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牛津版英语7B_unit6_第二课时知识点汇总 2

牛津版英语7B_unit6_第二课时知识点汇总 2
牛津版英语7B_unit6_第二课时知识点汇总 2

Unit6 Outdoor fun

第二课时

【第一部分】学习目标

1、进一步巩固一般过去时的知识;

2、扩大词汇量,阅读有关过去事情的文章;

3、结合本单元所学词汇和句子描写一篇有关户外活动的文章;

4、复习巩固本单元的词汇和句型,以及语法知识。【第二部分】知识点

Section Ⅰ Integrated skills

1、found a new way to make paper

找到造纸的一种新方法

find 的用法:

(1)find意为"发现、发觉"

作此意解时,其后接宾语+宾补(分词、形容词、副词、名词、介词短语或to be)。作宾补的动词用现在分词还是过去分词取决于动词同宾语之间的关系。

A group of children were found playing on the playground. 有人发现一群孩子正在操场上玩耍。We have found him (to be) a dishonest person. 我们发现他是一个不诚实的孩子。

I find it necessary to get a map while traveling.

我感到旅行的时候有必要搞到一张地图。

(2)find意为"找到、寻找"

应当注意,find作"找到,寻找"解时,侧重寻找的结果;而look for则侧重寻找的过程。

I lost my cellphone this morning. I've been looking for it ever since, but I haven't found it.今天上午我把手机丢了。从那时起我就一直在找,可是到现在还没找到。

(3)find后接从句

find后可接that-clause,表示"发现一个事实、道理" He found that some of the natives knew his language. 他发现有几个本地人懂他的语言。

(4)find构成的常用短语

find oneself(发现自己真实的能力、性格等);find fault with(抱怨;挑剔);find one's way to(设法到达)等。

The manager is always finding fault with my work. 经理总是对我的工作吹毛求疵。

I hope you can find your way home. 我希望你能找到回家的路。

Find a way to do sth 找到做什么的方法

I find a way to study English.

我找一种学习英语的方法。

2、used bamboo to make kites.

过去常常用竹子制作风筝

used to的用法归纳

(1)基本用法特点

used to的意思是“过去经常”,其中的to是不定式符号,不是介词,所以其后接动词原形(不接动名词)。如:

He used to live in Paris. 他过去一直住在巴黎。

I used to write poetry when I was young.

我年轻时常常写诗。

"Do you play golf?" "No, but I used to." “你打高尔夫球吗?”“不打,但我过去打。”

(2)如何构成否定式和疑问式

used to作为情态动词,可直接在used后加not构成否定式,直接将used置于句首构成疑问式,但与一般的情态动词不同的,它也可像普通动词那样借助助动词did构成否定式和疑问式。如:

He usedn’t [didn’t use] to come. 他过去不常来。You used to go there, usedn’t [didn’t] you? 你过去常到那儿去,是吗?

Where did you use to live? 你过去是住哪儿的? 【注】在现代英语中,used to的否定式和疑问式通常借助助动词did构成(特别是在口语和非正式文体中),而直接将used作为助动词用通常被认为是非常正统或过时的用法。然而有趣的是,有时还可见到以下这种混合形式。如:

Did you used to be a teacher? 你过去是当老师的吗?

They didn’t used to live here. 他们过去没住在这儿。

(3) used to与副词连用时的位置

与often, always, never等副词连用时,通常置于副词之后,也可置于副词之前。如:

I always used [used always] to be afraid of dogs. 我过去老是怕狗。

He often used [used often] to sit outside the door of his house. 他过去常坐他家门口。

【注意】它通常不与具体的一般不能与表示次数(如twice, three times 等)或一段时间(如three months, five years等)的词连用。如:

正:I went to Paris three times. 我去过巴黎3次。

误:I used to go to Paris three times.

正:He lived in the country for three years. 他在乡下住过3年。

误:He used to live in the country for three years. (4) used to 与 be used to的用法比较

① used to 意为“过去经常”,其中的 to 是不定式符号,后接动词原形。如:

He used to live in Paris. 他过去一直住在巴黎。

② be used to 意为“习惯于”,其中的to是介词,后接动词要用动名词。如:

He is used to living in the country. 他已习惯于住在乡下。(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/d87484786.html,)

【注】①若要强调从不习惯到习惯的过程,可用 get, become 等代替动词 be。如:

He has got used to looking after himself. 他已习惯于自己照顾自己。

② be used to 有时可能是动词 use 的被动语态结构(此时意为“被用来”,其中的 to 为不定式符号,其后要接动词原形)。如:

A hammer is used to drive in nails. 锤子是用来钉钉子的。

(5) used to 与would的用法比较

(1) 两者都表示过去的习惯,当表示过去习惯性的动作时,可互换。如:

When we were children we would [used to] go skating every winter. 我们小时候,每年冬天都去溜冰。

(2) 若表示过去持续的状态,通常只用used to,不用would。如:

He used to like you. 他原来还是喜欢你的。

He is not what he used to be.

