2016年各区二模试题分类汇编(根据题目按要求写作)

2016年各区二模试题分类汇编根据情境，按要求写作【2016 东城二模】23.从下面两个题目中任选一题．．．．，按要求写作。

题目一：著名物理学家史蒂芬·霍金于4月12日利用个人微博，向中国网友发布了他的“突破射星”计划。

微博刚发出，就吸引了数以百万计的中国粉丝。

有人在霍金的微博下留言：“粉你智商会变高吗？”还有人留言：“关注了您的微博，我感觉连接了宇宙。

”你和好友也加入了讨论。

请结合对霍金和网络的了解，说说你对网络红人霍金现象的看法。

题目二：中考临近，年级打算举办文言文学习笔记展览，相互交流，以提高复习效率。

请以表格中标有“*”号的一篇课文为例，为自己将要参展的文言文学习笔记写一简短的提示语。

人教版教材八下目录（节选）第五单元阅读21与朱元思书22 五柳先生传23 马说24送东阳马生序* 25诗词曲五首第六单元阅读26小石潭记* 27岳阳楼记* 28醉翁亭记* 29 满井游记30诗五首要求：⑴内容具体，条理清晰，语言准确得体。

⑵字数在150 -200之间。

⑶不要出现所在学校的校名或师生姓名。

答案：23.（共10分。

内容7分，语言3分）【2016 西城一模】22.从下面两个题目中任选一题．．．．，按要求写作。

题目一：在一次社会实践活动中，你作为志愿者要帮助新苗小学的老师组织好她们班的学生，去梅兰芳大剧院看京剧演出。

出发前，你要给小学生们讲讲观剧时的注意事项，请就此写一段话。

题目二：古诗文朗诵会上，你扮演一位中国古代文人，来朗诵他的作品。

朗诵之前，你要以这位文人的口吻介绍一下他的经历和这篇作品，以有助于听众更好地欣赏你的朗诵。

请从下列六位文人中任选一位，写出这段介绍的文字。

陶渊明李白杜甫范仲淹苏轼辛弃疾要求：（1）内容具体，语言准确，结构清楚。

（2）字数在150—200之间。

（3）不要出现所在学校的校名或师生姓名。

答案：22.评分标准：10分。

内容7分（符合题意2分，中心明确2分，条理清晰2分，结构完整1分），语言3分。

让路阅读答案让路阅读答案篇一：2016年各区二模试题分类汇编(现代文阅读5)议- 附答案复件2016年各区二模试题分类汇编现代文阅读5【2016 西城二模】（三）阅读《体味人生“上止正”》，完成第19-21题。

（共9分）体味人生“上止正”①一位老同志从领导岗位上退下来，晚辈追问怎样才能让人生行稳致远，他没有讲大道理，只是说了三个字：上、止、正。

这三个字，形如玩文字游戏，细味之下，却颇富哲理。

②?上?者，上进，保持一颗上进心，对所认定目标始终如一地执着追求。

俗话说得好，?地不耕种，再肥沃也长不出果实?。

从呱呱坠地起，每个人几乎都在同一起跑线上。

后天努力不一样，便有了好差、先后、强弱的差别。

浑浑噩噩的生活不值得过，人生只有不断超越，才能行稳致远；只有不断历练，才能愈发成熟。

发愤图强，精进不休，可以使我们的生命更充实，人生更有价值。

③?止?者，知止，适可而止，当止则止，自己给自己?叫停?。

《增广贤文》有云：?知止常止，终身不耻。

?知止，意味着心中有度，懂得节制欲望、控制本能。

把握不好度，健康会在大吃大喝中受损，名节也会因贪占侵吞而受辱。

知止，也意味着心中有界与戒，哪些朋友不能交，哪些地方不能去，哪些东西不能拿，都要讲纪律、有分寸。

朱熹有言：?止者，所当止之地，即至善之所在也。

知之，则志有定向。

?知止，是成功和失败的分水岭，守住道德底线，不越法律红线，便可以筑牢成功的围堰。

知止的关键在于清醒，意念清醒才能克制私欲，从不逾矩；志向清晰才会志之所驱，不受干扰。

④?正?者，守正，心有正气，胸有信念，人以正气立，事行正道远。

无论是?宁为玉碎，不为瓦全?的慷慨献身，还是?出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖?的持身守洁，正气总能给人心以温润，给社会以光明。

对居官从政而言，清清白白做人、干干净净做事、堂堂正正做官，比什么都重要。

守正的关键在于坚定，所谓?见利不亏其义，见死不更其守?。

正气凛然不失节，邪气就会让路；正义昭彰不退缩，黑暗不驱而散。

2016年高三年级第二次质量调研（二模）（嘉定、宝山、长宁、青浦）语文试卷考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

3．考试时间150分钟。

试卷满分150分。

一阅读80分（一）阅读下文，完成1—6题。

（17分）中医不必“死乞白赖”地宣称“我也是科学”江晓原①虽然传统医学几千年来一直卓有成效地呵护着中华民族的健康，但是从鸦片战争之后，西医挟欧风美雨之狂暴，君临华夏大地，将中医打得节节败退。

国民党统治时期，“取消中医论”一度甚嚣尘上。

新中国建立以来，中国政府一直对中医采取保护和扶持态度，这一态度迄今为止并无改变。

但是，这并不能阻止从理论上对中医的攻击，“取消中医论”居然重新出现，而某著名院士“中医是伪科学”的论断，更让广大中医界人士痛心疾首。

②中医面对这一攻击，能够做出的辩护，往往只是非常软弱无力地辩称“我也是科学”。

③其实，我们可以指出：如果中医不是科学，那西医也不是；如果西医是科学，那中医就也是。

④在西方现在的学科分类体系中，经常是科学、数学、医学三者并列，医学并不属于“科学”的范畴。

因为在这种分类中，“科学”是指天文学、物理学等等“精密科学”，而人类对人体奥秘所知仍非常之少，故医学远远没有达到“精密科学”的地步。

事实上，至迟到17世纪，西医仍然停留在与星占学、炼金术紧紧纠缠在一起的巫术阶段，那时西医中“□□□□”的信念与《黄帝内经》相比如出一辙。

⑤但是在中国，似乎人人——包括中医界的人士——都承认西医是科学，这是由于当初西医就是在强大的唯科学主义．．．．．语境下输入中国的，所以这个在西方至今也没有被视为科学的西医，到了中国却天经地义地成了科学。

⑥那么，如果使用宽泛一点的“科学”定义呢？在那样的定义中，就可以将西医包括进去。

但是，如果使用了宽泛的“科学”定义，那应该宽到何处呢？只要适度加宽“科学”的定义（比如“对自然界的有系统的知识”），马上就能将中医也包括进去，又怎么能再说“中医不是科学”呢？⑦此外，在这个问题上，许多人至今仍然习惯于一种一元价值观，即“是科学则存，非科学则亡”。

2016届虹口区二模作文试题：根据以下材料，自选角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章（不要写成诗歌）。

君子之说自古有之，何为君子，众说纷纭，古语有“君子坦荡荡”、“君子谋道不谋食”、“谦谦君子，温润如玉”等；也有人认为君子之内涵不应拘泥于传统，要应时而变；还有人认为……1、济世为君子鲁迅曾言，无穷的远方，无数的人们，都与我有关。

君子之说自古有之，对君子的诠释亦是从说纷纭。

淡泊是君子，坦荡是君子，谦逊是君子，不忘初心是君子，应时而变是君子。

于我，存一颗济世之心，济世乃真君子。

一个人的生命里有层层叠叠的死去和复生，无尽的人，都息息相关，人纵有广厦千间，而夜眠三尺之地，何不大庇天下寒士俱欢颜？余秀华在其诗中感叹，吹过我村庄的风吹过你们的城市，流过我村庄的河流流过你们的城市。

