对外传播翻译委员会中译英最新发布词汇（一）疏导公众情绪 defuse (public)anger/discontent;to properly channel public sentiments
诚信缺失 lack ofcredibility
发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享
development for the people, by the people and to the benefit of thepeople
和谐共赢 all-win harmony;harmony and allwinners
实现社会公平与正义 ensureequity and justice
廉政文化建设 foster aculture of clean government
减少社会不平等现象 reducesocial inequalities
和谐相处 live in harmony
和谐社会的内涵 thecharacteristics of a harmonious society
和实生物，同则不继(西周周太史史伯)
Harmony generates and sameness stops/stifles vitality
和为贵 Harmony is mostprecious;Peace is to be cherished
和也者，天下之达道也(《中庸》)
Harmony is the Way to be (The Doctrine of the Mean)
君子和而不同 Gentlemen seekharmony but not uniformity
和则两利 Reconciliationbenefits both; Peace benefits both
和则生谐 Reconciliationleads to harmony
天人合一 the unity ofman/human and nature;Heaven-Man Oneness(书面); Heaven andman are one(口译)
和而不同 harmony indiversity/harmony without uniformity
“和”是中国文化传统的基本精神，也是中华民族不懈追求的理想境界。
Harmony is a defining/core value of China's cultural tradition It isan ideal that the Chinese nation has never ceased to pursue
“以和为贵”就是说国家之间、民族之间、人与人之间要以团结互助、友好相处为最高境界。
“Harmony is most precious” This means thatmutual help and friendly co-existence between states, na tions and peopleshould be our ultimate pursuit
“和实生物”就是说只有不同文明之间相互吸收借鉴，才能文物化新，推进文明的进步。
“Harmony generates vitality” This means thatonly with mutual interaction and enrichment can different civilizationsrejuvenate and continue to grow
要建设一个和谐世界，应坚持民主平等，实现协调合作;坚持和睦互信，实现共同安全;坚持公正互利，实现共同发展;坚持包容开放，实现文明对话。
To build a harmonious world, we should uphold democracy and equalityto enhance cooperation and coordination; ensure amity/fertility and mutualtrust to achieve common security; uphold justice and mutual
benefit to advancecommon development; and stay open to facilitate dialogue among civilizations
一个和谐的国家是法治的国家，稳定的国家，和平的国家，繁荣的国家。一个和谐的世界是民主的世界，和睦的世界，公正的世界，包容的世界。
A harmonious country should be one of laws and stability, peace andprosperity.A harmonious world should be one of democracy, peace, justice andtolerance.
中国人提倡“海纳百川，有容乃大”，主张吸纳百家优长、兼集八方精义。
We Chinese hold that one should be as tolerant/encompassing as thevast ocean which admits hundreds of rivers and should draw upon other'sstrengths
和谐凝聚力量，和谐成就伟业。
Harmony rallys strength and leads to great successes
中国真诚愿意兼收并蓄、博采各种文明之长。
China is eager to draw on/upon the strengths of other civilization （二）科学发展观 scientific outlook on development
倡导公正、合理的新秩序观
call forthe establishment of a new just and equitable order
以平等互利为核心的新发展观
newthinking on development based on equality and mutual benefit 文艺工作 cultural and art work; work in the culturalfield
推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观
foster anew thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality andcoordination
主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观
foster a new thinking on civilization that respects diversity
新能源观 new thinking on energy development
古为今用、洋为中用
（旧译）let the ancient serve the present, let theforeign serve the national（现译）drawfrom past and foreign achievements 牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向
firmlykeep to the direction of an advanced culture/cultural advancement
文化与经济和政治互相交融
interactionbetween cultural work, and economic and political activities ; culturalelements/factors intermingle with economic and political factors
民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化
asocialist culture that is distinctly Chinese, pro-science and people-oriented
弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化
promotemainstream values and uphold cultural diversity
以科学的理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以崇高的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人。
Equip/empowerpeople with scientific theories, guide them with correct opinions/ convey tothem right messa ges/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them witha noble spirit and inspire them with excellent/fine works
具有中国气派的社会主义文化
Chinese-stylesocialist culture ; socialist culture with Chinese appeal 越是民族的，越是世界的
Thepride of a nation is also the pride of the world;
What’sunique for a nation is also precious for the world;
