Unit 1 friendship grammar课时作业
Ⅰ.根据句意，用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
at a time take an active part in keep an eye on set up
as a result introduce include be concerned about sth.
in danger be home to
1．All flights have had to be cancelled ________ of the pilots' strike.
答案：as a result
2．Mary offered to ________ the baby while I went out.
答案：keep an eye on
3．The army has ________ road blocks round the city.
答案：set up
4．Our tour party ________ several retired couples.
答案：included
5．How can you expect me not to ________ my own son?
答案：be concerned about
6．We had to see the nurse one ________.
答案：at a time
7．A large sum of fund has been ________ to the company.
答案：introduced
8．At college I ________ student politics.
答案：take an active part in
9．Joseph is doing what he can to save animals ________.
答案：in danger
10．It ________ the Chinese Academy of science and more than ten famous univesities, including Peking University and Tsinghua University.
答案：is home to
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．While watching television，________.
A．the doorbell rang
B．the doorbell rangs
C．we heard the doorbell ring
D．we heard the doorbell rings
答案与解析：C题干中的非谓语动词形式是现在分词(watching)，那么后面句子的主语与watch必须是主谓关系，肯定是人，可以排除A项和B项。选项D时态不对。
2．One lost in forests will be________because there are ________ animals and other________. A．danger; dangerous; in danger
B．dangerous; danger; dangers
C．in danger; dangerous; dangers
D．dangerous; dangerous; in danger
答案与解析：C in danger指处于危险之中；danger指危险的人物或事物。句子的意思是“一个人在森林里迷了路是危险的，因为会有危险的动物和其他危险的情况”。
3．Do you think there is someone________ the honour in our class?
A．worth B．worthy
C．worthy of D．worthwhile
答案与解析：C worthy of意思是“配得上”，相当于who is worthy of，在句中作someone 的定语。
4．He was badly injured in the car accident, but he struggled ________ his feet and walked to the nearby village to ask for help.
A．to B．on
C．at D．for
答案与解析：A struggle to one's feet指“努力站起来”。
5．There'll be a sports meet in our school next month. How many of you are going to________？A．take up B．take part
C．join D．take part in
答案与解析：B take part in的意思是指“参加(活动、体育运动等)”，选项D多了介词，因为句子中没有宾语。
6．The police told the public to keep an eye________ the suspected person.
A．on B．for
C．about D．at
答案与解析：A keep an eye on是一个固定搭配，意思是“仔细留意某人(某事)”。句子的意思是“警察告知公众要留心那个可疑的人”。
7．—What does your pet feed________？
—I feed it________ fish.
A．on; to B．to; with
C．to; on D．on; with
答案与解析：D feed on的意思是“以……为食”；feed...with...的意思是“给……提供；给……供应”；feed...on...的意思是“用……来喂”。
8．The new law will come into________ on the day when it is passed.
A．effect B．use
C．being D．existence
答案与解析：A本题考查短语辨析。句子的意思是“新的法律将在它获得通过的那一天开始生效”。come into effect“开始生效”；come into use“开始使用”；come into being“成立”；come into existence“开始存在”。
9．Before the war broke out, many people________ in safe places possessions they couldn't take with them.
A．threw away B．put away
C．gave away D．carried away
答案与解析：B此题考查动词短语。throw away“扔掉，丢弃”；put away“放好，储存……备用”；give away“赠送，分发，泄露(秘密等)”；carry away“运走”。这句话的意思是：战争爆发之前，很多人把不能随身带走的财物放到了安全的地方，故选put away。
10．The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds________his arguments in favour of the new theory.
A．on which to base
B．which to base on
C．to base on
D．to be based on
答案与解析：A题意为“教授几乎找不到支持这一新理论的充分理由”。根据题意，题中
的professor是将自己的arguments建立在sufficient grounds之上，即base arguments on these grounds。因此，代词which指代先行词grounds，作介词on的宾语。构成“介词＋关系代词＋to do”。
11．He recommended that a special committee________ to look into the matter.
A．were set up B．was set up
C．be set up D．set up
答案与解析：C在句型“recommend that＋主语＋(should＋)动词原形”中，从句要用虚拟语气；又因为committee与set up之间为被动关系，所以选择C项。
12. (2019·安徽安庆一中)A sheep ________ on this kind of special grass usually grows much faster than ________ on ordinary.