所幸，折断过我的哀伤没有折断过你们。

当一个脑瘫的农妇所有的力气只够活着，却依旧活着为世界背负痛苦。

好像一把刀，整夜整夜在磨刀石上，日趋锋利，能锥心刺痛，敲打远方的灵魂，却越来越薄，让人如何不视那弱女为君子！俱焚也好，俱碎也好，痛由我独尝，甜由世人共享。

朱门洒肉臭，如若一个人只顾自扫门前雪，却对路有冻死骨视而不见，那活着多轻松！没有挣执，没有冲突，却总少了些人情，少了此关怀，少了些慈悲，末了不过是自私的精致的利己主义者。

文革十年浩劫，将无数知识分子戕害。

巴金却只身一人，义无反顾地回到祖国，在那样灵魂不安的岁月里，心没有随着雾海下沉已是难能可贵，而那源自骨子里的济世心，让他化作泥土，融化在人们温暧的鞋印里，带回温热的鼻息和心音。

卢新宁说，你有光明，中国便不再黑暗。

那是大爱与良心。

比活着更重要的是爱情，比爱情更重要的是良心，知识分子中若失了这样一位君子的良心，想必文明也趋于黑暗，民族也无法长足发展。

世间不少成功人士，却称不上君子。

多少人一生不知倦疲地拼命索取，其终极目的不过是职场的呼风唤雨，情场的耳鬓厮磨，抑或是酒场的声色犬马，赌场的纸醉金迷。

2016年黄浦区高考模拟考语文试卷（二模）2016年4月13日考生注意：1．答卷前，考生务必在答题卷上将自己的姓名等相关信息及准考证号填写清楚。

2．本考试设试卷和答题卷两部分，所有试题的答案及作文必须全部写在答题卷上，写在试卷上一律不给分；答题时应注意试题题号和答题卷题号一一对应，不能错位。

3．本试卷共6页，试卷总分150分，考试时间150分钟。

一、阅读80分（一）阅读下文，完成第1—6题。

（17分）种子与土壤刘学谦①种子和土壤，二者之间关系密切。

植物的正常生长离不开种子和土壤等条件，如果土壤和种子等条件都非常适宜，植物就能茁壮成长。

只是土壤适宜，但种子不好；或者土壤不佳，光有优良的种子，植物的正常生长终究还是困难的。

另外，同样的种子，在不同的土壤环境中，最终生长的结果也有所不同，这就是所谓的‚橘生淮南则为橘，生于淮北则为枳‛。

②我们知道，人的身体是由无数个细胞组成，这些细胞就像一粒粒种子，通常情况下，这些种子因为有合适的土壤环境得以正常成长，形成身体所需要的细胞，顺利完成人体的新陈代谢，新的细胞不断取代衰老的细胞，以保持生命的延续。

这些正常的细胞构成了生命的基本单位。

另外还有一种细胞是癌细胞，癌细胞是怎么回事呢？它又是怎样产生的呢?③事实上，癌细胞和正常细胞一样，它们是同源而生的不同结果。

人体任何癌症也都是由细胞组成的，肿瘤体积的长大就是由于细胞不断分裂，数目增多而形成的。

1个细胞分裂为2个细胞，2个分裂为4个，4个分裂为8个……由此可见，身体内癌细胞需要不断地生长，达到一定的数目后，才能够被现代医学检查手段所发现，1厘米大小的肿瘤大约含有109个癌细胞。

而癌细胞在身体内要想不断地生长，就需要有适合它的体内环境和条件，比如营养物质、激素、调解信号传递、基因调控等，这些条件如果不理想或不合适，癌细胞生长也是会受到限制的。

④癌细胞的发展是一个过程，现代研究发现，人体内从一个细胞突变为癌细胞，到形成109个癌细胞大小的肿瘤，需要经过漫长的时间，一般大约在15—20年的时间。

2016年各区二模试题分类汇编基础·运用（默写）【2016 东城二模】7.默写。

（第⑴-⑷题任选两题作答．．．．．．，第⑺题必答．．。

8分）．．．．．．，第⑸-⑹题任选一题作答⑴，今夕是何年。

（苏轼《水调歌头（明月几时有）》）⑵荡胸生曾云，。

（杜甫《望岳》）⑶，民弗从也。

（《曹刿论战》）⑷沙鸥翔集，；岸芷汀兰，郁郁青青。

（范仲淹《岳阳楼记》）⑸每当遇到挫折，有人就会用唐代大诗人李白在《行路难》中的诗句“，”来激励大家：相信自己，终有一天会实现抱负。

⑹每个人心中都有一个理想国。

晋代大诗人陶渊明在《桃花源记》中以老少的精神状态“，”一句，间接表达了他对理想国的认识。

⑺朋友小敏准备参加摄影比赛，他的参赛照片中有落日、河水、沙漠等景色。

小敏希望你能联系古诗词给它拟个雅致的标题。

你由此联想到了哪句古诗（词）？简要说说这幅作品让你联想到这句古诗（词）的原因，并为小敏拟出标题。

（4分）联想到的诗（词）句：①原因：②作品标题：③答案：7.答案：⑴不知天上宫阙⑵决眦入归鸟⑶小惠未徧⑷锦鳞游泳⑸长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。

⑹黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。

⑺示例：①大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆。

②作品中，莽莽黄沙，蜿蜒河道，低垂河面的落日，这壮美景色和诗句所描绘的“宽广的大漠拥抱着悠悠的长河，一轮徘徊欲坠的红日显得格外浑圆”的景象相契合。

③大漠落日。

评分：共8分。

第⑴-⑷题共2分，第⑸-⑹题共2分，每空1分，错一字该空不得分。

第⑺题，共4分，诗句1分，原因2分，标题1分。

【2016 西城二模】5．默写（共3分）（1）不应有恨，？（苏轼《水调歌头》）（1分）（2）《次北固山下》一诗中表现时序交替，暗示时光流逝的句子是，。

（2分）6．如果去绍兴参观鲁迅故居，你会发现那里满眼是绿色，白墙的底部和台阶的边角上有着片片绿藓，从简朴的小屋向外望去，院中芳草依依。

身处此情此景，你会想到哪两句古文？请将其默写在答题卡上，再说说你为什么会想到这两句古文。

2016年各区二模试题分类汇编现代文阅读2【2016 海淀二模】（二）阅读《不能共存的节日》，完成第13-16题。

（14分）不能共存的节日一1961年4月12日，拜克努尔航天基地。

谢尔盖〃科罗廖夫站在被烧黑的发射架旁，抬头看看蓝天，在那看不到的太空中，人类第一名宇航员已经绕地球飞行了大半圈。

‚总设计师同志，请接受一个普通人的祝贺！‛科罗廖夫回过头来，看到一个身穿工作服的中年男人对他伸出手来，从服装看他是基地级别最低的工人。

科罗廖夫握了他的手。

那人从裤子口袋中掏出一个瓶子，又从另一个口袋摸出一个小金属酒杯，‚我们得喝一杯，总设计师同志，可我只有一个杯子。

‛他咬开瓶盖给杯子倒满酒。

科罗廖夫接过那个脏兮兮的杯子。

他现在已经疾病缠身，不适合喝酒；再说在这个伟大的时刻，他完全可以无视这个人，但科罗廖夫这时可以怠慢官员和将军，却不会无视这个最底层的人——在西伯利亚的那些年，他的身份比这人还低。

