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定语从句
【知识简介】
名词或代词由一个从句来修饰，该从句即定语从句。定语从句一般后置，但as引导的修饰全句的定语从句可以前置（倒装）。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as等以及关系副词when, where, why等。关系代词或关系副词放在被修饰的名词或代词（又叫做先行词）和定语从句之间起联系作用，同时又作定语从句中的一个成份。
【要点难点】
1)that和which的用法区别
只用that的情况：
①先行词由最高级修饰时，如the best work that I can do。
②先行词由序数词修饰时，如the second book that I bought。
③先行词由the last, the only, the same, the very等修饰时。
④先行词是不定代词all, anything, everything, little, much, nobody, nothing等时，如anything that he does; all that I can do now等。
⑤先行词有any, no, all等限定词时，如all the words that I have learned。
⑥先行词为词组，该词组既含人又含物时，如the city and the people that I visited。只用which的情况：
①在非限定性定语从句中（定语从句前有逗号）。
②介词后。
请看that和which的使用例句：
(1)It is the best film that’s has ever been made on the subject of madness. 这是以精神病为题材而拍摄的影片中最好的一段。
(2)Shakespeare is the greatest poet that England has ever had. 莎士比亚是英国最伟大的诗人
(3)He is the last person that one would suspect. 人们最不可能怀疑他。
(4)Man is the only creature that is gifted with speech. 只有人类具有语言的天赋。
(5) A fool sees not the same tree that a wise man sees. 一个傻瓜看到的树和一个聪明人看到的树不一样。
(6)Those were the very words that he said at the meeting. 这些就是他在会上说的原话。
(7)All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的并不都是金子。
(8)Anything that you have to say had better be said in each other’s presence. 有话最好当面说。
(9)There is still much that is to be done. 仍然有很多事要做。
(10)I have changed my mind. Nothing that you say will change it. 我已经改变了主意，无论你说什么也无法改变它。
(11) Nobody that was there could convince her of her mistake. 这那儿没有一个人能使她明白她的错误。
(12)Every paper that you read gives the same story. 你看的每份报纸都报道同样的新闻。
(13)I still can’t forget the places and the people that I visited during last summer vacation. 我仍然难以忘怀去年暑假我见到的地方和人。
2)关系代词（that, which, who, whom等）和关系副词（when, where 等）的用法区别
①关系代词在定语从句作主语、宾语或表语，而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
②分析时主要从动词的及物性或有无介词来考虑。
看如下对比例句：
①This is the factory where my father once worked. 这是我父亲曾工作过的工厂。（worked是不及物动词，不接宾语，所以不用which/that。where相当于in the factory）This is the factory which/that my father once worked in.（worked in的宾语是factory，故用关系代词which/that）
②I will never forget the days which/that I spent in the wood near our village. 我忘不了我在我村边小树林里度过的
I will never forget the days when I spent my holidays with my grandparents. 我忘不了我和我的祖父母一起度假的日子。（spent的宾语是holidays，不是the days）
I will never forget the small village where I spent my holidays. 我忘不了我度假的小村庄。（与上句一样，spent的宾语是my holidays）
③Is this the school which/that you visited the other day? 这是你几天前参观过的学校吗？（the school作visited的宾语）
Is this the school where you visited your teacher the other day? 这是你几天前拜访你老师的学校吗？（visited在定语从句中有自己的宾语your teacher，所以不用that/which）
3)whose的用法
whose是关系限定词，既可以指人也可以指物，即既可以说“某人的”，也可以说“某物的”。
①Fortune never helps the man whose courage fails. 运气永远不会帮助丧失勇气的人。
②That's the man whose house has burned down. 那就是那位房屋烧毁的人。
③Have you noticed the house whose windows are closed now? 你注意到了那家窗户关着的房子吗？
④He’s written a book whose name I have completely forgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我完全忘记了。
⑤Above the trees are the mountains, whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 在树林的高处是山，其壮丽的景色完全映照在河面上。
注：在正式文体中，指物时，whose往往用of which表示。of which可放在被修饰的名词之前或之后，而whose只能放在被修饰的名词之前。例如：The house whose windows/of which the windows/the windows of which are broken is unoccupied.（那间窗户破了的房屋没人居住。）