A. fed; one
B. feeds; the one
C. fed; that
D. feeding; it
答案与解析：A fed on作定语，相当于which/that is fed on；后一空中指代的是a sheep，表示泛指，所以用one代替。
13．I like________ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A．this B．that
C．it D．one
答案与解析：C it为虚意代词，它笼统地指后面提到事情，即the weather is clear and bright。14．This year the white ducks are no longer lovely in the local's eyes，________their fear of bird flu.
A．except for B．due to
C．in case of D．instead of
答案与解析：B due to意思是“由于”，表示原因。except for意为“除了”；in case of意为“万一”；instead of意为“代替，而不是”。
15．________is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. A．It B．As
C．That D．What
答案与解析：B as引导非限制性定语从句，位于句首，指代其主句的内容。此题中标点符号很关键，若将“，”换成that，则选A项。
Ⅲ.完成/翻译句子
1．____________(由于科学家的艰辛工作)，the number of the pandas living wild______________(已经增加到约1590只)．
答案：Thanks to the scientists' hard work; has increased to about 1,590
2．Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelope at a time，_____________(只留下那些毛不那么值钱的幼崽)．
答案：leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth so much.
3．The hunted Tibetan Antelopes_____________(当场被剥下皮来)and the wool is taken to India，______________(在那里这羊毛被制成)the shawls.
答案：are skinned on the spot; where it is made into
4．他是这些孩子中唯一一个学过法语的人。
答案：He is the only one of the boys who has learned French.
5．It is true that those who graduate from famous schools have many advantages, but they pay dearly for them.
答案：毕业于名校诚然有许多益处，但也需付出相当大的代价。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
The Tasmanian devil is a rare marsupial (有袋动物) that lives only on the Australian island state of Tasmania. The doglike animal is rapidly disappearing. The Tasmanian state government estimates that the number of devils has dropped from around 150,000 in the mid－1990s to
between 20,000 and 50,000 at the end of 2019.
The devil was declared an endangered species last week. It is being wiped out by a rare cancer called devil facial tumor (肿瘤) disease (DFTD)．It spreads like a cold or flu from animal to animal.The disease is passed when one devil bites another.When the marsupial is infected with DFTD, large tumors develop around its mouth and neck. These growths make it impossible for the devil to eat.Many finally die from starvation within six months of being infected.
As the name implies, the disease occurs only in Tasmanian devils and cannot be passed to humans. You've got to remember that devils are scavengers (清道夫). They search through garbage for food. Throughout Tasmania people maintain outdoor dumps. If somebody threw out a carcass (兽类尸体), then the devils might actually consume quite large quantities of it.
The disease has not yet appeared in the devil population that lives in the northwest region of Tasmania. Conservationists (环保主义者) have captured some of the healthy devils and sent them to a new home on the mainland of Australia. They hope these DFTD－free marsupials can be used to start a captive－breeding population. Once there are more disease－free devils, they can then repopulate the areas of Tasmania where the species is being wiped out.
Tasmanian devils play an important role in keeping the state's ecosystem in balance. They keep the population of other predators, such as foxes and wild cats, in check. Ray Nias, head of World Wildlife Federation Australia's conservation program, says all Tasmanian wildlife will suffer if the devil becomes extinct. “If the devils go and the foxes and cats increase, it would be all over for a good dozen or more species of mammals, many of which are unique to Tasmania.”
1. It can be inferred that the Tasmanian devil is ________.
A. a hard－working street cleaner
B. a grass－eating animal
C. a meat－eating marsupial
D. a DFTD origin
答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，袋獾是一种食肉动物。2．What's the reason for making the Tasmanian devil endangered?