那人拿着瓶子与总设计师碰了一下杯，然后猛灌一口。

‚在这个伟大的时刻，您能允许我讲个笑话来庆祝吗？‛科罗廖夫也喝干了杯子里的酒，伏特加像火箭燃料似的把热乎乎的感觉传遍全身。

‚谢谢，你的笑话？‛总设计师微笑着问。

‚我是一个外星人，您就叫我……G吧，我来地球考察，我的兴趣是地球的重要节日。

‛‚哦，那你的收获一定不小，只要你调查的范围足够广，地球的每一天可能都是节日。

‛‚我之前进行了大量的考察和研究，事实上，真正的重要节日我一个都没有发现。

‛‚圣诞节不重要吗？‛‚当然不，尤其对唯物主义者而言。

‛‚那新年呢？‛‚也不重要，这颗行星又公转了一圈而已。

‛‚那你认为的重大节日是什么呢？‛科罗廖夫有些①（心不在焉心有余悸），他转身向不远处的军用吉普走去，他要回控制中心了，‚东方号‛飞船即将开始减速，开始载入过程。

‚比如说分裂节。

‛‚什么？‛‚地球上生命细胞的第一次分裂，当然那是很久以前的事了……‛正要上车的科罗廖夫停下来，扶着车门回头看着G。

2016-2017北京各区高三二模汇编（微写作、写作）学生版东城二模五、本大题共2小题，共58分。

26．微写作（8分）从下面三个题目中任选一题，按要求作答。

不超过150字。

①阅读整本书，与阅读零散的篇目相比，会有不同的收获。

请结合你的学习经历，写一则短文，向刚入学的高一同学介绍自己阅读整本书的体会。

要求：所写的体会具体、切实、易记忆。

②临近高考，有些同学觉得晚上学习效率高，所以常采用开夜车复习的方法。

针对这种做法，请你写一段规劝的话。

要求：态度友善，有说服力。

③请以“凝望”为题，写一首小诗或一段抒情文字。

要求：语言有文采。

27．作文（50分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，按要求作答。

不少于700字。

①《四世同堂》中钱先生说“一朵花，长在树上，才有它的美丽”，这句话揭示了生活中很多现象背后的道理。

请以“花儿为什么这样美丽”为题，写一篇议论文。

要求：观点明确，论据充分，论证合理。

②科技日新月异，改变着人们的生活，也改变着人们的学习方式。

二十年后，语文课可能发生怎样的变化？请展开想象，以“二十年后的语文课堂”为题，写一篇记叙文。

要求：描写有画面感，内容注意合理性。

西城二模海淀二模朝阳二模五、本大题共2小题，共62分。

23．微写作。

（12分）从下面三个题目中任选一题，按要求作答。

不超过150字。

①“成人礼”是高三学生成长过程中的一道风景。

某学校为确定一次“成人礼”的主题，在责任、感恩、梦想、拼搏……等主题词中反复推敲，难以决断。

请你帮助选定一个主题词，并阐述选择它的理由。

②提到吃，每一个人可能都会有深刻的记忆。

请描写一个“吃”的画面，要求内容具体，语言生动形象。

③在你读过的作家中，总有一个作家是自己心仪的，请以“致××”为题（如“致鲁迅”），给他（她）写一首小诗，或给他（她）写一段抒情文字。

24．作文。

（50分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，按要求作文。

不少于700字。

①《母亲与小鱼》一文中写道，“据说那个人常有许许多多的忽略，连母亲的歌喉、美貌，都险些被他忽略”。

上海市各区县2016届初三二模语文试卷分类汇编议论文阅读专题杨浦区（一）阅读下文，完成第15-18题（18分）学会赏识①赏识，是一个人心境磊落、视野舒朗的表现;也是一个人才智敏锐，气度从容的凸现。

赏识，是为人之道，不懂赏识，不愿赏识，人与人之间往往就多了一份挑剔，少了一份欣赏;多了一份苛求，少了一份呵护。

于是乎就像医生对患者一样，执着的“诊断”他人身上的不足、过失、缺点、毛病和错误，于是乎便有了冷眼、批评、讽刺以致呵斥，最终结出的苦果便是信任的折损、亲和力的丧失……②人人都应该学会赏识，须知“人性最深层的需求就是渴望别人的欣赏”（威廉.杰姆斯语）。

而且随着阅历的增加，这种“渴望”会变得更加深沉而炽烈。

你的一个信任的微笑、一个肯定的颔首、一个激励的眼神、一句鼓舞人心的话语，可以为他人驱散积聚在心底的自卑的阴影，可以为他人找回失落已久的宝贵的自尊，可以为他人校正前进的方向，可以为他人唤醒早已尘封的潜质、潜能，可以为他人诱发心中创作冲动的萌芽。

③赏识在于心态的调整，赏识生长在自由和谐的空气里，生长在亲切平视的目光中。

赏识弃绝“祖师爷”和“裁判官”的心理羁绊，以平和宽广的心境、宽厚接纳的态度，去聆听灵魂深处质朴纯彻的心语，去捕捉稍纵即逝的创作灵光。

④赏识在于角度的转换，万事万物，各有其长;远近高低，各呈其姿。

于人于物，其正面或许并非那样靓丽可人，其侧面则可能是一幅优美的剪影;或者其外表还是稚嫩、丑陋、拙笨、顽劣的壳，其内部蕴含的却是成熟、美丽、新异、灵动的核，我们何妨换个角度看一看，何妨拐个弯子想一想?⑤赏识在于标准的择取，美丑、好坏、优劣、成败、是非都是相比较而存在的。

追求崇高和完美本无可厚非，但苛求崇高和完美则大可怀疑。

用神的标准测量凡人，用完美的标准去审度他人，赏识便会失去家园。

只要我们降低一些标准去看待他人，值得赏识的东西便会扑面而来：闪光的道德、妙异的智慧、纯美的人情……⑥赏识不是单向的施舍，是智慧与智慧的主动碰撞;赏识不是别有用心的廉价恭维，而是对一种相对价值的公正认可;赏识不是谀词满口的鄙俗奉承，而是对事物固有魅力力的真诚接纳。

