 务必根据题目的要求, 在准确理解句子意思的前提下, 结合时态准确作答2. We planted some flowers the garden yesterday. （）A. onB. toC. inD. of【知识考点】方位介词.【思路分析】昨天我们在花园里种了一些花.【解答过程】on"在…之上、在…时候"；in"在…之内"；of"…的、由…组成的"；to"朝、到、对于", 四者都是介词. on用于具体的时间. 由题干"昨天我们在花园里种了一些花. "可知, 空格是"在…之内", 用in, 因此答案应是in.故选：C.【总结归纳】本题考查时间介词的用法, 在熟知所供词的含义基础上, 根据句意, 从而判断出正确答.3. - Excuse me, is this T-shirt？- It's 88 yuan. （）A. how muchB. how manyC. how longD. how old【知识考点】数量（how many/how much）.【思路分析】打扰一下, 这件t恤多少钱？- 88元.【解答过程】考查数量. A. how much提问不可数名词, 价格等；B. how many提问可数名词复数；C. how long多久, 提问时间段；D. how old多大, 提问年龄. 根据It's 88 yuan. 可知问的是价格, 应说这件t恤多少钱？故选：A.【总结归纳】仔细分析句子的结构, 根据It's 88 yuan. 结合选项作答.4. - Lily, you finish the letter in ten minutes？- Yes, I can. （）A. mustB. shouldC. needD. can【知识考点】情态动词.【思路分析】--莉莉, 你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？--是的, 我能.【解答过程】根据回答Yes, I can可知疑问句以can开头, 句意：莉莉, 你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？故选：D.【总结归纳】情态动词的考查是初中英语考查的重点, 平时学习中一定要熟记这些词的基本词义及用法上的不同, 注意其用法及在句子中表达语气的不同. 考试中结合语境选择合适答案.5. This cap is nice, it doesn't look good on me. （）A. forB. soC. butD. or【知识考点】连词辨析.【思路分析】这个帽子很好看, 但是我戴上不好看.【解答过程】A表示为了, B表示所以, C表示但是, D表示或者、否则. 根据题干可知这个帽子很好看, 但是我戴上不好看, 句子前后是转折关系.故选：C.【总结归纳】本题考查连词辨析, 基础题, 熟悉所给连词的含义, 再根据题干即可作出选择.6. Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is than her brother. （）A. patientB. more patientC. most patientD. the most patient【知识考点】形容词的比较级和最高级.【思路分析】朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好. 她比她的弟弟更有耐心.【解答过程】根据句意：朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好. 她比她的弟弟更有耐心. than是比较级的标志. 选项B符合题意.故选：B.【总结归纳】熟悉形容词比较级和最高级的用法, 结合题意, 给出答案.7. Sam with his friends every weekend. （）A. skatesB. is skatingC. has skatedD. was skating【知识考点】实义动词的单数第三人称形式.【思路分析】Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰.【解答过程】根据句意：Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰. 可知时态是一般现在时, 主语Sam用动词三单式.故选：A.【总结归纳】熟悉实义动词三单式用法, 结合题意, 给出答案8. - Tom, what's your dad doing？- He my bike. （）A. repairsB. will repairC. has repairedD. is repairing【知识考点】现在进行时.【思路分析】--汤姆, 你爸爸在干什么？--他在修自行车.【解答过程】根据问句what's your dad doing？可知答句用现在进行时, be（am, is, are）+现在分词, 句意：他在修自行车.故选：D.【总结归纳】解答此类试题时, 务必根据题目的要求, 在准确理解句子意思的前提下, 结合时态准确作答9. Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now. （）A. changesB. changedC. will changeD. has changed【知识考点】现在完成时.【思路分析】自2007年以来, 我们的学校生活发生了很大变化. 我们现在有更多的活动,【解答过程】根据句意"自2007年以来, 我们的学校生活发生了很大变化. 我们现在有更多的活动"和since 2017可知, 要用现在完成时, 其构成为have/ has done.故选：D.【总结归纳】考查现在完成时, 要牢记现在完成时的构成及用法.10. If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I tickets for you tomorrow. （）A. will bookB. bookedC. have bookedD. was booking【知识考点】主从复合句.【思路分析】如果你想去故宫博物院, 我明天就给你订票.【解答过程】根据句意"如果你想去故宫博物院, 我明天就给你订票"和时间状语tomorrow可知, 主句要用一般将来时, 条件状语从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时, 选项BCD都不符合语法.故选：A.【总结归纳】考查主从复合句, 要根据句意或提示词, 判断时态, 选用合适的引导词.11. My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday. （）A. acceptsB. acceptedC. was acceptedD. is accepted【知识考点】一般过去时的被动语态.【思路分析】我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了.【解答过程】主语my advice与动词accept是被动关系, 根据last Monday用一般过去时的被动语态, was/were +过去分词, 句意：我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了.故选：C.【总结归纳】解答此类试题时, 务必根据题目的要求, 在准确理解句子意思的前提下, 结合时态准确作答12. - Did you notice in her office？- Yes. She was going over our writing. （）A. what was Miss Lin doingB. what Miss Lin was doingC. what does Miss Lin doD. what Miss Lin does【知识考点】宾语从句.【思路分析】--你注意到林小姐在办公室里干什么了吗？--是的. 她正在看我们的作品.【解答过程】考查宾语从句. 宾语从句中, 从句通常用陈述语序, 排除AC. 从She was going over our writing. 判断句子使用过去进行时, 构成were/was+Ving.故选：B.【总结归纳】此题考查宾语从句, 在熟知宾语从句法的基础上, 结合具体题目, 仔细分析, 便可得出正确答案.二、完形填空（共8分, 每小题1分）阅读下面的短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选择最佳选项.Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago, when our class election（选举）started, I decided to run forclass president. I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so Ifelt it easy to win. But I was 13 that people would feel bad for me if I lost.I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasn't to make promisesto do things I couldn't 14 but to show my class why I wanted to bepresident. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent threehours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to wheneverthey had a problem. Since I was 15 prepared, I felt that my chances of winning were strong.However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, the response （反应）wasn't what I had 16 . Few people actually listened. When it was my opponent's （对手的）turn, everyone was screaming his name. His speech was short, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer.It was obvious who would 17 . For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.My 18 was right：I didn't win.The next day, people were still talking about the election. I just pretended （假装）not to hear. But later, things got better. People 19 about the election and talked to me just as they did before.I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect. And moments of failure like this build 20 -since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.13. A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. hopeful14. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat15. A. fully B. quickly C. freshly D. physically16. A. feared B. faced C. mentioned D. pictured17. A. insist B. return C. wait D. win18. A. suggestion B. prediction C. direction D. introduction19. A. forgot B. wrote C. cared D. discussed20. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support【知识考点】记叙文.【思路分析】我信心满满的参与竞选班长, 准备很长时间, 准备的很充分. 在竞选的那一天, 同学们对我不是欢迎. 结果我落选了. 我从中受益良多.【解答过程】13. B考查形容词. bored无聊的；afraid害怕的；excited兴奋的；hopeful有希望的. 根据下文"that people would feel bad for me if I lost"因此可知这句话的意思是"但是我又害怕如果我落选的话, 人们会为我感到难过. "故选B.14. C考查动词. compare比较；remember记住；manage设法做到；repeat重复. 根据"My plan wasn't to make promises to do things I couldn't （14）_____but to show my class why I wanted to be president. " 通过分析句子结构可知这句话的意思是"我的计划不是许诺我设法做到什么事情而只是向同学们表面我想当班长. "故选C.15. A考查副词. fully满满地；quickly快地；freshly新鲜地；physically身体上地. 根据上文"I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem. "因此可知这句话的意思是"既然我做了充分地准备, 我觉得我获胜的机会更大了. "故选A.16. D考查动词. feared害怕；faced面对；mentioned提及；pictured想象. 根据"I felt that my chances of winning were strong. "以及"the response （反应）wasn't "因此可知这句话的意思是"然而, 在竞选的那天我演讲的时候, 反应并不是我想象的那样. "故选D.17. D考查动词. insist坚持；return返回；wait等待；win获胜. 根据下文" I wanted to just go home and cry"因此可知这句话的意思是"谁会获胜是很明显的. "故选D.18. B考查名词. suggestion建议；prediction预测；direction方向；introduction介绍. 根据空格后面的词语是was right：I didn't win. 因此可知这句话的意思是"我的预测是正确的：我没有获胜. "19. A考查动词. forgot忘记；wrote写；cared关心；discussed讨论. 根据上文" But later, things got better. "以及"talked to me just as they did before"因此可知这句话的意思是"人们忘记了选举的时期, 和我说话和以前一样了. "故选A.20. C考查名词. trust信任；pride自豪；character性格；support支持. 根据"I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger. "因此可知这句话的意思是"失败的时刻就像性格的养成一样, 自从那以后, 我就学会了如何面对失望和变得更强大. "故选C.【总结归纳】首先要仔细阅读短文, 掌握大意, 然后结合选项, 从中找出最符合短文的选项, 就可以确定正确答案.阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择最佳选项. （共26分, 每小题2分）AExperiencing China21. Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital？（）A. Mike.B. Joanna.C. Bill.D. Cindy.22. How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China？（）A. Three months.B. Four months.C. Five months.D. Six months.23. Cindy thinks her host sister is . （）A. a wonderful cookB. a responsible doctorC. a warm-hearted teacherD. a hardworking student【知识考点】人物故事类阅读.【思路分析】文章主要讲了3个外国学生在中国的学习经历.【解答过程】21. A. 细节理解题. 根据I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital我甚至参观了一家著名的中医医院, 结合表格内容, 可知是Mike参观了一家著名的中医医院, 故选A. 22. C. 细节理解题. 根据I stayed with my host family for five months我和我的寄宿家庭呆了五个月, 可知是5个月, 故选C.23. D. 细节理解题. 根据My host sister is a really hardworking student, 可知她认为寄宿家庭的姐姐是一个非常用功的学生, 故选D.【总结归纳】首先要通读全文, 了解文章大意, 紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息, 然后明确词意, 结合排除法逐一选出答案. 最后再通读全文, 核对答案.BBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought ofbuilding a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad forhelp."Well, " he said. "How about this：you do some research first andthen come back to me with a design. "A week later, Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart "Blue Lightning". Dad looked over her work, thinking. "Well, that's interesting, " he said. "Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed. "Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed. After she did that, Sally drove back to Dad. "Well, " she said. "Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive. ""Oh, do you？" he said. "Please share. ""When I drove fast, there was a lot of push back, " she said. "I think it's because of the lightning bolt （闪电）shape. ""Very good!" Dad said."So, why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place？" Sally asked. Dad laughed. "Where's the fun in that？If you give a man a fish, he'll eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, he'll eat for a lifetime. "Sally said, "I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun !"Dad smiled. "Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do somethingright by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way. "That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he nodded with pride.Finally came the race. Sally wasn't worried about whether she would win-in her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before.24. Sally thought of building a go-kart to . （）A. practice drivingB. enter for a raceC. play with friendsD. do some research25. What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart？（）A. To have a test drive.B. To take a good rest.C. To give it a cool name.D. To paint it light blue.26. Sally's story mainly tells us that . （）A. winning a race is importantB. fishing brings us a lot of funC. driving experience is necessaryD. learning happens during the process【知识考点】人物故事类阅读.【思路分析】这篇文章, 通过Sally制作卡丁车的小故事, 告诉我们凡事要去动手做, 在做的过程中, 我们一定会有所收获.【解答过程】24. B 细节理解题. 线索句为：This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. 意为"今年春天她打算做一个卡丁车参加卡丁车赛. "结合句意可知, Sally做卡丁车的目的, 就是为了参加比赛, 故选：B.25. A 细节理解题. 线索句为：Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design intoa real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. 意为"在三个多星期的艰苦工作之后, Sally把她的设计变成了一辆真正的、能够运转的卡丁车, 并且把它涂成了浅蓝色. 父亲叫她带它做第一次试驾. ", 结合句意可知, 在她做完了卡丁车之后, 她的父亲叫她测试驾驶, 故选：A.26. D 主旨大意题. 线索句为：Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. 意为"很好, 有时候, 在作事的过程中, 我们就会学到东西. "结合句意可知, 学习发生在作事的过程之中, 故选：D.【总结归纳】面对此类试题, 要擅长从文中找出解答的线索, 同时, 要掌握全文大意, 结合文意进行作答.CSometimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understanding the psychological （心理学的）processes behind our different experiences of time, we might be able to slow down time a little.One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed（接触）to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process. The more information our minds take in, the slower time seems to pass.。

