2016届广东省惠州市高三第一次调研考试语文理试卷T

惠州市2016届高三第一次调研考试英语本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。

满分120分（最终成绩按总分135分进行折算），考试用时120分钟。

第I卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AEDGEWOOD—Every morning at Dixie Heights High school, customers pour into a special experiment :the district’s first coffee shop run mostly by students with special learning needs.Well before classes start, students and teachers order Lattes, Cappuccinos and Hot Chocolates. Then, during the first period, teachers call in orders on their room phones, and students make deliveries. By closing time at 9:20 a.m. , the shop usually sells 90 drinks. “Whoever made the chi tea, Ms. Schatzman says it was good, ”Christy McKinley , a seco nd year student , announced recently, after hanging up with the teacher.The shop is called the Dixie PIT, which stands for Power in Transition. Although some of the students are not disabled, many are, and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school. They learn not only how to run a coffee shop but also how to deal with their affairs. They keep a timecard and receive paychecks , which they keep in check registers.Special-education teachers Kim Chevalier and Sue Casey introduced the Dixie PIT from a similar program at Kennesaw Mountain High School in Georgia. Not that it was easy. Chevalier’s first problem to overcome was product-related. Should schools be selling coffee? What about sugar content? Kenton County Food Service Director Ginger Gray helped. She made sure all the drinks, which use non-fat milk, fell within nutrition guidelines.1.The coffee shop is mostly run by____________.A. all the studentsB. all the teachersC. students with special learning needs.D. some special-education teachers2. When does the coffee shop close?A. In the early morning.B. At 9:20 a.m.C. At 9 a.m.D. in the afternoon3. The Dixie PIT program was introduced in order to .A. raise money for school affairsB. do some research on nutritionC. supply teachers with drinksD. develop students’ practical skillsBPicture the scene: You come home after work feeling too exhausted to cook –only to find a delicious meal worthy of a Michelin-starred restaurant waiting for you. It sounds like a fantasy, but it could be about to come true thanks to a robot chef developed by British scientists.Those scientists have come up with a set of robotic arms so smart that they are capable of cooking meals all by themselves. The device will be sold from as early as 2017 as part of a purpose-built high-tech kitchen.Scientists at Moley Robotics spent almost 18 years developing the hands. According to its creators, the arms can chop, stir, whisk and baste well enough to recreate almost anything you would care to eat, whether it is a simple home-cooked supper, or a complicated creation designed by a world-class chef. The hands move a little slowly, hovering strangely above the work surface whenever they are not busy, but they imitate human movements closely enough that they can do things such as wiping a spoon on the edge of a pan to prevent drips.Mr Oleynik, who is leading the project, said, “All the things which are possible with the hand are possible here. There is no limitation. A lot of people want to go to Michelin-starred restaurants, but they are quite expensive and may be quite far from the home. This is an opportunity for people to enjoy v ery good food, and for a reasonable price. ”The only cuisine that is off the robot’s menu at the moment is sushi, which requires extremely steady pressure and nimble fingers to make, but the team plan to conquer that as well by the time it goes on sale.4. People go to Michelin-starred restaurants in order to______.A. appreciate car tires.B. enjoy delicious mealsC. see the new robot chefsD. escape from work5. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. British scientistsB. The robot chef’s armsC. Cooks at restaurantsD. Household wives6. Which kind of food CAN’T the robot chef cook at present?A. BreadB. BeefC. SushiD. Sandwich7. What can we infer from the passage?A. Hands of a robot chef can perform exactly like a cook.B. Robot chefs are available at shopping malls.C. Michelin-starred restaurants are suitable for many people.D. It is uncertain when the robot can cook all kinds of food.CA tender woman, or an independent one, which one would you prefer? A recent research shows that most people would choose the latter.This type of woman is called a nühanzi (“tough woman”). Experts believe these characteristics have social and p sychological roots among young females in China. Su Hao’s friends all call her a tough woman, because she can finish tough tasks usually carried out by men. For example, she carries 10-litre water to her dormitory on the 5th floor. “I depend on no one but myself,” she says.According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily, tough women have become rather common in society. Of the 21,265 respondents, 78.5 percent said they are familiar with a tough woman. About 50 percent said they like women with tough characteristics, while less than 29 percent expressed the opposite view.Why are tough women gaining popularity? Shen Meng, a psychological consultant, believes the fierce competition in society is contributing to this trend. “Women are often in a disadvantage d position compared to men,” Shen says. “In order to survive, they have to be independent, strong and tough.” Liu Xiaolin, professor of psychology at Wuhan Mental Health Center, believes tough women are brought up this way. They are often on close relationship with their fathers, who teach their daughters to be brave and decisive,” he says. As a result, these women are more likely to be psychologically healthy and more tolerant to stress, according to Liu.Though Liu believes that this is a good trend, Hu Shenzhi, a psychologist at the Guangdong Sunflower Counseling Center, says the popularity of tough woman indicates an unclear line between gender identities, which can lead to relationship problems. “Some women with characteristics that differ from the trad itional female image may have a difficult time finding Mr Right,” he says. “Even if they get married, their manly characteristics might cause family conflicts.8. Which of the followings doesn’t belong to the characteristics of a tough woman?A. She is independent of others in daily life.B. She is soft and tender to others.C. She is more tolerant to stress.D. She can solve problems usually for men.9. How many respondents like tough women?A. about 10,600.B. about 16,700.C. 21,265.D. about 6,20010. Why are there more tough women nowadays?A. Because tough women are more lovely.B. Because more women want to be independent.C. Because girls often love fathers more.D. Because of the fierce competition in society.11. What problems may tough women have in their life?A. It’s difficult for them to be friends.B. They often suffer gender confusion.C. They may have difficulty with marriage.D. They have different characteristics form traditional female images.DOur “Mommy and Me” time began two years ago. My next-door neighbor and fellow mother, Christie, and I were out in our front yards, watching seven children of age 6 and under ride their bikes up and down. “I wish I could take one of my children out alone,” said Christie.Then we worked out a plan: When Christie takes one of her children out, I’ll watch her other three. And when she watches two of mine, I’ll take someone out.The children were extremely quick to accept the idea of “Mommy and Me” time. Christie’s daughter, McKenzie, went first. When she returned, the other children asked her tons of questions. McKenzie was smiling broadly. Christie looked refreshed and happy. “She’s like a different child when there’s no one else around,” Christie shared wit h me quickly. With her mother all to herself, McKenzie didn’t have to make an effort to gain attention.Just as Christie had noticed changes in McKenzie, I also discovered something different in each of my children during our alone times. For example, I am always surprised when my daughter, who is seldom close to me, holds my hand frequently. My stuttering（口吃的）son, Tom, doesn’t stutter once during our activities since he doesn’t have to struggle for a chance to speak. And the other son, Sam, who’s always a follower when around other children shines as a leader during our times together.The “Mommy and Me” time allows us to be simply alone and away with each child ---talking, sharing, and laughing, which has been the biggest gain. Every child deserves to be an only child at least once in a while.12. What is the text mainly about?A. The advantage of spending time with one child at a time. B. The experience of the only child being with mother.C. The happy life of two families.D. The basic needs of children.13. Right after McKenzie came back, the other children were _____________.A. happyB. friendlyC. regretfulD. curious14. What is one of the changes the author finds in her children?A. The daughter acts like a leader.B. Sam holds her hand more often.C. Tom has less difficulty in speaking.D. The boys become better followers.15. The author seems to believe that ___________.A. having brothers and sisters is funB. every child needs parents’ full attentionC. it’s tiring to look after three childrenD. parents should watch others’ children第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