2016-2017北京各区高三二模汇编（微写作、写作）教师版东城二模五、本大题共2小题，共58分。

26．微写作（8分）从下面三个题目中任选一题，按要求作答。

不超过150字。

①阅读整本书，与阅读零散的篇目相比，会有不同的收获。

请结合你的学习经历，写一则短文，向刚入学的高一同学介绍自己阅读整本书的体会。

要求：所写的体会具体、切实、易记忆。

②临近高考，有些同学觉得晚上学习效率高，所以常采用开夜车复习的方法。

针对这种做法，请你写一段规劝的话。

要求：态度友善，有说服力。

③请以“凝望”为题，写一首小诗或一段抒情文字。

要求：语言有文采。

27．作文（50分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，按要求作答。

不少于700字。

①《四世同堂》中钱先生说“一朵花，长在树上，才有它的美丽”，这句话揭示了生活中很多现象背后的道理。

请以“花儿为什么这样美丽”为题，写一篇议论文。

要求：观点明确，论据充分，论证合理。

②科技日新月异，改变着人们的生活，也改变着人们的学习方式。

二十年后，语文课可能发生怎样的变化？请展开想象，以“二十年后的语文课堂”为题，写一篇记叙文。

要求：描写有画面感，内容注意合理性。

五、本大题共2小题，共58分。

26.（8分）略27.（50分）略西城二模海淀二模朝阳二模五、本大题共2小题，共62分。

23．微写作。

（12分）从下面三个题目中任选一题，按要求作答。

不超过150字。

①“成人礼”是高三学生成长过程中的一道风景。

某学校为确定一次“成人礼”的主题，在责任、感恩、梦想、拼搏……等主题词中反复推敲，难以决断。

请你帮助选定一个主题词，并阐述选择它的理由。

②提到吃，每一个人可能都会有深刻的记忆。

请描写一个“吃”的画面，要求内容具体，语言生动形象。

③在你读过的作家中，总有一个作家是自己心仪的，请以“致××”为题（如“致鲁迅”），给他（她）写一首小诗，或给他（她）写一段抒情文字。

24．作文。

（50分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，按要求作文。

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Scientists Detect Gravitational WavesWhat is gravitational waves(引力波)? Scientists havefor the first time observed ripples in the fabric of space time(时空涟漪) called gravitational waves, arriving at the earthfrom a severely destructive event in the distant universe. Itconfirms a major prediction of Albert Einstein‘s 1915 generaltheory of relativity and opens a unique new window onto theuniverse, according to a group of scientists at a press conference in Washington on Thursday.―This is truly scientific moonshot. We did it. We landed on the moon,‖ declared David Reitz, executive director of the LIGO Laboratory at Caltech, at the conference in the National Press Club.According to the National Science Foundation (NSF) experts, gravitational waves carry information about their dramatic origins and about the nature of gravity that cannot be obtained from elsewhere. Physicists have concluded that the detected gravitational waves were produced during the final fraction of a second(千分之一秒) of the combination of two black holes to produce a single, much bigger turning black hole. This fierce shock of two black holes had been predicted but never observed by NSF.The gravitational waves were detected on Sept 14, 2015 at 5:51 am EDT by both of the twin Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) detectors, located in Livingston, Louisiana, and Hanford, Washington.Based on the observed signals, LIGO scientists estimate that the black holes for this event were about 29 and 36 times the weight of the sun, and the event took place 1.3 billion years ago.About three times the weight of the sun was changed into gravitational waves in a fraction of a second -- with a peak power output about 50 times that of the whole visible universe. By looking at the time of arrival of the signals -- the detector in Livingston recorded the event 7 milliseconds (毫秒) before the detector in Hanford -- scientists can say that the source was located in the Southern Hemisphere, according to a press release from NSF, which funded the research.This new LIGO discovery is the first observation of gravitational waves themselves, made by measuring the tiny disturbances the waves make to space and time as they pass through the earth. ―Our observation of gravitational waves accomplishes an ambitious goal set out over five decades ago to directly detect this puzzling phenomenon and better understand the universe, and, properly, fulfills Einstein‘s prediction on the 100th anniversary of his general theory of relativity,‖ Reitze said.74. By saying ―This is truly scientific moonshot. We did it. We landed on the moon,‖ what doesDavid Reitz mean?A. We humans truly landed on the moon this time.B. The theory of relativity was not proved until today.C. Gravitational waves arrived at the earth in the end.D. Scientists successfully observed gravitational waves.75. What do NSF experts talk about in the third paragraph?A. Gravitational waves carry information about the origins of nature.B. The nature of gravity cannot be obtained from gravitational waves.C. The combination of two black holes can produce a single, much bigger turning black hole.D. Gravitational waves only appear at the final fraction of a second of the shock of two black holes.76. According to the observed signals, LIGO scientists find out that ______.A. the two black holes which brought about this event were much bigger than the sunB. about three times the weight of the sun became gravitational waves in this eventC. the event produced by the observed signals took place 1.3 billion years agoD. the peak power output was about 50 times that of the whole universe77. From this passage, a conclusion can be drawn that ______.A. gravitational waves can make disturbances to space and timeB. Einstein predicted the observed gravitational waves in the universeC. gravitational waves is not a puzzling phenomenon to the world any moreD. this new LIGO discovery was made to test the general theory of relativityKeys: 74-77: DCBASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)When I returned to the common, the sun was setting. The crowd around the hole had increased, and stood out black against the lemon yellow of the sky—a couple of hundred people, perhaps. There were really, I should think, two or three hundred people elbowing one another, the one or two ladies there being by no means the least active. ―He‘s fallen in the hole!‖ cried someone. ―Keep back!‖ said several. The crowd moved a little, and I elbowed my way through. Everyone seemed greatly excited. I heard a peculiar humming sound from the hole.―I say!‖said Ogilvy; ―help keep these idiots back. We don‘t know what‘s in the puzzling thing, you know!‖The end of the cylinder(圆柱体) was being screwed out from within. I turned, and as I did so the screw（螺丝钉）must have come out, for the lid of the cylinder fell upon the ground with a ringing shock. For a moment that circular cavity seemed perfectly black. I had the sunset in my eyes.I think everyone expected to see a man emerge—possibly something a little unlike us earthly men, but in all essentials a man. But, looking, I presently saw something exciting within the shadow: clumsy movements, one above another, and then two disc-like eyes. Then something resembling a grey snake, about the thickness of a walking stick, climbed up out of the twistingmiddle, and moved in the air towards me—and then another.A sudden chill came over me. I stood frightened and staring. A big grayrounded bulk, the size, perhaps, of a bear, was rising slowly and painfully out of the cylinder. As it bulged up and caught the light, it looked like wet leather.Anyone who has never seen a living Martian can scarcely imagine the strange horror of its appearance. The peculiar V-shaped mouth with its pointed upper lip, the absence of brow ridges, the Gorgon groups of tentacles(触手), the unstable breathing of the lungs in a strange atmosphere, the evident heaviness and painfulness of movement due to the greater gravitational energy of the earth—above all, the extraordinary intensity of the huge eyes, which was unforgettable—were at once vital, intense, inhuman,and monstrous. There was something fungoid in the oily brown skin, something in the clumsy deliberation of the tedious movements unspeakably nasty.Even at this first encounter, this first glimpse, I was overcome with disgust and dread.73. Why was the crowd ―elbowing one another‖ according to paragraph 1?A. There were no officials to control them.B. They were curious and wanted to get a good view of the hole.C. They were angry and trying to push people into the hole.D. They were trying to get away from the hole in fear.74. The Martian shocked the narrator because__________.A. it did not look like the other Martians that had arrived earlierB. it arrived on Earth in a strange and nasty-looking cylinderC. it was moving surprisingly slowly for a MartianD. like most people, he had thought it would resemble a human75. A“sudden chill”（paragraph 5）came over the narrator because________.A. the Martian was heading directly towards the crowdB. a cold tentacle had almost reached the narratorC. he saw the Martian‘s terrifying features as it climbed out of the cylinderD. the sun had set and he suddenly noticed the night-time chill76. What did the narrator find most impressive about the creature?A. The horrible shape of its mouth and face.B. Its long and strange tentacles.C. The way it moved in the Earth‘s atmosphere.D. Its unusual large and intense eyes.77. The description of the Martians implies that they are _______.A. cute and charmingB. friendly and cooperativeC. frightening and probably dangerousD. ugly but unluckily misunderstoodKeys: 73-77 BDCDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)In the 1990s, when an area of Brazilian rainforest the size ofBelgium was cut down every year, Brazil was the world‘senvironmental villain(反派角色) and the Amazonian jungle theimage of everything that was going wrong in green places. Now,the Amazon ought to be the image of what is going right.Government figures show that deforestation fell by 70% in theBrazilian Amazon region during the past decade. If clearances had continued at their rate in 2005, an extra 3.2 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide would have been put into the atmosphere. That is an amount equal to a year‘s emissions from the European Union.Arguably, then, Brazil is now the world leader in addressing climate change.But how did it break the vicious cycle(恶性循环)? The answer, according to a paper is that there was no silver bullet but instead a three-stage process in which bans, better governance infrontier areas and consumer pressure on companies worked.The first stage ran from the mid-1990s to 2004. This was when the government put its efforts into bans and restrictions. The Brazilian Forest Code said that, on every farm in the Amazon, 80% of the land had to be set aside as a forest reserve. As the study observes, this share was so high that the code could not be followed—or enforced. This was the period of the worst deforestation. Soybean prices were high and there was a vast expansion of soybean farming on the south-eastern border of the rainforest.During the second stage, which ran from 2005 to 2009, the government tried to boost its ability to police the Amazon. Brazil‘s president made stopping deforestation a priority, which resulted in better co-operation between different bits of the government. The area in which farming was banned was increased from a sixth to nearly half of the forest.The third stage, which began in 2009, was a test of whether a system of restrictions could survive as soybean expansion continued. The government shifted its focus from farms to counties (each state has scores of these). Farmers in the 36 counties with the worst deforestation rates were banned from getting cheap credit until those rates fell.By any standards, Brazil‘s Amazon policy has been a success, made the more remarkable because it relied on restrictions rather than rewards, which might have been expected to have worked better. Over the period of the study, Brazil also turned itself into a farming superpower, so the country has shown it is possible to get a huge increase in food output without destroying the forest. Moreover, the policies so far have been successful among commercial farmers who care about the law and respond to market pressures. Most remaining deforestation is by smallholders who care rather less about these things, so the government faces the problem of persuading them to change their ways, too. Deforestation has been slowed, but not yet stopped.73. Brazil is considered to play a leading role in dealing with climate change because ______.A. it has rainforest as large as BelgiumB. it has cut down too much rainforestC. it has taken action to reduce deforestationD. it sent 3.2 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the air74. The underlined phrase ―silver bullet‖ in Paragraph 2 most probably refers to______.A. a powerful weaponB. an effective solutionC. an intelligent deviceD. a golden opportunity75. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. 80% of the farmland was allowed for farming in the 1st stage.B. Soybean prices went up where farming land was expanded.C. The government hired more policemen in the Amazon area.D. The government enlarged its range of supervision in the 3rd stage.76. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Brazil has successfully eliminated deforestation.B. All the farmers care much about forest protection.C. Small farm holders are a headache for the Brazilian government.D. Both the food output and the forest in Brazil have greatly increased.77. What can be the best title of the passage?A. Cutting Down on Cutting DownB. Brazil, the World Leader in FarmingC. Restrictions Outperforming RewardsD. Former Awareness Working WondersKeys: 73-77 CBDCASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses the constant whir(嗡嗡声)of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球), once processed enough grain to meet theneeds of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia‘s rice crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice –from sheep farming, the country‘s other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought‘s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is starting to affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages – for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb. ―There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,‖ said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice – although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. ―I‘m not as negative as most people,‖ said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. ―Farmers are learning how to do things differently.‖Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. ―Rice is anessential food,‖ said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. ―Wine is not.‖73. By ―the mothballing of the mill‖ (in Paragraph 1) the author most probably means the mill is______.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round74. To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are ______.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. buildinggreenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes inChina which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most peoplelook on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate changes have simply brought negative effects to people‘s livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia77. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, theenemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attentionKeys: 73-77 BADDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Women are still underrepresented in top academic positions. One of the possible explanations for this is the increasing importance of obtaining research funding. Women are often less successful in this than men. Psychology researchers Dr. Romy van der Lee and professor Naomi Ellemers investigated whether this difference also occurs at the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and examined potential explanations.The researchers were assigned by NWO to carry out this study as part of the broader evaluation of NWO's procedures and its gender diversity policy. The aim was to gain more insight into the causes of the differences in awarding rates for male and female applicants for research funding. The analysis addressed an important ―talent programme‖ of NWO, the Veni grant. ―Whoever receives this grant has a greater chance of obtaining an important appointment at a university,‖ says Naomi Ellemers.Van der Lee and Ellemers investigated all the applications submitted by male and female researchers over a period of three years: a total of 2823 applications. Under the direction of NWO these applications were assessed by scientific committees consisting of men and women. The results demonstrate that the awarding rates for female applicants (14.9%) are systematically lower than those for male applicants (17.7%). ―If we compare the proportion of women among the applicants with the proportion of women among those awarded funding, we see a loss of 4%,‖ said Ellemers.The study reveals that women are less positively evaluated for their qualities as researcher than men are. ―Interestingly the research proposals of women and men are evaluated equally positively. In other words, the reviewers see no difference in the quality of the proposals that men and wome n submit,‖ says Romy van der Lee.In search for a possible cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations, the researchers also investigated the language use in the instructions and forms used to assess the quality of applications. This clearly revealed the occurrence of gendered language. The words that are used to indicate quality are frequently words that were established in previous research as referring mainly to the male gender stereotype (such as challenging and excellent). Romy van der Lee explains: ―As a result, it appears that men more easily satisfy the assessment criteria, becausethese better fit the characteristics stereotypically associated with men.‖In response to the results of this research, NWO will devote more attention to the gender awareness of reviewers in its methods and procedures. It will also be investigated which changes to the assessment procedures and criteria can most strongly contribute to more equal chances for men and women to obtain research funding. This will include an examination of the language used by NWO. NWO chair Jos Engelens said, ―The research has yielded valuable results and insights. Based on the recommendations made by the researchers we will therefore focus in the coming period on the development of evidence-based measures to reduce the difference in awarding rates.‖74. Van der Lee and Ellemers carried out the research to find out whether ____________.A. women are less successful than men in top academic positionsB. female applicantsare at a disadvantage in getting research fundingC. NOW‘s procedures and gender diversity policy enhance fair playD. there are equal chances for men and women to be admitted to a university75. Van der Lee and Ellemers‘ study shows that _____________.A. grant receivers were more likely to get appointments at universitiesB. men applicantsfor research funding outnumbered women applicantsC. the research proposals of women are equally treated with those of menD. the reviewers have narrow, prejudiced conceptions of women candidates76. What might be the main cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations?A. The wordsused in the instructions and forms.B. T he reviewers‘ preference to applications.C. The methods and procedures for evaluation.D. The vague and unclear assessment criteria.77. What will NWO probably do next in response to the results of this research?A. Eliminate possibilities for difference in awarding rates.B. Design a language examination for all the reviewers.C. Emphasize the importance of gender awareness.D. Improve the assessment procedures and criteria.Keys: 74-77 BCADSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists(女权主义者) showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women‘s organizations assembled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence (通信), newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women‘s history in the United States, one at the Eliz abeth and ArthurSchlesinger Library at RadclifféCollege, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later generations of historians.Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women conformed to the ―great women‖ theory of history, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on ―great men‖. To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women‘s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.74. What is the passage mainly about?A. The role of literature in early American histories.B. The place of American women in written histories.C. The keen sense of history shown by American women.D. The ―great women‖ approach to history used by American historians.75. In the 1st paragraph, Bradstreet, Warren, and Adams are mentioned to show that ________.A. a woman‘s status was changed by marriageB. even the contributions of outstanding women were ignoredC. only three women were able to get their writing publishedD. poetry produced by women was more readily accepted than other writing by women76. In the 2nd paragraph, what weakness in 19th-century histories does the author point out?A. They put too much emphasis on daily activities.B. They left out discussion of the influence of money on politics.C. They were printed on poor-quality paper.D. The sources of the information they were based on were not necessarily accurate.77. What use was made of the 19th-century women‘s history materials in the Schlesinge rLibrary and the Sophia Smith Collection?A. They were combined and published in a multivolume encyclopedia.B. They formed the basis of college courses in the nineteenth century.C. They provided valuable information for twentieth-century historical researchers.D. They were shared among women‘s colleges throughout the United States.Keys: 74-77 BBDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem totally impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands (腺体) and so the chemistry of her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar。