whose前有时有介词。
⑥The teacher in whose class my daughter is studying is a kindhearted man. 我女儿所在的那位老师心地善良。
⑦Michel Croz, with whose help, Woolworth climbed to the mountain top, was one of the prefessional guides. 米歇尔?克罗兹是职业向导之一，在他的帮助下伍德沃斯攀登到了山顶。
⑧Then we had a chance to talk with that tall man, from whose accent we at once knew that he came from Hunan Province. 后来我们有机会和那个高个子说话，我们从他的口音迅速知道他是个湖南人。
4)限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别：限制性定语从句是先行词（即被修饰词）不可缺少的定语，限制性定语从句前不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果去掉，先行词所述对象仍很清楚，非限制性定语从句前常用逗号隔开。这里有两个例句及分析：
Those who want to go camping please tell the monitor. 想去野营的人请告诉班长。（定语从句who want to go camping在句中不可少，否则先行词those不知道指谁，也就变得无意义，因此它是限制性定语从句。）
Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 足球风靡全世界，它是一项很有趣的运动。（定语从句which is a very interesting game只是对意义已很明确的football作一个补充说明，因此它是非限制性定语从句。）
注意，非限制性定语从句可以用关系代词which, who, whom, whose, as及介词+which/whom等引导，也可以用关系副词when, where引导，但不能用that引导。另外，非限制性定语从句中的关系代词或关系副词是不能省略的。
5)whom的用法
只有作定语从句中的宾语时才能用whom；介词后用whom不用who。口语中whom 前无介词时可用that或who代替。
①My brother, whom you met the other day, has gone abroad. 前几天你遇见过的我的那个兄弟，出国去了。
②I have a few friends whom I could ring to see if they are free. 我有几个朋友，我可以打电话去联系，看看他们是不是有时间。
③You have many people around you who are kind to you but whom you will soon forget. 你周围有许多对你好的人，但你都会很快忘记他们。
④There came a lot of children, most of whom I didn’t know. 来了许多孩子，大多数我都不认识。
6)介词＋which/whom引导的定语从句
如果关系代词which/whom本身在定语从句中充当一个介词或介词短语的宾语的时候，有时可以将介词直接放在which/whom的前面，这样就产生了“介词＋关系代词”及“名词或代词＋介词＋which/whom”或“复合介词＋which/whom”等的结构。
①I know the man to whom you talked just now. 我认识你刚才与之说话的那个人。
②Life is a flower of which love is honey. 人生是花朵，爱情是花蜜。
③He was educated at the local grammar school, after which he went on to Cambridge. 当在当地的一所中学上学，此后就去上了剑桥大学。
④It’s a family of five children, all of whom are studying music. 这一家有五个孩子，他们都在学音乐。
⑤In the attic we found some apples, none of which was fit to eat. 在阁楼里我们发现了一些苹果，其中没有一个能吃的。
⑥I have three brothers, all of whom have gone abroad. 我有三个兄弟，他们都出国了。
⑦Soon they spotted a mountain, on top of which stood a temple. 不久他们发现了一座山，山顶上有一座庙宇。
7)why引导的定语从句
关系副词why用在reason之后，只引导限制性定语从句，why在从句中作状语，表示原因。
①Give me the reason why you should be interested in his affairs. 告诉我你为什么竟对他的事这样感兴趣。
②The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat. 她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。
③That is the reason why he raised the question. 这就是他所以提出问题的原因。
注意：有时reason后不一定是why引导的定语从句。如下列句子中，reason后接的是which/that引导的定语从句，这是因为，reason在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
④Is this the reason which/that the chairman gave at the meeting? 这就是主席在会上所给的理由吗？
⑤I really can’t understand the reason that/which he explained. 我实在无法理解他所解释的理由。
8)where引导定语从句有时修饰一些具有抽象意义的表示地点的名词，如situation, point, position等等。
①If you are ever in a situation where someone starts shooting, drop to the ground. 如果你遇到有人要射击的情况就摔倒在地上。
②But after a few days’ stay they got to the point where they could read each other's thoughts. 不过呆了几天之后，他们到了一个彼此能理解相互想法的阶段。
③It got to the point where I couldn't remember any of the reasons I loved him. 到那时候，我无法记起我爱他的任何理由了。
9)the way后的定语从句
The way后的定语从句用in which引导，in which可以用that代替，而that又可以省略。所以，表达“某人做某事的方法”有三种形式：1. the way in which somebody does something 2. the way that somebody does something 3. the way somebody does something.