2019年北京中考英语考前模拟试题第一节单项选择。

（本题共15小题，每小题1分，计15分）从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

( )1. I________a lot but I don't play very often now.A. used to play tennisB. was used to play tennisC. am used to play tennisD. used to playing tennis( )2. Bob, an________boy, can write and sing many English songs.A. eight-years-oldB. eight-yearsC. eight-year-oldD. eight-years old( )3.—Would you________me________, Mr. Lin? This question is too hard for me.—OK. Let me try.A. help; afterB. help; outC. help; upD. help; with( )4. Let's________the exercise books before we begin to do our homework.A. put upB. call upC. hand outD. fix up( )5. I think________difficult for us to learn a foreign language well in a short time.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it( )6. Her clothes are new, but she wants to________them________to the poor people.A. work, outB. help; outC. give; awayD. hand; out ( )7.—What are you going to do?—I'm going to put_______ some signs________old clothes.A. up; to ask forB. on; to ask toC. up; asking toD. down; asking for( )8.Our parents often tell us not alone in the river in summer.A.swimB.to swimC.swimmingD.swam( )9.The father is creative enough so many nice toys for his daughter.A.buyingB.makingC.to buyD.to make( )10.I often saw the boys in the river.A.swamB.swimmingC.to swimD.swim( )11.—It will only about 50 minutes to travel to Mount Wuyi byhigh-speed railway.—Wow,how exciting!I can’t wait.A.takeB.spendC.costD.pay( )12.—It’s important for us to know all the subjects.—Yeah, group work is my favorite.A.how to studyB.when to studyC.which to studyD.what to study ( )13.—What are you doing, Uncle Wang?—I’m sorting out old books and I’ll to kids in West China.A.give them upB.give them awayC.give them offD.give them in ( )14.We found necessary to protect animals in danger.A.itB.thisC.thatD./( )15.—Would you please help me buy some apples on your way home? —__________.A. That's all rightB. It doesn't matterC. It's very kind of youD. With pleasure.第二节完形填空。

2019年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英语试卷学校________________姓名________________准考证号________________考生须知1．本试卷共12页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。

2．在试卷和答题卡上认真填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。

3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其它试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

5．考试结束，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

听力理解（共30分）一、听对话，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。

每段对话你将听两遍。

（共5分，每小题1分）1.A. B. C.2.A. B. C.3.A. B. C.4.5.二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

（共15分，每小题1.5分）请听一段对话，完成第6至第7小题。

6. When will Grandpa arrive?A. AT 8:00 PM.B. At 7:00 PM.C. At 6:00 PM.7. How is Grandpa coming?A. By train.B. By bus.C. By car.请听一段对话，完成第8至第9小题。

8.What is the woman studying?A. English.B. Chinese.C. Maths.9. What is the woman good at?A. Playing the guitar.B. Playing the piano.C. Playing the violin请听一段对话，完成第10至第11小题。

10. Where is the woman going?A. To France.B. To Australia.C. To China.11. Who will the woman visit?A. Her friend.B. Her brother.C. Her teacher.请听一段对话，完成第12至第13小题。