2016各区二模试题分类汇编根据题目，按要求写作【东城】25.从下面两个题目中任选一题．．．．，写一篇文章。

（40分）【题目一】我们的国旗，自诞生以来，就激励了无数国人：中国科考队将国旗插向极风凛冽、一片荒芜的南极大陆；我国首位太空人杨利伟乘着神舟五号飞船，将国旗携入太空；运动员们在国际赛场上奋力拼搏，身披国旗登上领奖台；每到国庆日，国旗飘扬在北京的大街小巷；我们迎着朝阳，仰望国旗在操场上冉冉升起……请以“国旗”为题，写一篇文章。

【题目二】请在“如果是”中的横线处填上恰当的词语，构成你的题目。

要求：⑴将所选题目抄写在答题卡上。

⑵不限文体（诗歌除外）。

⑶字数在600-800之间。

⑷不要出现所在学校的校名或师生姓名。

【西城】（二）根据题目，按要求写作。

（40分）24.从下面两个题目中任选一题．．．．，写一篇文章。

题目一：《现代汉语词典》中对“记号”一词的解释是“为引起注意，帮助识别、记忆而做成的标记”，请以“的记号”为题，补全标题，写一篇文章。

题目二：阅读，常常也是“悦读”。

读书，读自然，读社会，读人生……这些都可以是一种愉悦的经历，让我们获得某种美好的感受。

请以“悦读”为题，写一篇文章。

要求：⑴选择题目一，将标题补全后抄写在答题卡上；选择题目二，直接将题目抄写在答题卡上。

⑵不限文体（诗歌除外）。

⑶字数在600～800之间。

⑷不要出现所在学校的校名或师生姓名。

【海淀】（二）根据题目，按要求写作。

（40分）18.从下面两个题目中任选一题．．．．，写一篇文章。

题目一：“河流唱着歌很快的游去，冲破所有的堤防。

但是山峰却留在那里，忆念着，满怀依依之情。

——泰戈尔”请你以“依依之情”为题目，写一篇文章。

题目二：孙思邈让我们明白：矢志不移可以成就伟大；莱斯告诉我们：理想与现实的冲突不一定就是灾难。

现实生活中，你可以坚持初心，因为天道酬勤；也可以改弦易辙，因为柳暗花明；是坚持还是放弃，关键在于认识自己。

请你以“初心”为题目，写一篇文章。

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Asia TEFL and the Far Eastern English Language Teachers’ Association 14th Asia TEFL International Conference and 11th FEELTA International Conference invite proposals for their joint conference on language teaching and learning:“Connecting Professionally on ELT in Asia:Crossing the Bridge to Excellence”to be held on 30 June – 2 July, 2016 atThe Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, RussiaCALL FOR PRESENTATIONSConference DescriptionThe 14th Asia TEFL and 11th FEELTA international conference places emphasis on working towards special skills or knowledge in English Language Teaching through being connected professionally in Asia and worldwide. Professional networks link teachers from a variety of educational contexts, helping to develop research, advance skills and update knowledge. We invite educators, scholars and policy makers to cooperate and share teaching theories, excellent teaching ideas and relevant practices.The meaning of the ―bridge‖ in our theme is inspired by the place of the confere nce. The university campus is located on Russky Island ―across the bridge‖ from the mainland. It also refers to new horizons and perspectives in the field of ELT that we discover when we ―cross the bridge‖Conference SubtopicsWe invite papers on the following subtopics in ELT:●ELT curriculum and design●Materials writing●Teacher education and professional development●Teaching literature and the arts●Interpreting and translation●Global Issues in Language EducationTypes of PresentationsAll presentations will be given in English. Presenters are encouraged to hand in full papers of their presentation to the Journal of Asia TEFL to be considered for publication.●Papers: 30 minutes●Workshops: 60 minutes●Poster presentations: displayed all day ---- presenters are expected to stand by their postersready to explain and discuss them, for 60 minutes.●Group discussions: 90 minutesProposal Submission (提交)Materials to be submitted:● a title of up to ten words●an abstract of not more than 200 words● a self-introduction of not more than 60 wordsAll proposals must be submitted online through the link: http://feelta.wl.dvfu.ru/asiatefl-feelta-2016●Presentation submission opens: November 1, 2015●Deadline for submission: February 29, 2016Questions about proposal submission can be addressed to Larisa Krainik, Abstract Committee Chair:feeltacon@70. What does the expression ―Crossing the Bridge to Excellence‖ in the title imply?B. the process from knowledge to skills on language teaching and learning.C. inviting proposals about new horizons and perspectives in the field of ELT.D. Coming from every country in the world to the Far Eastern Federal University.71. The joint international conference will be held to ______.A. be connected professionally in Asia and worldwideB. call for presentations of the educators, scholars and policy makersC. work towards special skills or knowledge in English Language TeachingD. provide a chance for teachers to cooperate and share theories, ideas and practices72. According tothe passage, what can be learned from the conference?A. How to achieve good results in the English exams.B. Effective communication skills among teachers.C. How to helpteachers to share research skills.D. Effective teaching approaches and theories.73. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. the presentations are most likely to have been published during the conferenceB. all presentations must be submitted formally online within the required timeC. presenters can only choose to take part in one of the types of presentationsD. presentations are requiredto be explained to the participants publiclySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)70. If you wish to complete two tours in one day, you would probably choose________.A. Sunshine Coast and Montville Tour and Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary TourB. Brisbane City Morning Tour and Brisbane Highlights with Koala Sanctuary TourC. Brisbane City Morning Tour and Sunshine Coast and Noosa TourD. Sunshine Coast and Noosa Tour and Sunshine Coast and Montville Tour71. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Visitors may learn the colonial history of Brisbane River from Kangaroo Point Cliffs.B. Visitors may have a close look at animals in Sunshine Coast and Noosa Tour.C. If you want to visit Underwater World, you may choose Brisbane City Morning Tour.D. If 2 adults and 2 children, aged 3 and 9, attend tour B410, they should pay $ 281.72. What is the tone of this tour guide information booklet?A. Welcoming and humorous.B. Warm and inviting.C. Modest and initiative.D. Casual and compulsory.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)70. According to Miss Manners, the proper way to deal with a kid asking for gifts is _______.A. to ignore the kid’s request for giftsB. to scold the kid for asking for presentsC. to tell kids gift giving is voluntary and two-wayD. to advise the kid’s mum to teach him proper manners71. Which of the following does Miss Manners advise you to do at a party?A. Suggest guests arriving during the event.B. Directly remind guests to leave at a proper time.C. Inform guests of both starting and finishing hours.D. Give guests clear hint when they should leave the party.72. In witch part of a newspaper can you find this passage?A. Advice Section.B. Live Chats Section.C. Entertainment Section.D. Classified Ads Section.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language andBritish culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford,a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week courseup to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)fullboard(全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP coursesin addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teacherswe expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the coursewe tailor courses to each group’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!70. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A.Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.71. Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ______.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 2072. The purpose of this writing is to ______.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP coursesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Edinburgh– the fourth most beautiful city in theworldHere are some of our favourite spots for eating, sightseeing and shopping.Need inspiration?Scott Monument This remarkable Gothic building was built in memory of the life and work of Sir Walter S cott. Climb the 287 steps to the top and you’ll be rewardedwith some pretty special views.History lovers?Edinburgh Castle looks over the city skyline from Castle Rock. You can take a tour (human or audio) or just wander through it with a map. Listenout for the One o’clock Gun –it fires every day except Sunday. At oneo'clock. Obviously.Time your trains With cheap train tickets to Edinburgh to coincideFeeling hungry?A satisfying dinner:With ingredients carefully sourced from local growers, plus home-grown fresh fruits and edible flowers, Timberyard has favourable reviews.A light lunch: Thomson’s Bar claims to serve ―the best steak pie in Edinburgh‖, to matchwith real beer (it’s in the Good Beer Guide) and enough whiskies (威士忌酒) to take up a whole page on the drinks menu.ShoppingcentrePrinces Street: You’ll find all your favourites on Edinburgh’s main shopping drag, Princes Street. There’s M&S, Gap and Waterstones and also a bit of a retaillandmark in the shape of Jenners department store.Harvey Nichols: A byword(代名词) for luxury, Harvey Nicks is loved by the fashion pack.Gucci, Victoria Beckham and Marc Jacobs will try to separate you fromyour cash.Hidden EdinburghEdinburgh’s deepest secret (literally) is a network of underground streets, which you can tour with a guide. Try ―The Real Mary King’s Close‖ to uncover some of the myths and mysteries as to how the street, once open to the skies, found itself underground.Need trains to Edinburgh? We‟ll get you sorted…70. Where can visitors enjoy a full view of the city in Edinburgh?A. Scott Monument.B. Edinburgh Castle.C. Timberyard.D. The Real Mary King’s Close.71. While shopping in Edinburgh, we may find that ___________.A. Princes Street is the place where celebrities go shoppingB. Edinburgh’s main shopping drag is extremely expensiveC. many high-end brands can be found in Harvey NicholsD. one cannot pay in cash when shopping in Harvey Nichols72. The underlined word“edible”is closest in meaning to _____________.A. beautifulB. eatableC. visibleD. delicate73. This page is most likely to be found at ___________.A. /en-hk/destinations/edinburgh/flights-to-edinburghB. https:///en/tour-scotland/one-day-tours-scotland-from-edinburghC. https:///our-destinations/edinburgh-overviewD. /discover/about-the-castleSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United Statesand in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (资产)(such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials before export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations (种植园), rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable(可通航的) streams and each had a wharf(码头) accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).69. The word ―they‖ in the 1st paragraph refers to ________.A. North American coloniesB. citiesC. centuriesD. town economies70. During colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared ________ for shipment toEurope.A. manufacturing equipmentB. capital goodsC. consumer goodsD. raw materials71. The growth of southern cities was influenced by the following aspects of the plantationsystem EXCEPT ________.A.the relationships between plantation residents and city residentsB. the access of plantation owners to shippingC. the location of the plantationsD. the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations72. In the 3rd paragraph, the phrase ―antagonistic to‖is closest in meaning to ________.A. opposed toB. in favor ofC. based onD. tied to73. What is the passage mainly about?A. Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.B. Trade between North American and European cities.C. The evolution of cities in North America.D. The effects of the United Sates’ independence on urban growth in New England.