他已不是从前的他了。

(3) 若要强调过去与现在的对比,也通常只用used to。如:

I don’t smoke these days, but I used to. 我现在不抽烟,但我以前是抽的。

I used to drive to work but now I cycle. 过去我常驾车上班,但我现在骑自行车。

3、made a bird out of wood

用木头做了一只鸟

made of, made from, made out of, made into 的用法及各自特点用法

make作及物动词,可表示(制造,做),常用于被动语态。表示某物(由...制造)的,根据不同情况be made

后面跟不同的介词。

1)如从外观上可直接看出构成某物的原材料,如cotton,silk,metal,iron,steel,gold,wood等物质名词,用be made of,如:

All the furniture here is made of wood.

这里的家具都是木头做的。

2)如从外观上看不出构成某物的原材料原来的样子,用be made from。如:

The paper is made from straw.

这纸是由稻草制作的。

3)make out of通常用主动形式。如:

He made this present out of leaves.

和be made of 一样,也是指可以看到原材料。 4)be made into被制成....。如:

Milk is mde into butter.

4、have a long history. 有很长的历史

复数形式:histories;

n.

1. 历史学

2. 历史

3. 史实的叙述

4. 经历, 履历; 来历

5. 不再相关或不再重要的事实

6. 历史课;历史学

7. 历史(指历史记载或历史传说)

In history 在历史上

history的用法例句

1. She's written the definitive history of Vienna.

她写下了权威性的维也纳历史。

2. The novel unrolls the history of a certain woman.

那本小说揭露了某个女子的过去。

3. No one can hold back the wheel of history. 谁也无法阻止历史车轮的前进。

4. Throughout history men have waged war.

自有历史以来就有战争。

5. The French Revolution was a volcanic upheaval in European history.

法国大革命是欧洲历史上的一次剧变。

6. One of the most memorable gags in the history of vaudeville.

轻歌舞剧历史上最令人难忘的噱头之一

5、Weifang,a city in Shandong Province,has

become famous for making kites from then on . 潍坊,山东省的一个城市,从那时起因制造风筝变得出名了。

(1)From then on “从那时起”

例如:From then on he refused to talk about it.

从那以后他拒绝谈此事。

(2)become 动词意为“变得,成为”

例如:Even before he was ten ,he became very interested in science.

他甚至不到十岁就对科学感兴趣了。

(3)become famous for ....因…而出名

这是一个现在完成时的句子,所表达的意思是某状态从过去某时刻开始,便一直延续到现在。现在完成时的结构是:

主语+have/has +过去分词

He has lived here from then on .

从那时起,他便生活在这里。

6、go for a picnic

去野餐

等价的表达还有 go on a picnic,have a picnic 7、It is dangerous to swim in the lake.

在这个湖里游泳是危险的。

It is + adj + to do sth 意为“做…是…的”

例如:

It is pleasent to talk with friends.

和朋友聊天是愉快的。

8、Remember to take your mobile phone.

记得带上你的手机。

Remember to do sth “记得做某事”

例如:Remember to do your homework.

记得做作业。

9、Now everything is ready.

一切事情都准备好了。

代词 pron.

(1)每件事,事事,一切事物

She does everything to help her mother.

她尽全力帮助她母亲。

Mary is worried about her family and everything. 玛丽担心她的家人还有一切的一切。

Dust slowly covered everything.

所有东西上都慢慢积满了灰尘。

(2)(仅用于补语中)最重要的东西[(+to)]

Her son is everything to her.

儿子是她最重要的一切。

Money isn't everything.

金钱不是一切。

Her daughter is everything to her.

Section Ⅱ Study skills and Task

【知识点】

1、Then she went back to the table .