2019年北京市中考英语试卷姓名准考证号考场号座位号考生须知1. 本试卷共10页，共五道大题，39道小题，满分60分，考试时问90分钟。

2. 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。

3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

5. 考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。

知识运用(共1 4分)一、单项填空(共6分，每小题0.5分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can’t wait to see.A. herB. himC. itD. them2. We planted some flowers the garden yesterday.A. onB. toC. inD. of3. — Excuse me, is this T-shirt?—It’s 88 yuan.A. how muchB. how manyC. how longD. how old4. — Lily, _____ you finish the letter in ten minutes?— Yes, I can.A. mustB. shouldC. needD. can5. This cap is nice, it doesn’t look good on me.A. forB. soC. butD. or6. Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is than her brother.A. patientB. more patientC. most patientD. the most patient7. Sam with his friends every weekend.A. skatesB. is skatingC. has skatedD. was skating8. —Tom, what’s your dad doing?— He my bike.A. repairsB. will repairC. has repairedD. is repairing9. Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now,A. changesB. changedC. will changeD. has changed10. If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I tickets for you tomorrow.A. will bookB. bookedC. have bookedD. was booking11. My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday.A. acceptsB. acceptedC. was acceptedD. is accepted12. — Did you notice in her office?— Yes. She was going over our writing.A. what was Miss Lin doingB. what Miss Lin was doingC. what does Miss Lin doD. what Miss Lin does二、完形填空(共8分，每小题1分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

北京市2019年初中学业水平暨高中招生考试英语试卷知识运用（14分）一、单项选择(共6分)从下面各题所给A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

(2019•北京) 1. Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I can’t wait to see ________.A. herB. himC. itD. them1. B 考查人称代词。

由上句“王先生要来我们学校”可知，“我”迫不急待的想见到的人是Mr. Wang，故用人称代词him代替Mr. Wang。

选B。

(2019•北京) 2.We planted some flowers ______ the garden yesterday.A. onB. toC. inD. of2. C 考查介词。

句意为“昨天我们在花园里种了一些花”，在花园里用介词in。

故选C。

(2019•北京) 3. —Excuse me, ________ is this T-shirt?—It’s 88 yuan.A．how much B. how many C. h ow long D. h ow old3. A 考查特殊疑问句。

由答语“88元”可知，上句询问价格，询问价格应用疑问词how much“多少钱”。

h ow many“多少”，提问可数名词复数；how long“多久；多长”，提问时间或长度；how old“多大”，提问年龄。

故选A。

(2019•北京) 4. —Lily, ______ you finish the letter in ten minutes?—Yes, I can.A. mustB. shouldC. needD. can4. D 考查情态动词。