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.BLearn To Speak French With Rocket French!Who Wants to Learn to Speak French Fluently in the Shortest Possible Time? If You Answered “I Do!” Then Please Read on to Try My FREE 6-Day French Course.Why do you want to learn to speak French?★Do you live in a French-speaking country and want to communicate better?★Are you traveling to a French-speaking country?★Are you a home-schooled student or a parent who wants your children to learn more quickly and easily?★Are you a student who wants to get an A in French?★Have you learned French before and want a fun refresher course?Or, perhaps you just have an interest in learning the language of love!I’ve designed Rocket French Premium to be the easiest to follow, fastest system for learning how to speak French available. Rocket French Premium is an interactive course that makes you want to study. Also, it’s practical. You are going to be able to speak at a restaurant, at an airport, and with new friends!It’s a great experience to be able to speak with others in a different language. You will be able to enter into a different culture, a different world! Being bilingual is a very special ability, and it’s a gift that we want to give to you.So are you ready to get to know the secret of learning a new language? You’re looking right at it.Try our free six-day course. If you don’t, you’ll be missing a valuable opportunity to see just how much Rocket French Premium can improve your language level. Thousands of people worldwide have used our unique multimedia course to fast-track their French learning, while having piles of fun in the process. Will you be next?Your e-mail address is required for you to receive the FREE course. You can unsubscribe any time and your e-mail address will never be given to any third party.70. Who are target learners of Rocket French Premium?A. Students of French language.B. Language experts doing research into French.C. Teachers who are eager to improve their students’ French.D. Parents who want their children to learn French more quickly and easily.71. Rocket French Premium describes itself as ______.A. free and funnyB. practical and interactiveC. slow but efficientD. suitable for everyone72. The underlined word‖ fast-track‖ probably m eans _______ .A. speed upB. pick upC. influenceD. change73. According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. A complete Rocket French course lasts for 6 days.B. Thousands of people worldwide have benefited from Rocket French Premium.C. People will enroll in Rocket French Premium for different reasons, but everyone will begiven a gift eventually.D. Rocket French Premium mainly aims to introduce second-language learners to Frenchculture.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.∙TAKE PARTTHE GAMES RIO DE JANEIRO TICKETS︾TORCH︾NEWS︾MORE︾∙News/ News∙25/05/2015 Updated on February, 18th, 2016, 16:11 Follow the race to qualify for the Rio 2016 Olympic Games As competition to reach the first Olympic Games in South America hots up, lists the countries and athletes who have booked their placesMedals will be fought for in 42 sport disciplines at the Rio 2016 Olympic GamesAthletes and teams from more than 200 countries are battling for places at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. All over the world, qualification tournaments are taking place, while athletes are striving to rise up the world rankings or record the marks necessary to compete in Rio next year.This article will be regularly updated to report the confirmed results of the qualifying competitions in the 42 sports that will feature in the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. Just click on the sports you are interested in to see the information drop down. (Qualification systems attached) is not an absolute authority on qualification for the Olympic and Paralympic Games ( 残奥会), which is an ongoing process. Final places will only be confirmed in July 2016 (for the Olympic Games) and August 2016 ( for the Paralympic Games ). The qualification systems are defined by each sport‟s respective International Federation and the International Olympic Committee or International Paralympic Committee ( IOC OR IPC ), and are subject to change. When an athlete or team wins a quota( 配额；指标) place for their nation, the final decision on whether this …slot‟ is used and which athletes are sent is taken by the respective National Olympic Committee or National Paralympic Committee (NOC or NPC). Even when athletes win a …nominal‟ place for themselves, NOCs / NPCs may have to decide who to send if the number of qualified athletes from one country exceeds the quota .ARCHERY ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS ATHLETICS BADMINTONBASKETBALL BEACH VOLLEYBALL BMX CYCLING BOXING> MORE>70. Which of the following is correct according to the web page?A.Athletes and teams are battling for 42 places in qualifying competitions.B.Qualification can be achieved according to the world rankings of the athletes.C.All qualified athletes who have earned places will be sent to the Rio Olympics.D.The qualification system for football is determined by IOC.71. When you click on the sports, you will probably read the following information EXCEPT___________.A.the Olympic qualification system for each of the 42 sportsB.the list of the countries that have qualified for the OlympicsC.the official release of the qualifying competitions resultsD.the world rankings of the athletes in previous years72. Which of the following about ―a quota place for the Olympics‖ is NOT correct?A.Each nation must earn a quota place to send athletes to the Olympic Games.B.It is possible that unplaced athletes will win quota places for the Olympic Games.C. A quota place guarantees the athlete who earns it will be competing in theOlympic Games.D.Each National Olympic Committee makes the final decision on which athlete to fill thequota.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）missionary work of St Patrick and his followers, and to his Early ChristianDown.which were recentlyexhibition provides an overview Rising and will explore a selection of themes including how the Rising was reported in local newspapers and its impact on local politics and society.Pre-booking essential.textile(纺织的) pieces, silversmithing and jewellery made by artists living and working in County Down.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Vancouver(温哥华)Natural ResourcesAs a major centre for the global forestry industry, Vancouver is host to many international forestry conferences and events, and the natural home of the massive BC forestry business. Companies such as Canfor and West Fraser Timber Co., the second and third largest lumber（木材）producers in the world, are headquartered in Vancouver. Vancouver is also a major centre for the mining industry.International tradeInternational trade is a key part for Vancouver's economy. The city has Canada's largest port and is one of North America's major gateways for Pan-Pacific（泛太平洋）trade. The Port of Vancouver ranks first in North America in total foreign exports and second on the West Coast in total goods volume.Banking and FinancialThe headquarters for HSBC Canada （汇丰银行）is located in the Financial District in downtown. Canada's third largest commercial entity (实体), Jim Pattison Group is also based in Vancouver.International relationVancouver is a major centre for diplomacy (外交) and foreign relations. Most countries of the world have consulate（领事馆）or general offices in the Central Business District. In fact, many major diplomatic conferences are hosted by the city - including the world famous G7 summit with President Clinton, APEC, and the World Trade Organization. Greenpeace has its world headquarters in the city. Therefore, Vancouver was among the first North American cities to declare itself a Nuclear Weapons Free Zone.TourismTourism is a leading industry to Vancouver. The Whistler-Blackcomb Resort is among the most popular skiing resorts in North America, and will be the site of the downhill events of the 2010 Winter Olympics. Vancouver's beaches, parks, waterfronts, and mountain backdrops and its multi- cultural character attract more and more tourists.FilmVancouver was the source of the sobriquet（绰号）"Hollywood North", for hosting theproduction of about ten percent of Hollywood's movies. Many U.S. television and films series are shot exclusively in Vancouver. This has partly been because of the favourable Canadian dollar exchange rate.70. Which of the following description about Vancouver is NOT true according to the passage?A.The Port of Vancouver ranks first in North America in total foreign exports.B.Vancouver is a film production centre and called ―Hollywood North".C.International forestry conferences and events were held in Vancouver.D.Vancouver is a leading centre for the global agriculture and industry.71. Which of the following organizations or events is not related to Vancouver?A. Jim Pattison GroupB. WHOC. GreenpeaceD. The 2010 Winter Olympics72. If you are a graduate from Shanghai Finance and Economics University, what is it thatwill probably attract you to visit Vancouver?A. Its international trade.B. Its film industry.C. HSBC Canada.D. Its beautiful natural scenery.73. We can infer______ from the part: International relation.A. Vancouver is a major centre for foreign relations.B. Vancouver has hosted many major diplomatic conferences.C. APEC and WTO are headquartered in Vancouver.D. Canada is a peace-loving country.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Care for a zoom-in observation of animals with no bars between you and the observed opposed to ordinary zoos? Where to have close-up encounters with some of the world’s most rare animals.? We are revealing for you:1. Right whales, Bay of Fundy, CanadaNorthern right whales are on the brink of extinction, but survivors arrive in the Bay of Fundy each summer (May through October) to feed east of Grand Manan Island. They are recognized by a broad back and no dorsal fin, which distinguish them from other whales entering the bay. Planning: Whale-watching tours operate out of Digby Neck peninsula on Nova Scotia and nearby islands, such as Brier Island, St. Andrews, Grand Manan Island, and Deer Island.2. Grizzly bears, AlaskaGrizzlies like salmon. In mid-July and again in mid-August, grizzlies make for Alaskan rivers to hook out the fish with their formidable claws. The bears gather in large numbers at rapids and pools, sometimes fighting for the best sites. Brooks Falls in Katmai National Park, and Fish Creek, near Hyder, have viewing platforms.Planning: Most fishing sites are accessed by chartered light aircraft and a hike. Hyder is off the Stewart-Cassiar Highway.3. Monarch butterflies, Sierra Chincua, MexicoEach fall, millions of North American monarch butterflies migrate thousands of miles to the oyamel fir forests of the Transvolcanic Mountain Range, in the state of Michoacán. Theyflockoccupy Sierra Chincua and four neighboring hills that make up the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve.Planning: Chincua is one of two hills in the reserve open to the public from November through March.4. Komodo dragons, Komodo Island, IndonesiaLanding on Komodo, you would feel like stepping back to a time when dinosaurs ruled the Earth,。