高三毕业班第一次调研考试语文试卷惠州市高三毕业班第一次调研考试语文试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷两部分.共150分.考试时间150分钟.注意事项:1．答第Ⅰ卷时,每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把第Ⅱ卷前面的单项选择题答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案.不能答在试题卷上.2．考生必须在第Ⅱ卷指定位置将学校.班级.姓名.学号填写清楚.3．考试结束,上交第Ⅱ卷.第Ⅰ 卷(选择题共45分)一.(18分,每小题3分)1．下列词语中加点的字的读音,全都不相同的一组是A．客人恪守贿赂洛阳纸贵束之高阁B．剥削紧俏剑鞘霄壤之别硝烟弥漫C．园圃逮捕逋逃铺天盖地辅车相依D．纪录圮毁妃子讳疾忌医杞人忧天2．下列各组词语中,有错别字的一组是A．鱼船竭泽而渔直言仗义执言 B．勉励再接再厉提名金榜题名C．辐射幅员辽阔桃园世外桃源 D．废弛风驰电掣退化蜕化变质3．对下列词语意义的解释,正确的一组是A．棒喝(促人醒悟的警告) 爱屋及乌(爱一个人连带爱他屋上乌鸦)不齿(不愿意提及) 暴珍天物(残害灭绝天生的自然资源)B．齿冷(耻笑) 鞭辟入里(言辞或文章的道理很深刻.透彻)赴敌(赶走敌人) 别出心裁(另想出一种与众不同的新主意)C．腹议(预先构思文章) 汗颜(因羞愧而出汗)耿耿于怀(怀着心事,很不痛快) 瓜田李下(容易引起嫌疑的地方)D．就范(听从支配和控制) 绝倒(形容大笑,前仰后合)分庭抗礼(分裂政权,对抗中央) 黄花晚节(比喻人晚年能保持节操)4．下列各句中加点的成语的使用,恰当的一句是A．计算机是一种工具,尽管是高科技工具,拥有它并不意味着一切工作都可以事倍功半,一蹴而就.B．他们疼爱自己的孩子,孩子也喜欢他们.一家三口相濡以沫,美满幸福．C．天赋发展到七十分的,从古以来少有,发展到一百分的恐怕更是千载难逢. D．有的部门或是人浮于事,或是在其位不谋其政,这些地方不减员.不裁官行不行? 5．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语,最恰当的一组是真正重理的人,决不应轻文;__________,真正重文的人,也决不应轻理.__________志趣不同,在某一方面一般地认真学习,而在另一方面特别多下功夫学习,这种情形是自然现象.__________,〝重〞一样,〝轻〞一样,是不正常的思想和心理的反映.A．相反由于因此却 B．同样由于但是却C．同样可是但是只 D．相反可是因此只6．下列各句中,没有语病的一句是A．这些考古学家的死,让人们想起了神秘的法老的咒语,但科学家们并不相信．B．看到孩子们活泼健康地成长,我从内心里由衷地高兴.C．你不认真学习,那怎么能有好成绩是可想而知的.D．长江干流含沙量猛增.水质污染严重的问题,至今没有引起有关地方党委政府重视.二.(12分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成7—10题科学家们说,虽然地外生命形式看起来也许不像银幕上的外星人,但他们存在于地球之外的可能性却是千真万确的.地球之外究竟有无生命,过去的科学知识告诉我们,地球上的高文明生命形态,在太阳系内是唯一的.1984年,英国科学家在南极拾到一块陨石,经过美国科学家的研究证明,这块来自外太空的陨石内含有高浓度的有机体(或说原始的微生物),说明地球不是唯一有生命的地方.当外星人近20年前首次出现在银幕上的时候,科学家们仍然没有发现任何此类活生生的生命,但是他们认为,其他星球也具备养育生命的条件.伦敦大学学院的唐·考恩博士告诉皇家天文学会:〝作为生物学家,我们有充分的理由认为,在其他地方也存在生命,但是,其他星球上的生命更可能是以一种能够在极端条件下生存的单细胞生命,而非许多科幻电影中描绘的3只眼动物.〞考恩接着说:〝从进化上来说,生命将是非常原始的.〞考恩说,即使是最简单的生命也需要液态水.适宜的温度.食物来源等最基本的生存条件.他根据温度的上下限描绘了生命存在的范围以及此类原始生命可能茁壮成长的地方.热液池.蒸汽出口.沸泥浆池和地下热液出口等等,这些被视为地球生命起源的地方也是其他星球简单生命诞生的理想环境.伦敦自然历史博物馆的莫妮卡·格雷迪博士支持考恩的观点,并且进一步提出,火星和木星等星球的某些地表或地表下面可能存在生命.7．对本文第一段科学家所说理解不正确的一项是A．地外生命的形态看上去有可能与银幕上的外星人类似.B．地球之外的星球有生命存在的可能性是不容置疑的．C．地外生命与银幕上的外星人相比,生命形态也许不尽相同,但却有绝对存在的可能性.D．地外生命有千真万确存在的可能性,只是生命形式也许不同于银幕上的外星人. 8．下列陈述符合考恩博士观点的一项是A．考恩认为其他地方也存在生命.-B．考恩认为水是生命生存的最基本条件.C．考恩认为地外生命只是一种单细胞生命.D．考恩认为地外有生命存在,他的理由是充分的.9．下列说法不符合原文意思的一项是A．1984年,美国科学家研究了一块来自外太空的陨石,发现内含高浓度的有机体,从而否定了地球是太阳系内唯一高文明生命形态的认识.B．二十多年来,科学家们虽然始终没有发现外星球活生生的生命,但并没有改变他们对地外生命形式存在的确信.C．考恩告诉英国皇家天文学会:外星生命是非常原始的,也许是在极端条件下生存的,其形态也不像科幻电影中描绘的是三只眼.D．地球生命与地外简单生命,对生存条件和环境的要求是相同的,这一观点考恩博士与格雷迫博士是一致的.10．纵观全文,最适合做本文标题的一项是A．英美科学家对地外生命的研究和见解B．地外生命确实可能存在C．地球不是唯一有生命的地方D．外星生命与电影上的外星人三.(15分,每小题3分)阅读下面一段文言文,完成11—15题.尹翁归字子兄,河东平阳人也,徙杜陵.翁归少孤,与季父居.为狱小吏,晓习文法.喜击剑,人莫能当.是时大将军霍光秉政,诸霍在平阳,奴客持刀兵入市斗变,吏不能禁,及翁归为市吏,莫敢犯者.公廉不受馈,百贾畏之.后去吏居家.会田延年为河东太守,行县至平阳,悉召故吏五六十人,延年亲临见,令有文者东,有武者西.阅数十人,次到翁归,独伏不肯起,对曰:〝瓮归文武兼备,唯所施设.〞功曹以为此吏倨傲不逊,延年曰:〝何伤?〞遂招上辞问,甚奇其对,除补卒史,便从归府.案事发奸,穷竟事情,延年大重之,自以能不及翁归,徙署督邮.河东二十八县,分为两部,闳孺部汾北,翁归部汾南.所举应法,得其罪辜,属县长吏虽中伤,莫有怨者.举廉为缑氏尉,历守郡中,所居治理,迁补都内令,举廉为弘农都尉.征拜东海太守,过辞廷尉于定国.定国家在东海,欲属托邑子两人,令坐后堂待见.定国与翁归语终日,不敢见其邑子.既去,定国乃谓邑子曰:〝此贤将,汝不任事也,又不可干以私.〞(《汉书·七六》)11．对下列句子中加点词语的解释,正确的一项是A．为狱小吏,晓习文法. 文法:文章格式B．案事发奸,穷竟事情. 案事:案子C．属县长吏虽中伤,莫有怨者. 中伤:受到毁谤D．历守郡中,所居治理. 治理:政治太平12．下列各组句子中加点的词的意义相同的一组是后去吏居家遂召上辞问A． B．昂其直,居为奇货莫辞更坐弹一曲除补卒史,便从归府所举应法,得其罪辜C． D．乘楼车,从吏卒求忠以自为,举贤以自佐13．对下列各句中加点字称代内容的说明,不正确的一项是A．公廉不受馈,百贾畏之. 指尹翁归B．延年大重之称代前文的〝事情〞C．得其罪事称代前文的〝所举〞D．不敢见其邑子指于定国14．以下句子分别编为四组,全都表现尹翁归奉职守法的一组是①及翁归为市吏,莫敢犯者.②公廉不受馈,百贾畏之.③独伏不肯起.④案事发奸,穷竟事情.⑤征拜东海太守.⑥不敢见其邑子.A．①④⑥B．②③⑤ C．①③⑥ D．②④⑤15．对原文的叙述与分析,不正确的一项是A．尹翁归既晓文尚武,又善击剑,人莫能当,因此依恃霍光在市场斗殴闹事的霍氏家奴再也不敢捣乱.B．尹翁归受到河东太守田延年接见时不卑不亢,应答如流,赢得田延年好感,而被委以官职.C．尹翁归审理案件,秉公执法.核事发奸,穷根究底;查办案子,合乎法度,重在罪证.D．廷尉于定国想将两同乡嘱托给尹翁归,与之言谈终日竟不敢提及.尹翁归廉洁无私,第Ⅱ 卷(共105分)注意事项:1．第Ⅱ卷共6页,用钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直接写在试题卷上.2．答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚.四.(15分)16．把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语.(5分)(1)翁归文武兼备,唯所施设.译文:_____________________________________________________(2)不敢见其邑子.译文:_____________________________________________________17．阅读下面一首诗,然后回答问题.(6分)十五夜望月王建中庭地白树栖鸦,冷露无声湿桂花.今夜月明人尽望,不知秋思落谁家.简要解释〝今夜月明人尽望,不知秋思落谁家〞的意思,说说这两句诗的妙处. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________18．补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分.(只选两小题)(4分)(1)无贵无贱,无长无少,________________,________________.(韩愈《师说》)(2)________________,此时无声胜有声.银瓶乍破水浆迸,________________.(唐·白居易《琵琶行》)(3)故垒西边,人道是:三国周郎赤壁.________________,________________,________________.江山如画,一时多少豪杰.(苏轼《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》)五.(18分)阅读下面的文字,完成19—22题阳台上的遗憾韩少功从某种意义上来说,建筑是人心的外化和物化.南方在古代为蛮,化外之地,建筑上也就多有蛮风的留影.尤其到海口一看,尽管这里地势平坦并无重叠式的山峦起伏,但前人留下的老街几乎很少有直的,正的,这些随意和即兴的作品,呈礼崩乐坏纲纪不存之象,总是令初来的北方人吃惊.可以想象,种种偏门和曲道,很合适隐藏神话.巫术和反叛,要展示天子威仪和官府阵仗,却不那么方便.留存在这些破壁残阶上的,是一种天高皇帝远的自由和活泼,是一种封建正统文化的稀疏和涣散.虽然免不了给人一点混乱之虞,却也生机勃勃.它们不像北方四合院,俨然规规矩矩的顺民和良仆,一栋一檐的定向,都严格遵循天理和祖制,不越雷池.当然,南北文化一直在悄悄融汇.建筑外观上的南北差异,并不妨碍南方的宅院,尤其是一些富宅,其实与北方的四合院一样,也是很见等级的,有一些耳房或偏间,可供主人安置侍卫和女佣;很讲究家庭封闭与谐和的,有东西两厢,甚至有前后几进,可供主人安排儿孙及其宝眷,包容儿孙满堂笑语喧哗的节日大团圆.在那正厅大堂里正襟入坐,上下分明,主次分明,三纲五常的感觉油然而生.倘若在庭院中春日观花,夏日听蝉,萧吹秋月,酒饮冬霜,也就免不了生出一种陶潜式的冲淡和曹雪芹式的伤感,汉文化一直也在这样的南国宅院里咳血和低吟.