句意为“莉莉，你在10分钟内能完成这封信吗？”“是的，我能。

”must必须；should应该；need需要；can能。

由答语“Yes, I can.”可知，上句用can进行提问。

2019年北京市中考英语试卷一、单选题（本大题共12小题，共6.0分）1.Mr． Wang is coming to our school． I can't wait to see ．（）A. herB. himC. itD. them2.We planted some flowers the garden yesterday．（）A. onB. toC. inD. of3.- Excuse me， is this T-shirt？- It's 88 yuan．（）A. how muchB. how manyC. how longD. how old4.- Lily， _____ you finish the letter in ten minutes？- Yes， I can．（）A. mustB. shouldC. needD. can5.This cap is nice， it doesn't look good on me．（）A. forB. soC. butD. or6.Julie takes good care of the family dog． She is than her brother．（）A. patientB. more patientC. most patientD. the most patient7.Sam with his friends every weekend．（）A. skatesB. is skatingC. has skatedD. was skating8.- Tom， what's your dad doing？- He my bike．（）A. repairsB. will repairC. has repairedD. is repairing9.Our school life a lot since 2017． We have more activities now．（）A. changesB. changedC. will changeD. has changed10.If you want to visit the Palace Museum， I tickets for you tomorrow．（）A. will bookB. bookedC. have bookedD. was booking11.My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday．（）A. acceptsB. acceptedC. was acceptedD. is accepted12.- Did you notice in her office？- Yes． She was going over our writing．（）A. what was Miss Lin doingB. what Miss Lin was doingC. what does Miss Lin doD. what Miss Lin does二、完形填空（本大题共8小题，共8.0分）Run for Class President Two months ago，when our class election（选举）started，I decided to run for class president．I enjoyedspeaking in public and got along well with people，so I felt it easy towin．But I was (13)that people would feel bad for me if I lost．I was busy preparing in the following week．My plan wasn't to makepromises to do things I couldn't (14) but to show my class why Iwanted to be president．I put up my posters in hallways and in theclassroom．I also spent three hours writing my speech，saying thatI was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem．Since I was (15)prepared，I felt that my chances of winning were strong．However，when I gave my speech on Election Day，the response （反应）wasn't what I had (16)．Few people actually listened．When it was my opponent's （对手的）turn，everyone was screaming his name．His speech was short，but all to the point．By then，I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer．It was obvious who would (17)．For the rest of the day，I felt like it was over．I wanted to just go home and cry，but I made it through．My(18) was right：I didn't win．The next day，people were still talking about the election．I just pretended （假装）not to hear．But later，things got better．People(19)about the election and talked to me just as they did before．I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect．And moments of failure like this build (20) -since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．13. A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. hopeful14. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat15. A. fully B. quickly C. freshly D. physically16. A. feared B. faced C. mentioned D. pictured17. A. insist B. return C. wait D. win18. A. suggestion B. prediction C. direction D. introduction19. A. forgot B. wrote C. cared D. discussed20. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support三、阅读理解（本大题共13小题，共26.0分）A21.Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital？______A. Mike．B. Joanna．C. Bill．D. Cindy．22.How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China？______A. Three months．B. Four months．C. Five months．D. Six months．23.Cindy thinks her host sister is ______ ．A. a wonderful cookB. a responsible doctorC. a warm-hearted teacherD. a hardworking studentBBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else．This spring shethought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race．Soshe asked her dad for help．"Well，" he said．"How about this：you do some research firstand then come back to me with a design．"A week later，Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad．She named her go-kart "Blue Lightning"．Dad looked over her work，thinking．"Well，that's interesting，" he said．"Have a try．Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed．"Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue．Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．Sally agreed．After she did that，Sally drove back to Dad．"Well，" she said．"Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive．""Oh，do you？" he said．"Please share．""When I drove fast，there was a lot of pushback，" she said．"I think it's because of the lightning bolt （闪电）shape．""Very good!" Dad said．"So，why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place？" Sally asked．Dad laughed．"Where's the fun in that？If you give a man a fish，he'll eat for a day．But if you teach a man to fish，he'll eat for a lifetime．"Sally said，"I see．Anyway，designing is half the fun !"Dad smiled．"Good．Sometimes，learning happens during the process．We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way．"That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder．When she showed Dad her new go-kart，he nodded with pride．Finally came the race．Sally wasn't worried about whether she would win-in her mind，she had already won，by building something better than ever before．24.Sally thought of building a go-kart to ______ ．A. practice drivingB. enter for a raceC. play with friendsD. do some research25.What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart？______A. To have a test drive．B. To take a good rest．C. To give it a cool name．D. To paint it light blue．26.Sally's story mainly tells us that ______ ．A. winning a race is importantB. fishing brings us a lot of funC. driving experience is necessaryD. learning happens during the processCSometimes it seems that time is flying．Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way．Our experience of time can be possibly changed．By understanding the psychological （心理学的）processes behind our different experiences of time，we might be able to slow down time a little．One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed（接触）to new environments and experiences．The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process．The more information our minds take in，the slower time seems to pass．It follows，then，that we have different experiences of time in different situations．In some situations，our life is full of new experiences．Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down．