中学数学教材中部分词汇的中英文对照表

数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算：add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边，底数opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的1、单位类cent 美分penny 一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime 一角硬币dozen打（12个）score廿(20个)Centigrade 摄氏Fahrenheit 华氏quart 夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard 码meter 米micron 微米inch 英寸foot 英尺minute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度) squaremeasure 平方单位制cubicmeter 立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)2.有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天) common year平年(365天) depreciation 折旧down payment 直接付款discount 打折margin 利润profit 利润interest 利息simple interest 单利compounded interest 复利dividend 红利decrease to 减少到decrease by 减少了increase to 增加到increase by 增加了denote 表示list price 标价markup 涨价per capita 每人ratio 比率retail price 零售价tie打平集合与简易逻辑集合（集）set非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers自然数集the set of all natural numbers正整数集the set of all positive integers整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers实数集the set of all real numbers元素element属于belong to不属于not belong to有限集finite set无限集infinite set空集empty set包含inclusion, include包含于lie in子集subset真子集proper subset补集（余集）complementary set全集universe交集intersection并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers奇数集the set of all odd numbers含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value一元二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective或or且and非not真true假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition逆命题converse proposition否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition充分条件sufficient condition必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition……的充要条件是………if and only if …函数函数function自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval反函数inverse function指数exponentn次方根n th root根式radical根指数radical exponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常用对数common logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term有穷数列finite sequence of number无穷数列infinite sequence of number递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmetic progression ，arithmetic series公差common difference 等差中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometric progression，geometric series公比common ratio等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function始边initial side终边terminal side正角positive angle负角negative angle零角zero angle象限角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent平面向量有向线段directed line segment数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar单位向量unit vector基底base基向量base vectors平移translation数量积inner product正弦定理sine theorem余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean几何平均数geometric mean比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式gradient intercept form 两点式two-point form一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming 约束条件constraint condition 目标函数objective function可行域feasible region最优解optimal solution 圆锥曲线曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes标准方程standard equation 一般方程general equation参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points焦距focal length长轴major axis短轴minor axis离心率eccentricity双曲线hyperbola实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis渐近线asymptote抛物线parabola准线directrix。

数学中英文词汇对照表集合set非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers自然数集the set of all natural numbers整数集the set of all positive integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers实数集the set of all real numbers元素element属于belong to不属于not belong to有限集finite set无限集infinite set空集empty set包含inclusion ,include包含于lie in子集subset真子集proper subset补集（余集）complementary set全集universe交集intersection偶数集the set of all even numbers奇数集the set of all odd numbers含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value 一元二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality 逻辑logic逻辑联结词logical connective或or且and非not真true假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition逆命题converse proposition否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition 充分条件sufficient condition必要条件necessary condition……的充要条件是………if and only if…函数function自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图像graph of function映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval反函数inverse function指数exponentN次方根nth root根式radical根指数radical exponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常用对数common logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term有穷数列finite sequence of number无穷数列infinite sequence of number递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmetic progression公差arithmetic series等差中项common difference等比中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometric progression, geometric series 公比common ratio等比中项geometric mean三角函数trigonometric function始边initial side终边terminal side正角positive angle负角negative angle零角zero angel象限角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent有向线段directed line segment向量vector零向量zero vector单位向量unit vector平行向量parallel vectors相等向量equal vectors共线向量collinear vectors实数与向量的积multiplication of vector by scalar 基底base 数量积translation正弦定理inner product余弦定理sine theorem算术平均数arithmetic mean几何平均数method of compare 比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis倾斜角gradient斜率point slope form点斜式gradient intercept form 截距general form斜截式included angle两点式two-point form一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming 约束条件constraint condition 目标函数objective function可行域feasible region最优解optimal solution曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry笛卡儿Descartes标准方程standard equation一般方程general equation参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points焦距focal length长轴major axis短轴minor axis离心率eccentricity双曲线hyperbola实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis渐近线asymptote抛物线parabola准线directrix直线line平面plane几何体geometric solid平面图形plane figure立体图形slid figure相交直线intersecting lines平行直线parallel lines异面直线skew lines垂线perpendicular line垂足foot of a oblique line垂线段perpendicular line segment公垂线common perpendicular line公垂线段common perpendicular segment 垂面perpendicular plane射影projection斜线oblique line斜足foot of a oblique line斜线段oblique line segment半平面semi-plane二面角dihedral angle平面角plane angle直二面角right dihedral angle棱柱prism底面base顶点vertex面face棱edge侧面lateral face侧棱lateral edge斜棱柱oblique prism直棱柱right prism正棱柱regular prism平行六面体parallelepiped长方体rectangular prism正方体cube棱锥pyramid正棱锥regular pyramid多面体polyhedron凸多面体convex polyhedron正多面体regular polyhedron简单多面体simple polyhedron球solid sphere, spheroid球心center of a solid sphere球面sphere分类计数原理classified enumeration principle 分步计数原理fractional enumeration principle 排列arrangement, permutation 排列数number of arrangements全排列total arrangement阶乘factorial组合combination组合数number of combination二项式定理binomial theorem二项式系数binomial coefficient二项式展开式binomial expansion必然事件certain event不可能事件impossible event随机事件random event试验trial频率frequency等可能事件equiprobability event基本事件elementary event概率probability互斥事件exclusive events对立事件complementary events相互独立事件mutually independent events 独立重复试验independent repeated trials 概率probability统计statistics随机变量random variable离散型随机变量discrete random variable 概率分布probability distribution分布列distribution series数学期望mathematical expectation方差variance标准差standard deviation抽样方法sampling method简单随机抽样simple random sampling系统抽样systematic sampling总体分布population sampling估计estimation正态分布normal distribution标准正态分布standard normal distribution 线性回归linearregression相关correlation回归分析regression analysis散点图scatter diagram回归直线regression straight line线性回归分析liner regression analysis相关系数correlation coefficient假设检验hypothesis testing归纳法induction数学归纳法mathematical induction完全归纳法complete induction不完全归纳法incomplete induction极限limit无穷大infinitely great无穷等比数列infinite geometric sequence 左极限left limit 右极限right limit连续（的）continuous连续函数continuous function导数derivative可导的differentiable变化率rate of change导函数derived function复合函数composite function极大值maximum value极小值minimum value极值extreme value虚数单位imaginary unit复数complex number复数集set of complex numbers虚数imaginary number纯虚数purely imaginary number复数的代数形式algebraic form of complex number实部real part虚部imaginary part复平面complex plane实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis模modulus辐角argument复数的三角形式trigonometric form of complex number 棣莫弗公式De Moivre’s Formula分式fraction通分changing fractions to a common denominator约分reduction of a fraction分式方程fractional equation反比例函数inverse proportional function双曲线hyperbola定理theorem平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle菱形rhombus正方形square梯形trapezium等腰梯形isosceles trapezium重心barycenter加权平均数weighted average权weight中位数median众数mode极差range方差variance平面图形plane figure展开图net体solid面surface线line点point相交intersection交点point of intersection中点center距离distance角angle度degree角的平分线angular bisector 余角complementary angle 补角补角supplementary angle。