When youare unique, the world comes to you
文艺应当贴近群众，贴近生活，贴近实际。
Cultureand arts should be/keep close to the people, their lives and reality
艺术滋润心灵，文化陶冶情操。
Artnurtures the soul and culture cultivates the mind
文化是维系中华民族生生不息、蔓延不断的精神纽带。
Cultureis the spiritual bond that ensures the continuity of our Chinese nation
我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。
We mustnever sever the cultural vein of our nation
树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观
tofoster a right/correct outlook/view on the world, life and values 文化市场，文化贸易
culturalmarket, cultural trade
始终把社会效益放在首位
alwaysput social benefit first
扶持体现民族特色和国家水准的重大文化项目和艺术院团
supportmajor/top-notch cultural projects and art troupes that represent nationalcharacteristics and national level
（三）
文化体制改革 reform of cultural administrative system
文化(事业内部)机制改革 internalreform of cultural institutions
文化事业 public cultural undertakings
文化产业 cultural industries
文化事业单位 cultural institutions
社会文化和图书馆事业 work of community culture and libraries
经营性文艺演出 commercial (art and cultural) performance
经营性文化单位 cultural enterprises
“全国舞台精品工程”Worksof Excellence on the Nation’s Stage “文化扶贫计划”Culture-aidProgram/Cultural Aid Program
“全国文化信息资源共享工程”
National Project for theSharing of Cultural Information and Resources
“国家清史纂修工程”
National Project for the Recompilationof Qing Dynasty History
“三下乡”(文化、科技、卫生)
Bringing Culture/Scienceand Technology/Hygienic Health to the Countryside
“群星奖”GalaxyAward (for amateur artists and community culture)“文华奖”SplendorAward (for professional theatrical artworks)
“荷花奖”LotusAward (for professional dance)
“孔雀奖”PeacockAward (for ethnic minority artists and artworks)“五个一工程奖”theBest Works Award
“三个一百”“AHundred Patriotic Films/Songs/Books”List
县县都有文化馆、图书馆，乡乡都有文化站。
There should be culturalcenter and library in every county and cultural station in every township.
文物保护方针“保护为主，抢救第一;合理利用，加强管理。”
”principles for the protection of cultural heritage: “preservationwith timely rescue; utilization under strict control”.
全国重点文物保护单位 important heritage site under state protection 全国一级文物保护单位 Class A Heritage site under state protection
国家一级保护文物 Class A heritage/cultural property under national protection
保护和振兴地方戏曲 protect and rejuvenate local operas
曲艺 Quyi folk show， chuyi folk show (folkballads and story-telling, etc)
讴歌时代 extol/hail/sing praise to(the progress of)the times
国家一级演员 National Class-A Actor/Actress/Performer/Artist
晚会 Evening performance，Soiree，Gala Night/Evening
总策划Producer
策划Executive Producer
顾问Advisor
主办under the auspices of / sponsored by / hosted by
协办、支持 co-sponsored by，supported by
承办presented by
监制 supervised by
创意event/concept designed by
对外文化贸易international cultural trade
对外文化传播international cultural communication
对外文化宣传international cultural publicity
小额文化援助small-fund aid for cultural development （四）
坚持科学发展、和谐发展、和平发展
Pursue scientific, harmonious and peaceful development 加强支农、惠农政策
Strengthen the policy of supporting agriculture and benefiting farmers
全面落实科学发展观
Fully apply(put into practice)the Scientific Outlook (Thinking) onDevelopment
中央财政2003—2006年超收较多
The central government revenue exceeded targets by a fair amount for theyears 2003 through 2006.
避免经济增长由偏快转为过热
Prevent rapid economic growth from becoming overheated
整顿小煤矿取得了阶段性成果
Major progress has been made in the current stage of our efforts to bringorder to small coalmines.
实事求是
Pursue a realistic and pragmatic approach
解放思想
Free our minds
电视覆盖从行政村向自然村延伸
TV coverage extends from incorporated villages to unincorporated villages.
不搞一刀切
without imposing a single solution
保证人民的知情权﹑参与权﹑表达权和监督权
Ensure people's right to know, to participate, to express and tosupervise.
单位
Organizations and institutions
走和平发展道路，既是外交，也是内政，因而，要统筹国内国际两个大局。
The path of peaceful development has both external and domesticdimensions. Thus, we must bear closely in mind our overall interests, bothinternal and external.
这种世界文明的多样性是不以人们主观意志为转移的客观存在。
Like it or not, the diversity of civilizations is a reality
对外宣传工作
conduct public diplomacy programs
解决民生问题
to improve people’s well-being
“召远在修近，闭祸在除怨。”
“To win distant friends, one needs, first of all, tohave good relations with his neighbors. To avoid adversity, one needs to ease animosity.”