In other situations，we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar（熟悉的）．We become insensitive to our experience，which means we process less information，and time seems to speed up．How can we slow down time？Here are two suggestions．Firstly，since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster，we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible．We can give ourselves new challenges，meet new people，and expose our minds to new information，hobbies and skills．This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增加）our experience of time．Secondly，and perhaps most effectively，we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing，feeling，tasting，smelling or hearing．This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts．For example，on the way home，focus your attention outside of yourself，instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with．Look at the sky，or at the buildings you pass，traveling among them．This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect．To a certain degree，we can understand and control our experience of time passing．It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time．27.According to the writer，we can expand our experience of time by ______ ．A. going to bed on timeB. traveling to new placesC. having dinner as usualD. printing the same materials28.What can we learn from the passage？______A. Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information．B. Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly．C. We can take in more information by living through our senses．D. We should build a stronger relationship between time and us．29.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？______A. Slow Down TimeB. Only Time Will TellC. Race Against TimeD. Time Will Not Come TwiceDHow Much Can We Afford to Forget？In 2018，Science magazine asked some young scientists whatschools should teach students．Most said students should spend lesstime memorizing facts and have more space for creativeactivities．As the Internet grows more powerful，students canaccess （获得）knowledge easily．Why should they be requiredto carry so much of it around in their heads？Civilizations（文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary．In theAgricultural（农业的）Age，a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills．When societies industrialized，the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget．Nowadays，smart machines give us access to most human knowledge．It seems that we no longer need to remember most things．Does it matter？Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen．For one，human beings have biases（偏见），and smart machines are likely to increase our biases．Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective，but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process．In the process，human beings still decide on the correct answers．Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information．When there were no computers，efforts were required to get knowledge from other people，or go to the library．We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books，and what lies in our heads．But today，the Internet gives us the information we need quickly．This can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along．In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence，we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored．But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily．The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being（健康）depends upon，such as food and energy，would produce terrible results．Without food we get hungry；without energy we feel cold．And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age．We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills．As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks，and can be found when we need them，perhaps they're not really forgotten．Still，as time goes on，we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people．30.Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases？______A. Because they go off course in testing and scoring．B. Because we control the training process on them，C. Because we offer them too much information．D. Because they overuse the provided answers．31.The ease of accessing information from the Internet ______ •A. frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB. prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC. misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledgeD. separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines32.The word "collapse" in Paragraph 5 probably means" ______ "．A. a sudden failureB. the basic ruleC. a disappointing startD. the gradual development33.What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？______A. To question about the standards of information storage．B. To discuss our problems of communication with machines．C. To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability．D. To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember．四、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）34.Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than Expected Ice covers much of the ArcticOcean（北冰洋）．Some pieces of ice are huge，like moving islands．As temperatures have increased，however，some of the ice has begun to disappear．Scientists have discovered huge waves（海浪）in the arctic waters．The waves were discovered by accident in May，2010．Scientist Aleksey Marchenko andhis students set out on a trip．They wanted to study the icy waters．On May 2，the ship traveled east and stopped next to a large chunk of ice．around 50 miles from the small island of Hopen．Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the Ice"We were ready to go but when I went out，I discovered many cracks（裂缝）around，" he remembers．He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe．The farther in they went，he thought，the harder the ice would become．As they pushed forward，however，the ship experienced small waves，and then bigger ones．Soon，the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces．Within an hour，Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high．The ship's navigation（航行）system finally recorded the largest waves．They were more than20 feet in height．The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump upand down，breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour．Scientists had never imagined that the process could happen so fast．The waves in these areas used to be small．