A. A rare disease called DFTD occurs in Tasmanian devils.
B. The dog likes to attack Tasmanian devils.
C. Tasmanian people try to wipe out Tasmanian devils.
D. The region of Tasmania is becoming unsuitable for Tasmanian devils to breed.
答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知：一种致命的面部肿瘤疾病在袋獾中开始流行，大块的肿瘤在其脸和脖子上生成，使它们不能进食，许多袋獾因此被饿死。袋獾的生存状况变得严峻。
3. To which question does the last paragraph give the answer?
A. How should people protect the devils?
B. What do the Tasmanian people do with the devils?
C. What will happen if the devils disappear?
D. Which animal is closely related to the devils?
答案与解析：C段落主旨题。最后一段讲述了袋獾在保持生态平衡和控制其他物种方面的作用。如果袋獾灭绝，狐狸和野猫的数量增加，那么塔斯马尼亚所有的野生动物都会受到牵连。综上所述，此段回答了“如果袋獾灭绝，将会发生什么”这个问题。
4. What measures do Tasmanian people take to stop the devils from being wiped out?
A. Trapping disease－free devils and sending them to a new place to breed more babies.
B. Searching the cause of the disease and finding an effective treatment.
C. Developing new chemicals for the infected animals.
D. Moving all the devils to a new home on the mainland of Australia.
答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知：环保主义者将健康的袋獾送到澳大利亚大陆，让其繁殖更多的幼仔，然后用这些无病的袋獾重新去充实那些袋獾濒危的地区。
5. What's true about DFTD?
A. It's a disease that can be spread to human beings.
B. It's a cold that occurs only in Tasmanian devils.
C. It's a flu that Tasmanian devils get infected from their companions.
D. It's a cancer that can be passed from one Tasmanian devil to another.
答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段可知，DFTD是能够像感冒或流感一样传播的一种癌症，可以通过动物间的撕咬传播。袋獾被感染该病病毒之后大块的肿瘤在其脸和脖子上生成，使其不能进食，进而被饿死。
B
As the world's largest terrestrial carnivore, the polar bear is the king of the great white north. Adult males can measure more than nine feet in length and weigh between 770 and 1 430 pounds. The bear's body and neck are elongated (细长的), and the head is narrow and long with small, rounded
ears.
Polar bear populations can be found in northern Canada, Greenland, Norway and Russia, and there have been reports that polar bear tracks have been found as far north as the North Pole. The five million square－mile range of the polar bear circles the Arctic and contains stretches of open water where its primary prey—seals—are easily caught.
Polar bears live on the annual Arctic sea ice that provides a platform from which they can hunt. They hunt ringed and bearded seals on the sea ice by breaking into seal dens in the sea ice. The dens are not visible from above, but seeing is less important than smelling to a polar bear—with their keen sense of smell, polar bears can detect the breathing holes of seals in their dens beneath
the snow and ice.
As the southern edge of the arctic ice cap melts in summer, polar bears are stranded on land and spend their summers fasting, living off body fat stored from hunting in the spring and winter.
It might come as a surprise that this majestic species faces an uncertain future: Climate change is causing the disappearance of sea ice from which polar bears hunt their prey. Sea ice in the Arctic is melting earlier and forming later each year.
With about 22 000 polar bears living in the wild, the species is not currently endangered, but its future is far from certain. People reached an agreement that restricts the hunting of polar bears and directs each nation to protect their habitats, but it does not protect the bears against the biggest man－made threat to their survival：global warming. If current warming trends continue，scientists believe that polar bears may disappear within 100 years.
6. The underlined word “dens”in Paragraph 3 most probably means________.
A. the home of wild animals
B. the skin of the wild animals
C. thick smoke that is difficult to see
D. water of the deep sea
答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据dens所在的句子的上下文，可以推断其含义是“巢穴”，所以答案选A。
7. In summer, what do the polar bears depend on to survive?
A. They catch seals for food.
B. They search for food on land.
C. They search for food in the sea.
D. They use stored fat.
答案与解析：D细节理解题。由文章第三段最后“polar bears are stranded on land and spend their summers fasting, living off body fat stored from hunting in the spring and winter”可知北极熊夏天依靠在春天和冬天储存的脂肪维持生命。