这一类宅院,在现代化的潮流面前一一倾颓,当然是无可避免的结局.金钱成了比血缘更为强有力的社会纽带,个人成了比家庭更重要的社会单元,大家庭开始向小家庭解体,小家庭又正在被独身风气蚕食,加上都市生活一胎化,已使旧式宅院的三进两厢之类十分多余.要多家合住一院,又不大方便保护现代人的隐私,谁愿意起居出入喜怒哀乐都相似在邻居的众目睽睽之下?如今高楼大厦正在显现着新的社会结构,展拓着新的心理空间,但一般来说缺少个性,以其水泥和玻璃,正在统一着每一个城市的面容和表情,正在不分南北地制定出彼此相似的生活图景.人们走入同样的电梯,推开同样的窗户,坐上同样的马桶,在同一时刻关闭电视并在同一时刻打出哈欠.长此下去,环境也可以反过来侵染人心,会不会使它的居民产生同样流行的话题,同样的购物计划,同样的恋爱经历以及同样的怀旧情绪?以前有一些人说,儒家造成文化的大一统,其实,现代工业对文化趋向的推动作用,来得更加猛烈和广泛,行将把世界上任何一个天涯海角,都制成建筑的仿纽约,服装的假巴黎,家用电器的赝本东京——所有的城市,越来越成为一个城市.这种高楼大厦的新神话拔地升天,也正在把我们的天空挤压和分割得狭窄零碎,正在使四季在隔热玻璃外变得暧昧不清,正在使田野和鸟语变得十分稀罕和遥远．清代张潮说:〝因雪想高士,因花想美人,因酒想侠客,因月想好友,因山水而想得意诗文.〞如此清心和雅趣,似乎连同产生它的旧式宅院,已经永远被高楼大厦埋葬在地基下面了.全球的高楼居民和大厦房客们,相当多已习惯于一边吃快餐食品,一边因雪想堵车,因花想开业,因酒想公关,因月想星球大战,因山水想开发区批文.当然,在某一天,我们也可以步入阳台,在铁笼般的防盗网里,或者在汽车疾驰的沙沙声里,一如既往地观花或听蝉,月下吹萧或霜中饮酒,但那毕竟有点像勉勉强强的代用品,有点像二胡拉贝多芬,或者是在泳池里远航,少了一点真趣;这不能不使人遗憾.这遗憾常常是历史进步后寂寞的影子.注:韩少功,当代著名作家.19．文中第1段写古代南北建筑的特点有哪些不同?由此反映出的南北人心又有什么不同?作者写此要阐明一个什么观点?(5分)(1)古代南方建筑特点是(不超过25字):(2)古代北方建筑特点是(不超过12字)(3)反映出南方人的心理是(不超过30字)(4)反映出北方人的心理是(不超过12字)(5)阐明的观点是(不超过15字)20．第2段说:〝汉文化一直也在这样的南国宅院里咳血和低吟.〞此句用了什么修辞手法?如何理解这句话?(3分)(1)此句使用的修辞手法是________________________________(2)这句话的意思是(不超过40字)21．第3段说:〞这一类宅院,在现代化的潮流面前一一倾颓,当然是无可避免的结局.〞其原因是什么?请用序号分条概述如下(每条不超过14字)(6分)答:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________22．文章的标题取为《阳台上的遗憾》,下面对这个〝遗憾〞的理解二不正确的两项是【】A．缺少个性的现代化建筑正在使城市的面貌趋于同一.B．现代建筑少了古代建筑的特色.C．城市面貌的趋同使人也少了鲜明的个性.D．形式趋同的高楼大厦拔地而起,会使人少了清心和雅趣.E．现代建筑正在改变社会的结构,改变人的心理.六.(12分)23．下面这段话的语言连贯性差,改换其中几个句子的表述形式,这段话就连贯了.①人们在生活中有时会扮演与平时的自己不同的角色.②就拿我来说吧,平时我从不欺骗师长．⑧但有一次,为了朋友,我撒谎了.④谎言一下子被老师看穿了.⑤把我内心的一切都暴露在光天化日之下.⑥我顿时觉得自己像一个贼.⑦被人家揪住了,⑧送到众人面前展览.写出影响连贯的句子(分句)的序号____________________,并改写_______________________________________________________________________.24．阅读下面一段文字,把画线的文字改写成格式协调一致.匀整对称的形式(4分) 这座小衬庄,面临着碧波荡漾的大海,背靠着高山,高山上林木苍翠.修改为:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.25．自选话题,依照横线上的比喻形式造句,字数可多可少.文中的比喻物不能再用,横线前的话可自拟.只有一种死,永远也不代表毁灭,那就是:自落的花,成熟的果,发芽的种,落地的叶.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ______七.(60分)26．阅读下面的材料,根据要求作文.(60分)俗语云,〝行百里者半九十〞.日本作家芥川龙之介说:〝九十九步是一半,一步是一半.〞就平常而言,一个人要有所成就,就必须付出比别人多的代价,但很多时候,你只要努力向前跨出一步.这样的例子实在太多了.电话的发明者贝尔只不过在物理实验中把一个旋钮多旋了几圈,一个改变世界文明的发明就这样诞生了.而在这之前,爱迪生及许多科学家都认为电话不可行而放弃了试验.【要求】请以〝再向前跨一步〞为话题写一篇文章,可以写自己的见闻.感受.经历.看法,也可以记叙.议论.抒情.编故事.题目自拟,不少于800字._年惠州市高三毕业班第一次调研考试语文试卷参考答案一.(18分,每小题3分)1．C【A客(kè)人.恪(kè)守.贿赂(lù).洛(luò)阳纸贵.束之高阁(gé);B剥削(_uē).紧俏(qiào).剑鞘(qiào).霄(_iāo)壤之别.硝(_iāo)烟弥漫;C园圃(pǔ).逮捕(bǔ).逋(bū)逃.铺(pū)天盖地.辅(fǔ)车相依;D纪(jì)录.圮(pǐ)毁.妃(fēi)子.讳疾忌(jì)医.祀(qǐ)人忧天】.2．A．【渔船】.3．A【B．赴敌(到战场上去跟敌人作战)C．腹议(嘴里虽然不说,心里对人有看法)D 分庭抗礼(原指宾主相见,站在庭院的两边,相对行礼．现在比喻平起平坐,互相对立.抗,对等)】.4．D【A〝事倍功半〞改为〝事半功倍〞;B〝相濡以沫〞比喻处在困境之中,互相救助以渡过难关,与〝美满幸福〞不相应;C〝千载难逢〞是说机会,不是说人】. 5．B【全段有三个句号,共三句话.第一句分号前后所讲道理并不〝相反〞,而是一样,因此,第一处应填〝同样〞.一句和二句都是讲应该肯定的方面,并无转折关系,因此,第二处不该填〝可是〞.〝志趣不同〞是〝在……学习,……学习〞的原因,因此,第二处应填〝由于〞.第三句是对前两句的转折,因此,第三处应填〝但是〞,第四处应填能与〝但是〞相呼应的〝却〞.第三句与前面的句子构不成因果关系,第三处不该填〝因此〞】.6．D【A项语序不当,把〝神秘〞移到〝咒语〞的前面.B项〝从内心里〞与〝由衷〞重复.C项结构混乱,删〝是可想而知的〞】.二.(12分,每小题3分)7．A【〝不像银幕上的外星人〞】.8．D【A．〝其他地方〞解释有误,应为〝地球之外其他地方〞.B．根据文意应为〝水是生命生存的最基本条件之一〞.C．不是〝只是〞,是〝也许是〞】.9．A【第2段第2句〝地球不是唯一有生命的地方〞不等于说〝地球不是太阳系内唯一有高文明生命的地方〞】.10．B【C是〝美国科学家(的)研究证明〞,是证据之一.B是〝科学家们说〞的,是普遍的观点】三.(15分,每小题3分)【参考译文】尹翁归字子兄,是河东平阳人,后来迁徙到杜陵．尹翁归小时死了父亲,跟他的叔父住在一起.他担任办理诉讼的小吏,通晓法令条文.喜爱击剑,没有谁能抵挡他.当时大将军霍光主持政事,霍家人住在平阳,家奴门客拿着兵器进入街市殴斗闹事,主管官员无法制止,等到尹翁归做街市的主管官吏,没有谁敢违犯法律.他公正廉洁不接受贿赂,商人们都畏服他.他后来离职回家.刚好碰上田延年担任河东太守,巡视属县来到平阳,将当地旧吏五六十人全部召集起来,田延年亲自去跟他们见面,叫他们有文才的站在东边,有武略的站在西边.考察了解了几十个人,轮到尹翁归,只有他伏在地上不肯起身,他对答道:〝我文才武略齐备,您只管吩咐.〞功曹认为这个小吏傲慢不谦逊,田延年说:〝这有什么关系?〞于是叫他上堂来,设下文辞让他回答,田延年感到他的回答很不一般,授任补职让他做了卒史(官名),于是带他回到郡府.他调查事情揭发坏人,彻底了解事情的底细,田延年十分器重他,田延年自己感到才能比不上尹翁归,调任他做了督邮.河东郡属下二十八个县,分成两部,闳孺主管汾北一部,尹翁归主管汾南一部.尹翁归检举揭发他人时都符合法制规定,掌握违法者的犯罪事实,属县长吏虽然受到他的制裁,也没有谁怨恨的.他被推举廉能担任缑氏县尉,曾经做过郡中太守,他任职的地方都治理得很好,升职补任都内令,被推举廉能担任弘农都尉.朝廷征召他任命他做东海太守,他去拜访辞别廷尉于定国.于定国老家在东海郡,他想将两个同乡后辈托付给尹翁归,请他关照,就让这两个人坐在后堂等着出来见尹翁归.于定国跟尹翁归谈论了一整天,始终不敢让那两个同乡出来拜见尹翁归.尹翁归离开之后,于定国才对同乡后辈说:〝他是一个好郡守,你们没有能力在他手下任职,他又是不能用私情去请求的.〞11．D【A文法:法令条文;B案事:查究案子;C中伤:受到处罚】.12．C【A．居:①住,居住.②储存.B．辞:①文辞,书面.②推辞.C．都是〝使……跟从〞.〝带着〞的意思.D．举:①检举.②选任.】.13．B．【指尹翁归】.14．A【含有③.⑤的不应该选择.(①侧面表现其奉职,不敷衍.②〝公廉〞是为吏的基本要求,尹翁归能够做到,这是奉职守法的表现.③自信,不卑不亢.④奉职.⑤朝廷授职,不是侧重于其被朝廷看中的原因,而是为了引出〝过辞廷尉于定国〞的事.⑤重臣尚且不敢有所请托,侧面表现其守法)】.15．A【将霍氏家奴再也不敢捣乱的原因归结为〝尹翁归既晓文尚武,又善击剑,人莫能当〞是不对的,是因为其治政有能耐.应该联系其〝为吏〞的特点来理解】四.(15分)16．【(l)我既能文又能武,只听凭您的安排(2)不敢让那两个同乡出来拜见尹翁归】17．【普天之下,有谁不望月思乡,不知今晚的秋思落在谁的一边．诗人推己及人,扩大了望月者的范围,境界高远;明明是自己怀人,偏说〝秋思落谁家〞,表现手法委婉蕴藉】.18．【(1)道之所存,师之所存也.(2)别有幽愁暗恨生,铁骑突出刀枪鸣.(3)乱石穿空,惊涛拍岸,卷起千堆雪】.五.(18分)19．(1)老街很少有直的.正的;有各种偏门和曲道.(2)四合院一栋一檐都有定向.(3)对封建正统文化的轻视和不顺从,是自由活泼和生机勃勃的.(4)严格遵循天理和祖制.(5)建筑是人心的外化和物化】.20．(1)修辞:拟人.(2)意思:我们仍然能在南方宅院里找到汉文化的踪迹,只是它已变得病态,失去生机.(或:汉文化已变得病态,失去生机,但我们仍然能在南方宅院里找到它的踪迹).21．【1．金钱成了更有力的社会纽带.2．个人成为更重要的社会单元.3．都市生活一胎化.4．方便保护现代人的隐私】22．B.E【B．见第1段最后一句.第3段第1句.作者并不认为古代建筑的特色应该恢复,也不认为现代建筑少了古代建筑的特色是一种遗憾,他认为古代建筑形式被取代是一种必然.作者是希望现代建筑不要千篇一律.E．见第4段第1句.将〝显现〞理解为〝改变〞是偷换概念,似是而非.(A．见第4段第1句.C．见第4段第2.3句.D．见第5段)】.六.(12分)23．【⑤我内心的一切都被暴露在光天化日之下】.24．【面临着碧波荡漾的大海,背靠着林木苍翠的高山.(或:面临大海,大海碧波荡漾;背靠高山,高山林木苍翠.)】.25．(示例:在人世间,只有精神是不死的,它如同:巍巍的高山,滔滔的大海,灼灼的阳光,皎皎的明月,无形的春风】七.(60分)26．参考_年高考作文评分标准(按高考要求评卷).。