数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算：add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边，底数opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的1centpennynickel5dime dozen 打（12 score 廿(20个)CentigradeFahrenheitquartgallon 加仑(1gallon=4quart)yardmetermicroninchfootminute 分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度)squaremeasurecubicmeterpint 品脱(干量或液量的单位) 2. intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天)common year 平年(365天)depreciationdown paymentdiscountmarginprofitinterestsimple interestcompounded interestdividenddecrease todecrease byincrease toincrease bydenotelist price markup涨per capitaratioretail price tie 打平集合与简易逻辑集合（集）set非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers自然数集the set of all natural numbers 正整数集the set of all positive integers 整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers 实数集the set of all real numbers 元素element 属于belong to不属于not belong to 有限集finite set 无限集infinite set 空集empty set包含inclusion, include 包含于lie in 子集subset真子集proper subset补集（余集）complementary set 全集universe 交集intersection 并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers 奇数集the set of all odd numbers 含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value 一元二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality 逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective 或or 且and 非not 真true 假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition 逆命题converse proposition 否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition 充分条件sufficient condition 必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition……的充要条件是………if and only if …函数函数function自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval反函数inverse function指数exponentn次方根n th root根式radical根指数radical exponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常用对数common logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term有穷数列finite sequence of number无穷数列infinite sequence of number递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmetic progression ，arithmetic series公差common difference 等差中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometric progression，geometric series公比common ratio等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function始边initial side终边terminal side正角positive angle负角negative angle零角zero angle象限角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent平面向量有向线段directed line segment数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar单位向量unit vector基底base基向量base vectors平移translation数量积inner product正弦定理sine theorem余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean几何平均数geometric mean比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式gradient intercept form 两点式two-point form一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming 约束条件constraint condition 目标函数objective function可行域feasible region最优解optimal solution 圆锥曲线曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes标准方程standard equation 一般方程general equation参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points焦距focal length长轴major axis短轴minor axis离心率eccentricity双曲线hyperbola实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis渐近线asymptote抛物线parabola准线directrix。

数学词汇中英文对照（初中部分）数与运算一、数与运算自然数：natural number整数：integer负整数：negative integer正整数：positive integer被除数：dividend除数：divisor商：quotient余数：remainder整数：integer倍数：multiple因数：factor偶数；even number奇数：odd number个位：one′s place素数（质数）：prime number合数：composite number素因数：prime factor分解素因素：prime factorization公因数：common factor最大公因数：greatest common factor互素：coprime(co-prime)公倍数：common multiple最小公倍数：least common multiple总体：whole平均分：divide equally分数：fraction分子：numerator分母：denominator基本性质：basic property最简分数：simplest fraction约分：reduction of a fraction公分母：common denominator最简公分母：simplest common denominator通分：reduce fractions to a common denomenator 加法：addition减法；subtraction真分数：proper fraction假分数：improper fraction带分数：mixed number乘法：multiplication除法：division逆运算：inverse operation倒数：reciprocal小数：decimal循环小数：repeating decimal循环节：repetend四则混合运算：arithmetic比：ratio比例：proportion前项：antecedent后项：consequent比值：value of ratio单位：unit最简整数比：simplest integer ratio连比：continued ratio项：term外项：extremes内项：means百分数：percentage百分号：percent sign及格率：passing rate合格率：FPY增产率：rate of growth出勤率：attendance rate盈利率：profit rate亏损率：loss rate利息：interest本金：capital利率：interest rate期数：period本息和：capital and interest正数：positive number负数：negative number有理数：rational number符号：sign非负数：non-negative number原点：origin数轴：number axis正方向：positive direction单位长度：unit length相反数：opposite number绝对值：absolute value交换律：law of commutation结合律：law of association分配律：law of distribution加法交换律：commuative law of addition加法结合律：associative law of addition乘法交换律：commutative law of multiplication 乘法结合律：associative law of multiplication 乘法分配律：distributive law of multiplication 底数：base number指数：exponenta的n次方：a to the power of n混合运算：mixed operation小括号：round bracket中括号：square bracket大括号：curly bracket近似数：approximate number有效数字：significant figure科学记数法：scientific notation无理数：irrational number正无理数：positive irrational number负无理数：negative irrational number数轴：number axis对应：correspondence相反数：opposite number绝对值：absolute value距离：distance法则：rule, law乘方、幂：power计算器：calculator实数：real number正实数：positive real number负实数：negative real number无限循环小数：infinite repeating decimal无限不循环小数：infinite non-repeating decimal一一对应：one-to-one correspondence 平方根、二次方根：square root被开方数：radicand根指数：radical exponent根号：radical sign开平方：extraction of square root算术平方根：arithmetic square root立方根、三次方根：cube root开立方：extraction of cubic rootn次方根：n-th root有限小数：finite decimal循环小数：recurring decimal准确数：exact value近似值：approximation分数指数幂：fractional power有理数指数幂：rational power整数指数幂：integral power正整数指数幂：positive integral power 负整数指数幂：negative integral power 实数指数幂：real power。

数学常用词汇中英文对照数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算：add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数数学常用词汇中英文对照mixed number带分数numerator分子denominator分母decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，xxsquare rootxxcube rootxxdigit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数prime number质数reciprocal倒数multiple倍数(prime)factor(质)因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parenthes括号proportion比例permutation排列table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角数学常用词汇中英文对照central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right trianglexxoblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagonxx形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cubexx，立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depthxxside边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area表面积volume体积armxx的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边，底数oppositexx中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距数学常用词汇中英文对照7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率8.其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的1、单位类cent美分penny一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime一角硬币dozen打（12个）score廿(20个)Centigrade摄氏Fahrenheitxxquart夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard码meter米micron微米inch英寸foot英尺minute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度)squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)2.有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业intercalaryyear(leapyear)闰年(366天) depreciation折旧down payment直接付款discount打折margin利润profit利润interest利息simple interest单利dividend红利decrease to减少到decrease by减少了increase to增加到increase by增加了denote表示list price标价markup涨价per capita每人ratio比率retail price零售价tie打平集合与简易逻辑集合（集）set非负整数集thesetofallnon-negativeintegers自然数集the set of all natural numbers正整数集the set of all positive integers整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers实数集the set of all real numbers元素element属于belong to不属于not belong to有限集finite set无限集infinite set空集empty set包含inclusion, include包含于lie in子集subset数学常用词汇中英文对照真子集proper subset 交集intersection 并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers奇数集the set of all odd numbers含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value一元二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective或or且and非not真true假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition逆命题converse proposition否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition充分条件sufficient condition必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition……的充要条件是………if and only if…函数函数function自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function 映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval 反函数inverse function指数exponentn次方根n th root根式radical根指数radical exponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term 有穷数列finite sequenceof number 无穷数列infinite sequence of number 递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmeticprogression，arithmetic series等差中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometricprogression，geometric series等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function始边initial side终边terminal side正角positive angle负角negative angle零角zero angle象限角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure数学常用词汇中英文对照角度制degree measure正弦sinexxcosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curvexx曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase反正弦arc sine反xxarc cosine反正切arc tangent平面向量有向线段directed line segment数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplicationofvectorbyscalar 单位向量unit vector基底base基向量basevectors平移translation数量积innerproduct不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean几何平均数geometric mean综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式gradient intercept form两点式two-point form一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming约束条件constraint condition目标函数objective function可行域feasible region最优解optimal solution数学常用词汇中英文对照圆锥曲线曲线curve。