8. What will be the reason of polar bear's extinction in the future?
A. The ice on the land of the Arctic is disappearing day by day.
B. The sea ice is melting earlier and forming earlier.
C. The climate is changing due to people's activities.
D. People killed too many polar bears.
答案与解析：C推理判断题。文章最后一段讲述的是北极熊未来的生存状况。由于人类的活动引起气候变暖，使北冰洋冰的面积开始减少，进而会影响到北极熊的未来生存。
9. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. people have reached an agreement to protect polar bears
B. the polar bear is an endangered species at the present
C. the polar bear can be found near the North Pole and South Pole
D. we should protect seals in order to keep the food chain in the Arctic
答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据最后一段中间一句可知人们已经达成协议来保护北极熊，虽然北极熊仍面临着全球变暖的巨大威胁。
Survey n. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查 1. We stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上，眺望乡村。 2. A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人。 Add v. 增加 1. He added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火旺些。 2. If you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九。 3. Add up all the money I owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起。 Upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴 v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服 1. I'm always upset when I don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱。 2. He has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服。 3. The news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱。 Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 1. I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! 2. I can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了。 Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的 v. 平静下来,镇静 1. It was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静、明媚的早晨。 2. You should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。 3. Have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来。 calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来) 1. His rage was soon calmed down by the rustic peace. 乡村的宁静很快就使他的怒气平静下来。 2. I told myself to calm down. 我告诫自己要冷静下来。 have got to conj. 不得不(必须) 1. You may not like him, but you have got to admire his persistence. 你可以不喜欢他，但你不得不佩服他那种坚忍不拔的精神。 2. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time -- unless I had caught an earlier train. 我不可能及时赶到会场，除非我赶上了较找的一班火车。 Concern n. 关心,关系, 关切的事,忧虑 v. 涉及,与...有关,影响;使关心 1. How much money I earn is none of your concern. 我挣多少钱与你无关。 2. These problems concern all of us. 这些问题影响到我们每一个人。 3. This restaurant is a family concern. 这家饭店是由一家人经营的。 be concerned about vt. 关心(挂念) 1. It is reassuring to be enquired after when you're ill. It shows your friends haven't stopped being concerned about you. 如果能询问一下你是何时生病的我们也就放心了。因为你的朋友一直在关心你。 2. The government's claim to be concerned about unemployment is sheer hypocrisy. 政府声称对失业表示关注纯属做做姿态。 Cheat n. 骗子,欺骗行为 v. 欺骗,作弊 1. His father was cheated of his land. 他的父亲被人骗走了地产。 2. He never cheats to pass examination. 他考试从不作弊。 3. He was cheated (out) of his rightful inheritance. 他依法应得的遗产被人骗走了. Reason n. 理由,原因,理智,理性 v. 说服,推论,下判断 1. She can reason very clearly. 她能很清晰地思考。 2. Copernicus reasoned that the earth revolved around the sun. 哥白尼论证了地球绕着太阳转。 3. We have reason to believe that he was murdered. 我们有理由相信他是被谋杀的。 list n. 目录,名单,明细表 v. 列出,列于表上,记入名单内 1. He wrote down his name on the list. 他将他的名字写在清单上。 2. He listed all the things he had to do. 他把自己必须做的事列成表。 Share n. 部份,股份,分担 v. 共享,共有,分配 1. If you want a share of the pay, you'll have to do your fair share of the work. 要是你想得到一份报酬，你就必须做好你该分担的那一份工作。 2. She's got all her money in stocks and shares. 她所有的钱都投放到股票里去了。