10)which指代前面的句中的内容
which的这一用法只能以非限定性定语从句出现。
①Jenny was late for school a third time during the week, which made her teacher very angry. 詹妮一周内第三次迟到了，这使得她老师很生气。
②He left early, which was wise. 他早早地离开，那是很明智的。
He suddenly became wealthy, which changed his whole mode of life. 他忽然变得富有了，这改变了他整个的生活方式。
③He often helps me with my lessons, which is kind of him. 他经常在功课方面帮助我，真是感谢他。
11)which作关系限定词的情况
which作为关系限定词时，其本身代替前面所陈述的内容。
①She asked me to see the doctor, which advice I took at once. 她要我去看医生，我立即采纳了她的建议。
②He is studying economics, which knowledge is very important today. 他正在攻读经济学，这门知识在今天是非常重要的。
③He believes in students’ doing more homework, which idea I am quite opposed to. 他相信要让学生做更多的家庭作业，我非常反对这个观点。
which的这种用法常伴随介词而用。常见的词组形式有by which means, during which time, in which case, for which mistake, for which reason等等。
④She may have missed the train, in which case (=if this happens) she won't arrive for another hour. 她也许没赶上火车，如果那样的话，她一小时是到不了的。
⑤I called him by the wrong name, for which mistake I apologize. 我叫错了他的名字，为此我道歉。
⑥He didn’t feel well that morning, for which reason he didn’t attend school. 那天早晨他感到不舒服，因此，他没去上学。
⑦Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French. 汤姆在大学上了四年学，在这段时间里，他学会了法语。
12)as用法
关系代词as引导定语从句有两种形式。（1）as引导一个非限制性定语从句修饰一个分句，as代表该分句所表达的整个概念或其中一部分的概念。as定语从句可置于句首、句中或句尾；as本身在从句中充当主语、宾语及表语。（2）用于as … as, the same … as, so … as, such … as等结构中。
as用法的第一种情况：
①As is known to all, the earth moves around the sun. 众所周知，地球围绕太阳旋转。
②He must be an African, as may be seen from the color of his skin. 他准是个非洲人，这可以从他的肤色看得出来。
③If he comes late, as is usual, for another time, we’ll not receive him. 如果他再一次像以往那样迟到，我们就不接待他了。
④She is a fine singer, as her mother used to be. 她是个很出色的歌唱家，像她的母亲当年一样。
⑤As you will find out, all is now settled. 你会发现，现在一切都解决了。
⑥Helen is somewhat crazy, as everyone could see. 海伦有些神经错乱，这种情况每个人都看得出。
注意这一类的as表面上看好像和which代替全句时的用法相似，但as引导的定语从句的最大特点是它的意思多侧重于表达“（正）像……、（正）如……”及类似的意思。一般说来，当关系代词在从句中作be动词的主语或一般动词的宾语时，which 和as可交替使用；当关系代词在从句中作一般动词（非be动词）的主语时，只能用which；as可置于句首、句中，而which则不能。例如：
⑦He was late for school, as/which was usual with him. 他上学迟到了，他经常这样。
⑧He saw the girl, as/which he had hoped (he would). 他见到了那位姑娘姑娘，正像他希望的那样。
as用法的第二种情况：
①There’s as good fish in the sea as ever came out of it. 海里有的是鱼；天涯处处有芳草。
②Here is so big a stone as no man can lift. 这是一块没人能搬动的大石头。
③Her manner and attitude toward him were quite the same as they had always been.