七年级上册Ⅰ有理数rational number正数positive number ['pɔzətiv]确实的, 绝对的, 存在的, 现实的负数negative number1．2．1有理数整数integer ['intidӡə]【数】整数完整的东西, 整体分数fraction小部分, 零头, 片断, 碎片。

一些, 一点儿, 几分之一。

【数】分数1．2．2数轴数轴number axis 轴, 轴线; 中心线, 中枢; 轴心(国家或集团之间的联盟)原点origin起源; 起因出身; 血统; 来历出发点, 起点1．2．3相反数相反数opposite number1．2．4绝对值绝对值absolute value ['æbsəlu:t]绝对的; 完全的, 纯粹的, 净的不受限制的专制的, 独断的确实的, 肯定的1．3．1有理数的加法1．3．2有理数的减法有理数的乘除法1．4．1有理数的乘法1．4．2有理数的除法有理数的乘方1．5．1乘方幂power底数base number指数exponent [eks'pəunənt](观点, 理论等的)代表者, 倡导者, 拥护者典型; 标本, 例子说明者, 解说员(音乐的)演奏者1．5．2科学计数法1．5．3近似数和有效数字近似数approximate number vt. 接近; 使接近; 大致为…近似, 约计, 估计模拟有效数字significant digit 1,[siɡ’nifikənt] adj.有效的, 有影响的非偶然的表明…的(of) 有意义的; 意味深长的2, 阿拉伯数字, 一指宽的长度单位(约3/4 英寸)Ⅱ一元一次方程linear equation with one unkown2．1．1一元一次方程方程equation [i'kwei∫ən]一元一次方程linear equation with one unkown ['liniə] adj. 【数】一次的,线性的; 线的, 直线的, 线状的; 长度的; 由线条组成的, 以线条为主的,强调线条的linear equation;linear form线性形;linear arts线条艺术; alinear design线构成的图案解 solution2．1．2等式的性质从古老的代数说起——一元一次方程的讨论（1）2）再探究实际问题与一元一次方程Ⅲ图形初步认识多姿多彩的图形几何图形 geometry figure3．1．1 立体图形与平面图形立体图形 solid figure adj. 【数】立方体的, 立方的, 三维的; 固体[态]的实心的; 真实的, 可靠的; 殷实的; 单质的平面图形plane figure展开图net3．1．2点、线、面、体几何体也称体 solid面 surface线 line点 point直线、射线、线段中点 center距离 distance< 定义 definition>角的度量角 angle['æŋɡl]度 degree角的比较与运算3．4．1角的比较角平分线 angular bisector [baɪ`sektə(r)] (数学) 二等分线, 平分线3．4．2 余角和补角余角 complementary angle [kɔmplə'mentərɪ]adj.互补的；互相补足的补角supplementary angle [͵sʌpli'mentəri]adj. 增补的, 补充的, 补遗的; 追加的Ⅳ数据的收集与整理划记法 tallying调查中小学生的视力情况——抽样调查举例抽样 sampling n.总体 population样本 sample调查“你怎样处理废电池？”七年级下册Ⅴ相交线与平行线5．1．1相交线相交直线intersection lines n. 横断, 交叉;交点, 交叉线;【数】交集; 逻辑乘法邻补角adjacent angles on a straight line [ə'dӡeisənt]adj.接近的,相邻的对顶角vertical angles ['və:tikəl]adj.垂直的; 竖式的; 纵的至高点的, 顶点的5．1．2 垂线垂线perpendicular line [͵pə:pən'dikjulə]adj.n. (与另一线或面)成直角的,垂直的, 正交的(to) 直立的, 与水平线成直角的, 陡峭的垂足foot of a perpendicular5．2．1平行线平行parallel ['pærəlel]n.a.v.5．2．2直线平行的条件命题proposition平移平移变换（平移）translationⅥ平面直角坐标系rectangular coordinate system6．1．1有序数对有序数对ordered pair6．1．2平面直角坐标系平面直角坐标系rectangular coordinate system 1, a. 成直角的2, [kəu'ɔ:dinit] n.坐标3,n.. 系统, 体系, 制度, 体制, 秩序, 规律, 方法X轴x-axis坐标coordinate象限quadrant ['kwɔdrənt]6．2．1用坐标表示地理位置6．2．2用坐标表示平移Ⅶ三角形triangle7．1．1三角形的边三角形triangle7．1．2三角形的高、中线与角平分线高altitude中线median角平分线bisector of angle [baɪ`sektə(r)]7．1．3三角形的稳定性7．2．1三角形的内角7．2．2三角形的外角7．3．1多边形多边形polygon ['pɔliɡən]对角线 diagonal [dai'æɡənl]正多边形regular polygon7．3．2多边形的内角和课题学习镶嵌Ⅷ二元一次方程组 system of linear equations of two unkowns二元一次方程 linear equation of two unkowns二元一次方程组 system of linear equations of two unkowns消元带入消元法（带入法） substitution method [͵sʌbsti'tju:∫ən] n. 代替,替换, 代替物加减消元法（加减法） addition-subtraction method 1,[ə'di∫ən]【数】加法2, [səb'træk∫ən]【数】减法Ⅸ不等式inequality9．1．1不等式及其解集不等式inequality [͵ini(:)'kwɔliti]解集solution set一元一次不等式linear inequality of one unkown9．1．2 不等式的性质一元一次不等式组system of linear inequalities of one unkown课题学习利用不等关系分析比赛Ⅹ实数 real number算数平方根 arithmetic square root 1,[ə'riθmətik] n. 算术, 算术知识2, 平方;自乘; 3,【数】根(数)被开方数 radicand ['rædikænd]立方根立方根（三次方根） cube root 立方, 三次幂; 三次曲线;三乘开立方 extraction of cube root n.【数】开方, 求根根指数radical exponent 1,adj.【数】根的2,n. 【数】指数; 幂阶, 方次无理数 irrational number adj.[i'ræ∫ənəl]实数real number八年级上册Ⅺ一次函数linear function11．1．1变量变量variable ['vεəriəbl]常量 constant ['kɔnstənt]11．1．2函数自变量indepent variable函数（应变量）function11．1．3函数的图像图像graph11．2．1正比例函数正比例函数proportional function [prə'pɔ:∫ənl]11．2．2一次函数一次函数linear function11．3．1一次函数与一元一次方程11．3．2一次函数与一元一次不等式11．3．3一次函数与二元一次方程（组）Ⅻ数据的描述12．1．1条形图与扇形图频数frequency条形图 bar graph扇形图 pie chart 1,n,【计】饼图2, 图, 图表, 示意图, 表格, 卡片12．