上海市各区县2016届初三二模语文试卷分类汇编诗歌赏析杨浦区（二）阅读【甲】【乙】两首词，完成第6---7题（4分）【甲】少年不识愁滋味，爱上层楼。

爱上层楼，为赋新词强说愁。

而今识尽愁滋味，欲说还休。

欲说还休，却道天凉好个秋。

【乙】醉里挑灯看剑，梦回吹角连营。

八百里分麾下炙，五十弦翻塞外声。

沙场秋点兵。

马作的卢飞快，弓如霹雳弦惊。

了却君王天下事，赢得生前身后名。

可怜白发生！6.请指出【甲】【乙】两首词的一个相同之处（不涉及内容方面）。

（2分）7.下面对两首词的理解恰当．．的一项是（）（2分）A、甲词以“时间”为线索，用语虽平易浅显，表达的情感却深沉蕴藉。

B、乙词将梦境和现实对比，表达作者无限的感慨，悲愤之情跃然纸上。

C、两词均以秋季为背景，营造萧瑟的氛围，烘托词人愁苦悲愤的心境。

D、两词题材不同，塑造的人物形象不同，因而词人表达的情感也不同。

(二）古诗文理解（4分）6、、作者同为南宋词人辛弃疾或甲词中的“而今之愁”与乙词中想借酒所消之愁一致，都表达了词人报国无门，壮志未酬的优愁和愤懑。

(2分）7、B (2 分）普陀区（二）阅读下面的诗，完成第6——7题（4分）酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠唐刘禹锡巴山楚水凄凉地，二十三年弃置身。

怀旧空吟闻笛赋，到乡翻似烂柯人。

沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。

今日听君歌一曲，暂凭杯酒长精神。

6、“翻似”在诗中的意思是。

（2分）7、下列理解不正确．．的一项是（）（2分）A．“巴山楚水”指诗人被贬所到的地方。

B．“闻笛赋”借嵇康《思旧赋》体现怀念之前C．以“烂柯人”表达诗人遭贬23年的感慨。

D．全诗表达诗人虽遭贬谪但依然乐观的精神。

6、倒好像7、B徐汇区（二）阅读下面这首诗，完成第6-7题（4分）山居秋暝唐王维空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。

明月松间照，清泉石上流。

竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟。

随意春芳歇，王孙自可留。

6、诗中“春芳歇”意为。

（2分）7、下列诗句所体现的情感与此诗相近的一项是（）（2分） A．浮云游子意，落日故人情。

作文汇编（东城）五、本大题共2小题，共60分。

26. 微写作（10分）从下面三个题目中任选一题，按要求作答。

不超过150字。

①近年来，一些草率粗鄙、恶意中伤、肆意泄愤的网络低俗语言对青少年的学习和生活产生了恶劣的影响。

请你为校宣传栏写一段话，倡议大家抵制网络污言，文明使用语言。

要求：观点鲜明，语言有号召力。

②高一年级要求阅读《平凡的世界》、《巴黎圣母院》、《欧也妮·朗台》，一些同学不知如何阅读这些长篇名著。

请你将自己的阅读经验写出来，为这些同学提供帮助。

要求：容具体，条理清楚。

③五月，有劳动节、青年节、母亲节；五月的校园，有读书节、歌唱节、戏剧节……“红五月”，记录着青年的成长，燃烧着青年的热情。

写一段抒情文字，表达你对“五月”的感情。

27. 作文（50分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，按要求作答。

不少于700字。

① 2016年3月，谷歌人工智能程序AlphaGo以4：1的比分战胜国围棋世界冠军世石，显示出人工智能的强大力量。

面对人工智能的发展，AlphaGo的开发者西尔韦希望大家不要只看对弈的胜负，而更应该关注AlphaGo可能给人类带来的变化；IBM中国研究院研究总监中则认为人工智能会是人类一个强大的“秘书”；也有人担心人工智能会威胁到人类的生存，人类应尽早规避潜在的风险。

未来，人类将如何与人工智能产品共享生活？请你展开联想与想象，以“我与人工智能”为题，写一篇记叙文。

要求：任选一种人工智能产品（如机器人、语言识别系统、图像识别系统、自动驾驶系统……），将题目抄写在答题卡上。

②作家高洪波说：“博物馆是一座城市的客厅，是浓缩的历史，是穿越时空的风情图画，是历史学家、考古工作者费尽千辛万苦带你享受的瞬间快乐。

”据统计，俄罗斯每年去博物馆参观的人数是7500万，超过了全国人口的一半；美国每年每人进博物馆的次数是8次，而中国人大约3年进一次博物馆。

2015年9月，故宫举办包括《伯远帖》、《清明上河图》等书画珍品在的“石渠宝笈特展”，引起强烈反响，很多参观者宁愿排6个多小时的队也要一睹国宝真容。