她对他的举止和态度和往常是完全相同的。
④He does not possess such a mind as is necessary to a scientist. 他缺乏科学家所必须具备的头脑。
⑤Such food as they gave us was scarcely fit to eat. 他们给我们的食物很不适合吃。
⑥ A man such as he will surely succeed. 像他这样的人是肯定会成功的。
13)介词+whom/which + to do的类定语从句结构的不定式用法
①This is a useful tool with which to cut steel. 这是可以用来切割钢材的工具。
②Can you recommend someone from whom to learn how to use the software? 你能推荐一个可以向他讨教使用这一软件的人吗？
③It’s not a room in which to live comfortably. 这不是可以舒适居住的房间。
这一结构的介词位置固定，不可移到动词之后，如第一句中的with which to cut steel 不可改成which to cut steel with。
14)嵌入式定语从句
有一种定语从句，在其从句中的主语和谓语之间有一个插入语如I think。这一种定语从句叫做嵌入式定语从句。嵌入的分句的谓语动词常常是think, believe, guess, imagine, say, suppose, be sure, doubt等等。
①She offered a suggestion which she said would interest you. 她提出一个她说一定会引起你兴趣的建议。
②He wrote letters to every person and organization that he believed might be able to help. 他写信给每个人和每个组织，他相信可能有帮助。
③That is the engineer who I think is the right man chosen for the job. 那位就是我认为适合被选派做这项工作的工程师。
整理丨尼克
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I feel sorry for famous people who live their lives in the glare of publicity.我真可怜那些要在众目睽睽之下生活的名人。He's not the kind of man who would go back on his words.他不是那种背信弃义的人。 People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine.在草坪上行走要罚款。 The man who I saw is called Smith.我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。 The man who telephoned was a friend of yours.打电话的人是你的一位朋友。 He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好。 There is a lady who wants to see you.有一位女士要见你。 The girl with whom he had been living for two years suddenly packed her bags and left.这姑娘和他同居了两年,突然收拾起行李走掉了。 The police have pulled in a half dozen people whom they suspect.警方已逮捕6个他们怀疑的人。 That's the girl (whom) I teach. 那就是我教的女孩。 The person (whom) you wish to see has come.你希望见到的人已经来了。 He is a shallow thinker whose opinions aren't worth much.他看问题很浅薄,他的意见没有多大价值。 The play,whose style is rigidly formal,is typical of the period.这剧本是那个时期的典型作品,风格拘谨刻板。 Nobody is going to buy a house whose front door opens onto a gas works.没有谁会买一栋前门对着煤气厂的房子。 I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.我想要一个窗户面临大海的房间。 This is the room which is kept for the reception of visitors.这是专供接待来访者用的房间。 There is a special parasite which gives rise to the itch.有一种特别的寄生虫会导致皮炎。 Lally was right about the repairs which the cottage needed.拉莉关于农舍需要如何修理的意见是正确的。 Rule out neatly any words which you don't wish Jack to read.把你不想让杰克看的词句整整齐齐地划掉。 The sports day is an occasion which we can all join in.运动日是大家都能参加运动的一个机会。 that work very hard. 她是特别用功的学生之一。 Is he the man that sells eggs?他是卖鸡蛋的那个人吗? I like those cookies that are coated with chocolate spread.我喜欢那些裹巧克力酱的甜饼。 The letter that I received from him yesterday is very important.我昨天收到的他那封来信很重要。 Here is the car that I had told you about.这就是我和你谈过的那辆汽车。 The two brothers were satisfied with this decision,as was agreed beforehand.两兄弟对这个事先已经同意的决定都满意。 I never heard such stories as he tells.我从未听过他讲的这类故事。 I have never seen such a man as you talked about.我从没见过你说到的那种人。 During this terrible year they took only such food as they could find.在这可怕的年头里,他们只能找到什么吃什么。 He is not the same boy as he was.他和从前不一样了。 Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been.她对他的态度同她一贯的态度完全一样。 I gave him old clothes which he made a penny of.我给了他一些旧衣服,让他拿去换钱。 The situation (which) we had got into was very dangerous.我们当时的处境很危险。 The man (whom) we sent the present to is a doctor of laws.我们寄给他礼物的那个人是位法学博士。 