The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advancewhen they are coming．That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them．Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger．Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in these icy waters．Aswaves break up ice，the seas will become more open，and the waves will get evenstronger．There are stormy times ahead．When did Marchenko and his students discover huge waves in the arcticwaters？______ Why did Marchenko and his students set out on the trip？______What did Marchenko decide to do to keep safe？______How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system？______What is Paragraph 7 mainly about？______五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共30.0分）35.假如你是李华，你们学校正在开展"安全月"宣传活动，倡议大家制作关于安全教育的主题海报，你们班交换生Peter给你发邮件询问相关事情．请用英语回复一封邮件，告诉他海报上交的时间，并分享你设计海报的一些想法．提示词语： design，safety rule，careful，protect，picture提示问题： When should you hand in the poster？What would you like to share with Peter about designing the poster？Dear Peter，I'm glad to receive your email．_________．If there is anything more that I can help with， please let me know．Yours，Li Hua36.自律，即自我约束，是自我提升的一种途径，有助于我们成长，促使我们不断前行．某英文网站正在开展以"自律"为主题的征文活动．假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈为了增强自律意识，你做过什么，以及这样做给你带来的好处．提示词语： self-disciplined（自律的），plan，goal，habit，improve提示问题：•What did you do to be self-disciplined？•What benefits have you got from doing so？Self-discipline plays an important role in our life _________．答案和解析1.【答案】B【解析】根据I can't wait to see 可知用宾格作see的宾语，Mr． Wang 指男性单数，用him代替，句意：王先生要来我们学校．我等不及要见他．故选：B．王先生要来我们学校．我等不及要见他．解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答2.【答案】C【解析】on"在…之上、在…时候"；in"在…之内"；of"…的、由…组成的"；to"朝、到、对于"，四者都是介词．on用于具体的时间．由题干"昨天我们在花园里种了一些花．"可知，空格是"在…之内"，用in，因此答案应是in．故选：C．昨天我们在花园里种了一些花．本题考查时间介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答．3.【答案】A【解析】考查数量．A．how much提问不可数名词，价格等；B．how many提问可数名词复数；C．how long多久，提问时间段；D．how old多大，提问年龄．根据It's 88 yuan．可知问的是价格，应说这件t恤多少钱？故选：A．打扰一下，这件t恤多少钱？- 88元．仔细分析句子的结构，根据It's 88 yuan．结合选项作答．4.【答案】D【解析】根据回答Yes， I can可知疑问句以can开头，句意：莉莉，你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？故选：D．--莉莉，你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？--是的，我能．情态动词的考查是初中英语考查的重点，平时学习中一定要熟记这些词的基本词义及用法上的不同，注意其用法及在句子中表达语气的不同．考试中结合语境选择合适答案．5.【答案】C【解析】A表示为了，B表示所以，C表示但是，D表示或者、否则．根据题干可知这个帽子很好看，但是我戴上不好看，句子前后是转折关系．故选：C．这个帽子很好看，但是我戴上不好看．本题考查连词辨析，基础题，熟悉所给连词的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择．6.【答案】B【解析】根据句意：朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好．她比她的弟弟更有耐心．than是比较级的标志．选项B符合题意．故选：B．朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好．她比她的弟弟更有耐心．熟悉形容词比较级和最高级的用法，结合题意，给出答案．7.【答案】A【解析】根据句意：Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰．可知时态是一般现在时，主语Sam用动词三单式．故选：A．Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰．熟悉实义动词三单式用法，结合题意，给出答案．8.【答案】D【解析】根据问句what's your dad doing？可知答句用现在进行时，be（am，is，are）+现在分词，句意：他在修自行车．故选：D．--汤姆，你爸爸在干什么？--他在修自行车．解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答9.【答案】D【解析】根据句意"自2007年以来，我们的学校生活发生了很大变化．我们现在有更多的活动"和since 2017可知，要用现在完成时，其构成为have/ has done．故选：D．自2007年以来，我们的学校生活发生了很大变化．我们现在有更多的活动，考查现在完成时，要牢记现在完成时的构成及用法．10.【答案】A【解析】根据句意"如果你想去故宫博物院，我明天就给你订票"和时间状语tomorrow 可知，主句要用一般将来时，条件状语从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，选项BCD都不符合语法．故选：A．如果你想去故宫博物院，我明天就给你订票．考查主从复合句，要根据句意或提示词，判断时态，选用合适的引导词．11.【答案】C【解析】主语my advice与动词accept是被动关系，根据last Monday用一般过去时的被动语态，was/were +过去分词，句意：我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了．故选：C．我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了．解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答12.【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句．宾语从句中，从句通常用陈述语序，排除AC．从She was going over our writing．判断句子使用过去进行时，构成were/was+Ving．故选：B．--你注意到林小姐在办公室里干什么了吗？--是的．她正在看我们的作品．此题考查宾语从句，在熟知宾语从句法的基础上，结合具体题目，仔细分析，便可得出正确答案．13.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A 【小题4】D 【小题5】D 【小题6】B 【小题7】A 【小题8】C【解析】（1）B考查形容词．bored无聊的；afraid害怕的；excited兴奋的；hopeful有希望的．根据下文"that people would feel bad for me if I lost"因此可知这句话的意思是"但是我又害怕如果我落选的话，人们会为我感到难过．"故选B．（2）C考查动词．compare比较；remember记住；manage设法做到；repeat重复．根据"My plan wasn't to make promises to do things I couldn't （2）_____but to show my class why I wanted to be president．" 通过分析句子结构可知这句话的意思是"我的计划不是许诺我设法做到什么事情而只是向同学们表面我想当班长．"故选C．（3）A考查副词．fully满满地；quickly快地；freshly新鲜地；physically身体上地．根据上文"I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom． I also spent three hours wr iting my speech， saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem．"因此可知这句话的意思是"既然我做了充分地准备，我觉得我获胜的机会更大了．"故选A．（4）D考查动词．feared害怕；faced面对；mentioned提及；pictured想象．根据"I felt that my chances of winning were strong．"以及"the response （反应） wasn't "因此可知这句话的意思是"然而，在竞选的那天我演讲的时候，反应并不是我想象的那样．"故选D．（5）D考查动词．insist坚持；return返回；wait等待；win获胜．根据下文" I wanted to just go home and cry"因此可知这句话的意思是"谁会获胜是很明显的．"故选D．（6）B考查名词．suggestion建议；prediction预测；direction方向；introduction介绍．根据空格后面的词语是was right： I didn't win．因此可知这句话的意思是"我的预测是正确的：我没有获胜．"（7）A考查动词．forgot忘记；wrote写；cared关心；discussed讨论．根据上文" But later， things got better．"以及"talked to me just as they did before"因此可知这句话的意思是"人们忘记了选举的时期，和我说话和以前一样了．"故选A．（8）C考查名词．trust信任；pride自豪；character性格；support支持．根据"I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．"因此可知这句话的意思是"失败的时刻就像性格的养成一样，自从那以后，我就学会了如何面对失望和变得更强大．"故选C．我信心满满的参与竞选班长，准备很长时间，准备的很充分．在竞选的那一天，同学们对我不是欢迎．结果我落选了．我从中受益良多．首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，从中找出最符合短文的选项，就可以确定正确答案．21.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】D【解析】1．A．细节理解题．根据I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital我甚至参观了一家著名的中医医院，结合表格内容，可知是Mike参观了一家著名的中医医院，故选A．2．C．细节理解题．根据I stayed with my host family for five months我和我的寄宿家庭呆了五个月，可知是5个月，故选C．3．D．细节理解题．根据My host sister is a really hardworking student，可知她认为寄宿家庭的姐姐是一个非常用功的学生，故选D．文章主要讲了3个外国学生在中国的学习经历．首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．24.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】D【解析】1．B 细节理解题．线索句为：This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race．意为"今年春天她打算做一个卡丁车参加卡丁车赛．"结合句意可知，Sally做卡丁车的目的，就是为了参加比赛，故选：B．2．A 细节理解题．线索句为：Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue．Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．意为"在三个多星期的艰苦工作之后，Sally把她的设计变成了一辆真正的、能够运转的卡丁车，并且把它涂成了浅蓝色．父亲叫她带它做第一次试驾．"，结合句意可知，在她做完了卡丁车之后，她的父亲叫她测试驾驶，故选：A．3．D 主旨大意题．线索句为：Good．Sometimes，learning happens duringthe process．意为"很好，有时候，在作事的过程中，我们就会学到东西．"结合句意可知，学习发生在作事的过程之中，故选：D．这篇文章，通过Sally制作卡丁车的小故事，告诉我们凡事要去动手做，在做的过程中，我们一定会有所收获．