Unit 1 Friendship 1. 合计_____________________________________; 3. 不得不；必须______________________________; 5. 遛狗_____________________________________; 7. 记下；放下________________________________; 9. 故意_____________________________________; 11. 在黄昏时刻______________________________; 13. 不再…___________________________________; 15. 从…中恢复过来___________________________; 17. 将…装箱打包_____________________________; 19. 相爱；爱上_______________________________; 21. 参加；加入_______________________________; 23. 松开了__________________________________; 25. 付钱；付款；买单__________________________; 27. 对(某人)重要_____________________________; 29. 笑话；取笑（某人）_________________________; 31. 在日记中________________________________; 33. 对…着迷；迷恋____________________________; 35. 深蓝色的天空____________________________; 37. 太多____________________________________; 39. 在楼上__________________________________; 41. 肮脏的窗帘______________________________; 43. 记日记；写日记___________________________; 45. 绑起来__________________________________; 47. 在公路上________________________________; 49. 说…的闲话；______________________________; 51. 与…交朋友_______________________________; 53. 给…一些建议_____________________________; 55. 过去的事件______________________________; 57. 试一试；尝试一下_________________________; 59. settle____________________________________; 2. 使…镇静下来______________________________; 4. 关心；挂念________________________________; 6. 经历；经受________________________________; 8. 一连串的；一系列的_______________________; 10. 为了____________________________________; 12. 面对面地________________________________; 14. 遭受…___________________________________; 16. 对…厌烦_________________________________; 18. 与…相处；进展____________________________; 20. 对（某人）表示感激________________________; 22. 度假____________________________________; 24. 被车撞了________________________________; 26. 考试作弊________________________________; 28. 最深的感受______________________________; 30. 在二战中________________________________; 32. 在藏身之处______________________________; 34. 与自然有关______________________________; 36. 保持醒着________________________________; 38. 碰巧____________________________________; 40. 下楼____________________________________; 42. 积满灰尘的窗子__________________________; 44. 列一个单，列出___________________________; 46. 没注意到________________________________; 48. 与…有麻烦；有矛盾________________________; 50. 与人交流________________________________; 52. 改变这种状况____________________________; 54. 喜欢与不喜欢的事情______________________; 56. 表达你的感受与想法______________________; 58. concern__________________________________; 60. tip______________________________________;
高二生物辅导（一） 必修三第一章 一、内环境 1. 内环境是指由细胞外液构成的液体环境，是机体内细胞生活的直接环境。 （1）血浆：血细胞直接生活的环境。 （2）组织液（又叫细胞间隙液）：体内绝大多数细胞直接生活的环境。 （3）淋巴液（也叫淋巴）：淋巴管内的吞噬细胞和淋巴细胞直接生活的环境。 2、各种细胞的内环境 ①血细胞直接生活的环境：血浆； ②毛细血管壁细胞直接生活的环境：血浆和组织液； ③毛细淋巴壁细胞直接生活的环境：淋巴和组织液； ④体内绝大多数组织细胞直接生活的环境：组织液 3、内环境的成分 （1）人的呼吸道、肺泡腔、消化道、泪腺等有孔道与外界相通的结构中的液体应视为外部环境。如尿液、泪液、消化液等不是细胞外液。营养废物和气体，激素抗体与递质，胞内物质都不是。血红蛋白(红细胞内)、载体蛋白和过氧化氢酶等各种胞内酶，它们属于细胞内液的成分。 ( 2 ) 属于内环境的成分 ①营养成分：氧气、水、无机盐、葡萄糖、甘油、脂肪酸等。 ②代谢产物：激素、维生素、抗体、组织胺、神经递质等。 ③代谢废物：二氧化碳、尿素等。 二、细胞外液的化学成分 1、血浆：90%以上是水,是蛋白质, 10%是糖类,无机盐类,代谢产物等 2、组织液、淋巴的成分和含量与血浆相近，但又不完全相同，“最主要”的差别是血浆中含有较多的蛋白质，而组织液和淋巴中的蛋白质含量很少。 三、细胞外液的理化特性 1、溶液的渗透压：是指溶液中溶质微粒对水的吸引力。溶液渗透压的大小取决于单位体积溶液中溶质的微粒的数目，溶质微粒越多，溶液浓度越高，对水的吸引力越大，溶液渗透压越高。由于血浆中含有无机盐和蛋白质，故血浆渗透压与其有关。
Unit 1 friendship Participants: 靳燕，黄洋，董妮娅，仝亚军，李桂秀，吴晓，邹舍龙 School: Tai Zhou No.1 Senior Middle School 1.Teaching aims and demands 类别课程标准要求掌握的项目 话题Friends and friendship; interpersonal relationships 词汇Add point upset ignore calm concern loose cheat reason list share feeling Netherlands German outdoors crazy nature purpose dare thunder entirely power according trust indoors suffer teenager advice questionnaire quiz situation editor communicate habit add up calm down have got to be concerned about walk the dog go through hide away set down a series of on purpose in order to face to face according to get along with fall in love join in 功能 1.态度(attitudes) Are you afraid that---? I’v e grown so crazy about--- dare--- I didn’ｔ 2. 