1．2折线图12．1．3直方图频数分布frequency distribution [͵distri'bju:∫ən]分布; 分布状态; 分布范围直方图histogram ['histəuɡræm]12．2．1用扇形图描述数据12．2．2用直方图描述数据从数据谈节水XIII全等三角形 congruent tiangles全等形 congruent figures ['kɔŋɡruənt]adj.全等三角形 conguent tiangles三角形全等的条件XIV轴对称轴对称图形symmetric figure [si'metrik] n.对称轴axis of symmetry ['simitri]对称点symmetric points14．2．1轴对称变换14．2．2用坐标表示轴对称14．3．1等腰三角形等腰三角形isosceles tiangle [ai'sɔsili:z] adj.【数】等腰的, 等边的14．3．2等边三角形等边三角形equilateral triangle [͵i:kwi'lætərəl]adj.XV整式15．1．1整式单项式monomial [mɔ'nəumiəl] n.adj.系数 coefficient [kəui'fi∫ənt] 【计】系数n..次数 degree多项式 polynomial [͵pɔli'nəumjəl] n.adj.项 term常数项 constant term ['kɔnstənt]n.常量整式integral expression 1['intiɡrəl]【数】整的2【数】式,公式,符号15．1．2整式的加减15．2．1同底数幂的乘法15．2．2幂的乘方15．2．3积的乘方15．2．4整式的乘法15．3．1平方差公式平方差公式formula for the difference of squares 1,['fɔ:mjulə]公式, 方程式 2,【数】差、差额15．3．2完全平方公式完全平方公式formula for the square of the sum 【数】和整式的除法15．4．1同底数幂的除法15．4．2整式的除法因式分解因式分解factoring <factor n. v.>15．5．1提公因式法公因式common factor 【数】(分解)因子, 因数15．5．2公式法八年级下册XVI 分式fraction16．1．1从分数到分式16．1．2 分式的基本性质通分changing fractions to a common denominator [di'nɔmineitə]【数】分母约分reduction of a fraction n.缩减[小], 减小[少, 低, 速, 压]16．2．1分式的乘除16．2．2分式的加减16．2．3整数指数幂分式方程fractional equationⅩⅦ反比例函数inverse proportional function反比例函数17．1．1反比例函数的意义反比例函数inverse proportional function【数】反比 [prə'pɔ:∫ənl] 17．1．2 反比例函数的图象和性质双曲线hyperbola [hai'pə:bələ]【数】双曲线ⅩⅧ勾股定理定理theorem ['θiərəm] 【数】定理三角形全等的条件ⅩⅨ四边形平行四边形parallelogram [͵pærə'leləɡræm] 【数】平行四边形19．1．1平行四边形的性质19．1．2 平行四边形的判定19．2．1矩形矩形rectangle ['rektæŋɡl]19．2．2菱形菱形rhombus ['rɔmbəs]【数】菱形, 斜方形; 菱面形19．2．3正方形正方形square梯形trapezium [trə'pi:zjəm,-ziəm]【数】[美]不规则[不等边, 不平行]四边形; [英]梯形等腰梯形isosceles trapezium [ai'sɔsili:z] adj.【数】等腰的, 等边的课题学习重心重心barycenterⅩⅩ数据的分析数据的代表20．1．1平均数加权平均数weighted average权weight20．1．2 中位数和众数中位数median众数mode20．2．1极差极差range20．2．2方差方差variance['vεəriəns]【统】(平)方(偏)差;数据的偏离值,离散(标准偏差平方);体制健康测试中的数据分析九年级上册XⅩI二次根式代数式algebraic expression [͵ældӡi'breiik] adj.代数的, 关于代数学的二次根式的乘除ⅩⅩⅡ一元二次方程quadratic equation in one unkown一元二次方程quadratic equation in one unkown [kwə'drætik] adj.【数】二次的根root22．2．1配方法22．2．2公式法22．2．3因式分解法ⅩⅩⅢ旋转rotation旋转rotation [rəu'tei∫ən]23．2．1中心对称中心对称central symmetry ['simitri]23．2．2中心对称图形central symmetry figure22．2．3关于原点对称的点的坐标图案设计ⅩⅩⅣ圆circle24．1．1圆圆circle圆心center of a circle半径radius ['reidjəs]n. 半径; 半径范围弦chord [kɔ:d] n.【数】弦直径diameter [dai'æmitə]n.弧arc [ɑ:k]n.半圆semi-circle ['semi] n.【计】半24．1．2垂直于弦的直径24．1．3弧、弦、圆心角圆心角central angle24．1．4圆周角圆周角angle in a circular segment ['seɡmənt]【数】(线)段, 弓形, 圆缺, 球缺24．2．1点和圆的位置关系外接圆circumcircle ['sə:kəm'sə:kl] circum: 圆周; 周边外心circumcenter24．2．2直线和圆的关系切线tangent line内切圆inscribed circle内接内心incenter ['insentə]22．2．3圆和圆的位置关系正多边形和圆弧长和扇形面积24．4．1弧长和扇形面积24．4．2圆锥的侧面积和全面积ⅩⅩⅤ概率probability25．1．1随机事件随机事件random event ['rændəm] adj.偶然的[随便的]行动[过程] 25．1．2 概率的意义概率probability [͵prɔbə'biliti]【数】几率, 概率, 或然率课题学习键盘上字母的排列规律九年级上册XⅩⅥ二次函数quadratic function二次函数quadratic function用函数观点看一元二次方程ⅩⅩⅦ相似相似图形similar figures相似多边形similar polygons ['pɔliɡən]【几何】多边[角]形, 封闭折线相似比similarity ratio 1,n. 2,n. ['rei∫iəu]比; 比率; 比例; 传动比27．2．1相似三角形的判定相似三角形similar triangles27．2．2相似三角形应用举例27．2．3相似三角形的周长与面积位似图形homothetic figures [,həʊmə`θetɪk] adj.类似的, 同位的ⅩⅩⅧ锐角三角函数trigonometric function of acute angle正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent锐角三角函数trigonometric function of acute angle [,trɪɡənə`metrɪk] adj.三角法的, 据三角法的; [ə'kju:t] adj.XⅩⅨ投影与视图投影projection [prə'dӡek∫ən] n.平行投影 parallel projection ['pærəlel]n.a.v.中心投影 cinter projection三视图视图 view制作立体模型。