A a1 23 4 惠州市2016届高三第一次调研考试理科综合一、单项选择题（每小题只有一个符合要求的答案，每小题6分，共36分） 1.下列人类活动不．符合可持续发展的是 A ．惠州组织东江经济鱼类人工增殖放流活动 B ．某地大肆围海造田C ．龙门南昆山实行封山育林D ．某地开展人工造礁撑起海参养殖产业 2.下列说法错误．．的是 A ．细胞分化是个体生长发育的基础B. 孟德尔成功的原因之一说明实验材料的选取很重要 C ．样方法实际上是一种用物理方法解决生物学问题的实例D ．一条直链肽链中最少有一个游离的氨基和一个游离的羧基 3.A B ．由②可知人的性别决定取决于X 染色体的数量C ．由③可知子代鸡的性别取决于参与受精的精子的性染色体类型D ．由④可知蜜蜂的性别与染色体组的数量有关 4.下列研究目的与选择材料（对象）匹配正确的是5．在普通的棉花中导入能抗虫的B 、D 基因。

已知棉花短纤维由基因A控制，现有一基因型为AaBD 的短纤维抗虫棉植株（B 、D 基因不影响减数分裂，且不考虑交叉互换，也不考虑致死现象）自交子代出现短纤维抗虫∶短纤维不抗虫∶长纤维抗虫=2∶1∶1，则导入的B 、D 基因位于A ．均在1号染色体上B ．均在2号染色体上C ．均在3号染色体上D ．B 在2号染色体上,D 在1号染色体上6.多肉植物景天以气孔白天关闭、夜间开放的特殊方式适应高温干旱环境。

下图为其叶肉细胞内的部分代谢示意图，据图分析错误．．的是（ ）A．图中B 物质可能是葡萄糖B．线粒体和细胞质基质均能产生CO2C．PEP 、RuBP 均能与CO2结合D．夜间细胞液pH 可能会下降7．生活中处处有化学，下列有关说法正确的是A．淀粉和纤维素均为天然高分子化合物B．饮用矿泉水瓶的主要成分是聚氯乙烯C．凡含有食品添加剂的食物均不可食用D．大米煮成粥后，淀粉就变成了葡萄糖8．下列各组离子在溶液中能够大量共存的是A．NH4+、Ca2+、OH－、HCO3－B．Ag+、H+、SO32－、ClO－C．NH4+、Br－、Na+、SO42－D．H+、Cl－、Fe2+、NO3－9. 设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的数值，下列说法正确的是（H -1，O -16）A．标准状况下，22.4 LCCl4含有的分子数为N AB．常温常压下，18g水含有的分子数为N AC．常温下，1mol Cl2与过量NaOH溶液反应，转移电子总数为2N A D．1L0.1 mol·L－1 Na2CO3溶液中含有CO32－数为0.1 N A10．已知下列实验事实：①Cr2O3固体溶于KOH溶液得到KCrO2，溶于稀硫酸则得到Cr2(SO4)3；②将K2Cr2O7溶液滴加到淀粉和KI的混合溶液中，溶液变蓝；③向KCrO2溶液中滴加H2O2溶液，再酸化，可得K2Cr2O7溶液。

本试卷分必考和选考两部分，满分为150分。

考试用时150分钟。

注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卷的相应位置上。

2．考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案不能答在试卷上，必须写在答题卷的各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

一、本大题4小题，每小题3分，共12分。

1．下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一组是A．饯别/客栈晦涩/草莓解开/解数B．游泳/踊跃蒸馏/溜冰间或/间架C．允许/损失蔚蓝/欣慰数落/频数D．呼喊/感激卫戍/戌时主角/角色2．下面语段中画线的词语，使用不恰当的一项是2012年1月5日下午，惠州花边岭广场发生了一起车祸。

面对突如其来的车祸，小轿车司机三魂掉了七魄，惊慌失措，被压在车底下的女子已奄奄一息。

在这万分危急的关头，迅速赶过来的7名摩的司机齐心协力把小轿车抬起来搬开，拯救了一条生命，这真是三人成虎啊！医生说：“多亏了现场的即时救助，否则后果不堪设想。

”摩的司机江鹤松在接受采访时说：“遇到这种事情，谁都会想去帮忙，不可能袖手旁观。

”A．突如其来 B．三魂掉了七魄 C．三人成虎 D．不堪设想3．下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）A．安理会投票结果对外公诸于众后，“自由叙利亚军”司令6日接受美联社记者采访时表示，现在除了军事手段之外，没有其他办法可以推翻巴沙尔了。

B．经过新中国成立以来特别是改革开放以来的持续奋斗，中国人民取得了举世瞩目的巨大成就，谱写了中国发展的辉煌。

C．伊朗核活动动机之所以备受以美国为首的西方国家的质疑，与其执意生产高丰度浓缩铀不无关系。

D．市红十字会日前建立起社会捐款公布制度，根据红十字会官网公布的数据，今年九月共接受来自几十个社会单位的热心人士的捐款12万元。

4．下列6个句子，组成语意连贯的一段话，恰当的一项是（）中国共产党作为马克思主义执政党，只有不断保持纯洁性，＿＿＿，＿＿＿，＿＿＿，＿＿＿。

惠州市2016届高三第一次调研考试语文参考答案及评分标准第Ⅰ卷阅读甲必做题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）1．*B．【作者认为，这反映了“地域审美的局限”，未得“精神的自由”】2．（5分）*A．【A项反对“陈陈相因，甚至把前人的欣赏定论移过来，代替自己的赏评”，不等于“不应接触相关的欣赏定论”】3．（3分）*C．【C项说的“欣赏循旧辙而无新意”的原因。