同意和不同意（agreement and disagreement） I agree. I think so. Exactly. think so. I’m afraid not. agree. I don’ｔ I don’ｔ 3.肯定程度（certainty） That’s correct. Of course not. 语法直接引语和间接引语(1): 陈述句和疑问句 1.陈述句 want to set down a series of facts in a diary.” Said Anne. “Ｉd on’ｔ want to set down a series of facts in a diary. ----Anne said that she didn’ｔ 2.一般疑问句 He asked, “Are you leaving tonight?” ---He asked us whether we were leaving that night. 3.特殊疑问句 “When did you go to bed last night?” father said to Anne. --- Father asked Anne when she went to bed the night before. 2.Suggested teaching notes 1). Analyses of the teaching contents This unit is about friendship, and nearly all the teaching materials center
高一英语必修1 Unit 1 Friendship Part 1. Warming up 1.介词不同，含义有别： be good to sb./sth. 对… 好be good for sb./sth. 对… 有好处 be good at (doing) sth. 擅长，精通be good with sb./sth. 善于应付… 的 eg. She was very good to me when I was ill. Doing morning exercises is good for health. Tim is good at speaking English. He is very good with children. 他对孩子很有一套。 2.add up 合计，把…加起来add up to 合计达到… add to 增加，增添add A to B 把…加进…里面，把…和…相加 eg. Please add these figures up. These figures add up to 900. The bad weather added to our difficulities. Please add some salt to the water. Add three to four and you get seven. ▲ add vt. 补充说（后接that从句或者直接引语） eg. He added that they would return in a week. “And don’t be late,”she added. 3.point n.点，要点，观点，意义，得分v.指着 be on the point of doing sth. when......=be about to do sht. when....正要做某事，这时...... There is no point (in) doing sth. 没有必要（意义）做某事 4. until与not … until until表示动作、状态的持续，强调“一直到……为止”，或强调某个动作或状态一直持续到另一个动作或状态出现之前。常与表示延续性动作的动词连用。 not … until表示“到……为止；直到……才”，常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用。 eg. He lived with his parents until he graduated from college. The noise of the street didn’t stop until midnight. 5. finish sth./doing sth. 后跟动名词作宾语的动词或短语还有：admit, appreciate, avoid，consider，delay, enjoy，escape, feel like, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine，mind, miss（错过）, practice, suggest, risk，can't stand（不能忍受）, can’t help (忍不住），give up, put off等。 help sb.(to) do sth. There is no way to escape doing the work. 没有办法逃脱做这项工作。 We shall appreciate hearing from you again. 能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。 He put off paying the bills 6. get sth. done 使某事被做( get做使役动词，“使、叫、让”后接复合宾语) eg. When are you going to get your hair cut? I must get my homework finished first before going out to play. He got his foot hurt while playing football. ▲get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事eg. I will get him to do the work. ▲get sb./sth. doing…使某人或者某物开始…起来eg. Let me try now. I will get the car going. ▲get + n. + adj. 使… 成为某种状态eg. Get everything ready. ★联想：have sth. done 使某事被做 have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
UNIT 1 Anne’s best friend 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担 心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？ 安妮弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她 最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一 家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹 抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了二十五个月之后才被发现。在这段时间里， 她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在 日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称 作基蒂”。 安妮从1942年七月起就躲藏在那里了，现在来看看他当时 的心情吧。 1944年6月15日，星期四 亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一 切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛 蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自 从我来到这里，这一切都变了。 …比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到 11点半故意不睡 觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打 开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼 上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆 黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了。这 是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚… 不幸的是……我只能透过那满是灰尘的窗帘下那脏兮兮的窗 户看看大自然。只能隔着窗户看那大自然实在没意思，因为大自 然是需要真正体验的东西。 Using Language 亲爱的王小姐： 现在我同班上的同学有些麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处的很好。我们常常一起做家庭作业，而且很乐意互相帮助。我们成了真正好朋友。可是，其他同学却在背后议论起来，他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是，我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎么办呢？