中英文数学对照代数Algebra正数positive负数negative零zero数字digit/number整数integer分数fractions假分数proper fraction带分数mixture fractions/improper fraction 分子numerator分母denominator小数decimal百分数percentage/percent数字1one2two3three4four5five6six7seven8eight9nine10ten11eleven12twelve13thirteen14fourteen15fifteen16sixteen17seventeen18eighteen19nineteen20twenty100hundred1000thousand10000million1000000000billion奇数odd偶数even质数prime合数composite最大公约数maximum common factor 最小公倍数least common multiples加法addition减法subtraction乘法multiple除法division被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient和sum乘积product因数factor结合律association交换律communication分配律distribution因式分解factoring因子factors简化simplify等式/方程equation不等式inequation倒数receiption符号symbol约等于/近似approximately估算estimation实数real numbers有理数rational numbers无理数irrational numbers一元二次方程linear equations二元一次方程quadratic equations绝对值方程absolute equations方程的根root方程组system of equations变量variable常量constant多项式polynomial单项式monomial反比例函数inverse proportional function 正比例函数proportional function指数函数exponential function对数函数logarithmic function三角函数trigonometric function消元法elimination代入法substitute集合set并集union set交集intersection set空集empty set坐标轴axis横轴x-axis纵轴y-axis截距x,y-intercepts象限quadrant抛物线parabola顶点vertex准线directrix对称轴symmetric axis主轴Major axis副轴Minor axis水平对称轴horizontal symmetric axis垂直对称轴vertical symmetric axis数列sequence/series等差数列arithmetic sequence等比数列geometric sequence几何geometric点point线line面plane曲线curve多边形polygon平行四边形parallelogram菱形rhombus长方形rectangular正方形square梯形trapezoid三角形triangle斜三角形skew triangle正三角形right triangle等腰三角形isosceles triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle钝角三角形obtuse triangle凹多边形concave polygon凸多边形convex polygon对边opposite site邻边adjacent side斜边hypotenuse side对角线diagonal髙height底面base中线midline垂直平分线perpendicular bisector 垂直perpendicular平分bisector重心gravity垂心orthocenter角angle锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle圆circle半径radius直径diameter弦chord弧arc优弧major arc劣弧minor arc切线tangent line割线secant line长方形rectangle正方形square边side椭圆ellipse抛物线parabola双曲线hyperbola相交intersection相切tangent正交orthogonal立体图形solid立方体cube三棱柱triangular prism棱柱prism棱锥pyramid圆锥cone圆柱cylinder球sphere规则多边体不规则多边体勾股定理Pythagorean theorem 边长side length面积area周长perimeter/circumference 体积volume表面积surface area侧面积lateral area底面积base area斜边slant立方体的高altitude位似变化transformation位移translation水平平移horizontal shift垂直平移vertical shift对称reflection放大/缩小dilation strectch/compress 旋转rotation公式formula定理theorem矩阵matrix行列式determinant行row列column排列permutation组合combination概率probability极限limit导数derivative微分differential积分integral平均数average/mean方差variance标准差standard variance中位数median众数mode。

数学词汇中英文对照（初中部分）方程与代数数学词汇中英文对照（初中部分）二、方程与代数代数（学）：algebra字母表示数：Use letters to indicate numbers代数式：algebraic expression单项式：monomial系数：coefficient次数：degree多项式：polynomial二项式：binomial三项式：trinomial二次三项式：second degree trinomial项：term常数项：constant term整式：integral expression升幂：in ascending order of the power降幂：in descending order of the power同类项：like terms合并：combine等式：equality, equation等号：sign of equality二次方：(x)squared三次方：(x)cubedn次方：(x)to the power of n/to the n-th power乘法公式：multiplication formula平方差：difference of squares平方差公式：formula for the difference of squares 完全平方：perfect square完全平方公式：formula for the perfect square分解因式：factorizing公因式：common factor提公因式法：method of extracting common factors 十字相乘法：method of cross multiplication分组分解法：method of regrouping长除法：long division分离系数法：method of detached coefficients分式：algebraic fraction无意义：illegal有意义：legal有理式：rational expression约分：reduction of a fraction最简分式：simplest fraction通分：turn fractions to a common denominator最简公分母：simplest common denominator根式：radical根指数：radical exponent被开方数：radicand二次根式：quadratic surd最简二次根式：simplest quadratic surd同类二次根式：similar quadratic surds分母有理化：rationalize a denominator有理化因式：rationalizing factor根：root增根：extraneous root已知数：given number未知数：unknown number方程：equation列方程：form an equation等量关系：equality检验：check根：root解方程：solving equation解法、解：solution一元一次方程：linear equation in one variable方程的解：solution of equation移项：transposition of terms去括号：remove brackes去分母：remove denominator化简：simplify不成立：false不等式：inequality一元一次不等式：linear inequality in one unknown一元一次不等式组：system of linear inequalities in one variable不等号：non-equal sign含绝对值的不等式：inequality with absolute value大于：greater than小于：less than大于等于：greater than or equal to小于等于：less than or equal to不等式性质：property of inequality解集：solution set解不等式：solve inequality公共部分：common part无解：no solution二元一次方程：linear equation in two unknowns二元一次方程组：system of linear equations in two unknowns 代入（消元）法：elimination by substitution加减（消元）法：elimination by addition and subtraction三元一次方程：linear equation in three unknowns三元一次方程组：system of linear equations in three unknowns一元二次方程：quadratic equation in one unknown一般式：general form二次项：quadratic term一次项：linear term常数项：constant term开平方法：radication因式分解法：factorization配方法：complete a perfect squae求根公式法： formula method一元二次方程根的判别式：discriminant of quadratic equation in one variable整式方程：integral equation一元整式方程：linear integral eqution一元高次方程：linear high-order equation二项方程：binomial equation双二次方程：biquadratic equation分式方程：fractional equation无理方程：irrational equation二元二次方程：quadratic equation in two variables一元二次不等式：quadratic inequality in one variable。