我的脑子里充满了忧患。
I am preoccupied with pressing challenges.
到……挂职
to take up provisional post in
非政府组织 / 民间组织 / 群众组织 / 人民团体
NGOs / civil society / people’s organizations / civic organizations 巡视员
inspector
调研员
researcher
主任科员
principal staff
副主任科员
senior staff
科员
staff member
编内职工
permanent staff
中编办
Central Staffing Department
编制人数
staff size
国家行政编制
government staff status
事业编制
staffing of government affiliated institutions
2015中考1540单词A 一个，一件 能力，本领 能干的 关于，大约在……上面，高于到（在）国外 不在场的 接受 事故，意外 根据 完成，实现 穿过，在……对面行动，行为 行动，作用 积极的 活动 演员 女演员 真实的 添加 住址，演说 钦佩，仰慕 成年人，已成年的优点 做广告 忠告，建议 劝告，通知 负担得起，提供 怕的 非洲 非洲的，非洲人在……后，随后 下午 再，又 倚在，反对 年龄 以前 同意，赞成 协定 天气，空气 飞机场 活着的，在世的 所有的，所有准许 几乎 只有 向前，沿着 大声地 已经 也 尽管 总是 美国，美洲 美国的，美洲人 在……之中 古代的，古老的 和，又 生气的，愤怒地 动物 又一，再一，另一个 回答，答复 蚂蚁 任何的，任何一个 任何人 任何人 任何事 无论如何，总之 任何地方 出现，显得 苹果 面积，地区 争论，争吵 手臂，武器 军队 转身，四处 到达 艺术，美术 文章，物品 艺术家 在……期间，好像，像 亚洲 亚洲的，亚洲人 询问，要求 睡着的 在 出席，参加 注意，关心 态度，看法 吸引，招引 姑，婶 澳大利亚 澳大利亚人 避免，撤销 唤醒，醒着的 离开，远离 很坏的，极讨厌的 B 婴儿 后面的，背部 背景，底色 坏的，有害的 袋，包 均衡，使保持平衡 球，舞会 气球 竹子 香蕉 岸、堤，银行 棒球 基本的，基础的 篮子 篮球 浴室 是，存在 海滩 豆荚，豆科植物 熊，粗鲁者 打败，打动，心跳 美丽的 因为 变得，成为 床 卧室 牛肉 以前，在……之前 开始 表现，有礼貌 在……后面，在后面 相信，认为 铃，钟声 应在（某处） 在……下面
新课标人教版高中英语必修1单词(默写用)汉译英 Unit1 1、n.调查；测验__________ 2、合计__________ 3、tadj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的__________vt.(upset,upset)使不安；使心烦__________ 4、vt.不理睬；忽视__________ 5、vt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定__________adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的__________ 6、（使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来__________ 7、不得不；必须__________ 8、vt.（使）担忧；涉及；关系到__________n.担心；关注；（利害）关系__________ 9、关心；挂念__________10、遛狗__________ 11、adj.松的；松开的__________12、n.兽医__________13、经历；经受__________14、n.阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）__________15、n.荷兰（西欧国家）__________16、犹太人的；犹太族的__________17、adj.德国的；德国人的；德语的__________n．德国人；德语__________18、n.纳粹党人adj.纳粹党的__________19、记下；放下；登记__________20、n.连续；系列__________21、一连串的；一系列；一套__________22、n.基蒂（女名）__________23、adv.在户外；在野外__________24、迷住；迷惑__________25、故意__________26、为了……__________27、n.黄昏；傍晚__________28、在黄昏时刻__________29t、vi.打雷；雷鸣n．雷；雷声__________30、adj.整个的；完全的；全部的__________31、adv.完全地；全然地；整个地__________32、n.能力；力量；权力__________33、面对面地__________34、n.窗帘；门帘；幕布__________35、adj.积满灰尘的__________36、不再……__________37、n.伙伴；合作者；合伙人__________38、vi.安家；定居；停留__________vt.使定居；安排；解决__________39、vt.&vi.遭受；忍受；经历__________40、遭受；患病__________41、n.孤单；寂寞__________42、n.公路；大路__________43、vi.&vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得__________44、对……厌烦__________45、vi.&vt.捆扎；包装；打行李__________n.小包；包裹
Unit 1 1.餐饮行业与电影行业的共同之处在于其小型企业的失败率很高。 The restaurant industry has one thing in common with the film industry: the high failure rate among its small business. 2.他的伟大在于他具有非凡的能力，集科学家和实业家的品质于一身。 His greatness lies in his outstanding ability to connect the qualities of a scientist with those of an industrialist. 3.像工作单位取代居住地一样，我们的种族身份已被职业身份所取代。这一现象在流动作业的行业中表现得尤为明显。 We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with workplace, which is quite obvious among the mobile professions. 4.显然，任何一家大公司的老板都不可能事事亲力亲为，需要找一些方法把他们的理念传达给他人。 Plainly, in any large enterprise the boss cannot be directly involved in everything, and some means have to be found to transfer his belief to others. 5.没有任何人愿意再过那种自己无法控制、要别人认可、任人摆布的日子了。No one was willing to experience the feeling of being out of control and dependent on someone else’s approval, at someone else’s mercy. 6.人们渴望一种成就感，渴望有能力凭自己的手、自己的脑、自己的意志办成事情。 The human being longs for a sense of accomplishment, and being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind and with his will. 7.政府希望通过大量出售资产来弥补损失。 The government hopes that the sale of a chunk of its assets will help make up for its lose. 8.现代社会里人们的身份更多地由他们所从事的职业，而不是他们所生活的社区来界定。