】二、古代诗文阅读（36分）（一）文言文阅读（19分）【参考译文】刘孺，字孝稚，是彭城安上里人。

他祖父刘勔，担任南朝宋司空，被谥为“忠昭”。

他父亲刘悛，任南朝齐太常官职，被谥为“敬”。

刘孺自小聪敏，七岁就能写文章。

十四岁时，因父亲去世守丧，哀伤致使形体消瘦，宗族乡里全都感到惊异。

服丧期满，他叔父刘瑱担任义兴郡太守，带他到官府，经常把他安置到自己座位旁边，对宾客说：“这个小孩是我家的明珠啊。

”刘孺长大成人，俊秀有风度，性情开朗平和，即使是家人也没见过他表现出过分的喜怒。

所在州召迎他任主簿。

一出身就担任了中军法曹行参军。

当时镇军沈约听闻他的名声，召他任主簿，经常跟他游赏饮宴赋诗，他很受沈约叹赏。

屡次升迁担任太子舍人、中军临川王主簿、太子洗马、尚书殿中郎。

出都城担任太末县令，他在县任职时有清正的政绩。

回都城后授任晋安王友，转任太子中舍人。

刘孺自小喜欢写文章，又才思敏捷，曾经在皇帝赐予的坐席上写作《李赋》，接到指令很快就写成，文章不用增删改动，高祖皇帝很赞赏。

后来在寿光殿陪侍宴饮，皇帝下令群臣赋诗，当时刘孺跟张率都喝醉了，没等诗写成，高祖皇帝拿来刘孺的手板题诗开玩笑道：“张率东南美，刘孺雒阳才。

揽笔便应就，何事久迟回？”他就是如此受到皇帝亲近喜爱的。

后来他转任中书郎，兼任中书通事舍人。

不久升任太子家令，其他官职不变。

出都城任宣惠晋安王长史，兼任丹阳尹丞。

又升任太子中庶子、尚书吏部郎。

中大通四年，出都城任仁威临川王长史、江夏太守，加号贞威将军。

五年，担任宁远将军、司徒左长史，还没上任，又改任都官尚书，兼任右军将军。

广东省惠州市高三第一次调研考试试卷语文本试卷第I卷和第Ⅱ卷均属于必考部分，满分为150分。

考试用时150分钟。

注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卷的相应位置上。

2．考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案不能写在试卷上，必须写在答题卷的各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

第I卷阅读题（70分）一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）论述类文本阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1—3题。

文学——教育永恒的支柱肖川文学是虚构的艺术，是想象的殿堂。

无论什么时代，文学都是对于人类所面临的问题的象征性的解答，因此而成为生活的教科书；文学还是人类灵魂的守护神：文学之于读者，是精神得以寄托于憩息的殿堂；读者之于文学，应该是走进这殿堂寻找自我的一个过程。

有作家说，小说是什么？小说是碰触人类伤口之后流出来的血。

好的小说是过渡读者精神的桥梁，通过这样的桥梁，我们可以抵达广阔的精神彼岸，奔向崭新的精神天地。

好的作家，会让不同的人在自己修筑的殿堂里找到恰当的座位，让每个人都心甘情愿地走进去流连忘返。

想一想，古往今来有多少可以构筑这华美殿堂的超凡圣手。

手捧他们的作品，读着读着，我们久已忘却的梦想和沉沦的激情也渐渐升起来了。

想起安徒生，想起美人鱼，我们就不可避免地想起了爱与美，那是隐藏于日常生活中的智慧，它们像金子一样闪闪发光，使我们平凡的生命焕发出非凡的亮丽。

然而，我们有一种很令人沮丧的阅读习惯：人们会在不同的时代背景下，要求文学作品富有更多的社会意义，或者哲学意义，或者其他什么意义。

这种功利性极强的阅读习惯由来已久，文学的艺术价值丧失了其独立存在的意义，文学沦落为宣传的工具。

由于这种比较浅薄和恶劣的阅读习惯，导致我们的语文教学成为枯燥乏味的、模式化的流程。

在文学经典那里找到的可能是自己的形骸，也可能是一束思想、一点灵光、一把可以拾得起的记忆……莱昂内尔·特里林说：“文学是教会我们人类多样性的范围与这种多样性之价值的惟一武器。

惠州市2016届高三第一次调研考试数学试题 (文科参考答案 2015.7一、选择题(每小题5分,共60分1.【解析】由题意{}1,2PQ =,故选D .2.【解析】由双曲线定义易知25c =,故选C .3.【解析】由复数计算得22121z i i i z+=-+=+,故选B . 4.【解析】由余弦定理直接得2229471cos 22322b c a A bc +-+-===⨯⨯,且(0,A π∈,得60A =︒,故选C .5.【解析】由等比数列性质易知237564a a a ==,且0n a >,则58a =,故选D . 6.【解析】函数解析式化简得2(sin(34 f x x π=+,函数的周期为2323T ππ==,由正弦函数图像可知相邻的两条对称轴间距离为半个周期,则322T π=,故选A .7.【解析】b 的值由2,4,16变化,a 也由1,2,3递变,由题意易知选C .8.【解析】由( 2,1a b -=--,则易得: ( 0a a b -=,故选D .9.【解析】由三视图得到其直观图(右上图所示,则体积为1140[(144]4323⨯+⨯⨯=,故选A . 10.【解析】当1x ≤时,由00(21xf x ==得00x =;当1x >时,由030(log (11f x x =-=得013x -=, 则04x =,且两者都成立,故选C .11.【解析】由抛物线方程可知24p =,得2p =;又由抛物线定义可知,点A 到焦点的距离等于其到准线的距离,则12628AB AF BF x x p =+=++=+=,故选B .12.【解析】如右图所示,函数(f x 在R 上的部分图象,易得下确界为1-,故选D .二、填空题:(每小题5分,共20分 13、 725- 14、1415、16、e13【解析】由3sin(cos 25παα+==, 得2237cos 22cos 12(1525αα=-=⨯-=-. 14【解析】方程有实根时,满足140n ∆=-≥,得14n ≤,由几何概型知A P =构成事件的区域测度试验的全部结果所构成的区域测度,得1=4P . 15【解析】如右图所示,max ||||OP OB ===16【解析】直线平行于x 轴时斜率为0,由(x f x a e '=-得(10k f a e '==-=,得出a e =.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,满分80分.解答须写出文字说明、证明过程和演算步骤. 17.(本小题满分12分【解析】(Ⅰ设数列{}n a 的公差为d ,由题意知112282412a d a d +=⎧⎨+=⎩ ……………………2分解得12,2a d == …………………………………………4分所以1(122(12n a a n d n n =+-=+-=,得2n a n = …………………6分(Ⅱ由(Ⅰ可得21((22(122n n a a n n nS n n n n ++===+=+ ……………8分∴3236a =⨯=,12(1k a k +=+,2k S k k =+因 31,,k k a a S + 成等比数列,所以213k k a a S +=,从而22(226(k k k +=+, ………10分即 220k k --=,*k N ∈,解得2k = 或1k =-(舍去∴ 2k = ……………………………………………………12分18.(本小题满分12分【解析】(I ∵甲班学生的平均分是85,∴92968080857978857x +++++++=.………1分∴5x =. (3)分则甲班7位学生成绩的方差为2s (((22222221675007117⎡⎤=-+-+-++++⎢⎥⎣⎦40=.………………… 6分 (II 甲班成绩在90分以上的学生有两名,分别记为,A B , ………………………………… 7分乙班成绩在90分以上的学生有三名,分别记为,,C DE . ………………………… … 8分从这五名学生任意抽取两名学生共有10种情况:(((,,,,,,A B A C A D(((((((,,,,,,,,,,,,,A E B C B D B E C D C E D E . ………………………………9分其中甲班至少有一名学生共有7种情况:(((,,,,,,A B A C A D ((((,,,,,,,A E B C B D B E . ………………… …………10分记“甲班至少有一名学生”为事件M ,则(710P M =, 即从成绩在90分以上的学生中随机抽取两名学生,甲校至少有一名学生的概率为710. … 12分19.(本小题满分12分【解析】(I 证明:AD ⊥面ABE ,//AD BC , BC ∴⊥面ABE ,AE ⊂平面ABEAE BC ∴⊥.…………………………………4分又 AE EB ⊥,且BC EB B =,AE ∴⊥面BCE .……………………………………………………5分 (II ∵在BCE ∆中,2EB BC ==,BF CE ⊥,∴点F 是EC 的中点,且点G 是AC 的中点,…………………… 7分∴//FG AE 且112FG AE ==. …………………………………8分AE ⊥面BCE ,FG ∴⊥面BCE .∴GF 是三棱锥G BFC -的高…………………………………………………………9分在Rt BCE ∆中,2EB BC ==,且F 是EC 的中点,1111222B C F B C ES S B E B C ∆∆∴==⋅⋅= (11)分 1133C BFG G BCF BCF V V S FG --∆∴==⋅=.…………………………………………………………12分20.(本小题满分12分【解析】(I 依题意,设圆的方程为((22160x a y a -+=>. ………………………………………1分∵圆与y 轴相切,∴4a =. ∴圆的方程为(22416x y -+=.……………………………4分(Ⅱ∵椭圆222125x y b+=的离心率为45, ∴45c e a ==,且252=a ,得5a =.……………5分∴4c =.∴((124,0,4,0F F -. ………………………………6分∴(24,0F 恰为圆心C .………………………………………………………………………7分(i 过2F 作x 轴的垂线,交圆12,P P ,则12122190PF F P F F ∠=∠=,符合题意;…………9分 (ii 过1F 可作圆的两条切线,分别与圆相切于点34,P P ,连接34,CP CP ,则1321490F P F F P F ∠=∠=,符合题意.………………………………11分综上,圆C 上存在4个点P ,使得12PF F ∆为直角三角形. …………………………………12分21.(本小题满分12分【解析】(I (((2(=3+3131f x x a x a x x a '--3=-+. ……………………………………………1分令(0f x '=得121,x x a ==-.……………………………………………………………………2分 (i 当1a -=,即1a =-时,(2(=310f x x '-≥,(f x 在(,-∞+∞单调递增. ………3分(ii 当1a -<,即1a >-时,当21x x x x <>或时(0f x '>,(f x 在((21,x x -∞+∞和,内单调递增;当21x x x <<时(0f x '<,(f x 在(21,x x 内单调递减. (4)分 (iii 当1a ->,即1a <-时,当12x x x x <>或时(0f x '>,(f x 在((12,x x -∞+∞和,内单调递增;当12x x x <<时(0f x '<,(f x 在(12,x x 内单调递减. (5)分综上,当1a <-时,(f x 在((12,x x -∞+∞和,内单调递增,(f x 在(12,x x 内单调递减;当当1a =-时,(f x 在(,-∞+∞单调递增;当1a >-时,(f x 在((21,x x -∞+∞和,内单调递增,(f x 在(21,x x 内单调递减.(其中121,x x a ==-………………… 6分(II 当3a =时,32(391,[,2]f x x x x x m =+-+∈,2(3693(3(1f x x x x x '=+-=+- 令(0f x '=,得121,3x x ==-.………………………………………………………………… 7分将x ,(f x ',(f x 变化情况列表如下:1………………………………………………………………………………………………………8分由此表可得((328f x f =-=极大,((14f x f ==-极小.…………………………………9分又(2328f=<,………………………………………………………………………………… 10分故区间[,2]m 内必须含有3-,即m 的取值范围是3]-∞-(,.……………………………… 12分考生在第22、23、24题中任选一题做答。