数学词汇中英文对照（初中部分）图形与几何展开全文数学词汇中英文对照（初中部分）四、图形与几何几何学：geometry圆：circle圆心：the center of a circle半径：radius(pl.radii)直径：diameter圆周长：circumference of a circle圆周率：circumference ratio弧：arc圆心角：central angle圆的面积：area of a circle扇形：sector扇形统计图：sector diagram圆环：circular ring直线：line公理：axiom相交：intersection交点：intersection point射线：ray线段：line segment端点：end point大写字母：capital letter小写字母：lower-case letter延长线：extension line截取：intercept距离：distance角：angle边：side, edge始边：initial side终边：terminal side箭头：arrow体：solid长方体：cuboid面：surface(face)棱：edge长方形：rectangle平面：plane点：point几何图形：geometry figure平面图形：plane figure立体图形：solid figure平角：straight angle周角：round angle三角尺、三角板：triangular ruler量角器：protractor角平分线：angular bisector直角：right angle锐角：acute angle钝角：obtuse angle互为余角：complementary angle互为补角：supplementary angle度（数）：degree对顶角：vertical angles邻补角：adjacent angles on a straight line垂直（的）：perpendicular垂直于：be perpendicular to垂线：perpendicular line垂足：foot of perpendicular同位角：corresponding angles内错角：alternate interior angles同旁内角：interior angles on the same side 平行（的）：parallel平行线：parallel lines平行于：be parallel to定义：definition圆规：compasses中点：center (midpoint)直尺：ruler命题：proposition真命题：true proposition假命题：false proposition题设：hypothesis结论：conclusion定理：theorem推论：corollary, inference, deduction证明：proof欧几里得：Euclid三角形：triangle内角：interior angle中线：median高：altitude, height不等边三角形：scalene triangle等腰三角形：isosceles triangle等边三角形：equilateral triangle底边：base顶角：vertex angle底角：base angle锐角三角形：acute triangle直角三角形：right angled triangle 钝角三角形：obtuse triangle斜边：hypotenuse外角：exterior angle全等形：congruent figures对应边：corresponding sides对应角：corresponding angles全等三角形：congruent triangles 全等于：be congruent to逆命题：converse proposition逆定理：converse theorem垂直平分线：perpendicular bisector 对称点：symmetrical points对称轴：axis of symmetry轴对称：line symmetry四边形：quadrilateral凸四边形：convex quadrilateral对角线：diagonal多边形：polygon五边形：pentagon六边形：hexagon七边形：heptagon八边形：octagon九边形：nonagon十边形：decagon平行四边形：parallelogram矩形：rectangle菱形：rhombus正方形：square对称中心：centre of symmetry中心对称：central symmetry梯形：trapezium, trapezoid等腰梯形：isosceles trapezium面积：area比例线段：proportional line segments 黄金分割：golden cut相似形：similar figures相似三角形：similar triangles相似于：be similar to相似比：similarity ratio集合：set原点：origin长度：length元素：element属于：belong to不属于：not belong to有限集：finite set无限集：infinite set空集：empty set包含：contain包含于：lie in子集：subset真子集：proper subset补集（余集）：complementary set全集：universal set交集：intersection并集：union偶数集：a set of all the even numbers奇数集：a set of all the odd numbers逻辑：logic逻辑联结词：logical connective或：or且：and非：not真：true假：false真值表：truth table原命题：original proposition逆命题：inverse proposition否命题：negative proposition逆否命题：inverse and negative proposition 充分条件：sufficient condition必要条件：necessary condition充要条件：sufficient and necessary condition ……的充要条件是……：…if and only if …指数函数：exponential function对数：logarithm常用对数：common logarithm自然对数：natural logarithm对数函数：logarithmic function数列：sequence of numbers项：term通项公式：the formula of general term有穷数列：finite sequence of numbers无穷数列：infinite sequence of numbers递推公式：recurrence formula等差数列：arithmetic progression公差：common difference等差中项：arithmetic mean等比数列：geometric progression 公比：common ratio等比中项：geometric mean三角函数：trigonometric function 始边：initial side终边：terminal side正角：positive angle负角：negative angle零角：zero angle象限角：quadrant angle弧度：radian弧度制：radian measure角度制：degree measure正弦：sine余弦：cosine正切：tangent正割：secant余割：cosecant诱导公式：induction formula正弦曲线：sine curve余弦曲线：cosine curve最大值：maximum最小值：minimum周期：period最小正周期：minimal positive period 周期函数：periodic function振幅：amplitude of vibration频率：frequency初相：initial phase反正弦：arc sine反余弦：arc cosine反正切：arc tangent有向线段：directed line segment数量：vector零向量：zero vector相等向量：equal vectors共线向量：collinear vectors平行向量：parallel vectors实数与向量的积：multiplication of vector by scalar 单位向量：unit vector基底：base基向量：base vectors平移：translation正弦定理：sine theorem余弦定理：cosine theorem。

数学常用词汇中英文对照(总6页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算：add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction 普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron 正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边，底数opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的1、单位类cent 美分penny 一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime 一角硬币dozen打（12个）score廿(20个)Centigrade 摄氏Fahrenheit 华氏quart 夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard 码meter 米micron 微米inch 英寸foot 英尺minute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度)squaremeasure 平方单位制cubicmeter 立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)2.有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天)common year平年(365天)depreciation 折旧down payment 直接付款discount 打折margin 利润profit 利润interest 利息simple interest 单利compounded interest 复利dividend 红利decrease to 减少到decrease by 减少了increase to 增加到increase by 增加了denote 表示list price 标价markup 涨价per capita 每人ratio 比率retail price 零售价tie打平集合与简易逻辑集合（集）set非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers自然数集the set of all natural numbers正整数集the set of all positive integers整数集the set of all integers 有理数集the set of all rational numbers实数集the set of all real numbers元素element属于belong to不属于not belong to有限集finite set无限集infinite set空集empty set包含inclusion, include包含于lie in子集subset真子集proper subset补集（余集）complementary set全集universe交集intersection并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers奇数集the set of all odd numbers 含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value一元二次不等式one-variable quadraticinequality逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective或or且and非not真true假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition逆命题converse proposition否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition充分条件sufficient condition必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition……的充要条件是……… if and only if …函数函数function自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval反函数inverse function指数exponentn次方根n th root根式radical根指数radical exponent被开方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常用对数common logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term有穷数列finite sequence of number无穷数列infinite sequence of number递推公式recurrence formula 等差数列arithmeticprogression ，arithmetic series 公差common difference等差中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometric progression，geometric series公比common ratio等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function 始边initial side终边terminal side正角positive angle负角negative angle零角zero angle象限角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent平面向量有向线段directed line segment 数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar单位向量unit vector基底base基向量base vectors平移translation数量积inner product正弦定理sine theorem余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean几何平均数geometric mean比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式 gradient intercept form 两点式two-point form一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming约束条件constraint condition 目标函数 objective function可行域feasible region 最优解optimal solution圆锥曲线曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes标准方程standard equation 一般方程general equation 参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points焦距focal length长轴major axis短轴minor axis离心率eccentricity双曲线hyperbola实轴real axis虚轴imaginary axis渐近线asymptote抛物线parabola准线directrix。