面对此类试题，要擅长从文中找出解答的线索，同时，要掌握全文大意，结合文意进行作答．27.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A【解析】（1）B 细节理解题．根据Firstly，since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster，we can expose ourselves to as many new experiences as possible．We can give ourselves new challenges，meet new people，and expose our minds to new information，hobbies and skills，首先，因为我们知道熟悉会让时间过得更快，所以我们可以让自己接触尽可能多的新体验．我们可以给自己新的挑战，认识新的人，让我们的头脑接触新的信息、爱好和技能，可知要拓宽对时间的体验可以去接触新事物，比如去新的地方旅游，故选B．（2）C．细节理解题．根据This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts．For example，on the way home，focus your attention outside of yourself，instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with．Look at the sky，or at the buildings you pass，traveling among them．This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information andalso has a time-expanding effect这意味着通过我们的感官而不是思想生活．例如，在回家的路上，把你的注意力集中在你自己之外，而不是思考你必须处理的问题．看看天空，或者你路过的建筑，在它们中间穿行．这种对你的经历的开放态度有助于吸收更多的信息，也有一种时间扩张的效果，可知通过感官，我们可以吸收更多的信息，故选C．（3）A．主旨大意题．根据How can we slow down time？Here are twosuggestions我们怎样才能放慢时间？这里有两个建议，结合文章内容，文章介绍了心理学研究发现熟悉的事物会让时间过得很快，并讲了如何放慢时间，故选A．文章介绍了心理学研究发现熟悉的事物会让时间过得很快，并讲了如何放慢时间．首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．30.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A 【小题4】D【解析】1．B 内容理解题．根据第三段 smart machines are likely to increase our biases． Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective，but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process．In the pr ocess， human beings still decide on the correct answers智能机器可能会增加我们的偏见．许多人认为智能机器必然是正确和客观的，但是机器是通过反复的测试和评分过程来训练的．在这个过程中，人类仍然决定正确的答案，可知因为是技术人员操纵着智能机器，故选B．2．C 内容理解题．根据第四段 But today， the Internet gives us the information we need quickly． This can le ad to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along但是今天，互联网迅速给了我们我们需要的信息．这可能导致错误的信念--我们发现的知识是我们一直以来所知道的知识的一部分，可知会导致人们错误的认为自己已经知道了知识，故选C．3．A 内容理解题．根据 such as food and energy， would produce terrible results． Without food we get hungry； without energy we feel cold．And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age比如食物和能源，会产生可怕的结果．没有食物，我们会挨饿；没有能量，我们会感到寒冷．正是由于记忆的广泛丧失，文明有陷入黑暗时代的危险，可知上文讲的是我们的健康依赖的任何关系网络的崩溃，collapse意思是坍塌、崩溃，与A突然的失败，意思相近，故选A．4．D 主旨大意题．根据 Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen． For one，human beings have biases，and smart machines are likely to increase our biases研究人员已经认识到可能发生的几个问题．首先，人类有偏见，智能机器可能会增加我们的偏见和Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information另一个问题与获取信息的便利性有关，联系文章内容，文章主要讲了科技的发展，人们越来越依赖科技，但这也带来了许多的不利之处，可知是告诉我们不要太依赖智能机器，故选D．文章主要讲了科技的发展，人们越来越依赖科技，但这也带来了许多的不利之处．首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．34.【答案】【小题1】In May，2010．【小题2】Because they wanted to study the icy waters．【小题3】He moved the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe．【小题4】More than 20 feet．【小题5】The dangers of the huge waves to people and wildlife in Arctic．【解析】1．In May，2010．细节理解题．根据文中"The waves were discovered by accident in May，2010"可知，海浪于2010年在被偶然发现．故答案是：In May，2010．2．Because they wanted to study the icy waters．细节理解题．根据文中"They wanted to study the icy waters"可知，他们想研究冰冷的水体．故答案是：Because they wanted to study the icy waters．3．He moved the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe．细节理解题．根据文中"He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe"可知，他决定把船开到冰的更深处，以便保持安全．故答案是：He moved the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe．4．More than 20 feet．细节理解题．根据文中"They were more than 20 feet in height"可知，它们有20英尺高．故答案是：more than 20 feet．5． The dangers of the huge waves to people and wildlife in Arctic．细节理解题．根据文中"That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them"和"Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger"可知，这对海员和当地社区是危险的．靠海冰生活的野生动物（比如北极熊和海象）面临危险，故知本段说的是巨浪对人和北极地区的野生动物的危害性．故答案是：The dangers of the huge waves to people and wildlife in Arctic．本文说的是北极冰块巨浪的危险性．文章介绍了这种巨浪的发现时间和发现过程及其对人和野生动物的危害性．首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案．35.【答案】Dear Peter，I'm glad to receive your email．As it is required，you are supposed to hand in the poster before next Friday．（海报上交的时间）Being your close friend，I am extremely willing to share some ideas about designing the poster with you．First ，the basic safety rules are of great importance，which should be included in your poster．【高分句型一】Second，following the safety rules is so meaningful and crucial that you had better remind your readers of its importance and advise them to be careful both in and out of school．Third，adding a few suggestions about safety awareness is necessary． In addition，it is a good idea for you to draw a few pictures on your poster so as to make it more lively and acceptable．【高分句型二】（设计海报的一些想法）If there is anything more that I can help with， please let me know．Yours，Li Hua【解析】高分句型一：First ，the basic safety rules are of great importance，which should be included in your poster．首先，基本安全规则非常重要，这应该包括在你的海报里．be of great importance非常重要，which should be included in your poster．非限制性定语从句高分句型二：In addition，it is a good idea for you to draw a few pictures on your poster so as to make it more lively and acceptable．另外，为了使之更生动、更可接受，在海报上画几张图片也是好想法．so as to 目的是，为了，make it +adj，make it more lively and acceptable使之更生动、更可接受在解答写作这类试题时，要根据短文的中心思想考虑如何开头、展开和结尾，设想几个承上启下的连词，将主要句型、关键词语草草记下，形成提纲，写时切忌结构分散，废话连篇，严重跑题．36.【答案】Self-discipline plays an important role in our life．（点题）To be honest，1 am a person who is self-disciplined． I used to follow all kinds of rules and hand in the tasks appointed on time at school．And I could not only respect all my teachers but also get on well with my classmates．【高分句型一】At home，I was able to balance housework and homework．I usually made a plan in advance to make it easier to achieve my goal．After finishing all the task，I developed the habit of going to bed early and going to bed early．In the socíety，I spared no effort to improve myself all the time．（如何自律的）In a word，I have benefited a lot from being self-discipline．First of all， I have had many good habits，which makes my life easier and more regular．Secondly，my life and my study have been of high efficiency so that a lot of time has been saved．【高分句型二】 Thirdly，being self-disciplined has prepared me for a better and brighter future．In the future，I will continue to be a self-disciplined person．（自律的好处）【解析】【高分句型一】And I could not only respect all my teachers but also get on well with my classmates．我可以不仅尊重我所有的老师，而且和同学相处得很好．notonly …but also…不仅…而且…【高分句型二】Secondly，my life and my study have been of high efficiency so that a lot of time has been saved．。