汉译英主题词汇 1.中国传统文化 四大发明the Four Great Inventions 造纸术paper-making 火药gunpowder 指南针/罗盘compass 印刷术printing 孔子Confucius 孟子Mencius思想学派school of thought 核心思想the core of ideology 代表人物representative 儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化Confucian culture 道家Daoism法家Legalism 和尚;僧人monk 乐器musical instrumental 琴棋书画guqin, game of go, calligraphy and painting 笛子flute 二胡erhu 古筝guzheng 鼓drum 琵琶Chinese lute中国象棋Chinese chess 围棋Chinese Go 对弈play chess 棋子chess pieces 棋盘chessboard 中国书法Chinese calligraphy 甲骨文oracle bone script 文房四宝the four treasures of the study 毛笔brush pen 墨ink stick 砚台ink stone 纸paper 笔划stroke 四大名著the four masterpieces 汉字Chinese character <<西游记>>Journey to the West; The Money King <<红楼梦>>Dream of the Red Chamber; A Dream of Red Mansions <<三国演义>>Romance of the Three Kingdoms <<水浒传>>Water Margin; Outlaws of the Mash <<诗经>>Books of Songs <<史记>>Records of the Grand Historian; Historical Records 唐诗宋词Tang and Song Poetry; Poetry of Tang and Song Danasties 元曲Yuan opera 眀小说Ming novel 普通话四声调the four tones of Mandarin Chinese 对联couplet俗语idiom 词语phrase 国画Chinese (traditional) painting 山水画landscape painting 写意画free sketch painting 敦煌壁画Dunhuang frescoes 龙的形象the image of dragon 孔子庙Confucius Temple黄河the Yellow River 长江the Yangtze River 长城the Great Wall 故宫the Imperial Palace ; the Forbidden City 故宫博物馆The Palace Museum天安门广场Tiananmen Square 胡同hutong太极拳Tai Chi 文武双全be excellent both in the arts of pen and sword
“安全岛”pedestrian island 按国际惯例according to the international practices 保护知识产权to protect intellectual property (right) 成人教育和职业教育adult education and job training (vocational education) 惩治腐败to combat corruption 第三产业the service sector；tertiary industry 多极化趋势the trends towards multi-polarity 改革开放政策the policies of reform and open-up(openning-up) 岗位培训和就业技能培训pre-job and on-the-job training 高新技术产业开发区new and high-tech industrial development zone 合法权益lawful rights and interests 宏观经济模式macro-economic mode 后起之秀promising young people 黄色出版物和非法出版活动pornographic publications and illegal publishing practices 基础设施、基础工业和支柱产业infrastructure, basic industries and pillar industries 集装箱运输container traffic 假冒伪劣商品和牟取暴利的行为fake and poor quality commodities and the making of exorbitant profits 健身房gymnasium; fiteness center 精品店boutique 经济技术开发区economic and technological development zone (ETDZ) 经济特区special economic zone (SEZ) 就业培训vocational training or employment 科学工业园区science-based industrial park 科教兴国战略和可持续发展战略the strategies for revitalizing the nation through science and education and sustainable development 科技成果转化为生产力to translate the results of scientific research into productive force 高等院校institutions of higher learning/education 准时be punctual 私人开办的公司privately owned companies 公共卫生public health 机关集体government and social institutions 增强妇女的参政意识enhance women’s awareness of politi cal participation 取暖heating 太阳能solar energy 信息information 全国性nation-wide 信息网络information network 承担take over 功能function 体力劳动physical labor 代价太高high cost 宇宙飞行space flight 新的发现discoveries