number & expression 数与表达式Integer 整数fraction 分数numerator 分子denominator 分母decimal 小数positive number 正数negtive number 负数absolute value 绝对值opposite number 相反数reciprocal倒数rational number有理数irrational number 无理数real number 实数recurring decimal循环小数square root平方根；二次根algebraic expression 代数式monomial 单项式polynomial多项式integer expression 整式algebraic fraction 分式quadratic surds 二次根式square root sign 根号square root 平方根cube root 立方根power幂；乘方factorial 阶乘percentage百分法；百分数equality & inequality 等式和不等式solve 解（动词）solution 解solution set 解集linear equation 一次方程linear inequality 一次不等式quadratic equation二次方程quadratic inequality二次不等式maximum value最大值minimum value最小值method of completing square配方法discriminant判别式operation运算plus 加subtract减multiply 乘divide 除addition 加法subtraction减法multiplication 乘法division 除法extraction 开方factorization 因子分解；因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解divisible 可整除common divisor 公约数；公约common factor 公因子；公因子least common multiple (L.C.M) 最小公倍数；greatest common divisor（G.C.D）最大公约数prime factor质因子；质因素prime number素数；质数composite number 合数odd number奇数even number 偶数perfecr square完全平方square number正方形数；平方数rectangular coordinate plane直角坐标平面coordinate 坐标ordinate纵坐标abscissa横坐标origin原点graph 图像function 函数constant 常量variable变项；变量；元；变元；变数direct proportion正比例inverse proportion 反比例linear function 一次函数quadratic function二次函数Geometry 几何plane 平面straight line 直线ray 射线parallel平行(的)intersect 相交point of intersection交点intersection 相交；交点vertical angles 对顶角perpendicular垂线；垂直(于) perpendicular bisector 垂直平分线；中垂线perpendicular line 垂线corresponding angles 同位角alternate interior angles 内错角interior angles on the same side 同旁内角measure 量度；度数area 面积volume体积perimeter 周长angle 角right angle直角acute angle 锐角obtuse angle钝角triangle 三角形altitude 高median 中线bisector of an angle 角平分线leg 直角边hypotenuse 斜边interior angle 内角exterior angle 外角congruent 全等congruent figures 全等图形congruent triangles 全等三角形corresponding verticals 对应顶点isosceles triangle 等腰三角形equilateral triangle 等边三角形Polygon 多边形Regular polygon 正多边形convex polygon 凸多边形quadrilateral四边形diagonal 对角线parallelogram平行四边形rectangle长方形；矩形rhombus菱形square(1)平方；(2)正方形trapezium 梯形right trapezium 直角梯形isosceles trapezium 等腰梯形pentagon五边形hexagon 六边形heptagon 七边形octagon 八边形similar相似similar figures相似图形similar triangles相似三角形in proportion 成比例golden section 黄金分割barycenter 重心the similar ratio 相似比trigonometric ratio 三角比tangent 正切cotangent 余切sine 正弦cosine 余弦Circle 圆diameter 直径radius, radii半径arc 弧minor arc 劣弧；小弧major arc优弧；大弧sector 扇形segment of a circle弓形semicircle半圆chord 弦inclusion 内含tangent 相切external tangency 外切internal tangency 内切circumcircle 外接圆circumcenter 外心inscribed circle 内切圆incenter 内心rectangular block长方体cube 正方体；立方；立方体cylinder 柱；圆柱体statistic 统计bar graph 条形图sector diagram 扇形图population 总体individual 个体sample 样本mean 平均数mode众数variance 方差其他常用语probability概率definition 定义simplify 化简compute 计算prove 证明simultaneous 同时arrangement 安排；排列。

数学名词中英文对照（初中）数学名词中英文对照数学 mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理 axiom 定理 theorem 计算 calculation 运算 operation证明 prove 假设 hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.) 命题 proposition 算术 arithmetic加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数 augend, summand 加数 addend 和 sum减 minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数 minuend 减数 subtrahend 差 remainder乘 times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数 multiplicand, faciend乘数 multiplicator 积 product除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数 dividend 除数 divisor 商 quotient等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于 is greater than小于 is lesser than大于等于 is equal or greater than小于等于 is equal or lesser than运算符 operator 平均数mean算术平均数arithmatic mean几何平均数geometric mean n个数之积的n次方根倒数（reciprocal） x的倒数为1/x有理数 rational number 无理数 irrational number实数 real number 虚数 imaginary number数字 digit 数 number 自然数 natural number 整数 integer小数 decimal 小数点 decimal point分数 fraction 分子 numerator 分母 denominator 比 ratio正 positive 负 negative 零 null, zero, nought, nil四舍五入 round有效数字 significant digit 无效数字 insignificant digit代数 algebra 公式 formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial 多项式polynomial, multinomial 系数coefficient 未知数 unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式 equation一次方程 simple equation 二次方程 quadratic equation三次方程 cubic equation 四次方程 quartic equation不等式 inequation阶乘 factorial 对数 logarithm 指数，幂 exponent乘方 power二次方，平方 square三次方，立方 cube四次方 the power of four, the fourth powern次方 the power of n, the nth power开方 evolution, extraction二次方根，平方根 square root三次方根，立方根 cube root四次方根 the root of four, the fourth rootn次方根 the root of n, the nth rootsqrt(2)=1.414 sqrt(3)=1.732 sqrt(5)=2.236常量 constant 变量 variable坐标系 coordinates坐标轴 x-axis, y-axis, z-axis横坐标 x-coordinate 纵坐标 y-coordinate 原点 origin象限quadrant 截距(有正负之分)intercede（方程的）解solution几何geometry点 point 线 line 面 plane 体 solid线段 segment 射线 radial 平行 parallel相交 intersect 角 angle 角度 degree 弧度 radian锐角 acute angle 直角 right angle 钝角 obtuse angle平角 straight angle 周角 perigon底 base 边 side 高 height三角形 triangle锐角三角形 acute triangle 直角三角形 right triangle直角边 leg 斜边 hypotenuse 勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形 obtuse triangle不等边三角形 scalene triangle等腰三角形 isosceles triangle等边三角形 equilateral triangle四边形 quadrilateral平行四边形 parallelogram 矩形 rectangle正方形 square圆 circle 圆心 centre(BrE), center(AmE) 圆周 circumference半径 radius 直径 diameter 圆周率 pi弧 arc 半圆 semicircle 扇形 sector 环 ring椭圆 ellipse 轨迹 locus, loca(pl.)菱形 rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond梯形 trapezoid直角梯形 right trapezoid等腰梯形 isosceles trapezoid多边形 polygon五边形pentagon 六边形hexagon 七边形heptagon 八边形octagon九边形 enneagon 十边形 decagon 十一边形 hendecagon 十二边形 dodecagon 正多边形 equilateral polygon立方体 cube平行六面体 parallelepiped七面体 heptahedron 八面体 octahedron 九面体 enneahedron 十面体decahedron 十一面体hendecahedron 十二面体dodecahedron 二十面体 icosahedron 多面体 polyhedron 旋转 rotation 轴 axis 球 sphere半球 hemisphere 底面 undersurface表面积 surface area 体积 volume长 length 宽 width周长 perimeter 面积 area 相似 similar全等 congruent三角 trigonometry正弦 sine 余弦 cosine 正切 tangent 余切 cotangent正割 secant 余割 cosecant 反正弦 arc sine反余弦 arc cosine 反正切 arc tangent 反余切 arc cotangent 反正割 arc secant 反余割 arc cosecant补充：集合aggregate 元素 element空集 void 子集 subset 交集 intersection并集 union 补集 complement 映射 mapping函数 function定义域 domain, field of definition 值域 range单调性 monotonicity 奇偶性 parity 周期性 periodicity图象 image数列，级数 series空间 space双曲线 hyperbola 抛物线 parabola四面体 tetrahedron五面体 pentahedron 六面体 hexahedron周期 period内心 incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心 excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心 escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心 orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心 barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆 inscribed circle 外切圆 circumcircle统计 statistics 平均数 average比例 propotion百分比 percent 百分点 percentage百分位数 percentile 排列 permutation 组合 combination 概率，或然率 probability。