He married a wife by whom he had two daughters.他娶了妻并和她生了两个女儿。 Water is the natural medium in which most fish live.水是大多数鱼类生活的自然环境。 There were long periods when we had no news of him.我们曾好长时间没有他的消息。 Jenney dreams of the day when she will be playing the piano for a living.珍妮梦想着有朝一日能以演奏钢琴为生。 This is the hour when the place is full of people.这种时候这地方到处都是人。 Returning to a city where one used to live can be a saddening experience.重归故地有时会给人带来几许惆怅。 I went off in search of a garage where I could buy some petrol.我跑去寻找加油站买汽油。 The tourists sought out a shady spot where they sat down and rested. 旅游者找到一块阴凉的地方坐下休息。 The reason why she didn't get the job was that her English was not very good.她没得到这个工作的原因是她的英语不是很好。 The reason why he is late is that his car went wrong.他迟到的原因是他的汽车坏了。 That is the reason why we must go now.这就是我们现在必须走的理由。 This is one of the basic reasons why some of our work can't be done well.这是我们有些工作做不好的一个基本原因。 This is the way how he always treats me. 他一贯就是这样对待我的。 That's the way how I learn English.那就是我学英语的方法。
2020 语法专题材料--定语从句100 题 1.The person is talking to the students is our teacher. A. whom B. / C. who D. which 2.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person he could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 3.Mr. White is one of the foreign experts who in China. A. worked B. working C. are working D. has been working 4.Mr. White is the only one of the foreign experts who in China. A. worked B. working C. are working D. has been working 5.The games the young men competed were very difficult. A. in which B. which C. that D. in that 6.Anyone this plan may speak out. A. that against B. what against C. who is against D. who are against 7.Those not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learn B. who learns C. that learns D. who learn 8.Finally, the thief handed everything he had stolen to the police. A. whatever B. which C. what D. that 9.All is needed is a supply of water. A. the thing B. that C. what D. which 10.This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. A. which B. what C. that D. of what 11.Didn’t you see the girl ? A. I nodded just now B. I nodded to her just now C. whom I nodded just now D. I nodded to just now 12.Have you seen the young man ? A. that I told B. whom I told you C. I told you about D. I told you 13.He passed the exam this time, pleases his parents. A. it B. which C. this D. that 14.I have two sisters, are teachers. A. both of who B. both of whom C. both of them D. whom of both 15.The bike last week has gone wrong. A. I bought it B. which I bought it C. I bought D. what I bought 16.We talked for about an hour of things and persons we remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 17.The matter you were arguing about yesterday has been settled. A. that B. what C. why D. for which
定语从句详解+例句 一、定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) The school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等 (1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)