惠州高三第一次调研考试语文试题参考答案及评分标准一、本大题含4小题，每小题3分，共12分1．*D．【[语音辨析]A．guī jūn guī guī；B．gāo gǎo gǎo hāo；C．lín l ǐn líng líng D．zhì】2．*B．【[词语运用]不可思议：原有神秘奥妙的意思。

现多指无法想象，难以理解。

不孚：不能使人信服。

一针见血：比喻说话直截了当，切中要害。

自惭形秽：形秽：形态丑陋，引伸为缺点。

因为自己不如别人而感到惭愧。

】3．*C．【[语病辨析]A．语序不当，应该说“深刻的说明和详细的规定”；B．不合逻辑，“第二”与“首富”矛盾；D．搭配不当，“放弃”应改为“谢绝”】4．*D．【[语言连贯]②④句对应，因④句前有“相比而言”承接②句，先谈“顺境”再谈“逆境”；③句前“而且”表明是在④句的基础上进一步谈“逆境”的作用；①句是对前三句的小结。

因此顺序是：②④③①】二、本大题含7小题，共35分【参考译文】先父曾经说，同乡先辈左忠毅公在京都附近任学政。

一天，刮风下雪特别寒冷，带着几个骑马的随从外出，私行察访走进一座古庙。

到了堂下小屋里见一个书生趴着桌子睡着了，文章刚成草稿。

左公看完了，就脱下貂皮裘衣盖在书生身上，并给他关好门。

左公向庙里的和尚了解这个书生，原来就是史可法。

等到考试，吏官叫到史可法的名字，左公惊喜地注视着他，他呈上试卷，就当面批点他是第一名。

又召他到内室，让他拜见了左夫人，并对夫人说：“我们的几个孩子都平庸无能，将来继承我的志向和事业的只有这个书生了。

”等到左公被送进东厂监狱，史可法早晚守在监狱的大门外边。

可恶的太监防范窥伺很严，即使左家的佣人也不能靠近。

过了好久，听说左公受到炮烙酷刑，不久就要死了，史可法拿出五十两银子，哭泣着跟看守商量，看守受感动了。

一天，看守让史可法换上破旧衣服，穿上草鞋，背着筐，用手拿着长锹，装作打扫卫生的人，把史可法引进牢房。

1. 用诗文原句填空。

(10分(1蒹葭苍苍，。

(《诗经》(2采菊东篱下，。

(陶渊明《饮酒》(3会当凌绝顶，。

(杜甫《望岳》(4 _________ 死亦为鬼雄。

(李清照《夏日绝句》(5 _________ 化作春泥更护花。

(龚自珍《己亥杂诗》(6出淤泥而不染，。

(周敦颐《爱莲说》(7在追求中国梦”的今天,我们要像范仲淹《岳阳楼记》中所说的那样，“ _________ 把国家、民族、人民的利益摆在首位,做到吃苦在前，享乐在后。

(8认识达到了一定的高度，就能透过现象看到本质，就不会被事物的假象迷惑，王安石《登飞来峰》中的诗句“__________ 体现的正是这样的生活哲理。

2 .默写。

(8分(1浊酒一杯家万里， __________________ 。

(范仲淹《渔家傲秋思》(2 _________ 鬓微霜，又何妨!(苏轼《江城子密州出猎》(3右手秉遗穗，。

(白居易《观刈麦》(4 _________ 载不动许多愁。

(李清照《武陵春》(5 _________ 五十弦翻塞外声。

(辛弃疾《破阵子为陈同甫赋壮词以寄之》(6槲叶落山路，。

(温庭筠《商山早行》(7更深月色半人家，。

(刘方平《月夜》（8 ________ 奉命于危难之间。

（诸葛亮《出师表》1•下面一段文字选自一名学生的作文，其中有几处错误，请按要求回答问题。

（4 分①星期天是许多人向往的日子。

②我有时会呼朋引伴地外出玩耍，有时会将一切烦恼抛到九霄云外，在家睡个懒觉。

③总之，我可以做很多好玩有趣。

④而这个星期天,妈妈却请来她的朋友为我辅导功课，让我不耻下问，温故知新。

（1文中加点词语有一个使用不当，请找出并改为合适的词语。

（2分改为（2文中第句有语病,请将改正后的句子写在下面的横线上。

（2分2•阅读下面的短文，回答后面小题。

（9分躺在母亲身边①母亲病了，躺在床上，我就坐在母亲的床边玩电脑。

②母亲大多数的时候是悄无声息地躺在床上的，但是有时候也会试探着想跟我说话。

惠州市2016届高三模拟考试语文试卷2016.4第Ⅰ卷阅读甲必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面文章，完成1～3题。

“90后”写作的兴起与文学的新变化张颐武最近，大冰、卢思浩、张皓宸、沈煜伦、苑子文、苑子豪等年轻畅销书作者的新书，在短期内占据了当当、京东等图书销售排行榜的半壁江山。

而“80后”的张嘉佳更是成为最近的最引人注目的作家。

这些人在传统的纯文学领域几乎没有受到任何关注，但他们在“80后”、“90后”的读者中都引发了相当大的反响。

这些以“90后”为主的作者很多都是以篇幅短小、语言幽默与温和的小感伤相结合的方式来表现日常生活，这些作品有一点像过去的所谓“小小说”。

但他们的写作很接近短小的段子，用一个小故事来表现温情和感伤的混合复杂的情绪。

这些作者的作品受到年轻读者的欢迎绝非偶然。

一方面是生活环境的影响。

“90后”生活在中国发展比较顺畅的时候，温饱有余，受过较好的教育，没有遭遇大喜大悲，过着庸常的生活，日常生活中失个恋可能就是大事。

反观过去，牺牲、苦难、生活的艰窘都是稀松平常的事。

他们的体验和前几代人不同，但同样有许多生活的挑战。

因此写作是在当下的环境中出现。

另一方面则是读者的需要，这些作者面对的读者主要是上世纪80年代以后出生的人，他们面临结婚生子、毕业就业、考试升学，有着人际关系、抗压能力不足等一系列的困扰，需要有文学作品来给他们更多的抚慰和激励。

与韩寒、郭敬明这些早年成名的“80后”作家相比，张嘉佳等虽然年龄接近，但写作显然和他们不同，他们和“90后”的作者的写作相当接近。

“90后”作家出来较晚，他们经历了长期的市场磨炼，从写段子开始，对市场的运作很熟悉，有高度的敏锐性。

他们作品中反叛性不强，就是生活的平常性，人物也是不好不坏，有点小感伤、小同情，又有调侃机智，似乎对社会看透了的感觉。

没有大喜大悲，写的就是生活中恋爱失恋等小波澜，这也是全球的中产生活的一种常态的表达。

韩寒、郭敬明接触现实和“90后”还是有所不同，当时的文学界对这几位作者有相当的关注。

2． 第 I 卷每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号．第 II 卷用 0.5 毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上 书写作答．若在试题卷上作答，答案无效．
3． 考试结束，监考员将试题卷、答题卡一并收回．
第Ⅰ卷Βιβλιοθήκη 一．选择题：本大题共 12 小题，每小题 5 分。在每个小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符 合题目要求的。
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（11）过抛物线 y2 4x 的焦点 F 作直线交抛物线于 A (x1 , y1) 、 B (x2 , y2 ) 两点，
（1）设集合 P 1, 2,3, 4,Q x x 2, x R，则 P Q 等于 （ ）
（A）1 , 2, 0,1, 2
（2）双曲线 x2 y2 1的焦距为（ ） 32
（A） 3 2
（3）设 z 1 i （ i 是虚数单位），则 2 z2 (
（D）
（D）
1 ，则 x0
（
开始
a=1,b=1
① ？是
b=2b
a=a+1
）
（D）1 或 3
（D） 10
)
否 输出 b
结束
（12）对函数 f (x) ，在使 f (x) M 成立的所有常数 M 中，我们把 M 的最大值叫做函

广东省惠州市2016届高三4月模拟考试语文试题2016.4第Ⅰ卷阅读甲必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面文章，完成1～3题。

“90后”写作的兴起与文学的新变化张颐武最近，大冰、卢思浩、张皓宸、沈煜伦、苑子文、苑子豪等年轻畅销书作者的新书，在短期内占据了当当、京东等图书销售排行榜的半壁江山。

而“80后”的张嘉佳更是成为最近的最引人注目的作家。

这些人在传统的纯文学领域几乎没有受到任何关注，但他们在“80后”、“90后”的读者中都引发了相当大的反响。

这些以“90后”为主的作者很多都是以篇幅短小、语言幽默与温和的小感伤相结合的方式来表现日常生活，这些作品有一点像过去的所谓“小小说”。

但他们的写作很接近短小的段子，用一个小故事来表现温情和感伤的混合复杂的情绪。

这些作者的作品受到年轻读者的欢迎绝非偶然。

一方面是生活环境的影响。

“90后”生活在中国发展比较顺畅的时候，温饱有余，受过较好的教育，没有遭遇大喜大悲，过着庸常的生活，日常生活中失个恋可能就是大事。

反观过去，牺牲、苦难、生活的艰窘都是稀松平常的事。

他们的体验和前几代人不同，但同样有许多生活的挑战。

因此写作是在当下的环境中出现。

另一方面则是读者的需要，这些作者面对的读者主要是上世纪80年代以后出生的人，他们面临结婚生子、毕业就业、考试升学，有着人际关系、抗压能力不足等一系列的困扰，需要有文学作品来给他们更多的抚慰和激励。