数学词汇中英文对照表-湘教版选修1-1教案单元一：集合论及其应用1.1 集合与元素中文名称英文名称集合Set元素Element/Member属于Belongs to不属于Does not belong to包含Contains非空集Non-empty set子集Subset真子集Proper subset1.2 集合间的关系中文名称英文名称并集Union交集Intersection互斥事件Mutually exclusive events互不相交Disjoint差集Set difference1.3 数学语言与符号中文名称英文名称数学语言Mathematical language命题Proposition逻辑联结词Logical connective/Logical operator否定Negation合取Conjunction析取Disjunction条件Implication充分条件Sufficient condition必要条件Necessary condition充要条件Necessary and sufficient condition等价命题Equivalent propositions单元二：函数及其应用2.1 函数的概念中文名称英文名称函数Function定义域Domain值域Range/Codomain一次函数Linear function二次函数Quadratic function2.2 模型与函数中文名称英文名称线性关系Linear relationship比例关系Proportional relationship反比例关系Inverse proportional relationship正比例函数Direct proportion function反比例函数Inverse proportion function实现线性函数模型Implementing linear function models 函数图像Graph of a function2.3 函数的综合应用中文名称英文名称函数的综合应用Comprehensive application of functions 最值问题Extremum problem函数建模Function modeling常用函数及其图像Common functions and their graphs 单元三：数列及其应用3.1 数列的概念中文名称英文名称数列Sequence通项公式General term formula首项First term公差Common difference3.2 数列的应用中文名称英文名称数列的应用Applications of sequences等差数列Arithmetic sequence通项公式General term formula前n项和Sum of first n terms等比数列Geometric sequence通项公式General term formula前n项和Sum of first n terms以上就是本次数学词汇中英文对照表，旨在帮助同学们更好地理解数学知识，学有所成。

数学术语中英文对照表公理axiom 定理theorem计算calculation 运算operation证明prove 命题proposition假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.) 算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.) 被加数augend, summand加数addend 和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend减数subtrahend 差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand, faciend 乘数multiplicator 积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数dividend除数divisor 商quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than 小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than 小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator数字digit 数number自然数natural number 整数integer小数decimal 小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator 分母denominator比ratio 零null, zero, nought, nil正positive 负negative十进制decimal system 二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance 进位carry截尾truncation 四舍五入round下舍入round down 上舍入round up有效数字significant digit 无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra 公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial 多项式polynomial, multinomial系数coefficient 未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式equation 一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation 三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation 不等式inequation阶乘factorial 对数logarithm指数，幂exponent 乘方power二次方，平方square 三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power n次方the power of n, the nth power 开方evolution, extraction 二次方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube root 四次方根the root of four, the fourth root n次方根the root of n, the nth root 集合aggregate元素element 空集void子集subset 交集intersection并集union 补集complement映射mapping 函数function定义域domain, field of definition 值域range常量constant 变量variable单调性monotonicity 奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image 数列，级数series微积分calculus 微分differential导数derivative 极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.) 无穷小infinitesimal积分integral 定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral有理数rational number 无理数irrational number实数real number 虚数imaginary number复数complex number矩阵matrix 行列式determinant几何geometry 点point线line 面plane体solid 线段segment射线radial 直线straight line; steep; sharp; beeline; 平行parallel 相交intersect角angle 角度degree弧度radian 锐角acute angle直角right angle 钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle 周角perigon底base 边side高height 三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle 直角三角形right triangle直角边leg 斜边hypotenuse勾股定理pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle 等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle 四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram 矩形rectangle长length 宽width菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid 直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid 五边形pentagon六边形hexagon 七边形heptagon八边形octagon 九边形enneagon十边形decagon 十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon 多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon圆circle 圆心centre(bre), center(ame)半径radius 直径diameter圆周率pi 弧arc半圆semicircle 扇形sector环ring 椭圆ellipse圆周circumference 周长girth; circumference; perimeter 面积area 轨迹locus, loca(pl.)相似similar 全等congruent四面体tetrahedron 五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron 平行六面体parallelepiped立方体cube 七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron 九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron 十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron 二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron棱锥pyramid 棱柱prism棱台frustum of a prism旋转rotation 轴axis圆锥cone 圆柱cylinder圆台frustum of a cone 球sphere半球hemisphere 底面undersurface表面积surface area 体积volume空间space坐标系coordinates 坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis横坐标x-coordinate 纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin双曲线hyperbola 抛物线parabola三角trigonometry 正弦sine余弦cosine 正切tangent余切cotangent 正割secant余割cosecant 反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine 反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent 反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant 相位phase周期period 振幅amplitude内心incentre(bre), incenter(ame) 外心excentre(bre), excenter(ame) 旁心escentre(bre), escenter(ame) 垂心orthocentre(bre), orthocenter(ame)重心barycentre(bre), barycenter(ame)内切圆inscribed circle 外切圆circumcircle统计statistics 平均数average加权平均数weighted average 方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation比例propotion 百分比percent百分点percentage 百分位数percentile排列permutation 组合combination概率，或然率probability 分布distribution正态分布normal distribution 非正态分布abnormal distribution图表graph 条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram 折线统计图broken line graph。