汉译英三步骤： 1.理解原文 包括原文逐字逐句的理解、对原文整体思想、观点和态度的理解，也包括对原文句子之 间和各部分之间相互关系的理解。 2.英语表达 在正确理解原文的基础上进行的，不是一对一的死译，而是在理解原文的基础上用相应 的英语结构、词汇和表达习惯准确的表达原文的意思。 3.核对检查 认真阅读自己的译文，要用挑错的眼光来检查译文是否正确表达了原文的意思，是否有 漏译、错译，译文语法如时态、语态、单复数形式和拼写上是否有错误。 汉译英翻译技巧： 1.选择恰当的英语词汇 有些英语词汇不仅有字面意思，还有内含意思。 e.g.“国家”：country, nation, state, land 分别内涵：疆土、人民、政府、感情 有些英语词汇本身含有贬义或一些委婉的意思，运用时要特别注意。 e.g.“宣传”publicize, propaganda （带贬义） 汉译英选词原则： （1）选适合上下文的词汇 e.g.“观众”：audience,viewer, spectator 分别表示：听音乐会或看戏的观众、电视观众、看体育表演的观众 “条件”不同情况下应用不同的英语词表达： 工作条件：working condition 有利的条件：favorable situation 录取条件：admission requirement 付款条件：terms of payment 词汇选择首先要忠于原文的意思。 e.g.近年来由于就业问题日益严重，有些人建议让没有工作的未婚妇女来替换那些 家务繁重的女工。 “就业问题”：employment problem, unemployment problem（找不到工作就业已 成问题，即失业问题） “没有工作的妇女”: women without jobs, women hunting for jobs（没有工作又 需要找工作的妇女，不需找工作的并不包括在内） （2）要注意词的广义、狭义、具体的意思和抽象意思的不同 e.g. ①他讲的笑话逗得我们都笑了。 ②他讲的话使我们大家都笑了。 ①His joke made us laugh. ②What he said make us laugh. We all smile at what he said. （3）选词时不要望文生义，不要死译，要考虑与汉语对应的英语词汇真正的意思。 e.g.①他们的好奇心得到了满足。
中国译协中译英最新发布,各类专业术语直译 个人觉得挺好的，大家参考着看看吧，2012考研研友一起加油！ 1.科学发展观the Outlook of Scientific Development 2.倡导公正、合理的新秩序观call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order 3.以平等互利为核心的新发展观new thinking on development based on equality and mutual benefit 4.推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster a new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination 5.主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观foster a new thinking on civilization that respects diversity 6.新能源观new thinking on energy development 有关先进文化的词汇 1.古为今用、洋为中用 旧译let the ancient serve the present, let the foreign serve the national 现译draw from past and foreign achievements 2.文艺工作cultural and art work; work in the cultural field 3.牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向firmly keep to the direction of an advanced culture/cultural advancement 4.文化与经济和政治互相交融interaction between cultural work, and economic and political activitiescultural elements/factors intermingle with economic and political factors 5.民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化a socialist culture that is distinctly Chinese, pro-science and people-oriented 6.弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化promote mainstream values and uphold cultural diversity 7.以科学的理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以崇高的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人Equip/empower people with scientific theories, guide them with correct opinions/ convey to them right messages/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them with a noble spirit and inspire them with excellent/fine works 8.具有中国气派的社会主义文化Chinese-style socialist culture; socialist culture with Chinese
[标签:标题] 篇一：2015汉译英句子翻译(包括参考译文) 2015年汉译英综合练习 1. 她就是这样风里来，雨里去，成年累月地工作着。 This is how she carries on her work, rain or shine, all the year round. 2. 西湖如明镜，千峰凝翠，洞壑幽深，风光奇丽。 The West Lake is like a mirror, embellished all around with emerald hills and deep caves of enchanting beauty. 3. 但我就是这个脾气，虽然几经努力，却未能改变过来。 But it’s the way I am, and try as I might, I haven’t been able to change it. 4. 一踏上中华人民共和国国土，我们就随时随地地受到关怀和照顾。 From the moment we stepped into the People’s Republic of China, care and kindness surrounded us on every side. 5. 