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Hello everyone。
I‘ll show you the basic education in USA.%1 The first part is about the Education System.(1)The Schooling Length of American basic education is a bit different from ours.In the USA, because the educational system is constituted by the state, the educational system varies from state to state.①“6-3-3”school system, which is the same as China,is the most accepted.②“6-2-4”school system changes from “6-3-3”system.③“4（5）-4-4”school system，which is considered to be better to match children's nature so that it becomes popu la r.(2)Their educational aim is training students to be high-quality ,such as being independent and creative.(3)About the education policy, I’d like to introduce the No Child Left Behind Act. Because of its enormous implications on education and funding, the Act has been one of the most important act on education. Basic on the principles of high quality and equity，the act has three center ideas.①Implement educational assessment system.(Take New York as an example, from 2007, all government-running primary and middle schools should be assessed as A,B,C,D or F,5 grades.The school rated A or B will get monetary rewards,the ones rated D or F will get punished,such as changing the leaders of the school, or even closing the school.)②Increase the influence of parents on the school.American government wants to ensure children can get high quality education by such ways.③Meet the individual needs of students with special needs.So disabled children can go to school as normal students and get good care from school.(3) The course setting. I’ll take the course of high school as an example to show you how courses set in America：①attach much importance to humanity education②Math are divided into several subjects，which means that their course setting are more specialized③Acqierement is also an very important part,which is indispensable. It’s said that in America,every student in 3 grade need to learn a musical instrument and gives performance in festival and at the end of term.%2 Part is about Education Mole(1)To show the America’s Teaching Method,I’d compare it with China’s. one....the other (X3)So the China’s teaching method is ,and the America’s is ....Theory(2)As a result ,the American students’studying method is Diversiform%3 In the end,I will give you a brief summary to compare basic education between America and China.Aim ,Subjuct Setting, Evaluation,Individual,Comprehensive。
美国初等教育第一节美国基础教育的发展历程一、殖民地时期与独立后的美国教育殖民地时代——英国教育制度的移植，无独立的教育体系。
特点：教会控制的私立初等学校大事记：1642-1647 马萨诸塞殖民地颁布了强迫教育的法令，所有儿童必须接受强迫教育。
独立后——教育分权、世俗化的方向，公立教育制度的建立大事记：1786 宪法，规定宪法没确定的事项作为各州的保留权，奠定了教育分权制的基础。
1834，宾州制定《学校法》，首创公立小学1850，各州普遍确立公立学校制度（贺拉斯.曼”美国公立学校之父“）1852麻州，1853纽约州分别颁布义务教育法令——初等普及义务教育的开端二、进步主义时代的美国基础教育（19世纪末—20世纪上半期）背景：南北战争后，工业化、城市化进程加速，政治民主化发展，安置移民，黑人争取权利，科学技术的发展——美国进入工业现代化时代（“进步时代”）进步时代教育的特点：1.基础教育管理专业化 2.确立现代教育体系 3.改进学校教学1、中小学教育的专业化背景：为适应工业化、城市化发展的要求，学校管理权由个人、社区转向地方政府与州政府，学校教育的集中管理产生了专业化发展趋势。
表现：1.学校管理者与教师之间形成“科层制”关系；2.出现专业化的学校管理者；3.注重校长和教师的专业化培训2、现代学校教育体系的确立表现：20世纪早期形成了从幼儿园到大学，再到研究生教育阶段的学校体系1918年实现普及初等义务教育从小学到初中衔接的升级教育已成为儿童成长过程中的“锁定步骤”3、学校教学的改进1)帕克：美国进步主义教育之父，主持了昆西学校实验“新教育”主张：将学业课程融入儿童的身心发展与其生活的社会中。
2)杜威：美国进步主义教育运动的代表，“创立美国教育学的首要人物”。
创办“芝加哥大学实验学校”（杜威学校）主张通过教育实现民主理想教育为社会发展服务以儿童为中心,要求发展儿童的主动性和创造性。
同时也试图将“儿童中心论”与“学科中心论”折衷3)作为反方的要素主义（20世纪20年代以后）代表人物巴格莱等，50-60年代，以贝斯特、科南特等为代表强调种族经验或文化遗产的重要性，学校的主要任务是把文化的共同要素传授给青年一代。