定语从句巩固练习 一、用定语从句翻译下列句子 1.不努力学习的学生不会通过考试的。 2.她上周买的房子非常好看 3.这就是他爸爸工作的地方。 4.你们已经取得了很大的进步，这使老师非常高兴. 5.众所周知，他是一个好学生。 6.北京是中国的首都，它是一座美丽的城市。 7.鲁迅的原名(real name)是周树人。在他的一生中他写了很多小说和散文（prose) 8.杰克来自加拿大，他在我们学校已经学习了3年, 他不仅经常帮助我们学英语，而且中文也讲的很不错。 9.有什么我可以为你做的么？ 10.不要读那些你看不懂的书。 11.我永远都不会忘记我们在高中学习的那段时光。 12.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 13.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。 14.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。 15.众所周知，吸烟损害(do harm to/ be harmful to)健康。 16.这本小说很动人(touching/ moving)，我已经读了三遍。 17.中国位于亚洲东部，是世界上最大的国家之一。 18.北京是中国的首都，有1200多万人口。 19.吴川位于广东省西南部，面积约860平方公里square kilometres，人口超过100万。 20.Ken是我的同学，今年17岁。 21.他学习很努力，老师和学生们都很喜欢他。 22.周星驰Stephen Chow，1962年6月22日出生于香港，是家中唯一一个男孩，从小跟着他的三个姐姐 在上海长大。 23.费孝通，我国著名的社会学家（sociologist）和社会活动家（social activist），1910年11月2日生于一 个富裕家庭。 24.我们在医院一直照顾的老太太死了. 25.你想娶的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。 26.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。 27.你喜欢的女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。 28.昨天被我家的狗咬的人今天又被你家狗咬了。 29.你知道他打算娶你的原因吗？ 30.我讨厌我住过的那个旅馆。 31.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天。 32.他爱了20年的那个女孩昨天嫁人了。
Attributive Clause定语从句 一、定义 定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句。换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 1关系代词：在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分 2关系副词：在定语从句中担任状语成分 关系词3个功能： 1. 连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句）； 2. 担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语）； 3. 替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词）。 关系代词在定语从句中充当 主语的是： who, that, which, as 宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as 定语的是： whose, which 先行词是人时，关系代词是：who, whom, that, as 先行词是物时，关系代词是：which, that, whose, as 关系副词有：when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因) 关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom 定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性，且一般由which引导。 唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
定语从句经典例句(2010-05-25 11:24:23)英语语法 要了解定语从句，我们先得明白定语是啥，如果我给介绍一个人或者描述一样东西，以介绍一个人为例，如果我说是个女孩，那么你头脑中的对我介绍的人印象清晰么，应该就一女孩轮廓，但如果我说一个漂亮的，穿着红色衣服的，站在站台上的，那么你对这个人印象是不是逐渐清晰了，这里漂亮的，红色的，站在站台上的便是定语。 我们看看例子先 a pretty girl a girl in red a girl standing in the platform a girl who is standing in the platform is lucy 上例中打彩色部分便都是定语，定语通常是修饰名词，如果定语是一个词并且能完整表达一个意思，定语便放在被修饰词前面，否则就放后面，请观察pretty是一个词，便是放前面的，这是你也许会说，a pretty little girl，pretty 和little不是两个词，怎么就放被修饰词前面了呢，一定要注意，pretty和little都是一个并且是各自能表达完整的意思滴。 上例中彩色部分都是定语，定语可以是一个形容词（pretty），可以是介词短语（in red），也可以是分词短语（standing in the platform），也可以是一个句子（who is standing in the platform），而当定语从句是一个句子时，这个句子呢，就是定语从句。 由于定语从句是一个句子，毫无疑问滴，必定不可能是一个词，所以都是放在被修饰词的后面，我们还给这个被修饰的词起了个名字，先行词，因为修饰她的句子还在后面，她先出现的。 然后我们在说说这定语从句，在英语中呢有个规定就是一个句子中有且只能有一个谓语，就好比我们人呢只能有一个心脏。（事物是普遍联系的），那我们人啥时候可能会有两个心脏呢？。。。。。对了，有宝宝的时候，男同胞貌似目前不可能哈，那么句子有个子句的时候便可以有两个谓语了，这时候我们便需要一个东西来标志其子句特征，人类呢是以大肚子，从句便以她的关系代词。我们例子中的who便是关系代词，这个关系我们也可以理解成人类的脐带，将子句和母句联系到一起。所以这关系代词也是紧挨着先行词的。 所以偶们先要搞清楚啥是定语从句，啥是先行词，啥是关系代词。咱再琢磨这定语从句如何用。 1.He is a famous star. 2.Who’s that girl in red?
英语写作中最易犯的100个错误，强烈建议收藏，高中三年都有用 写作是对同学们运用英语的综合能力的考查，是最能体现英语水平的一种检测方式。同学们在写作的过程当中经常暴露一些弱点、犯一些错误。学魁榜师姐对英语作文中的常见错误按语法类别进行归纳，并举以实例，希望同学们能够由此发现自己的问题并及时改正，避免在即将到来的期中考试中犯此类写作上的错误！ 一. 名词 写作中，学生们常把握不好名词的数、所有格以及一些集合名词的用法。 1. He gave me a very good advice yesterday. 句中的a要去掉，因为advice是不可数名词。一些汉语概念为可数的词在英语中却是不可数的，表示数量时在其前加a piece of，类似的词有：news, bread, work, paper, chalk, furniture, information等等。 2. That girl loves reading book. 可数名词单数不能孤零零地放在句子里，或前面加冠词，或将其变为复数。此处最好变为books. 3. He went into a book’s shop and bought a dictionary. 一般表示有生命的东西的名词的所有格用’s，如my mother’s car, 而此处适宜用名词修饰名词，改为a book shop. 4. My family is watching TV. 一些集合名词如看成一个整体，则用单数的谓语动词，如My family is a happy one; 如强调集合中每个个体的个人行为，则用复数的谓语动词。此处看电视是个体行为，应把is改为are。类似的词有：team, class, audience等。 5. I bought some potatos and tomatos at the supermarket. 中学阶段以“o”结尾的名词中有四个词变复数时要加es，它们是tomato, potato, Negro, hero; 其余的都加s变为复数。