第一单元生活与消费 第一课神奇的货币 揭开货币的神秘面纱 1、商品的含义：用于交换的劳动产品，就称为商品。 2、商品的基本属性：商品是使用价值（商品能够满足人们某种需要的属性）和价值（凝结在商品中的无差别的人类劳动）的统一体。 3、价值的含义：价值是指凝结在商品中的无差别的人类劳动。 4、货币的本质：货币是从商品中分离出来固定充当一般等价物的商品。货币的本质是一般等价物。 3、货币的基本职能：货币具有价值尺度与流通手段两大基本职能。 （1）价值尺度（观念货币）：①含义：货币所具有的表现和衡量其他一切商品价值大小的职能。②价格：用一定数量的货币表示出来的商品价值。价值决定价格，价格体现价值。 （2）流通手段（现实货币）：①含义：货币充当商品交换媒介的职能。②商品流通：以货币为媒介的商品交换。公式：货币—商品—货币 （3）货币的其他三种职能：贮藏手段、支付手段、世界货币。 4、金属货币与纸币： （1）纸币的含义：由国家（或某些地区）发行并强制使用的。 （2）纸币的本质：纸币只是价值符号，本身没有价值，国家强制方能使用。 （3）纸币的发行：纸币的发行量等于流通中所需要的货币量。（流通中所需要的货币量＝商品价格总额/货币流通次数=W价格水平×待售W数量/G流通速度） 5、通货膨胀：指经济运行中出现的物价总水平持续上涨的现象。 6、通货紧缩：物价总水平持续下跌的现象。 信用卡、支票和外汇 1、结算方式：现金结算，转账结算。 2、信用卡功能：信用卡可以集存款、取款、消费、结算、查询为一体，能减少现金的使用，简化收款手续，方便购物消费。（简捷、安全、方便等优点） 3、外汇和汇率： （1）外汇的含义：外汇是用外币表示的用于国际间结算的支付手段。 （2）汇率的含义：汇率又称汇价，是两种货币之间的兑换比率。 ★（3）汇率的波动及影响（保持人民币币值稳定的意义）：保存人民币币值基本稳定，即对保持物价总水平稳定，对外保持人民币汇率稳定，对人民生活安定、经济社会持续健康发展，对世界金融稳定、经济发展具有重要意义。 第二课多变的价格 影响价格的因素 1、影响价格的因素：（1）供求影响价格：①供不应求，价格升高。②供过于求，价格降低。（2）价值决定价格。 社会必要劳动时间指现有的社会正常的生产条件下，在社会平均劳动熟练程度和劳动强度下制造某种商品的需时间。 2、劳动生产率：劳动者的生产效率。 3、价值规律的容：商品的价值量由生产该商品的社会必要劳动时间决定，商品交换以价值量为基础实行等价交换。 4、价值规律的表现形式：商品价格受供求关系的影响，围绕价值上下波动 5、价值规律的作用： A．调节劳动力和生产资料在社会生产各部门的分配（原因：供求与价格相互影响相互制约。结果：使资源在社会各部门之间实现优化配置） B．刺激商品生产者改进技术，改善经营管理，提高劳动生产率（原因：社会必要劳动时间决定商品价值量。结果：使企业部实现优化配置） C．导致商品生产的优胜劣汰。（原因：社会必要劳动时间决定商品价值量。结果：使资源在企业之间实现优化配置，总之，即有利于资源优化，合理，高效配置） 价格变动的影响 1、对生活的影响
Unit 1 知识点 1.take place / happen / occur / come about / break out ①take place表示“发生、举行、举办”，多指按计划或设想发生。 ②happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。 sth happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上，sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事③occur作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于happen。 sth occur to sb某人（突然）想到某事 ④come about表示“发生、产生”，指事情已发生，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。 ⑤break out意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等 1). Great changes have ________(发生) in our hometown during the past ten years. 2). It _____________________ (我突然想起) I saw him on my way home yesterday. 3). I _________ (碰巧) to see your sister crying on my way to school yesterday. I was in such a hurry that I had no time to ask what had happened ________ (介词) her? 4). When the Second World War ________(爆发), Tom was only a newborn infant. 5). I’ll never understand how it _____(发生) that you were late three times a week. 6). A big earthquake _________ (发生) in the south of China last year. 2. celebrate / congratulate ①celebrate“庆祝”，后面跟某个节日或物。celebrate sth 庆祝某事 in celebration of 为庆祝...... ②congratulate“祝贺”，congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.“祝贺某人某事”。 1). We all ________ Jessica on her winning the first prize in the writing competition. 2). At Christmas the people in the western countries will _______the birth of Jesus. 3). Let’s hold a party to ___________ your birthday and at the same time ________ you ___________ your passing the examination. 4). They hold a party_________________ their victory . 3. award / reward ①award n.“奖品”、“奖金”，win/get/receive an award for sth.因......获奖vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给”award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. ②reward n.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬as a reward vt. 表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意reward sb. for（doing）sth. / reward sb. with sth. 【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。 1). They ________ John the first prize in the contest. 2). Is that how you ________ me for my help? 3). The film won an ________ ________ its photography.