然后,他又走回桌子。

Go back 的用法

(1)move backwards or away后退;撤离

Go back a step or two;you're too near.后退一两步,你离得太近了。

(2)return 返回

Go back to bed,you're too ill to be up.回到床上去,你病重不能起来。

(3)(of a clock or watch)be set to an earlier time(钟表)回拨

The clocks go back next week,so it will seem dark sooner.下周钟要往回拨了,所以天似乎要黑得早些。(4)take the mind back in time,in one's thoughts 回顾

Yes,whenever she talks,she always likes to go back to her younger days.是的,她只要一开口,

就喜欢回顾她的青年时代。

He went back to his childhood.他回忆了他的童年。My memory doesn't go back that far.我记不起那么久的事了。

(5)date back追溯

The history of those archaeologicalfinds goes back to the 2nd century.这些历史文物的发现可追溯到2世纪。

The story went back to thousands of years ago.这个故事追溯到几千年以前。

(6)return to an earlier point(in space,time,a discussion,etc.)回转;回复(前面的话题、讨论等)

She has gone back to her old habits.她又恢复了老习惯。

Let's go back to the subject we were discussing.让我们回到刚才讨论的题目吧。

Now that you've done a year in Medicine,you can't very well go back and start an Arts course.既然你已经学医一年,就不大好回过头来学人文学科了。Once you decide to emigrate,there will be no going 2、saw a little bottle on it

看到桌子上有一个小瓶子。

Little 和 a little 的区别

(1)little做副词时,译作“几乎一点儿都不”,等于no(一点儿都不)之意

例句:The patient's condition is little better than yesterday.病人的情况并没有比昨天好一点(2)a little作副词时,译成“有点儿”

例句:The patient's condition is getting a little better .病人的情况好转了些

(3)little作副词时,通常修饰动词think,know,dream,expect

例句:I little thought that you had done it. 我几乎没料到你一把事情做完了

3、It tasted sweet.尝起来很甜。

Taste 在此作为系动词,此外还有动词smell,look,sound和feel可用作连系动词,后面只能接形容词作表语,表示主语所具有的特征。这时它们都相当于不及物动词,因此不可用被动语态,也不可用在进行时态中。

有两个含有 taste 的句子:

( 1 ) They taste a little like our pies. ( 2 ) May I have a taste?,

这两句中 taste 的用法是有区别的,请看:

[1] taste 作动词时,有两种情况:

( 1 ) taste 后可跟名词或代词,意为“尝、品尝某物”。如:

Tom smelled the mooncake and then tasted it again.

汤姆闻了闻月饼之后,又尝了一口。

( 2 ) taste 后可跟形容词,意为“有……味道”,此时它是系动词。如:

The mooncakes with nuts taste more delicious than those with sugar.

有坚果的月饼比有糖的月饼更好吃。

[2]taste 可作名词,意为“味道、品尝”。如:Please have a taste of this cheese.

请尝尝这乳酪。

Sugar has a sweet taste.

糖有甜味。

由此可知前面( 1 )句中的 taste 是系动词,( 2 )句中的 taste 是名词。

[3]

taste 作系动词时,与形容词构成系表结构,常用于一般现在时和一般过去时中,而不能用于进行时

态中。如:

Good medicine taste bitter to the mouth.

良药苦口。(不说 Good medicine is tasting bitter to the mouth. )

[4]

smell (闻)与 taste 一样,都可以既作动词,又作名词。作动词时既可接名词 / 代词,又可后接形容词。如:

He smelled the milk and said it smelled bad. It had a bad smell.

他闻了闻牛奶,说牛奶坏了,有异味了。

[※]

tasteless (无味的); tasteless food (无味的食物); taster (尝味者、试味员); tasty ( adj. 美味的、可口的)。如:

That is a tasty meal.

那是美味可口的一餐。

4、Her body became smaller and smaller .

她的身体变得越来越小

Smaller and smaller “越来越少”

比较级+and+比较级相当于汉语中的“越来越…”如:The train moved away faster and faster .

火车开走了,速度越来越快。

5、Soon ,Alice was small enough to go through the door ,so she decided to enter the garden.

一会儿,爱丽丝变得足够小可以穿过门,因此她决定进入花园。

(1)soon 意为“一会儿”相当于“while”

(2)Enter 动词,意为“进入,把…放入”

如:enter a key in the door 把钥匙插进门里。(3)decide to do sth 决定做某事。

She decided to live in London

她决定住在伦敦。

6、She was too small to reach the key.

她太小够不到那把钥匙。

Too...to...意为“太…而不能…”短语中too是副词,后接形容词或副词;to是动词不定式的符号,后接动词原形。

例如:

He walked too slowly to catch up with me .