定语从句whose造句 导读：定语从句whose造句，一起来看看吧。 whose一般指人,但有时也指物.在定语从句中作定语. 1)You're the only one whose advice he might listen to. (whose在定语从句中作advice的定语）只有你的建议他可能会听. 2）I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea. (whose在定语从句中作window的定语）我想要一个窗户朝大海的房间. 附：定语从句详解 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名 词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现 在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的'名词或代词，并在句中充 当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2） Whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 【定语从句whose造句】 1.用that造句定语从句 2.用as造句定语从句 3.when定语从句造句 4.用which定语从句造句 5.高一英语定语从句造句 6.定语从句造句带翻译 7.定语从句复习总结 8.初中定语从句教案 上文是关于定语从句whose造句，感谢您的阅读，希望对您有帮助，
考研英语定语从句典型例句剖
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考研英语【定语从句】典型例句剖析 1. Ａcｔivｅlｅarｎing,iｎwｈｉch sｔudｅｎtsｗrｉtｅesｓaｙs oｒpｅｒform expｅｒimeｎｔs and theｎhave ｔｈｅir work ｅｖaluａted by an instｒuｃtor, ｉs fａr ｍｏre benefｉciaｌfor those who hａve nｏt ｙet fuｌly lｅarneｄhow to ｌeaｒｎ. 【参考译文】积极的学习,即学生们写文章或做实验，然后让一位老师评估他们的作业,对那些还没有完全学会如何学习的学生来说要更为有益得多。 【结构分析】该句可分为两大部分:Activｅleaｒning, （in wｈicｈｓtudents ｗｒiｔe ｅssays or perｆorm experｉmentｓａｎｄthen haｖe their wｏｒk ｅvalｕａｔed by an inｓtrｕｃtoｒ,)iｓfａr moｒｅbeneｆicｉaｌfoｒｔhose whｏhaｖe noｔｙet fuｌlｙlearned how tｏleaｒn.括号外的内容是主句,括号里的内容是介词+whｉcｈ模式的定语从句；主句的主语是Actiｖｅｌｅarnｉng,谓语是ｉｓ，表语是bｅneficiａl，far more 是状语,其中ｆaｒ是程度副词,相当于much,ｆor those是状语，其后whｏ引导的定语从句中,主语是ｗｈo，谓体是have noｔｙet ｆｕlly learned,宾语结构是hoｗto ｌｅａrn。括号内的定语从句修饰前面的Ａctｉvｅlearninｇ,由三部分构成,即or…anｄ连接的三个并列句,第一个并列句的主语是stuｄｅntｓ，谓语是wｒitｅ,宾语是essays,第二个并列句的谓语是perforｍ,宾语是expｅrimenｔs，第三个并列句的谓语是ｈave.．.eｖalｕated，宾语是ｗor ｋ，bｙan instｒuctｏr是状语结构。 【知识链接】acｔiｖe积极的;eｓsａｙ文章;peｒｆorm an expｅｒimｅnt做实验;evａlua ｔe评估insｔｒｕｃtor指导者,老师；ｂe bｅneｆiciaｌfoｒ．.．对……有益。 2. The Ameriｃａn vｅrsion ｏf the"idｅaｌｉndiｖidual" prefｅrｓan ａtmosphere of f ｒeedom, wheｒｅneither tｈe gｏverｎｍent nor ａny otｈｅr externaｌfoｒce orａg ｅncｙdｉctaｔeｓwhaｔthe individual doeｓ. 【参考译文】美国版的“理想个人”更喜欢一种自由的氛围,在这种氛围中政府或者任何别的外部力量都不会强行规定个人该做什么。 【结构分析】该句可分为两大部分：(The Americaｎversioｎｏf tｈｅ"iｄeal iｎdiv ｉdual"ｐreｆｅｒs an atmospｈeｒe ｏf fｒｅeｄoｍ,)(ｗｈerｅneｉthｅr the goverｎmeｎt norａny ｏｔhｅr eｘternal force or agｅncy dｉctａtｅｓwhat ｔhe indiｖiduaｌdoes.)，第一部分是主句，第二部分是以wherｅ引导的非限定定语从句，修饰前面的atmosphｅrｅ；主句的主语是Tｈe Ameriｃan ｖｅｒｓｉon，谓语是prefｅrs,宾语是an ａtmｏｓpheｒｅ,of the“ideaｌindiｖiｄｕal”作versｉon的后定语,ｏf ｆｒｅeｄoｍ作atmosphere的后定语；第二部分的主语是由 neiｔheｒ...nor…or.．.连接的并列名词短语，谓语是dｉctatｅs，宾语是ｗhat引导的从句。【知识链接】version版本；idｅal理想的;ｐrefer更喜欢，联想记忆:pｒｅfer..．to．..宁要……而不要……；ａtｍosphere氛围;extｅｒnａl外部的，联想记忆:ｉnternaｌ内部的;aｇｅncy 机构；dictａte命令，强制规定。 3.Confliｃt，deｆｉneｄas opposｉtioｎamonｇsｏｃial entiｔleｓdirecteｄag ａinsｔeach other, iｓdistｉnguished from cｏｍpetitiｏn, dｅfｉned ａs oppｏｓition amｏngｓoｃial entitlesｉndepenｄenｔly strivinｇfoｒsomeｔhing whicｈｉs in inaｄequatｅsupply. 【参考译文】冲突不同于竞争,前者指彼此对立的社会群体间的对抗,后者指独自争夺匮乏资源的社会群体间的对抗。 【结构分析】该句可分为三部分：Conflict，(defiｎeｄaｓoppｏsitiｏn aｍong ｓocｉal enｔities diｒected agaiｎst ｅaｃhｏther, )is distinｇuisｈｅｄfｒom comｐeｔitｉoｎ,
2020 年托福阅读长难句100 句：后置定语从句 我们知道 一个句子的主干 ( 主谓宾 ) 相当于它的骨架，识别了主干相当于抓住 了句子的主要信息 ; 而句子的其他修饰、说明及补充的部分 ( 定状补同等 ) 则相当于句子的血肉，血肉中往往包含了大量的附加信息。很多时候这些附加的信息对整句的理解起着辅助、增强甚至不可或缺的作用。 教学中作者发现下面这个句子常常困扰一些语法功底不错的考生： The physicist rightly dreads preciseargument, since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if theassumptions on which it is based are slightly changed, whereas an argument thatis convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small perturbations ofits underlying assumptions. 本句 since 之前的部分含有标准的 S(The physicist)+V(dreads)+O(argument) 结构，而 since 之后明显应该是原因 状语 ( 从句 ) 的部分，所以句首的 SVO就是整句的主句。下面我们来仔 细分析 since 后面的部分： 第一行末尾的 that 紧跟 an argument 之后，显然做 an argument 的后置定语从句。 that is convincing 是一个完整的主系表结构， only if 则引导了这个定语从句自身的 ( 即小级别 ) 条件状语从句 it is precise (仍是一个完整的主系表结构); 接下来我们遇到了 loses ，since 到 loses 之间是两个主系表从句，有各自的系动词，于是 loses 不属于这两个从句，只能与 an argument 对应，这个点也可从单复数上佐证。 loses 与后面的 all its force 形成动宾结构，其中it指代前文的an argument;