Unit 1 friendship 1.Teaching aims and demands 2.Suggested teaching notes 1). Analyses of the teaching contents This unit is about friendship, and nearly all the teaching materials center on it. Warming up---The questionnaire leads students to think and talk about
friendship, get to know the problems between friends and seek solutions, which makes preparations for the further teaching in topics, background and vocabulary. Pre-reading---The questions prompt students to think critically about friends and friendship in reality, alerting them to the fact that besides people, a diary can be a friend, too. Reading--- The diary by theJewish girl Anne gave a glimpse of her life during her family’s shelter in Amsterdam from the German Nazis’ killing in world war 2. she treats the diary as her best friend, and in it reveals her longing for a normal life and close contact with nature, which helps her get through the days. Comprehending---It helps students further understand the text by doing multiple choices, questions and answers, and matching. Learning about language---It teaches the important expressions and structures and grammar: direct and indirect speeches. Using language---The two letters, listening, questionnaire design, letter writing and fun writing prepares students to further talk about friendship, especially the problems with misunderstanding, and unfriendliness, thus strengthening students’ abilities to practice language, discover, and solve problems. Summing up---It summarizes the whole contents of this unit from the aspects of topics, vocabulary and grammar. Learning tip--- This part encourages students to form the habit of writing a diary. Integrating skills--- The text introduces the way Hawaiians express friendship, to get students to realize the cultural differences in the values of friendship in addition its importance in all cultures. 2) Making of the teaching plan This unit centers on friends and friendship, exploring different types of friendship with particular attention to that one can develop with oneself, i.e., the comfort and support one seeks from an imaginary friend. Students are expected to come to be truly aware of the qualities and conducts that make a good friend, display and develop the ability to cope with misunderstanding, conflicts and problems related to friendship, and give advice on it. The concept that even an ordinary thing can be a friend should break down the traditional belief in the interpersonal nature of friendship. Also, the comparison of similarities
高一英语必修一Unit1 Friendship知识点总结 1. be good to 对……友好 be good for 对……有益;be bad to…/be bad for… 2. add up 加起来增加 add up to 合计，总计 add… to 把……加到…… 3. not…until/till 意思是“直到…才” 4. get sth/sb done 使……完成/使某人被…… 5. calm down平静下来 6. be concerned about 关心注重 7. 当while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的 主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。 While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose. 8. cheat in the exam 考试作弊 9. go through 经历;度过;获准，通过 10. hide away 躲藏;隐 藏 11. set down 写下，记下 12. I wonder if….. 我不知道是不是…. 12. on purpose 故意 13. sth happen to sb 某人发生某事 sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 it so happened that ……正巧碰巧 14. It is the first (second…) that… (从句谓语动词用现在 完成时) 15. in one’s power 处于……的控制之中16. It’s no pleasure doing…. 做…..没有乐趣 It’s no good/ use doing s th. 做某事是没好处/没用的
Teaching Plan Unit1 Friendship 教材人教版高中英语必修一 试讲者李瑶单位新疆师范大学 适用年级高中一年级单元第一单元 课题Anne’s Best Friend 课时共五课时，第二课时 （ Reading） 一．教材分析 Analysis of the Teaching Materials This unit is the first unit of the senior English studying which talks about friendship.As for the students, at the beginning of senior school life, making new friends is one of important things for them now,so the topic of this unit is appropriate at the present time. It can easily stimulate students’interests in English learning and help students think how to choose friends and the meaning of the friendship. The reading passage is the center of the unit. It mainly talks about the Anna , a Jewish girl , during the world war II, regarded the diary as her best friend to express her happiness, sorrow and missing to her hometown. 二．学情分析 Analysis of the Students As the students, grade1of senior high school,they have the basic abilities of listening,speaking,reading and writing,but they still need more chances to practice what they have learnt and improve their ability of communicating with others and expressing their ideas fluently and accurately. Meanwhile,it is also necessary to develop their autonomous learning ability and cooperative learning ability, as well cultivate the awareness of cultural differences. 三. 教学目标 Teaching Aims 1.Knowledge Objectives 1.Get students to know the main content of this article. 2.Learn about the formats of a diary. 2.Ability Objectives 1.Develop their reading ability and learn to use some reading strategies such as guessing, key sentences, skimming and so on. 2.Summarize different paragraphs. 3.Emotion Objectives