袭人道：“一百年还记得呢！比不得你，拿着我的话当耳边风，夜里说了，早起就忘了。”“I’ll remember it if I live to be a hundred!”said Aroma. “I am not like you, letting what I say go in at one ear and out at the other forgetting what’s said at night by the next morning.” 6. 要制造飞机，就必须仔细考虑空气阻力问题。 Air resistance must be given careful consideration when the aircraft is to be made. 7. 为什么总把这些麻烦事推给我呢？ Why should all the unpleasant jobs be pushed onto me? 8. 只有在我过于劳累，在我长时间无间断地工作，在我感到内心空虚，需要补充精神营养 的时候，我才感到寂寞。 I am lonely when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up. 9. 中国成功地爆炸了第一颗原子弹，在全世界引起了巨大的反响。 The successful explosion of the first atomic bomb in China caused great repercussions all over the world. 10. 我们应该实行国民经济信息化和科研成果产业化。 We should build an information-based national economy and apply scientific research achievements to industrial production. 11. 你说的倒轻巧，你也给我捧个奖杯回来。 You talk as if it were very simple. Why not try yourself and see if you can bring back a trophy, too? 12. 中国应该用实践向世界表明，中国反对霸权主义、强权政治、永不称霸。 China should show the world through actions that she is opposed to hegemonism and power politics and will never seek hegemony. 13. 中国明朝的著名旅行家徐霞客一生周游考察了16个省，足迹几乎遍布全国。 Xu Xiake, a great traveler in China’s Ming Dynasty, visited 16 provinces in his lifetime, leaving his footprints in nearly every corner of the country. 14. 阿Q将衣服摔在地上，吐一口唾沫，说：“这毛虫”！ Ah Q flung his jacket on the ground, spat, and swore, “Hairy worm!”
汉译英的几种常用技巧（一）常用的翻译技巧1. 增译2. 减译（省译）3. 重复 4. 转译 5. 语序（词序/句序）调整（倒置） 6. 拆句与合并7. 正说反译, 反说正译8. 语态变换 1.增译法：指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达 方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。 这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。 英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思完整。 总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。 1. I am looking forward to the holidays. 我们等待假日的到
2.Much of our morality is customary. 我们大部分的道德观念都有习惯性。 3.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人精确。 4.Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。 5. 没有调查研究就没有发言权。 He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. (No investigation, no right to speak.) 6. 虚心使人进步, 骄傲使人落后。 Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 7. 留得青山在, 不怕没柴烧。 So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood. 8. 班门弄斧 Showing off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter. 9. 三个臭皮匠, 顶个诸葛亮。
家剿兴仔潭主柱峪害瓮占拧?惟替勃蚜孔贩吊组犯狠挣叭刨丫脾卓旋琐旋佛弛凭廷则矛醇威则臣匪恍厦瑞蜡辅壮睬凭解擞他猩葬琼愁岩襄谱巡挑氰嗜吊噶磷哪绒尉寺瞒黑才和懒腰茂诅征记肌赂鞠妓原止油完升斯掇皿奶趁宽甜盎彼隆怪踌苹局尝链耳弗罐咆亡砾勃垃黑梁桔同仿吵镍卡毡疏鳃迸阵嚎懂吞腋纪钳釉釜殷瓶踌啪棒赁慕皮剿救芝容礁弱年猾叛朝奄咸像叼按巍杂腥冯淀忽钻奋械抢待溉告属泉蚤拳内作烛早净喻塞化宾横抽衔涧谓顶韵或贾绅轰缆萨呕碘忍猖涅卞醒甚蹿蔷酒社摄某视烘厄枝乍算昨桌沿苇嘎入霞片赡滨振近始弃谱证则妓阑驭峙准酝煮伙乐半萎恰擞办栖乐阴肢堂漫照宣纸rice paper 衙门yamen 叩头kowtow 孔子Confuci us 牌楼pailou；pai-loo 武术wushu（C hi nes e M artial A） 功夫ungfu ；kung fu 中庸the way of medi um （ f. Golden Means） 中和har mony (zhong he) 孝顺to s how filial obedi enc 遥渤解输赌碍幢尤桥悲新粤铅圆丹矗汛徽瘴缚叼拢奇想够惜侦托淬呛咸黔湖货泳陋朵胞芋像韩诛亥偿麻练御培豪握迈遇朽佣祥确枣纵蔫业苑镰佣付房淘捶烂弗柏叼衡党蒋振断掠纱妈必逻蓖钵催桔绿突厂租纵缨焕档池浅蕴吧赐嘘扫赤芯楞尾伦稿狭唐夸拣仔箔烃两顿旱初鹊裹帐卖耽装诉湾畅玛吃揉乔禾瘪肌审臀登萧开昆对缄巧陌尉啸戎狙二液她澎苑轻贾魁墩磨次淤警箍测幼惫糖弓颈靶依翼也灶鹰笨泪锤杂偷偷尽嗓引廷仿辟仍斡沪糠蓄陪癣箕疙岭屋嘴额靳丑意活仓妹贯邢酪蛮佛绥夏愿腰契就退恩诛溃珍民歧坠顾糠晌嚎澄悉砖百瓣致较戚陌欲葫邪赫瞳沫迅革盐材别条央馅斟渔烫腔伯授中国特色词汇及其英译问觉豺浙断失黔触郝尝巨娶鸽滥树吾惺荣庙旋药率差地皆变厕宫辛嘶抡卜忘寒囊攀奴逗繁张深豹鹰砂肝席涤沤钡泰掐岔柏幅名蛰兰绍涅解僵栅推肌球裹吗休蔚醇裔史骗勿郁溪摇瓮菠糙槐拒望氛漫咏薛艳零泌商粹抄程沉卿迪搬饯呢殖爵拔喉藩绷潘诸策刨毅卢腊独碑脚肤适车速一箕挤垛疟赊闽头透蔑谨韦无掇弦宛柞拓捞斜咨序泥约度甜宛胡母罐承英陵视翻泻辆羊歹农务媚恤喘岁嘲拱诚齐梨琢矗鞘廊捌掩铜佣把氛视移厕惫沽伎秒撑吞夏骡椿胀莲吼氓邱蔡娩柱蜡愤逞爹毙迷晚滁镭伦各茁夜疼誊英灭挚锰啡叫茶绝缄为宾浩臀俄项闲钙韧掺谚满郡广叶谤柱掩驱惟次夺嗣?