定语从句 1. The meeting that you have missed yesterday was very important. 你昨天错过的会议非常重要. 2. The girl who is making a speech right now is our monitor. 正在做演讲的女孩是我们班的班长. 3. The vase that I broke yesterday was very expensive. 我昨天打坏的花瓶是很昂贵的. 4. The boy who helped you yesterday is my neighbour. 昨天帮助了你的男孩是我的邻居. 5. That's just the topic that I'm very interested in. 这正是我所感兴趣的话题. 6. He is just the boss who gave me that valuable opportunity. 这是那个给我提供了宝贵机会的老板. 7. I like the cake which you bought yesterday. 我喜欢吃你昨天买的蛋糕。 8. He is the teacher who helped me. 他是那个帮助了我的老师. 9. We all like that speaker who is very humorous. 我们很喜欢那个很幽默的演讲者. 10. The old lady whose two daughters are both teachers is our neighbour. 两个女儿都是教师的那个老奶奶是我们的邻居. 11. She is the girl whom I met at the party. 她是我在派对上见过的女孩。 12. There are occasions when one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 13.Beijing is the place where I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 14.Is this the reason why he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 15. His father died the year when he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 16.He is unlikely to find the place in which he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 17. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 你还记得加入俱乐部的那天吗？ 18.This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。 19. He has finished the difficult exercise, which is easy for you. 他已经完成了这项困难的运动,这对你来说容易。 20.None of us know the reason for which Tom was absent from the meeting. (why = for which ).我们都不知道汤姆缺席会议的原因。
班次__________ 学号__________ 姓名___________ 定语从句100题 一、选词填空(单句选词填空)（共10小题；共10.0分） 1. He's a man (what/that) we should learn from. 2. This is the reason (why/which) he gave for his absence. 3. I will never forget the days (when/which) we spent together. 4. That is the day (which/on which) I'll never forget. 5. He is the man (whom/whose) car was stolen last night. 6. He (who/what) makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf. 7. Look! Don't get too close to the house (which/whose) roof is under repair. 8. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts (who/whom) are working in China. 9. The place (which/where) interested me most was the Children's Palace. 10. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person (which/who) she could turn to for help. 二用适当的介词和关系代词填空（共5小题；共5分） 11. Are you interested in any of the songs you've listened? 12 The boy I went to the cinema last weekend is my best friend. 13 Tomorrow is a particular day his daughter will get married. 14 We can't live without the sun we get heat and light. 15 He is the person we talked at the last meeting. 三单句改错（共25小题；共25分） 16 The bridge which they are building it can have six cars running side by side. 17 Those who has finished the written work can go home now. 18 I will employ the man whom they say is a good English speaker. 19 Who is the man that you said hello just now? 20 Can you tell me the place which Mr Zhang lives? 21 A young man, that I did not know, asked me to give you the message. 22 The Yangtze River, on that another big dam will be built, is going to produce more electricity for the areas along it.