与韩寒、郭敬明这些早年成名的“80后”作家相比，张嘉佳等虽然年龄接近，但写作显然和他们不同，他们和“90后”的作者的写作相当接近。

“90后”作家出来较晚，他们经历了长期的市场磨炼，从写段子开始，对市场的运作很熟悉，有高度的敏锐性。

他们作品中反叛性不强，就是生活的平常性，人物也是不好不坏，有点小感伤、小同情，又有调侃机智，似乎对社会看透了的感觉。

没有大喜大悲，写的就是生活中恋爱失恋等小波澜，这也是全球的中产生活的一种常态的表达。

惠州市 2016 届高三第一次模拟考试英语2016.4．注意事项： 1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。

因考试不考听力，第I 卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。

2．回答第I 卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答题标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.回答第 II 卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第 I 卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（ A 、 B、 C 和 D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ADear Daughter,As we drove off from Columbia University, I wanted to write a letter to you to tell youall that is on my mind.College will be the most important years in your life. It is in college that you will truly discover what learning is about. I encourage you to be inquisitive, but I also want to tell you: "Education is what you have left after all that is taught is forgotten." What I mean by that is thematerials taught isn't as important as you gaining the ability to learn a new subject, and the abilityto analyze a new problem. That is really what learning in college is about — this will be the period where you go from teacher-taught to master-inspired, after which you must become a self-learner. So do take each subject seriously, and even if what you learn isn't critical for your life, the skills of learning will be something you cherish forever ， so do your best in classes and learn.Take care of yourself and follow your passion in college. Take courses you think you will enjoy. Don't be trapped in what others think or say.Most importantly, make friends and be happy. College friends are often the best in life. Picka few friends and become really close to them —pick the ones who are genuine and sincere to you. People are not perfect, so as long as they are genuine and sincere, trust them and be good to them. They will give back. This is my secret of success — that I am genuine with people and trust themPlease treasure your college years – make the best of your free time, become an independent thinker in control of your destiny, be bold to experiment, learn and grow through your successes and challenges. May Columbia become the happiest four years in your life, and may you blossom into just what you dream to be.Love,Dad (& Mom)21.What can we learn from paragraph 2?cation is what you learn at school.B.Ability is more important than knowledge.C.Learning and analyzing are equally important.D.Colleges only focus on skills of learning.22.The writer thinks his daughter should_____________.A. ask for his advice on her choiceB. make a lot of friendsC. get along well with her friendsD. spare no effort to succeed23. According to the passage, the writer is a _________ father.A. wise and caringB. strict and warm-heartedC. generous and talentedD. diligent and successful24. Why does the father write this letter?A. To inform his daughter of college life.C. To broaden his daughter’s mind..B. To show father ’s love.D. To guide his daughter. BAs the proverb goes, man struggles upwards; water flows downwards. Water runs downhill from mountaintops to streams, to rivers and to oceans. But downhill isn’tthe only waythat water moves. A new study measures how water travels from country to country for human consumption. This flow isn the type’t we usually think about.These scientists looked at the water used to grow and make the products which get shipped from nation to nation as imports or exports. They call this a flow of“ virtual water”.We typically think about water as the liquid that flows from a tap. However,92％of the waterused by people goes into growing crops, according to a water researcher Arjen Hoekstra. Herecently studied the hidden travels of virtual water used in products made from things likecrops and meats. These products are shipped around the world.For example, consider a sugary soft drink. Hoekstra estimated that to produce one half-literof the drink requires between 170 and 310 liters of water — about 95% is used to grow and process the ingredients( 原料 ).Another 4 ％ goes into the packaging and labeling. In Hoekstra ’s calculation, when one country produces a half-liter of soda and sells it abroad ，it exports as much virtual water as would fill a large refrigerator ．According to Hoekstra ’s new report，dry countries like Israel and Kuwait ，both in the Middle East, get the majority of their virtual water from other countries ，through imported products. More surprisingly, some wetter countries ，like the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, also getor produce the products and food consumed in those countries came from other countries.25. The proverb in Paragraph One is used to_________.A. inspire readers to struggle upwardB. tell a law of natureC. introduce the topic of the passageD. summarize the main idea of the passage26. In which countries does most part of virtual water come from outside? .A. The United Kingdom and ChinaB. America and IsraelC. The Netherlands and KuwaitD. The Netherlands and America27. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Benefits of Virtual WaterB. Hidden Uses of WaterC. Crops and Virtual WaterD. Water ’Worldwides Travels28. Where does the passage probably come from?A .A science news report. B. A newspaper advertisement.C. A book review.D. A science fiction story.CThough many Internet celebrities try to shrug off their fame, Yan Mingliang, 27, has dreamedof joining the Internet elite( 精英 ) ever since he entered college.However, luck didn ’tfavor him. Instead, fame fell into the lap of his pet dog, Beiji. In early 2015, Yan used his microblog to post two pictures of Beiji lying on the ground, and they went viral on social media. Because he took the photos at a strange angle, it almost looks like Beiji’s body has fallen apart.Finally, Yan got to experience what is like to be an Internet celebrity, or more accurately, theowner of an Internet celebrity dog. New followers started to flood in, and Yan received hundredsof private messages each day. In less than four weeks, Yan managed to attract more than20,000 followers. “I am famous now. ”Yan thought at that time.However, fame didn ’tjust bring joy, but also annoyance. Since Beiji was only 3 months old and Yan sometimes had to put him into a cage as a means of “education ”, there were also private messages from followers who fiercely criticized Yan for being too cruel.“It gradually occurred to me that no matter how frankly you present yourself on social media,Internet users only witness part of your life. And their judgments depend on that partial life storyof yours, said” Yan, “They don ’tknow how hard it is to raise a pet dog when you ’re unemployed, Yan explained. They also don ’tcare about whether the dog they ’re enjoying is being pushed too hard.”Yan finally decided to leave his Internet fame behind and focus more on his real life.“Thelesson I learned is that, if you can ’tlive up to your followers ’expectations, it ’s better not to be an Internet celebrity, ”he said.29. The underlined phrase “went viral ”in Paragraph 2 probably means______.A. were exposedB. became widely-spread30.Why did Yan become famous?A.Because his dog became famous.B.Because he posted two pictures on the Internet.C.Because he took a strange picture.D.Because he became an Internet celebrity.31.How did Yan probably feel at first when he realized he became well-known?A. puzzled and annoyedB. surprised and tiredC. disappointed and annoyedD. excited and joyful32.What can we infer from what Yan said in the last two paragraphs?A.It is hard to raise a pet dog.B.He isn ’tfully understood on the Internet.C.He decided to stop making use of his microblog.D.Internet celebrities can ’tsatisfy their followers.DYou might think going to school during the summer is opposite to what summertime is allabout. But for the thousands of Calgary kids with a true love of learning, there ’ s no bette have fun with their education, while at the same time getting a rough idea of what theirpost-secondary future might hold.The University of Calgary, Mount Royal University and SAIT Polytechnic all offersummertime programs that give kids hands-on experience in the labs and other facilities they ’ll beworking in down the road.“Our bread and butter is Mini University PhD, ” says Don McSwiney, spokesperson for U ofC Summer Camps. “ The idea is to give people a fun learning experience and a hands-on learningexperience, which helps kids understand concepts better than learning in a book. Mini University ”PhD gets kids into the labs and art studios of the U of C, where they take part in programs such asThe Scientist, where they learn about topics like mapping DNA and creating volcanoes. Mini Uprograms dealing with art and sports are also being offered this year. Minds in Motion motivateskids to explore science, engineering and technology in a hands-on way.At Mount Royal, the MRU Kids program is marking its 20th anniversary. “ We have about 18 different programs for children from 6 to 17. ”says program administrator Maya Anderson.There' s also the ConocoPhillips Youth Science Academy for ages 13 to 17 ， which focuses moreon the academic -- those who want to go into science. More than 3,200 kids are expected to takepart in MRU summer programs, which helps to keep kids engaged in learning through the summerin a fun way.SAIT Polytechnic has added more camps for the grades 4 to 6 range, and the list includestopics ranging from Sports Science and SCISpy, to Planet Protectors (energy, engineering,environment).“ We focus on building self-confidence in our campers, ” says Jaros. “ Making them confidentin their ability to learn and become reengaged in learning, without the pressure of school.A. MRU kidsB. The ScientistC. Minds in MotionD. Einstein’ s Shampoo34.We can learn from the passage that_________.A.the campers have great fun in the summertime programsB.the summertime programs merely focus on hands-on learning coursesC.the program of sports has been offered for 20 yearsD.the summer campers are all confident of their future35.The purpose of the passage is __________.A. to show children’ s great desire for knowledgeB. to complain students’ stressfulduringlifethe summertimeC. to persuade parents to send their children to more programs in universityD.to introduce summertime programs performed by three Calgary universities第二节（共5小题；每小题 2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2016年广东省惠州市惠东县高考语文一模试卷一、选择题（共1小题，每小题0分，满分0分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。