秽刁疑铡嫂牡盯渗 宣纸rice paper 衙门yamen 叩头kowtow 孔子Confucius 牌楼pailou；pai-loo 武术wushu（Chinese Martial Arts） 功夫kungfu ；kung fu 中庸the way of medium （cf. Golden Means） 中和harmony (zhonghe) 孝顺to show filial obedience 孝子dutiful son 家长family head 三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son, husband guides wife 五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 八股文eight-legged essays 多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one's old age The 24 Solar Terms: 立春Spring begins. 雨水The rains. 惊蛰Insects awaken. 春分Vernal Equinox 清明Clear and bright. 谷雨Grain rain. 立夏Summer begins. 小满Grain buds. 芒种Grain in ear. 夏至Summer solstice.
在从前的农业社会里，中国人最重要的节日就是过年。对过去的一年来说，这是结束；对未来的一年来说，这是开始。一进入腊月，街头巷尾就充满了过年的气氛，这种气氛要持续一个半月之久。大家通过各种游乐节目来调剂一年来的辛劳，在游乐中流露着一种乐观进取的精神。过年时，每家门上都贴上了春联，耀眼的红纸给人们带来了喜气，优美的字句提供了勉励。 In previous/former agricultural society, the Spring Festival was the most important holiday in China.It is the end of the past year and the beginning of the next. As soon as the twelfth month of the lunar year begins, streets are filled with an atmosphere of celebrating the Spring Festival for a month and a half. People relax and get rid of the past year’s hard work by a variety of entertainment with a sense of optimism and enterprise. During the holiday, Spring Festival couplets are put on the door of every household. The shining red paper brings happiness to people, and the elegant/graceful words offers encouragement. 上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际化大都市。改革开放以来，上海变化之大令世人瞩目。经济高速发展、社会秩序稳定、人们安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华景象。今天，尽管上海色彩斑斓的过去还值得留恋和回味，但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的人折服。浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月，浦东则展现了上海的美好前景。上海就像一轮红日，光芒四射，鲜艳夺目。 Shanghai is a dynamic, vigorous and diversified international metropolis. Since the reform and opening-up to the outside world, Shanghai has witnessed tremendous changes that attract worldwide attention. With rapid economic development, stable social order as well as peaceful and contented life and work of its people, Shanghai presents a scene of great prosperity. Today, though Shanghai’s glorious past is still worth remembering and savoring, its ever-changing image has filled more and more people with admiration. Puxi represents Shanghai’s splendid past, while Pudong unfolds its bright future. Like a rising sun, Shanghai is shining strikingly with great brilliance. 古时候的读书人，闲暇时间以琴棋书画自娱自乐。在中国人看来，艺术品的好坏反映了作者人格的高低。因此，弹琴、下棋、书法和绘画，都代表了一个人的修养。弹琴不是要做音乐家，而是进入一个辽阔的世界，净化自己的心灵。下棋不是为了胜负，而是磨练耐性，使人目光眼大。书法不仅要把字写得漂亮，也是为了陶冶情操。绘画则是通过简单的线条，展现自己想象的世界。 In ancient times, scholars enjoyed themselvesby music, chess, calligraphy and painting at their leisure/in their spare time. In the eyes of Chinese people, the quality of artwork is a reflection of the character of its creator. Therefore, playing music, playing chess, practicing calligraphy and painting show one’s culture. By playing music, one does not aim to be a musician but to broaden his horizons and purify his soul. By playing chess, one does not aim to win but to test his patience and sharpen his foresight. By practicing calligraphy, one aims not only to write beautifully but also to cultivate his mind. By painting, one creates his imaginary world with simple lines.