他走的太慢了不能跟上我。

【Task】

写一篇我最喜欢的地方的文章,字数70词左右。

如根据提示完成一篇文章:

1、每个人都有自己喜欢的地方,我也是;

2、有三个地方我最喜欢

3、一个是动物园因为里面的动物很好玩,另一个是博物馆,它们有许多优良的陈列品和吸引人的展品;最后,主题公园是我喜爱的地方。我认为过山车是(主题公园里)最好的。

Many people have favorite places they like to go to I have favorite places that I go to as often as I can.

Here are a places that I like most.First of all,I like the zoo.The animals are amazing because some are so cute and some are so ugly!I like to pet them,feed them and watch them perform.Museums are cool places,too.They have good exhibits and fascinating displays.I like the works of art there.Some museumsteach me a lot about history and science.From dinosaus to robots,I love it all.Finally,theme parks are a blast.I love to go on the wild rides.I think the roller coasters are the best.It's fun to scream and get scared.

【练习】

1、we___with each other from then on .

A study

B studied

C have studied

2、I have got___money to buy the shirt ,so I can take one .

A too

B enough

C many

D much

3、The stone is___heavy for me to carry.

A too

B very

C enough

D much

4、He___Shanghai last week.

A went to

B reached in

C arrived

D got

5、We_____each other from then on

A know

B have knowed

C knew

D knowing

6、——Where do you work ?

——I___in a hospital and I___there since 2010 A work;worked B worked ;worked C worked;have worked D work;have worked

7、——When did you arrived in Beijing?

——I____Beijing three days ago.

A reached

B got

C arrived

D went

8、——Where is Peter?

——He_____here a monment ago.

A is

B was

C were

D are,

9、Miss Zhang ,the most beautiful

teacher,___many flowers and letters these days.

A received

B will receive

C was receiving

D has received

10、Last summer,we ____many photos when we had a trip to Dalian.

A take

B takes

C took

D will take

参考答案

CBAAB DABDC

上海牛津英语5B知识点汇总

上海牛津英语五年级下册语法点整理 动词的形式: 一、动词后面加上ing : ①、现在进行时:表示某个动作正在发生或进行。它的构成方式是:主语+be+动词ing 〔现在分词〕形式,有时会要求自己加上be动词(is, am , are )。句子中经常会出现look, listen, now……等词。 现在进行时的变化 肯定句式:主语+be( am, is, are)+动词ing+其它. 否定句式:主语+be(am, is, are) +not +动词ing+其它. 一般疑问句:Be(am, is, are) +主语+动词ing +其它? 特殊疑问句:疑问词(what , where…)+be(am, is, are)+主语+动词ing +其它?对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答,它不可以用Yes或No直接作答,要根据实际情况回答。 练习:1. What are you _________(do) now? I ___________(eat) bread. 2. It’s nine o’clock.. My father_______________(work) in the office. 3. Look, the boy____________(put) the plate on his finger. 4. __________he__________(clean) the classroom? No, he isn’t. He____________(play). 5. Where is Mak? He___________(run) on the grass. 6. Listen, who___________(sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary___________(sing) there. ②like(s), go , do some , 后面的动词加ing. 如:1. I like (play ) football, but my father likes (play) chess. 2.Let’s go (swim). 二、动词后面加s/es. 这就有关一种时态:一般现在时。 一般现在时:表示经常性的事情。 时间状语:often经常, usually通常, always总是,every每个, sometimes有时,at…在几点钟 它的动词变化与主语人称有关,只有肯定句中第三人称单数用动词三单(动词加s/es),其余动词均用原形。在否定句和问句中,因为有助动词do, don’t , does , doesn’t,所以后面的动词用原形。 三单变化:多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes 以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词加es go—goes wash—washes watch--watches 以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改i再加es fly—flies study—studies 一般现在时的变化: 1、肯定句:主语(非三单)+动原+其它/ 主语(he , she )+动词三单+其它。 2、否定句:主语(非三单)+don’t+动原+其它/ 主语(he , she )+动原+其它。 3、一般疑问句:Do +主语(非三单)+动原+其它/ Does +主语(he, she )+动原+其它。 4、特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词(What, Where …)+do +主语(非三单)+动原+其它 特殊疑问词(What, Where…)+ does +主语(he , she )+动原+其它。 练习:1. We often___________(play) in the playgound. 2. He _________(get) up at six o’clock.

牛津小学英语5BUnit 8 知识点

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