一般的书法理论往往从审美特性这个角度出发来总结书法的成就，这种探索自然是有意义的。

但是，当我们过多地把目光集中在书法之“美”或书法所激起的“审美体验”上时，却往往忽视了书法和写字之间的朴素联系。

我们觉得书法是艺术的，而写字却是实用的，可是说到底，书法家不过是无穷无尽的写字者中的一员。

书法家卓然独立，只是因为他把某个字体写到了极致，从而使它具有典范的意义。

书法家从来都不能无中生有。

在书法家的书法产生之前很久，汉字已经在集体书写的基础上形成了自己的形态，发展出了一套高度有序的偏旁、笔划体系，这套体系即使脱离了汉语，也一样具有汉字的魅力。

符号学美学关心汉字和书法的有序性。

书法系统的有序性无疑就是以汉字系统的高度有序性为基础的，无论是无名氏还是书法家，为了书写汉语和汉字，都不得不首先遵从汉字的规则。

承认书法之美依赖于汉字符号系统的有序性，并不会削弱我们对书法艺术家独创性的评价。

在西方传统美学的影响下，我们把创作者的迷狂状态看得过于神秘了。

许多人觉得，不管是在作者那里，还是在读者那里，都有一种全然不同于日常经验的“审美经验”在起作用。

然而，笼而统之用“审美经验”来说事，非但不能增加艺术性，反而会败坏具体而微的艺术感觉。

相形之下，用“高峰堕石”、“夏云舒卷”等来形容书法的古人，反倒要离事情本身更为接近。

现在我们已经知道，作为书法基本造型“材料”的汉字，既不是象形的图画，也不是抽象的图案，而是一套具有极强抽象性和系统性的符号。

书法家并不关心如何在理论上把握文字的符号性，他们关心的是这些符号性的文字如何从感性上得以生动的显现。

就跟玫瑰花的能指不会被它的所指（爱情）耗尽一样，在以写字为美的文化生活形式中，文字的能指也不会被它的所指耗尽﹣﹣人们在读懂字义的同时，也停留在字的表面，琢磨如何把字写得更好。

惠州市2016届高三第一次模拟考试英语2016.4.注意事项：1.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第n卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。

因考试不考听力，第I卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“2T开始。

2 .回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答题标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.回答第II卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ADear Daughter,As we drove off from Columbia University, I wanted to write a letter to you to tell you all that is on my mind.College will be the most important years in your life. It is in college that you will truly discover what learning is about. I encourage you to be inquisitive, but I also want to tell you: "Education is what you have left after all that is taught is forgotten." What I mean by that is the materials taught isn't as important as you gaining the ability to learn a new subject, and the ability to analyze a new problem. That is really what learning in college is about — this will be the period where you go from teacher-taught to master-inspired, after which you must become a self-learner. So do take each subject seriously, and even if what you learn isn't critical for your life, the skills of learning will be something you cherish forever , so do your best in classes and learn.Take care of yourself and follow your passion in college. Take courses you think you will enjoy. Don't be trapped in what others think or say.Most importantly, make friends and be happy. College friends are often the best in life. Pick a few friends and become really close to them — pick the ones who are genuine and sincere to you. People are not perfect, so as long as they are genuine and sincere, trust them and be good to them. They will give back. This is my secret of success — that I am genuine with people and trust them （unless they do something to lose my trust）.Please treasure your college years - make the best of your free time, become an independent thinker in control of your destiny,be bold to experiment, learn and grow through your successes and challenges. May Columbia become the happiest four years in your life, and may you blossom into just what you dream to be.Love,Dad (& Mom)21. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. Education is what you learn at school. B. Ability is more important than knowledge. C. Learning and analyzing are equally important. D. Colleges only focus on skills of learning. 22. The writer thinks his daughter should. A. ask for his advice on her choice B. make a lot of friends C. get along well with her friends23. According to the passage, the writer is a A. wise and caring C. generous and talented24. Why does the father write this letter?A. To inform his daughter of college life. C. To broaden his daughter" s mind..BAs the proverb goes, man struggles upwards: water flows downwards. Water runs downhill from mountaintops to streams, to rivers and to oceans. But downhill isn' t the only waythat water moves. A new study measures how water travels from country to country for human consumption. This flow isn the typet we usually think about.These scientists looked at the water used to grow and make the products which get shipped from nation to n ation as imports or exports. They call this a flow of " virtual water ”.We typically think about water as the liquid that flows from a tap. However,92 % of the water used by people goes into growingcrops, according to a water researcher Arjen Hoekstra. He recently studied the hidden travels of virtual water used in products made from things like crops and meats. These products are shipped around the world.For example, consider a sugary soft drink. Hoekstra estimated that to produce one half-liter of the drink requires between 170and 310 liters of water — about 95% is used to grow and process the ingredients(原料).Another 4 % goes into the packaging andlabeling. In Hoekstra 's calculation, when one country produces a half-liter of soda and sells it abroad , it exports as much virtual water as would fill a large refrigerator .According to Hoekstra 's new report, dry countries like Israel and Kuwait , both in the Middle East, get the majority of theirvirtual water from other countries , through imported products. More surprisingly, some wetter countries , like the Netherlands andthe United Kingdom, also get the majority of their virtual water from other places. That means that most of the water used to grow or produce the products and food consumed in those countries came from other countries.25. The proverb in Paragraph One is used to.D. spare no effort to succeed _ father.B. strict and warm-hearted D. diligent and successfulB. To show father's love. D. To guide his daughter.A.inspire readers to struggle upwardB. tell a law of natureC. introduce the topic of the passageD. summarize the main idea of the passage26.In which countries does most part of virtual water come from outside? .A.The United Kingdom and ChinaB. America and IsraelC. The Netherlands and KuwaitD. The Netherlands and America27.What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Benefits of Virtual WaterB. Hidden Uses of WaterC. Crops and Virtual WaterD. Water 'Worldwide Travels28.Where does the passage probably come from?A .A science news report. B. A newspaper advertisement.C. A book review.D. A science fiction story.CThough many Internet celebrities try to shrug off their fame, Yan Mingliang, 27, has dreamed of joining the Internet elite（精英）ever since he entered college.However, luck didn 't favor him. Instead, fame fell into the lap of his pet dog, Beiji. In early 2015, Yan used his microblog to post two pictures of Beiji lying on the ground, and they went viral on social media. Because he took the photos at a strange angle, it almost looks like Beiji 'sbody has fallen apart.Finally, Yan got to experience what is like to be an Internet celebrity, or more accurately, the owner of an Internet celebrity dog. New followers started to flood in, and Yan received hundreds of private messages each day. In less than four weeks, Yan managed to attract more than 20,000 followers. I am famous now." Yan thought at that time.However, fame didn 't just bring joy, but also annoyance. Since Beiji was only 3 months old and Yan sometimes had to put him into a cage as a means of education", there were also private messages from followers who fiercely criticized Yan for being too cruel.It gradually occurred to me that no matter how frankly you present yourself on social media, Internet users only witness part of your life. And their judgments depend on that partial life story of yours, said Yan, They don't know how hard it is to raise a pet dog when you 're unemployed, Yan explained. They also don 't care about whether the dog they 're enjoying is being pushed too hard."Yan finally decided to leave his Internet fame behind and focus more on his real life. The lesson I learned is that, if you can 't live up to your followers ' expectations, it's better not to be an Internet celebrity," he said.29.The underlined phrase went viral " in Paragraph 2 probably means .A. were exposedB. became widely-spreadC. were criticizedD. became viruses30.Why did Yan become famous?A.Because his dog became famous.B.Because he posted two pictures on the Internet.C.Because he took a strange picture.D.Because he became an Internet celebrity.31.How did Yan probably feel at first when he realized he became well-known?A. puzzled and annoyedB. surprised and tiredC. disappointed and annoyedD. excited and joyful32.What can we infer from what Yan said in the last two paragraphs?A.It is hard to raise a pet dog.B.He isn't fully understood on the Internet.C.He decided to stop making use of his microblog.D.Internet celebrities can 't satisfy their followers.DYou might think going to school during the summer is opposite to what summertime is all about. But for the thousands of Calgary kids with a true love of learning, there ' s no bette have fun with their education, while at the same time getting a rough idea of what their post-secondary future might hold.The University of Calgary, Mount Royal University and SAIT Polytechnic all offer summertime programs that give kids hands-on experience in the labs and other facilities they ' ll be working in down the road.Our bread and butter is Mini University PhD, " says Don McSwiney, spokesperson for U of C Summer Camps. " The idea is to give people a fun learning experience and a hand-on learning experience, which helps kids understand concepts better than learning in a book. Mini University "PhD gets kids into the labs and art studios of the U of C, where they take part in programs such as The Scientist, where they learn about topics like mapping DNA and creating volcanoes. Mini U programs dealing with art and sports are also being offered this year. Minds in Motion motivates kids to explore science, engineering and technology in a hands-on way.At Mount Royal, the MRU Kids program is marking its 20th anniversary. " We have about 18 different programs for children from 6 to 17. " says program administrator Maya Anderson.There's also the ConocoPhillips Youth Science Academy for ages 13 to 17 , which focuses more on the academic -- those who want to go into science. More than 3,200 kids are expected to take part in MRU summer programs, which helps to keep kids engaged in learning through the summer in a fun way.SAIT Polytechnic has added more camps for the grades 4 to 6 range, and the list includes topics ranging from Sports Science and SCISpy, to Planet Protectors (energy, engineering, environment)."We focus on building self-confidence in our campers, " says Jaros. " Making them confident in their ability to learn and become reengaged in learning, without the pressure of school.33.If a student wants to know how to map DNA, he should attend.A. MRU kidsB. The ScientistC. Minds in MotionD. Einstein ' s Shampoo34.We can learn from the passage that.A.the campers have great fun in the summertime programsB.the summertime programs merely focus on hands-on learning coursesC.the program of sports has been offered for 20 yearsD.the summer campers are all confident of their future35.The purpose of the passage is.A.to show children ' s great desire for knowledgeB.to complain students ' stredsifuih gfthe summertimeC.to persuade parents to send their children to more programs in universityD.to introduce summertime programs performed by three Calgary universities第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。