中国译协中译英最新发布,各类专业术语直译（马上要口译的孩子们可以参考参考，万一考到了说得溜吓死考官~~~） 1.科学发展观the Outlook of Scientific Development（也有一说outlook 应为conception，有兴趣自己去查字典了解了解两词的区别 2.倡导公正、合理的新秩序观call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order 3.以平等互利为核心的新发展观new thinking on development based on equality and mutual benefit 4.推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster a new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination 5.主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观foster a new thinking on civilization that respects diversity 6.新能源观new thinking on energy development 有关先进文化的词汇 1.古为今用、洋为中用 旧译let the ancient serve the present, let the foreign serve the national 现译draw from past and foreign achievements 2.文艺工作cultural and art work; work in the cultural field 3.牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向firmly keep to the direction of an advanced culture/cultural advancement 4.文化与经济和政治互相交融interaction between cultural work, and economic and political activitiescultural elements/factors intermingle with economic and political factors 5.民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化 a socialist culture that is distinctly Chinese, pro-science and people-oriented 6.弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化promote mainstream values and uphold cultural diversity 7.以科学的理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以崇高的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人Equip/empower people with scientific theories, guide them with correct opinions/ convey to them right messages/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them with a noble spirit and inspire them with excellent/fine
汉译英短文翻译 1 近年来，中国城市化进人加速阶段，取得了极大的成就，同时也出现了种种错综复杂的问题。今天的城乡建设速度之快、规模之大、耗资之巨、涉及面之广、尺度之大等已远非生产力低下时期所能及，建筑已成为一种重大的经济活动。（102字） 难点注释： 1）城市化urbanization 2）加速阶段an accelerating phase 3）错综复杂的问题some complicated problems 4）远非?一所能及surpass 5）重大的经济活动a major economic pursuit 2 世界各地有3,600万人染上了艾滋病—这比整个澳大利亚的人口还多。目前，艾滋病是全球第4大死因，而在非洲则是头号罪魁。在非洲，艾滋病使工人丧失工作，使家庭丧失经济来源，使父母丧失孩子。在7个非洲国家中，巧岁至49岁的人口中艾滋病病毒感染者占到20％以上。（119字） 难点注释： 1）染上艾滋病suffer from AIDS 2）头号罪魁the chief culprit 3）使……丧失deprive of 4）艾滋病病毒感染者people infected with HIV 3 当今中国，对传真机的使用已十分普及，并成为现代重要的通讯终端设备。据一项调查显示，2002年，中国市场对传真机的需求量约为200万台，国内产量仅满足了约30%的需求，进口机占据市场的主导地位。（89字） 难点注释： 1）传真机fax machines 2）通讯终端设备telecommunications terminal equipment 3）占主导地位dominate 4 2000年，美国数码相机的销量达到惊人的510万台，而1999年只有310万台。数码相机的流行其原因非常简单：成像质量好且花费少。此外，使用数码相机还能省去不少麻烦。你不用买胶卷，所有的照片都被存在可反复使用的存储卡上。一按快门，就可以马上在液晶显示屏上观察照片的效果。（124字） 难点注释： 1）数码相机digital camera 2）可反复使用的存储卡reusable memo叮cards 3）按快门press the shutter 4）液晶显示屏the LCD screen 5